Engineering Surveying (CON3321)

Tutorial 2 (Suggested answer)

1. Find the mean Horizontal Circle Readings and mean Vertical Circle Readings and Compute the Horizontal Angles and Vertical
Angles from station A to the stations B, C & D. What are the oriented directions of the lines AC and AD, given the true bearing
from Station A to Station B is 100o 20’ 30”

Station Horizontal Circle Reading Reduced Vertical Circle Reading

From To Face Left Face Right Mean Horizontal Angle Face Left Face Right Mean Vertical Angle
O O O O O O O
’ ” ’ ” ’ ” (Refers to line AB) ’ ” ’ ” ’ ” ’ ”
0-0-5
A B 16-26-36 196-26-50 16-26-43 0-0-0 90-00-10 270-00-20 89-59-55
(elevation)
5-26-55
C 35-45-55 215-46-19 35-46-7 19-19-24 84-33-20 275-27-10 84-33-5
(elevation)
-6-20-40
D 184-34-54 4-35-16 184-35-5 168-8-22 96-20-30 263-39-10 96-20-40
(depression)

Bearing of AC = (100o 20’ 30”) + (19o 19’ 24”) = 119o 39’ 54” N
Bearing of AD = (100o 20’ 30”) + (168o 8’ 22”) = 268o 28’ 52”
100o 20’ 30”
A
D B
C

1
Engineering Surveying (CON3321)

2. A standard base was established by accurately measuring with a steel tape the distance between fixed marks on a level bed. The mean
distance recorded was 24.984 m at a temperature of 18˚C and an applied tension of 155 N. The tape used had recently been standardized in
catenary and was 30 m in length at 20˚C and 100 N tension. Calculate the true length between the fixed marks given: total weight of the tape
= 0.90 kg; coefficient of expansion of steel = 11×10-6 per ˚C; cross-sectional area = 2 mm2; E=210×103 N/mm2; gravitational acceleration =
9.807 m/s2.

If the tape was standardized in catenary, then when laid on the flat it would be too long by an amount equal to the sag correction.

2
 0.90 
 9.807   30 
3
2 3  
w L  1 1  w L 2 3
30
Cs       0.0097 m
24  Ps 2 Pm 2  24 Ps 2 24100 
2

0.0097  24.984
This amount, in effect, then becomes the standardization correction: C   0.0081 m
30

LPm  Ps  24.984  155  100 

Tension correction: CT    0.0033 m
AE 2  210  103

Temperature correction: Ct  L t m  t s   24.984  11  10 6  18  20   0.0006 m

Total correction: Ctotal  0.0081  0.0033  0.0006  0.0108 m

∴Corrected length  24.984  0.011  24.995 m