naTela arvelaZe

maradi
berika

gamomcemloba `mwignobari~

Tbilisi
2011
 maradi berika

mixeil TumaniSvilma 1949 wels

rusTavelelTa dassTan sadi plomo
speqtakli rom dadga, qarTul Te-
atrsa da dasavleTis sasceno kul-
turas Soris zRvari sagrZnobi iyo.
roca 1981 wels Tavisi erT-erTi sa-
ukeTeso dadgma ganaxorciela _ mo-
lieris `don Juani~, maSin es zRva-
ri ukve waSlili gaxldaT. Aai, es
Rvawli miuZRvis TumaniSvils qar-
Tuli Teatris ganviTarebaSi.
es wigni mkiTxvels mouTxrobs
reJisoris naxevarsaukunovan Semoq-
medebiT gzaze, am gzis samive etapze
_ rusTavelis TeatrSi, uTeatrod,
kinomsaxiobTa TeatrSi.
amjerad, kinomsaxiobTa dasis sa-
Semsruleblo xelovnebazea aqcenti
gadatanili, SedarebiT mokrZalebuli
adgili eTmoba reJisoris Semoqmede-
bis sxvadasxva aspeqts. momdevno naS-
romSi Sevecdebi ufro srulad ganvi-
xilo misi Semoqmedeba, misi cxovre-
bis samive etapi..

redaqtori - ioseb WumburiZe

kompiuteruli uzrunvelyofa - sofo taryaSvilisa

ISBN 978-9941-0-3121-2
© naTela arvelaZe 2011

2
 pirnaTeloba
SarSan erTma cnobilma Teatr-
mcodnem miTxra: roca axmetelze vwer-
di, ici, ramdeni ram movigone da Se-
valamaze?!.
gamakvirva aseTma gulaxdilobam.
etyoba, xandaxan nebismier adamians
uCndeba aRsarebis survili, anda, vin
icis, iqneb, simarTle sulac uneb-
lied wamoscdebaT xolme.
am wignSi araferia gamogonili da
Selamazebuli.
es arc wignis mTavar gmirs sWir-
deba da ekadreba da arc mis avtors.
Teatrmcodnis Rrma analizi _ Ta-
visTavad, magram, am SemTxvevaSi, qal-
batoni naTela Jurnalistis rolSic
mogvevlina da STamomavlobas Seuqmna
unikaluri teqsti _ Segirdi msaxio-
bebis monaTxrobiT Seqmnili didi re-
Jisoris portreti.
am wignis gamocema kulturis sami-
nistros unda daefinansebina.
uari Tqves.
albaT, asec unda momxdariyo.
qalbaton naTelas oficiozisgan
arasodes araferi unda mieRo.
samagierod, is kvlavac pirnaTeli
dgas uflis, samSoblosa da Tavisi
profesiis winaSe.
imaT winaSe, misi simarTle rom
uyvarT.
imaT winaSec, misi simarTlis rom
eSiniaT.

ioseb WumburiZe
19 dekembebri, 2010 weli

3
 wignSi gamoyenebulia reJisoris pi-
rad arqivSi, rusTavelisa da konomsax-
iobTa Teatrebis muzeumebSi daculi fo-
toebi. maTi mowodebisa da gulisxmierebi-
saTvis, madlierebas gamovxatavT ojaxis
wevrebisa da aRniSnuli muzeumebis Tanam-
SromelTa mimarT.

4
 gza TariRebiT

1921 wlis 6 Tebervals daibada.

1939 wels daamTavra skola.
1939 wels gaiwvies savaldebulo sam-
xedro samsaxurSi.
1941 wels meore msoflio omma sazR-
varze mouswro. kievis dacvisas,
daba umanTan, daiWra, moxvda ger-
maniis samxedro tyveebis banak-
lazareTSi. gaiqca. isev tyved
Cavarda. partizanebma gadaarCines.
maT razms SeuerTda.
1944 wels, demobilizaciis Semdeg,
gaxda SoTa rusTavelis saxelo-
bis saxelmwifo Teatraluri ins-
titutis studenti, reJisuras
eufleboda giorgi tovstonogo-
vis xelmZRvanelobiT.
1948 wels Teatraluri institutis pa-
tara scenaze dadga pirveli speq-
takli - `me Tqven miyvarxarT~;
1949 wels rusTavelis TeatrSi dad-
ga sadi plomo speqtakli: `ma-
rad mwvane qedebi~. amave wels
miiwvies rusTavelis TeatrSi -
damdgmel reJisorad da Teatra-
lur institutSi - pedagogad.
1959 wlidan muSaobda telestudiaSi,
sxvadasxva dros iyo telereJi-
sori, feradi televiziis mTava-
ri reJisori, xelmZRvanelobda

5
 televiziis sadadgmo redaqcias,
romlis bazazec Seiqmna sate-
levizio Teatri.
1961 wels mieniWa saqarTvelos
saxalxo artistis wodeba.
1963 wels misi TaosnobiT gaixsna rus-
Tavelis Teatris mcire scena.
1967 wels Seqmna eqsperimentuli
jgufi _ SemdegSi e.w. `me-11
auditoriis Teatri~;
1971 wels wavida rusTavelis Teatri-
dan.
1978 wels Seqmna kinomsaxiobTa saxe-
losno - amJamad, misi saxelo-
bis kinomsaxiobTa Teatri.
1981 wels, naSromisaTvis `sanam repe-
ticia daiwyeba~, mieniWa marja-
niSvilis premia. amave wels miiRo
ssrk saxalxo artistis wodeba.

1948- wlebSi dramatuli da saopero

1996 Teatrebis scenebze dadga 68
warmodgena, aRzarda msaxiobTa
da reJisorTa Taobebi, gamosca
ori wigni, dasastambad amzadeb-
da mesame naSroms, umaRles Se-
moqmedebiT saswavlebels Seuqm-
na scenis ostatTa profesiuli
aRzrdis mecnieruli safuZve-
li.
1996 wlis 11 maiss gardaicvala.
2011 wlis 6 Tebervals 90 weli Se-
usruldeboda.

6
 winaTqma

y oveli wlis 6 Tebervals da 11 maiss misi axloblebi,

ojaxis wevrebTan erTad, vikribebiT didubis panTeonSi.
rkalad vdgavarT mis saflavTan. am ritualiT, TiTqos, mas-
Tan siaxloves veSurebiT. TiToeul Cvengans sakuTari biliki
gvqonda misken mimavali, am gziT mivdiodiT masTan SeWirvebisa
Tu dalxinebis Jams, mivdiodiT wrfeli gancdiTa da Svebis
imediT. is ki grZnobda, ra satkivarisa Tu sixarulis gazia-
rebisaTvis vewvieT. mivdiodiT masTan, rogorc RvTis msaxur-
Tan aRsarebisaTvis, rogorc gurusTan _ SemweobisaTvis, ro-
gorc megobarTan gulisnadebis gaziarebisaTvis. Mmosmenisa da
gagebis iSviaTi kulturiT gamorCeuls, verc Seatyobdi, Tu
sakuTari sadardebeli Tavzesayrelad hqonda. geCveneboda, rom
am wuTebSi Senze mniSvnelovani misTvis aravin arsebobda. zus-
tad agnebda Sens `daavadebas~ da dakvirvebuli mkurnalis
darad, `gamowerda~ gansakurnebel malamos.
diax, TiToeul Cvengans sakuTari biliki hqonda misken
mimavali. misi erTaderTi gza da biliki ki _ mxolod Tea-
trisken miemarTeboda. TeatriT da TeatrisTvis cxovrobda
yovlismomcveli da spetaki erTgulebiT. Teatris samsxver-
ploze gamohqonda mdidari da elvare fantazia, Seupovari
da mTliani pirovnebis mwveli siyvaruli... weliwadSi orjer
rkalad vdgavarT mis saflavTan, dumiliTa da fiqriT, sev-
diTa da tkiviliT vixsenebT mis moRvaweobas: speqtaklebs,
repeticiebs, leqciebs, Sexvedrebs, saubrebs, kamaTs, mis
naSromebs, Canawerebs, dRiurebs, sareJisoro eqsplikaciebs
da realurad SevigrZnobT danakargis masStabs.
axlac vdgavarT mis saflavTan. fiqri TavisiT swvdeba mis
mier ganvlil gzas, vixseneb mis Semoqmedebas, jiutad ade-
vnebul Cems Sinagan monologs vusmen, mexsierebiT aRdgenil
wuTebs vuRrmavdebi: ramdeni sixaruli ganucdia warmatebuli
speqtaklebis premierebze, Sin Tu TeatrSi gamarTul sadRe-
saswaulo Sexvedrebze, gastrolebsa Tu saTeatro forume-

7
bze; isic maxsendeba, rogor ebrZodnen kolegebi, kritikosebi,
dramaturgebi, rogor esxmodnen Tavs rusTavelis Teatrs
misi ZiebiT ukmayofilo kulturis saministros moxeleebi,
Teatrmcodneebi. rogor imetebdnen mas zogni aSkarad, Jur-
nal-gazeTebisa Tu Teatraluri sazogadoebis gamgeobis ple-
numebze; zognic farulad, qilikiT, SeniRbuli mZulvarebiTa
da mtrobiT. am sastikma wlebma Tavisi kvali Rrmad CaWedes mis
gulSi (dRes ki araerTi maTgani mis megobrobas Cemulobs!)...
vdgavar mis saflavTan. jiutad amekviata kiTxva: mainc ra
roli ganekuTvneba mixeil TumaniSvils qarTuli Teatris is-
toriaSi? axla mxolod umTavress aRvniSnav:
mixeil TumaniSvilma:
1. aaRorZina qarTuli reJisoruli Teatri (Tanamoazre
msaxiobebTan erTad).
2. kalapoti Seucvala rusTavelis Teatris ganviTarebas.
gaagrZela da gamokveTa misi umTavresi tradicia _ ma-
radi ganaxlebisaTvis mzadyofna.
3. umaRles saTeatro saswavlebels specifikuri pedago-
gikis mecnieruli safuZveli Seuqmna.
4. gamosca reJisuris saxelmZRvanelo.
5. eqsperimentuli jgufebis momzadebiT Tvisebrivad
Secvala msaxiobebisa da reJisorTa swavlebis procesi
(`me-11 auditoriis Teatri~).
6. warmatebiT iTanamSromla da xeli Seuwyo qarTuli
satelevizio Teatris aRmavlobas.
7. misi TaosnobiT gaixsna rusTavelis Teatris mcire
scena.
8. iTamaSa umTavresi roli `kldiaSvilis Teatris~ Ca-
moyalibebaSi.
9. gaxsna axali Teatri _ kinomsaxiobTa saxelosno, dRes
misi saxelobis Teatri.
rom SevajamoT: Seqmna `TumaniSvilis skola~, `TumaniSvi-
lis Teatri~.

8
 nawili pirveli

rusTavelis TeatrSi
 naTela arvelaZe

madlmofenis rituali

a ma wlis 6 Tebervals 90 weli Seusruldeboda. ase

mgonia, cocxali rom iyos, axlac sakuTar ocnebasTan,
satkivarTan, sixarulTan, repeticiaze fiqriT Zveleburad gau-
yveboda Tavis gzas _ Sinidan Teatrisaken, Teatridan Sinisaken.
Teatrisken mimavali, fiqrSi CaZiruli _ ase SemorCa mexsierebas
Tavisi sayvareli personaJiviT qaris wisqvilebTan morkinali,
gamudmebulad maZiebeli, Tavisi mociqulebiT garSemortymuli
mixeil TumaniSvili. Tvalwin dagvidgeba Tavis xilvebTan ganmar-
toebuli, `wvrilman~ sawuxarze amaRlebuli, yovelTvis welSi
gamarTuli da winmavali, sinaTlis svetiviT naTeli da idumali,
ase Sinaurulad mzrunveli da axlobeli, TeatrisaTvis Tavgan-
wirulad mebrZoli da mSvenieri qarTveli berika, TvalebSi rom
gamalebiT uxtodnen naperwklebi _ cincxal mignebaTa sixaruli,
is rac Teatrs maradiul dResaswaulad aqcevs.
batonma miSam am dResaswaulis madli irgvliv uxvad mi-
moabnia, rogorc gulis siTbo, ziarebasaviT damamSvidebeli
rituali, imavdroulad, Sinaganad mborgavi, momqancvel yo-
veldRiurobaze amaRlebuli, sisastikisagan Tavdaxsnis Sveba
da saxsari, rogorc mimqrali scenidan gadmoRvenTili erTgu-
leba, mimtevebloba, sikeTe da siyvaruli. da kidev... adamianis
Sinagani gawonasworebis, gamTlianebis netareba.
mixeil TumaniSvilTan urTierToba ritualis tolfasi
iyo _ madlis mofenis ritualis msgavsi. gangebam am madliT
uxvad daajildova, uSurvelad gascemda codnas, misi sike-
Tis madli `sworad moefinebis~, is `qadagebda~ yvelasTvis,
yvelgan, yovel Jams. WeSmaritad, `uxvi axsnilsac daabams...
uxvsa hmorCilobs yoveli~... miuxedavad imisa, rom mravalni
mtrobdnen, akritikebdnen, qilikobdnen, ebrZodnen, batoni
miSa mainc saerTo TayvaniscemiT, ganuyofeli avtoritetiT
sargeblobda. maRali rangis profesionalis mier uangariSod
gaRebuli madlis wyalobiT, bolosdabolos, marTlac `axs-

11
 maradi berika

nilnic dabmulni~ hyavda. boloJams Tavgadakluli oponen-

tebic ki `hmorCilobdnen~, Tumca uWirdaT im profesiul
`enaze~ saubari, masTan dialogis SesaZleblobas rom iZleo-
da. amis aRiareba, ra Tqma unda, Znelia da amitomac, isev mis
warumatebel speqtaklebs ukirkitebdnen, umTavresi movlena
ki xelidan usxltebodaT...
mixeil TumaniSvils yvelaferi mSvenieri da gamorCeuli
hqonda: garegnoba, azrebi, SeTxzvis niWi, fantazia, darwmu-
nebis unari, Teatris trfiali, STagonebuli repeticiebi da
leqciebi. reJisori, Teoretikosi, pedagogi _ iSviaTi xaris-
xiT Tavsdeboda es Tvisebebi erT pirovnebaSi. xelobis floba
aerTianebda am sam saxeobas _ igi speqtaklis, rogorc axali
mTlianobis SeTxzvisa da konstruqciis agebis ostatobasac
flobda, ganzogadebisa da mecnieruli azrovnebis ostatic
iyo da moZRvris aRmsareblobis aRmtaci qadagebis unariTac
gaxldaT dajildoebuli. es ar niSnavs, rom marcxisagan ga-
xldaT dazRveuli, rom Secdoma ar mosdioda da mxolod
gamarjvebis zar-zeimiT miemarTeboda Tavis saval gzaze. am
SemTxvevaSi misi moRvaweobis im Tvisebas gamovyof, ramac misi
gamorCeulobis niSani gansazRvra da ganapiroba.
is bunebiT natifi adamiani gaxldaT, harmonias, Snosa da
lazaTs eltvoda scenazec. miuxedavad imisa, rom misi Ta-
namedrove realoba aSkarad deromantizebul ganwyobas badebda,
scanaze mas mainc am deformirebuli samyaros SesaZlebeli
simwyobre gadahqonda; grZnobaTa siwrfeliT surda gadaefara,
magram mainc mieniSnebina auwyobeli realobis diskomforti.
es ar niSnavs, rom sinamdvilis Selamazebas, an naxevari si-
marTlis qadagebas, anda simaxinjis SeniRbvas cdilobda. ubra-
lod, realobis miseul mxilebaSi mSvenierebisa da harmoniis
nostalgiac SeiniSneboda.
misi speqtaklebis personaJTa mankierebani: mrisxaneba, Za-
ladoba, tirania, uxeSoba, uzneoba, flidoba, Ralati, sic-
rue, meSCanoba da sxv., warmosaxuli hqonda ufro faqizi fe-
rebiT, vidre amas, erTi SexedviT, mxilebis simZafre iTxovda.

12
 naTela arvelaZe

grafikuli Canaxatis simkveTre gajerebuli Canda daxvewili

plastikiT, JestiT, mimikiT, intonaciiT. is ufro renuaris
Suq-Crdilebs, mTrTolvare, moliclice, Tbil ferebs iye-
nebda, vidre goias, anda Tundac, salvador dalis mWeqare,
mborgav, Sokis momgvrel, daSlil figurebsa da gamyinav fe-
rebs, raTa auwyobeli realobis mZafri suraTi warmoeCina.
is esTeti gaxldaT, Tu SeiZleba iTqvas xelovani _ aristo-
krati! sakuTari xilvebis samyaro sasceno ficarnagze zRvars
gadasuli `mkveTri moZraobebis~ gareSe gadahqonda.
batoni miSa, cxovrebaSi upretenzio, aravis Seawuxeb-
da Tavisi problemebiT, iSviaTad mimarTavda vinmes TxovniT.
Tavad arc Cin-medlebze uzrunia! yoveli jildo, medali da
premia damsaxurebulad hqonda miRebuli, saamisod arc Tavad
da arc mis axloblebs urbeniaT sxvadasxva instanciaSi. arc
oficiozis zar-zeimebis momxre yofila da arc xmauriani
Tavgadasavlebisa, Tumca, oficialuri saRamo-koncertebic
daudgams da demagogiuri Tavdasxmebis obieqtic araerTgzis
gamxdara.
profesiuli rangiT, Sinagani damoukideblobiT, niWiTa da
saqmianobiT imdenad mniSvnelovani figura gaxldaT, rom Tavis-
Tavad badebda mowiwebas. isinic ki, vinc ebrZodnen, visTvisac
miuRebeli Semoqmedi gaxldaT, vinc gulnatkeni iyo, rolebs
rom ver iRebda, visTvisac, nebsiT Tu uneblied, tkivili
miuyenebia, Sinaganad grZnobdnen mis gamorCeulobas. metad
aRizianebdaT misi gankerZoebuloba, TavisTavadoba, cxovrebis
formiT misi gamorCeuloba, zogjer miukareblobac. moSurne-
Ta gniass TiTqos verc amCnevda, magram... gulze natyviarevi
mainc Zalumad aCnda, Zveleburad stkioda, Tavs axsenebda...
paradoqsia, magram Tavgadakluli oponentebic ki, TavianTi
Svilebisa Tu SviliSvilebis profesiuli aRzrdisaTvis mas
irCevdnen, cdilobdnen misi Segirdis statusi moepovebinaT
maTs STamomavlebs, radganac icodnen misi pedagogikis fasi,
icodnen, TumaniSvilis Segirdis statusi TavisTavad iRbals,
gamorCeulobas rom niSnavda Cvens saTeatro asparezze.

13
 maradi berika

is WeSmaritad paradoqsuli epoqis Svili iyo. Znelad

aixsneba isic, rogor SesZlo, ecxovra ase ukompromisod
(repertuaris SerCevas ar vgulisxmob!), ar yofiliyo medrove,
ar eTvalTmaqca `ZlierTa ama qveynisa~ winaSe, ar `gaSinaure-
boda~ komunisturi partiis centraluri komitetis mdivnebs,
ar esargebla maTi keTilganwyobiT. mas niWi, pirovnuli da
profesiuli Rirseba gvirgvinad edga! amis gamo mavani gacno-
bierebulad, araerTi ki gaucnobiereblad, pativs scemdnen,
TviT mrisxane oponentebic ki Sinaganad mainc mokrZalebulad
irjebodnen. aseTi profesionalizmi, princi puloba, ganker-
ZoebiT yofna diskomforts uqmnida maT, vinc Tavmomwoned
idga Tavisive mondomebiT aRmarTul kvarcxlbekze (fsevdo-
kvarcxlbekze!) da sakuTari personis gandidebiT, jildoe-
bisa Tu premiebisTvis mopovebiT iyo dakavebuli. isini ormagi
standartiT azrovnebasa da cxovrebas irCevdnen, momgebian
niRbebs irgebdnen. dawinaurebulebsac ki mixeil TumaniSvilis
damoukidebloba aRizianebdaT, radganac kontrasti metis-
metad sagrZnobi iyo.

***
baton miSas `antigoneze~ muSaobis dros, repeticiebze,
xSirad mohyavda magaliTebi: maSindeli yofis amsaxveli mov-
lenebi, faqtebi, detalebi. sareJisoro gegmaSic aqvs aRniS-
nuli Sinagani monologi, romelic mis imdroindel ganwyobas
gamoxatavs, rac exmareba antigonesa da kreonis orTabrZolis
(kreonis kabinetSi mimdinare ormocwuTiani epizodi) proce-
sisaTvis mignebuli gamosaxvis formaTa gamarTlebas.
am orTabrZolis pirveli etapis Sinagani dinebis, azrob-
rivi partituris dadgenis Semdgom, sareJisoro gegmaSi aR-
uniSnavs (dastambulia wignSi `axla ki, farda!~): `rogori
yalbia es yvelaferi! irCeven prezidiums. xelis aweviT kenWs
uyrian _ vin momxrea, vin _ winaaRmdegi, Tavi vin Seikava,
xolo roca erTxmad arCeulebi prezidiumSi avlen, stamburi
wesiT winaswar dabeWdil blankebze iwyeben sakuTari gvare-

14
 naTela arvelaZe

bis Zebnas _ vin sad unda dajdes. ratom ar SeiZleba prez-

idiumis arCeva yovelgvari winaswar Semzadebuli qaRaldebis
gareSe?... Tumca, amas ra mniSvneloba aqvs, prezidiumi xom
mainc arafers wyvets. yvelaferi winaswaraa gadawyvetili.
prezidiumi mxolod ritualia am maskaradisa.
mTeli qveyana am faSistebis xelTaa da srulebiT aravi-
Tari mniSvneloba ara aqvs imas, Tu ras uwodeben isini TavianT
Tavs _ kapitalistebs, socialistebs, Tu ali-babas gamoqvabu-
lis yaCaRebs. maTi lozungebi da mowodebebi Sinaarsgamoclil,
fuye sityvebad iqcnen. sazogado saqmeebis niRabs amofarebul-
ni, sakuTar saqmeebs akvaraxWineben, cdiloben xelisuflebaSi
moxvdnen, xelSi igdon presa. yvelaferi iyideba: sasamarTlo,
milicia, samxedro komisariati, jari. simarTles ver i povi
kaci! maTTvis yvelaferi nebadarTulia. isini ganageben swavla-
ganaTlebiT, skoliT, xelovnebiT, qcevis, eTikis normebs gan-
sazRvraven...~ (gv. 270-271)
am orTabrZolis dasrulebis Semdgom, rodesac Cafrebi
miaTreven antigones, reJisoris remarkiT, kreoni maT zurgs
Seaqcevs. am movlenas enacvleba kvlav reJisoris mosazreba, misi
Sinagani monologis saxiT gamoxatuli asociaciuri nakadi:
`saqalaqo konferencia. sruliad zedmetad vgrZnob Tavs
da mowyenilobisagan, Cveulebrisamebr, sakuTar SegrZnebebs
viwer. raRac saSinelebaa, kiTxuloben viRacis mier winas-
war gamzadebul moxsenebebs, imeoreben aTasgzis gazeTSi
dabeWdils, erTsa da imaves tkepnian, uSvelebel darbazSi
saSineli yayani dgas _ yvela saubrobs, momxsenebels aravin
usmens. xelisuflebis piramida kargad mosuqebuli, pirgapar-
suli moxeleebisgan Sedgeba. maTTvis mTavaria, rac SeiZleba
metxans SeinarCunon TavianTi rbili savarZlebi. yvela Cum-
Cumad lanZRavs komunistur sistemas, magram amave dros, mSve-
nivrad sargeblobs am dromoWmuli fenomenis privilegiebiT...
ra gvinda aq? ras vakeTebT?.. yvela elodeba Sesvenebas, rom
bufetSi wavides. amboben, iq wiTeli da Savi xizilalaa, zuTxi,
Cexuri ludi (es produqti maSin deficiti iyo da amitomac sa-
gangebod miuTiTebs reJisori _ n.a.), ai, amitomac varT foieSi
da ara sxdomaTa darbazSi. es grandiozuli darbazia, Cven ki

15
 maradi berika

kreontiseuli CafrebiviT varT, rasac gvibrZaneben _ imas vas-

rulebT, yvelaferi winaswar SemuSavebuli gegmiT mimdinareobs
da amitomac aris aseTi autaneli da Sesazari.
saxlSi mindoda wasvla, magram orma axalgazrdam (Cafarma)
mkacrad gadamiRoba gza, ar SeiZleba! ase rom gagiSvaT, darbazSi
erTi kacic aRar darCeba. bunagSi dabruneba momixda, wesiT ki
unda meTqva `ara~ da wavsuliyavi. 19... weli.~ (gv. 275-276).
mixeil TumaniSvili TariRs bolomde ar miuTiTebs,
radganac aseTi konferenciebi da damswreTa aseTi ganwyoba,
ti puri movlena gaxldaT sabWoTa sinamdvilisaTvis. amitomac,
SesaZlebelia, es movlena miviCnioT metad gavrcelebul
faqtad, simbolod, zust miniSnebad im periodis socialur-
politikuri viTarebisaTvis. ormagi morali, siyalbe, piradi
keTildReobisaTvis zrunva _ partiuli funqcionirebisaTvis
damaxasiaTebeli is mdabali princi pebia, romlebiTac moq-
medebdnen partiuli funqcionerebi da romelebic miuRebeli
iyo misTvis.
magram umTavresia is, rom reJisori sakuTar Tavs mov-
lenis `SigniT~ moiazrebs. Sinagani protestis miuxedavad,
masac gauWirda, ukompromisod emoqmeda da CafarisTvis eTqva
_ `ara!~ es gulwrfeloba, sakuTari Tavis mimarT aseTi
simkacre da piradi gancdebisa Tu saqcielis mimarT daundob-
loba _ TumaniSvilis pirovnul kredod SeiZleba vivaraudoT.
es faqtori ganmsazRvreli gaxldaT misi cxovrebisaTvis. ami-
tomac, is mimdinare yofas afasebda, rogorc monawile; is
faqts ar afasebda `garedan~, movlenaze maRla ar ayenebda
sakuTar Tavs, sazogadoebaze maRla ar moiazrebda sakuTar
personas. amitomac sargeblobda igi ndobiTa da pativiscemiT.
amitomac hqonda mas ufleba, emxila, partiuli farisevlebi,
gaekritikebina maTi cxovrebis wesi da scenidan eCvenebina maTi
zneobrivi degradacia. man es ufleba sakuTari cxovrebis for-
miT moi pova. baton miSas namdvilad ar moswonda oficialuri
Sexvedrebi, prezidiumSi gamoCena, zeimebze daswreba, par-
tiuli elitis winaSe Tavgamodeba. Teatri iyo misi aRlumic,
dResaswaulic, Svebaca da Tavdaviwyebac. scenazec, repeti-
ciazec, kulisebSic qmnida saTuT, momnusxvel, imavdroulad

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sada garemos, magram usaTuod SemoqmedebiT atmosferos..

baton miSas bunebis uCveulod aRqmis unaric hqonda.
frinvelebsa Tu cxovelebSi, foTolsa Tu yvavilSi, balaxsa
Tu totSi, Rrubelsa Tu fesvebSi sxvebisTvis SeumCnevel
individualobas xedavda, maTSi sulier arsebebTan msgavsebasa
da gamoZerwil xasiaTs agnebda. Mmere, xelis erTi SexebiT
portrets gamohkveTda, simbolur niSnad aqcevda. bunebis
SegrZnebis gansakuTrebuli unaris wyalobiT, am simboloebs
ama Tu im rolis plastikur monaxazSi, msaxiobTa mimikasa
da metyvelebis maneraSi Caaqsovda xolme. misi speqtaklebis
vizualur-verbalur niSnebSi bunebis Sesmenis kulturac ig-
rZnoboda da am niadagze aRmocenebuli subieqturi aRqmis
eqoc SeiniSneboda. yvelafers erTad saTeatro niRbebis saTa-
ved aqcevda.
tyesa Tu mdeloze seirnobas, bunebis xmebis, surnelebis,
ferebis, aRqmas erTi mizani hqonda _ am organuli xazebis,
rkalebis, formebis, saRebavebis, bgerebis, aTasgvari dajgufe-
bisa Tu logikuri gadaadgilebis Sedegad, axali mTlianoba
aRebeWda mexsierebas da Semdeg scenaze gadaetana cincxali
gamosaxvis saSualebebiT. sanaxaobis mTliani vizualur-verba-
luri gadawyveta, Strixebi Tu niuansebi, msaxiobebis saqcielTa
rigi, qceva, plastika, laparakis manera, ganaTebisa Tu deko-
raciis detalebi saTaves iRebda im `uZiro qvevridan~, bunebis
mSveniereba rom qmnis. amasac TeatrisTvis iqmoda, misTvis ir-
jeboda dauRalavad.
mis pirad arqivSi wavawydi aseT Canawers: `fesvebis Zebni-
sas yovelTvis vekiTxebi sakuTar Tavs _ ras magonebs esa Tu
is fesvi: kacs, qals, frinvels, raRac moZraobas, sxeulis
Semobrunebas, masSi cxovrebas, ufro sworad, cxovrebis
gamoxatulebas veZeb. rodesac scenas vagebT, ratomRac es
ubralo WeSmariteba gvaviwydeba da nacvlad imisa, rom cxov-
rebis arsisken miviswrafvodeT, `msaxiobobanasa~ da manWva-
grexis uRran tyeSi, junglebSi miveqanebiT. es namdvili
Teatris daRupvaa. ara, Teatri, Tundac yvelaze pirobiTi,
cxovrebas unda `hgavdes~. cxovreba aris cxovreba, mas Tavisi
kanonebi aqvs.
aqvs.

17
 maradi berika

meores mxriv, zogjer iseTi fesvic mi povnia, fotografi-

uli sizustiT rom hgavda raimes (Cits, irems da a.S.), aseTi
`qandakeba~ sixaruls ar mgvrida. gamqrali iyo Tavad fesvis
buneba da rCeboda Citi, romelic aravis sWirdeboda. ufro
metad mimsgavseba, rom cotaTi `gaauToo~, raRac waaTalo,
raRac amokveTo, gaaprialo _ saSineleba gamova, maSin ukve
fituls daemsgavseba. maSin ara sjobs, ubralod fituli
aiRo, es xom xelovneba ar aris. Teatri unda rCebodes Te-
atrad, pirobiT samyarod, magram, cxovrebis kanonebis mixed-
viT iyos marTali~.
Tavad bunebasTan urTierTobiT xsnida sakuTari fantaziiT
Seqmnili Teatris arss da Taviseburi `kanonis~ saxiT aya-
libebda mignebebs.
miuxedavad imisa, rom bunebaSi `gaWra~, quCaSi seirnoba,
axloblebTan da studentebTan urTierToba Zalian moswonda,
mxolod TeatrSi grZnobda Tavs bednierad da laRad. mxolod
aq ganerideboda yoveldRiurobis mowyenilobas, epoqis susxs,
oponentTa qronikul sisastikes da TavdaviwyebiT miecemoda
xolme SeTxzvis romantikul gaxelebas, aq poulobda Tavisu-
flebis unikalur gancdas. batoni miSa Tavisuflebis trfi-
ali gaxldaT, Sinaganad Tavisufali pirovneba iyo, reJimis
marwuxebisa da represiebiT gamowveuli SiSis miuxedavad.
TavisTavad, metad saxaliso da mSvenieri gaxldaT misi Si-
nagani brZola SiSiT warmoqmnil ZrwolasTan. am brZolaSi
pirovneba _ xelovani imarjvebda. es Sinagani orTabrZolac,
es gamarjvebac TeatrisTvis sWirdeboda.
Teatri iyo misi brZolis veli, sadac SeeZlo, mkacri
kontrolis gareSe, unapiro fantaziiT gamoesaxa sakuTari
SegrZnebebi da fiqrebi, ideebi da ocnebebi; sadac SeeZlo,
usazRvrod aRtkinebuls, ise daejgufebina `saomari Zala da
teqnika~, rom mxedarTmTavris SeupovrobiTa da ostatobiT
aRtacebaSi moeyvana mTeli misi `armia~ _ artistebi, mxatv-
rebi, kompozitorebi, scenis muSebi, gamnaTeblebi, radistebi,
butaforebi, asistentebi, teqnikuri reJisorebi da bolos _
mayureblebi.
batoni miSa, yofaSi mouxerxebeli da umweo, TeatrSi

18
 naTela arvelaZe

umal gardaiqmneboda yovlisSemZle saWeTmpyrobelad. am sao-

cari gardasaxvis niWiT uxvad daajildova gangebam da, uTuod,
daanaTla sagangebo misiis Sesrulebis unaric: Cvens sinamd-
vileSi, is qarTul Teatrs bibliur mosed moevlina, mTeli
Taobebi miiyvana `aRTqmul miwasTan~, WeSmariti Teatraluri
TamaSis karibWesTan, am karibWis miRma ki mTeli samyaro
gveloda...
is, sulieri konstituciiT, aristokrati gaxldaT, cxov-
rebis formiT _ demokrati, azrovnebis sistemiT _ maradi mez-
Rapre, Teatraluri TaobebisTvis _ gamorCeuli metri. Cvens
saTeatro cxovrebaSi `Tavisufali vetos uflebiT~ sarge-
blobda, radganac WeSmariti profesionali gaxldaT, Tanac
Seuvali da ukompromiso. mtkice nebisyofiT gamorCeuls, rac
ar swamda, ar ekadreboda, ver gaakeTebinebdi.
is Teatraluri TamaSis eniT gamoxatavda epoqis su-
liskveTebas, am viTarebiT aRmocenebul sakuTar msoflmxed-
velobas, erovnuli kulturisa da Tanamedrove saTeatro idea-
Ta miRwevebs. misi speqtaklebi icavdnen umTavres Rirebulebebs,
pirovnul Rirsebasa da adamianis uflebas sakuTari mrwamsis
damkvidrebisaTvis, anu rogorc Tavad lakonurad aRniSna: `me
vicav yoveli
yoveli drois antigones
antigones,, yoveli drois kreontisagan~
(man am sityvebiT daasrula gamosvla `antigones~ `gasinjvis~
Semdeg, roca mas daupirispirdnen kulturis saministrosa da
partiis centraluri komitetis warmomadgenlebi).
misi speqtaklebi, Teatraluri feradovnebiT im Soreuli
berikebis saxilvelsac gvaxsenebdnen, TavSeqceviT rom ar-
Tobdnen da moZRvravdnen mayurebels; amasTanave, gvaxsenebdnen
samoedno Teatris gaxsnilobis siTamames, sakaro Teatre-
bis gamokveTil simwyobres, saeklesio sanaxaobaTa sakraluri
ritualis idumalebasac; da kidev, migvaniSnebdnen mudmivmoqme-
di qarTuli Teatris saSemsruleblo kulturis monapovarzec.
am TvisebaTa erTobliobiT qmnida igi scenaze `cxovrebiseul
nakads~, moulodnelad dabadebuli axali mTlianobis harmo-
nias, anu rogorc Tavad aRniSnavda: `uwesrigobidan wesrigi
gamoiyvano _ mTavaric esaa!~
saTeatro TamaSis TavSesaqcevi sifaqize, ironiis simsu-

19
 maradi berika

buqe, azris simaxvile dahyveboda mis speqtaklebs: `espanel

mRvdels~, `filosofiis doqtors~, `WinWraqas~, `bakulas
Rorebs~, `don Juans~, `zafxulis Ramis sizmars~, sadac
meufebda maradiuli berikobis dResaswauli.
adamianis xvedrze dafiqrebuli inteleqtualis mrwamsi
da zusti azrobrivi partitura aerTianebda mis speqtaklebs:
`adamianebo, iyaviT fxizlad!~ `ambavi siyvarulisa~, `zRvis
Svilebi~, `gvadi bigva~, `mefe liri~, `fedra~, `iulius kei-
sari~, sadac sakaro Teatris niSan-Tvisebani simwyobriT war-
moaCendnen grZnobaTa duRilisa da misi gamosaxvis formaTa
harmoniisaken swrafvas.
sakraluri Teatris idumaleba SeigrZnoboda mis speqtak-
lebSi: `roca aseTi siyvarulia~, `antigone~, `Cveni patara
qalaqi~, `amfitrioni-38~, sadac mouxelTebeli Sinagani
cvlilebebi sulTqmasaviT krTodnen natifad Camoqnil sasceno
qmedebaSi.

***
am gadasaxedidan SedarebiT naTlad ikveTeba gasuli as-
wleulis saTeatro cxovreba, misi monapovari. aq gansakuTre-
buli mniSvnelobiT gamoirCeva erovnuli reJisoruli Teatri,
romlis gulisgulSia aRmocenebuli TumaniSvilis skola.
mixeil TumaniSvilis moRvaweobis samive saxeoba _ reJisura,
pedagogika, Teoriuli gansjani, am skolis safuZvelia. esec
aris qarTuli Teatris SenaZeni da misi simdidre.
XX saukune mdidaria masStaburi aRmoCenebiT, zust Tu
humanitarul mecnierebaTa, teqnikis miRwevebiT, romelTac ga-
navrces saerTod saazrovno sivrcis horizonti. aseve, mdida-
ria sasceno Semoqmedebac. epoqis niSandobliobaa axali saTe-
atro ideebis aRmocenebac, studiuri moZraobac, gansxvavebuli
Teatrebis dabadebac. am niSniT gamoirCeva qarTuli Teatric.
mixeil TumaniSvilis samsaxeobrivi moRvaweobis roli metad
sagulisxmoa aRniSnuli periodis, Tanamedrove da momavlis
saTeatro cxovrebisaTvis.

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 naTela arvelaZe

gza adamianis sulisaken

m ixeil TumaniSvilma, rogorc ukve mivuTiTe, Tavisi

speqtaklebiT, rusTavelis Teatris SemoqmedebiTi
feriscvaleba moaxdina, amgvari cvlileba manamde orjer
moxda. mudmivmoqmedi qarTuli Teatris bazaze aRmocene-
bulma qveynis pirvelma Teatrma, kote marjaniSvilisa da
aleqsandre axmetelis moRvaweobiT, orjer icvala saxe.
winamdgomTa tradicia gaagrZela mixeil TumaniSvilma da
erovnuli reJisoruli Teatris Seuqcevadi ganviTarebis
axali faza warmoqmna. misma Segirdma, robert sturuam, kvlav
axali dinebiT ganavrco am Teatris xelovneba da ase, Tanda-
Tan, logikurad gamoikveTa misi umTavresi tradicia _ mar-
ad ganaxlebisaTvis mzadyofna. aRniSnuli reJisori-liderebi
rusTavelis Teatris saxecvlilebaTa avtorebi arian.
Tavisi moRvaweobiT, mixeil TumaniSvilma sruliad naTlad
warmoaCina, rom reJisori axali mTlianobis _ speqtaklis
Semqmnelia, man damdgmelis funqcia dramaturgis mier SeTx-
zuli ambis interpretaciis procesSi kidev ufro gamokveTa,
gazarda da gaaRrmava. amdenad, reJisors ganesazRvra sasceno
ambis, anu axali mTlinobis Tavisufali interpretatoris,
suverenuli Semoqmedis statusi. man reJisura gamoixsna drama-
turgiis qveSevrdomis mdgomareobidan da ganumyara speqtaklis
avtoris statusi. robert sturuam axali ZaliTa da TvisebiT
warmoaCina sareJisoro xelovnebis es umniSvnelovanesi niSani.
aseT niadagze amoizarda qarTvel xelovanTa axali Taoba.
maT ukve am Tvalsazrisis gatarebisaTvis iseTi winaaRmde-
goba aRar SexvedriaT, rogorc TumaniSvilsa da sturuas.
mixeil TumaniSvili am mxrivac gzis gamkvalavi aRmoCnda. man
mravalmxriv Seamzada Teatraluri sazogadoebrioba, gansa-
kuTrebiT ki, misi Tavgadakluli oponentebi da mayurebelTa
farTo speqtri im cvlilebebisaTvis, rac damaxasiaTebeli
aRmoCnda gasuli saukunis II naxevrisTvis, umeteswilad ki

21
 maradi berika

_ bolo meoTxedisaTvis. man myarad aago `asafreni biliki~,

raTa sasceno navardi gaadvilebodaT mis axalgazrda Segir-
debs, mis momaval kolegebs.
rusTavelis Teatris feriscvaleba, misi xelovnebis Sina-
gani `afeTqeba~ epoqis moTxovnaTa Sesabamisad mimdinareobda.
rusTavelis Teatris pompezuri, grandiozuli, oficiozis
yalibze `Camosxmuli fasadi~ da fsevdosimarTlis qadageba
fsevdoheroikuli formiT, istoriis kulisebSi rCeboda. mis
adgils sulis ganmwmendi ritualisa da marTal grZnobaTa
bunebis, faqizi da mTrTolvare TamaSis harmonia ikavebda.
meore msoflio omis gamocdilebam ara marto saxelmwi-
foTa axali urTierTobis, msoflio wesrigisa da teritoriis
gadanawilebis moulodneli formebi warmoqmna, aramed axali
realobis winaSe aRmoCenili adamiani da sociumi arCevanis wi-
naSec daayena. TiToeul adamians pirovnuli pasuxismgeblobis
jvari unda etvirTa istoriuli movlenebis winaSe. gmiric
da Cveulebrivi mokvdavic, lideric da xalxic im uRelSi
erToblivad iyvnen Sebmulni, rasac kacobriobis xvalindeli
dRe erqva da, rac maTi Tanaxmieri moqmedebiT, uwinaresad,
demokratiuli institutebis upirobo damkvidreba_gaZliere-
bas gulisxmobda. ubralod, liderebisa da xalxis xvedriTi
wona iyo gansxvavebuli am axali da aranakleb sapasuxismgeb-
lo brZolis procesSi. mixeil TumaniSvilma iseve, rogorc
kacobriobis inteleqtualurma nawilma, upirvelesad es
gamocdileba gamoiyola milionobiT adamianTa xocva-Jletis
Tu sakoncentracio banakebis sisastikis, ngrevisa da fsiqi-
kis moSlis im masStaburi kataklizmebidan, risi momswreni,
TviTmxilvelni, monawileni da monaTxrobis gamziarebelni
aRmovCndiT TiToeuli Cvengani, omis uSualo monawilenica da
zurgSi myofnic.
aseTi suliskveTebiT aRvsili TumaniSvili, amgvari pozici-
is gamoxatvas cdilobda scenaze uSualobiTa da gulwrfeli
gandobis saxieri formiT. ori aTeuli wlis manZilze is uRr-
mavdeboda lidersac, sociumsac, agreTve, e.w. `patara adami-

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ansac~, anu `Cveulebriv mokvdavsac~, raTa sasceno ficarnagze

warmoeCina maTi Tanacxovrebis rTuli peri petiebi, farTo
panoramiTa da ganzogadoebiT eCvenebina maTi miswrafebani, im-
pulsuri saqcielica da gamiznuli moqmedebac. reJisori sa-
gangebo intimis atmosferoTi cdilobda daefiqrebina mayure-
beli umTavres Rirebulebebze, im reJimis calkeul aspeq-
tze, romlis aSkara kritika jer kidev SeuZlebeli gaxldaT
ideologiuri wnexisa da gamalebuli, zombirebuli agitaciis
pirobebSi. `tariel golua~ da `saqmiani kaci~, `filosofiis
doqtori~, `darispanis gasaWiri~, `ambavi siyvarulisa~, `ir-
kutskis istoria~, `zRvis Svilebi~, `sastumros diasaxlisi~,
es svla `antigones~ dadgmiT dasrulda, rasac win uswrebda
`mefe liri~ (1966 weli) da `gvadi bigva~ (1967 weli).
es ori warmodgena erTgvari Sefasebac gaxldaT im grZe-
li gzisa, sadac cvioviCebis, darispanebis, qaTamaZeebis, boco
da guram kalandaZeebis, mirandolinebisa Tu ri pafratebis
yofa Cakarguli gaxldaT istoriuli mniSvnelobis oromtri-
alSi. maTi dacemisa Tu aRzevebis uCveulo wamisyofis Cven-
ebiT, zneobrivi simrTelisa Tu moraluri dakninebis warmo-
CeniT iSleboda adamianTa Tanacxovrebis mrvalferovani mo-
zaika. lirisa da gvadis sulieri SeWirvebis ambavi, wlebis
manZilze Wreli, mouwyobeli, auwyobeli Tanacxovrebis safi-
nalo akordad aRiqmeba.
Seqspiris `mefe liris~ da leo qiaCelis `gvadi bigvas~
dadgma, Cemi azriT, reJisoris ZiebaTa erTi aspeqtiTac iZens
mniSvnelobas, erTgvar dialogadac SeiZleba miviCnioT Tumani-
Svilis SemoqmedebaSi. WeSmaritebas moklebuli ar unda iyos,
Tu am or warmodgenas vuwodebT `brandisa da per giuntis~
dialog-paeqrobas. maTi poziciis, msoflmxedvelobis, cxov-
rebis wesisa Tu azrovnebis sistemis dapirispireba naTlad
warmoaCens ori gansxvavebuli adamianuri samyaros arsebobis
faqts da maTs SeuTavseblobas.
liri gamorCeuli pirovnebaa. gvadi _ Cveulebrivi mokv-
davi (e.w. `pataraa damiani~). liri aSenebs sakuTar Targze

23
 maradi berika

gamoWril saxelmwifos, demiurgis rangSi warmoaCens sakuTar

personas, is qmnis morCil qveSevrdomTa sasaxlis kars, soci-
umi misi mxedvelobis aredan gasulia, misTvis masa sazarbazne
xorcia mxolod. liri borgavs, boboqrobs, grgvinavs, misi
nebiTa da ZalovanebiT iryeva da ingreva is samyaro, romlis
centrs Tavad warmoadgens. es statusi lirma Tavad ganusa-
zRvra sakuTar personas. gvadi _ patara adamianuri sawux-
ariT mxolod arsebobs drois garkveul monakveTSi. erTSic
da meoreSic, bolos iRviZebs Sinagani xma _ liri adamianad,
yovlismxedvel da mravlisgadamtan adamianad yalibdeba, gva-
di bigvaSi iRviZebs protestis Zala. es, Tu SeiZleba iTq-
vas, bednieri Semobruneba personaJTa biografiaSi, mwerluri
didaqtikis nayofi ufroa, vidre realobisaTvis agrerigad
damaxasiaTebeli niSani. es calke msjelobis sagania. erTi ki
faqtia, brandica da per giuntic, lirica da gvadi bigvac re-
alobidan aRmocenebuli adamianuri samyaroa, romlis Seswavla,
analizi, Semecneba da warmosaxva, cxovrebis paradoqsulobisa
da nairgvarobis faqti movlenad warmoCndeba mwerlis mxatv-
ruli xilvebis SemweobiT. aseve, sasceno movlenis faqtad
gardaiqmneba reJisoruli interpretaciis Sedegad. cxovreba-
Sic ase Tanaarseboben ukompromiso, Zlieri pirovnebebi (es
iSviaTobaa) da kompromisuli adamianebi. Tavad maTi Tanaarse-
bobaa saintereso Seswavlis obieqti. ar aris gamoricxuli
da SesaZlebelia vivaraudoT, rom am Tanacxovrebis Semecneba-
interpretaciis gamoxatulebadac hqonda Cafiqrebuli baton
miSas es ori speqtakli. es gza _ arsebuli viTarebis Semecne-
bisa da intensiuri reJisoruli Ziebisa, Jan anuis `antigones~
interpretaciiT dagvirgvinda (aleqsandre CxaiZis `xidi~ am
konstruqciis Tanamedrove yofaSi `gadmonergvis~ faqtad Sei-
Zleba vivaraudoT, 1970 weli).
imisaTvis, rom sasceno ficarnagze mniSvnelovnad war-
moeCina adamiani _ gmiri, adamiani _ Cveulebrivi mokvdavi,
maTi Tanacxovrebis rTuli konfliqtebi, mixeil TumaniSvilma
Semecneba _ gansaxierebis upirveles obieqtad SearCia jer

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 naTela arvelaZe

Cveulebriv mokvdavTa, sociumis cxovrebis formaTa, adami-

anur sisusteTa, zneobisa da sulieri cxovrebis kardiogra-
maTa warmosaxva, raTa Semdgom adamiani _ sociumi _ saxelm-
wifo, es sistema gaeazrebina da gamoesaxa farTo panoramiTa
da Sinagani ryevebiT. am procesis Cveneba ukve iTxovda namdvil,
maRal literaturas. `antigone~, `fedra~, `iulius keisari~
_ am Temis variaciad SeiZleba vigulisxmoT. inteleqtualuri
drama _ arCevanis problemiTa da piradi pasuxismgeblobis
SegrZnebiT; klasicisturi drama _ movaleobisa da grZnobis
WidiliT; Seqspiris tragedia _ demiurgisa da masis urTi-
erTobaTa CvenebiT, respublikuri ideebis kraxiTa da masis
impulsur qcevaTa warmoCeniT _ emsaxureboda erT mizans:
saxelmwifoebrivad mniSvnelovan problemebze daefiqrebina
mayurebeli.
Cemi fiqriT, aseTi Sinagani logikiT mimdinareobda mixe-
il TumaniSvilis moRvaweoba rusTavelis TeatrSi, romel-
ic iseve xelovnurad Sewyda, rogorc misi winamorbedebisa.
metad mrisxane aRmoCnda oponentTa revanSi. baton miSas erTi
dRec ar ucxovria mSvidad, erTi speqtaklic ki ar daudgams
rusTavelis TeatrSi daZabuli Semotevebis an oponentTa ji-
briani dumilis gareSe.
im periodis presa mwvave polemikuri statiebiT ilaSqreb-
da mixeil TumaniSvilis winaaRmdeg, radganac mas miiCnevdnen
rusTavelis Teatris gmirul-romantikuli tradiciis daman-
grevel reJisorad, mis Ziebebs ki aRiarebdnen saerTod erovnu-
li kulturis tradiciisagan gaucxoebul saTeatro esTeti-
kis gamomxatvelad. 1962-1971 wlebi kritikosTa, kulturis
saministros Cinovnikebisa da sazogadoebis nawilis zepiri Tu
werilobiTi dasmenebis, kritikuli statiebis, faruli Tu
aSkara Tavdasxmebis foniT mimdinareobda. mixeil TumaniSvili
rusTavelis Teatridan wavida. adamiani _ sociumi _ saxelm-
wifo, es Tema Semdgom robert sturuam gaagrZela. am Temis
variacias warmoadgenda Temur CxeiZis speqtaklebic (`guSin-
delni~, `moulodneli stumari~ `qalis tvirTi~, 1971-1977

25
 maradi berika

wlebi), magram mas maleve marjaniSvilis Teatris samxatvro

xelmZRvanelis posti SesTavazes.
gavida dro. vnebaTaRelva dacxra. sruliad naTlad gamo-
ikveTa mosazreba imis Taobaze, rom rusTavelis Teatris
umTavresi tradicia marad ganaxlebisken swrafvaa, xolo
miTiTebuli periodis Teatraluri peri petiebi, umeteswilad
(mcire gamonaklisis garda!), kritikosTa ambiciurobis, pi-
radi angariSsworebis, SexedulebaTa SeuTavseblobis, per-
speqtivis daunaxaobis mizeziT SeiZleba aixsnas.
mixeil TumaniSvilis mier (Tanamoazre `SvidkacasTan~
da Tavisi Taobis warmomadgenlebTan erTad) rusTavelis
Teatris mxatvruli princi pebis gamokveTa, mniSvnelovania
kidev erTi aspeqtiTac. Ees dasi TiTqmis ori aTeuli wlis
manZilze (1935-1954) oficiozis xeldasmul gundad moi-
azreboda. sandro axmetelis represiis Semdgomi periodi,
ori msaxiob _ varskvlavis winamZRolobiT arsebuli Semoq-
medebiTi cxovreba oficiozis gegmazomieri zedamxedvelobiT
mimdinareobda. qveynis pirveli Teatri Tvinierad asrulebda
partiis centraluri komitetis dakveTas da sruliad bune-
brivia, rom amgvari viTarebis Secvala ufro mets niSnavda,
vidre saTeatro esTetikis feriscvalebas. sabWoTa saxelmwi-
foebriv institutTa (Tundac erTis) saxecvlilebis daSveba
niSnavda im totis Semoryevas, romelic Cakirul tanze iyo
mkvidrad gamosxmuli da mianiSnebda, rom dialeqtikis kanoni
TviT socialistur respublikaTa `urRvev kavSirzec~ gavr-
celdeboda, anu mianiSnebda cvlilebaTa Seuqcevadi proce-
sis moqmedebas saazrovno sivrcis sxva ubanzec. asec moxda.
Tu Tvals gadavavlebT amave periodis saliteraturo sar-
bielze gamosul axalgazrda mweralTa Semoqmedebas, Jurnal
`ciskarSi~ dabeWdil, Tundac, guram rCeuliSvilis prozas,
Tengiz mirzaSvilisa da zurab niJaraZis mxatvrobas, sxvaTa
qmnilebebs, ukve naTeli xdeba, rom pompezur, `akademiur~
stils enacvleba adamianis SeWirvebis, misi Sinagani samyaros
vibraciis, sulieri cxovrebis warmoCena.

26
 naTela arvelaZe

mixeil TumaniSvilma, rogorc sajarod gaTamaSebul xe-

lovnebiseul qmnilebaTa avtorma, cvlilebaTa SesaZleblo-
ba, aucilebloba da perspeqtiva daanaxa sazogadoebas. misi
speqtakli, `adamianebo, iyaviT fxizlad! ~ (1951 weli) ara
marto warmatebuli dadgma gaxldaT da erTi Teatris isto-
riisaTvis iZenda mniSvnelobas, aramed epoqis suliskveTe-
bis gamoZaxili da gardaqmnaTa mauwyebeli aRmoCnda. mixeil
TumaniSvili gzis gamkvalavTa Sorisaa da bunebrivia, rom
farisevelTa Tavdasxmac, qilikic, mZvinvarebac mTeli ZaliT
iwvnia. cvlilebaTa winaSe ZrwoliT aRvsilma, moulodnel
gardaqmnaTa moSiSarma, Tundac, Teatraluri sazogadoebrio-
bis nawilma, misi siTamame da profesiuli aqtiuroba miiRes,
rogorc gamowveva, mkrexeloba da Cvevadqceul mosazrebaTa,
SexedulebaTa, miswrafebaTa Tavdayira dayenebis mcdeloba.
gardaqmnaTa miRebisaTvis isini mzad ar aRmoCndnen.
im periodisaTvis sabWoTa kavSiri, miuxedavad reJimis
TandaTanobiTi Sesustebisa, jer kidev `Caketili sazoga-
doeba~ gaxldaT. msoflio saTeatro xelovnebisaTvis dama-
xasiaTebeli procesis Taobaze informacia metismetad nela
Jonavda. magram scenis ostatebi gumaniT agnebdnen gamosaxvis
Tanamedrove formebs, im tendencias, rac agrerigad damaxasi-
aTebeli iyo meore msoflio omis Semdgomi periodis xelovne-
bisaTvis. ra Tqma unda, ar mimaCnia, rom aRniSnuli periodis
sasceno Semoqmedebas meqanikurad unda gadmoeRo dasavleTis
an aRmosavleTis Teatrebis Ziebani. saWiro iyo momZlavrebul
tendenciaTa gacnoba, mignebaTa Semecnebis Sedegad, sakuTar
ZiebaTa radiusis ganvrcoba, perspeqtivis moniSvna, anu am
procesisaTvis damaxasiaTebel niSanTa gaazrebiT, Tundac ga-
ziarebiT an kamaTiT, axali horizontis aRmoCena, gamosaxvis
formaTa daxvewa-ganviTareba, sakuTar mignebaTa eqsportic.
70-iani wlebisaTvis ukve inergeba sazRvargareTuli dase-
bis sagastrolo turne da ucxoeTSi erovnuli saTeatro
xelovnebis miRwevaTa demonstracia. `rkinis farda~ infor-
maciis moZalebisagan veRar icavs sabWoTa kavSirs, ideologi-

27
 maradi berika

uri wnexic Sesustebuli Cans, magram `ideologiuri mamebis~

Zalisxmeva _ gadaarCinon reJimi da ar dauSvan arsebuli wyo-
bis maradiulobis miTSi bzaris gaCena imdenad fesvgadgmuli
poziciaa, rom inerciiT inarCunebs damTrgunav Zalovanebas.
is Tavis `sameTvalyureo posts~ ar Tmobs, SiSi Zveleburad
mZlavrobs, SiSi adamianebs warsulis represiebisaken axedebs.
reJimi Sesustebulia, magram meqanikurad mainc mZlavrobs
SiSi. Zalze mniSvnelovan movlenad mesaxeba amerikis SeerTe-
buli Statebis prezidentis, Teodor ruzveltis mimarTva
xalxisadmi: `amerikelebo, geSinodeT SiSis!~
paralelurad, disidenturi moZraoba Zlierdeba. sabWoTa
kavSiri, rogorc `mSvidobis sadarajoze~ myofi zesaxelm-
wifo, SigniTa Tu gareT kritikis obieqti xdeba. informa-
cia ucxoel saxelmwifoTa ekonomikur, socialur-politikur
da kulturis doneze imperiis kritikul muxts aZlierebs.
sabWoTa kavSiris uZlevelobis miTi kvarcxlbekidan mosro-
lilia! reJimisadmi negatiuri ganwyoba, paraboluri formiT
kritika sasceno xelovnebisaTvis niSandoblivi movlena xdeba.
rusTavelis Teatri mowinaveTa Sorisaa Tavisi maRali sasceno
kulturiT, princi pebiTa da ZiebebiT. moskovsa da ucxoeTs
warmatebuli gastrolebis miuxedavad, rusTavelis Teatri
mainc rCeba oponentTa mkacri Sefasebis obieqtad. mixeil Tu-
maniSvilisa da robert sturuas reJisoruli princi pebis mi-
marT `Semwynarebloba~ ar etyoba saTeatro kritikosTa nawils,
maTi dapirispireba kvlav inarCunebs prioritets mimdinare
saTeatro cxovrebis analizis dros, Teatris wamyvani reJisu-
ra kvlav agrZelebs Ziebas da warmatebul mignebaTa SemweobiT
cdilobs Caacxros oponentTa mrisxaneba, magram amaod...
Tu CavuRrmavdebiT am dros ganxorcielebul speqtaklebs,
naTeli gaxdeba, rom batonma miSam sasceno mezRapris niWiTa da
sisxartiT, `sibrZne-sicruisas~ horizonti dauaxlova mayure-
bels, man SeuZleblis SesaZleblad daSvebis aucileblobac
gamokveTa, amiT ki Tavad sasceno Txrobas mianiWa cincxali
iluzorulobis gancdaca da realobis distanciuri Sefasebis

28
 naTela arvelaZe

gabedulebac. oRond isaa, Sokis momgvreli zemoqmedebisaken

mimaval gzaze (robert sturuas momaval Ziebebs vgulisxmob),
isev Seecada harmoniisadmi, silazaTisa da simSvenierebisadmi
nostalgiac mZafrad ganecada mayurebels. mixeil TumaniSvili
bolomde Tavisi princi pebis erTguli darCa.
man saocrebaTa planeta _ Teatri naTeli sxiviT gaanaTa,
qarTvel berikaTa dResaswaulis mcxunvareba gvagrZnobina da
gulwrfelad iqadaga pirovnuli pasuxismgeblobiT, sulieri
amaRlebiT, siyvarulis yovlismomcveli grZnobiT gawonas-
worebuli sacxovrisis Seqmnisadmi miswrafebaTa mniSvnelo-
ba. amgvar xelovnebaze aRizardnen, Camoyalibdnen da dafr-
Tiandnen Taobebi, romelTac gaacnobieres sasceno `sibrZne-
sicruisas~ xibli, isic SeiTvises, rom adamianze Rirebuli,
marad amouxsneli da Znelad Sesacnobi, magram mainc saocrad
momxibvleli araferi Seqmnila dedamiwis zurgze. amitomac
SesaZlebelia iTqvas, rom batoni miSas Semoqmedeba diTiram-
bia adamianisa adamianze, sadidebelia siyvarulisa da sikeTis
saswaulmoqmedebaze, xotbaa pirvelqmnili harmoniis mimarT.
mixeil TumaniSvilis speqtaklebma sasceno ficarnagis
kvarcxlbekze adamiani aRamaRles. misi dadgmebis ZiriTadi
melodia agebulia `adamianis gulis Widilze~ sakuTar TavTan
(folkneri), Sinagan paeqrobaze, sisustis gamovlenis daZ-
levaze, Sinagan SeZaxilze. amitomac, SesaZlebelia misi xe-
lovneba aRviqvaT adamianis sulisaken mimaval gzad. xelovanma
sulierebiT cxovrebis sidiade iqadaga da, TiTqos, sulis
ganmwmendi rituali Caatara Tavis erTgul mrevlTan erTad.
pragmatuli miswrafebebiT gaZeZgil samyaroSi, raindTa uka-
naskneli mohikanis msgavsad, Tavs swiravda dulcineas, anu
scenis siyvarulisTvis! pirovnebaTa gadaSenebas pirad ube-
durebad aRiqvamda da amitomac icavda pirovnebis Tavisufali
nebis gamovlinebas, nebismieri saxis tiraniis winaaRmdeg am-
xedrebuls, surda sikeTis kalTa gadaefarebina simartovi-
saTvis ganwiruli adamianisaTvis, cdilobda gadaerCina `yovel
adamianSi mocarti!~ (egziuperi).

29
 maradi berika

Semoqmedis mxatvruli azrovnebis struqtura naTlad,

yovelgvari xelovnuri efeqtebis gareSe, zneobriobis Seuva-
lobas warmoaCenda, rogorc yofierebis dinamikis saxsarsa
da dvritas. garegnuli, sxeulebrivi silazaTe mianiSnebda
sulieri silamazis arssa da masStabs, rac axali mTlianobis,
axali sicocxlis arsebobas ganapirobebda da mianiSnebda.
batoni miSa yovel diliT, fiqrebSi danTqmuli, martod-
marto miuyveboda gzas Teatrisaken, miiCqaroda repeticiaze,
raTa siyvarulisa da Rirsebis mSveniereba eqadaga, raTa Cae-
tarebina simarTlis msaxurebis rituali. misTvis artisti am
ritualis, am sasceno zRapris, sasceno Txrobis mTavari feri,
simi, bgeraa! aq misi speqtaklebis am umTavres melodias gavix-
seneb, raTa kidev erTxel moefinos naTeli keTili Semoqmedis
xelovnebiseul princi pebs.

***

xSirad mifiqria, mainc ra iyo misi speqtaklebis mTavari

Tema, ZiriTadi melodia, SemakavSirebeli RerZi, protagonisti
misi xilvebisa da SeTxzvis idumalebisa? mainc ra iyo is
jadosnuri sityva, misi sulis yvela dagmanul karibWes rom
xsnida da iqidan ulevad ifrqveoda niWi, ostatoba, gamocdileba,
gamWriaxoba, imedianoba? mainc ra iyo is grZneuli vneba,
SamaniviT rom eufleboda mTels darbazs, misnuri SarbaTiviT
agulianebda, Sinagani gznebiT hkravda scenasa da darbazs?
mainc ra iyo es misnuri `sezam~? Seucdomlad SeiZleba iTqvas,
rom es Tema, melodia, sityva, vneba _ siyvarulia! mixeil
TumaniSvili mSvenieri, Rirseuli, amaRlebuli mijnuri,
trfobis zegardmo niWiT dajildoebuli raindi da natifi,
amaRelvebeli aSiki gaxldaT. mas ganuzomlad, usaSvelod,
gaxelebiT uyvarda sicocxle, adamiani, Teatri!

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 naTela arvelaZe

mainc miyvars...

s icocxle. batoni miSa sicocxles miiCnevda saocar,

gamaognebel, `xelixel sagogmanebel~ zegardmo jil-
dod (sxva yoveli amqveyniuri jildo, Cini, medali, ordeni,
premia ar miaCnda `arca Cirad!~) Sehxaroda mis moulodnel,
Tundac Wirveul cvalebadobas, idumalebas, xelgaSlilobas!
sicocxle uyvarda ganuzomlad, sazeimo ganwyobiT, gonisa da
grZnobis erTianobiT.
uTuod, am ukidegano vnebam SeaZlebina jer kidev umwifar
yrmas gaeZlo omis usastikesi gamowvevisaTvis, tyviis setyvas
gadarCenils, gumaniT samSvidobos gaeRwia; saxeldaxelod
gamzadebul TxrilSi mjdomi gadarCenoda TviTmfrinavebis zu-
zunsa da tyviamfrqvevebis kakans, cxenze amxedrebuls gaerR-
via alya da daniSnul adgils mietana pataki; orjer daeRwia
Tavi tyveobisagan; daWrils hospitlamde mieRwia, omSi daa-
vadebuls mZime senisgan daexsna Tavi... Semdeg, ukve gamoCenil
scenis ostats, usamarTlo Tavdasxmebi gonieri gamosvlebiTa
da naTeli speqtaklebiT moegeriebina, umkacresi reJimis pi-
robebSi `gadaerCina mocarti~ sakuTar sulSi, ar gaboro-
tebuliyo, SurisZiebisaTvis ar gadaekla Tavi. did kosmiur
sivrceSi SeubRalavi sindisiT mSvenieri, natifi, myudro mik-
rosamyaro Seeqmna. iq dabanakebulma SesZlo saidumlo sasceno
serobis wminda wuTebis ziarebisTvis Semoekriba erTguli
mociqulebi da ase gascloda momqancvel liqnsa da balRams,
damangrevel pragmatizmsa da nacrisfer yoveldRiurobas. iq
SeRweva mxolod misTvis axlobel Tanamoazreebs SeeZloT, fa-
risevelni miuRebelni iyvnen! Tumca, maT arc am simyudrovis
xibli da fasi icodnen!
am Snoian samyofelSi konkretul saxes iRebdnen misi
natifi xilvebi, asociaciebi, zmanebebi... maTi kombinaciebi,
aTasgvari figurebi, sqemebi, modelebi... iqmneboda maTi jer
qaoturi uwesrigoba, mere ki mowesrigebuli dinamika, anu

31
 maradi berika

rogorc Tavad ambobda: `improvizacia pirvel Semoqmedebasavi-

Taa. uwesrigobidan wesrigi gamoiyvano _ mTavari esaa!~ (”axla
ki, farda!”, gv.119)
is cdilobda mignebuli, zogjer amorfuli, abstraqtuli,
zogjer cxadze ucxadesad konkretuli figurebi, ganwyoba,
vnebaTaRelva, cxovrebasaviT nairferi, azvirTebuli, ga-
wonasworebuli realur-irealuri samyaro Seetana `saTamaSo
saxlis~ karibWeSi, raTa am taZris ambionidan sicocxlisa da
adamianis siyvaruli, usaSvelo trfobis didebuleba eqadaga,
urwmunoTa moqceva SesZleboda, mociqulTa ricxvi ganevrco
da rwmena aRemaRlebina.

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 naTela arvelaZe

adamianebo, me Tqven miyvarxarT!

a damiani batoni miSa adamians afasebda, rogorc bunebis

damiani.
gvirgvins, saocar gamonaTebas, bednier aucileblobas,
xelTuqmnel qandakebas. gaognebuli da aRtacebuli gaxldaT
adamianis SesaZleblobaTa masStabiT, bolomde Seucnobeli
da amouxsneli Sinagani samyaroTi, azrisa da fantaziis gran-
diozulobiT, aRfrTovanebuli iyo adamianis gonis miRwevebiT,
amayobda imiT, rac adamianma gamoigona, aRmoaCina, Seqmna, Sec-
vala... bunebisa da adamianis tandems, Sejibrs, dapirispirebas
dakvirvebuli TvaliT Sehyurebda, ganicdida, afasebda... zog-
jer aRfrTovanebuli aRiqvamda, zogjer tkiviliT gaiazrebda,
erTianad danTqmuli ki gaxldaT adamianis gamaognebeli Za-
lisxmeviT warmoqmnil grandiozul miRwevaTa procesSi; ukvir-
deboda, Cahkirkitebda, Sehxaroda da... mere sasceno ficar-
nagze gadahqonda mignebuli azri, grZnoba, ferisa Tu bgeris
SeTanxmeba. yoveli speqatkliT odas uZRvnida adamianis genias,
mis SesaZleblobaTa masStabs. miuxedavad imisa, rom postmo-
dernuli epoqis Semoqmedi gaxldaT, uaRresad Tanamedroved
azrovnebda da am mimarTulebis Sesabamisi esTetikisaTvis da-
maxasiaTebel TvisebaTa sasceno transformaciis formebsac ag-
nebda, adamianis mimarT postmodernistTa damokidebulebas ver
iRebda, ver egueboda da Sinaganad ekamaTeboda kidec.
bolo xans am problemaze xSirad vsaubrobdiT. erTxel
gamando: `adamiani iasaviT daucvelia, muxasaviT gamZlec aris
erTdroulad, patara nakadulica da okeanecaa erTsa da imave
dros; mtrediviT RuRunica da lomiviT bdRvinvac ZaluZs;
torolasaviT maRla frenac SesZlo, marTalia teqnikis Sem-
weobiT, magram esec xom misi gonis miRwevaa~. Cafiqrebulma
pauzis Semdeg dasZina: `ver miviReb, guli mwydeba, roca ci-
nizmiTa da uwmawurobiT weren, an warmoaCenen scenasa Tu
ekranze adamians. CemTvis maRali xlovnebis niSani esecaa, ra
Tqma unda, mis naklze, sisusteze, marcxze miTiTeba SesaZ-

33
 maradi berika

lebeli da aucilebelia. adamianis dakninebas roca tragediad

ganicdi, maSin sxvagvarad wer, sxvagvar epiTetebs, Sedarebebs,
metaforebs qmni. aq wrfeli gancda, gamWriaxi goniT Sefasebaa
Rirebuli, ai, rogorc SeqspirTan, rablesTan, iliasTan, va-
JasTan, dostoevskisTan, Tundac, klasikuri mxatvroba gavix-
senoT... da ara meqanikuri, moswrebuli qiliki qilikisaTvis.
goia _ koncefciaa Rirebuli, dali _ poziciaa Rirebuli, am
svlis meqanikuri transformacia Tavad xelovnebas akninebs~.
isev Cafiqrda da mSvidad dasZina: `ara, adamiani unikaluri,
universaluri, umniSvnelovanesi, Seucnobeli movlenaa! amis
misaxvedrad Rirda cxovreba, reJisoris profesiis arCeva,
amdeni dartymisa da tkivilis gadatana~. mcire xnis Semdeg,
roca morigi dartyma gadaitana, fiqrianad gamando: `es ar
aris mTavari, rogorc ityvian, mTvaresac aqvs laqebi. mTava-
ria, rom guSin rixters movusmine, Cinebuli Canaweria. Sina-
gani TrTola dameufla, sruliad gavTavisufldi yofisagan,
wvrilmani problemebisagan... uecriv aRmovaCine, rom is CemT-
vis ukravda, Cemi sulis moZraoba amoicno, erTi akordiT ki
mimaniSna, megona, rom wamCurCula kidec: SenTvis vqmni am fra-
zaso! Sevityve, cudad xaro... wamierad davmSviddi, msubuqad
amovisunTqe, am grandiozul, saocar samyaroSi umniSvnelod
momeCvena Cemi guSindeli gancdebi, gamikvirda, rogor davuTme
Cemi oponentebis mier moyenebul tkivils, am gancdebs amdeni
dro...~

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 naTela arvelaZe

trfoba rainduli

T eatri. mixeil TumaniSvilis xelovneba, misi mignebe-

bi, mosazrebani Teatrze, qmediTi analizis meTodze,
sarepeticio praqtikaze, saTeatro esTetikaze ar ekuTvnis
mxolod erT Taobas, erT Teatrs, mxolod mis uSualo mo-
wafeebs. misi samsaxeobrivi moRvaweoba _ reJisori, pedagogi,
Teoretikosi _ maradiulad gahyveba megzurad qarTvel beri-
kebs, scenis ostatebsac da axalbedebsac, misi leqciebiTa da
repeticiebiT monusxul mowafeebsac da maTac, visac mxolod
gadmocemiT SeutyviaT masze, videoCanawerebiT gascnobian mis
speqtaklebs, waukiTxavT misi wignebi, statiebi, gamouqveyne-
beli Canawerebi. batoni miSas moRvaweoba safuZvels umagrebda
profesionalTa aRzrdas, Tavisufali navardisaTvis afrTia-
nebda, myar safuZvels uqmnida berikaTa armias, reJisorebs,
mSvenieri dadgmebiT sulier sazrdos awvdida da Tvalsawiers
ufarToebda mayurebels. cxovrebis wesiT ki, batoni miSa,
ukompromiso da patiosani msaxurebis uzado magaliTs iZleo-
da. man SesZlo SeubRalavi reputaciiT gaevlo avtoritaru-
li reJimis umZimesi gza, raTa sxvebisTvis, gansakuTrebiT
mowafeebisaTvis, eCvenebina, rom ase cxovreba rTulia, magram
SesaZlebelia!
batoni miSa Teatrs aRiqvamda saswaulad da maradiul
dResaswaulad. Teatri iyo misi bediswera, reJisura _ misi
sabediswero arCevani, mSvenieri fantomi. uhaerod ufro gaZ-
lebda, vidre uTeatrod. CvenSi aravis gamouTqvams iseTi oda
Teatrze, mas rom aRmoxda:
`Teatri _ es raRac unikaluria da gansacvifrebeli! ver
warmomidgenia Cemi cxovreba uTeatrod, iseve, rogorc mzisa
da haeris, wyaros rakrakis da varskvlavebiT moWedili cis
gareSe, rogorc nawvimarze gamobrwyinebuli cisartyelisa da
ayvavebuli xeebis gareSe. me mTeli arsebiT miyvars Teatri.
miyvars iseve, rogorc sicocxle.

35
 maradi berika

me vitanjebi uTeatrod, rogorc bavSvi udedod...

me ar SemiZlia sicocxle Teatris gareSe! me is miyvars
premieris dReebSi, morTul-mokazmuli, gabrwyinebuli rom
egebeba stumrebs. miyvars maSinac, roca haerSi marcxis suni
trialebs, roca is uferulia, Camkvdari; TiTqos damnaSaveao,
miyuCebuli da garindebuli; miyvars maSinac, roca darbazSi
ufro naklebia xalxi, vidre scenaze. miyvars Teatri RamiT,
rodesac warmodgenis Semdeg SeiZleba wynarad ijde moxerxe-
bul savarZelSi da mRelvarebiT ucqerde Cabnelebul scenas,
erTi morige naTura rom anaTebs. miyvars uzarmazari, carieli
scena da masze martoxela mexanZre, verafriT rom ver gau-
gia, ratom ar mivdivar saxlSi! ra saamuria am Teatraluri
simSvidis wuTebSi, Cabnelebul scenaze momavali warmodgenis
konturebis amocnoba...
me miyvars RamiT miyuCebuli litavrebisa da kontrabase-
bis _ saorkestro ormoebis am mudmivi mobinadreebis cqera
(isini xom qarafSuta violinoebis msgavsad, Sin arasdros mi-
dian!). me miyvars Teatri iseTi, rogoric is aris _ mSvenieri,
sayvareli, boroti da gulismomkvleli, didi da patara, mo-
kazmuli da Zunwad morTuli.
me siamovnebas mgvris saRebavisa da webos suni, miyvars
gavarvarebuli naTurebi, afiSebis Sriali, Teatris muzeumis
simyudrove, zogjer minda mivegdo mtvrian fardebze, daveSva
Zveli rekvizitis sardafebSi, viborialo garderobSi tan-
sacmels, qudebs, qolgebs, maraoebs da fexsacmelebs Soris,
ras ar naxav aq?! es xom saocari, mSvenieri samyaroa! amqveynad
yvelafers mirCevnia Teatri _ mSvenieri sayvareli, saoc-
rebaTa ganumeorebeli samyaro!~ (mixeil TumaniSvili~, sanam
repeticia daiwyeba~ Tbilisi, 1977, gv. 16-17)
ginaxavT odesme batoni miSas Camcxrali Tvalebi, gamS-
rali gamoxedva, gamexebuli saxe, drodadro mTrTolvare
yvrimalebi, mzeraSi Cabudebuli usaSvelo tkivili da araam-
qveyniuri tanjvis kvali Cavardnil mxrebSi?
es iyo meore dRes, roca rusTavelis Teatridan wavi-

36
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da, roca pirvelma aRSfoTebis talRam Caiara da... gadarCa!

veraviTari qarborbala, vulkanis amofrqveva, dedamiwis Se-
tortmaneba, damdaRveli cecxli Seetoleba mijnuris ukide-
gano, Sinagani kosmosidan daZrul sulis kivils... iq, SigniT,
RvTiuri simi wydeba, ibzareba, tydeba da misi gamTeleba
SeuZlebelia. qari, vulkani, miwisZvra, cecxlis ali wa-
mierad angrevs, acamtverebs, swvavs, STanTqavs, anadgurebs
sicocxles da... mSviddeba! adamianis guli ki aseTi `darty-
misagan~ gaqvavebulia, gamyinvarebulia, es dartyma maradiul
Wrilobad aCndeba guls, wveT-wveTad icleba sisxlisagan da...
Cagvesmis galaktionis xma: `amgvar grZnobebs qmnis mxolod
wameba!~ davumatebdi, mijnurTan ganSorebis wameba!
mixeil TumaniSvili rusTavelis Teatridan wavida! bato-
ni miSa saerTod Teatridan verc wavidoda, radganac Tavad
daatarebda Teatrs. axla misi speqtaklebidan, rusTavelis
saxelovan scenaze dadgmuli speqtaklebidan, mxolod `sasiy-
varulo epizodebs~ gavixsneb, raTa Tvali mivadevnoT, rogor
`iqsoveboda~ TumaniSvilis xilvebidan siyvarulis oda.

37
 maradi berika

usiyvarulod ar arsebobs arc silamaze

m ixeil TumaniSvilis Semoqmedebis ZiriTad Temad siy-

varulis qadageba SeiZleba davasaxeloT. Cemi Rrma
rwmeniT, reJisorma mTelis sisavsiT swored siyvaruli gani-
cada da warmoaCina, rogorc samyaros, adamianis, adamianur
urTierTobaTa gadarCenis saxsari. rogorc adamiani, moqalaqe,
Semoqmedi pirad da saqveyno ubedurebad aRiqvamda siyvarulis
deficits, romelic ukve daundobel sisastiked qceuliyo da
romlis damcrobasac unda umadlodes kacobrioba XX sauku-
nis istoriul kataklizmebsac. gasuli saukunis 50-iani da
60-iani wlebis mijnaze es urTulesi procesi SeniSna, gani-
cada da warmoaCina reJisorma, rogorc zneobrivi dakninebis
upirvelesi niSani; adamianis sakuTari Tavisgan, amqveynad mov-
linebis misiisagan, sikeTis yovlisSemweobisagan gaucxoebis
faqti man aRiqva, rogorc pirovnuli da socialuri, vityodi,
politikuri tragedia, im sawyisTa sawyisad, romlis iqiT
qaosi da aqeT ki wyvdiadis gamefeba ivarauda. SesaZloa, ami-
tomac axlavs misi speqtaklebis mZafr moqalaqeobriv saTq-
mels aseTi mTrTolvare, idumali, ritualis siwmindiTa da
gznebiT gaTamaSebuli siyvarulis Tema, rogorc reJisor _
adamianis sulisTqma, rogorc reJisor _ pirovnebis gafrTxi-
leba da gulwrfeli mimarTva Tavisi mrevlisadmi.
is siyvaruls aRiqvamda, rogorc amaRlebul mSvenierebas,
rogorc dResaswauls, rogorc sulis krTomasa da yiJins,
rogorc gulis siTbosa da gonis elvas, rogorc yoveld-
Riurobis ruxi ferebisagan Tavdaxsnis Svebasa da saxsars...
da kidev... adamianis Sinagani amaRlebis, gamTlianebis, naTeli
azrebisa da vnebis aRzevebis, cisfer zmanebasTan, saswaulTan
miaxlebis sixarulsa da netarebas.
adamianebo, me Tqven miyvarxarT! _ reJisoris gulficxi
mimarTvaa sazogadoebisadmi, yoveli adamianisadmi. misi speq-
taklebis ZiriTadi saTqmeliT gamoisaxa kidec erTi pirovnebis

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 naTela arvelaZe

gamxelili trfoba adamianisadmi, sicocxlisadmi, qveynisadmi,

misi kulturisadmi, Teatrisadmi, sadac scenis kvarcxlbekze
TumaniSvilma adamiani Seayena, rogorc bunebis gvirgvini da
gamonaTeba. misi speqtaklebis saTaurebic ki migvaniSneben, ras
niSnavda misTvis es grZnoba.
_ `me Tqven miyvarxarT!~, `adamianebo, iyaviT fxizlad!~,
`ambavi siyvarulisa~, `roca aseTi siyvarulia~... misi uka-
naskneli dadgmis, Jan Jirodus `amfitrioni-38~, safinalo
sityvebia: `miyvarxar, miyvarxar, miyvarxar!..~ ra vicodiT, rom
alkmenes am sityvebiT gamogveTxoveboda scenis mezRapre, ma-
radi berika, maradi mijnuri _ mixeil TumaniSvili.

***

repeticiaze misi stimuli xdeboda msaxiobis TvalebSi

Cabudebuli trfobis simxurvale. aseTi TvalebiT Sehyurebd-
nen mas axalbedebic da ostatebic. isini mojadoebulni iyvnen
`Selocvis~ ritualiT, zRvardaudebi fantaziiT, Samanis
idumalebiT. siyvaruli iyo wyaroca da sawyaoc misi xilve-
bisa, SeTxzvis procesisa, mxatvruli gadawyvetis xerxisa,
TamaSis wesisa, plastikuri monaxazisa, mouxelTebeli Sina-
gani svlebisa.
batoni miSa goniT, grZnobiT, gumaniT Wvretda erT sibrZ-
nes, mTelis arsebiT iziarebda poetis sityvebs: `usiyvarulod
ar arsebobs TviT silamazec!~ albaT, daumatebda: usiyvaru-
lod ar arsebobs sasceno momxibvlelobac, sinatifec, Te-
atraluri TamaSis elvarebac! giJmaJi vneba da ficxeli azri
boboqrobda mis repeticiebze, ixlarTeboda mis metaforebSi
da dasrulebul saxes iRebda speqtaklebSi, metadre _ sasiy-
varulo epizodebSi.
`espaneli mRvdeli~. aRorZinebis epoqis majiscema, adamia-
nis fenomenisadmi axali damokidebulebis mSveniereba, ganax-
lebisa da Tavisufali nebis gamJRavnebis didebuleba Zalumad
igrZnoboda sulxan cincaZis maJoruli ritmebiTa da mCqefare

39
 maradi berika

simRerebiT, oqrosferi sinaTlis sxiviT _ mTels kordovas

rom swvdeboda da Sua saukuneebis xundebisagan gamoxsnil
oazisad evlineboda mayurebels, es ritmi, xasxasa sinorCe,
moWiate sxivis brwyinvaleba igrZnoboda SeyvarebulTa onav-
robaSi; boboqrobda mRvdlisa da diakvnis acetebul sxeul-
Si, bartoliusis Semparav didaqtikasa da cbier damoZRvraSi.
erosi manjgalaZisa da emanuil afxaiZis uCveulo sasceno tan-
demiT, moTqmiT CamRerebuli locviT ifrqveoda farisevelTa
saukuneebiT nawrTobi `aRmatebuloba~. kote maxaraZis nota-
riusis moCvenebiTi guliTadobiT mJRavndeboda mTeli modgmis
sixarbe da vercxlis moyvareoba. medea Caxavas amarantasa da
ramaz CxikvaZis leandros trfoba siyvarulis maradiul ga-
marjvebaze afiqrebda mayurebels.
amarantas baRis TeTrad Selesil galavanze akruli mij-
nuris tbilxmovani serenada _ `me Sen miyvarxar, lamazo!~ _
aRiqmeboda mijnurobis mcxunvarebis, sicocxlis ganaxlebis,
mSvenieri gazafxulis odad.
speqtakli Cafiqrebuli iyo rogorc saerTod dogmati-
kosTa, farisevelTa, kanonis fsevdodamcvelTa winaaRmdeg
mimarTuli sanaxaoba da, amasTanave, siyvarulis sadidebeli
samoedno Teatris saxilveli. masSi yoveli drois fsevdomo-
ralistebi iyvnen mxilebulni, raTa mTeli siZlieriT ezei-
ma siyvarulis yovlismomcvel grZnobas. reJisorma saukuneTa
siRrmidan gamoixmo personaJebi, raTa emxila Tanamedrove
farisevlebi (jon fletCeris komedia. mxatvari _ dimitri
TavaZe, kompozitori _ sulxan cincaZe, qoreografi _ daviT
maWavariani, 1954 weli).

***

`ambavi siyvarulisa~. msubuqi komedia scenaze XX sauku-

nis 60-iani wlebis Tbilisur yofas warmosaxavda, fizkul-
turis institutis studentTa cxovrebaze uambobda mayure-
bels da sxarti, enakvimati TxrobiT warmosaxavda uiRblo
siyvarulis msxverplsac, warmatebul studentTa cxovrebasac

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 naTela arvelaZe

da sportsmenTa uRimRamo yofasac. sanaxaobis protagonisti

pedagogi eqvTime qaTamaZe gaxldaT, giorgi gegeWkoris Cinebu-
li SesrulebiT. asakovani sportsmeni, axla ki maswavlebeli
eqvTime, mZafrad ganicdida axali binis miRebiT gamowveul
sixaruls, Tavisi niWieri studentis, vefxias uimedo siyva-
rulis ambavs, gulissworis nanatr aRsarebasac, eWvianobda,
xarobda, ganicdida, eloda...
eqvTime qaTamaZe, ormoc wels gadacilebuli, Tavmomwone
pedagogi, siyvaruli rom ewvia, romantikos mijnurad iqca.
trfobis ali rom SemoenTo, satrfo, studenti ivlite bos-
toRanaSvili (msaxiobi salome yanCeli) paemanze miiwvia. naad-
revad misuls gulma mwvaved gahkra, baRis bilikze nerviulad
iwyo win da ukan siaruli, malimal karibWisken gaurboda
Tvali, satrfo ar Canda, guli saguledan amovardnas lamobda,
xeliT akavebda, TiTqos. wyroma, tkivili, sinanuli irekle-
boda mis fermixdil saxeze. xmel-xmeli sxeuli zambarasaviT
daeWima, siaruls umata, Tan karibWisaken aparebda Tvals...
uecrad Secba. Eetyoba, tkivili igrZno mkerdSi, odnav moi-
xara da xeli mkerdze miido. erTxans idga ase, mere gazons
miuaxlovda, afeqturad `moswyvita~ yvavili, isev gaxeda gzas,
saxeze axla cdunebisa da sixarulis naTeli aukiafda, gaiRi-
ma, gaibadra, dadna... warmoidgina, rom mis win satrfo idga,
eleganturad miesalma, mere mkacri mzeriT datuqsa kidec
dagvianebisaTvis, mainc maswavleblis pedantobam sZlia da...
ucbad, Sedga, ifiqra zedmeti ar momivideso, Tbil Rimils
Tvalebis Suqi miayola da mowiwebiT aRmoxda _ dabrZandiTo.
Tavze wamoadga `gayuCebul~ ivlites, Tvalebi minaba, Zlivs
daioka grZnoba da mileuli xmiT wasCurCula _ miyvarxaro...
mere gamoerkva, Tavs SeuZaxa TiTqos, yoCaRo!... da baRSi
`mowyvetili yvavili~ mowiwebiT (isev afeqturad!) miarTva,
Tan moqnili xeliT haerSi kamara `Semohkra~, msubuqad daixa-
ra da... gamoerkva. is marto idga, ivlite ar sCanda. eqvTime
qaTamaZis natanj gamoxedvasa da moqnil JestSi TavisTavad
ikiTxeboda msaxiobis iumori da poetis migneba: `magram sul

41
 maradi berika

sxvaa siyvaruli ukanaskneli~... eqvTimes siyvaruli gazafxulze

afeTqebuli alublis toti ki ara, Semodgomis fernacvali
baRis foTolcvena gaxldaT! es surneli, ritmi, xmovaneba,
ferebi TvalnaTliv igrZnoboda msaxiobis TamaSiT, Senelebuli
moZraobebiT, saxieri SefasebebiT, metyveli plastikuri mona-
xaziT da mainc ymawvilkacuri SemarTebiT, siyvarulis Wiako-
konas rom Tan sdevs. (kita buaCiZis komedia, mxatvari _ oTar
liTaniSvili, kompozitori _ biZina kvernaZe, 1958 weli).

***

`roca aseTi siyvarulia~. siyvaruli, zneoba, msxverpl-

Sewirvis rituali _ mokled ase SeiZleba CamovayaliboT is
qvakuTxedi, romelzec wamomarTuli iyo dadgmis vizualur-
verbaluri saxiereba. im periodisaTvis uCveulo da Tamami
fsiqodrama, sabWoeTis Caketili sivrcisaTvis axmianda, ro-
gorc mexis gavardna. sabWoeTis farisevlebi samyaros mxolod
TeTri da Savi ferebiT aRiqvamdnen; naxevartonebi, SuqCrdi-
lebi, fsiqologiuri niuansebi, Sinagani brZolebi, sakuTari
Tavis Zieba, grZnobisa da movaleobis konfliqti _ maTTvis
ucxo da gaugebari iyo da amdenad, miuRebelic. miuxedavad
amisa, rusTavelis Teatris speqtakli mayurebelma miiRo, ro-
gorc Sveba da imedi. mayurebeli Teatris gulwrfel gandoba-
Si xedavda cvlilebaTa SesaZleblobas! Tundac amitom, am qve-
Secneuli, SesaZloa, bolomde gaucnobierebeli vnebaTaRelvis
gamoc modioda TeatrSi, raTa daedasturebina, aqtiurad
gamoexata am cvlilebaTa gaziarebis Sinagani mzaoba.
im periodisaTvis metad Tamami, sadReisodac aqtualuri
ambavi scenaze gaTamaSda pirobiTi gamomsaxveli saSualebebiT,
metaforaTa feradovnebiT, movlenaTa Sinagani daZabulobiT,
msaxiobTa wrfeli grZnobaTa bunebiT. ambavi agebuli gaxldaT
leqtoris, petri petrusisa da lida matisovas uiRblo siy-
varulze. magram standartuli sasiyvarulo samkuTxedi (Sey-
varebulebi da coli, Seyvarebulebi da axali gataceba), dra-
maturgis mier warmodgenili gaxldaT warsulis, awmyosa da

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momavlis uwyvetobis saxiT. warsuli da awmyo dakavSirebuli

aRmoCnda da amasTanave, ganapirobebda momavals, im grZnobis
dramatul ganviTarebas, romelic ubeduri SemTxveviT, anu
msxverplSewirviT asrulebda ambavs. zneobis sferoSi gada-
tanili konfliqti arCevanis winaSe amyofebda personaJebs da
kategoriulobiT iTxovda piradi pasuxismgeblobiT am or-
dinaluri konfliqtis gadaWras. realobis simkacre da grZno-
bis siZliere scenaze gaTamaSda grZneuli vnebaTaRelviTa da
gonis aqtivobiT. amasTanave, guSindeli Secdomebi xvalindeli
dRis prizmidan iyo danaxuli da Sefasebuli.
Savi da ruxi dekoracia da feradovani SuqniSani, ro-
melic maxviliviT ekida sasceno sivrcis SuagulSi, arCeva-
nis aucileblobas iTxovda. SuqniSani adamianebs afrTxilebda,
ukrZalavda, gzas uCvenebda metad martivi svliT _ wiTe-
li, yviTeli da mwvane feris monacvleobiT. magram is, rac
naTeli gaxldaT kanonis TvalsazrisiT, uaRresad rTuli
xdeboda adamianTa TanacxovrebisaTvis. am `martivi sqemis~ (sa-
siyvarulo samkuTxedis) miRma, mTeli ZaliT iyo aRmarTuli
kanonisa da grZnobis dapirispireba. Teatri arbitris rols
ki ar Cemulobda, is uCvenebda am tradiciuli konfliqtis
aratradiciul ganviTarebas da mTeli SegnebiT siyvarulis
sadarajoze dgeboda.
dekoraciis `RerZi~ iyo gza, romelic mayurebelTa
darbazs kibiT uerTdeboda da romelic `martivi~ pirobi-
Ti svliT cxovrebis gzas mianiSnebda. yvelaze mniSvnelovani
epizodebi am gzaze TamaSdeboda. magaliTad, petrisa da lidas
Sexvedra, lida matisovasa da mantiamosxmuli kacis (sindisis
da kanonierebis damcvelis) dialogi, lidas arCevani, kanonie-
rebis damcvelis arCevani, rodesac is darbazs mimarTavda da
kanonierebis, samarTlianobis simbolos, mantias ixsnida. am
simbolikisagan ganZarcvuli kaci mantiiT _ sergo zaqariaZe,
darbazs mimarTavda.
am gzaze miemarTebodnen, midiodnen, garbodnen, xvdebodnen
lida da petrusi, mere Sordebodnen, kvlav garbodnen, isev

43
 maradi berika

xvdebodnen erTmaneTs da Tavad es gza iZenda bedisweris rangs.

mere am gzaze lidas wamoadgeboda kaci mantiiT, rogorc sin-
disi da samarTali, mere am gzaze uCoqebda lida matisova Ta-
vis siyvaruls. uCoqebda Tavis erTaderT da Zlier siyvaruls,
radganac sxvagarad ar SeeZlo!.. Tavad maTi Sexvedra, Tavad
siyvaruli `iTxovda~, TiTqos, msxverplSewirvas.
erT-erTi movlena ase gadawyvita reJisorma: petri petrus-
sa (ramaz CxikvaZe) da lida matisovas (medea Caxava) uyvardaT
erTmaneTi. daSordnen. ramdenime wlis Semdeg lida da petri
kvlav Sexvdnen erTmaneTs. gzaze mimavalma lidam Cauqrola
petri petruss. Sedgnen, gayuCdnen, nabijis gadadgma gauWir-
daT, andamatis ZaliT adgils miejaWvnen... erTxans idgnen gaq-
vavebulebi, Semotrialdnen, pirispir aRmoCndnen da... mTeli
ZaliT gaqandnen erTmaneTisken. erT arsebad qceulni gaemijnen
quCas, gamlvlelebs, qalaqs, samyaros. SuqniSani wiTlad
akiafda, gzam airekla wiTeli feri, gangaSis mauwyebeli aR-
moCnda gamafrTxilebeli simbolo. erTmaneTSi danTqmuli wy-
vili siyvarulis simbolod iqca. pirveli sasixarulo eldis
Semdeg, TvalebSi Caxeda petrim lidas, Sexvedra sTxova da
aRtkinebulma hkiTxa: moxval? gaisma lidas gulisZgerasaviT
aTrTolebuli pasuxi: moval! lida da petri sxvadasxva mxares
daadgnen gzas. gonebiT, guliT, mTeli arsebiT ki isev erTad
iyvnen. mere lida Seewira Tavis siyvaruls. finalSi, rode-
sac lidam ukve gaacnobiera Tavisi siyvarulis sabediswero
dasasruli, kaci mantiis moTxovniT kvlav gaiTamaSes es epi-
zodi. petris SekiTxvas: paemanze moxvalo? lidam Zveleburad
upasuxa movalo! kaci mantiiT Sedga, sindisiviT Tavze wamoad-
ga lidas, mgrZnobiared Seaxsena am Sexvedris sabediswero
finali da sTxova isev gaiTamaSon es epizodi. lida isev da-
Tanxmda petris, upasuxa _ movalo. lidas saxeze mwveli ali
aTamaSda, didron TvalebSi sxivi Caudga, mere Tavi Caqindra,
gayuCda da sulis siRrmidan aRmoxda: `mainc moval, mainc mo-
val, imitom rom miyvars!~ da lidam dauCoqa Tavis pirvel da
erTaderT siyvaruls (pavel kohoutis fsiqodrama, mxatvari
_ dimitri TavaZe, 1959 weli).

44
 naTela arvelaZe

***

`zRvis Svilebi~. repeticia. Teatrma zRvispira qalaqis

mezRvaurTa cxovrebis ambavi unda warmogvidginos. reJiso-
ri sami Taobis mezRvaurTa yofas, maTs tradicias, TaobaTa
Sinagan kavSirsa da STamomavlobiT gadmocemul erTgulebas
miuZRvnis dadgmas, WeSmaritad, kacobriobis momavali bevrad
aris damokidebuli imazec, dRes rogori damokidebuleba
aqvs Svils mamisadmi, rogor moqmedebs Svili STamomavlobiT
gadmocemuli erovnuli da profesiuli TviTSegnebiT, rogor
agrZelebs mama-papaTagan gadmocemul tradiciul cxovrebis
wess. papa-Svili-SviliSvilSi, am sam Taobas Soris kavSirsa,
msgavsebasa da axal mocemul pirobebSi gansxvavebul msofl-
SegrZnebas warmoaCenda reJisori. kalandaZeebis sami Taoba,
maTi yofa, miswrafebani, urTierTobebi iTavsebda da ireklav-
da mTeli modgmis cxovrebiseul princi pebs, warmosaxavda
im cxovrebiseul dinamikas, TaobaTa cvlas rom axasiaTebs.
maTi arsebobis gamarTleba am Sinagani kavSiris erTgulebaSic
Canda. papa da SviliSvili _ boco da guram kalandaZeebi, am
uxilavi jaWviT dakavSirebul warsulsa da awmyosac warmo-
aCendnen. maTi saTuTi, vaJkacuri, myari urTierTobebi momav-
lis perspeqtivasac uCvenebdnen mayurebels. gurami Camohgavda
mamasa da papas, magram gansxvavdeboda kidec, radganac drois
qrolvas, mis Seuval cvalebadobas emorCileba bunebaca da
sazogadoebac, yoveli suldgmuli, upirvelesad ki adamiani.
magram winapris arseboba grZeldeboda STamomavlobiT, papa da
mama Svilsa da SviliSvilSi agrZelebdnen cxovrebas da amiT
`ikveTeboda~ STamomavlobis xe, romelic samyaros ganviTare-
bis qvakuTxeds qmnida. mayurebeli Teatrs tovebda samyaros
wrebrunvazec dafiqrebuli, Tan mihqonda imedi da mxneoba,
man xom Seimecna, SeigrZno, gaiazra TaobaTa dialeqtikuri
mTlianobis Zala da xibli, winaparTa mermisSi gadabijebis,
maradisobaSi Serwymis simSvide da simyare.
Svilis daRupvis Semdeg, boco kalandaZes (erosi manj-
galaZe) mTeli Tavisi siTbo, siyvaruli, movaleoba Svili-

45
 maradi berika

Svilze hqonda gadatanili. gurami misi cxovrebis gamarTleba

gaxldaT. misi davaJkaceba da pirovnebad Camoyalibeba bocos
umTavresi sazrunavi iyo, rasac didis gamZleobiTa da uSur-
veli sikeTiT erTgulebda. sanaxaobis erT-erT movlenas guram
kalandaZisa da mzias siyvarulis ambavi qmnida. maTi urTier-
Tobis Casaxvisa da ganviTarebis epizodebi simsubuqiTa da
sinatifiT `iqsoveboda~.
uCveulo mdumarebas arRvevda zina kverenCxilaZisa da
soso laRiZis replikebi, maT enacvleboda batoni miSas
Cumi karnaxi. haeri gazafxulis surneliT gaiJRinTa, TiTqos,
cisartyela akiafda caze. gurami da mzia qviSian napirze
sxedan. maT, TiTqos, axla dainaxes da aRmoaCines erTmaneTi.
pauza reJisoris CurCulma daarRvia: `soso, TvalebSi Caxede,
nazad gauRime, monusxe, moajadove, ar gauSva, es xom zRvis
napiria, iq, sadRac badea migdebuli, aiRe bade, xelze daixvie
da isrole, isrole nazad, magram ostatis mier Sesrulebul
moZraobas unda hgavdes, masSi gaaxvie gogona, Tan Sensken
mozide bade, Rimili ar Sordeba, saxe gabadruli aqvs... zina,
gaibrZole, gaqceva moindome, magram xvdebi, rom fexebi ar
gemorCileba, guli farTxalebs, lamisaa saguledan amovar-
des, magram mxiarulad gibrZanebs, rom ar waxvide, aq darCe!
TiTqos gahkivis kidec, nu garbixaro... icini? ratom? SeiZ-
leba! axla sicili misi Tavdacvaa, magram mkafiod gamoxate
gaoceba, ara! gaogneba! ra xdeba? ra emarTeba? winaT xSirad
Sexvedria gurams, magram aseTi ram ar damarTnia! axla ki-
dev es bade, gaixlarTa masSi da gaqceva gauWirda, ara, arc
Tavad unda gaqceva _ ai, es gamoxate. ar unda, ar SeuZlia.
ra emarTeba? ratom gaCumda? TviTonac ar icis ra xdeba, ra
emarTeba. es TamaSia siyvarulis dabadebaze. arc erTma ar icis,
ra xdeba, magram xvdebian, rom raRac uCveulo, Zalian nazi,
Tbili, tkbili, surnelovani CaiRvenTa sulSi, miwa zRvasaviT
tortmanebs, qviSa sxlteba, xan caSi mifrinavT, xan zRvis
talRa garwevT... dedamiwa da zRva ki iweva, qanaobs, mihqris,
mieqaneba, brunavs, Tavze naTeli gadgaT... erTad garbixarT?

46
 naTela arvelaZe

esec SeiZleba, oRond axlos iyaviT erTmaneTTan, unda Candes:

ki ar gaurbixarT erTmaneTs, aramed erTad, erTi mimarTule-
biT garbixarT~...
locvis sulTaTanas Camohgavs reJisoris karnaxi. vizu-
aluri gamomsaxveloba da grZnobaTa siwrfele urTierTgan-
pirobebul mocemulobad iqca. Tvalebma, Rimilma airekles
Sinagani mRelvareba, miyuCebulma ritmma gamosaxa personaJTa
Sinagani mdgomareoba, romelic sulis yiJinasaviT gadaevlo
sanapiros, epizodis statiurobas. napirze gogo da biWi
gaunZrevlad sxedan, musaifoben, raRac moxda... isini sici-
liT garbian _ statikas dinamika Seenacvla. ritmic Seicva-
la. TiTqos ganaTda, gaciskrovnda sanapiroc _ siyvaruli
daibada... repeticia dasrulda. zina da soso kuTxeSi Sedgnen,
erTmaneTs raRacas uxsnian. iqve, dabal, grZel skamze yva-
vili devs. erosi manjgalaZe nela Semovida darbazSi. axla
masTan gaagrZelebs repeticias reJisori, magram… boco Sedga,
SeniSna yvavili. Warmag mezRvaurs cali xeli ara aqvs, mar-
jvenaTi aiRo yvavili, gainaba, nazad miealersa, frTxilad
daynosa, gaiRima da gaocebuls aRmoxda: `migaties, baba? idevi
axla aq~... boco dahyurebs yvavils, TiTqos, guSindel siy-
mawviles ixsenebs. batoni miSa xmamaRla icinis, taSs ukravs:
`yoCaR, erosi, Zalian kargia, ase mxolod bocos SeuZlia,
igrZnos da ase saTuTad gamoxatos sinaze da gulistkivili
mitovebuli yvavilis gamo~. es epizodi piesaSi ar aris, es
erosis mignebaa, erosi _ bocos sulis TrTolvis gamoxatu-
lebaa, boco ase afasebs sagnebs, adamianebs, bunebas... erosi
manjgalaZe improvizaciis ostatia, SeuZlia, warmosaxviT
iTamaSos Tavisi personaJis warsuli, piesaSi ararsebuli
epizodebi, Tavad SeTxzas mocemuli pirobebi da aRmoacenos
gamosaxvis feradovani saSualebebi. erosis migneba reJisors
ucvlelad gadaaqvs scenaze, is rCeba speqtaklSi, rogorc
siyvarulis tkbilxmovani, lamazi sulTaTana (giorgi xuxaS-
vilis fsiqodrama, mxatvari _ dimitri TavaZe, kompozitori
_ sulxan nasiZe, 1961 weli).

47
 maradi berika

***

`WinWraqa~. dramaturgma, igavuri gulubryvilobiTa da

msubuqi didaqtikiT ori samyaro warmoaCina _ sasaxlis kari
da tyis binadarni. isini daundoblobiTa da Tvistomis gawir-
viT daakavSira erTmaneTTan, naTlad warmosaxa, rom sasaxlis
karis kargad SeniRbuli intrigebis simkacre da tyis binadar-
Ta gameteba, maTi cxovrebis wesi didad ar gansxvavdebian
erTurTisagan. erTgan Tu ambiciuroba, karierizmi, keTilmow-
yobis Jinia moyvasis gametebis mizezi, meoregan instinqtebis
reabilitaciis siWarbe badebs ukidures dapirispirebas. Sede-
gi orive SemTxvevaSi mrisxanebiT gamowveuli sisastikea. speq-
taklis reJisoruli gadawyveta, enigmaturi ena erTgvarad
gamWvirvale `qsoviliT~ mosavda sasaxlis karis intrigebs.
TviT tyis binadarTa `mgluri kanonebic~ ki msubuqi iro-
niiT iyo warmosaxuli. orive samyaros mxatvrul gadawyve-
tas, TamaSis wess, `realur-irealur~ Sefasebebs SesamCnevad
etyoboda im mimarTulebis msoflmxedvelobiTi princi pi da
gamosaxvis saSualebaTa formebi, romelnic axlo momavalSi
postmodernizmad gaformdeboda da aSkarad gamoikveTa ukve
robert sturuas SemoqmedebiTi ZiebebiT.
mefis asul mziasa da glexis biWis WinWraqas jer ki-
dev gaucnobierebeli siyvaruli, romelic, umetesad, zRa-
pris umTavresi siuJeturi qargaa da masze iqsoveba igavis
demokratiuli msoflmxedvelobiTi princi pi, TumaniSvilis
speqtaklSi marginalur Temad iqca. qosa mrCevlisa da devis
dueti, melas, turas, daTvisa da mglis kvarteti, msaxiobTa
Cinebuli SesrulebiT, ufro gamokveTda sanaxaobis mTavar
xazs _ dampyroblis SemoseviT samefo karis gandevna-dawioke-
bas. magram erTi epizodi, romelic mziasa da WinWraqas faqiz
urTierTobas warmoaCenda, marTlac simsubuqiTa da sinatifiT
gamoirCeoda. kontrasti aSkara, Seufarveli da zRaprisaTvis
egzom damaxasiaTebeli feradovnebiT iyo gadawyvetili. Tu
musikalur sakravTa enas movuxmobT, am epizods SesaZlebelia,
vuwodoT salamurisa da fleita hikolos dueti. xalxuri

48
 naTela arvelaZe

sibrZne, siCauqe, gamWriaxoba da zepuri sazogadoebis da-

xvewili manerebi warmosaxuli gaxldaT berikuli sanaxaobis
gaxsnilobiTa da uSualobiT, ferebis siWreliTa da guluxvi
miamitobiT.
mefis asuls (bela mirianaSvili) balerinas TeTri, msu-
buqi samosi amkobs, zed wiTeli gulia gamosaxuli. siyvaru-
lis gulmxurvaleba ase `martivad~ mianiSna reJisorma. gle-
xis biWs, WinWraqas (karlo sakandeliZe) Wreli Salis win-
debi, gacveTili qalamnebi, dakemsili Sarval-xalaTi acvia.
is laRad danavardobs, Snoianad cekvavs da mReris, magram
dedamiwaze orive fexiT myarad dgas. SiSs ebrZvis WinWraqa da
sibrZniT imarjvebs, devsa da mis qosa-mrCevels zRapars iav-
nanasaviT `umReris~, adunebs maTs gonebas berikuli gasarTo-
bi TamaSiTa da gamocanebiT. xalxuri sanaxaobiTi kulturis
wiaRidan `gamohyavs~ reJisors WinWraqa da berikuli Teatris
personaJs eSmakuri gamomgoneblobiT ajildovebs. miamiti bi-
Wis gamWriaxi goneba saswauls axdens, SejibrSi iwvevs devsa
da mis aRmzrdels (sergo zaqariaZe, ramaz CxikvaZe). es xala-
si biWi xalxur sibrZnesa da `eSmakur~ ileTs iyenebs saSiS
dampyrobelTan Serkinebisas. puantebze Semdgari mzia msubuqad
srialebda sasaxlis darbazebSi, lazaTsa da harmonias “as-
xivebda” uboroto guliTa da sxarti azrovnebiT. haerovani,
natifi, momxibvleli mzia da demosis wiaRidan amozrdili
gonieri da sazriani, cqviti da keTili biWi wodebrivi Seu-
Tavseblobis miRma aRmoCndnen, saerTod am dapirispirebisagan
gaucxoebulni iyvnen. maTi iSviaTi tandemi, sulTa Tanaxmi-
anoba marTlac zRaprul simSvenieres warmoaCenda. niWieri
mignebebiT daxunZlul irealur-realur garemoSi konkretu-
li dro fermkrTaldeboda.aq yvelaferi - riskiani Sefasebebi,
adamianebisa da mxecebis identuri moqmedebebi, uCveulo Tama-
Sis wesi da grZnobaTa buneba - arakis logikas emorCileboda.
aq yvelaferi SesaZlebeli iyo: isic, rom devs ase ostaturad
amarcxebda WinWraqa, isic, rom mxecebi mTvaris Suqze olim-
piadisaTvis emzadebodnen da gatacebiT mRerodnen, isic, rom

49
 maradi berika

Cveulebrivi saxtunao Toki telefonis mavTulad gadaiqceoda

da... JRurtulebdnen, mRerodnen, kafiaobdnen, davlurs uv-
lidnen mzia da WinWraqa. mTeli epizodi, TiTqos oqsinoTi iyo
naqsovi, uCveulo sxiviT gabrwyinebuli, TiTqos yvavilnarsa
an aWrelebul mdeloze TamaSdeboda. uzado plastikur mona-
xazs, maxvilgonivrul replikebs, gulmxurvaled gaTamaSebul
urTierTobebs, marTlac, zRaprulad mSvenieri pirbade mosavda
(guga naxucriSvilis piesa - zRapari, mxatvrebi _ oleg qo-
CakiZe, aleqsandre slovinski, iuri CikvaiZe, kompozitori _
biZina kvernaZe, qoreografi _ iuri zarecki, 1963 weli).

***

`gvadi bigva~. rogorc ukve aRvniSne, mixeil TumaniSvili

e.w. `patara adamianis~ sulier mdgomareobas gansakuTrebuli
dakvirvebiT swavlobda da warmoaCenda. am mxriv metad sagu-
lisxmoa erosi manjgalaZis mier gaTamaSebuli gvadi bigvas
sasceno ambavi. msaxiobma TiTqos ostatis saWreTliT gamo-
kveTa gvadis niRabi, qarTveli takimasxara, crupentela na-
carqeqia da `mwiTuri jambazi~ amgvari modgmis da ara mxolod
erTi mokvdavis sulier SeWirvebas tragikomikuri safarveliT
warmosaxavda. Rrmad erovnuli arakis personaJi, Tanamedro-
ve saTeatro esTetikis konteqstiT warmoaCenda `Cveulebrivi
adamianis~ vnebaTaRelvas, cxovrebiseul `princi pebs~, anu
uprinci pobas da sisxlxorceulad ukavSirdeboda Tavis is-
toriul saZmos. daxvewili niRabi im karnavaluri msvlelo-
bis ferxulSi ebmeboda, epoqis suliskveTeba rom gamohqonda
sasceno ficarnagze, rogorc Teatris arqeti puli samyarodan
daZruli xmovaneba, rogorc saukuneebiT nawrTobi Semgueb-
lobis simbolo. mwerlis Rrma qveteqsti amoxsna da axali
ZaliT gamokveTa reJisorisa da msaxiobis interpretaciam.
rolis gaazrebiT, paradoqsuli droebis realuri suraTi
aRsdga scenaze da sisavsiT gamoixata darRveuli samyaros de-
formirebuli yofa. msaxiobma Seucdomlad SeaRwia personaJis
sulieri samyaros xveulebSi, msaxiobis pirovnulma xiblma ki

50
 naTela arvelaZe

gamokveTilad warmoaCina intonacia, romelmac rTuli realo-

bis labirinTidan sxva ganzomilebiT warmosaxa nacnobi xasia-
Ti. amitomac mgonia, rom dro da msaxiobis adamianuri buneba
srulad amoqmedda da gacxadda am roliT. Tavdapirvelad,
roca reJisori rolis zeamocanas sTavazobda msaxiobs, xuTi
Svilis gamokveba da patronoba iyo miTiTebuli, amitomac
cruobda, vireSmakobda, mliqvnelobda gvadi. erosi manjgala-
ZisaTvis xasiaTis am ferebis gamokveTa sakmarisi da saintere-
so ar aRmoCnda. maSin Secvala reJisorma zeamocana, xasiaTis
`xerxemali~ ufro mkvrivi gaxada, gamosaxvis saSualebebsac
foierverkuli siswrafiTa da feradovnebiT miagno msaxiobma,
reJisoris koreqtivi imdenad misaRebi da saintereso aRmoCnda,
rom erosis ganwyobac ki sruliad Seicvala.
axali versiiT gamoikveTa erTi, Cemi fiqriT, umniSv-
nelovanesi aspeqti Cveni sazogadoebrivi yofisa. is, razec
gamWoli xaziviT `agebda~ msaxiobi epizodebs, mianiSnebda
saguldagulod mofiqrebul, asjer `gazomil da awonil~ du-
Rabs, romelSic improvizaciuli silaRiTa da simsubuqiT iyo
Camosxmuli gvadis miamitoba, imavdroulad, misi cuRlutoba
da `vireSmakoba~, aTasgvarad JReradi intonacia, `mwiTuri
jambazis~ meyvseulad cvalebadi mimika, sulis mouxelTebeli
vibracia, Sinagani svlebis grafikuli saxiereba. qarTuli
xaliCasaviT nairferad iqsoveboda gvadis sasceno erovnuli
TviTmyofadoba, pirovnuli genetika; mignebuli yoveli fe-
ridan, naxazis niuansidan ikveTeboda `adamianuri komediis~
mravalwaxnagovani xasiaTi, erTi `Cveulebrivi mokvdavis~ sas-
ceno Tavgadasavali, da... romelSic ixateboda mTeli modgmis
tkbil-mware biografia. erosis gvadi bigva sisxlxorceuli
nawili gaxldaT Cveni gaufasurebuli da dakninebuli wamis-
yofisa. is, rasac warmosaxavda erosi scenaze, ufro meti da
masStaburi Canda, vidre `kargad Sesrulebuli roli~.
erosi manjgalaZisTvis mTavari iyo imis Cveneba, Tu rogor
iRviZebda am `patara adamianSi~ Rirsebis grZnoba. uRirsebo
kacSi, cxovrebis oromtrials rom gaeTela da miegdo, Rir-

51
 maradi berika

sebis afeTqeba Tavad bunebis bednier xelgaSlilobad aRiq-

meboda. xelgaSlili artistizmiT TamaSobda Tavad msaxiobi,
gansakuTrebiT im epizodebs, sadac xasiaTis transformacia
iRebda saTaves da gvadis yofa axali kalapotiT miedinebo-
da. am dinebaSi Tavad msaxiobis pirovnuli sixalise da siame
TvalnaTliv Canda. erosi manjgalaZe bednieri iyo am mignebiT,
bednieri iyo, rom SeZlo, eCvenebina ara marto xasiaTis beCavi
da dakninebuli mxare, aramed is, Tu rogor aRmoaCina gvadim
sakuTar TavSi Zala da Semweoba kacurad rom Sesdgomoda
cxovrebis aRmarTs!
cxovrebis ukuRmarTma srbolam, gvadis Tvinierma Semgueb-
lobam, ZlierTa winaSe krTomam Camoayaliba misi `filosofia~,
msoflSegrZneba, samoqmedo kredo: `sicruiTa da mamaZaRlo-
biT~ rom gaetana lelo. xuTi Svilis gamokveba am codva-
madlian sawuTroSi advili saqme ar gaxldaT! gvadic cruobda,
`i paravda~ sakuTar ezoSi mandarins, Tavs isawylebda, Sromas
gaurboda, cdilobda pirmoTneobiT, sxvisi gulmowyale Sem-
weobiT esargebla. sxvisi xelis Semyure gvadi TandaTan gai-
riya da gaucxovda adamianuri Rirsebisagan. mis sxeuls iseve
Semoacvda tarebisagan gaxunebuli samosi, rogorc mis suls
_ Tvinierebisagan gaxunebuli adamianuri saxe. am saxis aRdge-
na, misi Sinagani samyaros aRorZineba saTaves iRebda Tavissave
jargvalSi, mama-papiseul fesvebTan dabrunebis Jams, roca
winaparTa TeTri CoxiTa da qamar-xanjliT damSvenebuli rea-
lobas gamowveviT usworebda Tvals. es TeTri Coxa-axaluxi
ara marto winaparTa cxovrebis wess axsenebda gvadis, aramed
gamoRviZebuli kacobis fernacval zneobazec miuTiTebda. ase
damSvenebul gvadis, Sinaganad gamTlianebulsa da Tavaweuls
`ca qudad ar miaCnda da dedamiwa qalamnad~.
scenis siRrmidan Semodioda yelmoRerebuli da Sinaganad
gasxivosnebuli gvadi _ erosi manjgalaZe. tanis rweviT Ca-
mouyveboda orRobes da sakuTari Tavis aRmoCeniT galaRebu-
li mReroda... misi `moguduli~ simRera kacad Sedgomis odas
emsgavseboda, misi cxovrebis gariJraJi eTqmoda am aRmtac

52
 naTela arvelaZe

gaxelebas da... uwindel `tyli pian~ gvadis, axla ki Coxa-

axaluxiT Semosil mamrs, ocnebiT mariami elandeboda, misken
iswrafoda. gvadi mariamTan midioda ara marto, rogorc mama-
kaci qalTan saaSikod, aramed, rogorc axalSobili RvTismSo-
belTan. is dajerebiT midioda mariamTan da Tan mihqonda yve-
laze sanukvari ZRveni _ gamoRviZebuli kacoba da adamianuri
Rirsebis grZnoba.
gvadis saxis gamometyveleba ecvleboda, is mzad iyo axa-
li urTierTobisaTvis, gulisnadebis gamxelisaTvis da, rac
mTavaria, adamianuri cxovrebis dawyebisTvisac. is mariams
grZnobaaSlili elaparakeboda, eJRurtuleboda, kvnesoda da
balRiviT tokavda, fexs malimal inacvlebda, marjvena xelis
salocavad Sekrul TiTebs bageze ifarebda, raTa Sinagani
aRtkineba daemala da zedmeti ar wamoscdenoda. mere gaogne-
bul mariams atuzuli da datuqsuli bavSviviT SeaCerdeboda,
uxaroda qalis siaxlove da rogorc xats, mokrZalebiT Seh-
yurebda. gvadis metamorfoziT Secbunebuli mariami _ medea
Caxava, siamiT icinoda, Se kaco, aqamde sad iyavio, TiTqmis
etitineboda kidec. sixaruliT aqebda mis Secvlil iers, Seh-
xaroda am ganaxlebul `niRabs~. gaTamamebuli gvadi mobodiSe-
biT umxelda, Coxa welSi viwro maqvs da Sen Tu miSvelio.
misken daxrili mariami Zalze axlo aRmoCnda gvadisTan. erT-
xanobas idgnen ase gatrunulebi, mariami axla Coxis kalTebs
usworebda kacs, isev aqebda damSvenebul mezobels. gamxnevda
gvadi, mariamis siTboTi waqezebulma qali Tavisken miizida da
xelze nazad eambora. vizualurad aseTi amaRlebul sasiyva-
rulo scenas Tan sdevda metismetad prozauli replikebi. es
`Seusabamoba~ poetur plastikur monaxazsa da prozaul rep-
likebs Soris badebda iumors, axarxarebuli mayurebeli ova-
cias ver iokebda da taSiT ajildovebda Cinebul msaxiobebs.
erTxanobas gayuCebulebi idgnen mariami da gvadi, mere mamaka-
ci isev daixreboda, jiutad waetaneboda qalis marjvenas da...
idayvamde daukocnida xels. am erTma niuansma vizualurad
amaRlebuli epizodi ucabedad `daamiwa~. da mariamis replika:

53
 maradi berika

ras Svrebi, Se kacoo! ukve mayureblis taSsa da xarxarSi

iZireboda. movlenis deromantizacia da ironia, Jestisa da
saqcielis dauridebloba Janris Taviseburebaze amaxvilebda
yuradRebas da exmianeboda epoqis suliskveTebas. tragikome-
dia farsis elementebiT iyo gajerebuli, rac kidev ufro
gamohkveTda samoedno sanaxaobis gamosaxvis formaTa siTamames,
fsiqodramisaTvis damaxasiaTebel personaJTa Sinagani svlebis
filigranul damuSavebas, komediisaTvis niSandobliv iumorsa
da simsubuqes, movlenaTa ganviTarebis tragikul finals da
mainc, gvadis Rirsebis grZnobis `afeTqeba~ iyo xasiaTis mTa-
vari feri, ZiriTadi bgera, romelic mariamTan `sasiyvarulo
epizodiT~ mTeli siRrmiT gamovlinda (leo qiaCelis prozis
adaptacia, mxatvari - dimitri TavaZe, kompozitori – biZina
kvernaZe, 1967 weli).

***
sxvadasxva Janris, xedvis, TamaSis wesis saocar gamo-
nagons aerTianebs Semoqmedis faqizi sulis TrTola, natifad
Zerwvis unari, dakvirvebuli ostatis ruduneba, asaxvis aris-
tokratiuli manera. misi speqtaklebis sasiyvarulo scenebi
naqsovi iyo daxvewili, haerovani, brwyinvale oqsinoTi. maTSi
gizgizebda trfobis Wiakokona, radganac `usiyvarulod, mze
ar sufevs cis kamaraze~... da es xdeboda postmodernuli
epoqis `preistoriul xanaSi~ da Semdgom, am mimarTulebis
TvisebaTa gamokveTis Jams. is Tanamedrove Semoqmedi gaxldaT
da esityveboda fexmokidebul mimdinareobas, magram ekamaTebo-
da mis ramdenime niSans, romelic Tan sdevda amgvar xelovne-
bas, miT ufro CvenSi momZlavrebul da moWarbebul Sav iumors,
usaSvelo nihilizms, RirebulebaTa imperatiul revizias,
faseulobaTa umkacres gadafasebas. miT ufro ver epueboda
epigonTa ambiciur imperativs. am fonze mixeil TumaniSvili
Zvelmodurad gamoiyureboda? ara mgonia! misi yoveldRiuri
yofa, sakuTari misiis aRsrulebis valdebuleba, `cxovreba
xelovnebaSi~ aerTianebda drois samive moduss: uRrmavdeboda
realobas, sulis yoveli kunWuliT grZnobda warsuls, iyu-

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reboda win da Wvretda perspeqtivas. brZeni berika maradi

berikobis dResaswauliT erTgulebda maradiul faseulobebs,
gamoxatavda maTs arssa da WeSmarit mniSvnelobas.
marTalia, reJisori ver egueboda sicrues, mankierebas,
siyalbes, ormag morals, zneobriv dakninebas, tiraniis ne-
bismier formebs; ver epueboda fsevdogmirTa aRiarebas, fsev-
doromantikas, fsevdoraindobas, adamianis sulier samyaros
gapartaxebas, nihilizmsa da ampartavnebas! Zvelmoduri iyo?
Aara mgonia! maradi berika maradiul mijnurad da maradiul
Tanamedroved darCa!..
qalbatoni staini heminguize aRniSnavda, rom igi Ta-
namedroved gamoiyureba, magram masSi muzeumis surnelic
SeigrZnobao. mixeil TumaniSvili Tanamedrove xelovani iyo da,
imavdroulad, klasikis surnelsac daatarebda. misi xelovneba
yovelTvis gzaTa gasayarze wamomarTul SuqniSnad aRiqmeboda.
SesaZloa, amitomac iqca bolo xans saerTo metrad, Tumca,
axalgazrdobidanve sargeblobda avtoritetiT.
Tavad xSirad ambobda: `axalgazrdobaSi mebrZodnen mo-
Warbebuli siTamamisTvis, mkrexelobad miiCnevdnen orlesul
gamomsaxvelobas, romelsac viyenebdi. axla, am siSiSvlis
fonze, es Zalze mokrZalebulad gamoiyureba, magram mTavaria,
sibereSi `dromoWmuli tradiciis~ damcvelad ar mimiCnion~.
afrTxobda Tavad sityva _ dromoWmuli, radganac mTeli
arsebiT dRevandel satkivarze, dRevandeli saTeatro esTeti-
kis formebze, dRevandel teqnikur saSualebaTa, mecnierul
mignebaTa arsze iyo dafiqrebuli, raTa ganeWvrita perspeq-
tiva, anu SeegrZno xvalindeli dRis sasceno Semoqmedebis
konturi.

***
yovelTvis mikvirda, ratom ar dadga rusTavelis Teatris
scenaze an Semdeg, Tavis TeatrSi, Seqspiris `romeo da ju-
lieta~. jer ambobda julieta da romeo ar myavso, mere roca
isini aRmoaCina, ori variantis dadgma undoda _ did scenaze
da mcire scenaze, ori versia, ori gansxvavebuli interpre-

55
 maradi berika

tacia, scenografia, musikaluri gaformeba, kostiumebi... asec

ambobda: klasikuri versia, modernuli versia. marsel karnes
`matyuarebi~ rom airCia dasadgmelad, maSinac `romeo da ju-
lietasTvis~ emzadeboda. sasiyvarulo epizodebis SeTxzvisas,
repeticiebzec sul isini, is ori veroneli axalgazrda edga
Tvalwin.
mcire scena zRapriT (`WinWraqa~) gaixsna. mas mwvave deba-
tebi mohyva. roca Sevaxsene Tavisi gadawyvetileba, tkiviliT
miTxra: `ara, axla ara! romeosa da julietas siyvarulze rom
uambo mayurebels, Tavadac Sinaganad aRtkinebuli unda iyo,
mocartma unda Caibudos SenSi, sul unda dafrinavde. TavSi
ki ar unda girtyamdnen... axla ar SemiZlia~. mere, roca fran-
ko Zefirelis filmi naxa, sTqva: `davigviane! amaze ukeTesad
ver davdgam, xolo ise, rogorc ekranzea, an masze odnav
naklebi gradusiT, _ ar Rirs!~ mere dasZina: `Tavadac msgavsi
versia mqonda mofiqrebuli. princi pi da pozicia, gadawyveta
hgavs erTmaneTs. CemTvisac TaobaTa dapirispirebis problemaa
mTavari, axali Taobis yofa, maTi suliskveTeba da montege-
bis, kapuletebis dapirispireba paraleluri, magram orive
mTavari xazia, am ormxriv konfliqtur garemoSi viTardeba
ori, siyvarulis niWiT gamorCeuli pirovnebis urTierToba.
amitomacaa tragedia yoveldRiuri, cxovrebiseuli gagebiTac
da Janris TvisebiTac. ufrosebma gawires axali Taoba, ro-
melTac ar undaT ise cxovreba, rogorc aRzardes, rogorc
Camoayalibes mamebma. mxolod montegebisa da kapuletebis kon-
fliqtze dRes ver aageb speqtaklis sqemas. siyvarulis xazic
araordinaluri unda iyos. mxedvelobaSi maqvs azric, pozi-
ciac, gamosaxvis formebic, Sesrulebis kulturac~.
karga xnis Semdeg, roca `zafxulis Ramis sizmari~ dadga,
isev davubrundiT Seqspiris tragediis SesaZlo interpre-
taciis problemas. veubnebi: `ninelisTvis unda dadgaT, jer
kidev SeuZlia julietas TamaSi (asaks vgulisxmobdi)~. man
mi pasuxa: `asaki reJisorisTvisac arsebobs~.
ase mgonia, rusTavelis TeatrSic da merec, sasiyvarulo
epizodebis gadawyvetis dros, yovel wyvils sul romeosa da
julietas adarebda.

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nawili meore

uTeatrod

57
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Teoretikosi, anu reJisori

Teatridan ver wavida

C vens saTeatro sinamdvileSi batoni miSa gamorCeulia

imiTac, rom man dagvitova umdidresi piradi arqivi,
romelic mis binaSi inaxeba da misi qaliSvili uvlis, elene
(lika) TumaniSvili. aseTi mravalmxrivi arqivi arc erT reJi-
sors ar dautovebia STamomavalTaTvis, momavali kolegebisaT-
vis, sasceno Semoqmedebis mkvlevarTaTvis. vinc erTxel mainc
gadaavlebs Tvals am sagulisxmo masalas, uTuod SeigrZnobs,
rogori intensiuri Sromis, fiqris, profesiis arsSi Rrmad
wvdomis, specifikuri mdidari literaturis Seswavlis, ga-
naTlebis Sedegia es saarqivo masala. aq waawydebiT mogonebebs,
dRiurebs, eqsplikaciebs, samecniero naSromebs (Teatralu-
ri institutis gegmiT gaTvaliswinebul nawerebs), momavali
speqtaklis dadgmisaTvis CaniSnul mosazrebebs, repeticiisa
Tu leqciebis mosamzadebel procesze, etiudebis siuJetebze
monaTxrobs, Canaxatebs, msaxiobTa daxasiaTebebs, reJisoris
Sinagan monologebs, mosazrebebs Teatris istoriaze, scenis
qarTvel ostatTa Teoriul gansjaTa Taobaze, sapublikaciod
gamzadebul teqstebs...
Tu Rrmad CavukvirdebiT am saTeatro literaturas, aRmo-
vaCenT metad simptomur da Zalze sasiamovno faqts _ avtori
mxolod TavisTvis, mocaleobis Jams TavSesaqcevad, institutis
saswavlo gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli naSromis zerele Sesrule-
bisaTvis ar qmnis maT (gamonaklisia misi dRiurebi, romelTa
wera 17 wlis asakSi dauwyia da ar Seuwyvetia sicocxlis
bolomde). am umdidresi da unikaluri nawerebis upirvelesi
adresati studentobaa, isinia, vinc xval SeaReben sruliad
saqarTvelos Teatrebis karibWes, Sevlen sarepeticio darba-
zebSi, Seabijeben did scenaze. igi, uwinaresad, maTTvis qmnis
naSromebs, raTa `savali gzisa~ gauadvilos maT, Seamzados
isini am rTulsa da eklian gzaze siarulisaTvis, Seexidos

59
 maradi berika

siarulis dros, daexmaros gzidan uneburi gadaxvevis Jams.

amitomac, WeSmaritebas moklebuli ar unda iyos Cemi
mosazreba, rom mixeil TumaniSvili yoveli msaxiobisaTvis,
reJisorisa Tu mkvlevarisaTvis maradiul Tanamosaubred mi-
viCnioT. ase mgonia, is yovel axal Taobas, yovel reJisorsa
Tu msaxiobs, vergiliusiviT CiraRdniT xelSi waruZRveba
tanjvisa da sixarulis im `jojoxeTsa Tu samoTxeSi~, Semoq-
medebiTi cxovreba rom hqvia. gzis gamkvalavad SemorCeba STa-
momavlobas misi saxeli, radganac profesiis anbanis Seswavla,
daostateba, profesiuli TviTSegneba, rolze da speqtaklze
muSaoba, uwinaresad, xelobis arsis Secnobas efuZneba. ba-
toni miSa, Tavisi nawerebiT am arsis SecnobisaTvis msubuqad,
TamaSiT amzadebs mkiTxvels. yovelma xelovanma Tavidanve, Ta-
visiT, sakuTari nebiT unda SeZlos, miakvlios da gaiTavisos
profesiis arsi, roli, mniSvneloba. es cnobieri procesia da
amdenad, Tanadgoma Tu mimarTulebis miniSneba metad Zvirad
fasobs. mixeil TumaniSvilis misia qarTul sinamdvileSi isic
aRmoCnda, rom ara marto TanamedroveTaTvis yofiliyo misi
pirovneba _ xelovani samagaliTo orientiri, aramed momavali
TaobebisaTvisac. esec TeatrisaTvis undoda. amitomac gamo-
arCevs TiToeul nawers, TiToeul striqonsa Tu mosazrebas
Teatrisadmi fanatikuri siyvaruli da udidesi pirovnuli
pasuxismgeblobis grZnoba.
mixeil TumaniSvili gangebisagan dajildoebuli aRmoCnda
weris niWiTac. misi Teoriuli gansjani, samecniero naSromebi,
monaTxrobi leqciebsa Tu repeticiebze, saTeatro peri pe-
tiebsa Tu Sida Teatralur procesebze, sasceno Semoqmedebis
sxvadasxva aspeqtsa Tu qarTuli Teatris istoriis sxvadas-
xva etapze, saTeatro literaturis namdvili SenaZenia. am
rangisa da xarisxis, am raodenobisa da Tvisebis naSromebi,
samwuxarod, qarTvel reJisorebs ar SeuqmniaT. rogorc Cans,
baton miSas esmoda, rom am mxrivac unda gamoeCina Zalisxmeva,
raTa reJisuris epoqaSi qarTvel praqtikossac Seeqmna iseTi
rangis literatura, rom am TvalsazrisiTac Seemzadebina

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niadagi momavali TaobebisaTvis. misi naazrevi ramdenime soli-

duri tomia msaxiobisa da reJisoris profesiaze, sxvadqce-
vis saidumloebaTa gacnobierebis SesaZleblobaze. TiToeuli
maTgani, gansakuTrebiT ki eqsplikaciebi da mosazrebani sta-
nislavskis mier aRmoCenil qmediTi analizis meTodze _ es
aris saxelmZRvanelo scenis ostatebis, Teatrmcodneebisa Tu
Teatris problemebiT dainteresebuli mkvlevarebisaTvis.
ramdenime sareJisoro gegma, msjeloba speqtaklis sqemis
agebis procesze, stanislavskis sistemaze, sityvis sasceno
transformaciaze, misi monaTxrobi momaval warmodgenasa Tu
studentebTan muSaobiis Taobaze imdenad sainteresod aris
dawerili, rom ikiTxeba, rogorc SesaniSnavi beletristi-
ka Teatris Sesaxeb. ramdenime amonarids moviSvelieb, Cemi
poziciis ganmtkicebisaTvis. Tavdapirvelad ki erT Canawers
movuxmob misi piradi dRiuridan, raTa naTeli gaxdes, ra
problemebi awvalebs cxovrebis wrebrunvaze Rrmad Cafiqre-
bul inteleqtuals, ratom, risTvis, visTvis wers `Tavisi
cxovrebis wigns~ da ratom marTavs dialogs sakuTar TavTan.
daaxloebiT 1982 wels dRiurSi Cauweria:
`ager ukve 44 welia, vwer Cemi cxovrebis wigns, romelic
aravis sWirdeba. SeiZleba, is Teatralurma muzeummac ki
SeiZinos, arqivSi rom dados. magram risTvis? aseTi ramdenia
im arqivSi? ara, muzeumisaTvis ar vwer, CemTvis vwer, imi-
saTvis, rom gadavikiTxo da gadavamowmo, sworad Tu vcxovrob,
rodis vcdebi, rodis vRalatob sakuTar Tavs, rodis vTmob
pozicias, rodis movisusteb da vkargav, vSordebi mizans. imi-
tom vwer, rom yovel dros, yovel wams SemeZlos gavixseno
yvelaferi: is kargi da cudi, rac cxovrebaSi Semxvedria; vwer
imitom, rom Tvali gadavavlo ras da rogor vakeTebdi; rode-
sac pirvelma adamianma mTvareze fexi dadga, ras vakeTebdi im
dros, rogor vazrovnebdi, raze vocnebobdi?
TiTqmis gavWaRaravdi. vgrZnob, rom is (sikvdils gulisx-
mobs _ n.a.) auCqareblad miaxlovdeba. banaluria, samagierod
_ utyuaria. axlovdeba, raTa erTi iskupos da waiRos is,

61
 maradi berika

risTvisac modis. xSirad SiSi mi pyrobs, magram vcdilob,

moviSoro es azrebi da ocnebas viwyeb imaze, rac jer ar
gamikeTebia. vcdilob, CemTvis gankuTvnili monakveTi xalisiT
da siamovnebiT, sxvaTaTvis, Cemi axloblebisTvis, arc Tu
usargeblod ganvvlo. rodis vgrZnob siamovnebas?
repeticias rom gavdivar _ bednieri var; rodesac Sin yve-
laferi rigzea da simSvidea _ bednieri var; rodesac vTxzav,
vwer, vxatav, vqmni (ra paTetikuri naTqvamia) _ bednieri var.
risTvis davibade? imisTvis, rom Cemi cxovrebis wigni davwero
da movkvde. Cemi dRiuri xom Zalze Cveulebrivia da ubralo,
iseve, rogorc Cemi cxovreba. ra saWiroa misi gamogoneba...
didi xnis winaT dawerilis gadakiTxva msiamovnebs. wera
maZlevs Zalas, cxovreba gavagrZelo. me realur, cxovre-
biseul viTarebebSi vimyofebodi, fiqrebiT da warmosaxviT
ki _ mudam sxvagan, Cems sakuTar, abstraqtul samyaroSi,
romelic cotaTi Tu waagavs realurs, es ufro galaqtikuri,
zRaprulia...
Znelia, ikiTxo meore adamianis gulisnadebi, Tuki mas
literaturuli forma ara aqvs. literatura _ es ukve xe-
lovnebis nawarmoebia. Cemi Canawerebi ki mxolod gancdebis,
fiqrebis kvals atarebs, Cemi cxovrebis nakvalevia, Cemi su-
lieri aqtiurobis nakvalevia~.
1990 wlis 3 maisi. dRiuris Canaweri:
`Tavs maincdamainc kargad ver vgrZnob. cxovrebam Caiara,
ramdeni met-naklebad Rirebuli speqtakli maqvs dadgmuli?
espaneli (`espaneli mRvdeli~ _ n.a.)
roca aseTi siyvarulia
WinWraqa
antigone
don Juani
bakula (`bakulas Rorebi~ _ n.a.)
qalaqi (`Cveni patara qalaqi _ n.a.)
sul es aris da es~.

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1972 wlis 30 dekembris Canaweri:

`sadRac amovikiTxe, rom simRera esaa _ teqsti, melodia,
Sesrulebis manera da ritmi. magram xom SeiZleba, ase vTqvaT:
`roli esaa _ teqsti, qceva (moqmedeba), Sesrulebis manera
(xerxi) da ritmi (ritmis cvalebadoba). gansxvaveba isaa, rom
simReris melodias kompozitori qmnis, msaxiobi ki mas Ta-
vis TavSive Txzavs (qceva). sityvebis saSualebiT is Txzavs
gmiris qmedebas, qcevas da am qcevas gansazRvrul `gasaRebSi~
asrulebs.
iseve, rogorc pawawina marcvlidan uzarmazari xe, palma,
amoizrdeba, aseve speqtaklic ideidan iwyebs aRmocenebas, age-
bas. momavali speqtaklis informacia `saTqmelSia~ Cadebuli.
es speqtaklis genebia...
rodesac piesis literaturul analizs vcdilob vswav-
lob `anatomias~ mkvdar sxeulze. es ideebisa da Temebis sfe-
roa, piesis Teatraluri analizi _ qmediTi sferos Seswavlaa,
azrobrivi gaSifvraa; es _ warmosaxviT aRdgenili cxovrebaa;
imis analizia, rogor icxovrebda adamiani (personaJi _ n.a.),
an adamianTa jgufi (adamianTa jgufi _ personaJebi _ n.a.),
isini cocxlebi rom yofiliyvnen.
dabolos, Canafiqri _ es aRdgomaa, an: ` da STabera pirsa
missa suli sicocxlisa da iqmna kaci igi sulad cxovelad~
(dab. II, 7)
ra SesaniSnavad aris es gamosaxuli miqelanjelos pla-
fonze. TiTSi (macxovris _ n.a.) koncentrirebuli warmoudge-
neli Zala, pirveli adamianis usicocxlo TiTSi gadaedineba
da is cocxldeba. ai, ras niSnavs, misce piesas axali si-
cocxle, axali sunTqva, raTa furcels, striqonebs, asoebs
moswydes da gorva-gorviT gauyves cxovrebis gzas, rogorc
mis meore nawilSia moniSnuli. esaa misi azri da arseboba.
azri _ idea
arseboba _ qmedeba da gancda
Tuki es ori nawili mxolod dasawyisia, mesame nawi-

63
 maradi berika

liT ganayofiereba moxdeba. da ai, speqtaklSic Caisaxa da

gaifurCqna sicocxle.
idea mamaa (geni),
qmedeba _ dedaa,
speqtakli _ nayofi, Sedegi.
TavisTavad nawilebs araferi SeuZliaT, mxolod erTia-
nobiT Serwymulebs ZaluZT Seqmnan is cocxali, mTrTolvare
ram, rasac speqtakli hqvia~.
1978 wlis 31 dekembris Canaweri:
SegrZnebebi _ badebs azrs,
azri _ badebs survilebs,
survilebi _ qcevebs,
qcevebi _ Cvevebs,
Cvevebi _xasiaTs,
xasiaTi _ adamians da mis beds.
ra sainteresoa!..
sulis moZraoba. ra aris es? arada, esaa yvelaze mTavari.
riRaciT adamianebi erTmaneTTan an sakuTar TavTan amyare-
ben kontaqts. es is aris, rac adamianebisagan, Cveulebriv,
dafarulia, magram rac mudmivad xdeba. esaa Cveni fiqrebi da
gancdebi: mouTmeneli, aforiaqebuli, mudmivad raRac miznis-
ken mswrafi. es faruli moZraobaa, swrafvaa erTi adamianisa
meorisaken. igi yofiTi saqmeebisa da Cvevebis miRmaa dafaruli.
sulis moZraoba _ esaa sxvaTaTvis maluli, magram mudmiv
moZraobaSi myofi saidumlo miswrafebani da gancdebi. esaa bi-
likebi, romlebic mudmivad gahyavT Cvens survilebs, fiqrebs
da grZnobebs, sxva adamianebTan urTierTobebs, uRran tyes
rom waagavs...~
1990 wlis 6 agvistos reJisorma dRiurSi aRniSna: `Tea-
tris xelovnebisaTvis yvelaze rTulia gamoxato adamianis
sulis moZraoba!!! es moZraoba iseve unda SeTxza, rogorc
kompozitori Txzavs musikas, Cveni notebia _ sulis qmedebani,
moZraobani _ Jestebi, mzera _ gancdebi~.

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mTeli es arqivi ki SesaZlebelia, miviCnioT erT did

`romanad~ Teatrze uzomod Seyvarebuli, TeatriT monusxuli,
TeatrisaTvis Tavdadebuli raindisa, romelsac agrerigad
exerxeboda literaturuli formis miniWeba fiqrisa, ocne-
bisa da siyvarulis aRsarebisaTvis. amis saukeTeso dasturia,
Tundac, sami dastambuli wigni: `sanam repeticia daiwyeba~,
`reJisori Teatridan wavida~, `axla ki, farda!~ (gamovida
misi gardacvalebis Semdeg).
`sanam repeticia daiwyeba~... (gamocemulia TbilisSi, 1978
wels). es batoni miSas pirveli wignia. erTi Tvalis gadavle-
bac ki naTels hfens, raoden mniSvnelovania avtoris mosaz-
rebani Semoqmedebis arsze:
`mSvenieria da zusti SemoqmedebiTi warmosaxvis formula
qarTuli zRaprebis winaTqmaSi: `iyo da ara iyo ra~. aq Serwy-
mulia realuri da gamonagoni, SesaZlebeli da SeuZlebeli.
am ori elementisagan ibadeba sruliad axali, manamde ar-
naxuli, SeTxzuli, rac SemdegSi damoukidebel sicocxles
iZens.
cxovrebiseuli STabeWdilebebis dagrovebis, damuSavebis
da Senaxvis meqanizmi uzrunvelyofs adamianis azrovnebas da
warmosaxvas masaliT, romelsac is saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi
iyenebs. swored cxovrebiseuli dakvirvebis Sedegad dagro-
vili masalis... sakuTar arsebaSi gatarebis unari aris Se-
moqmedebiTi warmosaxva...” (gv. 33). `da rodesac pirvelad
Cems mier SeTxzuli samyaros horizontze aRmobrwyindeba Cems
mier danaxuli mze, igi gaanaTebs cxovrebis daklaknil biliks,
romelic SeTxzulia calkeul epizodTa da xilvaTa mixedviT,
Cemma warmosaxvam SemaZlebina, es biliki ise damenaxa, rogorc
sxvebi ver xedaven. sxva TvaliT Sevxede, is SevniSne, rac
sxvebs ar SeumCneviaT.
kurTxeul arian Ziebis wuTebi, visac es wuTebi ar ga-
nucdia, igi sabraloa da sinanuls imsaxurebs. is ver gaigebs,
raa Semoqmedebis `tkivili~, aRmoCenis bedniereba, miRwevis
bedniereba~ (gv. 80).

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 maradi berika

meore wigni `reJisori Teatridan wavida~. (1983 wels

gamoica moskovSi) batoni miSa iSviaTi gulaxdilobiT aR-
wers saTeatro peri petiebs, miuTiTebs rusTavelis Teatri-
dan wasvlis mizezs, ayalibebs Tavis versias, tkiviliani da
sevdiani Txroba, SigadaSig saqmiani, zusti mosazrebebiT aris
gajerebuli da wigni reJisoris aRsarebiT mTavrdeba:
`ho marTla, vin modis Cems kvalze?.. vixseneb yvela
axalgazrda reJisorsa da msaxiobs da vcdilob, mivxvde,
maTgan vis SeuZlia iqces xvalindeli Teatris liderad. raa
saWiro imisaTvis, rom es adgili daikavon? dRes Cemi robert
sturua, gogi qavTaraZe da Temur CxeiZe arian liderebi.
xval, xval vin iqneba?
ho, am saRamos unda vnaxo Cemi axalgazrda reJisorebi
ranair varjiSebs atareben speqtaklis win. Cven Zalian did
mniSvnelobas vaniWebT am moments.
gadavdivar did xidze. male mivadgebi Zveli kinostudiis
WiSkars da teritorias, romelzec dgas Cveni Teatri. axla
davinaxav msaxiobTa nacnob saxeebs. gavaReb kars, Cven erTad
SevalT SenobaSi, scenaze avalT da daviwyebT repeticias.
me TeatrSi mivdivar. sxvagan, aba, sad unda mivdiode?~ (gv. 317).
`axla ki, farda!~ (gamocemulia TbilisSi 1998 wels)
xelnaweri dausrulebeli darCa, Tumca naSromis bolo
striqoni, finali mofiqrebuli hqonda. patara furceli ido
mis sawer magidaze, sxva xelnawerebTan erTad. masze ewera:
`axla ki, farda!~
wignSi Tavmoyrilia batoni miSas Canawerebi Teatrze,
leqciebze, rogorc Tavad miuTiTa _ `fiqrebi Teatris irgv-
liv~, `Ramis fiqrebi~, sami speqtaklis sareJisoro gegma.
da isev aRsareba, Teatrisadmi siyvarulis gamxela. samive
naSroms amTlianebs da hkravs Teatrisadmi fanatikuri siy-
varulis Tema.
`scenis ficarnagi. yovelTvis, rodesac mas parteri-
dan vuaxlovdebi, sruliad gansakuTrebuli, araCveulebrivi
grZnoba meufleba. minda movexvio, gulSi Cavikra es uxeSi,

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 naTela arvelaZe

xorkliani ficrebi, loya mivado, movefero, gavirindo da

aravis davuTmo. es amaRlebuli ficruli iataki imisaTvis
arsebobs, rom masze cxovreba gaTamaSdes. aq qmnian, war-
moaCenen adamianis arss, cxovrebis models. am grZnobaTa eSa-
fotze msaxiobi sajarod martodmarto rCeba Tavis gancdebTan,
vnebaTaRelvasTan, aRsarebasaviT saqveynod gamoaqvs yvelaferi,
rac mas ase aRelvebs da rac, Cveulebriv, sxvisTvis uxi-
lavia, farulia. am SemaRlebul moedanze adamiani _ msa-
xiobi ganwmendis rituals atarebs da maradiulTan miaxloe-
bas cdilobs. Teatraluri TamaSi _ kacobriobis bavSvobis
gagrZelebaa~ (gv. 5).
da isev axalgazrdebze fiqriT daasrula Canawerebi, axla
misi sityvebi anderZiviT JRers:
`Cven xelovnebis maradiul kanonebs gaswavliT, magram
Tqven Tqveni unda TqvaT da didi xnis namReri simRera ar
imeoroT. yvelaferi, rasac iswavliT, kaloobisas rom ician,
ise gaaniaveT da sityvaze nurafers dagvijerebT. yvelaferi
grZnobiT da gonebiT mosinjeT Tavad. TviTonve aRmoaCineT
TqvenTvis yvelaferi, rac jer ars, TeatrSi aRmoaCinoT.
Cvens xelovnebaSi Zalze cota ram Tu SeiZleba gamravlebis
tabulasaviT daiswavloT, minda gisurvoT, Tqveni sakuTari
xmiT gamoxatoT dro.
axla ki farda!~ (gv. 130).
misi nawerebi, Teoriuli naSromebi, wminda praqtiku-
li mniSvnelobis Canawerebi ara marto qarTuli saTeatro
literaturis nimuSad SeiZleba CaiTvalos, aramed SesaZle-
belia axali ti pis saTeatro literaturis maRali rangis
gamomxatvel naSromebad davasaxeloT giorgi tovstonogovis,
piter brukis, jorjo streleris, anatol efrosis, eJi
grotovskis, anatol vasilievis naazrevis gverdiT. am Tval-
sazrisiT ara marto Cveni erovnuli Teatri, aramed qarTuli
saTeatro literaturac, SesaZlebelia, ganvixiloT msoflio
saTeatro cxovrebis konteqtstiT. es ki, uwinaresad, batoni
miSas damsaxurebaa. man es rolic, profesiuli TviTSegnebiTa

67
 maradi berika

da RirsebiT aRvsilma, Cinebulad Seasrula.

naSromebis umetesoba Seqmnilia im periodSi, rodesac is
rusTavelis Teatridan wavida. imxanad igi Teatralur insti-
tutSi muSaobda pedagogad da televiziis sadadgmo redaqcias
xelmZRvanelobda. yvelani, vinc maSin vmuSaobdiT redaqciaSi,
bednierad vTvlidiT Tavs, rom masTan saqmiani urTierTobis
dauviwyari wuTebi ganvicadeT. CemTvis, rogorc Teatrmcod-
nisTvis, kidev erTi aspeqtiTac mniSvnelovania es periodi.
TviTmxilveli aRmovCndi, rogor iqmneboda satelevizio dadg-
mebi, rogor muSaobda is da rogor qmnida qaRaldze kadreb-
is Tanamimdevrobas da mere, rogor gadahqonda es `Spargal-
ka~ ekranze. da kidev, TviTmxilveli aRmovCndi im procesisa,
rogor grZeldeboda misi gakveTilebi, reJisuris leqciebi
– amJamadD erTi studentisTvis, giorgi (kaxa) kaxabriSvi-
lisTvis. is yvelas gvaswavlida, magram esmoda, rom kaxa iyo
mTavari! Mmisi saxiT, televiziam profesionali teledadg-
mebis reJisori SeiZina. Aam TvalsazrisiTac Rirebulia misi
moRvaweoba aRniSnul redaqciaSi. SesZino am axal movlenas,
satelevizio-sadadgmo redaqcias, momaval satelevizio Teatrs
profesionali reJisori (vgulisxmob, uwinaresad, teqnikis
flobas, improvizaciuli TavisuflebiT Seqmnili epizodebis
ekranze gadatanas, Caweris dros myisier formaTa mignebas),
telereJisuris specifikis codniT SeiaraRebuli specialisti
– metad mniSvnelovania. Kkaxa kaxabriSvilis saqmianobaSi Cans
misi moZRvris swavlebis kvali.
Aam wlebSi batonma miSam institutSi Secvala swavlebis
forma, SemoiRo msaxiobebisa da reJisorebis erToblivi wvrTnis
sistema, Camoayaliba eqsperimentuli jgufi; Seqmna `meTerT-
mete auditoriis Teatri~, dgamda telespeqtaklebs, werda
naSromebs Teatrze, SemoqmedebiT procesze, reJisorebisa da
msaxiobebis aRzrdis meTodze... intensiurad muSaobda, rogorc
yovelTvis `formaSi iyo~, magram 11 saaTze TeatrSi repeti-
ciaze ar mieCqareboda! speqtaklebs scenaze ar dgamda, amitomac,
umetesad, sevdiani, Cafiqrebuli, gulgatexilic iyo!..

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***
mixeil TumaniSvils Zalze gauWirda gadawyvetilebis
miReba da rusTavelis Teatridan wasvla. amdeni usamarTlo
Semotevebis Semdeg, dasSi bzari mainc gaRrmavda. amis gaZleba
mis gasaocar moTminebis unarsac ki aRemateboda da... moxda
mosaxdeni! daiwera gancxadeba Teatridan wasvlis Taobaze.
maSin Tavad ukve aRar vmuSaobdi TeatrSi, magram Cemi wignebi
mqonda datovebuli kancelariaSi, qalbaton nino CixlaZesTan.
man icoda, sadac viyavi da damireka. TeatrSi misuls, qalba-
toni nino patara derefanSi damxvda, xelSi furceli eWira,
aforiaqebuli Canda. furceli gamomiwoda da TiTqmis acrem-
lebulma miTxra: `es damitova batonma miSam da wavida. roca
wavikiTxe gancxadeba, ukan davedevne, magram ver davewie. ra
viRono?~ es ra xdebao, _ tkiviliT daayola da gayuCda.
avReldi. Zlivs gavarCie naweri da vkiTxe: `vinmem naxa es
gancxadeba?~ arao, _ mi pasuxa. verc veravin naxavs-meTqi vuTx-
ari da gancxadeba davxie. Secbunebul, uaRresad keTilSobil
qalbaton ninos Sevpirdi, rom binaze mivakiTxavdi baton miSas
da iqidan davurekavdi.
batonma miSam kari gamiRo, ferwasuli idga karis WrilSi,
vdumdiT. karga xans videqiT ase, uxmod vsayvedurobdi. mere
visxediT lojiaSi da karga xans vdumdiT. gamaxsenda, rom
qalbatoni nino meloda. Zalian Cumad vTqvi, rom gancxadeba
davxie da patara nagleji gavuwode, masze mxolod erTi sity-
va iyo SemorCenili: `gTxovT~... `gadawyvetilebas ar Sevcvli!~
batonma miSam TiTqos TavisTvis Cailaparaka, xmaSi simtkice
aRar igrZnoboda. `ar SeiZleba axla Teatris mitoveba, xom
xedavT, ra xdeba. kapitulacia gamosavali ar aris~. ramde-
nime argumenti Camovayalibe. batoni miSa dumda. isev Camowva
mZime pauza. movida misi meuRle, qalbatoni leila, magida
gaawyo da dananebiT miTxra: `ar vicodi, Tu moxvidodi, Torem
torts dagaxvedrebdi~. roca maTTan vstumrobdi, iumoriT
vambobdi: axla stumrad var profesorTan da gamimaspinZldiT

69
 maradi berika

ise, rogorc profesors Sehferis-meTqi. miT ufro maSin

gamovTqvamdi protests, roca qalbaton leilas gamomcx-
var Cinebul bezes torts ver maxvedrebdnen. axla xumrobis
Tavi ar mqonda. TiTqmis ubrad visadileT. mxolod qalbatoni
leila gvixsnida, ratom dawera gancxadeba batonma miSam da
rom infarqts Teatridan wamosvla sjobda. gamomSvidobebisas
momeCvena, rom daviTanxme, yovel SemTxvevaSi, batoni miSa
damSvidebuli Canda.
meore dRes, Teatraluri institutis SesasvlelTan gior-
gi gegeWkors Sevxvdi. aRelvebuli Canda. mosalmebas sayveduri
mkacrad daatana: `es ra qna miSam, gancxadeba rogor dawera,
magaTac es undaT!..~ damSvideba vcade: `ara, guSin davxie gancx-
adeba da gvianobamde masTan davrCi~. `ara, dRes diliT dawera
da Turme, pirdapir kulturis ministris mdivans Caabara~ _
guljavrianma miTxra da Teatrisken gaswia. gaognebulma isev
mivaSure barnovis quCas... sityvebs ver vpoulobdi, dialogs
azri ar hqonda, batoni miSa sxva ganzomilebaSi aRmoCnda.
meore dRes isev vestumre. kari qalbatonma leilam gami-
Ro. batoni miSa oTaxSi idga. fermixdili saxe, Camcxrali
Tvalebi, sasowarkveTili mzera... gavifiqre: axlaRa gaacnobi-
era, rom Teatridan wavida! eiforiam rom gadauara, tkivilis
gadatana gauWirda, motyda, Caiferfla!.. erT RameSi rogor
Seicvala! _ da cremli momadga Tvalze. welgamarTuli siaru-
liRa SemorCa Zveleburi. videqiT ase karga xans. mere Camarcv-
liT Tqva _ `arsad mimeCqareba!~ galaktionis erTi striqoni
amekviata: `yvela SandalSi Caqra sanTeli~, gulSi vimeorebdi
da vcdilobdi, Cavwvdomodi misi sityvebis qveteqsts: ras
niSnavda CamarcvliT naTqvami _ `arsad!~ uTuod, imas mianiS-
nebda _ Tu rusTavelis TeatrSi ar midioda, maSin `arsad~
mieCqareboda! isev galaktioni Semexmiana: `daiwvas guli uc-
naur trfobiT~. Cems Tvalwin Teatris `ucnaur trfobiT~
iwvoda TumaniSvilis guli. axlac Tvalwin midgas, rogor
ijda magidasTan welgamarTuli, magram erTianad gadabuguli
da `arsad mieCqareboda!~

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im dRes mivxvdi da gavige, rogor `tydeba guli~; roca

Teatris `siyvarulis dResaswauli~ wamierad ewireba fari-
sevelTa ugono gniass. TumaniSvils arsad mieCqareba! vis Sei-
Zleba moeTxovos pasuxi?
TumaniSvils rusTavelis TeatrSi aRar mieCqareba!
TumaniSvils rusTavelis TeatrSi ar elian repeticiaze!..
Sin mimavals, sadarbazos SesasvlelTan erosi manjgala-
Ze Semomxvda. `rogor aris?~ _ mkiTxa da Seyovnda. `rogor
iqneba!~ vupasuxe da vkiTxe: `erosi, Senc fiqrob, rom Te-
atridan wasvla gamosavalia?~ erosim naRvlianad mi pasuxa:
`aba, guli gauskdes? es ginda?~ is zeviT, TumaniSvilebTan
avida, Tvali gavayole da gamaxsenda: sul cota xnis winaT,
roca Tavadac davwere gancxadeba Teatridan wasvlis Taobaze,
sergo zaqariaZis kabinetidan gamosuls, scenis SesasvlelTan
erosi manjgalaZe meloda. misTvis qalbaton ninos uTqvams,
naTelam baton sergos gancxadeba Seutanao. manqanaSi usi-
tyvod CavsxediT da mcxeTisken gaaqrola, cota mainc rom
davmSvidebuliyavi. gzaSic da sveticxovlis ezoSic bevri vi-
saubreT Teatrze. mere, roca saxlTan manqanidan gadmovdiodi,
xeliT SemaCera, TvalebSi Camxeda da gaocebulma miTxra:
`mainc rogor SesZeli Teatridan wasvla?!~ es epizodi gamax-
senda da gavifiqre: Tuki erosimac urCia baton miSas gancxa-
debis dawera, etyoba, raRac usaSvelo marTlac xdeboda...
bevri ram mere gaxda cnobili...
ukve aRvniSne, rom batoni miSa iSviaTad muSaobda mSvi-
dad. Teatris direqtorobis dros, dorian kitia cdilobda,
misTvis dartymebi aecilebina, magram yovelTvis verc is
axerxebda `mexamridis~ rolis Sesrulebas. man sami Zlieri
dartyma gadaitana, araerTgzis presa, Semdeg Teatraluri
sazogadoebis gamgeobis plenumi (Tanac ori!) mieZRvna batoni
miSas personas: pirvelad _ roca axalgazrdebis mrwamss gamo-
xatavda da qmnida e.w. `Svidkacas~; meored, roca `WinWraqa~
da `zafxulis Ramis sizmari~ dadga da kritikosebi, kul-
turis saministros moxeleebi (ministri, moadgile, sammarT-

71
 maradi berika

velos TanamSromlebi) aqtiurad ibrZodnen, raTa `daecvaT~

rusTavelis Teatri TumaniSvilis eqsperimentebisagan; mesamed,
roca sergo zaqariaZis gardacvaleba gamoiyenes masTan an-
gariSsworebis sababad. maT Soris ki, SedarebiT `msubuqi~
biZgebiT cdilobdnen sazogadoebisaTvis SeexsenebinaT, rom
rusTavelis Teatris gmirul-romantikuli tradiciis xelyo-
faSi mTavari damnaSave mixeil TumaniSvili iyo.
mesame Zlier Semotevas, rogorc Cans, veRar gauZlo da
mixeil TumaniSvili rusTavelis Teatridan wavida!.. Tavisi
mosazrebebi Semdeg Camoayaliba wignSi `reJisori Teatridan
wavida!~ miuxedavad imisa, rom gulwrfelad gviambo, rac
xdeboda im xanad Teatrsa da mis gareT, vfiqrob, metisme-
tad daindo Tavisi `maradiuli~ oponentebi, gansakuTrebiT
erT-erTi aqtiuri moTave mTeli am Teatraluri intrigebisa
(mizezi subieqturia. ras vizamT, arc mixeil TumaniSvili iyo
dazRveuli adamianuri sisusteebisagan), mis mimarT uzomo pa-
tiviscemis mizeziT, amjerad arc Tavad mivuTiTeb TiToeuli
maTganis vinaobas.
ra Tqma unda, erT-erTi mizezi batoni miSas gadawyveti-
lebisa iyo is bzari, rac dasSi Teatrze gauTavebel Tavdas-
xmebs mohyva. masze Zalze sainteresod gviambobs Tavad reJi-
sori. magram mTeli es sazogadoebrivi rezonansi, gauTavebeli
miTqma-moTqma mohyva batoni sergo zaqariaZis gardacvalebas.
is 1971 wlis aprilSi daawvines `leCkombinatSi~ da 13 ap-
rils gardaicvala. Teatris xelmZRvaneloba Zalze did ener-
gias, datvirTvas, Zalebis mobilizebas iTxovs. TeatrSi baton
sergosac hyavdnen ukmayofiloni. Turme, mas guli awuxebda.
rodesac diliT batoni sergos gardacvalebis ambavi Se-
vityveT, saavadmyofos Sesasvlel, ganier kibeebTan Seikribnen
msaxiobebi, batoni sergos Tayvanismcemlebi da axloblebi,
eqimi gamovida da ganacxada, rom ukve erTi welia, rac misi
janmrTeloba TandaTan uaresdeboda, sakvirvelic kia, amden
xans rogor gauZloo. iq myofni prozeqturisaken gaveSureT.
batoni miSa da me erTad mivediT da aseve erTad aRmovCndiT

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prozeqturisken mimaval gzaze. Sori-axlos, xesTan SevCer-

diT. yvelani vdumdiT. ucbad, am gunds gamoeyo erTi msaxiobi,
mogviaxlovda, Cemsken gadmoixara da mkacrad miTxra: `Sen
xom patiosani adamiani xar, ra ginda am mkvlelis gverdiT!~
uxerxuli siCume Camowva. batonma miSam ukan daixia, Seecada
gamcloda, aeridebina CemTvis usiamovneba, gafiTrebuli Canda.
ar vici, Tavad rogor gamoviyurebodi, magram saxe mixur-
da da guli Zlier micemda. araferi miTqvams msaxiobisTvis,
protestis niSnad gamovtrialdi, isev batoni miSas gverdiT
davdeqi da xeli Cavkide. gamoasvenes batoni sergos cxedari.
Sekrebilebi ukan gavyeviT. mere baton miSasTan erTad mis bina-
Si aRmovCndiT. naTeli iyo, rom morigi skandali mwifdeboda.
`kudianebze nadiroba~ daiwyeboda. asec moxda...
im xanad baton sergos uari uTxres axali biniT dakmayo-
filebaze. misi didi ojaxi marTlac ver eteoda standartul
samoTaxian binaSi, magram komunisturi partiis centraluri
komitetis maRalCinosans Tavisi naTesavisaTvis miucia bina da
Seiqmna Zalze uxerxuli situacia. Teatris xelmZRvanelobis
Tavsatexs daerTo es usiamovnebac, isedac daavadebulma gul-
ma ver gauZlo da batoni sergo gardaicvala. komunisturi
partiis centraluri komitetis mdivnebi sagonebelSi Cavard-
nen, maT ar surdaT, gaxmaurebuliyo es ambavi da `ganteve-
bis vacs~ daeZebdnen. meore dRes qalaqis partiuli aqtivis
sxdomaze gamosula batoni miSas oponentTagan yvelaze didi
intrigani da uTqvams: sergo zaqariaZe mixeil TumaniSvilTan
dapirispirebas Seewirao. partiulma aqtivma SvebiT amoisun-
Tqa. qalaqSi saSineli Worebi gavrcelda...
yoveldRe mivdiodi baton miSasTan, metismetad ganicdida
aseT usamarTlo braldebas, miT ufro, rom telefonis zari
ar wydeboda, `ucnobebi~ (zogis xmas vcnobdiT kidec!) rekav-
dnen, aginebdnen, uwmawuri sityvebiT `amkobdnen~ reJisors
da emuqrebodnen...
erT dilas kari batonma miSam gamiRo, male qalbatoni
leilac gamoCnda. batonma miSam SemaCera, karze WikartebiT

73
 maradi berika

mimagrebuli rveulis furceli gadaswia da... gamoCnda Savi

saRebaviT warwerili erTaderTi sityva: `mkvleli!~ aTi dRe
vijeqi telefonTan da vigeriebdi saSinel ginebasa Tu muqa-
ras! mere modioda rezo CxaiZe (batoni miSas mowafe), Cven
vCurCulebdiT, rom maspinZels ar gaego, ra xdeboda TeatrSi,
quCaSi, an institutsa Tu kulturis saministroSi. gvian mo-
dioda erosi manjgalaZe, manqaniT mivyavdi Sin da brundeboda
TumaniSvilebTan. Teatridan meti aravin gamoCenila.

am periodis dRiuris Canaweri:

1971 wlis 30 maisi.
`saRamos babukasTan (bicolaCemTan) viyavi. Sin gvian da-
vbrundi. karis saxelurze _ akaciis Taiguli, karebis qveS
ki baraTi damxvda:
`batono miSa!
Zalian, Zalian gviyvarxarT. viyaviT, ar dagvxvdiT sax-
lSi.
mTeli Tqveni jgufi.
n. bagrationi, n. CiqviniZe, m. janaSia, d. kvircxalia~...
qvemoT minaweria:
`Cemo kargo, sayvarelo bavSvebo eqsperimentuli jgufi-
dan!
madlobeli var, rom zurgi ar SemaqcieT CemTvis esoden
mZime Jams!!!~
kidev erTi Canaweri:
`ar unda movkvde, unda veZebo raRac axali. ra _ ar vici,
magram unda veZebo, davisveno da mere veZebo axali cxovreba
xelovnebaSi~.
oponentebi kmayofilni arian _ maT gaimarjves! batoni
miSa ki fiqrobs sarepeticio procesis ganaxlebaze, saTeatro
esTetikis feriscvalebaze, `xelovnebaSi cxovrebis~ Secvla-
ze. siaxleTa Ziebaze fiqri arc umZimes wuTebSi Seuwyvetia.
Zieba, moqmedeba, cvlileba _ misi stiqia gaxldaT!

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1971 wlis 7 agvistos ki dRiurSi Cauweria:

`rogorc gadanergili guli, romelic vera da ver eTvi-
seba axal garemos _ ise var. vera da ver vpoulob cxovrebis
ritms. vixrCobi!~
batoni miSas sulieri mdgomareoba, misi gancdebi da
fiqri ar ainteresebdaT partiul bosebs, isini kmayofilni
iyvnen: sazogadoebis yuradReba gadaitanes Worebze, TumaniS-
vilze, dasze; mkacri oponentebi kmayofilni iyvnen _ bolos
da bolos, amdeni brZolis Semdeg miaRwies sawadels, Tu-
maniSvili daisaja! mas xom TeatrSic hyavda ukmayofiloni
_ isinic damSvidnen, egonaT, maTi cxovreba ukeTesobisken
Seicvleboda...
batonma miSam Tavisi cxovrebis es monakveTi TiTqos
windawinve SeigrZno, gumaniT ganWvrita, ra eloda sa-
miod wlis Semdeg...

***

mixeil TumaniSvilma Jan anuis `antigone~ dasadgmelad

airCia maSinve, rogorc ki `gvadi bigvas~ sapremiero dReebma
Caiara. 1968 wlis movlenebs ase Seexmiana. RamiT Cven vus-
mendiT radio `Tavisuflebis~ gadacemas da meore dRes erT-
maneTs vuziarebdiT STabeWdilebebs. metismetad mRelvared ga-
nicdida movlenebs da ambobda: `msoflio icvleba, Zveleburad
muSaoba aRar SeiZleba, unda Seicvalos, Tundac, saTeatro
xelovneba~...
8 aprils dRiurSi Cauweria: `axla cudi, mkvdari Teat-
ris aRdgenas cdiloben. arada, piriqiT, swored axla, mTeli
ZaliT cocxali Teatrisken unda miviswrafvodeT. magram ro-
gor? `antigones~ repeticiebze vcdilob mivaRwio amas~.
siaxleTa SegrZneba, politikur Tu Teatralur movlenaTa
siRrmiseuli wvdoma, utyuari alRo da Semdgom, adekvaturi
sasceno ambis SeTxzva, misi stiqia gaxldaT. `antigones~ repe-

75
 maradi berika

ticiebze marTlac jadoqariviT qmnida sakuTar SegrZnebaTa

Sesabamis atmosferos, sasceno orTabrZolebs, metaforebs.
iqve, repeticiaze agnebda, cvlida, Zerwavda... improvizaciiT
igonebda gamomsaxvelobiT saSualebebs. zogierT maTgans gu-
Sin mosmenil gadacemasa da diliT STabeWdilebis gaziare-
bis dros Camoyalibebul mosazrebaTa kvali aCnda. sxeuliT,
guliT, goniT isrutavda, gamosaxavda, Tundac, impulsur
SegrZnebebs. magram axla mTavari is iyo, rogor Sexvda, igrZ-
no, gaiTavisa is movlenebi, rac damaxasiaTebeli aRmoCnda
evropa-amerikis sazogadoebrivi cxovrebisaTvis. igrZno cvli-
lebaTa gardauvaloba!
am cvlilebaTa dasturad qmnida `antigones~ azrobriv
partituras, plastikur monaxazs, TamaSis wess, mxatvar gogi
guniasTan erTad karga xans eZiebda ori samyaros, sami epoqis,
ori urTierTgamomricxavi poziciis gamomxatvel garemos. an-
tikuri epoqa (miTis siuJeti), 1943 weli _ piesis daweris
TariRi, XX saukunis 60-70-iani wlebis mijna _ speqtaklis
dadgmis droeba, 1968 weli; ori samyaro _ konformistTa
komfortabeluri yofa da antikonformistTa vnebaTaRelva; an-
tigonesa da kreonis arCevani, urTierTgamomricxavi poziciis,
princi pebis, ideaTa dapirispirebis procesis warmoCena, ro-
gorc kompromisuli cxovrebis wesisa da ukompromiso arCe-
vanis Sedegad warmoqmnili, Sinaganad Tavisufali pirovnebisa
da sakuTari gamocemuli kanonebis monas Soris dauZleveli
konfliqti.
mixeil TumaniSvilis 1967-1968 wlebis Canawerebi zus-
tad asaxavs qveynis zneobriv atmosferos, komunistTa ormagi
standartiT cxovrebis formas. rac mTavaria, misi eqsplika-
cia _ `antigone~ naTlad miuTiTebs, ratom airCia man dasad-
gmelad swored Jan anuis inteleqtualuri drama, swored
im wlebSi, rodesac reJimi Tavisi arsebobis axal fazaSi
aRmoCnda, xolo, dasavleTis saxelmwifoTa cxovrebis wess,
konformistTa respeqtabelur yofas aujanyda axalgazrdoba.
Canaweri miuTiTebs, rom reJisors Cafiqrebuli hqonda,

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musikaluri da xmovani partituriT daewyo speqtakli: `gais-

ma manqanis muxruWebis saSineli RrWiali (avtokatastrofa
moxda) da verdis `rekviemi~ (sayvirTa bRavili). sibnelidan
moCans oRroCoRro gzebze saSineli siswrafiT mimavali ori
manqanis anTebuli farebis cimcimi. manqanebi miqrian da mosa-
xvevSi cdiloben erTmaneTs gauswron _ es Cveni sazogadoebaa,
romelic sicruis, siyalbis, farisevluri lozungebis gziT
ufskrulisaken mieqaneba~ (`axla ki, farda~, gv. 262).
rogorc irkveva, Tavdapirvelad, maTi ekranze Cveneba
surda reJisors, Semdeg gadaifiqra. speqtaklSi, scenaze Can-
da manqanis farebis TvalismomWreli Suqi. mrume sibneleSi
ori sxivis Zlieri naTeba sagangaSo ganwyobas qmnida, rasac
aZlierebda sayvirTa borgva, msxvrevis gruxuni, saswrafo
daxmarebis manqanebis gabmuli sirenis xma. gangaSis mauwyebeli
uvertiuriT iqmneboda katastrofis SegrZneba. katastrofa
mosalodneli ubedureba ki ara, ukve momxdari faqtis dekla-
racia gaxldaT. ambis Txroba amitomac iwyeboda aseTi ganga-
SiT. sazogadoebis zneoba iseve moryeuli aRmoCnda, rogorc
saxelmwifo manqanisa, mTlianad moxeleebisa. finalis Taoba-
ze reJisori aRniSnavs: `kreoni martoa (mis gverdiT patara
biWunaa _ misi sindisi). kreoni samuSaoze midis. dRes biuros
sxdomaa, moxsenebiT unda warsdges. sazogadoebaSi Zveleburad
yvelaferi rigzea ~ (`axla ki, farda~, gv. 276)
scenaze imave logikiTa da xedviT iyo gadawyvetili ambis
finali _ dramatuli movlenebis Semdgom kreoni nacrisfer
pijaks (moxeleebis uniformas) TeTr, gaxamebul perangze
irgebda da halstuxs isworebda, Rilebs ikravda. is sxdomi-
saTvis emzadeboda! is saxelmwifos marTavda! man es valdebu-
leba ikisra da unda Seesrulebina kidec! xolo, rogori iyo
saxelmwifo, an rogor marTavda mas, an moxeleTa da sociumis
urTierTobaTa mizezebze is arc ki dafiqrebula. sakuTari
fesvebisa da movlenebis mizezTa Zieba oidi posis prerogativa
gaxldaT, kreoni saamisod dros ver imetebda, mas sxdomaze
mieCqareboda. mis gegmebs ki verc antigones, verc hemonis, miT

77
 maradi berika

ufro, verc evridikes sikvdili ver cvlida. sergo zaqaria-

Zis gafiTrebul, garindul, kuSt pirisaxeze misi Sinagani
monologi advilad ikiTxeboda, mis gverdiT mdumare biWu-
na _ (marine janaSia) idga, mas saTamaSo burTi xelT epyra,
isini garegnuli simSvidiT miemarTebodnen. vis upyria xelT
samyaro? is xom saTamaSod iqca umwifari ymawvilis xelSi?
_ es kiTxva uneburad amotivtivdeboda gonebaSi, am dros ki
qoros (guram saRaraZe) sityvebi, isev manqanis gabmuli sire-
nis xmaSi ikargeboda.
reJisori ase amTavrebs Txrobas: `sadRac sibneleSi miqris
manqana, ismis saswrafo daxmarebis manqanis gamgmiravi wivili,
avismomaswavleblad cimcimebs naTura manqanis saxuravze. mag-
ram xom ar daagviana ukve?~ (axla ki, farda~, gv. 276-277).
mere scenaze swrafad iTiSeboda sofitebi, pistoletebi,
wyvdiadSi ikargeboda gamyinavi xmauri, sayvirebisa da sire-
nis xma, mdumareba isadgurebda scenazec da darbazSic. Tavis
fiqrebSi, asociaciebSi danTqmuli mayurebeli erTi wamiT
Tavis TavTan ganmartoebuli Canda... mere naTdeboda scena da
mayureblis ovacia karga xans ar cxreboda. uvertiura, Txro-
bis dasawyisi da safinalo koda erT mTlianobas qmnida da
warmoaCenda damdgmelis pozicias. gangaSis mauwyebeli mov-
lenaa _ `ufskrulSi gadaCexili sazogadoeba!~ misi ambavi _
`garegnulad yvelaferi rigzea!~ da misi arsebobis dasasruli:
isev gangaSis mauwyebeli, katastrofis mimaniSnebeli xmauris
partitura _ `xom ar daagviana ukve?..~ am garegnuli, plas-
tikuri monaxazis simwyobris, Sinagani daZabulobis da metad
simptomuri asociaciuri nakadis SemweobiT, sami drois mon-
taJi (antikuri epoqa, XX saukunis 40-iani wlebi da 60-iani
wlebis dasasruli), TiTqos, TavisTavad qmnida zedroulobis
gancdas, amasTanave, maxvilgonierebiTa da saSineli winaTgrZ-
nobiT Tanamedrove samyaros bedis trialsa da mis savalalo
perspeqtivaze mianiSnebda Teatri sazogadoebas.
aq, mizez-Sedegobrivi kavSiri, movlenaTa logikuri gan-
viTareba, kontrastica da Sinagani gaerTianebac maradiul

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sawuxarze mianiSnebda. antikuri epoqidan daZruli umTavresi

problema: saxelmwifo _ individi _ sociumi, an saxelmwifo
_ pirovneba _ sociumi, jerac gadauWreli dilema aRmoCnda.
samyaros pirveladi kanonis _ miTis _ interpretacias, reJi-
sorul msoflaRqmasa da sasceno ambis mxatvrul gadawyvetas
drois anabeWdi Zalumad aCnda.
reJisorma eqsplikaciaSi speqtaklis situacia ase gan-
sazRvra: `mTavrobis sawinaaRmdego ajanyebis dros daiRupa
antigones orive Zma, iodi posis vaJebi. mTavrobam (kreonma)
erTi maTgani didi pativiT dakrZala, ise, rogorc namdvil
gmirs Seefereba, meore ki _ sxvebisaTvis Wkuis saswavleb-
lad, brZolis velze afTarTa da orbTa sajijgnad datova _
ai, ase mouva yvelas, vinc kanonieri xelisuflebis damxobas
ganizraxavso!~ (`axla ki, farda!~ gv. 262-263)
speqtaklis mxatvruli gadawyvetis princi pi, misi azrob-
rivi partitura, qveteqsti, qveteqstis qveteqsti, asocia-
ciebis miniSnebebi, sanaxaobis ambivalenturi wyoba, plasti-
kuri monaxazis paraboluri sistema, miTis interpretaciis
saxeoba naTlad mianiSnebda ara marto arqeti puli samyaros
sazogadoebriv yofaze, aramed Tanamedrove sociumis Sinagan
degradaciaze, ormagi standartiTa da siyalbis kultivire-
biT warmoqmnil darRveul realobaze, adamianTa Tanacxovre-
bis disharmoniaze. es koSmari TavisTavad iTxovda cvlileba-
Ta aucileblobas. damdgmelis didaqtika Sinaganad mborgavi
grZnobiT da garegnulad metad mwyobri saxierebiT gamoisaxa.
reJisoris mier Tanamedrove yofis ganmarteba, sicxadiTa da
garkveulobiT misi winaaRmdegobrivi xasiaTis gaSuqeba Ta-
visTavad warmoaCenda mis arCevansac da poziciasac.
sanaxaobis vizualur-verbaluri gamomsaxveloba aSka-
rad miuTiTebda, rom miTi, misi struqtura, asociaci-
uri nakadi, Sinagani plastebis `gacocxleba~, mTavar da
marginalur dinebaTa Sejerebuli Txroba arCevanis winaSe
amyofebda yovel adamians, radganac mis moqalaqeobriv aq-
tivobasa da poziciaze metwilad iyo damokidebuli saer-
Tod mTliani sacxovrisis momavali.

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 maradi berika

upirvelesi metafora aRmoCnda anuiseuli remarkis _

konkretuli moqmedebis adgilis, kreonis kabinetis sivrcis
ganvrcoba. anuis droindeli okupirebuli parizis daxSuli,
simkacris gamomxatveli kabineti axla, am antikomformist _
amboxebul studentTa moZraobis fonze, TavisTavad gamori-
cxuli aRmoCnda. mTeli sasceno sivrce iyo `CarTuli~ ambis
gaTamaSebis procesSi. ukan, antikuri epoqis damaxasiaTebeli
TeTri, gadaWrili svetebi da egzotikuri larnaki qmnida epo-
qis miniSnebas, germanel nacistTa uniforma _ Savi labadebi,
asociaciiT 40-iani wlebs axsenebda mayurebels, xolo mkvid-
rad nagebi, mZime da maRalzurgiani savarZlebi, respeqtabeluri,
komfortabeluri yofis simbolod iqca. Tavad dekoraciisa da
kostiumebis gadawyveta ubiZgebda mayurebels asociaciuri na-
kadis SemweobiT, sami drois montaJiT zedroulobis gancdiT,
distanciiTa da gonis primatiT gaeazrebina mimdinare epoqisa
da arqeti puli samyaros Sinagani identurobis xarisxi.
mTavari gaxda gaxsnili sasceno sivrce, rogorc mTeli
samyaros niSani; gadaWrili svetebi, rogorc antikuri sam-
yaros wiaRidan daZrul, gadauWrel problemaTa arseboba da,
amasTanave, rogorc RmerTebisken mimavali, gadaWrili gzis
simbolo. speqtaklis garegnuli partituris koduri niSani
aRmoCnda scenografia, romelmac epoqaTa dinamikasTan er-
Tad, sacnauri gaxada ZiriTadi miniSneba _ samyaros marTaven
ara gmiri oidi posebi, aramed maTi dakninebuli `oreulebi~,
nacrisferi (kreonis nacrisferi pijaki, rogorc komunist-
CinosanTa uniforma!), “mzareuli” tiranebi!
speqtaklis azrobrivi partitura da gamosaxvis formebi
im samyaros adeptadac iqca, romelsac Tavad reJisori, dam-
dgmeli gundi da misi mayurebeli miekuTvneboda. epoqa, sab-
WoeTis `Caketili sivrce~ da dasavleTis amboxebuli stu-
dentobis vnebaTaRelva boboqrobda rusTavelis Teatris pa-
tara scenaze. es patara scena istoriuli movlenebis eqod
gadaiqca. mixeil TumaniSvili, moqalaqe _ Semoqmedi, epoqis
adekvaturad moqmedebda da `naxevari nabijiT~ win uswrebda

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movlenebs, romelTa simwvave mainc `Jonavda~ im `daxurul

sivrceSi~, romelsac sabWoTa kavSiris `ideologiuri mamebi~
aseTi imperativiT qmnidnen, xolo adgilobrivi emisrebi aseTi
mondomebiT emorCilebodnen.
sulis aseT sinqronul vibracias, `naxevari nabijiT~ win
dgomas, mTelis arsebiT siaxlisa Tu gardaqmnaTa SegrZnebas,
uzado profesionalizmTan da Sinagan TavisuflebasTan erTad
xedavdnen da ver patiobdnen reJisors partiuli elita,
Cinovniki kolegebi, verc TavianTi savarZlis fexze, rogorc
paloze, gamobmuli medroveni _ moxeleebi, konformisti
Teatrmcodneebi. isini bevrni ar iyvnen, magram sakmao
mZlavrobiT gamoirCeodnen. Zlieri ambiciiTa da mZlavrobiT
gaerTianebulni, Seurigebelni iyvnen yvelasa da yvelafrisadmi,
rac maTTvis gaugebari, miuRebeli iyo, an sulac maTi gemovnebisa
da azrovnebis radiuss scildeboda, rac mTavaria, maTs
respeqtabelur yofas emuqreboda, maTi `savarZlis~ moryevas
gamoiwvevda, maTs gafuyul avtoritets gaaSiSvlebda.
mavanTa cxovrebis wesze mravalwliani dakvirvebis Sedegad,
davrwmundi: maRali rangis Cinovnikebs, `rbil savarZlebSi~
mokalaTebul moxeleebsa da ambiciur farisevlebs (maT
Soris dawinaurebul kritikosebsac), romlebic ver Tmoben
Tanamdebobebsa da cocxali TaviT `ar gamodian miTvisebuli~
kabinetebidan, ar ician, ar esmiT, verc Seismenen ras ganicdian
siyvarulis niWiT dajildoebuli pirovnebebi, roca kargaven...
vTqvaT, sayvarel Teatrs, sanukvar saqmianobas, Tundac,
sarepeticio darbazSi jadoqrobis SesaZleblobas!...

***
dro yvelafris mkurnaliao, uTqvamT Cvens winaprebs da...
mixeil TumaniSvilma rusTavelis Teatris gareSe cxovreba
SeZlo!.. saerTod Teatridan ki verc wavidoda, mas uTeatrod
cxovreba ar SeeZlo. dRiurSic ase Cauweria: `uhaerod ufro
gavZleb, vidre uTeatrod~! roca am sityvebs vixseneb, Tvalwin
midgas misi usicocxlo gamoxedva Teatridan wasvlis meore

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 maradi berika

dRes misi simwriT naTqvami: `arsad mimeCqareba!~, `arsad

mimeCqareba!~
uTeatrod darCenili moZRvari, erTmorwmune SegirdebTan
erTad, Teatraluri institutis me-11 auditoriaSi `eqspe-
rimentul Teatrs qmnida~. isini TamaSobdnen Teatrs, isini
TamaSobdnen `wminda Teatrs~, isini TamaSobdnen ritualis
rangSi azidul Teatrs... TumaniSvils uTeatrod cxovreba ar
SeeZlo, ver warmoedgina!..
man is 1944 wels airCia da Teatri misi bediswera gaxda.
1975 wlis 4 martis Canaweri:
`dilaa. radioTi gadmoscemen `sisaturas~. genialuri
ubraloebaa. es namdvili Teatria. ai, saiTken unda viswrafvode.
1974-1975 wlebis sezoni gauTavebeli muSaobisa da Teatris
gareSe! yovel dRe or-ori repeticia da arc erTi speqtakli,
romelsac Cems siaSi Sevitandi. ris repeticiebs vatareb?
telespeqtaklebis, studenturi speqtaklebis repeticiebs,
vwer wigns... dakavebuli var kaTedriT (raSi mWirdeba es?),
seqciiT Teatralur sazogadoebaSi, Cemi omis Canawerebis
gadaweriT (es Cemi mogonebebia, msiamovnebs!) vocnebob sakuTar
Teatrze, Cems mier aRzrdil jgufze, vbuzRuneb, guls
vuwyaleb yvelas... zogjer Cems mier napovn xis fesvebs
vTli. ai, Cemi cxovreba! guli mwydeba, roca Ramdeba, roca
Tendeba _ mixaria! yovel diliT Tavsa da gulSi imdeni azri
mebadeba _ imdeni idea, forma da emocia mebadeba, romelic
Zalze mitacebs. dRe aRsavsea, speqtaklebi ki ar aris. Cemi
speqtaklebi aravis sWirdeba~.
rogori tkiviliani Canaweria! gana danaSauli ar
aris, TumaniSvils waarTva TeatrSi moRvaweobis ufleba,
waarTva speqtaklis Seqmnis ufleba, TeatrSi repeticiis
Catarebis ufleba?!
meore msoflio omis dros Seqmnili dRiurebis gadaweris
dros, rogorc irkveva, mas xSirad axsendeba saTeatro
bataliebi: intrigebi, Teatraluri sazogadoebis gamgeobis
plenumebi, kritikuli werilebi, partaqtivis konferenciebi,

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miT ufro, rom im periodSi sabWoTa kavSiri faSizmze

gamarjvebis 30 wlis Tavs zeimobs.
1975 wlis 7 maiss dRiurSi Cauweria:
`gazeTebi aRsavsea frontuli mogonebebiT... Teatralur
frontze ki, kidev ufro mZime Setakebebi xdeba, magram am
sasaklaodan 30 wlis Semdeg yvela dawers Zalze dawmendil,
Casworebul, Selamazebul, brZnul `memuarebs~ _ SemoqmedebiTad
rogor vibrZodiT axali TeatrisaTvis. mxolod miokardis
infarqtis Wrilobebia mowme am brZolebisa. oRond esaa,
am omisaTvis ordenebiT ar gajildoeben, mxolod gulis
ukmarisoba, Tavbrus xveva, melanqolia grCeba~.
im dReebSi, rodesac mesame Zlieri dartyma miiRo, uTuod,
mis gulis siRrmeSi Wriloba gaRrmavda, sulis siRrmeSi
mTrTolvare simi gawyda... mxolod gamTeleba SeuZlebeli
aRmoCnda. meoTxedi saukune atara es satkivari Cumad,
sxvebisaTvis SeumCnevlad, yovelgvari daCivlebis gareSe. am
drosac mxolod Teatrze ocnebobda, mxolod axali Teatris
Seqmnaze fiqrobda.
1976 wlis 1 ianvars dRiurSi Cauweria:
`am weliwads mTavaria studia-saxelosno.
Teatri unda Sevqmna!
ai, dasrulda kidec rveuli! 1973-1974-1975 wlebis
rveuli _ samwliani, Teatris gareSe, sevdiani!~
miuxedavad imisa, rom axali Teatric Seqmna, oponen-
tebic miyuCndnen da saerTo aRiarebac moi pova, im saSinel
dReebSi miRebul Wrilobas bolomde daatarebda, iara mo-
uSuSebelma icxovra!
mixeil TumaniSvili samocdaTxuTmeti wlisa miicvala
miokardis infarqtiT! rogorc xSirad vambobT xolme _ guli
gauskda! mainc gauskda guli!
ocdaxuTi weli atara satkivari, romelic rusTavelis
Teatridan wamosulma ori sityviT gamoxata: `arsad mimeCqareba!~

83
 maradi berika

pedagogi

ixeil TumaniSvilma samsaxiobo da sareJisoro peda-

m gogika Sinagani kavSiriT Sekra da xelovnebis rangSi
aRamaRla. am mxriv Tavisi maswavleblis, giorgi tovstonogo-
vis tradicia ganagrZo da ganaviTara, axali xarisxiTa da
TvisebiT warmoaCina saTeatro pedagogikis individualuroba,
arsi, mniSvneloba. ase Seiqmna `TumaniSvilis skola~ _ XX
saukunis erovnuli saTeatro ganaTlebis monapovari. man pro-
fesionalizmis kulti daamkvidra iq, sadac didebuli ze-
STagonebis, artistuli gumanis, Wirveuli qvecnobierebis
prioritetis aRiareba karg tonad iTvleboda. batonma miSam
xelobis arsSi gaarkvia, xeloba Seaswavla da SeagrZnobina
Segirdebis armias da amiTac aamaRla qarTuli saTeatro sas-
wavleblis avtoriteti. xSirad imeorebda vrubelis sityvebs:
`forma iqmneba ara nevrasTenikis mokankale xelebiT, aramed
xelosnis dajerebuli moZraobiT~. man Tavis xelobas daufle-
buli msaxiobebi mravlad SesZina qarTul Teatrs. Tbilissa Tu
sxva qalaqebis TeatrebSi maT umal gamoarCev scenaze moqmede-
bisa da TeatrSi cxovrebis wesiT; im gansakuTrebuli Sinagani
xedvis, mobilizebis, sasceno qmedebisadmi damokidebulebis
formiT, romelsac moZRvari auditoriasTan urTierTobis
procesiT nergavda.
mas jadoqariviT SeeZlo, xelis erTi moZraobiT yvelaze
Seuxedavi da damsxvreuli realoba mSvenier zmanebad eqcia,
sasceno sibrZne-sicruisas elvarebiT gaenaTebina TviT yvelaze
urwmuno Segirdis goneba da suli. man araerTi `urwmuno
Toma~ Caaba WeSmariti berikebis ferxulSi da sxvebTan erTad
Seayena WeSmariti sasceno qmedebis, aseTi saTeatro rwmenis
WeSmarit gzaze.
mixeil TumaniSvili 1949 wlidan uZRveboda msaxiobis
ostatobisa da Semdeg, reJisuris saswavlo kurss, 47 weli
Sealia qarTuli TeatrisaTvis momavali Taobebis aRzrdas.

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1967 weli ki gansakuTrebulia ara marto mixeil TumaniSvilis

pedagogiuri moRvaweobisaTvis, aramed Tavad saTeatro umaR-
lesi saswavleblis istoriisTvisac: misi TaosnobiT Seiqmna
eqsperimentuli jgufi, romelic Semdgom cnobili gaxda `me-
11 auditoriis Teatris~ saxelwodebiT.
princi puli sxvaoba, romelic Tan dahyveba swavlebis
am or formas, ukve miuTiTebs Tanamedrove reJisoruli
TeatrisaTvis msaxiobTa axleburi aRzrdis mniSvnelobas.
reJisoruli Teatri da msaxiobis moRvaweoba amgvar dasSi,
ufro zustad, reJisor-liderisa da msaxiobis SemoqmedebiTi
urTierTobis problema, kidev ufro zustad, reJisor-av-
torisa da msaxiob-Tanaavtoris SemoqmedebiTi urTierTobis
problemis gadaWra, umTavresia imgvari Teatris SemoqmedebiTi
cxovrebisaTvis, romlis Seqmnasac Sealia TumaniSvilma Tavisi
cxovrebis umetesi nawili. rusTavelis TeatrSi msaxiobTa
gaerTianebis _ `Svidkacas~ Seqmna, Tanamoazre gundis Se-
kavSireba metad mniSvnelovani nabiji aRmoCnda am scenaze
reJisoruli Teatris aRorZinebisaTvis. am mxriv, `Svidkaca~
msaxiobTa pirveli gaerTianebis, `durujis~ memkvidred SeiZleba
davasaxeloT. kote marjaniSvilisa da aleqsandre axmetelis
mier reJisoruli Teatris aRmocenebisaTvis Tanamoazre
gundis, `durujis~ (1924 weli.) Seqmna mniSvnelovani nabiji
gaxldaT. xolo `Svidkaca~ aseTive nabiji iyo XX saukunis
II naxevris Teatris moTxovnaTa, Tvisebebisa da umTavres
niSanTa sasceno adaptaciisaTvis. igulisxmeba ara marto
wminda sadadgmo kultura, aramed msaxiobis rolze, Tavis
Tavze muSaobis saxeoba, speqtaklze koleqtiuri muSaobis
is forma, romelic axali mTlianobis, erTiani da axali
ti pis ansambluri sasceno Semoqmedebis dabadebas ganapirobebs
(uwinaresad, Tvisebas vgulisxmob da ara mxolod xarisxs).
rusTavelis TeatrSi am princi pTa ganxorcielebis sawyis
etaps daemTxva politikuri kataklizmebis epoqa, ramac
xelovnurad Sewyvita SemoqmedebiTi Ziebani da CvenSi reJi-
soruli Teatris gamokveTis procesi bolSevik-komunistTa

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ideologiis gafetiSebas Seewira. TiTqmis ocwliani wyvetis

Semdgom, mixeil TumaniSvilis liderobiT kvlav icvala
saxe am dasma da reJisoruli Teatris princi pTa danergvis
prioriteti `Svidkacas~ xelovnebas xvda wilad. am SemTxvevaSi
`Svidkacas~ vaxseneb, rogorc simbolos. gaerTianeba `Svid-
kacas~ mivuTiTeb da vgulisxmob ara marto mis pirvel Se-
madgenlobas, am cvlilebaTa protagonistebs (medea Caxava,
erosi manjgalaZe, giorgi gegeWkori, guram saRaraZe, ramaz
CxikvaZe, kote maxaraZe, badri kobaxiZe), aramed dasis umetes
nawils, mTels Taobas, romelmac Teatris SemoqmedebiT
feriscvalebaSi miiRo monawileoba da qarTul sinamdvileSi
aRorZinda reJisoruli Teatri. am SemTxvevaSi, miuxedavad
saTeatro ideis, xelweris, esTetikis gansxvavebisa, mixeil
TumaniSvili, rogorc reJisori-lideri da avtori sasceno
qmnilebisa, agrZelebda winamorbedTa tradicias.
qarTuli reJisoruli Teatris aRmoceneba - ganviTarebis
procesi dakavSirebulia axali ti pis reJisorTa pirveli
Taobis moRvaweobasTan (aleqsandre wuwunava, mixeil qoreli,
valerian SalikaSvili, akaki faRava). maT Seamzades niadagi ufro
maRali fazis warmoqmnisaTvis. es safexuri dakavSirebulia
kote marjaniSvilisa da sandro axmetelis saxelebTan. rogorc
ukve aRvniSne, marjaniSvilis gardacvalebisa da axmetelis
daxvretis Semdeg (is 37 wlis represiebis msxverplia),
CvenSi reJisorTa xelmZRvanelobas Caenacvla msaxiobTa
winamZRoloba. SeCerda reJisoruli Teatris ganviTareba,
moqmedeba, vidre rusTavelis TeatrSi moRvaweoba ar daiwyes
giorgi tovstonogovis mowafeebma _ mixeil TumaniSvilma da
akaki dvaliSvilma.
miuxedavad imisa, rom am TeatrSi manamde da maTTan erTad
nayofierad moRvaweobda dimitri aleqsiZe da warmatebuli
speqtaklebic dadga, reJisoruli Teatris aRorZinebisaTvis
aqtiuri moZroba misi winamZRolobiT ver ganxorcielda. am
moZraobis liderad TumaniSvili iqca, Tanamoazre gundTan
erTad. es moZraoba rusTavelis Teatridan TumaniSvilis

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wasvliT ar Sewyvetila. misma mowafeebma, robert sturuam da

Temur CxeiZem warmatebiT gaagrZeles es gezi. ase logikurad
ganviTarda am kedlebSi reJisoruli Teatri, romlis maRal
fazas konceptualuri reJisoruli Teatri ganasaxierebs.
mixeil TumaniSvili Tvlida, rom aseTi TeatrisaTvis unda
aRezarda msaxiobebi, romelnic ara marto TanamoazreobisaTvis,
ansamblurobisaTvis iqnebodnen mzad, aramed reJisor-av-
torTa Tanamoazre-Tanaavtorebic gaxdebodnen, aqtiuri Se-
moqmedebiTi princi pebiTa da rolze muSaobis Tanamedrove
meTodiT aRWurvilni iqnebodnen. mravalwliani (18 wlis!)
nayofieri pedagogiuri moRvaweobis paralelurad, igi em-
zadeboda swavlebis formis SecvlisaTvis. es procesi daaC-
qara konstantine stanislavskis mier mikvleuli `qmediTi
analizis meTodis~ dauflebam da SemoqmedebiTad aTvisebam.
aqtiuri, qmediTi vizualuri plastebis aqcentirebiT gamor-
Ceuli speqtaklebi am saTeatro `enaze~ aRzrdil da erTgul
msaxiobTa gunds iTxovda, rac saswavlo procesis cvlilebas
gulisxmobda.
am princi pTa gaazrebiT gamoirCeoda imJamindeli reJisuris
wamyvani flangi: giorgi tovstonogovi, anatol efrosi, oleg
efremovi, iuri liubimovi, voldemar panso, iozas miltinisi,
adolf Sapiro, sxvani da sxvani.
dasavleTis saTeatro cxovrebisaTvis amave periodSi
damaxasiaTebeli iyo intensiuri studiuri moZraoba gamosaxvis
formaTa tansformaciiT, rac `axali ti pis Teatris~, anu
`postdramatuli Teatris~ momZlavrebiT dagvirgvinda.
amasTanave, reJisor-avtorTa mier dramaturgiul qmnilebaTa
sruliad moulodneli interpretaciis Sedegad, sxadasxva
epoqis mwerlebi `Tanamedroveni da damdgmeli gundis,
Tanamoazreni aRmoCndnen~. klasikuri repertuaris axleburi
wakiTxvis Sedegad, sruliad Tanamedroved gamoiyurebodnen
Seqspiri, Cexovi, ibseni, CvenSi: kldiaSvili, dadiani, java-
xiSvili, kakabaZe…... Seqspiri anui da sxv.
am TvalsazrisiTac igulisxmeba qarTuli Teatri im

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 maradi berika

intensiuri Ziebis rkalSi, rac damaxasiaTebeli iyo dasavleTis

TeatrisaTvis, magram yvelaze metad sagulisxmo aRmoCnda
samsaxiobo xelovnebis Sinagani svlebis Zieba da, studiuri
moZraobiT, axal-axali svlebis migneba.
am mxrivac TvalsaCino aRmoCnda is varjiSebi, rac gasuli
saukunis 60-ian wlebSi dainerga rusTavelis TeatrSi.
amasTanave, metad nayofieri gamodga mixeil TumaniSvilis
iniciativiT, am savarjiSoebTan erTad, baletmeister iuri
zareckis `gakveTilebic~. repeticiebis dawyebamde, msaxiobebi
trenaJsa da savarjiSoebs asrulebdnen reJisorisa da
qoreografis xelmZRvanelobiT. msaxiobis fsiqofizikuri
aparatis elastikuroba, etiudebis SesrulebiT varjiSi _
Sinagani svlebis gacnobierebisa da rolze muSaobis efeqturi
saSualeba gaxldaT, miT ufro, rom improvizacia rolis
azrobrivi, fizikuri da grZnobaTa partiturebis Ziebis dros
erT-erT yvelaze qmediT saSualebad rCeba xasiaTis gamokveTisa
da moulodneli plastebis mignebisaTvis.
`qmediTi analizis meTodiT~ aRzrdili, am meTods dauf-
lebuli TumaniSvilis Segirdebi metad aqtiurni iyvnen repe-
ticiaze, rac mTavaria, maT unari SeswevdaT, Tavis Tavze da
rolze damoukidebeli muSaobiTac aemaRlebinaT saSemsruleb-
lo kulturis potenciali. am meTods dauflebuli axal-
gazrda msaxiobebi teqstis wakiTxvis, Seswavlis, `teqs-
tis gacocxlebis~ (barti) gziT agnebdnen dramaturgis mier
SeTxzuli ambis Siga SreebSi `daleqil~ azrebs, mocemul
pirobebs, personaJTa survilebsa Tu zeamocanis Sesrulebi-
saTvis brZolis manamde SeuniSnav saSualebebs, nuansebsa da
stimuls. aqedan iRebs saTaves, rogorc cnobilia, namdvili
sasceno qmedeba, msaxiobTa orTabrZolebi, `fsiqologiuri
krivi~ Tu daZabuli garegnuli Serkinebebi partniorTa Soris.
amgvari aqtiuri, Tavis Tavze da rolze individualuri Tu
koleqtiuri muSaobis unariT gawafuli artistebi swrafad
da Rrmad iTviseben reJisoris mier teqstis interpretaciis
modernul saxeobas, dramaturgisa da reJisoris mier Seqmnil

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mocemul pirobebs da xdebian ara maTi `karnaxis~ morCili Sem-

sruleblebi, aramed rolis avtorebi da speqtaklis SeTxzvis
Tanamonawileni. aseT dros WeSmaritad ibadeba sasceno qmedeba
da ara ilustraciuli sanaxaoba, anu msaxiobTa urTierTze-
moqmedebiT aRmocenebuli, aqtiuri sasceno qmedeba enacvleba
scenaze msaxiobTa meqanikur gadaadgilebas.
amrigad, saxelmwifo dotaciaze myofi stabiluri dasiT,
repertuariTa da reJisorTa xelmZRvanelobiT arsebuli
TeatrebisaTvis kidev ufro mniSvnelovnad gamoikveTa reJi-
sorisa da msaxiobis SemoqmedebiTi urTierTobis problema.
reJisorulma Teatrma metad mwvaved warmoaCina es sakiTxi,
miT ufro iq, sadac reJisorTa hegemoniam kulminacias
miaRwia. speqtaklze, rolze muSaobis procesSi msaxiobis
inertulobam, reJisorTa aqtivobaze damokidebulma Sez-
Rudulma iniciativam, samagido muSaobis xangrZlivi periodis
gamo sxeulis modunebam, sruliad naTlad warmoaCina, rom
msaxiob-reJisoris SemoqmedebiTi urTierToba swraf da
radikalur cvlilebas iTxovda. am mxriv metad sagulisxmo
aRmoCnda konstantine stanislavskis mier aRmoCenili da mis
saopero-dramatul studiaSi danergili `qmediTi analizis
meTodi~. misi gamoyeneba sasceno praqtikaSi Tavdayira ayenebda
ara marto calmxrivad gagebul `stanislavskis sistemas~,
aramed awesrigebda msaxiobisa da reJisoris gawonasworebul
urTierTobas speqtaklze muSaobis procesSi. uwinaresad, am
procesis regulirebisaTvis aqtualuri aRmoCnda saswavlo
procesis cvlileba.
mixeil TumaniSvilma samsaxiobo da sareJisoro
swavleba gaaerTiana da eqsperimentuli jgufiT moiwadina
im winaaRmdegobaTa daZleva, rac aRniSnuli periodisaTvis
ukve TvalsaCinod gamoikveTa sasceno xelovnebaSi. sirTules
qmnida erTi sakiTxi _ samsaxiobo saswavlo praqtika
iTvaliswinebda oTxwlian kurss, xolo sareJisoro _
xuTwlians. eqsperimentis warmatebuli mimdinareobisaTvis,
Semdgom TumaniSvilma erTi wliT adre aiyvana reJisorTa

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 maradi berika

jgufi, romelic mere pirvelkursel student-msaxiobebTan

SedarebiT, Teoriulad ufro momzadebuli iyo da msaxiobebTan
muSaobisaTvis aucilebel avtoritetsac flobda.
meore problema, romelmac am eqsperimentuli jgufis Seqmna
aqtualuri gaxada, iyo Teatralur institutSi arsebuli
SedarebiT `idealuri~ pirobebi msaxiobis individualurobis
gaxsnisaTvis da amasTan, TeatrebSi arsebuli cxovrebis
formis kontrasti. pedagogis yuradReba koncentrirebuli
gaxldaT 10-12 studentze, xolo TeatrebSi, gansakuTrebiT
dedaqalaqis dasSi, zogjer asamde msaxiobic ki iricxeboda,
rac axalbeda aqtiorisagan myisier adaptacias iTxovda. am
gansxvavebas bevri mtkivneulad ganicdida, institutSi niWier
da perspeqtiul studentad aRiarebuli axalgazrda, zogjer
uperspeqtivod gamoiyureboda TeatrSi. mkveTri gansxvaveba
sainstituto da saTeatro cxovrebas Soris advili dasaZlevi
Canda, Tuki oTxi wlis manZilze studentebi ara marto
profesiul wvrTnas gaivlidnen, aramed Seimecnebdnen cxovrebis
im specifikur formas, rac damaxasiaTebelia TeatrebisaTvis.
ase aRmocenda eqperimentul jgufSi ara marto rolze da
speqtaklze muSaobis axleburi sistema, aramed TeatrTan
daaxloebuli cxovrebis formac.
mixeil TumaniSvilis TaosnobiT isini TamaSobdnen
Teatrs! maT hyavdaT xelmZRvaneli, reJisorebi, dasis
gamge, saliteraturo nawilis gamge, teqnikuri reJisori,
dasi, administracia, teqnikuri personali, grimiori da
sxv. studentebi rigrigobiT asrulebdnen am saqmianobas
da Tavidanve gaTviTcnobierebulni iyvnen da emzadebodnen
Teatrebis kulisebs miRma arsebuli yofisTvisac. aseTi
saxis eqsperimentuli jgufi saTeatro wreebSi cnobilia
saxelwodebiT _ `me-11 auditoriis Teatri~. maT institutis
meTermete auditoriaSi moawyves patara scena, kulisebi, sadac
dekoraciebs da kostiumebs inaxavdnen, maT hqondaT sakuTari
repertuari!
meore eqsperimentuli jgufi, Tavisi `Teatraluri

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yofiT~, speqtaklze muSaobis gansxvavebuli formiT, re-

pertuariT, `saTeatro eTikiTa da esTetikiT~ ara marto
sainstituto cxovrebis centrSi aRmoCnda, aramed farTo
sazogadoebisTvisac gaxda cnobili. `me-11 auditoriis Teatrma~
realobad aqcia axalgazrduli dasis arseboba, romelic mzad
iyo, damoukidebel Teatrad gaegrZelebina cxovreba. rac
mTavaria, `me-11 auditoriis Teatrma~ bunebrivad warmoaCina
da daadastura reJisorisa da msaxiobis SemoqmedebiTi
urTierTobis problemebis gadaWris gza; TvalsaCino gaxada
saSemsruleblo kulturis modernizaciis aucilebloba da
miuTiTa am miznis miRwevis saSualebanic; naTeli mohfina
`teqstis gacocxlebis~ mniSvnelobas aqtiuri, cocxali
sasceno qmedebis dabadebisaTvis; praqtikulad daadastura
umTavresi formulis: sityva _ saqcieli _ qmediTi sityva _
yovel calkeul SemTxvevaSi xelaxali amoxsnis aucilebloba.
aseT dros, dramaturgis sityva ganixileba, rogorc mizani
da saSualeba; msaxiobis fsiqofizikuri aparatis mudmivi
mzadyofnis mniSvneloba (trenaJi, musikis TanxlebiT varjiSi,
etiudebis SemweobiT improvizaciuli muSaobis daxvewa),
reJisoris karnaxis qveSevrdomuli mdgomareobidan Tanaavtorad
`gadasvlis~ Rirebuleba, roca msaxiobi reJisoruli inter-
pretaciisa da mxatvruli gadawyvetis TanamoazreobiT xdeba
rolis avtori.
Teatrmcodne naTela uruSaZe wignSi: `mixeil TumaniSvili.
mTavari mowmis naambobi~ (Tbilisi, 1999), ganixilavs `me-11
auditoriis Teatris~ princi pebs, repertuars, swavlebisa
da yofis formas, detalebs; gviambobs, rogor moxda am
repertuaris Cveneba farTo sazogadoebisaTvis, rogori
rezonansi hqonda msaxiobTa am gundis namuSevars, vin ras
ambobda da werda maTs speqtaklebze. am sxart da saxier
naambobs qarTuli Teatris istoriisaTvis namdvilad aqvs didi
Rirebuleba. magram meCveneba, rom sagrZnoblad gazrdilia
batoni miSas erTi mowafis damsaxureba eqsperimentuli
jgufis saTeatro koleqtivad Camoyalibebis procesSi. iseTi
STabeWdileba iqmneba, TiTqos, kinomsaxiobTa saxelosno (Tav-

91
 maradi berika

dapirvelad, mixeil TumaniSvilis daJinebuli moTxovniT,

aseTi saxelmwodebiT gaixsna igi), anu momavali kinomsaxiobTa
Teatri `gauxsnes~ am mowafes da ara mis maswavlebels. im
reJimis pirobebSi adamianTa urTierTobebs zogjer ufro meti
yuradReba eqceoda, piradi simpaTia bevrad ganapirobebda ama
Tu im sakiTxis dadebiTad gadaWras, vidre obieqturi faqtori.
ar gamovricxav, rom araerTma pirovnebam, rogorc ityvian,
xeli SeaSvela am problemis sasikeTod gadaWras, magram
mavanis rolis gazviadeba zedmetad mimaCnia. umjobesi xom ar
iqneboda, Tavad mixeil TumaniSvilis mogonebebis gamoyeneba da
maTi gamomzeureba, vidre misi mowafis aSkarad tendenciuri
dRiurebis gamoqveyneba?
ra Tqma unda, veravin ukarnaxebs avtors vis dRiurebs,
Canawerebs, mogonebebs endos da visi naambobi miiCnios WeSmari-
tebad, ufro sworad, WeSmaritebasTan axlos mdgomad, magram
sadReisod iseTi bumia piradi gancdebis, Canawerebis, mogonebebis
gamomzeurebisa, rom istoriis winaSe samarTlianobis dacva me-
tad gauWirdeba istorikoss. isic xom faqtia, rom zogierTi
mogoneba faqtebis `gamogoneba~ ufroa, vidre maTi obieqturi
gadmocema. aRaras vambob faqtebis subieqtur Sefasebaze, mogo-
nebaTa avtorebis subieqtur, tendenciur gansjaze, sakuTari
personis gazviadebuli TvisebiTa da xarisxiT warmoCenaze,
maTs survilze, am formiT daikmayofilon moWarbebuli ambicia,
arasrulfasovnebis kompleqsi.
mixeil TumaniSvilis saxelosno, anu momavalSi misi
saxelobis kinomsaxiobTa Teatri daibada da gaixsna batoni
miSas SemoqmedebiTi avtoritetis, misi Ziebisa da mignebaTa
xarisxis gaTvaliswinebiT. es procesi daaCqara im faqtorma,
rom imJamad reJisori arc erT TeatrSi ar moRvaweobda. Cemi
fiqriT, aman Seasrula gadamwyveti roli. da kidev:
mixeil TumaniSvilis eqsperimentma gaamarTla. misi Se-
girdebi TamaSobdnen Teatrs! es `TamaSi~ imdenad warmatebuli
aRmoCnda, rom safuZveli daedo axali Teatris Seqmnas. amave
eqsperimentma Camoayaliba msaxiobis rolze muSaobis Tvise-
brivad gansxvavebuli midgoma. msaxiobebi, reJisoris inter-

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pretaciis gacnobis Semdeg, Tavad aqtiurad iyvnen CarTulni

speqtaklze muSaobis procesSi, ramac gamoiwvia ara marto
cocxali sasceno qmedebis dabadeba, aramed axali ti pis ansam-
bluri TanaSemoqmedeba repeticiazec da scenazec.
mixeil TumaniSvilma aRzarda rolis avtori msaxiobi,
romelsac unari Seswevs, monawileoba miiRos speqtaklis
konstruqciis agebaSi. is `farTo xedviT~ udgeba ara marto
am konkretul rols, aramed mis sasceno ambavs ganixilavs,
rogorc sanaxaobis siuJetis ganviTarebis, `cxovrebiseuli
nakadis~ warmoSobis Semadgenel, aqtiurad moqmed nawils. es
procesi TavisTavad gulisxmobs ara marto profesiis arsSi
gacnobierebul artists, aramed Tavad sanaxaobis Seqmnisadmi
gonivruli, racionaluri, gaazrebuli midgomiT aRWurvil
Semoqmeds. uTuod, es kodi SeniSna kinostudia `qarTuli filmis~
direqtorma, reJisorma rezo CxeiZem speqtaklebsa Tu msaxiobTa
scenaze moqmedebis Tvisebrivad gansxvavebul saxeobaSi. Cemi fiqriT,
swored amitomac SesTavaza maTs lidersa da msaxiobTa gunds
kinomsaxiobTa Teatris Seqmna, maTze garkveuli pasuxismgebloba
aiRo da, WeSmaritad Tavisufali moqmedebis saSualeba misca
TumaniSvilsac da mis Segirdebsac.
isic gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom batoni rezo iyo pirve-
li, vinc konkretuli da praqtikulad SesaZlebeli vari-
anti SesTavaza TumaniSvils. amasTanave, yuradRebidan ar unda
gamogvrCes mniSvnelovani mocemuli piroba: ruseTSi, mosfilmTan
ukve arsebobda kinomsaxiobTa Teatri, rac sxva respublikebSic
analogiuri Teatris gaxsnis SesaZleblobas qmnida.
kinematografistTa komitetis Tavmjdomares, akaki dvaliSvils
da kinostudiis direqtors ukve hqondaT niadagi momzadebuli
sakavSiro Sesabamis uwyebaTa TavkacebTan. rogorc ki qarTul
sinamdvileSi daibada niWier msaxiobTa gundi, Tavisi lideriTa
da xelovnebaSi cxovrebis gansakuTrebuli formiT, gaanaxles
molaparakeba, romelic sasurveli SedegiT dasrulda.
mixeil TumaniSvili uTeatrod aRmoCnda 1971 wels, is
uxmaurod wavida rusTavelis Teatridan, rogorc Tavad aRniSna,
kari gaijaxuna da... wavida! TiTqmis xuTi weli oficiozs,

93
 maradi berika

oficialuri dawesebulebis Tavkacebs - partiis centraluri

komitetis kulturis ganyofilebasa da kulturis saministros,
arc sxvebs gaxsenebiaT, Tundac, erTi faqti: Cven arc iseTi
mdidrebi viyaviT reJisoruli kadrebiT, rom TumaniSvili
uTeatrod yofiliyo, ase gagvewira isic da qarTuli sasceno
xelovnebac, vidre...
vidre ar Seicvala damokidebuleba oficiozisa TumaniSvilis
mimarT. ai, maSin ki dafacurdnen saxelmwifo moxeleni,
rusTavelis Teatris direqtori, TviT guSindeli Tavgadakluli
diriJori imJamindeli `Teatraluri frontisa~... savalalod,
ai razea damokidebuli, am SemxTvevaSi, qarTuli Teatris,
yoveli Semoqmedis, niWis bed-iRbali totaluri saxelmwifo
`meurveobis~, totaluri SiSis zemoqmedebis pirobebSi! isini,
visi gaafTrebuli Tavdasxmebisa da usafuZvlo kritikis
SemweobiT autaneli samuSao pirobebi Seeqmna TumaniSvils
TeatrSi, visi mondomebiTac sazogadoebis nawili uaryofiTad
ganewyo reJisoris mimarT, vinc viTom `istoriul simarTles~
emsaxureboda da `princi puli~ iyo rusTavelis Teatris
gmirul-romantikuli tradiciis dacvaSi, sinamdvileSi ver
Caswvda erT udavo WeSmaritebas: TumaniSvili da misi gundi
ebrZoda ara am mimarTulebas, ara `axmetelis Teatris~
tradicias, aramed fsevdogmirul, fsevdoromantikul, yalbi
paTosiT gaJRenTil samsaxiobo Sesrulebasa da amgvar Teatrs,
romlis recidivic SeiniSneboda rusTavelis TeatrSic. maT,
umetesad, sakuTari miznebisTvis gamoiyenes es dapirispirebac,
isini mxolod mas Semdeg dauzavdnen TumaniSvils, rac
komunisturi partiis centraluri komitetis axalma mdivanma
da misi aparatis moxeleebma naxes Teatraluri institutis
studenturi speqtakli da moiwones igi. xolo Semdgom, roca
rusTavelis TeatrSi axali dadgmis sanaxavad misulma `mTlad
pirvelma mdivanma~ ikiTxa, sad muSaobs TumaniSvilio da misi
axalgazrda msaxiobebio, kulturis saministros Tavkacebi
iZulebulni iyvnen kvlav dabrunebodnen am sakiTxs. Pproblema
kinematografistTa warmomadgenlebma gadaWres.…kinomsaxiobTa
Teatri maTi mxardaWeriT gaixsna.

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saxelosno - studiuri muSaoba

a xali Teatris Seqmnis idea Tavad `me-11 auditoriis

Teatris~ meore eqsperimentuli jgufis studentebs
gauCndaT, mixeil TumaniSvilis `laboratoriuli cdebi~ war-
matebiT dagvirgvinda: msaxiobTa da reJisorTa erToblivi
jgufi ara marto `TamaSobda Teatrs~, aramed am TamaSiT isini
ecnobodnen Teatris struqturasa da ganawess, amasTanave,
sakurso da sadi plomo speqtaklebis saxiT maT gaaCndaT
metad aqtualuri da aqtiuri sasceno qmedebiT gamorCeuli
repertuari. es ar iyo mxolod studentTa kidev erTi
gaerTianeba, TanamoazreobiT SekavSirebuli gundi, romelTac
surdaT SemoqmedebiTi TanamSromlobis gagrZeleba da axal
saTeatro koleqtivad Camoyalibeba.
sasceno Semoqmedebis kanonTa gaazrebam da gaTavisebam,
Tanamedrove samsaxiobo ostatobis saidumloTa gacnobierebis
Jinma da unarma, speqtaklis sqemis agebis procesSi aqtiurma
Tanamonawileobam maT Camouyaliba saTeatro enis vizualuri
aspeqtis gamokveTis axali sarepeticio meTodis princi pebi
da mrwamsi; intensiurma studiurma muSaobam ki maT SesZina
gamocdileba da xelobis floba; praqtikam gamokveTa maTi
unari, daecvaT sakuTari princi pebi da mrwamsi, maTs lid-
ers ki Seswevda unari, SeeduRabebina am princi pTa damcveli
gundi. mixeil TumaniSvili msaxiobTa SekavSirebis jadosnur
Zalas flobda. STabero studentebs rwmena da axali saTe-
atro ideis erTguleba _ es erTi mxarea. magram ganwmindo
maTi suli, aRamaRlo maTi goneba yoveldRiur wvrilmanebze,
raTa am ideis samsxverplos Segnebulad Seswiron cxovrebis
umetesi nawili _ es kidev sxva unaria, misionerTa unaria,
romelTac ZaluZT adamianTa gaerTianeba amaRlebul grZno-
baTa `mecxre talRaze~. mixeil TumaniSvili qadagebis iSviaT
`Tilismasac~ flobda, amitomac, yovelTvis hyavda Tavdade-
buli mociqulebi. esec niWia, Taviseburi talanti, romelic
iSviaTobaa metismetad.

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mixeil TumaniSvili yovel samsaxiobo jgufs, garda

profesiis flobisa da profesiuli TviTSegnebis amaRlebisa,
unergavda sajaro arsebobisa da koleqtiuri TanaSemoqmedebis
kulturas. Sinaganad kravda gunds,maTSi ayalibebda damoukideblad
da koleqtiurad muSaobis princi pebs, TiToeulSi aRvivebda
SemoqmedebiT aqtivobas. guru wlebis Semdegac, SegirdTa
profesiaSi erTpirovnuli avtoriteti gaxldaT. amasTan erTad,
man orjer SesZlo TanamoazreTa gundis garkveuli ideiTa da
mrwamsiT SekavSireba, miaRwia konkretuli saTeatro modelisa
da saTeatro yofis `danergvas~ reJisoris winamZRolobiT.
pirvelad, `Svidkacas~ SemweobiT, reJisoruli Teatris
princi pTa gaazrebiT miaRwia rusTavelis Teatris SemoqmedebiT
feriscvalebas; meored _ konceptualuri reJisoruli Teatris
princi pTa danergviT, eqsperimentuli jgufis meore nakadis
SemweobiT _ `wminda Teatris~ dabadebas. reJisor-lideri am
saTeatro modelis avtori, xolo msaxiobTa gaerTianeba _ am
modelis Tanaavtori gaxda.
ra Tqma unda, es xdeboda qarTuli reJisoruli Teat-
ris aRorZinebisa da ganviTarebis sxvadasxva etapze, magram
orjerve axali ideis, saTeatro esTetikisa da im periodisa-
Tvis modernul princi pTa danergviT. axali saTeatro ideebi
ki, rogorc reJisorebi miuTiTeben da Tavad mixeil TumaniS-
vilic araerTgzis aRniSnavda, 10-15 weli cocxloben, mere
maT enacvlebian axali ideebi da aseve mimdinareobs axali
gundis SekavSireba ama Tu im ideis gansaxorcieleblad. rac
Seexeba studiur moZraobas, masac drois gansazRvrul peri-
odSi uxdeba arseboba. 4-5 weli an odnav meti da qreba Zve-
leburi enTuziazmi. mixeil TumaniSvilis mosazrebiT, axali
idea da studiuri muSaoba, marTalia, Zalze did siamovnebas,
aRtkinebas, sixaruls aniWebs yvela monawiles, magram aseTi
gaerTianeba TiToeuli individisagan iTxovs ara mxolod upi-
robo erTgulebas, aramed Tavganwirvasac, energiis, drois,
monacemebis, unaris maqsimalur gaRebasac, rac iSviaTobaa
xangrZlivi drois manZilze. enTuziazmi, iSviaTi gamonaklisis

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garda, axalgazrdobis Tvisebaa, xolo sxvadasxva obieqturi

da subieqturi mizezebiT, igi asakTan erTad qreba.
modernuli ideiT, studiuri muSaobis prioritetiT
Seqmnili axali Teatrebi, umetesad, didi zar-zeimiT
iwyeben arsebobas, maT TavianTi erTguli mayurebelica da
Tanamoazre kritikosebic hyavT, didi Sinagani aRtkinebiTa
da TavganwirviT agrZeleben TavianTi princi pebiT muSaobas,
umetesad, sagrZnoblad cvlian an zemoqmedebas axdenen saerTo
cxovrebis wesze, saTeatro esTetikis modernizaciaze, magram
garkveuli drois Semdeg iwyeben `Cveulebrivi~ saTeatro yofiT
cxovrebas. amitomac ganicdida mixeil TumaniSvili uTeatrod
yofnas, amitomac ufrTxoda drois qrolvas, vinaidan axali
ideis arsebobas myisieri realizacia esaWiroeboda. dro ki
yvelaze ulmobeli monstria, romlis klanWebs verc niWi
gadaurCeba da verc uniWoba...
batoni miSa 50 wlis asakSi aRmoCnda uTeatrod. marTalia,
man araerTi mopatiJeba miiRo (moskovidan _ anatoli efrosi,
leningradidan _ giorgi tovstonogovi), dadga kidec moskovSi,
aseve, marjaniSvilisa da rusTavelis TeatrebSi speqtakli,
magram sakuTari Teatris gareSe yofnas mainc Zalian ganic-
dida, miT ufro, rom esqperimentul jgufTan muSaoba metad
nayofieri gamodga axali ideis, princi pTa da saTeatro yofis
TvalsazrisiT. SiSobda, rom dro cota hqonda darCenili am
ideis, princi pebis, saTeatro yofis realizaciisaTvis.
movlenebi misTvis taatiT, xolo Cinovnikuri saxelmwifo
aparatisTvis swrafad ganviTarda. bevri ram gansazaRvra rezo
CxeiZisa da akaki dvaliSvilis pirovnulma Tvisebebma.
rezo CxeiZe Zlieri adamiania da, amasTanave, princi pulic.
man dainaxa, igrZno, irwmuna dasis SesaZleblobani, xolo
mixeil TumaniSvilis mimarT pativiscema da ndoba jer kidev
Teatraluri institutis studentobidan gamohyva. misTvis,
rogorc reJisorisaTvis, mtkivneuli da warmoudgeneli iyo
TumaniSvilis uTeatrod arseboba (es sityvebi sajarodac
gamouTqvams da pirad saubarSic). amasTanave, man ganWvrita,

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axalgazrda msaxiobTa niWi da unari rogor gaamdidrebda

kinomsaxiobTa saSemsruleblo kulturas. asec moxda.
kinematografma ekranze aRbeWda am dasis araerTi axalgazrdis
warmatebuli rolebi. rezo CxeiZes gumanma ar umtyuna!
rac Seexeba batoni miSas Tanajgufels, akaki dvaliSvils,
mas subieqturi mizezic hqonda, raTa Tavdauzogavad
emoqmeda kinomsaxiobTa Teatris gaxsnisaTvis, Tundac, misi
studentobis megobrisaTvis saxelosnos gasaxsnelad ebrZola
rezo CxeiZesTan erTad.

***

axla Cvens erT Sexvedras gavixseneb, radganac es exeba

mixeil TumaniSvilisa da akaki dvaliSvilis urTierTobas.
isini Teatraluri institutis sareJisoro fakultetis erT
jgufSi swavlobdnen. erTad daiwyes moRvaweoba rusTavelis
TeatrSi, Tanamoazreni da TanamebrZolnic iyvnen. male
akaki dvaliSvilma sxva asparesze gaagrZela moRvaweoba.
sxvadasxva dros marjaniSvilis Teatris direqtoric
iyo, kulturis ministris moadgilec, kinematografiis
saxelmwifo komitetis Tavmjdomarec. im wlebSi, rodesac
mwvave debatebi mimdinareobda rusTavelis Teatris garSemo
da kritikosebi Tavs exsmodnen TumaniSvils, batoni kako
kulturis ministris moadgile iyo, xolo Teatris ramdenime
Tavgadakluli oponenti - am saministros moxeleni iyvnen.
Cven 2003 wels SevxvdiT erTmaneTs, ukve Teatrisa
da kinos universitetis samecniero centris darbazSi. mas
davubrune erTi kviris winaT gadmocemuli mogonebebis
nawili. axla gavimeoreb imas, rac maSin vuTxari am
mogonebebze sakuTari mosazrebebis gamoTqmis Semdgom. Tavad
wamoiwyo am Temaze saubari. ise vRelavdi, rom zustad
ver vixseneb yovel niuanss, magram mTavari - Zalian kargad
maxsovs. Tezisebis saxiT Camovayalibe saTqmeli, romelsac
vamzadebdi wlebis manZilze da axla momeca saSualeba,

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ganvTavisuflebuliyavi am tvirTisagan.
Tavdapirvelad, sruliad samarTlianad, davudasture
gulwrfeli pativiscema misi moRvaweobisa da sxvaTaTvis
gaweuli TanadgomisTvis, sikeTisTvis, daxmarebisTvis, Semdeg
ki punqtebad Camovayalibe:
1. Tqven, rogorc profesionals, kargad gesmiT da Seucdomlad
afasebT mixeil TumaniSvilis pedagogiuri da reJisoruli
moRvaweobis mniSvnelobas. ra Tqma unda, sruliad bunebrivi,
obieqturi da logikuri iyo Tqveni imJamindeli Tavdadeba
kinomsaxiobTa Teatris gaxsnisaTvis, magram...
2. Rrmad mwams, rom maSin uangarod ibrZodiT Tanajgufeli-
saTvis da Tqvenc Zalze gawuxebdaT misi uTeatrod yofna,
magram...
3. ase mgonia, uTuod, kulturis saministros winaT
daSvebuli Secdomis gamosworeba gsurdaT. wlebis manZilze
mawvalebs erTi sakiTxi - ram gamoiwvia Tqveni moqmedeba
im wlebSi, roca Tavs esxmodnen rusTavelis Teatrsa
da mixeil TumaniSvils? xom faqtia, rom kulturis sa-
ministros xelmZRvaneloba, moxeleTa umetesoba aSkarad
da faruladac, sxvadasxva tribunis gamoyenebiT ibrZoda
TumaniSvilis winaaRmdeg. mavani ki SeniRbulad diriJorobda
am gaerTianebas da ostaturad abamda intrigis qsels. es
xom patiosani dapirispireba, WeSmaritebis misakvlevad
gamiznuli kamaTi ar iyo. isini ver patiobdnen TumaniSvils,
uzado profesionali rom iyo, masTan pirispir dialogs
gaurbodnen, radganac mis `enaze~ ver isaubrebdnen.
samwuxarod, kritikosebi maSin Rrmad Caxedulni ar vi-
yaviT msoflioSi mimdinare saTeatro procesSi, reJimi
amis saSualebas ar iZleoda, xolo reJisorebma mainc
SesZles im ideebis gacnoba-gaTaviseba, ra cvlilebebic
mimdinareobda msoflio saTeatro sarbielze. amanac ga-
moiwvia gaugebroba da kontrasti scenis xelovanTa da
moxeleTa, kritikosTa Soris.

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4. axla, rac Seexeba tradicias. rusTavelis Teatris tra-

diciad mxolod gmirul-romantikuli mimarTulebis
aRiarebiT xom vaRaribebT am Teatris xelovnebas?
Tanac, xom vadasturebT mudmivmoqmedi qarTuli Teatris
Semoqmedebis wyvetas, radganac dRevandeli da maSindeli
rusTavelis Teatric xom 1879 wels Seqmnili dasis
memkvidrea? maSin ra vuyoT im tradicias, rac maT
Tavdapirvelad Seqmnes da ganaviTares? uarvyoT qarTuli
Teatris imJamindeli mignebebi, Semdgom axali xarisxiT
rom aRorZinda rusTavelis TeatrSi, rogorc Senakaduri
sistema? Tanac, ratom viviwyebT epoqaTa monacvleobiT
warmoqmnil saTeatro esTetikaTa cvlilebas? an ratom
vTvliT, rom TumaniSvilma daangria qarTuli Teatris
monapovari, tradicia, roca man aaRorZina qarTuli
reJisoruli Teatri, man xom epoqis moTxovnaTa kvaldakval
Camoayaliba Tavisi saTeatro modeli? axla, roca Teatrma
moi pova aseTi warmateba CvenSic da ucxoeTSic, xom
faqtia, rom TumaniSvilis ZiebaTa gareSe, misi samsaxiobo
skolis gareSe sturua ase iolad ver miagnebda im svlas,
rac misTvis aris damaxasiaTebeli da aseTi mniSvnelovani
gamodga Tanamedrove epoqisaTvis? axla sturuas vukiJinoT,
tradicias angrevo? samarTliani iqneba es?..
5. axla erT, TqvenTvisac da CemTvisac metad mtkivneul
sakiTxs wamovWri. vidre rusTavelis Teatrze maSindel
gaumarTlebel Tavdasxmebze Cems mosazrebas sajarod ga-
movTqvam, minda jer Tqven giTxraT, rasac vfiqrob. Tqven
iciT, rom rusTavelis Teatris ZiebaTa momxre, batoni
miSas Tanamoazre viyavi da aseTad davrCi, magram Zalze
vufrTxildebi amqrul Rirsebas, amitomac vdumdi amdeni
xnis manZilze... ramdenime frazis garda, am Temas ar
Sevxebivar. amisi droc dadgeba! am periodis rusTavelis
Teatris, TumaniSvilis xelovnebis mowinaaRmdegeTa Soris
Cemi ufrosi kolegebica da Cemi Tanakurselebic aRmoC-
ndnen. maT reJisori dimitri aleqsiZe aRiares axmetelis

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memkvidred, misi Semoqmedeba miiCnies “axmetelis Teatris”

mrwamsTa gamomxatvelad axal pirobebSi. maT batoni dodos
saxeli amokveTes mZulvarebis alamze, romelsac “daafri-
alebdnen” daundobeli gamosvlebis dros. amosunTqvis saSu-
aleba ar misces Teatrs, rom dassac da xelmZRvanelobasac
dinjad gaeanalizebina kritikosTa SeniSvnebi. iqneb, miegnoT
maTSi raime misaRebi mosazrebisaTvis da dafiqrebuliyvnen.
magram gamudmebuli Tavdasxmebi, Seuracxmyofeli epiTetebi,
romlebiTac amkobdnen, Tundac, TumaniSvils, mSvidi anali-
zis survils spobda. axla xom gamoCnda, ra mniSvnelobisa
yofila batoni miSas imJamindeli Ziebebi ara marto erTi
TeatrisaTvis, aramed mTlianad erovnuli sasceno xelovne-
bisTvis. axla xom cdiloben yofili oponentebi rusTave-
lis Teatris mxardamWer Teatrmcodneebad da TumaniSvilis
“megobrebad” mogvaCvenon Tavi (es mosazreba maSin ar miTq-
vams, axla minda davumato, raTa Sevecado avxsna mavanTa
saqcieli _ sadReisod mixeil TumaniSvilis Semoqmedebis
aRiareba karg tonad iTvleba, “progresis” niSnad aRiqmeba
da tarelkinisa ar iyos, araerTi maTgani Tvlis, rom yov-
elTvis “progresis win mirboda, jer is iyo da mere pro-
gresi”... axla ar iSureben diTirambebs... maSin? TiToeulma
maTganma sakuTar mexsierebas mimarTos, sakuTar gulSi
Caixedos, iq i povis Cemi sityvebis damadasturebel faqtebs.
im brZolebis aSkara Tu faruli monawileebis vinaoba yve-
lam kargad viciT. fsevdomegobarTa, medroveTa buneba am
“ubralo” faqtidanac kargad Cans: vcdebodio _ amis aRi-
areba jer aravis ucdia, miCqmalva ki SeuZlebelia!..).
batoni dodos saxelis gamoyeneba am dapirispirebis dros,
miuReblad mimaCnda maSinac da mimaCnia axlac. romc darCe-
niliyo dimitri aleqsiZe TeatrSi, feriscvalebis procesis
SeCereba SeuZlebeli iqneboda.
yovelTvis mxiblavda Tavad faqti adamianis dacvisa, misi
mxardaWerisa. adamianurad Zalze mosawoni iyo Cemi kolegebis

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mier batoni miSas mxardaWera, roca is uTeatrod darCa. ram-

denime weli rusTavelis TeatrSi reJisorebs Soris “kamaTi
speqtaklebiT mimdinareobda”, mere gascda sasceno sivrces da
dapirispirebam sazogadoebrivi rezonansi SeiZina. aseT dros
yovelTvis aRmoCndebian adamianebi, romlebic piradi miznebisT-
vis irjebian, ”cecxlze navTis dasxmis” politikiT cdiloben
maTTvis sasargeblod gamoiyenon daZabuloba. ase iyo marjani-
Svilisa da axmetelis dros, Semdegac... guli mwydeba, rom
batoni dodo ase miamitad endo maT, visac intrigis xlarTva,
adamianis gawirva, mis zurgs ukan uRirsad moqceva, saku-
Tari personis gandidebisTvis ukadrisis kadreba wesad aqvT.
ramdenime maTgans mixeil TumaniSvilTan da dorian kitiasTan
garTulebuli urTierToba hqonda, amitomac isini gaSmagebiT
ibrZodnen. iyvnen gulwrfeli mowinaaRmdegenic im saTeatro
esTetikisa da princi pebisa, rasac nergavda TumaniSvili mis
gundTan erTad, magram isini ar boboqrobdnen. iyvnen fexis xmas
ayolilebic, isini seiris yurebiT erTobodnen, zogierTi ki
sargebelze fiqrobda. maSin TeatrSi ase vafasebdiT mowinaaRm-
dege banakis moqmedebas. Tqven Zalian kargad iciT, vin ratom
gaerTianda am banakSi.
bolos da bolos, ra xdeboda im wlebSi rusTavelis TeatrSi
iseTi, ramac mTeli es bataliebi gamoiwvia? maSin, gasuli saukunis
60-iani wlebis bolosaTvis, TeatrSi ara marto sasceno esTetikaTa
Senacvleba, axali Taobis mier sasceno xelovnebis formaTa cvli-
leba, saTeatro mimdinareobaTa monacvleoba inergeboda, aramed
unda dasrulebuliyo erovnuli reJisoruli Teatris aRorZine-
bisaTvis moqmedebac, raTa qveynis upirveles Teatrs “reJisuris
saukunis” Sesatyvisi saTeatro principebiT gaegrZelebina ganvi
Tareba. Teatris xelmZRvanelis postze reJisoris aRmoCena jer
kidev xom ar niSnavs reJisoruli Teatris umTavres TvisebaTa
danergva-damkvidrebas. batonma dodom am mZime tvirTis zidva ar
isurva, baton miSas ki gacnobierebuli hqonda Tavisi misia, ami-
tomac iyo aseTi Seupovari, vityodi _ aseTi dajerebulic!
kote marjaniSvilisa da sandro axmetelis, agreTve, maT

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winamorbedTa mier wamowyebuli procesi _ reJisoruli Teat-

ris princi pTa danergva, Tavis logikur dasasruls iTxovda.
es gaxldaT mixeil TumaniSvilis misia (es procesi Semdgom
robert sturuam gaagrZela, man Teatrs kidev erTxel Seucv-
ala kalapoti). ai, es mizani, epoqis Sesabamisi moZraoba aRa-
ravis gaxsenebia, radganac es umTavresi monapovari uneburad
“gaixlarTa” dapirispirebaTa marginalur dinebebsa da brZo-
lis peri petiebSi. samwuxarod, dasisa da reJisorebis es moZ-
raoba maSin zereled Sefasda. rac ar unda mxiblavdes Tavad
faqti batoni dodosadmi maTi damokidebulebisa, Teatrze da
mixeil TumaniSvilze im Tavdasxmas, Tanac im formiT, veravi-
Tar gamarTlebas vuZebni.
isic vikiTxoT, adamians, romelsac sakuTari Tavis garda
aravin uyvars da metismetad uWirs sxvaTa aRiareba, anda
adamians, romelsac xelisufalTa yuradRebis mopovebisaT-
vis kompromisze wasvla arad uRirs, anda adamians, romel-
sac Tanamdeboba, kabineti, savarZeli cxovrebaSi upirveles
Rirebulebad miaCnia da ormagi standartiT moqmedeba ukve
Zvalsa da rbilSi aqvs gamjdari _ ratom unda davujero,
rom maincadamainc dimitri aleqsiZisaTvis uangarod gawiravda
Tavs? CemTvis ki angarebiani mxardaWera iseTive Seuwynarebe-
lia, rogorc ugono mZulvareba. wlebis manZilze ise iqcevian
Teatrsa da TumaniSvilze Tavdamsxmelebi, TiTqos Tavad ar
monawileobdnen am “koleqtiur koSmarSi!”
axla ikiTxavT, CemTan ra pretenzia gaqvso? pirdapir
getyviT: im periodSi Tqven kulturis ministris moadgile
brZandebodiT, mTeli am davidarabis erT-erTi sulisCamdg-
meli, sxva monawilenic kulturis saministros moxeleni
iyvnen, sxvebi _ Tqveni axloblebi. maT Soris qveSevrdomis
sindromiT “daavadebulnic”, “saxelis moxveWis” msurvelnic
da gulRrZo moSurnenic. Tqven xom amas Cinebulad xedavdiT.
ver amixsnia, ratom ar SeasruleT gonieri arbitris roli,
raTa mSvidi dinebiT ganviTarebuliyo movlenebi. Tavdapirve-
lad Tqven xom baton miSasTan erTad monawileobdiT Teatris

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 maradi berika

feriscvalebis procesSi? ar gamovricxav, rom Tqven Semdgom

gadaafaseT is princi pi, rac gakavSirebdaT reJisor TumaniS-
vilTan, magram... SeuZlebelia TqvenTvis naTeli ar yofiliyo
saerTod qarTuli saTeatro sinamdvilisTvis reJisoruli Te-
atris mniSvneloba da misi damkvidrebisaTvis, Tundac, mixeil
TumaniSvilis roli! sxva Tu ara, am gabeduli da perspeq-
tiuli moZraobisTvis xom unda dageWiraT mxari! Tavs vitex
da ver mivmxvdarvar, ratom airCieT aseTi wamgebiani pozicia?
didi xania amis Tqmas vapirebdi... isic mindoda aRmeniSna, rom
sxvebTan erTad madlieri var im RvawlisTvis, rac batonma
rezom da Tqven gaiReT kinomsaxiobTa Teatris SeqmnisaTvis”...
SeiZleba ase mwyobrad ar misaubria, magram Tanamimdevroba
da magaliTebi zustad ase Camovayalibe. vRelavdi. batoni kako
yuradRebiT mismenda, mosmenis iSviaTi kultura gamoamJRavna!
gavixsene detalebic, saCoTiro faqtebic... is mismenda, mono-
logs ar mawyvetinebda.
karga xans vdumdiT. mere mi pasuxa. Sevpirdi, rom mis
imJamindel gulaxdil saubars ar gamoviyenebdi. ar daufaravs,
rom sinanuli awvalebda, pirdapir ar uTqvams, mimaxvedra. zogi
ram CemTvis metad sagulisxmoc gamoTqva da damafiqrebelic.
gamomSvidobebisas siciliT miTxra: winaT ufro radikaluri
iyavi, axla gaxdi ufro rbilio, gamgebio, damTmobio.
RimiliTve mivuge - princi pul sakiTxebSi isev Seurigebeli
var-meTqi. orivem kidev erTxel davadastureT erTmaneTis
pativiscema da gulTbilad davcildiT erTmaneTs. akaki
dvaliSvili, WeSmaritad, moRvawis potenciiT gamoirCeoda. es
misma gandobamac da araerT sakiTxze msjelobamac daadastura.
saqmianad, azrianad, gadamdebad saubrobda. ras vizamT, ada-
mianuri sisustisagan arc is iyo dazRveuli. am Temaze imitom
SevaCere mkiTxvelis yuradReba, rom masze xSirad vsaubrobdi
baton miSasTan. axla mesmis, ratom mirCevda cota damTmobi
da Semwynarebeli vyofiliyavi.

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***

gasaTvaliswinebelia is viTareba, saTeatro yofa, romlis

wiaRSic mimdinareobda TumaniSvilis eqsperimenti da romlis
Sesacvlelad ase intensiurad agrZelebda Ziebas reJisori
Teatralur institutSi, xolo misi mowafeebi, robert
sturua da Temur CxeiZe _ rusTavelis TeatrSi.
saTeatro sametyvelo enis modernuli normebisa da
formebisaTvis mimarTuli Ziebani yovelTvis axasiaTebda
pedagogs, uwinaresad, es moTxovna STaunerga Segirdebsac.
Tu gadavxedavT TumaniSvilis Ziebebs institutis `me-11
auditoriis TeatrSi~ da rusTavelis TeatrSi ori reJisoris
moRvaweobas, naTeli aRmoCndeba, rom miuxedavad saTeatro
ideaTa gansxvavebisa, isini erTiandebodnen umTavresSi _
intensiurad eZebdnen axal formebsa da ibrZodnen Teatris
sametyvelo enis normaTa modernizaciisaTvis.
TumaniSvilis eqsperimentuli meore jgufis paralelurad
(1971-1975 wlebi), rusTavelis Teatris ramdenime uRimRamo
speqtaklis gverdiT, am scenaze Seiqmna Zalze mniSvnelovani
dadgmebi. Temur CxeiZis speqtaklebi: `guSindelni~ (Salva
dadianis piesis metad aqtualuri interpretacia, 1972 weli);
misive `bernarda albas saxli~ (garsia lorkas piesis gabeduli
interpretacia, 1973 weli); robert sturuas politikuri
Teatri _ balaganis princi pTa gamomxatveli da am Teatris
kidev erTi feriscvalebis mauwyebeli dadgma _ `yvaryvare~
(polikarpe kakabaZis `yvaryvare TuTaberis~ Tavisufali
interpretacia, 1974 weli) da `kavkasiuri carcis wre~
(bertold brextis piesis Tamami adaptacia, 1975 weli).
erTi Tvalis gadavlebiTac ki naTelia, rom TumaniSvilis
`me-11 auditoriis Teatris~ repertuaric, robert sturuasa
da Temur CxeiZis saetapo speqtaklebic qarTuli reJisoruli
Teatris kuTvnilebaa, am niSniT uaxlovdebian erTmaneTs
da ZiebaTa rkaliT erTiandebian. xolo Teatraluri ideiT,
TamaSis wesiT, xelweriT urTierTisgan gansxvavdebian. es

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 maradi berika

gaxlavT erovnuli saTeatro xelovnebis miRweva da simdidre.

aq sxva Teatrebisa da reJisorebis warmatebuli moRvaweobac
unda gaviTvaliswinoT.
samocdaaTiani wlebis dasawyisisaTvis saTeatro cxovreba
mkveTri saxecvlilebebiT aRiniSna CvenSic, im saTeatro sivr-
ceSic, romlis nawilad moiazreba qarTuli Teatric da uc-
xoeTSic, romlis nawiladac axla iTvleba erovnuli sasceno
xelovnebac.
im periodisaTvis ukve Cndeba postmodernuli xelovnebi-
saTvis damaxasiaTebeli niSnebi (da ara am mimarTulebis klasi-
kuri formebi, romelic 70-iani da 80-iani wlebis mijnaze
da Semdgom gamoikveTa), inteleqtualurma Teatrma, rogorc
mimdinareobam, mniSvnelovnad ganapiroba da ganavrco Teatris,
rogorc saxelmwifoebrivi da sazogadoebrivi institutis po-
tenciali da ganStoebebic warmoSva. CvenSi erTmaneTs enacvle-
bodnen `iluziuri (“mimeturi”) Teatri~, epikuri Teatris
nagvianevi eqo, `antiiluziuri (“antimimeturi”) Teatris~
konturebi, fexs ikidebda samoedno Teatris balaganuri si-
Wrele, Tavawyvetili karnavaluri Tavisufleba _ niRabs amo-
farebuli simarTliTa da niRbiTve gacxadebuli alegoriebiT;
mkrTalad warmoCnda `ulmobeli Teatris~ niSnebic, `tota-
luri Teatris~ rixiani mowodebac da `kameruli Teatris~
saTuTi formebisaken ltolvac.
saTeatro mimdinareobaTa foierverki, TamaSis wesebis nairg-
varoba, gamosaxvis formaTa siWrele kristalizacias iTxov-
da, raTa amaRlebulisa da gamorCeulis sasceno adaptaciis
mcdeloba Serwymoda im ironiis, deromantizaciis, damiwebis
muxts, romelic Tanamedrove msoflmxedvelobis umTavres
niSans qmnida. uwinaresad msaxiobs, mis fsiqofizikur aparats
unda SeegrZno, gaeTavisebina da gamoexata Tanamedrove saTe-
atro azrovnebis yoveli aspeqti. amasTanave, msaxiobis axali
teqnikiT SeiaraReba da am niadagze gamosaxvis axal formaTa
migneba reJisoris TanamonawileobiT mimdinareobda. amdenad,
reJisori, totaluri marTvis sistemiT, erTgvarad `akon-

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trolebda~ Teatris cxovrebis yovel etaps, aspeqts, maT So-

ris msaxiobis fsiqofizikuri aparatis mzadyofnasac, aeTvise-
bina da warmoeCina piesis avtorisa da reJisoris msoflmxed-
veloba, azrebi, mignebebi, Canafiqri, mxatvruli gadawyvetis
princi pi, es yvelaferi Seejerebina sakuTar msoflaRqmasTan,
romelic Teatris enaze saqcielTa rigiT `gamoisaxeba~.
rodesac TumaniSvili miuTiTebda, rom msaxiobi Tavisi
xelovnebis enaze unda asaxavdes scenur saxes, da rom am enas
Tavisi niSnebi aqvs saqcielTa sistemis saxiT, is ukve win
uswrebda dRes arsebul da gabatonebul tendencias (Jurnali
`teatr~, 1973w. #11). is, sxva reJisor liderebTan erTad
(CvenSic da ucxoeTSic), agnebda da ubrundeboda Teatris
arqeti pul samyaros, Teatris warmoSobis upirveles etaps _
sakralur sanaxaobiT kulturas, ritualur qmedebas. mixeil
TumaniSvili mTlian saTeatro cxovrebas ritualuri qmedebis
egidiT ganixilavda, xolo repeticiasa da sakuTriv speqtakls
_ sakralur-ritualur situaciad, sadac msaxiobebi TavianTi
fsiqofizikuri aparatiT, Sinagani misnuri idumalebiT
SeTxzvis process xilulad atarebdnen, saqcielTa enaze
sajarod gadahqondaT sanaxaobis filosofiur-literaturul-
socialur-politikuri plastebi. sibrtyeze arsebuli sityvis
sivrcul ganzomilebaSi `Targmna~ swored im `misnuri~
idumalebis procesSi xdeba, romlis `Catareba~ mxolod
msaxiobs, mis fsiqofizikur aparats ZaluZs. Aamitomac qmnida
igi repeticiebze jadosnur atmosferos, xolo speqtaklis
dawyebis win msaxiobebi patara foieSi ikribebodnen TavianTi
SeTxzuli ritualis Casatareblad.
msaxiobis personaJi, Sinagani svlebiT, `TvaliT uxilav~
moZraobaTa warmoCeniT, grZnobaTa siwrfeliTa da garegnuli
saxieri plastikuri partituriT _ saqcielTa rigiT, axali
mTlianoba gaxldaT, Tavis mxriv ki warmoadgenda sxva
personaJTa erTiani sistemis, amasTanave, sruli sasceno
qmnilebis, anu axali mTlianobis axali `cxovrebiseuli nakadis~
Semadgenel nawils. es axali ti pis polifoniuroba reJisoris

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 maradi berika

xedvisa da misi uSualo monawileobiT ibadeboda, iqmneboda,

srulyofilebas aRwevda. amitomac ambobda batoni miSa, rom
misTvis idealuri Teatri aris msaxiob _ varskvlavTa dasi,
sadac yoveli maTgani sakuTari rolis avtori da mTlianad
sanaxaobis Tanaavtoria da am orkestris diriJori reJisoria,
romelic maTTan erTad, maTi SemweobiT, maTi fsiqofizikuri
aparatiT, gonisa da grZnobis harmoniiT, qmnis axal mTlianobas
_ speqtakls; sadac maqsimalurad gazrdilia TiToeuli
maTganis (msaxiobTa, mxatvris, kompozitoris, ganaTebisa
Tu rekvizitis Semqmnelis da sxv. pirovnuli SemoqmedebiTi
aqtivoba) wvlili, xvedriTi wona da individualuri
monawileobis (Tanaavtorobis!) potenciali. batoni miSa aseTi
TeatrisaTvis amzadebda eqsperimentul jgufs.
SeZlo ki man aseT SemoqmedTa Tanacxovrebis erTianobiT
gamorCeuli, aseTi Tanamonawile _ TanaavtorTa aqtiuri gundis
Camoyalibeba da maTi TanaavtorobiT Seqmnili speqtaklebiT
Cveni saTeatro yofis gamdidreba? Cemi fiqriT, gadaWarbebuli
ar iqneba, Tuki aRvniSnav, rom man am gansakuTrebuli saTeatro
Tanacxovrebisaken savali biliki gamokveTa, axali ti pis
studiuri muSaobis xibli SeagrZnobina Tavis gunds da myarad
Seayena am bilikze. axla mivuTiTeb Tvisebas da ara xarisxs! ra
Tqma unda, speqtaklebi am saxelosnoSic sxvadasxva xarisxisa
ibadeboda, magram es sagangebo `sametyvelo ena~ aduRabebda
mTlian gunds. Tavdapirvelad TiToeulis Tavganwiruli
moqmedeba, enTuziazmi da miRebuli siamovneba imdenad maRali
xarisxisa gaxldaT, rom SemoqmedebiTi marcxic ki ver qmnida
sagangaSo viTarebas, miT ufro, rom batoni miSas ukompromiso
da daundobeli Sefasebebi, uTuod, Zneli gasaZlebi iyo.
ostatis saxelosno _ alqimikosis cdebisTvis arsebuli
laboratoria, studiuri yofiT agrZelebda cxovrebas. Semdeg
ki Seecvala statusi _ kinomsaxiobTa Teatris ewoda, amiT
Seicvala ara marto statusi, aramed misi arsebobis formac.
mogexsenebaT, Teatri, Tavisi struqturiT, stabiluri dasiTa
da gansazRvruli sarepertuaro politikiT, xangrZlivi droiT

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ver inarCunebs im Tvisebebs, rac misi Seqmnis saZirkvelSi

Caido, rogorc gansakuTrebuli yofisa da gansxvavebuli
xelovnebis mimaniSnebeli koduri niSani. rogorc praqtikam
daadastura, iq, sadac, saxelmwifo `meurveobs~ Teatrebs,
sadac saxelmwifo dotaciazea dasi, sadac mxolod saxelmwifo
afinansebs mis SemoqmedebiT-administraciul-teqnikur aspeqtebs,
sadac individs mxolod saxelmwifos mier dawesebuli
odenobiT unazRaurdeba `Sromis~ safasuri, sadac xelovans
kerZo sakuTrebidan Semosavali ar gaaCnia (ekonomikuri
damoukidebloba bevrad ganapirobebs individis Tavisufal
qcevasa da arCevansac!), finansurad mxolod saxelmwifos
`zedamxedvelobasa~ da neba-survilzea orientirebuli, miT
ufro garTulebulia studiuri yofa, romelsac safrTxes
uqmnis obieqturi da subieqturi winaaRmdegobani, gansakuTrebiT
ekonomikuri problemebi.
praqtikam isic daadastura, rom ucxoeTSi aseTi
studiuri yofa ufro xangrZlivia, radganac iq saxelmwifo
yovel calkeul nebayoflobiT gaerTianebas eWvis TvaliT ar
uyurebs da ar afasebs, rogorc potenciur dapirispirebul,
Znelad gasakontrolebel `organizacias~. sabWoTa reJimi
Znelad urigdeboda amgvar cdebs, axali Teatrebis Seqmnac
metismetad garTulebuli gaxldaT, vinaidan nebismieri siaxle,
normidan gadaxveva safrTxes uqmnida saxelmwifos totalur
zemoqmedebas. Tanac, cvlileba saxelmwifoebriv institutTa
erT ubanze gamoiwvevda jaWvur reaqcias da dasaSvebad
miiCneoda cvlilebebi TviT saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis
sistemaSi. struqturuli modernizacia ki wiTel imperias,
mis totalur Zalmomreobas daSlis safrTxes uqmnida.
Teatrebze saxelmwifos meurveoba, sxva sakiTxebTan erTad,
am problemiTac iyo ganpirobebuli. axali Teatrebis Seqmna,
miT ufro garTulebuli gaxldaT respublikebSi. is, rac
metropoliisaTvis Znelad, magram mainc dasaSvebi gaxldaT,
Seuwynareblad ganixileboda imperiis periferiisaTvis, magram

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cxovrebas Tavisi logika da ganviTarebis kanonebi aqvs...

da kidev, rogorc ukve aRvniSne, arsebulisagan gansxvavebuli
saTeatro ideebi, studiuri yofa, Tanamoazreobis princi pi
garkveuli drois monapovaria, garkveuli droiT arsebobas
gulisxmobs, garkveuli drois Semdeg an iSleba da monawileni
sxva TeatrebSi agreZeleben moRvaweobas, anda es gundi da
misi Sematebuli msaxiobebi, erTad agrZeleben moRvaweobas,
magram maTi erToblivi Semoqmedeba TandaTan gaucxovdeba im
princi pebisgan, rac maTs Tavdapirvel gaerTianebas aduRabebda.
magaliTad, moskovis Teatr-studia `sovremeniki~ dResac am
saxelwodebiT agrZelebs cxovrebas, magram amJamindeli Teatri
xom gansxvavdeba Tavdapirveli yofisa da xelovnebisagan? igive
procesi dasturdeba sxvaganac... da arc kinomsaxiobTa Teatria
amisgan dazRveuli. magram, roca es saTeatro gundi iwvrTneboda
da yalibdeboda, rogorc erTmorwmune dasi, maT marTlac
Seqmnes arsebulisagan gansxvavebuli yofisa da SemoqmedebiTi
princi pebis gamomxatveli Segnebuli Tanaavtorobis Teatri,
reJisor-lideris winamZRolobiT.
reJisuris aswlovanma istoriam (vgulisxmobT axali
ti pis reJisorul moRvaweobas, radganac sxvadasxva saxis
xelmZRvaneli profesiul Teatrs arsebobis dRidan hyavda),
winamdgomTa gamocdilebam da praqtikam reJisoruli Teatri
ganviTarebis maRal fazaSi aiyvana, amasTanave, SemoqmedebiTi
avtoritetis mopovebiTa da TandaTan uflebamosilebis
gazrdiT, rogorc ukve aRvniSne, dairRva gawonasworebuli
urTierToba msaxiobsa da reJisors Soris. reJisori sul
ufro da ufro Tamamad da warmatebulad axdenda sinamdvilis
interpretacias, kritikis paToss amZafrebda sasceno ficarnagze
da ase monawileobda msoflio sinamdvilis `rekonstruqciaSi~.
mixeil TumaniSvilma moRvaweobis ZiriTad Temad airCia
maradiul RirebulebaTa dacviT, mTavari yuradRebis gadatana
Teatralur formaTa axali Sreebis mignebasa da SemoqmedebiT
procesSi msaxiobis aqtivobis gazrdaze, rac aRadgenda
reJisor-msaxiobis gawonasworebul urTierTobasac.

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msaxiobis, rogorc saTeatro xelovnebis upirvelesi

jadoqris sasceno Semoqmedebis rTul labirinTSi garkveva
da Sinagani svlebis saxieri gamomsaxvelobis Zieba iyo is
`racionaluri marcvali~, romelic CiraRdaniviT gauZRveboda
sasceno xelovanT da Teatrsac Tavisi moqalaqeobrivi mova-
leobis aRsrulebis Jams _ ase swamda mixeil TumaniSvils da
amitomac mTeli Tavisi gamocdilebisa Tu unaris mobilize-
biT, koncentracia moaxdina msaxiobis fsiqofizikuri apara-
tis Seswavla-daxvewaze.
am droisaTvis sruliad naTeli gaxda, rom Teatris
feriscvaleba bevrad iyo damokidebuli msaxiobze. Tanamedrove
samsaxiobo teqnika ki gadasinjvas iTxovda. scenaze kvlav
gaidga fesvi rutinam da Stampma, ris winaaRmdegac Tavis
droze gailaSqres da Seqmnes axali Teatrebi andre antuanma,
oto bramma, maqs reinhardtma, konstantine stanislavskim
da vladimer nemiroviC-danCenkom, CvenSi - konstantine mar-
janiSvilma da aleqsandre axmetelma, Semdgom ki, ukve ar-
sebul dasSi `TavianTi Teatrebi~ aRmoacenes TumaniSvilma da
sturuam. rogorc irkveva, 15-20 weli sakmarisia, rom scenaze
Zveleburad gamefdes Stampi, romlis aRmofxvrasac iseTive
Zalisxmeva sWirdeba, rogoric axali saqmis wamowyebas.

***

CvenSi samsaxiobo teqnikis gadasinjva ganapiroba mravalma

faqtorma. amjerad mxolod, Cemi fiqriT, umTavress gamovyof:
1. calmxrivad gagebulma `gmirul-romantikulma Teatrma~,
Semdgom, aseve zereled miRebulma `fsiqologiurma Teatrma~
(Zalze pirobiTia saxeldeba) _ saSemsruleblo TvalsazrisiT
daagroves iseTi saxeobis Stampebi, romelTa recidivis aR-
mosafxvrelad ara marto reJisuras, aramed Tavad msaxiobebs
unda ezrunaT da praqtikulad gadaeWraT es problema. sasceno
simarTlis (romelic isedac yoveli mimarTulebis nawarmoebis
saZirkvelSi Zevs, rogorc sasceno cxovrebis, ambis gaTama-

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Sebis biZgi) gafetiSebam, viTom marTali grZnobis uRimRamo

demonstraciam, inertuli sasceno urTierTobani da ambis
ganviTareba warmoqmna scenaze. `fsevdomarTali gancdisa~ da
`fsevdorealisturi~ mimarTulebis speqtaklebma imZlavres da
Seqmnes cruiluzoruli Teatri, iseve, rogorc Tavis droze
fsevdoromantikulma da fsevdoheroikulma Sesrulebam da-
bada rusTavelis TeatrSi yalbi TamaSis recidivi, romlis
aRmofxvrasac dasWirda wlebi da didi Zalisxmeva.
aqtiuri moqalaqeobriobisa da `Sesrulebis namdvilobis~
moTxovnam CvenSi warmoSva viTom inteleqtualuri msaxiobisa
da Teatris yalbi modeli, rasac Zalian Seuwyo xeli e.w. `sa-
warmoo Temaze~ Seqmnili piesebis dadgmis aucileblobam. amas
iTxovda oficiozi. `cxovrebiseulma Sesrulebam~, calmxri-
vad gagebulma iluzorulobam, `marTalma grZnobam~, sima-
rTlis `lakonurma~ gamomsaxvelma formam scenidan gandevna
Teatraloba, saxieri azrovnebis feradovneba, TamaSis muxtis
arseboba. sasceno xelovnebisadmi aseTma midgomam gaafermkr-
Tala metaforaTa nakadi da masSi kodirebuli pirvelqmnili,
cincxali azri samyaroze, adamianze, sociumze, maTs perspeq-
tivis ganWvretaze!
msaxiobis profesiis arss _ metyvel qcevaTa sistemiT
azrovnebas, Seenacvla pedalizebuli `namdviloba~. fsevdo-
bunebriobam, cxovrebis identurobam uferuli gaxada Tavad
sasceno cxovreba, ufro zustad _ Sinagani sasceno moqmede-
ba. sinamdvileSi aseT speqtaklebsa da aqtiorul Sesrulebas
araferi aqvT saerTo arc grZnobaTa siwrfeliT gadmocemul
realobis asaxvasTan, arc `iluzorul TeatrTan~, arc WeSma-
rit lakonizmTan da, miT ufro, inteleqtualur TeatrTan.
aseTi Teatris winaaRmdeg ibrZoda batoni miSa da rad-
ganac is praqtikosi-profesionalia, misi kamaTic qmediTi sa-
SualebebiT mimdinareobda. eqsperimentuli `me-11 auditoriis
Teatric~ da Semdgom, mis bazaze aRmocenebuli kinomsaxiobTa
Teatric, maTi SemoqmedebiTi kredo Tvisebrivad gansxvavdeba
amgvari xelovnebisagan.

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2. Cemi fiqriT, sxvadasxa mimarTulebisa da stilistikis

speqtaklebi, TavianTi TvisebiT ori saxis Teatrs ganasaxiereben:
erTni _ ilustraciulni aran, meoreni _ aqtiur urTierTobaTa
procesis, cincxali sasceno qmedebis warmomCenni. CvenSi
speqtaklebis umetesoba (maSinac da samwuxarod, axlac!)
ilustraciuli Tvisebisaa. aseTi xelovnebac axdens zemoq-
medebas mayurebelze, azris gamoxatvac xdeba masStaburi
metaforebiT, magram am dros scenaze movlenaTa rigi ki ar
iqmneba, romelic `cxovrebiseul nakads~ warmoaCens, aramed
erTi epizodi icvleba meoreTi. aseT TeatrSi speqtaklis
konstruqciis agebasa da personaJTa gaafTrebuli Setakebebis
Seqmnas naklebi yuradReba eqceva. aq partniorTa namalevi
survilebis gacnobiereba da masze personaJTa sapasuxo reaqciaTa
procesebis mikvleva ki ar aris gamJRavnebuli, romliTac
mravalmniSvnelovani sasceno azrovneba iqsoveba, aramed azri
dafiqsirebulia calkeuli mignebebiT, dasrulebuli saxieri
kompoziciebiT. aseT TeatrSi ufro amaRlebulia, gazrdilia
sadadgmo xerxisadmi yuradReba da reJisoris diqtati, msaxiobi
ki, umetesad, Semsrulebelia reJisoris karnaxisa. aseT
TeatrSic iqmneba saintereso speqtaklebi, magram umetesoba
uinteresoa swored uRimRamo, inertiuli sasceno moqmedebis
gamo, sadac nawilobriv mainc ugulebelyofilia sasceno
nawarmoebis SeTxzva Teatris specifikuri sametyvelo enis
kultivirebiT. aseT speqtaklebSi dialogi, `fsiqologiuri
krivi~ Secvlilia replikebis drouli miwodebiT, xolo
sasceno moqmedeba _ msaxiobTa meqanikuri gadaadgilebiT.
aqtiuri sasceno qmedebis Teatri aqtualuri azrovnebisa
da gamosaxvis metyvel saSualebaTa process gviCvenebs. am dros
scena cxovrebasaviTaa _ orTabrZolebis arenaa, Tavdasxmebisa
da Tavdacvis asparezia, dapirispirebul ZalTa amouwuravi
Serkinebebis `jaWvuri reaqciebia~, movlenaTa logikur mo-
nacvleobaTa, improvizaciis TavisuflebiT mignebul ferado-
van SefasebaTa kaskadia. aseT TeatrSi scenaze gaTamaSebuli
ambavi movlenaTa Sinagan logikur da saxier Tanamimdevrobas

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efuZneba. ara aqvs mniSvneloba damsxvreul realobas da Txro-

bis fragmentulobas rom warmoaCens damdgmeli jgufi, an
alogikur saqcielTa rigiT rom mimdinareobs Txroba. yvelgan
igulisxmeba Sinagani logika, is RerZi, romelzec asxmulia
nebismieri ambavi, Txroba, grZnobisa Tu fizikuri partiture-
bi. aseTi speqtaklebi TamaSis wesiT gansxvavdebian erTmaneTi-
sagan, azris gamoxatvis saSualebaTa feradovnebiT emijnebian
erTurTs. isini aqtualuri azrisa da aqtiuri, cincxali
sasceno qmedebiT uaxlovdebian erTmaneTs. aqac Tviseba igu-
lisxmeba da ara TamaSis wesis nairgvaroba.
sazogadoebaSi wamoWrili aqtualuri problema is biZgia,
romelic warmoSobs garkveul damokidebulebas sinamdvileSi
arsebuli movlenebis mimarT, Semoqmedis gonebaSi yalibdeba azri,
pozicia, romelic unda gamoisaxos literaturuli nawarmoebis
saSualebiT. es procesi damaxasiaTebelia nebismieri mimarTulebis,
nebismieri saTeatro esTetikis gamomxatvel SemoqmedTaTvis.
aqtiuri, cocxali qmedebis speqtaklSi SeTxzvisa da xilvebis
realizacia SesaZlebelia, aseTi sqemiT gamoisaxos: problema-
azri-sityva-qceva-qmediTi sityva-sinqronul metaforaTa sistema
_ zemoqmedebis moulodneli da Zlieri efeqti _ bilateraluri
komunikaciis formebi. ase mimdinareobs da zemoqmedebs darbazze
cocxali sasceno qmedeba, romelic mimarTulia imisken, rom ara
marto TanaSemqmnelad aqcios mayurebeli, aramed Tanamoazredac.
yovel SemTxvevaSi, mayurebels Seuqmnas, an Seucvalos azri
cxovrebiseul movlenaze.
aseTi Teatri Sesabamis esTetikaze gawvrTnil aqtiorTa da
mayurebelTa erTianobas efuZneba. bilateraluri komunikaciis
formaTa gaazreba SemoqmedebiT organizebulobas iTxovs
(`mayurebelze TamaSs~ ki ara, aramed moulodnelobis efeqtiT
darbazis monusxvas vgulisxmob). aseTi Teatri mudmivmoqmedi
vulkaniviTaa da imwuTier amofrqvevas msaxiob-moqalaqis
(mTeli gundis) Sesruleba, cocxali sasceno qmedeba iwvevs.
aseT TeatrSi gazrdilia msaxiobis SemoqmedebiTi aqtivoba
da potenciali. rogorc zemoT aRvniSne, aqtiori Tavisi

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rolis avtori da speqtaklis sqemis, konstruqciis agebis

Tanamonawilea, rasac koreqtivi Seaqvs reJisorisa da aqtioris
SemoqmedebiT urTierTobaSi.
rodesac reJisori da msaxiobebi erToblivad Txzaven da
axdenen scenaze `cxovrebiseuli nakadis~ rekonstruqcias, am
procesSi msaxiobi-Semsrulebeli avlens msaxiob-Semqmnelis,
aqtiuri Semoqmedis, rolis avtoris Tvisebebs. msaxiob-var-
skvlavTa dasSi, CvenSic da ucxoeTSic, msaxiob-varskvlavi
aris rolis avtori. XIX saukunis Teatrisagan gansxvavebiT
(vidre axali ti pis reJisorTa xelmZRvanelobiT Seicvleboda
sarepeticio procesic da sasceno xelovnebac), reJisorul Te-
atrSi gadaiWra ra ansambluri Sesrulebis problema, wamoiWra
sadadgmo-saSemsruleblo sakiTxTa wyeba, romelmac igive aspeqti
(ansambluri speqtaklebis) sxva ganzomilebiT warmoaCina da
scenaze `cxovrebiseuli nakadi~ movlenaTa rigis ganviTarebiT
warmosaxa. SemdgomSi sadadgmo-saSemsruleblo kulturis ma-
Rali faza warmoiqmna, magram gamoiwvia, rogorc ukve aRiniSna,
msaxiobis inertuloba saxis SeTxzvisa da warmodgenis procesSi.
am axalma viTarebam kvlav moiTxova sarepeticio procesisa da
rolze individualuri muSaobis Secvla. am problemis gadaWras
emsaxureba `qmediTi analizis meTodi~, romlis Tavganwiruli
qadagi gaxldaT batoni miSa. aseTi rwmeniT aRzarda mimdevrebic,
eqsperimentuli jgufis studentebi, rac safuZvlad daedo `me-
11 auditoriis Teatrsac~ da kinomsaxiobTa Teatrsac, rogorc
TanaSemoqmedebiTi procesis princi pi.
3. CvenSi, sadac stabiluri saTeatro dasia, im periodi-
saTvis ukve xelSesaxebad SeiniSneboda saTeatro yofis cvli-
lebani. TanamoazreTa dasebis Sinagani ryeva ukve mniSvnelovnad
adasturebda xelovanTa varauds, rom axali saTeatro ideiT
gaerTianebuli gundi enTuziazmiT muSaobas uZlebs 10-15 weli.
daaxloebiT am drois Semdeg, Teatri-studiis SemoqmedebiT
erTianobas bzari uCndeba. magaliTad, erT-erTma pirvelma,
TviT oleg efremovma datova Teatri; anatol efrosis Tana-
moazreTa gundis Semadgenlobac Seicvala; tagankis Teatrsac

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 maradi berika

gauCnda problemebi; giorgi tovstonogovis erTian gundSic

gaCnda bzari, sergei iurski leningradis didi dramatuli
Teatridan wavida. mizezi TiTqos sxvadasxvaa, magram es ar
cvlis mTavar arguments, romelzec zemoT visaubre. da miuxe-
davad amisa, axali saTeatro ideebi ibadeba, lideris irgvliv
kvlav ikribeba erTmorwmune dasi, grZeldeba enTuziaztTa
studiuri muSaoba, radganac Sinagani SemoqmedebiTi wva, niWi
da unari iseTi cecxlovani lavaa, romelic vulkaniviT amoi-
frqveva xolme da misi SeCereba SeuZlebelia!..
msaxiobi _ rolis avtoris aRzrda, repeticiaze da Semdgom,
yovel speqtaklze, azriani improvizirebis moTxovnileba da
unari _ swored is mniSvnelovani muxti iyo, is `racionaluri
marcvali~, msaxiobTa am axal gaerTianebas rom kravda. aseT
TeatrSi saerTo miznebi apriorulad arseboben. Tanaxmiereba
ufro maRalsa da rTul fazaSi vlindeba. TiToeul moqalaqe-
Semoqmeds Tavisi sagulisxmo koreqtivi Seaqvs sasceno Tana-
arsebobis formaTa Ziebis procesSi. saTeatro koleqtiuri
TanaSemoqmedeba am etapze analitikuri azrovnebis primats
efuZneboda. dasis TiToeuli wevrisagan cxovrebaze indivi-
dualuri dakvirvebis, teqstis individualuri wakiTxvisa da
Seswavlis Sedegad mikvleuli azris saqcielis enaze `Targ-
mna~ reJisoris interpretaciis gaTvaliswinebiT, magram mis-
gan daumokidebeli Ziebis procesisTvisac mzadyofna _ saamiso
unaris gaRviveba gaxldaT is umTavresi mizani, romlis aR-
srulebas Sealia batonma miSam Tavisi cxovrebis umetesi
wlebi. es transkri pcia (azri_ sityva-saqcieli-qmediTi si-
tyva) moulodnelobis efeqtiT unda yofiliyo warmoCenili.
aq ki, Tavis uflebebSi imyofeboda misi brwyinvaleba _ niWi
da ostatoba!
aseT TeatrSi reJisoruli SeTxzvisa da diriJorobis
unari katalizatoris funqciasac arsulebs, urTules da
uzado polifoniurobas aniWebs msaxiobi _ rolis avtoris Tan-
aSemoqmedebiT process, ahyavs igi ritualis sakralurobis
rangSi, radganac yoveli axali sicocxlis dabadeba, am SemT-

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xvevaSi, axali mTlianobis _ speqtaklis dabadeba, TavisTavad

gulisxmobs SamanTa jadoqrobis idumalebasac.
Tavad ansamblis cnebaSic Seitana koreqtivi im periodis
saTeatro praqtikam. yoveli sasceno komponentis Tanaxmierebas,
garkveuli mimarTulebisa da stilis Teatrebis scenazec
Seenacvla disharmonia, formaTa Tanaarsebobis ekleqtika,
SeuTavsebelTa Tanaarseboba, dapirispirebul ZalTa radi-
kaluri moqmedebis stimulireba, sxvadasxva stilis `Sem-
cvleli nawilakebisagan~ erTiani sasceno mozaikis Seqmna da
metaforis rangSi warmodgena; garegnulad mSvid cxovrebiseul
nakadSic ki faruli feTqebadi impulsebis miniSneba da
misi daSifruli koduri sistemiT gamoxatva; xSirad, erTi
SexedviT, alogikur kodur sistemaSic ki SeiniSneboda
Sinagani zRvruli kanonzomierebis simyare. miuxedavad
xelweris, ideis, mimarTulebis kuTvnilebis sxvaobisa, mi-
meturi Tu antimimeturi saTeatro esTetikis kultivirebisa,
am speqtaklebs, Teatrebs aerTianebT umTavresi Tviseba _
nebismieri filosofiuri, masStaburi, Rrma azris gamoxatva
saqcielis eniT da cocxali sasceno qmedebis prioritetiT.
klasikur magaliTad SesaZleblad mimaCnia mixeil TumaniSvilisa
da robert sturuas saTeatro modelis dasaxeleba. erTica da
meorec am niSniT, am TvisebiT uaxlovdebian erTmaneTs. aseTi
saxis TanaSemoqmedebasa da saTeatro ideas Caeyara safuZveli
eqsperimentuli jgufis `TeatrSi~, Semdgom dafuZnda
Teatraluri saxelosnos studiur yofaSi da ganviTarda am
gundis Teatrad `aRiarebis~ periodSic.
4. isic aRsaniSnavia, rom am cvlilebaTa moTxovnileba
daemTxva mTlianad xelovnebis feriscvalebis, realobis si-
tyviT, feriT, xaziT, plastikiT, sasceno SemoqmedebiT
gamosaxvis tranformacias, filosofosTa, fsiqologTa, xe-
lovnebis TeoretikosTa naazrevis gaziarebiT. rodesac maTs
naSromebSi gamoikveTa mosazreba, rom Tanamedrove sazogadoe-
ba aris `speqtaklebis sazogadoeba~ (gi debora, 1967 weli),
Cemi azriT, esec aRmoCnda biZgi saazrovno sivrcis sxva as-

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 maradi berika

peqtiT `ganaTebisaTvis~. TeatrSi am `speqtaklebis sazogadoe-

bis~ yofisa da miswrafebaTa warmoCena `TamaSis~ feradovani
formebiT gamovlinda da amiT sruliad naTeli gaxda, rom
scenis ostatebi, Teatris arqeti puli samyaros `aRmoCeniT~,
arqeti puli samyarosken SemobrunebiT cdilobdnen, sasceno
xelovnebisaTvis daebrunebinaT im sadResaswaulo, saritua-
lo TamaSis formebi, romlis wiaRidanac iSva profesiuli
sasceno sanaxaobiTi kultura. robert sturuas antimimeturi
TeatrisaTvis es aRmoCnda ara marto erTferovani mimeturi
Teatris (da ara saerTod amgvari Teatris!) Stampebisagan
Tavis daRwevis xerxi, aramed axlad mignebuli saTeatro
ideis, msoflaRqmis, xedvis, gansxvavebul formaTa da post-
modernizmis princi pTa sasceno transformaciis saSualeba.
samoedno Teatris farsuli Tavisufleba, karnavalizaciis si-
Wrele, moralites msubuqi didaqtika, ironia da ekleqtizmis
kultivireba _ is svla aRmoCnda, romelmac sturuas poli-
tikuri Teatri - balaganis cincxali formebi, TamaSis wesi,
organuli feradovneba, mZafri dinamiuroba aRmoacena da Sok-
ismomgvreli zemoqmedeba gamoiwvia.
mixeil TumaniSvilis Ziebani aRniSnuli dinebiT ganviTar-
da. TamaSis feradovneba, sulis ganmwmendi, saTuTi garegani
simwyobre da Sinagani dinamika, CvenSi `wminda Teatris~ aRmo-
cenebas moaswavlebda.
mimarTulebaTa siWrele da Tanaarseboba, saerTod, si-
mdidris niSania da asec gagrZeldeboda Cveni saTeatro yofa,
rom ara politikuri kataklizmebi.
5. samwuxarod, CvenSi TiTqmis daviwyebas mieca sakuTar
Tavze msaxiobis muSaobis saxeoba, rogorc aucilebeli aqti
profesionalis yoveldRiuri cxovrebisa, miT ufro, rom
stabiluri dasis yofa am formis kultivirebas naklebad
axdenda. Sesabamisad, SesamCnevi gaxda rolze msaxiobis indivi-
dualuri muSaobis xvedriTi wonis Semcirebac. msaxiobis mier
saxis Zerwvis ZiriTadi adgili sarepeticio darbazi aRmoCnda
(es sakiTxi calke msjlobasa da mizezTa mikvlevas iTxovs).
aRniSnul periodSi araerTi praqtikosi Tavad mivida im

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daskvnamde, rom dramatuli Teatris msaxiobsac iseve sWirde-

ba yoveldRiuri varjiSi sakuTari gamomsaxveli `instrumen-
tis~ (fsiqofizikuri aparatis!) mzadyofnisa da daxvewisaTvis,
rogorc mocekvaves, momRerals, pianists, sabaleto dasisa
Tu mTlianad orkestris wevrebs da sxv. dramatuli Teatris
aqtiorsac aqvs Tavisi gamebi, variaciebi, ileTebi, anu savar-
jiSoebi, romelTa erToblioba varjiSis formiT elastikurs
xdis fsiqofizikur aparats da adamianis qcevaTa miRma idu-
malebiT mosili, Sinagani `kosmosis~ moZraobaTa niuansebis
mignebac mimdinareobs, rac Semdgom repeticiaze da scenaze
iCens Tavs, rogorc katalizatori.
es trenaJi TviTmiznuri rodia. igi ramdenime mizans em-
saxureba. erTi _ msaxiobis (`masalis~) mudmiv mzadyofnaSi
arseboba, daxvewa, gaaqtiurebaa. meorea _ reaqciaTa, Sefase-
baTa saxierebis, mravali plastebis migneba, fiqsireba, gac-
nobiereba da repeticiebze gamoyeneba gonebaSi daleqili, mex-
sierebiT `Semonaxuli~ saxiT. mesame _ sakuTari SemoqmedebiTi
masalis, fsiqofizikuri aparatis imdenad Seswavla da gaaqti-
ureba, rom msaxiobma umcires gamaRizianebel faqtorzec ki,
sapasuxo moulodneli `kardiogramis~ Seqmna SeZlos.
`did TeatrebSi~ aseTi varjiSebis danergva iSviaTobaa.
sxvagvarad ki msaxiobis mouqneloba da Sinagani inertuloba
(aq emociuri mexsierebac igulisxmeba) Zneli dasaZlevi xdeba.
am mxriv institutSi SemuSavebul rCevaTa ganvrcoba, Tea-
trebis ganawesis Secvla, ufro xSirad ki, Cvevadqceuli sa-
Teatro yofis cvlileba rTuli xdeba. Tundac amitom, axali
`geometriuli wyobis~ misagnebad, TumaniSvils sWirdeboda
`uaxlesi teqnikiT~ aRWurvili dasi. sruliad logikuri aR-
moCnda faqti: TumaniSvils Tavisi cdebisaTvis saxelosno-la-
boratoria esaWiroeboda.
am process aCqarebda isic, rom baton miSas Segirdebs,
eqsperimentuli jgufis gunds _ reJisorebsac da maxiobebsac,
unari SeswevdaT, CaRrmavebuliyvnen samsaxiobo Semoqmedebis
qvecnobier plastebSi, Sinagani samyaros saidumloebebiT aR-

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savse uZiro `jurRmulebSi~. maT gamoamJRavnes SesaSuri Ta-

vdadeba, mondomeba, unari, enTuziazmi, Seupovroba, sijiutec
da profesiuli TviTSegnebac... am Tvisebebma cxadad warmoaCines,
rom axalgazrdebis mzadyofna da Jini dauZleveli Seiqmneboda
da maT namdvilad SeswevdaT unari sakuTari Teatri _ arse-
bulisagan gansxvavebuli saTeatro yofa da xelovneba daem-
kvidrebinaT. rogorc Cans, mixeil TumaniSvilis avtoriteti,
misi uTeatrod yofnis simZimili, Segirdebis mzadyofna da
araerTi moRvawis Tanadgoma, gansakuTrebiT qveynis pirveli
piris qeba, uyuradRebod ver darCeboda. totaluri saxelm-
wifo zedamxedvelobis pirobebSi, mxolod mis neba-survils
eniWeboda gadamwyveti uflebamosileba. gadawyvetilebis miReba
daaCqara, rogorc ukve aRvniSne, rezo CxeiZisa da kako dva-
liSvilis Zalisxmevam, eqsperimentuli jgufis gaxmaurebelma
warmatebam; speqtaklma `axalgazrda gvardiis saxeliT~ (aleq-
sandre fadeevis prozis adaptirebuli variantis avtoria merab
gegia. rogorc qalbatoni naTela uruSaZis wignic adasturebs,
Tavdapirvelad studentebs surdaT, damoukideblad emuSavaT
da mere eCvenebinaT pedagogisaTvis speqtakli. muSaoba studen-
tur speqtaklze mimdinareobda reJisor nana kvasxvaZis xelmZR-
vanelobiT. ix.: naTela uruSaZis miTiTebuli naSromi, gv. 119).
dadgmis irgvliv atexili aJiotaJi kidev erTma, xelisu-
flebisaTvis metad mniSvnelovanma pirobam gansazRra. im xanad
saxelmwifo meore msoflio omis, faSizmze gamarjvebis 30
wlisTavs zeimobda da aseTi suliskveTebis speqtakli, miT
ufro axalgazrduli namuSevari da Tanac aseTi xarisxis, ba-
debda gansakuTrebul yuradRebas.
6. mxolod lokaluri mizniTa da pirovnuli survilebiT
ar wamoWrila eqperimentuli jgufis ZiebaTa aucilebloba.
XX saukunis reJisoruli Teatri eqsperimentul ZiebaTa mniS-
vnelobiTac gamoirCeva. rogorc Teatris istoriam daadastu-
ra, es niSani reJisorTa moRvaweobis, marad ganaxlebisaTvis
dauZleveli ltolvis gamomxatvelia. saerTod, mTeli XX
saukunis TeatrisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli aRmoCnda gabeduli

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Ziebani, sasceno eqsperimentebi. es moZraoba daiwyo jer kidev

XIX saukunis meore naxevridan da es tradicia gagrZelda
momdevno aswleulis saTeatro yofaSic.
momravldnen `alqimikosi~ reJisorebi, romlebic enTu-
ziast msaxiobebTan erTad ewevian `laboratoriul muSaobas~,
raTa am mignebaTa Sedegi warmoaCinon `did scenaze~, an Seqmnan
axali Teatrebi. Tavdapirvelad, am mizniT iqmneboda ostatTa
saxelosnoebi, romlebsac Semdgom an daSla, an saTeatro
jgufad Camoyalibeba eweraT. es moZraoba SeiniSneba mTels
msoflioSi, saukunis dasawyisidan da Semdgom wlebSic. maga-
liTisTvis davasaxeleb mxolod ramdenimes: konstantine sta-
nislavskis mier Seqmnili studia povorskoize, sadac praq-
tikulad Caisaxa `stanislavskis sistema~ da misi gamoyenebiT
muSaoba daiwyo; misive saopero-dramatuli studia, leontie-
vis SesaxvevSi arsebul mis binaze, sadac `qmediTi analizis
meTodis~ pirveladi saxeoba daibada; moskovis samxatvro Tea-
tris studiebi; mansurovis SesaxvevSi arsebuli evgeni vaxtan-
govis studia, romelmac samxatvro Teatris mesame studiis
saxeobiT ganagrZo muSaoba, xolo 1922 wels misive saxelo-
bis Teatrad gadakeTda; artoseuli saxelosno;
Semdeg piter brukis mier Carlz marovicTan erTad Seqmni-
li studia (`ulmobelTa Teatri~); julian bekisa da judit
malinas momTabare Teatri _ `livin TieTa~; bari jeksonis re-
Jisorul ZiebaTa laboratoria, eJen grotovskis metafiziku-
ri Teatr-studia, CexeTsa da poloneTSi mimdinare studiuri
moZraoba, amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi arsebuli `msaxiobTa
studia~; samuel beketis studia da sxv. gansakuTrebuli Sede-
giT gamoirCeva piter brukis mier 1968 wels parizSi Camoya-
libebuli saerTaSoriso Teatraluri jgufi. aseve, TiTqmis
yvela gamocdil da saxelganTqmul reJisors, CvenSi, ruseTsa
Tu dasavleTSi, gamoarCevs midrekileba eqsperimentuli mo-
Zraobisaken. saqarTveloSi cnobilia jabadarisa da akaki fa-
Ravas studiebi, lili ioselianis eqsperimentuli Ziebani
(Teatralur institutSic da sankulturis TeatrSic), am

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niSniT Seiqmna rusTavelis Teatris mcire scenac (1963 wels),

rusTavis dramatuli Teatric giga lorTqifaniZis xelmZRva-
nelobiT. TumaniSvilis eqsperimentuli cdebi, SesaZlebelia,
am saukunovani reJisoruli Teatris intensiur ZiebaTa kon-
teqstiT ganvixiloT, raTa gamoikveTos am Teatri-saxelosnos
mniSvneloba Tanamedrove qarTuli saSemsruleblo kulturis
ganviTarebisaTvis.
mixeil TumaniSvilis Teatraluri saxelosnos yovel-
dRiuri cxovreba dilis 10 saaTze trenaJiT iwyeboda, 11
saaTze _ repeticiebiT grZeldeboda, speqtaklis dasawyisis-
Tvis ki rituali imarTeboda. axalgazrdebis enTuziazmi da
TumaniSvilis avtoriteti gamocdil msaxiobebsac uRvivebda
cnobiswadils _ ase daukavSires am Teatrs Tavisi moRaweoba
erosi manjgalaZem, giorgi gegeWkorma, duduxana weroZem,
lia kapanaZem, kote dauSvilma, ivane sayvareliZem, iuri
vasaZem, Salva xerxeuliZem... es tradicia gagrZelda mixeil
TumaniSvilis gardacvalebis Semdegac...
mixeil TumaniSvilis saxelobis kinomsaxiobTa Teatrma
SemoqmedebiTi avtoriteti moi pova...

***

mixeil TumaniSvilis am periodis dRiuri, 1975 wlis

Canawerebis Sinaarsi, qveteqsti da avtoris mkveTri toni
warmoaCens mis sulier mdgomareobasac, migvaniSnebs rogor,
ra mizeziT ganviTarda movlenebi da imasac, rom saministros
mesveurTagan warsulSi miRebuli Wriloba ar Sexorcebula,
tkivili jer kidev axsenebs Tavs, magram uzado pirovnuli
kultura uflebas ar aZlevs, es wuxili sajaro gaxados,
daufaravad, tribunidan gamoTqvas wlebis manZilze dagrovili
mosazrebani. igrZnoba, rom saministros mesveurTa damokide-
buleba Seicvala, magram... magram manamde xom arsebobda Seu-
racxyofili da damTrgunveli wlebi, xuTi weli uTeatrod!..
maisi yovelTvis mSfoTvare Tve iyo misTvis. akiTxavdnen

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Jurnalistebi da iwerdnen mis interviuebs omis wlebze. 1975

wlis maisi ki, Tavisi saiubileo TariRis masStaburi aRniS-
vniT, ufro mSfoTvare aRmoCnda da masac ufro xSirad aki-
Txavdnen Jurnalistebi. mRelvarebamac meti masStabi SeiZina,
Tu gaviTvaliswinebT mocemul pirobebs: wydeba axali, misi
Teatris Seqmnis bedi! mis gonebaSi ganvlili wlebis yvelaze
kritikuli viTareba tivtivebs zedapirze, ori frontuli
movlena: erTi _ omis velze, meore _ Teatralur bataliebze.
bunebrivia, rom am ori movlenis Sedarebasac da ufro mwvave
Sefasebasac axdens. gadatanili gansacdeli brZolis dros
da tyveobaSi; miRebuli Wrilobebi iq da Teatraluri Ta-
vdasxmebis dros erTnairad autanelia, mas Semdeg isadgurebs
sasowarkveTa, uimedobao, _ aRniSnavs igi: `ai, am brZolebis
rezultati! magram Cxuboben, umTavresad, isini, romlebic
ar muSaoben, visac SigaTeatraluri brZolebis meti arafris
Seqmna ar ZaluZT. ai, eseni arian Cveni xelovnebis mowinaaR-
mdege faSistebi! iq, omSi, yvelaferi ufro naTeli iyo. iq iyo
mteri, igi ar giRimoda, `dila mSvidobisas~ ar gisurvebda! is
gitevda, Sen es icodi da cdilobdi, ageridebina misi dartyma,
an dageswro misTvis. mteri iq Canda, mas xedavdi. es patioani
qmedeba maincaa”.
baton miSas kritikuli viTareba Seeqmna: uTeatrod gau-
saZlisi wlebi da maisi, im dReebSi gadatanili ubedurebis
gaxseneba! uTuod, am ganwyobis Sedegia Canaweric, sadac Cans
tkivilic, sasowarkveTac, saTeatro bataliebis simwvavec da
am ori frontis Sedarebac. cxovrebiseuli dramaturgia, ada-
mianis Sinagani monologis simZafre zustad gamoixata repli-
kiT: `Cveni xelovnebis faSistebi!~ sityvis dabadebis procesi
da kanonzmiereba cxovrebaSi ase naTlad mimdinareobs, ase
naTlad vlindeba `cxovrebiseuli dramaturgiac~. uTeatro-
bisa da `maisis gancdebs~ isic daerTo, rom im dReebSi batoni
miSa marjaniSvilis TeatrSi fridrix diurenmatis `milione-
ris vizits~ dgamda. misi imJamindeli Ziebisagan msaxiobTa ume-
tesobis gaucxoeba kidev erTi winaaRmdegobaa, raTa misTvis
agrerigad mniSvnelovani migneba ganaxorcielos _ jer repe-

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 maradi berika

ticiebze, mere ki speqtaklze warmoqmnas cocxali sasceno

qmedeba! Tavisi sarepeticio jadoqrobiTac ki, rogorc Cans,
gauWirda am meTodiT msaxiobebis daintereseba. am meTods
ase ucbad, erTi xelis mosmiT, ver aiTviseb! am xangrZliv
varjiSsa da sityvis sasceno enaze tranformaciis xelobas
msaxiobTa umetesoba ar flobs!
1976 wlis 1 ianvars, roca Teatris Seqmnaze ukve realu-
rad mimdinareobs mxolod saubari ki ara, ukve saqmiani Sexve-
drebic, Canaweric ufro imediani xdeba, Tumca, uTeatrobis
mwvave gancda mainc igrZnoba.
ase mgonia, Semdegi ori weli, 1976-1977 _ saxelosnos
Seqmnisa, repertuaris daxvewisa, Senobis gadakeTebisa da
1978 wlis 14 ianvars sakuTar SenobaSi pirveli speqtaklis
TamaSisa, iyo sazRauri im mowameobrivi cxovrebisa, Teatrs
rom miuZRvna mixeil TumaniSvilma. manamde ki iyo mRelvare
molodini, sakuTari da Segirdebis bed-iRbalze fiqri...
1975 wlis 8 maisis Canaweri:
`gvardiam~ didi warmateba moi pova. ufrosobac bevri
daeswro (pavle gilaSvili). me da bavSvebs gvilocavdnen. maT
moewonaT.
ramdeni `ufrosoba~ Seicvala Cems Teatralur yofaSi,
ramdeni umecari eswreboda speqtakls, Cven ki mRelvared
velodiT maTs Sefasebas. rogori damamcirebelia es! umeca-
risagan elodo Sefasebas da Tanac Relavde. albaT, es xdeba
imitom, rom maTgan veliT daxmarebasa da mowyalebas, veliT
ise, rogorc Tavis droze _ sacodavi molieri!
iyvnen kako dvaliSvili da giga (giga lorTqifaniZe _
n.a.). kakom momiloca da mTxova masTan Semevlo am kursze mo-
salaparakeblad, kinofabrikis teritoriaze studiis gaxsnis
variantis Taobaze.
Zalian bevri xalxi iyo. didi aJiotaJia. speqtakli moswonT,
yovel SemTxvevaSi, gaocebulni arian imiT, rom studentebi
samjer mRerian `internacionals~ da samjerve tirian.
17,18,19,20 maiss mivemgzavrebiT `gvardiiT~ baqoSi~.
baqoSi warmatebulma Cvenebam kidev ufro SemarTuli gaxa-

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da jgufi, CamosvlisTanave, 22 maiss, mixeil TumaniSvili

Sexvda akaki dvaliSvils da imave dRes dRiurSi Cawera:
`viyavi kakosTan (is kino-ministria). eswrebodnen rezo
CxeiZe, vaxtang jaxutaSvili da ori finansisti (akaki dva-
liSvili maSin iyo kinokomitetis Tavmjdomare, xolo vaxtang
jaxutaSvils miandes teqnikuri problemebis meTvalyureoba,
rogorc, savaraudod, Teatris momaval direqtors _ n.a.).
me mivitane kinostudiis Teatris Cemeuli `programa~. rezo
CxeiZem daavala `sademonstracio klubis~ rekonstruqciis
proeqtis Seqmna, Zveli kinostudiis ezoSi rom mdebareobs.
Sevkribe reJisorebi (nugzari, cotne da qeTi) da kalandaZeze
mTeli saRamo ganvixilavdiT viTarebas (nugzar bagrationi,
cotne nakaSiZe, qeTi doliZe, maSin batoni miSa kalandaZis
quCaze cxovrobda _ n.a.)
jaxutaSvili daJinebiT moiTxovs aleqsandres baRSi ava-
SenoT axali Teatri. Cven es xels ar gvaZlevs. amasobaSi
gaivlis ramdenime weli~.
batoni miSa Cqarobs, misTvis yoveli dRe rTuli gadasata-
nia. marTlac grZnobs, rom eleva Zala da moTminebis unari. mas
ukve Seusrulda 54 weli, miaCnia, rom am xanSi rTulia axali
saqmis wamowyeba da Teatris gaZRola, magram roca dainaxa, rom
saqme daiZra da ukve gadawyda, sad daidebs binas maTi Teatri,
imedianic gaxda da ufro dajerebulic. misi ukompromisoba da
siwrfele warmoCnda kulturis saministros moxeleTa dialo-
gidanac, romelic konspeqtis saxiTaa Cawerili.
rogorc ki xelisuflebis maRali eSelonebis warmomad-
genelTa speqtakliT daintereseba cnobili gaxda, kulturis
saministros xelmZRvanelobac dainteresda, ufro zustad,
iZulebuli gaxda, dainteresebuliyo TumaniSvilisa da misi
Segirdebis bediT. TiTqos, axlaRa aRmoaCines, rom mixeil
TumaniSvili uTeatrod cxovrobda da rom misi yoveli gamoS-
vebis studentebi, swored erTiani saTeatro ideis irgvliv
ar iyvnen darazmulni da ar flobdnen erTian saTeatro enas.
im faqtma, rom TumaniSvils SesTavazes kinostudiis bazaze
Teatris Seqmna, saCoTiro viTareba Seuqmna kulturis sami-

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 maradi berika

nistros. maT TavianTi kadrebis mimarT, rbilad rom vTqvaT,

uyuradRebobaSi dasdebdnen brals, Tu es dasWirdeboda res-
publikis xelmZRvanelobas. rom ara es daintereseba xelisu-
flebisa studenturi speqtakliT, maSin arc es ori Sexvedra
Sedgeboda kulturis saministroSi da arc es Canawerebi gaC-
ndeboda TumaniSvilis dRiurSi:
`ucbad, saministrom ganacxada, rom isini ar dauSveben,
ar gauSveben jgufs kinostudiaSi. dafacurdnen!
anzor quTaTelaZe _ xom ar waxvidodiT jgufTan erTad
metexSi?
_ araviTar SemTxvevaSi! ar SeiZleba erT taZarSi 2
religia iyos.
_ rom movxsnaT mrevliSvili?
_ iq yvelaferi misi xeliT aris gakeTebuli. Cems bavSveb-
sac ar surT iq wasvla.
_ aba, sad wavlen?
_ kinostudiaSi, rezo CxeiZesTan.
_ Cven ar mogcemT amis nebas. ajanydeba mTeli saministro.
_ amas ra jobia!
me gaviqeci kako dvaliSvilTan daxmarebisTvis, magram igi
kabinetSi ar damxvda~.
rogorc ki sazogadoeba da partiuli elita alaparakda
TumaniSvilis jgufze, marTlac dafacurdnen kulturis sa-
ministros Tavkacebi: etyoba, variantebic ki SesTavazes re-
Jisors, mis mimarT pativiscemac gamoxates, TiTqos, sul
ramdenime wlis winaT `Zelze gasma~ ar daupires TumaniSvils,
TiTqos, maTi mxardaWeriT ar momzadda da daistamba masze
Seuracxmyofeli statiebi, TiTqos, maTi erT-erTi moxelis
faruli diriJorobiT ar mimdinareobda Teatraluri sazoga-
doebis ori plenumi da saerTod, mTeli es bakqanalia Tuma-
niSvilis winaaRmdeg.
rogorc Cans, am Sexvedram mZime zemoqmedeba moaxdina
masze. dRiurSi isev gaCnda minoruli ganwyoba da sevdiani
Canaweri: `ai, axali dRis dila daiwyo, ra kvals datovebs ne-

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tav? midian dReebi, midis Zala, midis imedi. midis cxovreba!~

misi dReebi, Zala, imedi winaT koncentrirebuli iyo re-
peticiaze, speqtaklis SeTxzvaze, Teatrze, axla _ axali
Teatris Seqmnaze, axal sarepeticio meTodze, speqtaklebis
SeTxzvaze, isev Ziebaze... magram Tu axlac xels SeuSlian,
maSin... maSin xom isev daisadgurebs sicariele?!.
im dRes xma dairxa, rom saqarTvelos kompartiis ck pir-
veli mdivani, respublikis pirveli piri daeswreba speqtakls.
advili warmosadgenia, ra xdeboda kulturis saministroSi!
saswrafod unda mieRoT gadawyvetileba! isev daibares mixeil
TumaniSvili kulturis saministroSi. man dRiurSi Cawera:
`dRes or saaTze ki, vrceli saubari mqonda isev Cems
jgufze nodar gurabaniZesTan, anzor quTaTelaZesTan da vaso
kiknaZesTan kulturis saministroSi. isini Cqaroben gaanawi-
lon studentebi.
n. _ ra vqnaT b-o mixeil, ra vuyoT Tqvens kurss? qarTul
Teatrs uWirs, mas sWirdeba axali Zala. jgufTan erTad rom
rusTavelis TeatrSi waxvideT?
me _ ara, gmadlobT.
n _ Zalian cudi mdgomareoba gvaqvs TeatrebSi. gvirCieT,
rogor moviqceT?
me _ ar vici.
n _ maSin Tqveni jgufi miviRoT rusTavelis TeatrSi.
me _ rom isev daikargos, rogorc wina kursi?
n _ romeli kursi?
me _ wina kursi, Cemi kursi: marina janaSia, nani CiqviniZe,
daTo kurcxalia, givi CuguaSvili da sxvebi. me mqonda imedi,
rom Temur CxeiZe (molaparakebulic viyavi) mouvlis am jgufs,
magram etyoba, ver SeZlo amis gakeTeba da jgufi daiSala.
Cems jgufs mxolod erTad SeuZlia kargad muSaoba, erTiani
meTodiT. rusTavelis TeatrSi ki oTxi reJisoria da oTxive
qadagebs Tavis meTods. Temuri CxeiZe cdilobs msaxiobebTan
erTad Seqmnas saxeebi da mTeli speqtakli, robiko ki amtki-
cebs, rom amas ara aqvs mniSvneloba. me vakeTeb mizanscenebs,
ambobs igi, Tqven ki gaamarTleT, rogorc gindaT. Temuri ki

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 maradi berika

ambobs, rom mizanscena da sxva danarCeni, msaxiobis scenuri

cxovrebis Sedegad unda daibados. xom grZnobT gansxvavebas?
ra qnas msaxiobma?.. amis gamo Teatris dasi iyofa or jgu-
fad, msaxiobebi eZeben misTvis sasargeblos. dasis normaluri
aRzrda SeuZlebelia.
me mgonia, rom orive mimarTulebas aqvs ufleba iarsebos,
mxolod cal-calke...
n _ aba, ra vqnaT?
me _ gadaiyvaneT Temuri marjaniSvilis TeatrSi. rusTa-
velSi daniSneT robiko mTavar reJisorad, maSin Seiqmneba ori
sxvadasxva Teatri. me vTvli, rom axla es ori reJisori
yvelaze Zlieria CvenSi.
n _ Tqven Tavs ratom ar TvliT? Temuri da robiko xom
Tqveni mowafeebi arian.
me _ diax, da me amiT vamayob. robiko xedavs speqtakls,
rogorc gacocxlebul naxats. imitom aris, rom mis speqtak-
lebSi bevri metaforuli gadawyvetaa, Temuris speqtakli
ufro msaxioburia. robikom airCia ramaz CxikvaZe da iyenebs
am niWier msaxiobs, radgan ramazs aqvs unari, TviTon gaama-
rTlos misi mizanscenebi _ scenebi. me marto garegnul gad-
awyvetas ar vgulisxmob!..
n _ maSin ra vqnaT? iqneb mainc dabrundeT rusTavelis
TeatrSi?
me _ ara.
n _ mTavar reJisorad?!
me _ ara. yvelafers aqvs Tavisi dro. iyo marjaniSvili,
dadga `cxvris wyaro~, `urieli~ da wavida (Tu gaagdes Teat-
ridan?), mere axmetelma dadga `anzori~, `lamara~ (daiWires),
mere xorava-vasaZis dros daidga `otelo~. Semdeg aleqsiZe.
aleqsiZem dadga `oidi posi~, `baxtrioni~. wavida. Cemi Se-
moqmedebiTi kredos saukeTeso speqtaklebi iyo `roca aseTi
siyvarulia~, `antigone~. gaTavda. axla aris maTi dro. Teat-
raluri idea koleqtivSi cocxlobs 10 weli, mere ibadeba
axali Teatraluri idea, koleqtivi. ase rom ukeTesia... Cemi
jgufi iyos kinostudiasTan. Tu araferi ar gamouvaT CemTan,

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isev rusTavelis TeatrSi movlen.

mere me didxans vilaparake, rogori iqneba Cemi studia.
daviRale. xval davasruleb, konspeqturad.
saRamos `gvardiaze~ movida e. SevardnaZe. Zalze daRlili
iyo. speqtaklis Semdeg madloba gadagvixada. Segvaqo.
ra eSveleba am kurss? nuTu me ver SevZleb axalgazrdu-
li Teatris organizebas?! rezo CxeiZe Zalze bevrs mpirdeba,
cdilobs, rom es saqme gamovides~.
rogorc am Canawerebidan irkveva, kulturis saministrom
gadasinja Tavisi Sexedulebebi, SesaZloa imitomac, rom misi
Semadgenloba Seicvala, magram Zveli kadrebic ganagrZobdnen
muSaobas. ara mgonia, saministros TanamSromlebs, Teatris
moRvaweebs radikalurad SeecvalaT pozicia. ubralod, maT
politikur koniuqturas gauwies angariSi, Tanac igrZnes,
rom... igrZnes partiuli elitis amJamindeli pozicia _ es
iyo umTavresi biZgi. batoni miSac grZnobda, rom araerTi
Sexvedra da SemoTavazeba ufro iZulebiTi aqcia iyo, vidre
gulwrfeli monaniebis Sedegi. amitomac etyoba Canawerebs
gaRizianebuli toni.

6 ivniss Cauweria:
`galustovam saministrodan SemomTavaza rusuli mozard
mayurebelTa Teatris mTavari reJisoroba. me vupasuxe:
_ ministrma erTxel rogorRac Tqva: `me mas davalpob
rusul mozard mayurebelTa TeatrSi!~ me ki ar minda es... ga-
lustova... damanebeT Tavi! yvela gazeTi aqebs `gvardias~. imi-
tom, rom e. SevardnaZem Seaqo. axla gasagebia, rogor keTdeba
saqme. `gvardiam~ naRaras Semohkra~.
sakuTar TavTan martod darCenili batoni miSa, sadinars
uxsnis wlobiT dagrovil saTqmels. eTer galustovas SemoT-
avazebac kulturis saministros xelmZRvanelobis survilia:
oRond, romelime TeatrSi daiwyos TumaniSvilma muSaoba! maT-
Tvis ara aqvs mniSvneloba reJisoris princi pebs, axla Tavis
gadarCenis Jami daudga maT! aravin icis, rodis da rogor
SemoubrundebaT SevardnaZis amJamindeli ganwyoba! qveynis

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 maradi berika

pirveli piris Seqeba _ maTTvis signalia! ras vizamT, arc

isini arian princi pulni da adamianuri sisustisagan gaucxoe-
bulni. savarZlis trfiali ras ar gagakeTebinebs kacs!

1975 wlis 9 ivnisis Canaweri:

`Teatraluri sazogadoebis darbazSi gavmarTeT Cveni
speqtaklebis dekada. faqtobrivad, es ukve Teatria, Tavisi
didi repertuariT... da mainc Zalze bevri minusia: msaxiobTa
cudi metyveleba, ar SeuZliaT moqmedebis ganviTareba, win
gadaadgileba (da ara sityvebis raxa-ruxi). isini... xSirad
mayurebelze TamaSoben. ar unda daviviwyo reJisor Sapiros
sityvebi: `ar mesmis, ras niSnavs Tanamoazreni. es xdeba oc-
daSvid wlamde. Tanamoazreni ki ara, aramed adamiani Tavisi
mxatvruli ideebiT da mis irgvliv xalxi, romelTac misi
sjeraT!~ me vocnebob, rom TeatrSi modiodnen dilis 9 saa-
Tze, varjiSobdnen metyvelebaSi, ostatobaSi, plastikaSi,
improvizaciebiT da a.S. xolo 12-dan 2-saaTamde repeticias
gadiodnen. mxolod ase. samxedro reJimi. mcireodeni darRveva
_ studiasTan urTierTobis Sewyveta. SeZleben ki?! da nu mo-
vityuebT Tavs, rom es aris msoflioSi pirveli studia. aTa-
sobiT studia arsebobda da isini iSlebodnen 10 wlis Semdeg.
igive moxdeba aqac. amitomac unda Sevqmna samwliani gegma.
dilidan saRamomde raRac problemebs vwyvet, pirvelqm-
nili qaosi trialebs da mec masTan erTad, rogorc mgrZno-
biare marcvali~.
batoni miSasTvis miqrian dReebi, xolo saqme adgilidan
SesamCnevad ar iZvris. igi cxovrebiseuli problemebis winaSe
uZluri gaxldaT. am winaaRmdegobaTa daZleva advili ar iyo.
baton rezos mTeli kinotudiis problemebi mxrebze awva da
yovelTvis ver iclida TeatrisTvis! sxva enTuziasti ki ar
Canda, romelic Tavs gaswiravda da moagvarebda TeatrisaTvis
Senobis rekonstruqciis yvela problemas.
14 ivniss balneologiur saavadmyofoSi gaukeTebia Canawe-
ri (iq muSaobda misi meuRle): `Tavzesayreli saqme, metad
mniSvnelovani (visTvis?), Zalze saCqaro (rasTan dakavSire-

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biT?), dausrulebeli, magram ratomRac gasaocrad erTfe-

rovani. mTeli naxevari weli davkarge kaTedraze, magram ra
Seicvala? erT adgils vtkepniT studiis gamo, nacvlad imisa,
rom gavaCaRoT aqtiuri muSaoba. yvelaferi TviTon unda ga-
vakeTo, ar unda gadavce saqme TanaSemweebs, reJisorebs (nug-
zars, cotnes, qeTis)...~
rogor etyoba, rom gaRizianebulia, eCqareba, dros ver
imetebs teqnikuri problemebisaTvis.
imave CanawerSi aRniSnavs, rom jgufidan mxolod 10 stu-
dents aiyvans studiaSi (TiToeuli zustad daaxasiaTa): 1.
murman jinoria. 2. rezo imnaiSvili, 3. badri kakabaZe, 4.
darejan jojua, 5. laura rexviaSvili, 6. manana surmava, 7.
nino mamulaSvili, 8. paata baraTaSvili, 9. zaza miqaSaviZe,
10. mzia arabuli.
am CamonaTvals asrulebs sityvebiT: `kanoni unda Sevqmna,
trenaJebisa da improvizaciisTvis programa!~
`me-11 auditoris Teatrma sazogadoebas Tavisi repertu-
ari uCvena, qebam molodins gadaaWarba, miT ufro, rom
saubari axali Teatris dabadebaze ukve Riad mimdinareobs.
5 ivniss, warmodenili spqtaklis Semdeg, baton miSas dRi-
urSi aRuniSnavs: `lorkas `sisxliani qorwili~ kargad wavida
(qeTi doliZe). sami dRe gadaWedili darbazi. naTela uruSaZem
miTxra: `Sen ar ginda, gaigo, rom Cven veswrebiT axali Teat-
ris dabadebas. aseTi sicxe da samive dRe gavsebuli darbazi _
es niSnavs, rom am speqtaklebze dadian interesiT. aq mxolod
inteligenturi publikaa...~
es sityvebi Zalze sasimovnoa, amxnevebs kidec Segirdeb-
sac da winamZRolsac, magram baton miSas ar akmayofilebs
mxolod sityvieri mxardaWera, mas Sedegi _ Tavisi Te-
atri surs! Tanac axlave! Tavisi wamowyebuli saqmis, Tavisi
mignebisa da princi pebis gamyareba, warmoCena da ganviTareba
surs, Tanac axlave! saTeatro ideis scenaze realizebasa
da daxvewas eSureba! mas eCveneba, rom dro mihqris, Senobis
sakiTxis gadaWra da eqsperimentuli gundisaTvis saTeatro
dasis statusis miniWeba ki miizlazneba! mas aviwydeba, rom

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 maradi berika

cxovrobs sabazro ekonomikis, kerZo sakuTrebisa da mewarme-

mecenatTa Tavisufali moqmedebis pirobebSi ki ara, aramed
totaluri saxelmwifoebrivi zedamxedvelobisa da biurokra-
tiul-Cinovnikuri sistemis pirobebSi, sadac raime saxis no-
vacia afrTxobs moxeleTa armias. advilad ar xdeba, Tundac,
pirveli piris miTiTebaTa Sesruleba, roca saqme finansebs
exeba. aq subieqturi faqtori metad did rols asrulebs.
saerTod, piradi daintereseba ar aris sruliad gamosaricxi
faqtori! piraduli interesi Zalze bevrs niSnavs! arc angare-
baa gamosaricxi!..
mixeil TumaniSvili maqimalistia! Tavad bevrs, Zalze
bevrs gascems, Zalze bevrs muSaobs, Zalze bevrs aRwevs...
magram mxolod sakuTar ZalTa mobilizebiT, sakuTari drois
ganawilebiT, sakuTari Ziebis pirobebSi. magram, roca saqme
scildeba Tavis samoqmedo areals, samuSao magidas, Tavis oTaxs,
binas, sarepeticio darbazs, saTeatro Senobas, iq ibneva... so-
cialuri, yofiTi, yoveldRiuri winaaRmdegobebis gadalaxvis
unari TiTqmis ar gaaCnia! SeiZleba hqonda kidec garkveveli
doziT amis unari, magram dros da energias ver imetebda! ar
surda gaeflanga is, rac mxolod repeticias, profesiul Zie-
bas, scenas, sawer magidas _ Tavis saqmes sWirdeboda!

***
misi speqtaklebis dekadas ar davswrebivar, manamde momi-
wia saqarTvelodan wasvla, Tanac seqtembramde. gamosamSvido-
beblad rom mivedi, Tavisi samoqmedo gegma maCvena. yvelaferi
iyo aRniSnuli, garda erTisa: rogor apirebda saorganizacio
problemebis gadaWras. kargi direqtori, dRevandeli gagebiT
maRali rangis, misi donis profesionali menejeri unda aRmo-
Ceniliyo mis gverdiT. amaze ocnebac ki ar SeiZleboda! sul
imas Cioda, rezo CxeiZes Tavzesayrelad aqvs saqme, Cven xom
ver gadagvyvebao. gamecina da Cveni bolo Sexvedra Sevaxsene,
reJisori xom xelmZRvanelobas niSnavso, gaiZaxoda maSin. es
vTqvi da maSinve vinane. umweod Semomxeda: `Tqven gaviwyde-

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baT, rom ukve ormcdaaTs gadavabije, Tanac ukve karga xania!

cota dro darmCa... Tanac ar SemiZlia... nu miyurebT, rogorc
yovlisSemZles! raRac arc me SemiZlia!..~ roca vkiTxe, ra
Camo-gitanoT-meTqi, Tavi gaiqnia: `araferi minda, mSvidobiT
CamodiT, droze CamodiT... iciT ra minda? Aai, axla, am wuTas,
davxuWo Tvalebi... mere gavaxilo da... Cveni Teatris Senoba
mqondes, scenaze vidge bavSvebTan erTad da gavdiode repeti-
cias! meti araferi minda...~
mTeli cxovreba, ocnebobda eTqva: `sezam~ da ganxsniliyo
Teatris karibWe, scenaze an sarepeticio darbazSi aRmoCeniliyo
da mxolod ZiebiT, mignebiTa da sixaruliT yofiliyo aRsavse
misi cxovreba. rTuli yofa da uxeSi realoba afrTxobda...
mxardamWeri imaze meti aRmoCnda, vidre egonaT. Tavadac
aqtiurobdnen, zogi _ scenaze TamaSiT, zogi _ kulisebs
miRmac, Tavisi uzomo energiisa da Setevis unariT, rogorc
qeTi doliZe. miuxedavad imisa, rom misi aqtiuroba, saer-
Tod, misi cxovrebis wesi miuRebeli iyo batoni miSasTvis
da afrTxobda kidec aseTi `SturmiT~ moqmedeba, qeTi doliZe,
etyoba, mainc Tavis stiqiaSi imyofeboda da partiul elitas
sakuTari gadawyvetilebiT epatiJeboda speqtaklebze, jer
sadi plomo namuSevarze (`gvardia~) da mere dekadazec, roca
mTeli Tavisi mignebebiTa da TamaSis JiniT warsdga mayure-
blis winaSe eqsperimentuli jgufi. Aam sakiTxs vubrundebi,
radganac qalbatoni qeTi xSirad ambobs, Tu ara Cemi Zalisx-
meva, Teatri ar gaixsnebodao.
qeTi doliZisaTvis Cveulma aqtiurobamac gamoiRo, uTuod,
Tavisi nayofi, magram araviTari mizezi ar arsebobs iTqvas,
rom mas unda umadlodnen Teatris Seqmnas da rom ara misi
aseTi Tavganwirva, dRes ar gveqneboda mixeil TumaniSvilis
saxelobis kinomsaxiobTa Teatri. amgvar “mtkicebas”, erTxel
da samudamod unda moeRos bolo. Mminda mjerodes, rom aseTi
gadaWarbebuli ambicia mxolod droebiTia da bolos da bo-
los yvela SeveguebiT im azrs, rom mixeil TumaniSvilis niWs,
ostatobas, mis SemoqmedebiT avtoritets, mis uTeatrod
yofnas, mTeli eqsperimentuli jgufis xelovnebiseul kredos,

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 maradi berika

xelovnebaSi maTi cxovrebis formas, sakuTari repertuariT

aqtiuri da aqtualuri princi pebis warmoCenas, speqtaklebisa
da calkeuli rolebis mxatvrul dones, studiuri moZraobis
axali talRis gaZlierebas, mTels msoflioSi momZlavrebul
tendenciasac (postdramatuli TeatrisaTvis aqtiuri moZ-
raoba dasavleTSi ukve mniSvnelovnad Camoyalibda! `axali
ti pis Teatris~ anu `iluzoruli Teatris~ princi pebTan da-
pirispirebuli tendenciac, am droisaTvis, axal talRaze
aRmoCnda), miuZRvis upirvelesi da gadamwyveti roli saqarT-
veloSi kinomsaxiobTa Teatris SeqmnaSi. ufro zustad, axal-
gazrduli dasisaTvis saTeatro Senobis gadacemisa da misTvis
oficialuri statusis miniWebaSi. es nabiji ki rezo CxeiZem
damoukideblad gadadga, yoveli `mamis~, aqtiuri Segirdis,
speqtaklze mowveuli partiuli elitis zemoqmedebis gareSe.
batonebma rezo CxeiZem da kako dvaliSvilma sakuTar Tavze
aiRes am saTeatro gundis mfarveloba, karga xans `gadam-
Reb jgufad~ rom iyo manana anTaZis (kinomsaxiobTa Teatris
saliteraturo nawilis gamge) cnobiT gaformebuli.
ra Tqma unda, `me-11 auditoriis Teatris~ irgvliv Seqm-
nilma situaciam, partiuli xelmZRvanelobis mier gamoCenil-
ma interesma (gansakuTrebiT, mixeil TumaniSvilis uTeatrod
yofnisaTvis pasuxismgeblobisa da uxerxulobis grZnobam)
gauadvila kinostudiis xelmZRvanels aseTi gadawyvetilebis
ganxorcieleba, kidev ufro aqtiurad Caaba akaki dvaliSvilic
am procesSi, magram Tavad winadadeba mixeil TumaniSvilma
rezo CxeiZisagan ufro adre miiRo, vidre afiSas, yvavils,
werils gaugzavnida qeTi doliZe eduard SevardnaZes. isic,
minda aRvniSno, rom am Temaze saubari baton miSas ar surda,
mas Tavisi cxovrebis wesi hqonda da sakuTari princi pebic,
romelTa erTgulic iyo, romelTac ar Ralatobda, romelTac
icavda sicocxlis bolomde.

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***
ase dasrulda 1974-1975 saswavlo weli, saTeatro se-
zoni, CaTavda dekadac, minelda aJiotaJic, marjaniSvilis
Teatri, sadac imxanad batoni miSa dgamda diurenmatis piesas
(`milioneris viziti~) soxums gaemgzavra sagastrolod. aq-
tiuri saTeatro cxovreba minelda. batoni miSa `usaqmodaa!~
(repeticiis da leqciebis gareSe). warmomidgenia, ras ganicdi-
da! misi Canawerebi am mSfoTvare ganwyobis anareklia. rogorc
irkveva, rezo CxeiZem da akaki dvaliSvilma Seasrules sityva
da mixeil TumaniSvilis mier miTiTebuli msaxiobebi `aiyvanes~
kinostudiis StatSi.
9 ivlisis Canaweri:
`Zalian cxela. qalaqs ar yofnis haeri, mas manqanebi, av-
tomobilebis uzarmazari qalaquri jogi nTqavs. maT dai pyres
qalaqi. es germanul okupaciaze saSinelia.
klubis gadakeTebis proeqtze muSaobs Tengiz abulaZis
vaJiSvili. muSaobs Zalian nela... ase rom, am sezonSi Cven
ar gveqneba sakuTari Senoba (Tu saerTod gveqneba!) etyo-
ba, mogviwevs servantesis TeatriviT xetiali. direqtori
jaxutaSvili pasiuria, misTvis axali Senobis mSeneblobis
gareSe uinteresoa muSaoba. kidev kargi, rom yvela msaxiobs
eqneba yovelTviuri jamagiri, 120 maneTi~.
Cvens sinamidvileSi moxda uprecendento SemTxveva, ase
ucbad, TiTqmis or TveSi gadawyda msaxiobebis dasaqmebis
problema _ isini Cairicxnen kinostudiis StatSi! isini ukve
oficialurad arian kinostudiis mfarvelobis qveS, misi egid-
iT SeuZliaT gaagrZelon speqtaklebis Cveneba, gastrolebi
gamarTon (asec moxda!) da ase daelodon sademonstracio dar-
bazis saTeatro Senobad gadakeTebis dasrulebas. albaT, aris
racionaluri marcali im faqtSi, rom kinomsaxiobTa Teatris
(Tavdapirvelad _ saxelosnos!) daarsebis TariRad miviCnioT
1975 wlis ivlisi, xolo sakuTar scenaze pirveli speqtak-
lis Cvenebis TariRad _ 1978 wlis 14 ianvari, roca iTamaSes
premiera _ levan WeliZis `esmeralda~.

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 maradi berika

ase gavida zafxuli. dRiurSi gaCnda ufro saqmiani Canaw-

eri. es exeba mis jgufs:
`28 seqtemberi.
mTavari problema _ studiaa! maxiobebisTvis Sepirebu-
li 120 maneTis gadaxda ar undaT. sabrZolvelad mivdivar,
magram vgrZnob, rom es mTlad Cemi saqme ar aris. es rogor
keTdeba, ar vici~.
Semdegi Canaweri mianiSnebs, rom damokidebuleba kom-
partiis ck-sa da kulturis saministros Soris daZabulia.
yovel SemTxvevaSi, amisi niSnebi ikveTeba. ra Tqma unda, Tu-
maniSvili da misi jgufis problemebi ar aris am uTanxmoebis
mizezi, magram esec amZafrebs viTarebas.
12 seqtembers rusTavelis Teatrma warmoadgina bertold
brextis `kavkasiuri carcis wre~. premieram didi warmatebiT
Caiara. erT-erT speqtakls eduard SevardnaZec daeswro da
roca Sexvda akaki baqraZes (rusTavelis Teatris maSindel
direqtors) da kulturis ministrs, isev ukiTxavs TumaniS-
vilisa da misi jgufis ambavi. es sakmarisi aRmoCnda, rom isev
dainteresebuliyvnen misi personiT. es faqti, ra Tqma unda,
cnobili gaxda da umal Seicvala mis mimarT araerTi adamianis,
miT ufro qveSevrdomuli fsiqikis adamianebis damokidebule-
ba. axla Zveli oponentebic datkbnen.
dRiurSi vkiTxulobT:
`29 seqtemberi.
damireka a. baqraZem. mTxova, mivsuliyavi. konspeqturad
vwer Cvens saubars:
a. baqraZe _ ra gadawyviteT?
_ jer-jerobiT araferi.
_ robikos speqtaklze iyo SevardnaZe da Zalian aqo
`axalgazrda gvardia~. mere mkiTxa jer me da mere ministrs
TaqTaqiSvils: sad muSaoben axla is axalgazrda msaxiobebi?
TaqTaqiSvilma upasuxa, rom axalgazrdebma TumaniSvilis xel-
mZRanelobiT Seqmnes axali Teatri _ studia, kinostudias-
Tan. SevardnaZem upasuxa: `es didi Secdoma mogsvliaT. aseTi

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axalgazrdoba unda muSaobdes did TeatrSi~. `me ra unda me-

qna, ver moverie rezo CxeiZes da kako dvaliSvils~ ((uTqvams
uTqvams
oTar TaqTaqiSvils _ n.a. n.a.)) `mainc ar unda geqnaT~. upasuxa
SevardnaZem. mere me vuTxari, rom axlac ar aris gvian~. ara,
axla me ukve ar SemiZlia im saqmis daSlao. me rom mcodnoda,
rom Tqven cudad gaqvT saqme, maSin me daviwyebdi moqmedebas,
magram axla ra unda vqnaTo?!
_ jer-jerobiT asea saqme.
a.b. _ iqneb Tqven orive adgilze imuSaoT?
_ ara, es ar SemiZlia.
a.b. _ modiT CvenTan kolegiaSi.
_ ara, kolegiaSi ver Seval. me yovelTvis viqnebi Cemi
yofili mowafeebisaTvis xelis SemSleli buzRuna pedago-
gi. robikom erTxel miTxra: `Tqven gaviwydebaT, rom me ukve
Tqveni studenti aRara var~. axla sturuas da CxeiZes farTo
horizonti sWirdebaT. yoveli niWieri reJisoris cxovrebaSi
aris momenti, rodesac is mecxre talRaze aRmoCndeba. es
mokle etapia da am dros ar unda SeuSaloT xeli. ase, rom
sul ar aris saWiro Cemi yofna kolegiaSi. Tqven xom axla
saqme kargad gaqvT.
b.a. _ arc ise kargad. Cven gvinda TqvenTan muSaoba.
_ mapatieT, magram ar SemiZlia.
b.a. _ Zalian samwuxaroa.
ase dasrulda akaki baqraZesTan ukanaskneli saubari. me
ki dRes mivdivar rezo CxeiZesTan da kako dvaliSvilTan. maT
unda warvudgino Cemi pirobebi studiis Seqmnis Taobaze. an
ase, an aranairad! viqnebi isev institutSi. rogorc Cans, Cemi
Teatri arasdros meqneba~.
kidev ori weliwadi unda gavides, rom Senobis re-
konstruqcia dasruldes. manamde batoni miSa intensiurad
muSaobs: dgams telespeqtaklebs, wers wigns, atarebs repe-
ticiebs, gonebaSi Txzavs momaval warmodgenebs, emzadeba
leqciisaTvis. Zveli kinostudiis SesasvlelTan axlos mimdi-
nareobs mSenebloba, sademonstracio darbazis rekonstruqcia!
misi Canawerebic ufro mSvidia, specifikur sakiTxebs exeba da

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 maradi berika

momavali saTeatro cxovrebis formas: `Zalian mniSvnelovania

ara idea, saTqmeli, aramed dedaazri. ra ubraloa, magram ra
zusti, swori. genialuria. yvelaferi saamisodaa! dedaazri _
yvelafris sawyisi da maorganizebeli, mTavari geni.
`axali taZari axal wess iTxovs~ _ wers piter bruki.
Zalian zustia! rogori wesi eqneba Cvens studias? Teatri
ritualidan unda aRmocendes. jer rituali iSva da mxolod
amis Semdeg aages misTvis taZari (Teatri). rogori rituali
gvWirdeba Cven?~
da Tavad gamoigona rituali, romelic tardeboda kino-
msaxiobTa saxelosnoSi yoveli speqtaklis dawyebamde, vidre
msaxiobebi scenaze gavidodnen. mere mRerodnen TavianT himns.
baton miSas sityvebis `aRmoCenis~, maTi Sinaarsis `amox-
snis~, aso-niSanTa wyobis SigniT `SeRwevis~ gasaocari unari
hqonda. sityvas warmoTqvamda intonaciiT, romelic xsnida
qveteqsts, sityva TrToda, moZraobda, brZaneblobda. maxsovs,
ilia WavWavaZis kritikuli werilis teqstSi amokiTxul si-
tyvas _dedaazri gansakuTrebuli yuradReba miaqcia. sarepeti-
cio darbazi SeaTvaliera, TiTqos kedlebi Camoxsna da mTels
sivrces erTbaSad gadaswvda misi mzera, xelebi gaSala da
daatana: `miwidan da zecidan erTdroulad eSveba sxivi _
isari TavisTavad qmnis RerZs adamianis sxeulSi da ginaTdeba
goneba~. sarepeticio darbazi diddeboda da samyaros uerTde-
boda misi `aRmoCenebiT~.
erT dRes Jan anuis piesis (`antigone~) qarTul Targ-
mans vadarebdiT rusuls. Zalian moswonda Tamaz da zaza
WilaZeebis Targmani. ambobda, rom iseTive Zalisaa, idumali,
masStaburi da mgznebare, rogorc Tavad miTi, miTologiuri
ambavi, miTologiuri personaJebi: `erTdroulad ambavica da
personaJebic pompezurnic arian, amasTanave, Zalze Cveulebri-
vi, adamianuri. es ukve ar aris sofokles ena, es anuia da
mere rogori taqtiT, siRrmiT, msubuqad, xatovani niSnebiT
_ sityvebiT aris gadmocemuli teqstis Sinagani buneba, vne-
baTaRelva, idumaleba. rogori identuria franguli wyobisa,
ambisa, movlenisa. iqmneba STabeWdileba, rom piesa qarTulad

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daibada~. gansakuTrebiT gamohyofda ramdenime sityvas da am-

bobda: `didebuli mignebaa _ Cafari! naxeT, rogor gibiZgebs,
warmoidgino mis ukan adamiani _ CifCifa, Cafskvnili, uazro,
ugrZnobi... TviTon sityva TamaSobs, mas Tavisi ritmi, moZrao-
ba, intonacia, feri, gemo aqvs~. da xeliT, gaSlili mtevniT
haerSi TiTqos sityva awona da Tqva: `naxeT, rogori wona aqvs,
qvasaviTaa! rusul `straJniks~ es wona da gemo ar gaaCnia~...
Zalian moswonda sityva _ saWeTmpyrobeli! gamosTqvamda
dinjad, odnav SesamCnevi damarcvliT, uTuod wamoimarTe-
boda, Tvalebs farTod gaxsnida, sivrces erwymoda TiTqos,
pativiscemas gamoxatavda mis mimarT. xSirad meubneboda: guram
saRaraZis qoro sanaxaobis saWeTmpyrobeliao. roca am sityvas
gamoTqvamda, saxe unaTdeboda.
roca `mefe liris~ dadgma gadawyvita, airCia vaxtang Weli-
Zis Targmani, magram liris monologSi (kents rom mimarTavs
pirvel moqmedebaSi, sasaxlis karis winaSe) erTi replika ilia
WavWavaZis da ivane maCablis Targmanidan Seitana: `mozidulia
Svildi, kento, ufrTxildi isars!~. pirdapir, aRfrTovanebu-
li iyo am fraziT: `TviTon sityvebis wyoba, TiToeulis zoma,
wona, feri sivrceSia gatyorcnili, garbis mihqris, Tvals
ver gaawvden. rogori dinamikaa, ritmia, sivrcis SegrZnebaa,
tragikuli aRsasrulis SegrZnebaa! Tavad daWimuli xar, roca
warmoTqvam. TviTon gibiZgebs saqcielisken. am sityvebs mwo-
liare, ganabuli, damSvidebuli ver warmoTqvam. naxeT, rogori
imperativia _ mozidulia!~ Tanac aso-bgera `z~-s raRac zaris
magvari intonacia daatana, xeliT kamara Semohkra.
`WinWraqas~ roca dgamda, qarTuli berikuli sanaxaobiTi
kulturis amsaxveli literatura, suraTebi, gamoTqmebi daa-
muSava. medea Caxava ambobda _ specialisti gaxda Suasaukunee-
bis Teatrisao. yvelas sTxovda, enis gasatexi frazebi, anda-
zebi, gamoTqmebi gaexsenebinaT metyvelebis savarjiSoebidan.
maTze aawyo mTeli epizdebi (WinWraqa _ mzias, qosa _ mrCev-
lisa, devisa da WinWraqas scenebi) mxecebis _ daTvis, melias,
mglis, turas epizodebis damuSavebis dros medea Caxavas
sTxova: `raime sityva moZebne, Tanamedrove slengi rom iyos,

139
 maradi berika

mela xom modas ayolilia, yoveli siaxle tyeSi mas moaqvs,

is xom, qaTmebis gamo, sul sofelSi daxetialebs, ukvirdeba
mis yofas, gansakuTrebiT siaxles da mere moaqvs tyeSi, rom
mxecebs Tavisi upiratesoba kidev erTxel agrZnobinos~. erT
repeticiaze qalbaton medeas marTla daagvianda da roca daT-
vis niRbis Semqmnelma erosi manjgalaZem simwriT da aRelve-
biT mimarTa, melias Semsrulebelma medea Caxavam, romelsac
Wreli bewvis sayelo saCqarod wamoecva JRal parikze da
dafeTebuls (reJisoris sayveduris gamo!) xma dawvrilebo-
da, kekluci rxeviTa da Tvalebis eSxiani brialiT yvelas
epranWeboda (gansakuTrebiT, reJisors, iqneb dagvianebisaTvis
Semindoso), Tavi amayad aswia da TviTkmayofilebiT, demon-
straciulad warmosTqva: `Cao!~ (imxanad es italiuri slengi
erTob moduri iyo, axalgazrdebi ase emSvidobebodnen erTma-
neTs), atyda erTi xarxari, yvelani vicinodiT, batoni miSac!
erosi manjgalaZe (mas tele-radio departamentSi Caweraze
agviandeboda!) Zlivs ikaebda Tavs, msaxiobebi ver Cerdebodnen,
mere erosi gaeqana meliasken, Caafara TaTi TavSi da gam-
warebuls aRmoxda: `Caos mogcem axlao~ da scenidan gavarda.
batoni miSa parteridan Seexmiana, Tan taSs ukravda: `yoCaR,
medea! yoCaR, erosi! es ganwyoba daimaxsovreT! amas mere da-
vamuSavebT~. medea Caxava gadaurCa reJisoris risxvas. odnav
saxeSecvlili es epizodi darCa speqtaklSi.
batoni miSa repeticiis Semdeg meubneba: `ratom `gais-
rola~ ase medeas xrikma, iciT? misi adamianuri amocana iyo,
rogorme ar avyvirebuliyavi dagvianebisaTvis. guSin davemuqre.
am daZabulobam da misTvis kritikulma situaciam moaZebnina
es sityva da Tanac meliam uazrod wamoisrola. am Seusabamo-
bam da moulodnelobam ganapiroba aseTi reaqcia. ai, es unda
xdebodes yovelTvis speqtaklSi, yoveli epizodis gaTamaSebis
dros, maSin iqneba cocxali sanaxaoba, namdvili improviza-
cia, Sejibri, WeSmariti TamaSi da ara msaxiobebis meqanikuri
gadaadgileba scenaze da meqanikurad wamosrolili replikebi!
xom xedavT, ra hqna am erTma sityvam, rogor gaanaTa epizodi,
rogor Secvala ganwyoba, gaaxalisa msaxiobebi. ramdeni fera-

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dovani Sefaseba daibada!~

saerTod, berikuli sanaxaobebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli iyo
mavanis gakenwvla, gabiabureba, gapampuleba. dialogSi Caur-
Tav-dnen xolme maxvilgonivrul, sxart, raime gaxmaurebuli
faqtis mimaniSnebel gamoTqmebs. personaJis gapampulebis, an
raime movlenis gaSarJebis mizniT, Jargonsac da im periodi-
saTvis yofaSi momZlavrebul barbarizmebsac mimarTavdnen. ase-
Ti replikebi, umetesad, spontanurad, pirdapir TamaSis dros
ibadeboda da nacnobi cxovrebiseuli viTarebisTvis damaxasi-
aTebeli niuansebi, Sefasebebi, mimika _ Sinagani sxiviT ana-
Tebda da amkobda sanaxaobas, dinamikasa da xaliss hmatebda
TamaSs. ai, es muxti, es niSani dainaxa batonma miSam im
repeticiaze da amitomac gadaitana qalbatoni medeas `migneba~
speqtaklSi.
teqstis analizis dros advilad poulobda striqonebs
Soris Cabudebul, amosacnob niuansebs, mosazrebebs. `teqs-
tis gacocxlebis~ (barti) procesi aniWebda siamovnebas.
amitomac, nacnobi teqsti misi interpretaciis procesSi
manamde SeumCneveli, moulodneli, zogjer daujerebeli
aspeqtiTac ki iyo amokiTxuli. amis unari gamoumuSava Se-
girdebs, gansakuTrebiT reJisorebs, Semdeg ki _ eqsperi-
mentuli jgufis TiToeul wevrs.
dRiurebSi ukve saqmiani Canawerebi sWarbobs, aqvea
erTi CaniSvnac:
`studiaSi patara skivri an zardaxSa unda daidgas, sa-
dac yoveli msaxiobi da reJisori Tavis pirad, misTvis yve-
laze Zvirfas relikvias Seinaxavs, romelic mis saxlTan,
mSoblebTan, SvilebTan iqneba dakavSirebuli. es SeiZleba iyos
javaxiSvilis quCis 24-Si mdebare Cemi Zveli saxlis aguris
patara natexi, kovzi, romliTac bavSvobaSi maWmevdnen. deda-
Cemis (igi didi xania aRar aris cocxali) saTvale. me movitan
muSambis patara naWers samSobiarodan, sadac likas nomeria
dawerili... TiToeulma Tavisi sulis nawili moitanos da am
Cvens skivrSi Seinaxos. gansakuTrebul SemTxvevebSi vTqvaT,
31 dekembers, yvelani SevikribebiT, amovalagebT am Cvens re-

141
 maradi berika

likviebs da Cveni megobrebis winaSe mTeli wlis aRsarebas

vityviT. aucileblad unda gavaTavisufloT vnebebisgan Cveni
sxeuli, unda davmSviddeT, fiqrebiTa da SegrZnebebiT Teat-
ris samyaroSi gadaveSvaT~.
es ocnebac Semdgom realizebuli iqneba TeatrSi, mayure-
belTa foieSic dadgams sasadilo oTaxis Zvelebur karadas,
savarZlebs, gobs... msaxiobTa foieSic da aqac, gansakuTreb-
uli ganwyoba, simyudrove, siTbo daisadgurebs. Teatri _
studia sasurvelia, rom daemsgavsos binas, ojaxs, radganac
misi studielebi dRis umetes dros aq, am kedlebSi gaatare-
ben. maT unda SeigrZnon gansakuTrebulad axlobluri garemos
sisaTuTe da simSvide. XX saukunis bolo meoTxedis Smagi
ritmi, siCqare, transportisa da teqnikis mier STanTqmulia
adamianuri gancdebi, gandevnilia simyudrove, gauxeSebulia
adamianuri urTierTobebi da Teatris aseTi uSfoTveli ga-
remo, silazaTe, sisaTuTe _ Tavad es kontrasti badebs Sina-
gani ganwmendis ganwyobas. msaxiobebic da mayurebelic eTiSeba
realobis momqancvel, rux, uxeS, erTferovan yofas da maT
sakuTar TavTan ganmartoebis saSualeba eZlevaT. msaxiobe-
bisTvis es gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovani gaxldaT, radganac
yofiTi problemebisagan Tavdaxsna metismetad Znelia da Te-
atrSi gamefebuli atmosfero amis aRmocenebas uwyobda xels,
msaxiobis goneba da grZnoba koncentrirebuli iyo meore ada-
mianze, partniorze, partniorTa gundze, Teatrze, profe-
siul problemebze. skivric _ es warsulis, wiaRis, xsovnis
simbolo, uZvirfasesi relikviiT _ amZafrebda am sakralur
ganwyobas. erTis mxriv, aseTi mocemuloba qmnis simyudrovis
gancdas, meores mxriv ki gabrunebs warsulTan, realobasTan,
axlobel garemosTan. am svliT erTgvarad gabmulia simi Sensa
da gare samyaros Soris, Sens Tavs grZnob raRacis nawilad,
amasTanave, es xidia Sens pirovnul xedvasa, gonsa Tu vnebebsa
da im did samyaros Soris, romlis siaxlovesac grZnob da
ganicdi _ ager, erTi xelis gawvdenaze, sul ubralod _
karibWis miRma rom arsebobs.
31 dekembris ritualiT, Cemi azriT, batoni miSa aax-

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lovebda studielebs erTmaneTTan, Tanac, yoveli ganvlili

weliwadis Sejamebasac aCvevda. da kidev... scena xom sajaro
cxovrebis sarbielia. reJisori aCvevs maT am sajaro yofis pi-
robebSi koncentrirebas, intimur-sajaro yofis gansakuTreb-
ulad saTuT da mTrTolvare mocemuli pirobebis SegrZnebas
_ raTa sulis siRrmeSi aRmocenebuli, goniT gamokveTili aR-
sarebis identuri wuTebis ganwyoba da misi gamoxatvis forma
aRbeWdon da Semdeg scenaze aRadginon. amasTanave, gulwrfeli
gandobis, aRsarebis, sityvis dabadebis procesis SegrZnebiT,
sakuTar TavTan da mayurebelTan (partniorebTan!) sajaro mar-
toobiTa da sajaro erTad yofniT, gamTlianebas miaRwion. am
gamTlianebis, erTad yofnis sixalise da sisavse xelovnur
svlad ar aRiqmeboda. Tavad mcire scena, mcire formis Teat-
ri badebs saTuT ganwyobas, gamosaxvis amgvar formebs, Zalze
mTrTolvare xmebs, moliclice ferebs. xelovnebis es saxeoba,
roca mayurebeli TiTqos scenazea mokalaTebuli, TvalebSi
Caxedvasa da SenSi `Casaxlebas~ eSureba, iTxovs amgvar pia-
noze, fleita-pikolosa Tu salamuris tkbilxmovanebis si-
faqizeze `awyobas~, haerovani simsubuqiT naqsovi maqmanis dax-
vewilobiT gamorCeul formebs. es gaxsniloba, `gamWvirvale~
arseboba, guliTadoba sakralur wuTebs badebs da iwvevs
axloblobis SegrZnebas maT mimarT, visTanac erTad aRmocenda
SenSi amgvari Sinagani mTrTolvare da wminda suliskveTeba.
am rituals, sakralur wuTebs, gansakuTrebul movlenad
miiCneven TumaniSvilis Segirdebi.
batoni miSas maqsimalizmi Tavs yovelwamierad axsenebda
axloblebs, miT ufro msaxiobebs, romlebic misi erTguli
Segirdebi iyvnen, endobodnen da swamdaT misi, magram amas-
Tanave, adamianebi iyvnen, uwinaresad adamianebi! da arc isini
iyvnen adamianuri vnebebisagan, sisusteebisagan, satkivarisagan
Tavisufalni. ar iyvnen dazRveulni Secdomebisagan... da roca
es exeboda Teatrs, studiur da gundur yofas, is eWviani,
mkacri, daundobelic ki xdeboda. magram bolo xans metad
mgrZnobiare, damTmobi, gansakuTrebulad alersiani gaxda...
Canawerebic maJoruli gaxda:

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 maradi berika

`1977 wlis 1 dekemberi

vaSa-a-a-a! savarZlebi moitanes, Cven Cveni Teatri gvaqvs.
male, sul male gaixsneba Cemi Teatri! rogori iqneba ne-
tav?~
balRiviT aRtacebulia batoni miSa. orwliani lodini, Cans,
metad Zneli gasaZlebi aRmoCnda. roca pirvelad mSvenebloba
damaTvalierebina, mSeneblebs didxans esaubra niuansebzec ki.
gamohkiTxa iseTi detalebic ki, romlis codna specialists
moeTxoveba. SeTavsebiT “prarabic~ xom ar gaxdiT-meTqi, gave-
xumre: `nu gaviwydebaT, rom Tavdapirvelad arqiteqtoroba
mindoda, ase rom, raRaceebSi verkvevi. ase mgonia, Tu erT
ficars mainc Cemi xeliT davageb, scenas Seetyoba, sxvanairad
Semomxedavs, roca cxovrebas avageb masze. iciT, roca Teat-
ridan wamovedi, mxolod scenas gamovemSvidobe. axla ki im
adgils vesalmebi, sadac scena iqneba, yoveldRe SevekiTxebi,
rogor xar? xom ar mogewyina? ara, scena arasodes aris daR-
lili, gajavrebulic ar aris. sevdiani da mdumare SeiZleba
iyos! gaxarebuli da xalisiani ki ufro xSirad aris! ra
moxdeba, roca metyvian _ ai, batono, mzadaa Tqveni Se-
noba! marjvena fexi unda davadga pirvelad scenaze!~ Cven
sul amovigangleT, Sarvlis totebi gaiwminda da siciliT
miTxra: `Teatris
Teatris mtveri CamoviferTxeT, neta, es kargia
Tu cudi?~ `crumorwmune gaxdiT?~ isev RimiliT vuTxari
da didi cxvirsaxoci davubrune: `crumorwmune da mere
rogori!~ xalisiani iyo da imedianic.
axlovdeba mniSvnelovani etapi batoni miSas cxovrebisa,
Segirdebma unda icxovron Teatris yofiT, es ukve sxva ur-
TierTobebia, Tanacxovrebis sxva kulturaa. es ukve aRar
iqneba eqsperimentuli `me-11 auditoriis Teatri~, es iqneba,
marTalia, saxelosno, magram Teatri! ra Seicvleba, rogori
iqneba maTi urTierToba gansxvavebul mocemul pirobebSi? ram-
den xans gastans maTi Tavganwirva da Tanacxovrebis moTxov-
nileba? enTuziazmi?! es fiqrebi awvalebs gamudmebiT, Tan ada-
mianuri da SemoqmedebiTi resursebis koncentrirebiT, mxolod
swavlebaze, studiur muSaobaze, repeticiaze, speqtaklze,

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meTodze fiqrobs. misi goneba da grZnoba dastrialebs ara

marto Teatris gaxsnis problemas, aramed... is fiqrobs swav-
lebaze, ZiebaTa uwyvetobaze, meTodis daxvewaze, axal migne-
baTa xarisxze, aRmoCenaTa sixarulze, TamaSis sixaliseze
da imazec, ramden xans gastans maTi enTuziazmi da TamaSiT
gataceba, cincxal formaTa Ziebis Jini? xalisiania, magram
SeSfoTebulic! mis winaSec xom axla sxva saxis problemebi
gamoikveTa? saTeatro yofa, kulisebs miRma winaaRmdegobani
yoveli dasis `aqilevsis quslia~. man es Zalian kargad icis,
es ukve iyo mis cxovrebaSi! scena _ poezia da yofa _ proza
unda gansakuTrebuli formiT daakavSiros!
am striqonebsac aseTi ganwyobiT wers: `gavxseni Te-
atri _ saxelosno. axali Teatri _ axali swavlebaa! Tu
axali swavleba ar aris, Tu rwmena ar aris, araviTari
Teatri ar aRmocendeba~...
axali swavleba, rwmena, Tavdadeba, uTuod, axasiaTebda msa-
xiobTa am gaerTianebas, amitomac aRmocenda Teatri! repeticie-
bic, rogorc Cans, Zalze sainteresod mimdinareobs.
1978 wlis 9 ianvars, repeticiis Semdeg, roca premier-
amde xuTi dRe darCa, gaxarebuls aRuniSnavs dRiurSi:
`arsebobs siRrmiseuli repeticiebi, rodesac azris, war-
mosaxvis da intuiciis zemoqmedebiT teqstis Sida SreebSi vi-
Wrebi da Sig moulodnel movlenebs, svlebsa da konfliqtebs
gamovaCenT, romlebic manamde ar gvqonda navaraudevi. aseTi
repeticia gamdidrebs. mignebebi, forma saintereso, qmediT
konturebs iZens. maSin zeaweuli, warmosaxvis talRiT atace-
buli, swrafi `siCqariT~ Txzav da Zerwav scenebs da miqrixar,
miqrixar... arc ici, saiT. ra bednieri xar aseT repeticiaze~.
es Sinagani sixalise mTlianad cvlida mis ganwyobas,
fiqrebs, aviwydeboda yoveli saxis usiamovneba da axalgazr-
duli SemarTeba ubrundeboda! uTuod, aseTma repeticiebma Sea-
Zlebines im warmoudgeneli epiTetebisa da Sefasebebis gadatana,
romelTa avtorebic Tavs iwonebdnen `siTamamis~ gamo, xolo
Semdeg sinanulisa da monaniebis survili i pyrobdaT. yovel
SemTxvevaSi, nawili amas aSkarad gamoxatavda, nawils ki, albaT,

145
 maradi berika

dResac miaCnia, rom simarTles emsaxureboda, rom `mowameo-

brivi~ tanjviT, SeupovrobiT emsaxureboda simarTles!
mavanisTvis ki sakmarisi aRmoCnda qveynis pirveli piris
dadebiTi Sefaseba, rom pozicia Seecvala, 1975 wlis se-
qtembris bolos batoni miSa erT cxare oponents Sexvedria,
dRiuri ityobineba:
`Seviare institutSi. ai, daaxloebiT aseTi saubari mqon-
da eTer guguSvilTan:
eT. _ miTxariT, rogora gaqvT saqme studiasTan dakav-
SirebiT?
me _ jerjerobiT yvelaferi naTeli ar aris.
eT. _ ho, marTla, ra kargia, rom SevardnaZem gaixsena
`gvardia~ rusTavelis TeatrSi?
me _ ra Tqma unda. magram amas ra Sedegi mohyva!
eT. _ etyoba, es mimarTuleba mas moswons. da `carcis
wrec~. mainc ra bednieri brZandebiT, aseTi mowafeebi rom
gyavT.
me _ oRond, mere uars amboben Cemze.
eT. _ diax, robikom dawera, rom swavlobda aleqsi-
ZesTan.
me _ Tu maT ase uyvardaT aleqsiZe, maSin ratom midi-
odnen misi stilis winaaRmdeg? roca me vdgamdi `WinWraqas~,
isini CemTan iyvnen, gaxsovT, maSin rogor mlanZRavdnen?
eT. _ mec glanZRavdiT (mkocnis), axla ki yvelaferi icv-
leba. kritikosi uflebamosilia icvalos mrwamsi~.
da meti araferi? kritikosi uflebamosilia icvalos
Sexedulebebi da oficiozis guneba-ganwyobiT imoqmedos?! ibr-
Zolos ara WeSmaritebis misakvlevad, aramed ebrZolos niWs?!
da am dros, ar daufiqrdes, ra emarTeba niWier xelovans?
Tavadac gamikritikebia scenis ostatebi, mwvavedac, magram
niWis mimarT pativiscemis, metic _ Tayvaniscemis grZnobiT!

146
 nawili mesame

kinomsaxiobTa TeatrSi
 naTela arvelaZe

FFniSani da procesi

r eJisori werda: `marTlac, `carieli~ scena arcTu ise

martivi mxatvruli problemaa. Aam amocanis gadaWris-
Tvisac warmoiqmna, uTuod, sareJisoro xelovnebis aucileb-
loba...Mme ar movindomebdi iseT TeatrSi moRvaweobas, sadac
reJisoris roli pedagogiuri da saorganizacio amocanebiT
amoiwureba...
Mmas Semdeg, rac stanislavskim, meierxoldma, brextma da
sxvebma aRmoaCines, reJisoris `niSanTa~ xelovneba Zalze gar-
Tulda. Lliteraturuli da ilustraciuli sasceno Txrobis
saSualebaTa daZlevam, maTgan gandgomam, sasceno metaforaTa
xelovnebam da a.S. SesaZlebeli gaxada WeSmaritad Teatralu-
ri, saxieri da poeturi sasceno nawarmoebebis dabadeba. axla
reJisori mxolod msaxiobSi ki aRar kvdeba, aramed igi gada-
iqca xelovanTa ansamblis korifed da es didebulia! magram
sareJisoro xelovnebis ganviTarebam warmoqmna, Tu SeiZle-
ba ase iTqvas, ori saxeobis Teatri. maT SeiZleba SevarqvaT,
erTs _ niSanTa Teatri da meores _ procesebis Teatri. erT
SemTxvevaSi, ama Tu im xerxiT, miTiTebulia viTareba da pro-
cesi, meore ki gviCvenebs Tavad am process, e.i. moZraobas,
gardaqmnas, romelic mimdinareobs adamianSi, sazogadoebaSi...
erT SemTxvevaSi Sinaarsis niSania, meoreSi_Sinaarsi.
iqneb, umjobesi iyos SeviswavloT, mivagnoT saSualebas,
rogor gavaerTianoT es ori, niSanTa da procesis, Teatrebi.
maSin xom speqtaklis struqturac gamdidrdeba da ufro re-
liefuric gaxdeba. Pprocesi da niSani. Ddae, niSanTa sistemam
gaamdidros procesi, maSin msaxiobs solistis partia eqneba
koncertSi. speqtaklis SeTxzva xom Teatris yoveli kompo-
nentis SemweobiT xdeba, maT Soris msaxiobisac. Tuki msaxiobi
ukve gaxda fsiqologiuri procesis ostati, mas SeuZlia, da-
euflos niSanTa Teatris sasceno mdgomareobasac. aseT speq-
taklze ocneba Tua SesaZlebeli, es aris reJisoruli moRva-
weobis gansakuTrebuli Secnobis wadiliT aRsavse mxare~.

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 maradi berika

***
mixeil TumaniSvili mouTmenlad eloda Teatr_saxelos-
nos Seqmnas, raTa gaegrZelebina Zieba niSanTa da procesis
Teatrebis harmoniuli gaerTianebisaTvis.
12 ianvari 1978 weli, kidev erTi, magram ukve imediani
Canaweri:
`saxelosnoSi pirvelad gaisma zari, mayurebels rom ux-
mobs. darbazi gadaWedilia. yvelas ainteresebs riTi damTavr-
da `es saeWvo~ eqsperimenti.
speqtaklis Semdeg didxans gvikravdnen taSs, gvilocavdnen:
n. arvelaZe: _ es, uTueod, Zveli Teatria, magram WeSmariti.
kako dvaliSvili _ namdvilad gilocavT, Zalian kargad
wavida.
robert qarTveliSvili _ miSa, genacvale, Zvlivs ar
vnaxe Seni speqtakli! mSvenieria, ai es gvinda Cven...
da ase daaxloebiT oci wuTi! magram gulwrfeli aRtace-
baa es? Tu mxardaWerisTvis maqeben, rom wamovdge...
givi TumaniSvili _ genialuria!
nina, Cemi da _ erosi ra sayvarelia, gogoebi momaja-
doeblebi, vaniCka SesaniSnavi!...
gociriZe (mSenebeli man aaSena Cveni darbazi _ farduli)
_ batono miSa, Cven TqvenTan erTad `WinWraqiT~ gavxseniT
rusTavelis Teatris mcire darbazi _ scena. axla ki ai, es
axali Teatri. ra SesaniSnavi speqtaklia, am Teatrs bevri ram
aklia, magram gaZlevT patiosan sityvas, TqvenTvis yvelafers
gavakeTeb...
naTela arvelaZe _ Tqvens yovel speqtaklSi Cadebulia
Tqveni biografiis nawili. kargad Cans, riTi cxovrobT axla,
ras ganicdiT amJamad...
mTeli qalaqi aWrelebulia axali Teatris afiSebiT.
gavbede da televiziiT gamovedi, CemTvis es wamebaa. bavSvebi,
studielebi, bednierebi arian. bolos da bolos gaixsna maTi
Teatri! rezo CxeiZe darbis mTel TeatrSi da nacnobebs ekiTxeba
_ moswonT Tu ara speqtakli. ai, ase. daviwyeT. vnaxoT ra
iqneba Semdeg!...~

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***
1978 wlis 14 ianvars, qarTuli Teatris dRes, levan
WeliZis kinoscenariT, `esmeralda~, gaagrZela kinomsaxiobTa
saxelosnom speqtaklebis Cveneba, ukve garemontebul, sakuTar
SenobaSi. SemTxveviTi ar gaxlavT es arCevani. mixeil Tuma-
niSvilma amiT madliereba gamoxata maT mimarT, visi uSualo
xelSewyobiTac saSualeba mieca, hqonoda sakuTari saTeatro
Senoba, hyoloda dasi da gaegrZelebina SemoqmedebiTi Zieba-
ni. amasTanave, scenari kidev erTi miznisaTvis dadga batonma
miSam. is dainteresda TaobaTa SekavSirebis, TaobaTa urTi-
erTobis problemiT, romelic safuZvlad daedo speqtakls.
reJisorisTvis am problemis warmoCenas didi mniSvneloba
hqonda _ axalgazrduli dasi da kinomsaxiobTa xalxmravali
koleqtivis Serwyma, erTiani gundis Camoyalibeba, ioli ar
gaxldaT. koleqtiuri TanaSemoqmedebiTi procesi, am Tval-
sazrisiTac, metismetad nayofieri saSualeba gamodga, repe-
ticiaze aRmocenda erTianobis muxti, romelmac gadamwyveti
roli Seasrula aRniSnuli amocanis gadaWrisaTvis. sxvadasx-
va Taobis, sxvadasxva mentalitetisa da mrwamsis msaxiobebi
erT `enaze~ ametyveldnen, es iyo mixeil TumaniSvilisaTvis
axla mTavari. jer erTi, Tavad sarepeticio meTodi iZenda
sayovelTao aRiarebas, meorec, axalgazrda dasisaTvis wina-
aRmdegoba kinomsaxiobTa mxridan, daZleuli aRmoCnda. mixeil
TumaniSvils mSvidobiani, mSvidi, ukonfliqto da intrige-
bisagan dazRveuli saTeatro cxovreba surda, raTa Tavisi
cxovrebis saqmes mTeli arsebiT miscemoda. SesaZlebelia, iyo
kidec garkveuli uTanxmoeba, an winaaRmdegobani, magram re-
zo CxeiZis wyalobiT, mixeil TumaniSvils es ar ugrZvnia.
sicocxlis bolomde madlierebis grZnobiT iyo ganmsWvaluli
kinostudiis Tavkacis, administraciis, reJisorebisa da msa-
xiobebis mimarT.
adamianTa saTuTi urTierTobebis, TaobaTa Sinagani er-
Tianobis saxieri warmoCeniT, es sanaxaobac `TumaniSvilis
Teatris~ ZiebaTa rkalSi aRmoCnda. erosi manjgalaZis tari-
eli am urTierTobaTa, sasceno simarTlisa da gamokveTili
`gamWoli moqmedebis~ intonaciur kamertonsac warmoadgenda.

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 maradi berika

moxuci fexburTeli sanaxaobis RerZad iqca, romlis irgvliv,

TavianTi personaJebis sasceno biografiiT, erTiandebodnen
danarCenebi, ufrosi Taobis warmomadgenlebica da axalgazr-
debic. iyo speqtaklSi aseTi mizanscena _ SuaSi sami Warmagi,
gamocdilebiTa da profesionalizmiT gamorCeuli _ tarieli,
vano, iaSa isxdnen, SoSiebiviT cnobiswadiliT aRsavseni, maT-
gan Segulianebulni da dafrTianebulni, xalisiani ymawvil-
kacebi erTian gunds qmnidnen. es wre cxovrebis simbolod
iqca, samyaros mTlianobis niSansac warmoaCenda, dialeqti-
kuri msvlelobis kanonzomierebazec afiqrebda mayurebels da
imasac mianiSnebda, rom Tanacxovrebis harmonia am gawonaswo-
rebul mTlianobazec iyo damokidebuli. speqtaklis dedaazri
am metaforam srulad gamosaxa.
iyo raRac bukolikuri simSvide da gulubryvilo `cxov-
rebiseuli filosofia~ amgvar metaforaSic da mTlian sa-
naxaobaSic, magram TumaniSvils axla am Sinagani harmoniis,
gawonasworebis, gamTlianebis nostalgiac awvalebda da ami-
tomac ase gulRiad, gulwrfelad, gulubryvilodac, imedi-
ani intonaciiT surda, gamoexata Tavisi imJamindeli ganwyoba
da donkixoturi miswrafeba. jer kidev win iyo darRveuli,
dakninebuli, dacemuli adamianuri samyarosa da harmoniisgan
gaucxoebuli Tanacxovrebis gamosaxva, samyaros moulodneli
da Zlieri Sinagani biZgisagan Setortmanebuli Tanacxovre-
bis Sokismomgvreli Zaladobis gamJRavneba. sakuTari Teatris
arsebobam mas yvela sxva satkivari droebiT miuyuCa. erosi
manjgalaZis tarieli wminda azrebis, gamWvirvale biografi-
is, faqizi miswrafebis moxuci iyo, romlis sulis fskerze
daleqili sawuxarica da sitkboebac ise Canda scenaze, ro-
gorc ankara nakadulSi kriala kenWebi, rogorc mtredisferi
cis kabadonze mTrTolvare sxivis gamonaTeba. sami moxuci _
iuri vasaZis vano, ivane sayvareliZis iaSa da tarieli, erTi
nergis ganStoebas gvagonebdnen, sxivCamdgari Tvalebis gael-
vebac da danisluli warsulis jiuti gaxsenebac erTgvari
hqondaT, radganac maTs siymawviles erT sasTumalze edo bina.
Tanacxovrebis am `perspeqtivas~ CaveWideT im saRamos yvelani
da didi zar-zeimiT aRvniSneT kinomsaxiobTa saxelosnos pir-
veli premiera sakuTar WerqveS.

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mowafeTa ,,mtkicebuleba”

s saTeatro sametyvelo enis Targze aWrili speqtak-

lebis Seqmna imJamindeli saxelosnos SemoqmedebiTi
jgufis ZiebaTa umniSvnelovanes problemad iqca. sagulisx-
moa, rom am `kanons~ gamoxatavdnen liderica da misi Segirdi
reJisorebic. axla TiTo magaliTs movuxmob misi mowafe _
reJisorebis speqtaklebidan, rogorc ~TumaniSvilis skolis~
princi pTa gamomxatvel erTgvar `mtkicebulebas~.
`wameba dedoflisa~. mixeil mrevliSvilis piesa, iakob
curtavelis `SuSanikis wamebis~ mixedviT. reJisori _ nugzar
bagration-gruzinski, mxatvari - kaxa qoriZe, kompozitori -
biZina kvernaZe, 1978 weli.
SuSanikisa da varsqen pitiaxSis Sexvedra senakSi. SuSani-
ki _ mzia arabuli, varsqeni _ zurab yifSiZe. iakob xucesi
_ murman jinoria.
senakSi, sadac mrume wyvdiadi gamefebula, miusafar da
uaryofil dedofalyofil SuSaniks sZinavs. Tavs adgas Zalo-
vani da gorozi varsqen pitiaxSi. ZaZiT mosilia gandgomili
vardanis asuli, ararad uCans sicocxle uflis mxevals, Se-
uryvneli sinorCe feTqavs jer kidev momxibvlel pirisaxeze.
mewamul mosasxams farad xmarobs pitiaxSi, sisxli moedineba
TiTqos, misi daWimuli sxeulidan da Zlevamosileba gamokr-
Tis risxvad qceuli gamoxedvidan. Zala da siSmage _ amiT surs
daTrgunos gandgomili Tanamemcxedre. rwmenis Seuvalobasa da
simSvides axvedrebs SuSaniki uaryofil qmars. ase iwyeba es
movlena.
teqstis mixedviT, varsqen pitiaxSs surs, dapirebebiT Se-
moirigos meuRle da daiyolios sasaxleSi dabrunebaze. teq-
stis kvaldakval, striqonebs Soris amokiTxuli saqcielTa
wyebiT iqsoveba personaJTa gamiznuli paeqroba, orTabrZolis
metyveli procesi: mZinare da uSfoTvel qals didxans dasc-
qeris varsqeni, ver imorCilebs vnebas da moyvaruli mamakaci

153
 maradi berika

mZlavrobs masSi; SiSnakravi iRviZebs SuSaniki, gaognebuli Se-

anaTebs mzeras varsqens, wamiT gayuCndnen erT dros moyvaru-
li col-qmari, siTbo CaiRvenTa mdumarebSi; masSi gaRviZebul
qals SeebrZola SuSaniki, mZvinarebam ver CaaxSo aRmomskdari
vneba; Slegi grZnoba aujanyda pitiaxSsac, xeli gaepara saa-
lersod, qalis survili Seegeba qmars da... gaxelebul ndomas
ver niRbavs pitiaxSi da TrTis mamakacis mcxunvare Sexebisagan
qalis vnebaaSlili sxeuli. wamiT senaki sinaziT irweva, sxi-
viT naTdeba sareceli, orTaves TvalTagan gamouTqmeli neta-
reba krTis da ... kvlav imZlavra rwmenis simtkicem SuSanikSi,
aboboqrda qristianSi madli uflisa da damarcxda qali masSi,
varsqens maxvilad gadaeqca haerSi saalersod aziduli marj-
vena; ukuagdo alersi kdemamosilma qalma, simtkices mouxmo
mamakacmac; axla pitiaxSis winaSe mxolodRa uarmyofelia mi-
si Zlevamosilebisa, nebisa, uflebebisac... misi siyvarulisac!
axla mxolodRa mowinaaRmdegea misi SuSanik... dauZlevelia
varsqenis risxva! jer kidev dedoflis mileul sxeulSi Zle-
vamosilad aRimarTa sulis siwminde; mxolod faratina sxe-
ulis gvemaRa SerCa pitiaxSis siSmages, SuSanikis suls ver
daado borkilebi gandidebis mosurnem... dums da gvemas uZlebs
SuSaniki, mZvinvarebs da dakodili gminavs pativayrili piti-
axSi. gamarjvebuls aRzevebis Jams uwia damarcxebis umweobam!
mere xucesi Seecada, SuSanikisTvis nugeSiscemas. murman ji-
norias TamaSiT, mravlismTqmeli pauziT, dedoflisadmi Tay-
vaniscema rom ikiTxeba, Tbili gamoxedviT, TanagrZnoba rom
gamosWvivis, replikebiT, intonaciaSi sifrTxile rom ilan-
deba, Canda ara mxolod sasaxlis karis dramatuli movlenis
Sefaseba, aramed ufro didi da masStaburi sawuxari _ qveynis
bed-iRbalze fiqri da urva.
azrobrivi partitura bunebrivad gamoisaxa msaxiobTa or-
ganul saqcielTa rigiTa da grZnobaTa bunebiT. poziciaTa
brZolis procesi gamdidrda personaJTa rTuli da faqizi Si-
nagani svlebiT, Strixisa da intonaciis feradovnebiT, cxov-
rebiseuli da xelovnebiseuli logikis organuli gadakveTiT,

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ase bunebrivad rom gamoisaxa arabuli_yifSiZis orTabrZolis

mTliani sqemiT, murman jinorias iakob xucesis gulmodgine Tay-
vaniscemiT, im niuansebiT, sakuTari sulis xveulebSi rom mi-
akvlies, ase saxierad rom gadaitanes msaxiobebma da reJisorma
scenaze. mwerlis sityvaSi Cateulma vnebaTaRelvam da azrobrivma
qveteqstma, bunerivi da organuli transformacia ganicada sas-
ceno sivrceSi, TeTri sareceli, SuSanikis Savi mosacmeli da
pitiaxSis mewamuli mosasxami _ am ferTa simbolikam saTuTi siw-
minde, sulis siZliere da mozeime siSmagec gamosaxa.

***
`darabebs miRma gazafxulia~, laSa TabukaSvilis piesa,
reJisori _ cotne nakaSiZe, mxatvari _ Tamaz xuciSvili, sim-
Rerebi moamzada giuli daraxveliZem, 1979 weli.
niniko_nineli WankvetaZe, koka_zaza miqaSaviZe.
piesis mixedviT ninikosa da kokas siyvaruli uiRblo ga-
modga. isini daSordnen. vaJis Wabukuri egoizmi da gogonas
gamoucdeloba aRmoCnda upirvelesi mizezi siyvarulis gawir-
visa. ninikos roli reJisorisa da msaxiobis mier kontras-
tul movlenaTa da saqcielTa rigiT iyo agebuli. sinorCis
gulgaxsniloba, siymawvilis sixalise, siyvaruli batonobda
ninelis personaJis sulier samyaroSi, scenaze misi arsebo-
bis formaSi. masSi jadoqruli gaxeleba, grZnobis Wiakokona,
ymawvilqalobis simxurvale duRda da gadmoduRda. mere ki,
roca siyvarulis sinazes qalis gulgatexiloba Seenacvla,
mzeraSi Wiakokonis cecxli Caiferfla da ironiis sicive Se-
epara laR Rimilsac.
ramdenime xnis Semdeg niniko da koka kvlav Sexvdnen erTma-
neTs. Zveleburi sixalise, Sinagani aRtkineba, idumali TrTola
aRar SeiniSneba maTs urTierTobaSi, aRarc pirveli siyvaru-
lis siwminde da `Tavqariani~ melodia iRvreba oTaxSi. raRac
damTavrda, gawyda, gaibzara... FsanTeli CaiRvenTa, TiTqos...
maT Soris, ucbad, uwindeli sxivi gakrTa. kokas TvalebSi

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 maradi berika

nami akiafda, siTbo moeZala, ver gauZlo ninikos siaxloves,

faruli tkivili ver damala, sevdian Rimilsa da uCveulod
daWimul sxeulSi ndomis simxurvale da gogonas masTan dab-
runebis RaRadisi gamokrTa... ninikom mZafrad moigeria vaJis
gaxeleba, koka Sedga, TiTqos, wyalwaRebuli xavss moekida,
ise SeanaTa mas Tvalebi... ninikos saqmianad naTqvamma replikam
da civma gamoxedvam SeakrTo igi da isic adgils miejaWva...
erTi wamiT gaiyina sicocxle scenaze, Tavdaxsnis farul ile-
Tebs aRar mimarTavs arc erTi... ninikos yofiTma intonaciam:
`nemsi da Zafi momitane~, umal Caacxro Wiakokona, kokas sul-
Si rom akiafda. axla isic daeSva Zirs, miwaze... mayureblis
Tvalwin qaliSvilis silaRe da sixalise gaqra, siymawvilis
uzrunvel safarvels qalis gamocdili sidinje Seenacvla. ni-
nikoSi qalis Tavdajerebam imZlavra, cinizmi Sezavda RimilSi,
damZimda moZraobac... ymawvilqalis siance da sikaSkaSe samu-
damod Cakvda mis sulSi, naTlad SevigrZeniT, rom amieridan
niniko fxizeli gonebiT gaagrZelebs cxovrebas! gabeduleba,
siyvarulis nazi simi aRar SeakrTobs mis suls!

***
`vefxvi~, g. Sisgalis piesa. reJisori _ qeTi doliZe,
mxatvari _ mixeil WavWavaZe, kompozitori _ viqtor CubiniZe,
qoreografi _ iuri zarecki, 1981 weli.
gloria _ darejan jojua, bemi _ Tamaz Toloraia.
piesis mTavari plasti migvaniSnebs, rom iq, sadac sazo-
gadoeba smenadaxSulia adamianis sulis Zaxilis amosacnobad,
meore adamianis sawuxarisa Tu aRtyinebis Sesasmenad, pirov-
neba galiaSi gamomwyvdeuli nadiriviT borgavs, misi bedisagan
gaucxoebulia sociumic. adamiani martosulia da miusafari,
amitomac badiT naqsov galias Camohgavs benis sadgomica da
vefxviviT brdRvinavs Tavadac, Zalumad exeTqeba sadgomis `gi-
sosebs~... misi bRavili Seusmeneli rCeba, sxeuli dundeba da,
Ronemixdili, umweod yuCdeba. mere isev axsenebs Tavs gulis

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iara, kvlav borgavs, kvlav aRzevdeba moyvasis siyvarulisa-

gan gariyuli martosuli. sanaxaobis garegnuli partituriT
zustad gamoisaxa Sisgalis personaJebis sulieri gasaWiric
da sociumis krizisuli viTarebac.
vefxvs msxverplis dasaTrgunad gawvrTnili naxtomi Sve-
nis, msxverpls_graciozuli qceva. jer bems upyria xelT
maTraxi, rom qalis arsebidan gandevnos bedisweris mimarT
morCileba, yoveldRiur erTferovnebasTan Semguebloba... sa-
kuTari umweobiT daTrgunuli da bedis morCili gloria ax-
la Tavad exeTqeba sakuTari sulis `galiad~ qceul gisosebs.
axla qals surs momTviniereblis Zaladoba SeigrZnos, axla
mis xelSi Sxuis maTraxi ... alewil sivrceSi ki wyroma, sim-
kacre, SurisZiebis gardauvaloba `grgvinavs~... mere qali da
kaci taxtze Camosxdnen, gayuCdnen. sivrceSi axla simyudro-
vis siTbo datrialda. franguls aswavlis qali vaJs: `me glo-
ria mqvia, Sen ra gqvia?~ isev gayuCdnen. magram axla wuTieri
Sveba, ndoma, vneba sxlteba maTi `uTqmeli~ mzeridan, uxilavi
TasmebiT hkravs maTs sxeulebs. zusti da saxieri partitura
srulad gamoxatavs ganwirulTa sulis yivils, miusafrad
rom darCeba kvlavac. msaxiobTa da reJisoris ZiebaTa inten-
sivobam Seqmna fizikuri naxazis iseTi dinamika, romelmac
adamianTa urTierTobis SeniRbuli aspeqti metyveli ferebiT,
xolo azrovnebis simaxvile qcevaTa saxieri sistemiT warmo-
aCina. aq simarTle da gamonagoni, namdviloba da xelovnebise-
uli logika erT harmoniul mTlianobas warmoqmnis. sanaxaoba
Semoqmedi_moqalaqis aqtivobas eyrdnoba, romelic sazogado-
ebrivad mniSvnelovan problemaze afiqrebs mayurebels. Teat-
ri mianiSnebs, warmoaCens, aSiSvlebs satkivars, magram Seuc-
domeli mentoris rols ar Cemulobs.
anatol efrosi erTgan aRniSnavs, rom rolis monaxazi
unda iyos moulodneli, uecari, fsiqologiurad gamWvirvale
da... winaaRmdegobebiT aRsavse, asea agebuli moxmobili ro-
lebis azrobrivi da fsiqofizikuri partiturebi. es princi pi
dasturdeba am Teatris msaxiobTa warmatebuli TamaSiT.

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 maradi berika

,,raRac arsebiTi”

a leqsandre suxovo-kobolinis piesa `saqme~, reJisori

mixeil TumaniSvili, mxatvari _ Tina heine, kompo-
zitori_ daviT turiaSvli, 1979 weli.
1994 wlis 24 ianvars, am speqtaklis premieridan TxuT-
meti wlis Semdeg, batoni miSa dRiurSi Cawers:
`rogor davdgaT klasika? wavikiTxoT ise, rogorc weria,
Tu Tanamedroved? kamaTs azri ara aqvs: klasikis dadgmas ma-
Sin aqvs azri, roca mis gadawyvetas SeuZlia, raRac arsebiTi
daamatos originals. piesis mixedviT siaruls maSin aqvs azri,
roca gaqvs saTqmeli da am SinaarsiT avseb Zvel WurWels~.
klasikis interpretaciis problema mTeli misi cxovrebis
dilemad iqca da am amocanis gadaWras wlebi Sealia. Seqspi-
ris, molieris, kldiaSvilis, fletCeris, rasinis, gogolis
nawarmoebTa sasceno adaptaciis procesSi mas mxedvelobidan
ar usxlteboda is realoba, romlis wiaRSic dgamda piesas.
amitomac Camoayaliba formulis saxiT klasikis dadgmis prin-
ci pi: `raRac arsebiTi daamatos originals~. `saqmis~ dadgmis
dros, arsebiTi aRmoCnda Cinovnikuri saxelmwifos arsis
warmoCena da misi transkri pcia Tanamedrove sazogadoebrivi
yofis intonaciiT. dekoracia, kostiumebi, garemo, siuJeti,
sityvaTa wyoba _ `Zveli WurWeli~; azri, saTqmeli, adami-
anTa urTierTobani - axali Sinaarsi; dedaazri _ maradiuli.
epoqaTa Sinagani kavSiris aRmoCeniT kerZo ambavSi arsebiTis
gamokveTa da zedroulobis niSniT warmodgena_ mixeil Tu-
maniSvilis stiqia gaxldaT. kerZo_zogadi_maradiuli sanaxa-
obis Sinagan struqturas ayalibebda da safuZvels uqmnida
ambis ganviTarebis modernul svlebs. determinebuli xdeboda
ara klasikuri siuJeti, rogorc saSualeba, aramed movlenis
arsi, rogorc mizani. reJisors swored rom mizanSi hqon-
da `amoRebuli~ maradiuli problema, is xdeboda saniSne da
amitomac, sanaxaoba ganixileboda ara kalendaruli dRis aq-
tivobiT mxolod, aramed am sayovelTao `senis~ mimaniSnebel

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aqtiur da aqtualur movlenad.

Cinovnikuri saxelmwifos, rogorc monstris arseboba,
ganapirobebs adamianis pirovnebisagan gaucxoebas, monuri fsi-
qikis sociumi ki ioli samarTavi xdeba _ es `martivi~, mag-
ram maradiuli meqanizmi `iyo Cadebuli~ movlenaTa dinamiur
msvlelobaSi, rogorc saxelmwifo aparatis mamoZravebeli
naRmi. saxelmwifo-sociumi-adamiani am problemis Siga dinebis
warmoCenas Seecada reJisori. axla erT movlenas mivuTiTeb.
tarelkinis (Cinovniki_lifsita!) klanWebSi aRmoCenili
muromski (rezo imnaiSvili) arziT mimarTavs saxelmwifo pi-
ramidis TavSi mdgar mTavar Cinovniks. movlena viTardeba Ta-
vadis (paata baraTaSvili) kabinetSi, ufro msxvili moxelis,
varavinis (Tazo Toloraia) da ufro metad TvalTmaqci mo-
xelis, `wvrilfexa~ Jivecis (zaza miqaSaviZe) TandaswrebiT.
wuxandeli nabaxusevia Tavadi. mis uJmur, uferul saxeze qed-
maRlobis umecreba da siZulvilis gameteba irekleba. kuWisa
Tu RviZlis tkiviliT gamowveuli gaRizianeba, Cveulebisamebr,
qveSevrdomTa lanZRvaze gadaaqvs. misi `imperativis~ SiSiT
`welSi wydeba~ Jiveci, fernacvali da daoTxili `nemsis yun-
wSi~ Zvreba, rom rogorme siave da siSmage gadahyaros gamZvin-
varebul ufross. klasikuri mliqvnelis ti ps individualuri
feradovnebiT warmosaxavda msaxiobi. mis fermixdil saxeze
SiSi, qveSevrdomis liqni da ridi, mowafis gulmodgineba iyo
aRbeWdili, isic ikiTxeboda, rogor Caenacvleboda Tavads
TviTon, an misi msgavsi moxele, Tuki ierarqiul kibeze droze
adre ar `dagordeboda~! gafiTrebuli, gaognebuli, damfr-
Txali muromski kedels akvria da ukvalod gaqrobas lamobs,
sityva udneba bageze, saxes Zrwola uCrdilavs, Svelas ux-
mod iTxovs!
ucbad, wamoimarTeba veeba Tavadi, isteriulad yviris,
xma uwvrildeba da xelebs SlegiviT atrialebs. qaRalde-
biT ivseba kabineti, isev gahkivis isteriulad nabaxusevi da
amitomac, uJmur xasiaTze myofi Tavadi, Tan sakuTari Zala-
uflebis `sidiadiT~ tkbeba, TviTreklamiT gabruebuli, me-

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 maradi berika

didurad gafxorili Seavlebs Tvals waxril qveSerdomebs...

ufro maRali rangis aramzada, ~msxvilfexa~ moxele, varavini,
uxmod zeimobs, avazakis Rimili dasTamaSebs xmel_xmel piri-
saxeze, radganac gamocdilebiT icis, rom nabaxusev Tavads
Tavic stkiva da gabruebuls muromski verc Sebedavs Txovnas!
`naomari da najafari~ Tavadi mSviddeba, Tavisi mdgomareobis
simaRlidan gorozad gadaxedavs Tvinier qveSevrdomebs da ga-
marjvebulis qedmaRlobiT stovebs `brZolis vels~, sakuTar
kabinets, didi da mZime saweri magida rom amSvenebs, Tval-
Seudgam simaRleze rom ahyavs misi nebismieri binadari... kabi-
netis kuTxeSi gayuCebul muromskis simwris oflma daucvara
Subli, usaSvelo sawuxari da Semzaravi sicariele aRebeWda
pirisaxeze. axla misi sazrunavia, rogorme daaRwios Tavi am
uSvelebeli kabinetis damTrgunvel `sidiades~ da isev aRmoC-
ndes Tavis uSfoTvel samyofelSi.
movlenis kompoziciuri mTlianoba riskian monaxazs sTa-
vazobs mayurebels. yofiTi detalebi miyvanilia ukidures Te-
atralur gamomsaxvelobamde. yoveli personaJi konfliqtSia
meoresTan, yoveli personaJis survili partnioris sapasuxo
qceviTaa gamJRavnebuli. stilis, Janris, azrovnebis para-
doqsulobaze agebuli Tavad movlena ki sazogadoebis Tval-
Tmaqcobasa da mzakvrobas warmoaCens, rogorc Tavis gatanis
saxsars, am saxelmwifo_monstris totaluri Tavxedobis, Si-
Sisa da umecrebis ugono zeobis pirobebSi. es ambavi SemaZr-
wunebel koSmarad SemorCeboda mayurebels, rom ara ganwyobis
naucbaTevi Semobruneba... maJoruli tonalobis hangs rokviT
ahyvebian msaxiobebi: cbieri RimiliT, msubuqi ironiiT, Si-
nagani sianciT CaimRereben am sociumis moralis Segonebas:
` sanam gaqvs Zala, Zarcve da fuli agrove Savi dRisaTvis da
miafurTxe yvelas, yvelafers, daRvare sxvisi sisxli~. moris
focxiSvilis leqsis maxvilgoniereba da daviT turiaSvilis
farsuli tonalobis musika, movlenaTa Sinaarsobriv simZimes
simsubuqesa da ironiul safarvels uqmnida.
daZabulobis ukiduresi marwuxebiT agebuli movlenaTa ri-

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gis mSfoTvare intonacias, drodadro, `jambazobis~ sazeimo

tonaloba enacvleboda, rac maJorul Seferilobas aniWebda
moqmedebas. marTlac, jambazobaa aseT sazogadoebaSi gamefebu-
li `amoraluri morali~, maTi ~keTilgonivruli~ didaqtika _
vamTavrebT Sinagan monologs, ukve darbazidan gamosulebi.
mZafrsa da sastik sasceno orTabrZolebs jambazis gamiz-
nuli a’ parte enacvleba. jambazis (darejan xaCiZe) dajere-
bul, amave dros, gaognebul mimikasa da intonaciaSi idumali
saTqmelia gamJRavnebuli. uneburad sakuTar Tavs epaeqrebi:
ra aris es? daZabuli dinamikis Segnebuli Seneleba? sasceno
cxovrebiseuli nakadis Segnebuli SeCereba? movlenaTa dis-
tanciuri Sefasebis saSualeba? yvelaferi erTad. iluziis
tyveobidan Tavdaxsnili mayurebeli asociaciuri nakadis Sem-
weobiT, sanaxaobis msvlelobaSi misTvis agrerigad sacnaur
`cxovrebiseul~ movlenebs, faqtebs, adamianebs ixsenebs da
am gamonagonis cxovelmyofeli qveteqstis amocnobas lamobs.
amave dros, reJisori cdilobs, msaxiobebi ucodvelobis
kvarcxlbekidan moisrolos da Teatric am movlenaTa rkal-
Si ganixilos, CamoarTvas mas didaqtikis mentoruli toni.
jambazis SeTxzva amitomac dasWirda. darejan xaCiZis perso-
naJs tradiciuli kubokruli Sarvali da Savi surTuki emosa,
Tavs cilindri amkobda, xelSi steki epyra. cilindrs CaCi-
viT xmarobda, steks ostaturad iqnevda, yvelas abiaburebda
da WinkasaviT dahqroda. darejan xaCiZe simsubuqes, farsul
siTamames, vodevilis gulubryvilobas sZenda sanaxaobas. mis
eqscentrikas, iumors, ironias parodiis elementebi Sehqonda
am `seriozul~ komediaSi. CaCiT xelSi jambazis mier WeSma-
rite bis gam J Rav ne ba, Ta vad cxov re bi se ul re a lo bas
mra val m niSvnelovan ganzomilebas, xolo movlenas farsul
Seferilobas aniWebda, amiT ki TamaSis xerxs gamJRavnebis
farTo asparezs uqmnida, iluzias realobis CarCos uxsnida.
darejan xaCiZis mravlisdamtevi mimika, plastikuri monaxazi,
ganwyobaTa pedalizebuli monacvleoba, Teatralur Seferi-
lobas aniWebda yovel frazas, personaJTa saqciels, sasceno

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qmedebas. amitomac, misi jambazi swrafi moZraobebiT, gulubr-

yvilo SefasebebiT, maxvilgonieri replikebiTa da feradovani
JestiT, speqtaklis kamertonad gvevlineboda.
am sasceno oromtrialSi gamoikveTa tarelkinis figura,
zurab yifSiZis Cinebuli SesrulebiT. cbiereba, sifrTxile,
umecari mediduroba, briyvuli Tavgamodeba, monuri Zrwola
_ am Tvisebebs yovel epizodSi TvalismomWreli elvarebiT
warmoaCenda msaxiobi. Tvalis viwro Wrili tarelkinis ~msof-
lWvretis~ simcireze miuTiTebda, Tanac pirisaxes cbierebis
elfers sZenda. Semparavi, moqnili, elastiuri moZraobebi _
gamudmebulad xifaTs rom gaurbian _ adamianSi cxoveluri
instiqtis batonobas gvagrZnobinebda. movlenis centrSi mudam
tarelkini idga, Tavisi `politikis~ gatarebas TavgamodebiT
cdilobda. es `politika~ _ patara keTildReobis miRwevaa,
sul mcire gamorCenis miRwevaa! aba, `msxvilfexa~ avazaks, va-
ravins, rogor Seedreba es briyvi `melakuda!~ amitomac, Cqa-
robs saqmis mogvarebas _ welSi wydeba, yvelafers etaneba,
rac ki muromskis ojaxSi gzad Semoxvdeba _ lidas, kopwia,
gulubryvilo da plastikur ymawvilqals (darejan jojua),
utifrad iyenebs cekvis ileTebs masTan urTierTobis dros
da ixalisebs yofas; eSureba arays _ briyvuli siSmagiT svams,
fuls, xarbi Tvali gamudmebiT muromskis jibisken gaurbis;
atuevas (lia kapanaZe) earSiyeba, ndomiT Sehyurebs jer kidev
momxiblav qals, aba, nasvamsa da `najafs~ kuTvnili tkboba
xom ekuTvnis!... ase damcxrali da mainc `jafisagan~ qancgawy-
vetili, Semdeg Tavis soros miaSurebs.
scenaze mefobda sruli Tavisufleba, gamomgoneblobis
silaRe, improvizaciuli siSmage, uxvi Teatraluri energia.
Tanamedrove Teatris gaSiSvlebuli tendenciuroba aq imose-
boda reJisoruli da aqtioruli mravalmniSvnelovani, gaaz-
rebuli tendenciurobiT, rac msaxiobis qcevaTa foierverkiT
sruldeboda.

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,,RviZli Svilebi”

m aswavleblisa da Segirdebis speqtaklebs Sinaganad

akavSirebs swored sasceno dapirispirebaTa dinamika
da Smagi ritmuli wyoba, Setakebis kulminacias rom axasiaTebs.
am `aRmavali~ xarisxis orTabrZolebsa Tu `jgufur SebmaSi~
ikveTeboda filosofiuri azric, saTeatro ideac, xasiaTic,
poziciac. asea gadawyvetili am Teatris saukeTeso speqtaklebi,
aqtioruli da reJisoruli mignebebi, romelTa Seswavla da
analizi kidev ufro sabuTians gaxdis miTiTebul mosazrebas.
amjerad mxolod ramdenime Segirdis namuSevars gavixseneb:
`bnel oTaxSi~. manana anasaSvilis mier sami vodevilis in-
terpretacia, sadac gaibrwyina rusudan bolqvaZis niWierebam,
Tazo Toloraias ostatobam. sanaxaobaSi personaJTa urTier-
Tzemoqmedeba, bolqvaZe _ Toloraias dueti, urTulesi, na-
tifi da ironiuli svlebiT gamoisaxa (1981 weli).
`wuTisofeli asea~. qarTuli xalxuri poeziiT Seqmnili
piesa, romelic Tavad damdgmelma reJisorma nugzar lorTqi-
faniZem Seqmna. am SesaniSnav sanaxaobas amSvenebda ara marto
reJisoruli gamomgoneblobis, cincxali svlebis saxiereba,
aramed msaxioburi ansamblis, maRali rangis ostatobiT Ses-
rulebuli rolebic: mzia arabulis, ramaz ioselianis, levan
uCaneiSvilis, mixeil jojuas, nino burdulis, nineli Wankveta-
Zis, nana lorTqifaniZis, laura rexviaSvilis, daviT erisTavis,
amiran SarmanaSvilis da sxv. personaJebi (1985 weli).
`cxovreba idiotisa~. riunoske akutagavas novelebis sain-
tereso montaJi da gabeduli interpretacia, reJisor daviT
doiaSvilis mier. nato murvaniZis, giorgi nakaSiZis, giorgi gve-
lesianis, nana liTaniSvilis, zurab gewaZis, Tamar gegeWkoris,
eka CxeiZis da sxvaTa natifi, gaazrebuli TamaSiT, pirvelqmnili
siwmindiTa da rwmenis sidiadiT warmoisaxa adamianis mier gare
samyaros Secnobis dauZleveli wadili (1994 weli).
`jer daixocnen, mere iqorwines~. rafiel erisTavis vo-

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 maradi berika

devilis giorgi margvelaSviliseuli saintereso interpreta-

cia. giorgi pi pinaSvilis, nineli WankvetaZis, gia roiniSvi-
lis Cinebuli TamaSi, eka andronikaSvilis, Tamar gegeWkoris,
kote lekiSvilis, gia abesalaSvilis, giorgi yifSiZis metad
sagulisxmo Sesruleba (1995 weli).
`ana karenina~. lev tolstois prozis giorgi sixaruli-
Ziseuli metad sagulisxmo interpretacia,Mmsaxiobebis: nine-
li WankvetaZis, giorgi pi pinaSvilis, giorgi roiniSvilis,
zaza miqaSaviZis, zurab gewaZis, nataSa Sengelaias da sxvaTa
TamaSi, am Teatris TvisebaTa rkaliT ganixileba. es speqtak-
li am Teatris `RviZli Svilia~. (2001 weli).
TumaniSvilis mier Ggavlebuli Rrma xnulidan amoizar-
da sakraluri Teatris religia, wminda Teatris misteriuli
rituali, romelic idumali, momnusxveli, damamSvidebeli
sulTaTanasaviT Cagvesmis darRveul, agresiul, gapartaxebul
realobaSi.
da rac Rirebulia, liderisa da Segirdebis speqtaklebiT
moiniSna procesisa da niSanTa Teatrebis SesaZlo daaxloebis
saSualebani. im gzis mikvleva, romelic miiyvanda am scenaze
gaTamamebul sanaxaobebis avtorebs metaforuli niSanTa sis-
temisa da Sinaarsis, procesis Sinagani svlebis gaerTianebas-
Tan _ mniSvnelovani aRmoCnda kinomsaxiobTa Teatris pirveli
etapisaTvis.

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SesaniSnavi sameuli

m ixeil TumaniSvilma Tavis saukeTeso dadgmaTa siaSi

Seitana `bakulas Rorebi~, `don Juani~, `Cveni pa-
tara qalaqi~. axla am sami speqtaklis mniSvnelobas gamovyof
misi Semoqmedebis sagulisxmo periodidan.
`bakulas Rorebi~, WeSmaritad, uberebeli speqtakli
aRmoCnda ara marto Tavisi moqalaqeobrivi saTqmeliTa da
reJisoruli koncefciis mniSvnelobiT, aramed Sinagani dine-
biTac, qveteqstis qveteqstiTac, asociaciuri nakadis simax-
viliTac, TamaSis wesiTac da gamosaxvis mravalplanianobiTac.
speqtakls ukve mravalwliani biografia aqvs da am Teatris
princi pTa gamomxatvel sanaxaobad, erTgvar savizito baraTad
iqca, iseve, rogorc berliner ansamblisaTvis _ `dedilo ku-
raJi da misi Svilebi~, 60-iani wlebis tagankis TeatrisaTvis
_ `seCuaneli keTili adamiani~, Tavis droze moskovis samxat-
vro TeatrisaTvis _ `Tolia~, vaxtangovis TeatrisaTvis _
`princesa turandoti~, marjaniSvilis TeatrisaTvis _`uriel
akosta~. amgvari magaliTebis dasaxeleba dausruleblad SeiZ-
leba, radganac axali Teatris, an ukve arsebul TeatrSi axa-
li etapis dasawyisi yovelTvis dakavSirebulia iseT sanaxao-
basTan, sadac srulyofilebiT gamovlinda damdgmeli gundis,
mTeli SemoqmedebiTi koleqtivis mxatvruli princi pebi. Cemi
azriT, am speqtaklis sicocxlisunarianoba ganapiroba samma
faqtorma: 1. problemisa da misi gadawyvetis aqtualurobam; 2.
mdgradma yalibma, `sqemam~, romelzec agebulia sanaxaoba; 3.
msaxiobTa azartulma TamaSma.
speqtaklma TvalnaTliv warmoaCina axalgazrda Semoqmede-
biTi gundisa da maTi lideris Sexeduleba sasceno xelovne-
baze, maTi damokidebuleba profesiuli azrovnebisadmi, Zie-
baTa arsi, TanaSemoqmedebiTi procesisadmi ltolva da rac
mTavaria, saTeatro `sametyvelo enis~ siwmindis dacva, misi
gaTavisufleba Sreebisagan, anu Teatris arqeti puli Tvisebis,
misi ritualuri qmedebis, bakquri improvizaciuli Tavisuf-

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lebis maqsimaluri aRdgenis mcdeloba.

daviT kldiaSvilis mwerluri individualuroba agrerigad
organuli gamomxatveli aRmoCnda xelovanTa msoflSegrZnebisa.
adamianisa da sociumis zneobrivi dakninebis, sulieri dacemis,
Sinagani daSlis realisturi asaxva, kritikuli muxti, mwvave
iumorisa da sevdiani intonaciis dakavSireba, rac damaxasiaTe-
belia kldiaSvilisaTvis, exmianeba XX saukunis meore naxevris
xelovanTa msoflgancdas. satirisa da `Savi iumoris~ siWarbe,
rac agreTve niSandoblivia amave periodis msoflio mwerlobi-
saTvis, kldiaSvilis qmnilebebSi Serbilebulia Tavad avtoris
adamianisadmi ukidegano siyvaruliT. Cemi azriT, swored am re-
alobis miuReblobam, mwvave kritikulma muxtma, Seufarvelma
simarTlem, personaJebis sulis TrTolviT gamoZerwvis unarma
da siyvaruliani gakilvis, gakenwvlisa da iumoris siWarbem
moxibla TumaniSvili. man kldiaSvilSi sakuTari sulis feTq-
vis Tanaziaroba SeniSna da amitomac `axleburi~ TvalsazrisiT
daanaxa mayurebels daviT kldiaSvilis `imereTis saga~, jer
kidev 1958 wlis satelevizio speqtaklSi `darispanis gasaWi-
ri~. Cemi azriT, aqedan iwyeba kidec `kldiaSvilis Teatris~
axali etapi, romelic rusTavelelTa dasis Cinebuli dadgmiT
dasrulda da imave speqtalkiT daiwyo axali etapi `kldiaSvi-
lis Teatris~ ganviTarebisa.
1969wels rusTavelis Teatris mcire scenaze, Temur
CxeiZisa da robert sturuas mier ganxorcielebuli `samaniS-
vilis dedinacvlis~ azrobrivi partituris gamokveTisa da
mxatvruli gadawyvetis princi pis migneba (msaxiobebi simoneT-
Si, kldiaSvilis saxl-muzeums aTvaliereben da iqve iwyeben
TamaSs, TiTqos, imprivizaciulad mogviTxroben darispanis
gasaWirze), TamaSis wesis am `talRaze awyoba~ _ mixeil Tuma-
niSvilis SemoTavazebis Sedegad daibada da dasrulebuli saxe
miiRo ukve damdgmelTa damoukidebeli repeticiebiT. xolo
`bakulas RorebiT~ kvlav axal safexurze aRmoCnda `kldiaS-
vilis Teatri~, romlis warmatebuli ganviTarebisaTvis sxva-
dasxva Taobis reJisorTa dadgmebma mniSvnelovani roli Seas-
rules. maT Soris, garda dasaxelebuli reJisor_liderebisa,

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metad Rirebulia Salva gawerelias Ziebani (mozard mayure-

belTa Teatri, Teatraluri instituti), gogi qavTaraZisa da
SoTa kobiZis dadgmebi quTaisis lado mesxiSvilis saxelobis
Teatris scenaze (`darispanis gasaWiri~, `qamuSaZis gaWirveba~),
rusTavis TeatrSi Tamaz mesxisa da goCa kapanaZis speqtaklebi,
soxumis TeatrSi kote abaSiZis dadgma da sxv. amdenad, XX sa-
ukunis qarTuli Teatris erT-erTi monapovari `kldiaSvilis
Teatria~, romlis ganviTarebisaTvis TumaniSvilis mignebebs,
miseul interpretacias gadamwyveti roli eniWeba.
Tuki folknerma `iokanapatofis sagis~ SeqmniT, samxre-
Ti da misi problemebi xelaxla aRmoaCenina inteleqtualur
samyaros, aseve kldiaSvilma `imereTis sagis~ SeqmniT, ime-
reTi aRmoaCenina adamianebs, xolo mwvave gancdiT, mwerlis
sagis axleburi amokiTxviT, adamiani_sociumi, es urTierToba
axali ZaliT ganacdevina `kldiaSvilis Teatrma~ mayurebels.
mixeil TumaniSvilma konceptualuri reJisoruli TeatrisaT-
vis moniSna kldiaSvilis figura, misi damsaxureba XX sau-
kunis meore naxevris erovnuli scenisaTvis. unda aRiniSnos,
rom qarTvel reJisor_liderTa damsaxureba isicaa, rom maT
konceptualuri reJisoruli Teatris safuZvelSive Cakires
SeqspirTan, anuisTan, molierTan erTad, qarTvel mweralTa
saxelebi: TumaniSvilma _ kldiaSvili, qiaCeli; sturuam _
kldiaSvili, kakabaZe; CxeiZem _ ilia, kldiaSvili, qiaCeli,
javaxiSvili; gawereliam _ kldiaSvili; Tu am saxelebs sxva
reJisorTa Ziebebsac davumatebT, SesaZlebelia, iTqvas, rom
didia reJisorTa, erovnuli reJisoruli Teatris damsaxureba,
ara marto `kldiaSvilis Teatris~ ganviTarebisaTvis, aramed,
saerTod, XX saukunis erovnuli Teatris aRmavlobisaTvis.
mixeil TumaniSvilma kldiaSvilSi metad seriozuli mwe-
rali SeniSna, scenisaTvis aRmoacena yvelaze sasacilo, anek-
doturi siuJetebi da maT sasceno qmedebis dinamiuroba miani-
Wa. `bakulas Rorebis~ farsuli silaRe da komikuri situacia
kidev ufro meti dramatuli elementebiT Seazava, am `Seusa-
bamobaSi~ aRmoaCina konfliqtis sawyisi da masze aago perso-
naJTa urTierTdapirispirebis, sasceno `orTabrZolebis~ pro-

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cesebi, sagangebod gamokveTa adamianuri tragi-komediis, bedis

trialis uCveulo `kataklizmebi~, gamokveTa sasceno qmedebis
mCqefare dineba da masSi gamWvirvaled Caaqsova adamianTa Si-
nagani samyaros `TvaliT uxilav moZraobaTa~ (gunia) mTliani
speqtri, movlenaTa uswrafesi monacvleobiT ki sociumis de-
formirebuli yofis ganwiruloba warmoaCina, konfliqturi
situaciis daZabuli ritmiT adamianTa urTierTqiSpis amaoeba
gaamZafra, xolo sasceno miniSnebebma da arqeti puli samya-
ros simbolikam sanaxaobas, maxvilgonierebasTan erTad, aso-
ciaciuri nakadis sizustec Sehmata. yvelaferma erTad Seqmna
ruseTis imperiis ZalmomreobiT dabeCavebuli soflis yofa da
adgilobrivi mosaxleobis zneobrivi dakninebis mravalsaxova-
ni, ambivalenturi, uTvalavi feriT gawyobili mozaika.
sanaxaobam mwerlisa da reJisoris xedvis, gancdis, adami-
anisadmi damokidebulebis erTianobac gamosaxa, TiTqos es ori
Semoqmedi erTi satkivariTa da misi gamosaxvis erTiani tona-
lobiT arian dakavSirebulni, Sepyrobilni, gaerTianebulni.
kldiaSvilis cremlnarevi sicili, komikuri da dramatuli
situaciis aWra, faqtisaTvis movlenis statusis miniWeba,
daundobel ironiasTan erTad, adamianisadmi saTuTi damoki-
debuleba, adamianis fsiqikis codna da misi Sinagani samyaros
cvlilebaTa `xelis gulze~ gadaSla _ TumaniSvilis reJiso-
ruli xedvisa da samyaros aRqmis TiTqmis identuria. daviT
kldiaSvilis mwerluri samyaros gasaocari Sesmenis, misi in-
dividualurobis saTuTi SegrZnebis Sedegia isic, rom mixeil
TumaniSvilma mwerlis qmnilebis, misi teqstis `gacocxlebis~,
misi sityvis sasceno transformaciis Cinebuli magaliTi Seq-
mna. TviT mwerlis idiomebis, dialeqtis, kuTxuri Cvevebis
ganzogadebiT naTeli xdeba, rom reJisorma maTSi ara mxolod
dekoris rangi SeniSna, aramed ferTa gama, gamosaxvis forma-
Ta `xmovaneba~ amoicno, ramac SesaZlebeli gaxada lokaluri,
erTi SexedviT, anekdoturi ambis istoriuli regaliebiT `Se-
mosva~, dinamiuri, saxieri sasceno qmedebiT, misTvis sazoga-
do, masStaburi JReradobis miniWeba, iseve, rogorc mweralma
sityvaTa wyobis SemweobiT aqcia es erTi, ,,TavSesaqcevad”

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mosaTxrobi siuJeti istoriuli mniSvnelobis qaragmad.

sanaxaobis mTavar niSanTa Soris aRsaniSnavia Janris prob-
lema. `Sereuli Janris~ princi pi saaTnaxevrian speqtaklSi,
erTgvarad, `intrigis~ rolsac asrulebs da mayureblis inte-
ress amZafrebs: fsiqodramis elementebi (galaqtionisa da ze-
naTis epizodebi, galaqtionis mier `danosis~ Seqmnis movlena
da sxv.); komediisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli orlesuli gakilvisa
da sazogadoebrivi yofis gabiaburebis mcdeloba, mxiaruli da
TavSesaqcevi Txrobis simsubuqe (kancelariis epizodebi, `lxi-
ni xosolianebTan~, pirveli nawili da sxv.); eqscentrikis
elementebi (`lxini xosolianebTan~ _mesame nawili, Rorebad
gadaqcevis scenebi); farsuli TavaSvebuloba, saxumaro usaqci-
elobani (kancelariis epizodebi, `lxinis~ epizodebi, Winkebis
scenebi da sxv.); dramatuli elementebi, satirisa da SarJis
karikaturuli stiqia mimobneulia personaJebis, calkeuli
epozodebis mxatvruli gadawyvetis saxeobaSi. es princi puli
svla _ erTi Janris TvisebaTa rkalis garRveva, gamosaxvis
formaTa mravalsaxeobrivi aranJireba, intonaciaTa aWra, ek-
leqtikis niSniT gamoarCevs sanaxaobas, rac damaxasiaTebeli
aRmoCnda saerTod am periodis saTeatro xelovnebisaTvis.
am mravalplaniani, mozaikuri wyobis movlenaTa rigs, Ti-
Toeul epizods, sixalise da simartive rom axasiaTebs, Ta-
visi zustad gansazRvruli xvedriTi wona aqvs, zeamocani-
saTvis `brZolis~ sakuTari iaraRi _ saqcielTa rigi, maTi
`elferisa da xmovanebis~ intonacia axasiaTebs. sanaxaobis
dedaazris gamoxatvisaTvis, yovel msaxiobs, Tavisi epizo-
dic aqvs gansazRvruli, sadac misi personaJi xdeba movlenis
protagonisti, mas `mihyavs~ moqmedeba, xolo danarCenebi, sa-
fuZvlianad damuSavebuli saqcielTa rigiT, aqtiurad monawi-
leoben am SemosazRvrul samoedno sivrceSi, sadac improvi-
zaciuli gaqanebiT agneben axal-axal feradovnebasa da xmovan
intonacias. TiToeuli personaJis funqcia, rolis zeamocana,
amocanebi, gamosaxvis ferebi sagangebodaa damuSavebuli, Tum-
ca improvizaciiT ferTa variaciebis migneba reJisorisaTvis
dasaSvebia da aucilebelic. Tu SeiZleba iTqvas, aq impro-

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vizacia misaRebia `rkals SigniT~, radganac ferTa Sexamebas

mozaikuri wyobis dros, sagangebo mniSvneloba eniWeba. amas-
Tanave, yoveli epizodis kulminacia isea agebuli, rom mov-
lenis protagonistica da marginalic maqsimalurad amJRavnebs
Tavis funqcias, aseve, mTeli ZaliT erTveba dapirispirebaTa
procesSi. TiToeuli msaxiobi am dros gamoxatavs grZnobaTa
`duRilis~ maqsimalur temperaturas, Sinagani daZabulobis
maRal xarisxs, raTa TiToeulma personaJma gamoavlinos uk-
ve movlenis funqcia mTliani sanaxaobisaTvis, xolo yovelma
msaxiobma _ sakuTari gmiris sruli SesaZleblobani sanaxao-
bis mTlianobis gancdisaTvis.
saaTis meqanizmiviT awyobil sanaxaobas, marTalia, droTa
ganmavlobaSi odnav daaklda pirvandeli pewi da sinorCe, mag-
ram am meqanizmma SeunarCuna dadgmas Zveleburi aqtualuroba
da aqtivoba, aqcentebis simaxvile, msaxiobebs ki _ TamaSis
azartuloba, grZnobaTa siwrfele, intonaciuri JReradobis
xarisxi. dadgmis sicocxlisunarianobis ganmsazRvreli bakqu-
ri improvizaciis Tavisuflebaa, romelmac SeunarCuna speq-
takls Sinagani mcxunvareba da TamaSis moulodneloba.
erTi mxriv, mkvrivad nagebi speqtaklis `sqema~ da meores
mxriv, improvizaciuli Tavisufleba _ es Znelad misaRwevi
tandemi, gasaocari mizidulobiT amoqmeddeba xolme yovel
speqtaklze da andamatis ZaliT `iTrevs~ yovel msaxiobs sas-
ceno qmedebis oromtrialSi, raTa erTi soflis yofa mTeli
qveynis bed-iRbalis, sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis simbolod iq-
ces. metaforebiT, aluziebiT, asociaciuri nakadiT aRsavse
sanaxaoba, berikuli niRbebis sianciTa da miniSnebis siuxviT
warmoaCens ruseTis imperiis moxeleTa sibriyvesa da gafuyul
Zalovanebas, Rirsebaayrili adgilobrivi mosaxleobis zneob-
rivi dacemisa da gaunaTleblobis Sedegad maTs gadagvarebas.
sasceno sivrceSi gadaixlarTa da saxierad gamoisaxa veliko-
derJavul ambiciaTa zeoba da imperiuli sindromiT daTrgunu-
li soflis (qveynis) ambavi, anu Seiqmna saxelmwifo-sociumi-
individis urTierTobaTa panorama. am erTi anekdoturi faqtis
masStaburi interpretaciis SemweobiT (mwerali + reJisori

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+ mxatvari + musikosi + msaxiobebi), SesaZlebelia, Zalze

sagangaSo perspeqtivac vivaraudoT da Sorsmimavali daskvne-
bic gamovitanoT. Tu kurt vonegutis mosazrebis perifrazs
movaxdenT (mwerali omze msjelobs), SesaZlebelia, iTqvas,
rom bolos da bolos saxelmwifos (imperiisac!) totaluri
zewolisa da totaluri Zalmomreobis Sedegi is aris, rom
`adamians gadaaCveven pirovnebad yofnas~. es saSiSroeba dagva-
naxa reJisorma farsuli siTamamiTa da ambivalenturi miniSne-
biT, msubuqi didaqtikiTa da maxvili qveteqstiT.
speqtaklis mTavari dinebaa sociumis degradirebis, viwro
interesebiT cxovrebis realuri suraTebi; mTavari metafora
ki gadaSlili wignis furclebia (dekoracia!), romlebzec
1912 wels Seqmnili daviT kldiaSvilis moTxrobaa dawerili.
wigni, rogorc codnis, informaciis niSani aq pirvelqmnili
arsisagan gaucxoebula, amasTanave, wignierebis deficitis
pirobebSi, am aqcentirebam mTelis ZaliT migvaniSna umecre-
bis aRzevebis pirobebSi, rogori dabeCavebulia da cxovrebis
kulisebSia migdebuli umweo adamiani, miT ufro _ gaunaTle-
beli. reJisorisa da mxatvar givi ceraZis migneba _ scenog-
rafia, am sanaxaobis kidev erTi personaJia. TeTr furcelze
Savi mrglovani mxedruliT Sesrulebuli teqsti, grafikuli
suraTebiT _ sasiminde, Robe, galaqtionis ZaRli tupia, ba-
kulas Roris Tavi... TeTr fonze Savi kopwia asoebiT Sesru-
lebuli teqsti, Canaxatebi da azri _ umecrebis bakqanalia,
Caqsovili am lazaTiani xelnaweris striqonebSi, iumorTan
erTad ironiasac badebs. sakeci Tejirebi xan galaqtionis
kar-midamos, xan kancelariis misaReb darbazs, xan soflis
orRobesa da xan gzas rom mianiSneben, gamudmebulad gviCve-
neben kldiaSvilis moTxrobis ama Tu im nawyvets. mwerlis
Tvali, didebuli qarTuli anbani da sityva Tan dahyveba sa-
naxaobas, rogorc orientiri, gzis mimaniSnebeli da vinaobis
ganmcxadebeli mocemuloba.
sanaxaobis mTavari movlenebi gaTamaSebulia gaSlil sivr-
ceSi _ kancelariis misaRebSi, xosolianebis ezoSi. es sivrce
warmoadgens mTlianad qveynis, sazogadoebis sajaro yofis

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simbolos. duxWiri yofa da samarTlis ZiebaSi qancgawyvetili

adamiani _ aseTi azrobrivi partitura qveteqstis gamiznulo-
bam warmoaCina. gaWirveba da usamarTloba _ aseTi yofisaTvis
gawira saxelmwifom, imperiam sociumi da individic, masac
da adamianic. am saTqmeliTaa damuxtuli sanaxaoba. `danosis~
dawera, Worikana_Winkebis safinalo intermedia, dramatizmi
da ironia aq warmoCenilia, rogorc urTierTganpirobebuli,
rogorc cxovrebiseuli situaciis Tanamdevi mocemuloba da
aucilebloba. ambavi viTardeba sul `ubralo~ konfliqtiT _
bakulas Rorebma `amoagdes~ galaqtion xosolianis bostani
da `daemuqrnen~ maTs sarCos. galaqtionma bakulasa da misi
Rorebis dasaSineblad `gavlenian~ naTesavs uxmo, kancelari-
is moxeles SaSas (levan uCaneiSvili) _ am rols sxvadasxva
dros TamaSobdnen giorgi pi pinaSvili, giorgi yifSiZe, da mis
ufross, vasil ivaniCs _ paata baraTaSvils (am rols erTxa-
nobas giorgi margvelaSvili asrulebd), maT mxars porfiri
umSvenebs (am rols ori Semsrulebeli hyavs: zurab yifSiZe,
zaza miqaSaviZe).
lxi nis dros ba ku las Ro re bi Se mo e se vi an stu mar-
mas pin Z lebs.
sanaxaobis es monakveTi pirobiTad SesaZlebelia ramdenime
movlenad daiyos: mzadeba lxinisaTvis, mezoblebis `Semoseva~,
stumrebis sazeimo miReba, `xelis dabanis~ rituali, `daSi-
neba~, angarebiani molxena, `sekretaris~ gaxeleba, Rorebad
gadaqceva, xosolianebis umweoba. am movlenaTa rigs hkravs da
amTlianebs galaqtioni _ ramaz ioselianis aRgznebuli wria-
li, uTavbolo sirbili, maspinZlis gadametebuli Tavazianoba,
SiSnakravi gayuCeba, daqadnebis ambicia, bodiSad `dagebuli~
Rimili, avi winaTgrZnobis mousvenroba, sulSi sixarulisa
da SiSis ucnauri SenivTeba.
didi samzadisia xosolianebis ezoSi. nair-nairi kerZebiT
`damSvenebuli~ ori magida ritmuli musikis fonze, `kunt-
ruSiT~ SemoaqvT mezoblebsa da maspinZlebs. Tavgadakluli
diasaxlisi mousvenrad wrialebs, mbraneblobs, qaliSvils
amunaTebs, SiSobs, Wadi da xaWapurebi ar daewvas; drodadro

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mxedarTmTavris ampartavani mzeriT amowmebs magidaze daxva-

vebul sanovages Tadarigiani galaqtioni _ ramaz ioseliani.
moZravi Tejirebi ganzea gaweuli, mTeli sasceno sivrcea sa-
moqmedo arena, qveynis simbolod rom qceula. xosolianebis
mzadeba stumrebis Sesaxvedrad, uwindel salaSqrod samza-
diss Camohgavs. iumori da ironia Sezavebulia dramatul mux-
tTan. stumar _ maspinZlobis instituti isevea dakninebuli,
rogorc Tavad yofa da adamiani. reJisorisTvis mTavaria, am
`RvTisganac miviwyebul~ qveyanaSi `xelmwifis toli kacis~
stumroba mTeli soflis, anu mTeli qveynis movlenad aqcios.
amitomac, Tavidanve qmnis daZabul viTarebas, realur, amas-
Tanave, hi perbolur miniSnebas, saxierebas. ritms amZafrebs
zenaTis (laura rexviaSvili) `uTavbolo~ sirbili, kabis
kalTebisa da winsafris friali, Tvalebis briali. xoragiT
gawyobil sufras rom gadaxedavs maTi qaliSvili, magididan
Wadis natexs rom daupirebs aRebas (stumrebis molodiniT
gabezrebulia pitia _ Tamar Toloraia), qoriviT eZgereba
zenaTi da wiwilasaviT gaagdebinebs Svils xelidan naWers. es
niuansi ase, gakvriT aris `Caxatuli~ lxinisaTvis samzadisis
mTlian suraTSi, magram detali movlenis perspeqtivisaTvis
iZens mniSvnelobas da kidev erTi feriT amdidrebs am `bata-
luri scenebis~ mozaikas.
nel-nela ezoSi Semodian mezoblebi, yoveli maTgani Tvals
aparebs sufrisaken. ekvirines ( nino CxeiZe) isev is erTi xe-
li sagareo tansacmeli amSvenebs, gamoyvanili wiTeli kofTa,
grZeli Savi qvedatani, patara qudi. gaognebuli, brazmore-
uli aTvalierebs nadimisaTvis gamzadebul sanovages, cnobis-
moyvareoba elavs TvalebSi, gamwarebuli loyas `Camoixokavs~
da sisiniT Cailaparakebs : `deda, deda, es ra uqniaT~. mere
meuRles gadaxedavs da isic `maRali stumris~ Sesaxvedrad
moemzadeba. reJisorma `Cveulebrivi~ foni Seuqmna kancelari-
is ufrosis CamobrZanebas: cnobiswadiliT Sekrebili sofle-
lebi seiris sayureblad arian ganwyobilni, nards TamaSoben,
Cumad qilikoben, Woraoben. soflis `banovani~, kekluci
agrafina (nineli WankvetaZe) da misi ganuyreli Tanamgzavri

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pepela (darejan xaCiZe) Tavdajerebuli Semoiseirneben xoso-

linebis ezoSi. gediviT yelmoRerebuli soflis banovanebi
afaseben situacias. `es ra uqniaTo~ gaocebulebi Sehyureben
gaSlil sufras, saerTo yuradRebiTa da pativiscemiT ganebiv-
rebuli agrafina mentoris ampartavnebiT esalmeba Tanasofle-
lebs, sonie gverdevaniZis qali _ darejan jojua Zveleburad
gaxunebuli tansacmliTa da CaCaCuli windebiT Semoprakundeba,
yvela mkacr mzeras gaayolebs, is calke Camojdeba yvelasagan
aTvalwunebuli.
ucbad, viRac SemosZaxebs _ `modiano~ da jarasaviT dat-
rialdeba, Setortmandeba, dabzrialdeba xosolianebis kar-
midamo, aiSlebian `saswaulis~ momlodine soflelebic, zo-
gi Coxas isworebs, zogi kabas, zogs Tavic gadaaviwyda da
maspinZlebic,. dafeTebuli galaqtioni SurduliviT gaeqana,
mamakacebi Sesaxvedrad moemzadnen, qalebi TiTqos, kedels
aekvrnen da gayuCnden... damuxtuli sivrce sazeimo marSis han-
gma Seazanzara da ... mundiriT Semosili, mxedrulad Semar-
Tuli kancelariis ufrosi da misi xelqveiTebi, maJoruli
marSis taqts ayolilebi, kuntruSiTa da xtunva-xtunviT
`SemobrZandebian~, soflis `amalis~ Tvalwin gaivlian, Tavisi
mdgomareobis `simaRlidan~ qedmaRlurad gadaxedavs `ufrosi~
welSi moxril, nirwamxdar, daSinebul `mrevls~. sam Tass,
TungiT wyalsa da gaxamebul TeTr pirsaxocebs Semoarbenine-
ben, sam jgufad rampasTan Sedgebian da xels daabanineben nam-
gzavr, warCinebul stumrebs. am yofiTi detaliT, bibliuri
motivis simbolikiT warmoCnda movlenis miniSneba: moxeleebma
pilatesaviT `xeli daibanes~, `Camoirecxes~ yovelgvari pa-
suxismgebloba galaqtionis ojaxis winaSe. mere gamwkrivdnen
rampasTan da ufro gasarTobad, vidre bakulas SesaSineblad,
welgamarTulebma SemosZaxes: `tu-u-u-c!~ es Seusabamoba sim-
bolo-niSansa da scenaze gaTamaSebul ambavs Soris iumors,
ironias, sevdasa da miusafrobis SegrZnebas amZafrebs. maT
Sorisaa gayursuli galaqtioni _ ramaz ioseliani. Secbu-
nebuli, samagieros gadaxdis JiniTa da aseTi moulodneli
SeZaxiliT gaocebuli maspinZeli, uxerxulad gahyurebs siv-

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rces, sadac jagnarSi dasaxlebuli bakulas qoxi eguleba.

`SevaSineT?~ amayad kiTxulobs nanatri stumari, medidurad
gadaxedavs xelqveiTebs da marSis sazeimo ritmiT, xtunva-
kuntruSiT pirdapir magidis TavSi moikalaTebs, arad dagi-
devT tradiciuli lxinis wesebs, arays moiTxovs, Jinianad
gadaxuxavs, gulgrilad ismens sadRegrZelos Targmans, mere
simReras iTxovs da urcxvad CaaSterdeba kekluc agrafinas.
Tavqariani lxinis sadRegrZeloebs gitaris wkrialze Ses-
rulebuli simRera mohyva... SezarxoSebuli sekretari wamo-
iwyebs cnobil motivs: `mefisaTvis, samSoblosaTvis, didebisa-
Tvis~... svamen xelmwife-imperatoris sadRegrZelos, mxolod
socialisti (nodar begaSvili) `dakosebula~ skamze da ar
iZvris. axla ki gajiutda nasvami ufrosi, mkacrad SeuZaxa
_ `adeqio~. mTeli sofeli evedreba gajiqebul socialists,
mere mamakacebi daswvdebian da skamianad maRla asweven, misi
protesti saerTo sicilSi Caikarga... mere SeCerda moqmede-
ba, gadapranWuli agrafina kopwiad Setrialda mayureblisken
da fiqrianad warmoTqva TiTqos, darbazs Seavedra Tavi: `ra
uxasiaTobaa, RmerTo! roca adamiani erTs fiqrob da iZule-
buli xar, ise sjide da irjebode, rogorc umravlesoba~...
aRelvebulma amreziT SeaTvaliera mezoblebi, mere kudabzikas
medidurobiT dasZina: `eseni sxva cxovrebas arian daCveuli. me
ar SemiZlia, yoveldRiurad avitano mravalJamieris da hari-
harales Zaxili~... Tavisi gandobiT Secbunebulma, tyviasaviT
miayara: `magram SeZleba ara maqvs, ise moviqce, rogorc Cemi
azri da goneba meubneba~... kaeSani Semoawva saxes, xma gaebzara:
`xandaxan gulze cecxli mekideba. magram ra~... Seyovnda, isev
ampartavani Rimili gadaefina saxeze, mere TvalTmaqci Rimi-
li akiafda kekluc pirsaxeze da cbieri intonaciiT, TiTqos,
CaimRera: `sibrazis magier, mudam RimiliT unda Sevxvde maT,
vinc Tavi momabezra... a, batono, amisTana adgils rafer ga-
moakldebian da qveyana mitovebuli yavT upatronod. yvelas
gexvewebiT damixseniT am xalxisagan,~ mxrebi aiCeCa, moxdeniT
gaSala mklavebi... axla pepelac SeuerTda megobris ukmayo-
filo replikas, kopebSekrulma imanac samduraviT mimarTa

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darbazs: `aRar SemiZlia, dagvixseniT am xalxisagan. aRar Se-

miZlia, Tqveni Wirime~... mere orive erTdroulad Setrialda
sufrisaken, ironiuli siciliT SeuerTdnen meinaxeebs, isev
gagrZelda sadRegrZeloebi da simRera. agrafina_pepelas du-
etma maTi wili pasuxismgebloba gamoxates da axla `sufTa
sindisiT~ gaagrZeles qeifi.
kacia (zurab gewaZe), andria (Temur natroSvili), alfeza
(gia abesalaSvili) am lxinis epizodebisa da `bataluri scene-
bis~ metad metyveli ferebia, gamokveTili xasiaTebia, soflis
uRimRamo yofisa da pragmatuli miznebiT mcxovrebi sazogado-
ebis simboluri niSnebia. moqmedebaSi am zongiviT SeWrilma epi-
zodma ki gamoavlina movlenis distanciuri Sefasebis simwvave.
isev gaisma galaRebul `molaSqreTa~ tkbilxmovani sim-
Rera da... dafeTebuli Rorebi pirdapir magidisken gaqandnen,
airia sufra, lamis ayiravda magida, akivldnen qalebi, Ro-
rebs daeZgernen mamakacebi... gamSrali maspinZlebis uimedo mzera,
axarxarebuli `vasil ivaniCis~ mxiaruli axireba, soflelebis
uxerxuli mdumareba erTmaneTSi gadaixlarTa, mere, amCatebu-
li `sekretari~ skamidan pirdapir miwaze gadaeSva, daoTxili,
msunag krutunSi Rorebs gaejibreba, mas mihyvebian porfiri da
SaSa... axla samni baZaven Rorebs _ kudis qiciniT, ukanalis
rxeviT, ferdebis qaviliT, RrutuniTa da xrialiT... gaognebu-
li soflelebi simwriT Sehyureben RorebSi `gareul~ sapatio
stumrebs. RreobaSi gadazrdili lxini farsuli simsubuqiTa
da skabrezulobiT, sianciTa da gaxsnilobiT warmoaCens ga-
pirutyvebuli moxeleebisa da bakulas Rorebis gaerTianebul
bakqanalias. pirutyvebad `CamoqveiTebuli~ sapatio stumrebi,
axla soflis gankiTxvis obieqtad iqcnen. am niRbebis gniasiT
berikuli sanaxaobiTi kulturis sixalise da siTamame, didaq-
tika da gapampulebis ironia warmoCnda scenaze.
usaSvelo tkivili, wyalwaRebulis bRavili, bedis Civi-
li da daqceuli ojaxis samduravi gamoixata ramaz ioseli-
anis TvalebSi. gangebisagan miviwyebulma da gariyulma galaq-
tionma aq, am epizodSi, gamoutana ganaCeni kanons, kanonis
gamomxatvel moxeleebs, sazogadoebas, mTel qveyanas, morCil

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adamiansac da sakuTar Tavsac... tkivilisa da cremlis, Ri-

milisa da sevdis, siyvarulisa da daundobeli gakilvis am
oromtrialiT moqalaqe_Semoqmedi gametebiT akritikebs, amaT-
raxebs, amunaTebs mTels sazogadoebas. qveteqstis qveteqsti
da TamaSis wesis feradovneba gamoisaxa msaxiobis erTi mrav-
lisdamtevi pauziT. msaxiobis Tvalebidan `saidumlos gadawe-
ra~ Zaldautaneblad SevZeli...
speqtakls isev e.w. Winkebi, soflis momxibvleli bano-
vanebi _ agrafina da pepela amTavreben. Sercxvenili da gabi-
aburebuli galaqtioni `danosis~ SedegiT kmayofilebas ver
malavs, zeimobs misi suli da wyevla_krulvas ar iSurebs
misi guli. rampasTan, kibeze Camosxdebian nineli Wankveta-
Ze da darejan xaCiZe, ironiisa da iumoris safarvels wamiT
`ixsnian~, mwvave gancdisa da mowodebis SezavebiT mimarTaven
darbazs: `aRar SeiZleba ase cxovreba... ase gaCereba gagoni-
la?... Cvenve unda SevecadoT, visac SeuZlia~... `Tqven iciT...
TqvenisTana ganaTlebulisa da gavlenianobis imedi gvaqvs, egeb
raRacas gamovakldeT, gamovideT sinaTleze~... `Tqven iciT,
aba! Tqven~...
mere gitaraze daamRereben `qalaqur folklors~_
`aqedan da farcxanamde, amdeni qva vin dayara,
gamevida manifesti, axika da gadayara~...
simwriT, gamomcdelad, sevdiTa da isev iumoriT Sescqerian
msaxiobebi darbazs. mixeil TumaniSvili msaxiobTa ostatobas
endo, roca aseTi a‘ parteTi, aseTi zongiT, Ria TamaSiT daam-
Tavra sanaxaoba da am safinalo epizodiT sakuTari saTqmelic
aRmoTqva. Qqveynis, saxelmwifos, adamianTa Tanacxovrebis bedi
Tavad sociumis, adamianebis xelTaa, yovelma adamianma patios-
nad unda zidos Tavisi jvari, Tavisi pasuxismgeblobis jvari
qveynis, sazogadoebisa da momavlis winaSe!

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meamboxe farisevelTa winaaRmdeg

m olieris `don Juani~ mixeil TumaniSvilis erT-erTi

saukeTeso speqtaklia _ Tavisufali interpretaciis,
masStaburi azrisa da metaforaTa sistemis nimuSi. sanaxaoba
gamoirCeoda maRali rangis reJisoruli mignebebiTa da maRali
klasis aqtioruli ansambliT, mxatvris _ giorgi aleqsi_
mesxiSvilis STambeWdavi scenografiiTa da viqtor CubiniZis
musikiT (1981 weli). mTeli moqmedebis manZilze azrobri-
vi partituris simwyobre da siRrme, fizikuri partituris
metyveli feradovneba, logikurad aRmocenebuli sasceno me-
taforebi, msaxiobTa TamaSis sixalise _ epoqaTa Sinagan kav-
Sirsa da gansxvavebazec afiqrebda mayurebels. Tuki aRorZine-
bis epoqam aRmoaCina mecnierebisa da teqnikis miRwevaTa biZgis
mniSvneloba saxelmwifo_ sociumi_adamianis, am sistemis gan-
viTarebisaTvis, Sua saukuneebis dogmatizmisa da farisevlo-
bis marwuxebisagan Tavdaxsnili adamianis sidiade; aRmoaCina
Tavisufali gaqanebiT amoxeTqili gonis, azris, vnebis, misw-
rafebaTa masStabi da mcxunvareba; aRmoaCina Tavisufali nebis
gamJRavnebis SesaZleblobaTa xibli; aRmoaCina adamianis Sina-
gan winaaRmdegobaTa (movaleobasa da grZnobas Soris, adami-
anis inteleqtsa da socialur-politikur situacias Soris)
daZlevis SesaZlebloba; Semdeg aRmoaCina aRorZinebis epoqis
krizisis droindeli movlenebi da saxelmwifo-sociumi-ada-
mianis problemaTa simwvave; XX saukunes ukve mecnierebisa
da teqnikis arnaxuli moRwevebiT gaognebuli, brZolebiTa
da winaaRmdegobebiT daZabunebuli, `dauZlurebuli civili-
zaciis~ Sedegi _ Tavisi mowodebisagan gaucxoebuli, Sinaga-
ni winaaRmdegobebiT daSlili, postindustriuli movlenebiT
Tavzardacemuli adamiani SerCa xelT. im piedestalze, sadac
RmerTebis Semdgom adamiani Seayena aRorZinebis epoqam, XX sa-
ukunis meore naxevris sinamdvilem gametebiT moisrola igi da
mas `bunebis kaprizis~ (fokema) statusi ganusazRvra.
mixeil TumaniSvilma sazogadoebisa da individis, so-
ciumi_pirovnebis urTierTobaTa speqtri warmoaCina sasceno

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ficarnagze, epoqaTa kognaturi kavSirica da misi rRvevis

gancdac Caaqsova cocxal sasceno qmedebaSi. inteleqtualuri
dramis TvisebaTa gaazrebiT (poziciaTa, ideaTa, miswrafeba-
Ta dapirispirebis, Juani_sganarelis kamaTis interpretacias
vgulisxmob), speqtakli Cafiqrebuli iyo, rogorc Tavisufa-
li azrovnebis unariT galaRebuli pirovnebisa da dogmatikos
_ farisevelTa, amgvar sociums Soris dapirispireba. aris-
tokrati don Juanisa da sociumis warmomadgenlis, sganare-
lis, kamaTi imazec miuTiTebda, rom sazogadoeba obivatelis
statusamde daeSva! obivateluri yofis, maTi miswrafebis
eqodac moiazreboda Rameul, lurji varskvlavebiT moWe-
dil sferoze (anu samyaroze) sganareli_amiran amiranaSvilis
ferxmorTxmiT wamojdoma. don JuanTan kamaTSi damarcxebiT
gagulisebul sganarels leqsikis simwirec stanjavda da raki
patronis mWevrmetyvelebasTan Sebmas SorisdebulebiTRa axer-
xebda, gondabinduli Rameul, miamitad ganabul sferosken
gaeqaneboda da zed wamoajdeboda.
Tuki obivateluri yofis erTi safexuri gasuli sauku-
nis 50-ian wlebSi, brextiseuli interpretaciiT, urikaSi
Sebmulma dedilo kuraJma gamoxata, 80-ian wlebSi maTi mom-
xveWelobis unarisa da pragmatizmis gamovleniT, meore safe-
xuri gviCvenes eimuntas nekroSusma speqtakliT `Zia vania~ da
Temur CxeiZem _ `jayos xiznebiT~. pirvelSi voinickebs msa-
xurebi fexqveS aclidnen skams, savarZels, magidas, samovars;
jayo_givi CuguaSvilma mgluri instiqtiTa da mdabioris Za-
ladobiT xelT igdo xevisTavis qoneba, misi Tanamemcxed-
rec ki. am gzam logikurad miiyvana sazogadoeba obivateluri
yofis ufro rTul aspeqtTan, momxveWelobis perspeqtivis
GganWvretasTan. Tavisi `filosifiis~ sisworeSi Rrmad da-
jerebulma sganarelma samyaroze wamojdomis, masze mokala-
Tebis survili, unari da ufleba gaamJRavna! TiTqos Seikra
wre da amasTanave, spiralurad ganviTarda movlenebi. maTi
arsis, maTi monacvleobis simbolod am speqtalebis metafo-
raTa sistemac iqca. aseTma masStaburma svlam reJisorTa ten-
denciurobiT warmoaCina epoqis `dramaturgiuli produqcia~
(brexti), iqca ara marto samyaros nacionalur_specifikuri

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xedvisa da gamosaxvis saSualebad, aramed gamoxata `samyaros

universaluri xatic~ (barti), `komfortabeluri koSmaric~
(henri miuleri). amiT ki naTlad gamosaxa ara marto logiku-
ri azrovnebis mniSvneloba, aramed gaamyara kavSiri arqeti pul
samyarosTan, miTologiasTan, gaamdidra Teatris specifikuri
sametyvelo ena.
seriozul problemebze: samyaroze, RmerTze, adamianze, cxov-
rebis arssa da siyvarulze, iumoriTa da msubuqi ironiiT mog-
viTxrobdnen reJisorica da msaxiobebic. postmodernul epoqas
Tavisi koreqtivi Sehqonda komediis interpretaciasa da mxat-
vruli gadawyvetis principSi. sanaxaoba farsul siTamamesTan,
skabrezul daurideblobasTan erTad, gamdidrebuli iyo isto-
riuli gamocdilebiTac, xelovnebiseuli mimdinareobisa Tu mo-
dernuli gamosaxvis formaTa sasceno transformaciiTac.
baton miSas sareJisoro gegmaze muSaobis dros CauniSnavs:
`don Juani ganudga zepur sazogadoebas... is sevdiania, misT-
vis mosawyeni gaxda cxovreba cru da demagogiur samyaroSi.
Juans ar surs, monawileobdes maTi gagebiT ideur, sinamdvi-
leSi ki ZalauflebisaTvis brZolis uxams TamaSSi~. problema,
romelic wlebis manZilze awvalebda reJisors, speqtaklSi
gamoikveTa, rogorc dedaazri, mTavari movlenebisa da mar-
ginaluri dinebis mamoZravebeli muxti. reJisoris codna, ga-
mocdileba, sakuTari Tavgadasavali, kritikos _ farisevelTa
devnis simwvave anu misi mexsiereba, koncentrirebuli aRmoCnda
sociumi_pirovnebis dapirispirebaTa warmoCenaze. es Tema gam-
Woli xaziviT gasdevda yovel movlenas, masSi Caqsovili da
warmoCenili gaxldaT gamosaxvis saSualebaTa foierverkiT.
meamboxe don Juani farisevelTa winaaRmdeg _ SesaZle-
belia es mowodeba sanaxaobis devizad miviCnioT. amasTanave,
gegmaSi miTiTebulia: `ra awvalebs mas? aris Tu ara RmerTi?
daxrCobas RmerTma gadaarCina, Tu SemTxvevam? raSi xedavs ga-
mosavals? siyvarulSi!...
kamaTi sganarelTan:
1. daamtkicos, rom xsna mxolod siyvarulSia... mxolod qal-
Ta gulebis dapyrobiT SeiZleba, gaeqces sinamdviles...

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2. ... is farisevlobis winaaRmdegia.

surs, gawyvitos yovelgvari kavSiri sazogadoebasTan... is ze-
puri sazogadoebis winaaRmdegia~.
zurab yifSiZe TamaSobda meamboxe pirovnebasac, cini-
kos aristrokratsac, qalebis giJmaJ gulTampyrobelsac (mi-
si TandaswrebiT nebismieri wodebisa Tu mdgomareobis qali
SeuZlebelia ekuTvnodes sxvas! mas da mxolod mas ekuTvnis
TiToeuli maTgani, oRond am mizans aRwevda aSikobis niWiT
da ara `dampyroblis~ gulzviadobiT), moCvenebiTad monaniebis
msurvelsac, gulgrilsac da gulmxurvalesac, ironiulsac
da goniT racios primatsac. am ferebis gradaciiT qmnida sis-
xlsavse niRabs, romlis xerxemali, mTavari feri da bgera
iyo Rirseba da darwmunebis unari. reJisoris mier ise iyo
agebuli komandoris qandakebis `gamocxadebis~ epizodi, rom
iqmneboda kritikuli situacia: urwmuno Juani mistikur ga-
remoSi! da ... Juanis Sinagan samyaroSi Cawnexil fiqrsa Tu
sevdas, boRmasa Tu javrs protestis forma mieniWa, Semdeg
aRmoskda, rogorc wylis Wavli, SeiZina dramtuli siZli-
ere da Smagi ritmi. mwvane mosacmeliT damSvenebuli (mwvane,
damamSvidebeli feri aq mZafri movlenis kontrasts qmnida),
Secbunebuli Juani axla pirdapir mayurebels mimarTavda. misi
mZvinvare a‘ parte, TiTqos, darbazSi medidurad gayursul
farisevlebs pirSi axlida simarTles, Sinaganad amxedrebuli
gamoxatavda pirovnul daumorCileblobas!
am protestis gamosaxvas msaxiobi sxvadasxva xarisxiTa da
ferebiT aRwevda elvirasTan, mis ZmebTan, sganarelTan, mamas-
Tan, TviT soflis anc gogonebTan urTierTobiT, Juani usw-
rafesad icvlida `fersa da znes~. scenebi ara marto gansxva-
vebuli tempo-ritmiT mihyavda msaxiobs, aramed kontrastuli
ferebiT, TviT xmis modulaciis cvlilebiTac warmosaxavda
sxvadasxva movlenaSi niRbis mkveTr tranformacias, am sxva-
obis mizani, ra Tqma unda, Juanis TvalTmaqcobis xarisxs
warmoaCenda, magram umTavresi mainc Tavad msaxiobis mdidar
warmosaxvaze, elastikur fsiqofizikur aparatsa da azrovne-
bis masStabze miuTiTebda.

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 maradi berika

axla Cinebuli msaxioburi ansamblidan mokarnaxes gamov-

yof. es roli reJisoris SeTxzulia da laura rexviaSvi-
lis improvizaciuli, samoedno Teatris dauridebeli Jestisa
da gulRia Sefasebebis gamoyenebiT, marginaluri dinebidan
erT-erT mniSvnelovan niRbad Camoyalibda. lauras mdidari
msaxioburi monacemebi: plastiuroba, metyvelebis kultura,
partnioris SegrZneba, musikaluroba, reJisoruli gadawy-
vetis Sinaganad gaTaviseba, hi perboluri azrovneba, iumori,
xasiaTis mTlianobaSi xedvis unari, teqnika, mTeli sisruliT
gamovlinda am roliT. TamaSis wess uzadod gamoxatavda pe-
danti da gulmxurvale mokarnaxe, romlis gaazrebulma Ses-
rulebam organulad warmosaxa sanaxaobis mxatvruli gadawy-
vetis princi pi _ `Teatri TeatrSi~.
laura am `provinciuli Teatris~ mTavari figura, mkveT-
ri feri, bgera, “intonacia~ gaxldaT. is saqmianad modioda
Tavis TeatrSi, Tanac yvelaze adre. dagrexili, rweviT adi-
oda scenaze. Sav qvedatanze muqi lurji, yelamde Sekruli
zedatani ecva da Tavze Camofxatuli hqonda mzis saCrdilo-
beli. badeSi Cadebuli sanovagiT Tavisi adgilsamyofelisken
midioda. gzad amowmebda dekoracias, xeliT wmendda mtvers
butaforiul nivTebs da ukmayofilod buzRunebda. is scenis
`mepatrone~ gaxldaT, sisufTavisa da wesrigis `sadarajoze
idga~! erT-erT repeticiaze batonma miSam msaxiobebs ganumarta:
`mokarnaxe am Teatris erTguli gulSematkivaria, hgonia, rom
yvelaferi mas exeba. is profkavSiris Tavmjdomarea. yvelas
namuSevars amowmebs, gansakuTrebiT damlageblebs ar indobs,
sul SeniSvnebs aZlevs da emuqreba. arc msaxiobebi hyavs karg
dReSi. teqstis damaxinjebas aravis apatiebs, mkacrad icavs
wesrigs. imdenad gulubryviloa, rom speqtaklis dros Tavda-
viwyebiT moqmedebaSi erTveba. msaxiobobaze ocnebobda, magram
ar gamouvida, axla brazobs, roca teqsts cvlian, replika
aviwydebaT, droze ar Semodian... yvelas akritikebs~...
laura am miTiTebebs Sinagani `smeniT~ iRebda, Tavis msa-
xiobur talRaze gadahqonda. misTvis reJisoris axsna, TiTqos,
sanoto sistemiT gamoxatuli rolis partitura gaxldaT.
`saqcielTa enaze~ myisierad gadahqonda es `niSanTa sistema~,

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amsxvilebda da `fer-xorcs~ hmatebda reJisoris karnaxs. im-

provizaciuli gaqanebiT axal-axal Sefasebebs, saqcielsa Tu
intonacias agnebda. misi elastiuri fsiqofizikuri aparati,
mzadyofniT egebeboda reJisoris yovel karnaxs, partnioris
naucbaTev mignebas da maTze reagirebda myisierad da gaxele-
biT. zogjer mokarnaxe Tavis samyofelSi ver eteoda, wri-
alebda, miamitad Sehyurebda msaxiobebs, brazobda, icinoda,
tiroda, kuStad Sehyurebda don Juans, mere mSviddeboda,
mgrZnobiared uTanagrZnobda.
provinciuli Teatris scenaze TamaSoben `don Juans~. Tavad
molieric xom Tavdapirvelad moxetiale dass xelmZRvanelobda,
maTi dramaturgic iyo, msaxiobica da reJisoric. am reJiso-
ruli gadawyvetisa da samoedno Teatris farsuli siTamamis
wiaRidan amoizarda lauras mokarnaxe, romelic erTgvarad
`zongis~ funqciasac asrulebda. misi mokarnaxe imdenad iyo
danTqmuli speqtaklis msvlelobaSi, imdenad hqonda gaTavi-
sebuli ambavi, rom miamiti mokarnaxe moqmedebis msvleloba-
Sic ereoda, Tavad warmosTqvamda erT monologs, replikebs
usworebda `provinciel~ msaxiobebs, teqstidan `gadacdenis~
dros ukmayofilod iqnevda Tavs. Juanis saZinebelSi aRmoCenil
lamazmans _ maia faCuaSvils TvalebiT amunaTebda _ Se usir-
cxvilo, aq ras akeTebo. glexis gogonebTan Juanis aSikobis
dros, maTi dacva surda, TiTqos, mfarvelobda kidec; mamasTan
monaniebisTvis misul don Juans keTilad Sehyurebda, mere ro-
ca sganarelma rembrandtis suraTi `Ze SecTomilis dabruneba~
Semoitana, gulCvils siamis Rimilma daufara saxe, TvalebSi ki
kurcxali aukiafda, darbazs TanaziarobisTvis gadaxeda _ xom
xedavT, gamoswordao... mere ki guldaTuTquli, gulmxurvaled,
Wirisuflis datirebiT uambobda mayurebels, ratom da rogor
mokles don Juani. mayurebelTan gulRia dialogiT Teatris
uZvelesi samyaroc gamoisaxa, Sua saukuneebis farsisa da mora-
lites elementebTan erTad, aRorZinebis epoqis moxetiale da-
sis mayurebelTan `gaSinaurebis~ gulubryvilobac warmoCnda.
laura rexviaSvilis mokarnaxe sisxl_xorceuli nawili
iyo gamomgoneblobiTa da TamaSis azartiT aRsavse sanaxaobisa.

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 maradi berika

TavisTvis dgamda?

T umaniSvilis yvelaze idumali, mTrTolvare, sulTa-

TanasaviT mgrZnobiare ganwyobiT dadgmuli da Sesru-
lebuli speqtaklia _ `Cveni patara qalaqi.~ TorTon uail-
deris piesis am variantis avtoria rezo gabriaZe, mxatvari _
iuri gegeSiZe (1981 weli). mistikur_misteriuli tonalobiT
gaTamaSebulia metad yofiTi ambavi, romelic ritualis sakra-
lurobiT aris gancdili da saxierad gamosaxuli. am metad mi-
amitur siuJetSi Caqsovilia Semoqmedis siWarmagis droindeli
fiqrebi, gancdebi, vnebaTaRelva, samyaros usulgulobaze urva.
batoni miSa maradiul sawuxars gvimxels, sevdian ambavs gvi-
ambobs. gulmxurvale mezRapre adamianis miusafar simartoveze,
gulgrilobaze, trfialze, tkivilze, siyvarulis eldasa da
umowyalo sikvdilis iaraze mogviTxrobs da dagvafiqrebs.
ori ojaxis ambavi Tavidan uRrublo simSvidiT miedineba,
magram raodeni tkivili da sevda miaqvT Turme Tan saboloo
gzaze adamianebs, romelTa sulis Zaxili Seusmeneli rCeba
yvelaze axloblebisTvisac ki. mwerlis faqizi, mTrTolvare,
iumoriTa da sevdiT, moliclice impresionistuli ferebiT
Sesrulebuli suraTi Cveulebrivi yofisa, Teatris mier sce-
naze gadatanilia maqmaniviT gamWvirvale, Seuryvneli, mocim-
cime sasceno qmedebiT. reJisorma amoikiTxa faqtis miRma ar-
sebuli mwerlis ufro Rrma, sayovelTao sawuxaris masStabi
da masze aago sulis kvnesiT aRsavse sasceno qmedeba. deta-
lebiT, niuansebiT, metyveli ferebiT gaTamaSebuli sanaxaobis
mTavari ambavi nestanisa da giorgis siyvarulia, romelic
kamkama nakaduliviT aRmocenda, Caiqrola da gauCinarda.
nino burdulis nestani faqizi sulis adamiani gaxldaT
(am rols Semdeg Tamar gegeWkori asrulebda). nino TamaSob-
da ymawvilqalur kopwiaobas, balRur miamitobas, qalur
Jinianobas. is gawonasworebuli, bejiTi, gamWriaxi gonebiT
gamoirCeoda, masSi erTdroulad balRis siancec budobda da

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ymawvilqalis keklucobac. msaxiobi `xmarobda~ Tbil ferebs,

Sinaganad damuxtul vnebaTa Relvas Zunwi, mozomili, mag-
ram saxieri gamosaxvis saSualebiT gadmoscemda. mis TamaSSi
bunebrioba, sasceno simarTle da gamosaxvis faqizi ferebi
organulad erTiandeboda. rolis marcvali, Cemi fiqriT, si-
norCis xelSeuxebloba iyo. msaxiobi sinorCis siwmindes da-
atarebda, rogorc amqveyniur jildos. nestanis siarulis
manera, TiTqos dafrinavso, kidev ufro met momxibvlelobas
aniWebda personaJs. man Tavisi yadric icoda da gulwrfelic
iyo Tavisi siyvarulis winaSe. giorgi alaviZes sxvadasxva
dros TamaSobdnen levan abaSiZe, gegi gujejiani, giorgi pi-
pinaSvilic. nino burdulisa da giorgi pi pinaSvilis tandemi
pirveli grZnobis siwmindes asxivebda, amitomac gansakuTre-
buli tkivili dahyveboda nestanis sinorCis xelyofas, mis
sikvdilsa da giorgis glovas.
mTeli sanaxaobis manZilze ar gtovebs avi winaTgrZnoba,
personaJebis martosulobis gancda, gawvalebs fiqri imazec
_ ramdenad daucvelia adamiani, rogor gvaklia TanagrZnoba,
urTierTsiyvaruli am usulgulobiTa da gulgrilobiT gaZeZ-
gil wuTisofelSi.
mixeil TumaniSvili yovelTvis zustad agnebda nebismie-
ri piesis striqonebs Soris moqceul avtoriseul dedaazrs,
problemas, konkretul konfliqtze agebda ambis ganviTarebas,
magram gamohyofda maradiul satkivarsac, razec miuTiTebda
movlenaTa rigis dinamikiT, sanaxaobis gamokveTili dedaaz-
riT. uailderis piesaSi man amoikiTxa gasuli saukunis meore
naxevris `ukurnebeli seni~ _ martoobis sevda, aRiqva igi
Tanamedroveobis umZimes problemad. ara martosulis dra-
ma, romelmac SeZra XIX saukunis inteleqtualuri samyaro,
aramed martoobis tragikuli gancda, rogorc sazogadoebis
gulgamyinvarebis niSani! adamianis martoobisaTvis gawirvis
sisastike Sedegia kacobriobis Sinagani rRvevisa. batonma mi-
Sam am speqtakliT gamoxata pirovnuli SeSfoTeba samyaros
gauxeSebis, sociumis gulgrilobis, Tavisi arsisagan ada-

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 maradi berika

mianis gaucxoebis gamo. man gulwrfelad aRmosTqva Tavisi

satkivari sociumis pragmatizmze, kacobriobis perspeqtivaze,
gagvando fiqri adamianis sevdasa da miusafrobaze.
msaxiobebma reJisoris koncefcia gamoxates sakraluri
gancdiTa da gamaognebeli sulis rxeviT. rogor aRweven eso-
den saTuTi ganwyobis Seqmnas msaxiobebi _ es saidumloa!
Znelad misagnebia is jadosnuri `sezami~, romelsac mimar-
Tavda TumaniSvili, roca personaJTa urTierTobebs agebda da
romlis gamoxatvisTvis flobdnen misi msaxiobebi am `morzes
anbans~. es ena mxolod maTTvis iyo cnobili da am niuansebiT
iqsoveboda baraTaSvili_imnaiSvilis, xaCiZe-WankvetaZis, Sen-
gelaia_yifSiZis urTierTobebi.
duniac reJisoris SeTxzulia. am usityvod (pirdapiri da
gadataniTi mniSvnelobiT) morCili qalis siyvaruli da sina-
ze arCil gelovanis mimarT, marTlac Zneli SesamCnevi iqnebo-
da, rom ara reJisorisa da natalia Sengelaias faqizi fere-
biT Sesrulebuli portreti. rad Rirs is epizodi, arCilis
sevdian da patriotul replikas, qarTul hangs rom usmenda
dunia, mere iq, sulis siRrmeSi rom aZgerdeboda simi da uC-
veulod rom aRmosTqvamda Zvel, rusul xalxur simReras.
quTaisis koloritis SegrZneba da gamoxatvis faqizi da
ironiuli saSualebani calke msjelobas iTxovs. axla sami
quTaiselis simReras da maTs portrets gavixseneb, romel-
Ta arsebobac speqtakls quTaisur surnelsa da pews hmatebs:
skamze vaJi Camomjdara didi `kepkiani qudiT~, mTeli grZnobiT
ukravs gitaraze, mas qalaqis cnobili mandilosnebi umSvene-
ben mxars. isini mRerian, ara, kargad ki ar mRerian mxolod,
aramed erT mSvenier grafikul Canaxats qmnian, sadac quTai-
sis bulvarze moseirne, an gaSlil sufrasTan moqeife qala-
qis atortmanebuli koloriti isaxeba: mzia arabulis, laura
rexviaSvilis, nodar duglaZis figurebi, maTi dardimanduli,
gadapranWuli simRera, sevdanarevi iumori metismetad STam-
beWdavia. simRerebi daamuSaves giuli daraxveliZem, maia aro-
SiZem, koncertmeisteria marine wulukiZe.

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rogorc cnobilia, revaz gabriaZem erosi manjgalaZisaT-

vis gadmoaqarTula (ufro sworad, Tavisi varianti Seqmna) es
piesa. erosis gardacvalebis Semdeg, misma megobarma giorgi
gegeWkorma, iTamaSa reJisoris asistentis roli. misi dub-
lioria zaza miqaSaviZe. erosi manjgalaZisaTvis zaza metad
axlobeli adamiani gaxldaT. axla, roca is TamaSobs am rols,
meCveneba, TiTqos, Tavis Tayvaniscemasac gamoxatavs ori pirov-
nebis mimarT: ufrosi kolegis _ erosi manjgalaZisa da maswav-
leblis _ mixeil TumaniSvilis mimarT. misi fiqriani mzeriTa
da Tbili iumoriT Tayvaniscemac ikiTxeba Teatris mimarTac.
giorgi gegeWkoris mowveviT batonma miSam kvlav moiwa-
dina ori Taobis dakavSireba. TvalnaTliv warmoaCina Tavisi
Teatris, `TumaniSvilis skolis~ TvisebaTa mniSvneloba da
evoluciis xarisxi. Zveli `Svidkacas~ warmomadgeneli da ki-
nomsaxiobTa Teatris dasi erT enaze metyvelebdnen. es iyo
mTavari. am Sinagani kavSiriT dasturdeboda, rom udidesi
mniSvnelobisaa msaxiobisaTvis saTeatro sametyvelo enis, xe-
lobis floba, mwerlis sityvis saqcielis enaze `Targmnis~
ostatoba da axali mTlianobis, axali sicocxlis dabade-
bisaTvis erTiani ZalisxmeviT moqmedeba. am dasis nebismieri
namuSevriT, warumatebeli speqtaklebiTac ki, iseve, rogorc
rusTavelelTa mTeli Taobis, simbolurad _`Svidkacas~ sas-
ceno qmnilebebiT, dasturdeba `TumaniSvilis skolis~ arse-
bobis faqti, misi Zala da xibli.

***
batoni miSa premieris win yovelTvis cdilobda, daeZlia
tradiciuli Sinagani Zrwola, msaxiobebs rom ar gadasdebo-
daT misi mRelvareba. 5 Tebervals, diliT, TeatrSi mivakiTxe
da winaswar mivuloce xvalindeli dabadebis dRe. mTxova,
Tu dro gaqvT, repeticiis Semdeg CemTan wavideTo, xval
xom mainc unda moxvideTo. Cven lojiaSi, mrgval magidasTan
movkalaTdiT. uamravi foto ewyo magidaze. premieris Semdeg

187
 maradi berika

Jurnalists unda Sexvedroda da emzadeboda, ramdenime deta-

lis gadamowmeba undoda, fotoebis SerCevac surda. fotoebs
vaTvalierebdi. mere miTxra: `mousvenrad var, am speqtakls
Cemze da CemTvis vdgam, xom maqvs amis ufleba! araferia, mayu-
rebeli Tu ar gveyoleba, Tu ar gamogviva, magram mgoni, kar-
gi piri uCans~. Sevaqe speqtakli. man ganagrZo: `mxatvrebi ra
bednierebi arian, sakuTari ganwyoba saRebavebiTa da funjiT
gadaaqvT tiloze. me ki, TavSi aTasi azri mitrialebs, Cemi
ganwyoba cocxali msaxiobebiT, cocxali ferebiT unda gadavi-
tano scenaze. jer maT unda vagrZnobino, avuxsna, gavagebino...
mere maTi urTierTobebi gadavaqcio movlenad, Sevqmna scenaze
cxovreba... `qalaqs~ CemTvis vdgam, Cems satkivarze, Cems ganc-
debze, Cems ganwyobaze, ufleba maqvs, ar mitrialebdes TavSi
Casafrebuli kritikosis moqirqile saxe... am dadgmiT minda
yvelas vuTxra: patara adamianuri vnebebi, survilebi, dapi-
rispirebani, warumateblobis sawuxari _ fusfusia, amaoebaa!
sxvaTa satkivaris, sixarulisa da ubedurebis daunaxaoba _
saSinelebaa. RmerTo! rogor vcxovrobT, erTmaneTs ar vusmenT,
ver vamCnevT, ver TanavugrZnobT! es sazarelia!~
mas vusmen da Tan fotoebs banqos qaRaldiviT valageb,
TiTqos, pasianss vTamaSob: aq, axalgazrdaa, Savi gruza Tma
aqvs da TvalebSi naperwkali uelavs; aq, Sinaganad gasxivosne-
buli da imediania; aq, mtkice gamoxedva aqvs; aq, ukve WaRara
Sehparvia da gamoxedvac fiqriania; aq, sevda gamokrTis da
TvalTa sxivic odnav Camcxralia; aq, sanaxevrod gaWaRarave-
bulia da miusafroba krTis gamoxedvaSi; aq, gamoxedva or-
Wofulia da daeWvebuli Semomyurebs; aq, brZenis sidinje da
berikas siance gamokrTis Rimiliani saxidan; aq, daRlili da
sevdiania... mSfoTvare ganwyobis nakvalevic SeimCneva da sixa-
rulic `JRurtulebs~ mis saxeze... mTeli misi cxovreba gada-
meSala Tvalwin. ramdenime fotos im `saTeatro bataliebis~
kvali Zalumad etyoba, Tvali maTze SevaCere da gavifiqre _
uecriv motyda. batoni miSas xma Camesma: `ara aqvs azri amis
musirebas _ esec amaoebaa! fuWia im gancdasTan SedarebiT, ra-

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sac gamomgoneblobis, mignebis, SeTxzvis saswauli ganiWebs~.

ramdenime usiamovno faqti gamaxsenda, Cemi kolegebis mrisxane
mZulvareba damidga Tvalwin.
batoni miSa axla mexsierebaze da mimteveblobaze saubrobs:
`mec qristiani var~, vTqvi da ramdenime fotoze mivuTiTe: `ga-
ixseneT, ra dramatuli movlenebis Sedegia es~... ar davamTav-
re. karga xans Cumad viyaviT. fotoebs varCevdi. mere, uecrad
warmovTqvi: `CemTvis, rogorc TviTmxilvelisaTvis, Znelia ase
erTbaSad gadavSalo movlenebi. ar SemiZlia, jer amisaTvis
mzad ara var!~ is dums. ukve Senelebuli aqvs moZraobebi, Cve-
ulebisamebr, welgamarTuli ki zis skamze... magram Sinaganad
gatexilia! samocdaori wlis gaxda da ukve etyoba SfoTiani
warsulis simZime, ra aris samocdaori weli! es siWarmagis
asakia! mas ki... saSineli tkivili SevigrZeni, Sinaganad avfo-
riaqdi: ratom devnidnen ase umowyalod?! rogori banaluria
mizezi mTeli im `bataliebisa~, romelTa mZvinvareba axlac ki
Tavs axsenebs! Cems fiqrs Seexmiana: `kargad maxsovs yvelafe-
ri, uTuod, axla ganicdian, nanoben! iZulebuli var, maTTan
saqmiani urTierToba mqondes, Cems ukan axlgazrda dasia, maT
unda vupatrono...~ ar mikiTxavs vis gulisxmobda da mivuge:
`jer sajarod aravis gamouTqvams sinanuli, oficialurad da
sajarod mitevebac aravis uTxovia. piriqiT, kuluarebSi Tavs
iqeben, mogonebebsac daweren da Tavs `simarTlis damcvelad~
warmoaCenen, wignebsac daweren da ar SeakrTobT _ cxadad,
Tu namalevad TiToeulma ramdeni dartyma mogayenaT... ra vu-
yo Cems mexsierebas? ar aris gamoricxuli, rom ganmeordes
igive, ukve sxvis mimarT. Cems amocanas imaSic vxedav, rom
gadavarCino niWieri adamiani amgvari devnisagan~. ar maxsendeba
detalebi. kidev raRacas vuxsni, gavixsene ori wlis winaT,
rodesac kinomsaxiobTa TeatrSi Cinebuli iubile gadavuxadeT
da scenaze gaTamaSda `im periodis~ movlenebi, rogor aboboq-
rdnen Cemi kolegebi da rogor damesxnen Tavs: `es sinanulis
Sedegia?~ _CavekiTxe da gavyuCdi. batoni miSa dumda.
gamaxsenda kote maxaraZis sinanuliT naTqvami. Cven rus-
Tavelis Teatris foieSi vsaubrobdiT reJisuraze. gavixseneT

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tagankis Teatris Tbilisuri gastroelbic. man sevdanarevi

sinanuliT gamando: `xom matkina miSam guli, verc Sen gada-
urCi misgan gulis tkenas, magram masTan urTierTobis xibls,
sixaruls ver viviwyebT. ver daviviwyeb im bednier wuTebs,
jadoqariviT rom Zerwavda da qmnida scenaze cxovrebas... am-
deni rom ar ertyaT TavSi, amdeni usamarTlo braldebebi da
devna rom ar gadaetana, amdeni sibinZure da avyiaoba rom ar
moesmina, kidev ufro gabeduli iqneboda, kidev ufro mets
SesZlebda, kidev ufro Zlierad gamovlindeboda misi fanta-
zia da SeTxzvis unari. miSa arafriT Camouvardeba liubimovs,
efross, TviT tovstonogovsac... tragikuli bedisa aRmoCnda,
Cven yvelam SevuwyeT amas xeli~. gulisyuriT vusmendi da Ca-
vekiTxe: `vin? riTi?~ gaxsnilad mi pasuxa: `yvelam, Svidkacamac
ki, Cveni egoizmiT, sulswrafobiT. ver vpatiobdiT sul mcire
adamianur sisustes, radganac araamqveyniuri, zekaci gvegona.
Cvenze aRmatebuli iyo niWiTac, unariTac, azrovnebis masSta-
biTac, ganswavlulobiTac, profesionalizmiTac. es gvaRizi-
anebda, yvelas gvsurda, mxolod Cvenze ezruna da veWvianob-
diT. maT CavugdeT xelSi, roca TavganwirviT unda dagvecva.
raRac Cakles masSi! es minda, rom icode. ara var umaduri
kaci, arc usamarTlo da amitomac geubnebi, rom ganvicdi da
vwuxvar~. Cemdauneburad xmamaRla warmovTqvi: `ganvicdi da
vwuxvar!~ batoni miSa dumda, zogjer uTqmelad mepaeqreboda.
mere davumate: `Tqven kamaTobT da Tavs icavT speqtaklebiT.
warmodgenebSi Caqsovili saTqmeliT ekamaTebiT da amarcxebT
Tqvens oponentebs. am brZolis velze gamarjveba Tqven ge-
kuTvniT. CemTvis ki erTi gza arsebobs: vi paeqro tribunidan,
statiebiT, naSromebiT. istoriis winaSe Cems pirovnul pasu-
xismgeblobas imaSi vxedav, rom sul mcirediT mainc vimoqmedo
momavlis gadasarCenad. Tundac Cems profesiaSi, erT mokvdavs
rac SeuZlia, is gavakeTo~ (karga xnis Semdeg, roca rusTa-
velis Teatris oTx reJisor-liderze vwerdi, wignis saTau-
ri am dRis gaxsenebam mimagnebina _` momavlis gadasarCenad~).
batoni miSa dumda, Sinaganad aRar kamaTobda. mismenda, mere

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visadileT, mere Teatrisken fexiT gavuyeviT gzas. speqtaklze

miambobda. kinostudiasTan, gzajvaredinze davemSvidobe, maSin
miTxra: `zogjer iseTi Zlieri xarT, gaocebulic ki var!...
zogjer ki iseTi umweo da daucveli, rom guli mtkiva. isini
daundobeli xalxia~...
roca speqtaklis Semdeg mivuloce, oriod dRiswinandeli
dialogi gaixsena da miTxra: `merwmuneT, yvelaferi amiT mTav-
rdeba (sasaflaos gulisxmobda), siyvarulic da mZulvarebac.
imaze vifiqroT, ra kvals vtovebT Cvens Semdeg!.~
mixeil TumaniSvilma datova Tavisi Teatri! datova `Tu-
maniSvilis skola!~
am sko lis, ki nom sa xi ob Ta Te at ris war mo mad gen lebs
er Ti kiTx viT miv mar Te _ `ra ro li mi uZR vis mi xe il Tu-
ma niS vils Tqvens cxov re ba Si, ra mog caT man, ro gorc
pe da gog ma da re Ji sor ma?~
maT mi pasuxes gulwrfelad, sixarulisa da sevdis monacv-
leobiT. vidre maT pasuxebs gagacnobT, erT faqts gavixseneb.
1985 wlis pirveli aprilidan, erTi kviriT, kinomsaxiob-
Ta Teatri sagastrolod ewvia leningrads, axlandel sankt-
peterburgs. warmateba marTlac mniSvnelovani gaxldaT. erT
dRes Teatrs msaxiobTa saxlSi mouwyves Sexvedra, romelic
mihyavda giorgi tovstonogovs. im dReebSi gansakuTrebulad
amaRelvebeli gaxldaT pedagog giorgi tovstonogovisa da
misi mowafis, mixeil TumaniSvilis Sexvedra. maswavlebeli,
rogorc Tanatols, kolegas, ise uziarebda baton miSas STa-
beWdilebebs, mixeil TumaniSvili ki `Segirdis~ mowiwebiT
ismenda misTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovan mosazrebebs.
giorgi tovstonogovma aRniSna:
`amJamad CvenSi iseTi viTarebaa, rom SesaZlebelia, #
reJisori moulodnelad saTaveSi Caudges # Teatrs, xval
igi SeiZleba sxva TeatrSi gadaiyvanon, axla sxva Caudges sa-
TaveSi pirvel Teatrs. Ees imitom xdeba, rom arc reJisors
da arc Teatrs Tavisi gamokveTili xelovnebiseuli koncef-

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 maradi berika

cia ar gaaCnia. Ggamonaklisi, ra Tqma unda, arsebobs. Dda me

mixaria, rom qarTuli Teatri am TvalsazrisiTac gamonakli-
sia. mxedvelobaSi maqvs is garemoeba, rom qarTul TeatrSi
arian reJisori-liderebi, amitomac arseboben gamokveTili
individualobis Teatrebi. erT-erTi maTgani mixeil TumaniS-
vilia, Tavisi mowafeebiT – erTmorwmune dasiT. Aaxla, ro-
desac Cveni profesia, reJisura, kriziss ganicdis, udides
mniSvnelobas iZens swored lideris arseboba. Ees sakiTxi
kinomsaxiobTa TeatrSi gadawyvetilia. da radganac mixeil
TumaniSvilma icis, saiT mihyavs dasi, gamudmebiT fiqrobs sa-
vali gzis daxvewaze. daJinebiT eZiebs optimalur saSualebebs,
rac mTavaria, gulwrfelia da araviTar iluzias ar uqmnis
arc dass da arc mayurebels, realurad afasebs viTarebas _
misi Teatric `cocxali Teatria~, ZiebaTa Teatria, mignebaTa
saswaulmoqmedi Teatria.
ram ganapiroba maTi speqtaklebis cocxali, mudmivmoqmedi,
Sinagani energiiT aRmomskdari moulodnelobaTa foierverki?
Cemi azriT, upirvelesad, im orma Tvisebam, romelsac Tan-
daTan hkargavs Tanamedrove sasceno xelovneba. es gaxlavT
studiuroba da mudmivmoqmedi improvizacia. Cveni saukunis da-
sawyisidan 20-ian wlebamde marto ruseTSi eqvsasamde studia
arsebobda. isini iqmnebodnen garkveuli saTeatro esTetikis
dasamkvidreblad, Semdgom zogierTi maTgani aRmoCenaTa aspa-
rezad iqca (magaliTad, studia `povorskoize~, konstantine
stanislavskisa da vsevolod meierxoldis xelmZRvanelobiT,
sadac `daibada~ stanislavskis sistema). zogierTi maTgani
swrafad iSleboda, zogma ki safuZveli daudo SemdgomSi aka-
demiur Teatrs (amis saukeTeso magaliTia evgeni vaxtangovi
da misi studia, romelic Teatrad Camoyalibda). roca saTe-
atro koleqtivi am Tvisebas kargavs, igi ara marto iStampeba,
aramed erT adgilze Cerdeba. `cocxali Teatris~ safuZveli
swored mis studiurobaSi unda daiZebnos. studiuroba is
Tvisebaa, romelic ara marto aduRabebs, Zlieri nebiT hkravs
koleqtivs, aramed mis sasicocxlo arteriasac warmoadgens.

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qarTul kinomsaxiobTa Teatris dvritac, vgoneb, es Tviseba

gaxlavT. Aamitomac imsaxurebs igi specialistTa sagangebo
yuradRebas. Aamas mowmobs is didi warmateba, rac moskovSi
hqonda Teatrs, leningradeli Teatraluri sazogadoebriobis
daintereseba uTuod amanac gamoiwvia.
vfiqrob, Tavad studiurobis cnebaa gafarToebuli mixe-
il TumaniSvilis amJamindel moRvaweobaSi. trenaJis formebi,
romelsac igi iyenebs axalgazrdebTan, sagangebo yuradRebas
imsaxurebs. Eelvare scenuri mignebanic, gadamdebi, laRi da
msubuqi improvizaciuli Sesrulebac uTuod am savarjiSoeb-
Sic iRebs dasabams. amitomacaa, rom arc erTi niuansi, msaxio-
bis arc erTi Strixi ar ikargeba, TviT usityvo rolic ki ase
Zlierad ikiTxeba speqtaklebSi. niWieri axalgazrdebi arian,
profesionalebi arian, am sityvis yvelaze maRali gagebiT.
me vamayob, rom mixeil TumaniSvilis pedagogi var, vamayob,
rom miSas aseTi Teatri aqvs, vamayob da mixaria qarTuli Teat-
ris warmateba. vTvli, rom es Teatri, misi speqtakli `don Jua-
ni~ uTuod did warmatebas da aRiarebas moi povebs avinionis fes-
tivalze~ (gazeTi `literaturuli saqarTvelo~, 28, VI, 1985)

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 maradi berika

Segirdebi saubroben guruze

` masTan urTierToba zeimi iyo ~
(gia abesalaSvili)

g ia abesalaSvili iumoriT aRsavse adamiania. gamudme-

biT eSmakuri Rimili dasTamaSebs pirisaxeze, Tva-
lebSi naperwklebi uelavs. Aase mgonia, sul imis fiqrSia, ra
maxe dagigos, gamasxrebis ostatia, aTas xriks gamoigonebs
repeticiis drosac, moulodneli svlebis mignebac ZaluZs.
SesaZloa, swored es xiblavda masSi mixeil TumaniSvils. Cven
TeatrSi vsaubrobT. Mmiuxedavad imisa, rom mZime iyo CvenTvis
baton miSaze warsul droSi saubari, mainc naTeli RimiliT
miambobda Tavis maswavlebelze:
`am dReebSi sul vfiqrob, vin iyo CemTvis batoni miSa,
ra roli ganekuTvneba Cems cxovrebaSi _ zustad verc vagneb
im sityvas, rom srulad gamovTqva, rasac vgrZnob. pirdapir
vityvi _ man mTeli cxovreba Semicvala, Tanac Zirfesvianad.
Sinagani konstitucia Semicvala, TiTqos, xelaxla davibade.
vswavlobdi saxelmwifo universitetSi, ekonomikis fakul-
tetis mosamzadebel kursze. erT dRes quCaSi gamaCeres, ki-
nostudiaSi wamiyvanes, rolze `damamtkices~ da oTxi TviT
cimbirSi amovyavi Tavi. Temur falavandiSvili iRebda films _
`werilebi bamidan~. universitetSi vinRa damabrunebda. davrCi
`quCaSi~. rezo CxeiZem mi patrona, kinomsaxiobTa TeatrSi mo-
miyvana. scenis muSac viyavi, gamnaTebelic, masobriv scenebSic
vmonawileobdi. msaxioboba ar mindoda, eseni normaluri xal-
xi ar megona. Ddadiodnen foieSi, kulisebSi, scenaze da sul
raRacas butbutebdnen: bdga, bdgi, bdgo... teqsts imeorebdnen,
varjiSobdnen, raRacas Txzavdnen, sul moZraobdnen.
erT dRes scenaze gamiyvanes, davaleba momces. Bbatoni miSa
meubneba: `xom ginda msaxioboba, hoda, axla gviCvene, ra SegiZ-
lia!~ Sevxede da mSvidad vuTxari: `msaxioboba ar minda~. SeCerda,
damakvirda da gaocebulma miTxra: `aba, aq ra ginda?!~ repeticiis
Semdeg damiZaxa, didxans mesaubra, amixsna, ra aris `artistoba~.

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damTavrda Cemi umizno xetiali! im dRidan raRac moxda CemSi,

gardatexa moxda! sxvanairad daviwye fiqri, azrovneba, cxovre-
baze dakvirveba. 1980 wels Cavabare Teatraluri institutis
eqsperimentul jgufSi, gavxdi TumaniSvilis mowafe.
fridon sulaberiZis xelmZRvanelobiT vswavlobdi cek-
vas, davdiodi nino ramiSvilis repeticiebzec. reJimi CemTvis
ucxo ar iyo, magram rac TumaniSvilTan vnaxe, es sul sxva
ram iyo. Mme vnaxe Tavis xelobaze ase fanatikurad Seyvarebu-
li, TeatrisTvis ase Tavdadebuli, Sewiruli adamiani.
Cvens jgufs kinostudiis erT SenobaSi gamogviyves darba-
zi. movawyeT `Teatri~. Ddilidan saRamomde, zogjer RamiTac
vmuSaobdiT. vdgamdiT etiudebs, nawyvetebs, piesebs, vTxzav-
diT ambebs, vvarjiSobdiT. …
roca batoni miSa gaiRimebda, Tvalebi gaufarTovdeboda
da xels ulvaSebze gadaisvamda, vxvdebodiT, rom moswonda
Cveni TamaSi. MmasTan urTierToba zeimi iyo, namdvili dRe-
saswauli. mTeli cxovreba maocebda dausrulebeli fantaziiT,
gamaognebeli aRmoCenebiT, SeTxzvis unariT. ise msubuqad mih-
yavdi moulodneli svlebis mignebisaken, ise aagebda rolis
`ConCxs~ da mere Sen advilad Semosavdi fer-xorciT, rom
yvelaferi sakuTari migneba gegona da gixaroda, Tavisufleba
mogwonda da laRobdi.
roca `zafxulis Ramis sizmarze~ vmuSaobdiT, saSineli
pirobebi gvqonda: sibnele, sicive, uimedoba ... Cven ki lamaz
sanaxaobas vTxzavdiT. Eetiudebs vigonebdiT da improvizaci-
iTY imave ambavs Cveni TvalTaxedviT warmovadgendiT. saerTod
aRar gvaxsovda gausaZlisi yofa.… iseT etiudebs vTamaSobdiT,
rom scenaze maTi warmodgena, marTlac, saintereso iqnebo-
da. tyeSi rom varT hermia, elene, lisandri da demetriosi,
iseT etiudebs vTxzavdiT, rom drois SegrZnebas vkargavdiT.
RamiT gagviyvanda kinostudiis stadionTan, patara naZvnarSi,
e.i. tyeSi. iq vTamaSobdiT, rom gvegrZno, ras niSnavs tyeSi
marto yofna. mec miyvarda gamomgonebloba, erTi etiudi gama-
keTebina, sadac cxenidan gadmovardebi, vecemi. Aavdeqi da li-
ukSi leibi davage, mere bade gavabi, Sig oqros da vercxlis
Tevzebi Cavyare. TviTon gamovWeri, cxenidan rom Camovvardi,
im ormoSi Cavxti, mere gawuwuli, badiT da TevzebiT amove-

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 maradi berika

di. Bbevri icina, skamis zurgze gadawva da xarxarebda. sul

eSinoda, liukSi rom Cavarde, marTla ar moitexo kiserio.
bolos amoviReT es epizodi. Zalian grZeli gamovida, saSiSic
aRmoCnda, teqnikurad Zneli iqneboda yovel speqtaklze uxi-
faTod Caxtoma-amoZroma, Tanac batoni miSa Tvlida, rom ar
SeiZleba mayureblis daZabva, SeSineba, neta rame ar mouvides
msaxiobso, am speqtaklSi es ar SeiZlebao.
sul meubneoda, rom demetriosi nazi, mSiSara, abezari
ti pia. Yyvela mSiSara da mxdali ki gabeduls TamaSobs da yve-
laferzea wamsvlelio. Hhermias imitom gadaekida, rom mdidari
da gavleniani aTeneli didebulis qaliSvilia. tyeSi rom mox-
vda, SiSisagan tlanqi gaxda, gorilas daemsgavsao. rogorc ki
gorila axsena, im wamsve wamovxti, gavibere, xelebi mkerdze
daviSine da raRac xmebi aRmomxda. Sens sxeulze, Sens indivi-
dualur monacemebze `aWrida~ rolis garegnul monaxazs.
zogjer repeticiaze… omis ambebs ixsenebda. Ppirvelad
tyved gasaocar viTarebaSi Cavarda: sangarSi iwva, saSineli
gruxuni, afeTqebis xmebi, srola, yvirili esmoda. Mmere Sewy-
da xmauri. siCumea. Kkarga xans iwva sangarSi. Mmere wamodga,
mindori dainaxa, arc erTi Senoba da xe ar idga. Mmxolod
gvamebi, iaraRis grova da... yvavilebi. Ddauwyia yvavilebis
Segroveba da gvirgvinis Sekvra. ucbad, patara miwayrilidan
stvena Semoesma, xels uqnevdnen, Tavisianebi egona da maTken
wavida. Ggermanelebi aRmoCndnen, gaognebulebi uyurebdnen, am
jojoxeTSi is gvirgvins rogor wnavda. tyved aiyvanes. mere
gaiqca erT jariskacTan erTad. isev daiWires da daxvretdnen,
partizanebs rom ar moeswroT. Aamas rom miambobda, Tan Cems
personaJze akeTebda aqcents. sainteresod hyveboda ambebs da
Tan gibiZgebda, rom gageTavisebina, sakuTar Tavze `gadageta-
na~ es ambavi, gegrZno, ras ganicdis adamiani aseT wuTebSi,
ras akeTebs am dros. ise `mogargebda~ rols, TiTqos, SenTvis
daiwera es saxeo. sinamdvileSi roli man `gaakeTa~, Sen mxo-
lod Seasrule, magram darwmunebuli iyavi, rom Sen Seqmeni es
personaJi. Tanac ise aagebda rols, rom misi dangreva SeuZle-
beli xdeboda. Aamdeni welia vTamaSobT `bakulas~, `qalaqs~,
`sizmars~, `amfitrions~ da ar daSlila speqtaklebi.…
sul gveubneboda: iareT bazarSi, daakvirdiT xalxs, dai-

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maxsovreT, eqstremalur situaciaSi rogor iqcevian adamiane-

bi. erTxel, dakrZalvaze varT, ezoSi vdgavarT, Cvens gverdiT
aRmoCnda micvalebulis SviliSvili, ase 12-14 wlis biWi. ba-
toni miSa meubneba: `naxe, rogor tiris biWi!~ vuyureb ymawvils,
ar tiris, Tavi maRla aqvs aweuli: `rodis tiris?~- vekiTxebi
baton miSas. is ki dakvirvebiT mixsnis:P `biWs ar unda, rom
SeamCnioT cremlebi.Aamitomac maRla iyureba, Tvalebi cremle-
biT aqvs savse, magram quTuToebs ar axamxamebs, rom cremlebi
Rawvebze ar Camougordes. Ees xasiaTia, Tanac rogori unika-
luri!~ nebismier Temaze SemeZlo masTan saubari, saidumlos
gamxela, satkivaris gaziareba. aseTi axlobeli, RviZli, aseTi
Seniani, amasTanave, aseTi momTxovni da mkacri... aseTi keTili
da gamgebiani pirovneba TeatrSi ar Semxvedria...~
gia abesalaSvili demetriosis rolSi laR iumors badeb-
da, misi saqcieli, qcevaTa logika da garegnoba Seusabamo iyo,
es kontrasti TavisTavad iwvevda Rimils. maRali, awowili,
brge aRnagobis, moqnili sxeulis ymawvili kaci, balRiviT
Jiniani da `azizmazizi~ xdeboda, roca winaaRmdegobas uwev-
dnen. hercogTan da egeosTan morCilad eWira Tavi, lisandrs
qedmaRlurad Sehyurebda, elenes... Tavxedurad icilebda Tavi-
dan. Mmas miznis misaRwevad, hermias mosapoveblad, yvelaferi
gaTvlili hqonda: rogor unda daeWira hercogTan Tavi, ege-
osisTvis rogor unda gamxdariyo sasurveli sasiZo, rogor
unda dasxltomoda elenes ... is ki ar dadioda, WinkasaviT
dahqroda, msubuqad da Tavmomwoned. Ggogi aleqsi-mesxiSvi-
lis Zalze abstraqtuli, saxieri scenografia da Tanamed-
rove kostiumebi, ia sakandeliZis mier Cinebulad SerCeuli
musika, naTlad warmoaCenda reJisorul Canafiqrs: antikuri
aTenis ambavi mas Tanamedrove yofaSi hqonda `gadmotanili~
(Seqspiris teqstis montaJi iyo mxolod Sesrulebuli), amaze
metyvelebda personaJebis saqcielTa rigi, maTi urTierTobebi,
laparakisa da Tavis daWeris manera. Ddemetriosis garegnoba,
Cacmuloba, saqcielic modernuli cxovrebis yaidaze iyo `ga-
moWrili~. is Tanamedrove TavkerZa ymawvili Canda, jiutic
da mfrTxalic erTsa da imave dros.

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 maradi berika

` skolaa yvelaze Rirebuli! ...~

(amiran amiranaSvili)

a miran amiranaSvils did pativs vcem. vTvli, rom `Tu-

maniSvilis skolis~ erT-erTi mniSvnelovani warmo-
madgenelia. yovelTvis interesiT vuyurebdi, rogor muSaobda
repeticiaze, rogori sidinjiT ukvirdeboda TumaniSvilis
SemoTavazebul variants da rogor gardaqmnida reJisoris mi-
TiTebebs sakuTari xedvis prizmaSi. zogjer iseTi STabeW-
dileba iqmneboda, rom unisonSi muSaobdnen, erTi iwyebda,
meore agrZelebda, erTi Temas karnaxobda, meore variaciebad
gardaqmnida, isev amuSavebda _ randavda, xvewda siRrmesa da
simsubuqes aniWebda, mere isev amowmebdnen oriveni mignebuls
da axal variants, axal svlas eZiebdnen, isev erTad, erTmane-
Tis mignebaTa azriani SefasebiT. aseTi Tanaxmieri TanamSrom-
loba SemTxveviT ar dabadebula. batoni miSa masSi xedavda
berikas, im berikaTa Rirseul STamomavals, romelTa anci,
laRi, Tavneba TamaSi aremares ayruebda yvelieris dReeb-
Si, soflidan sofelSi gadahqondaT sanaxaobis ritualuri
wyobac da maxvilgonierebiT azvirTebuli ritmebic. Teatris
arqeti puli samyarodan `aRmoCenili~ berika, improvizaciuli
TavisuflebiT, sxarti SefasebiT, iumoriT, motivirebuli
qceviT, maxvili replikebiT azartuli moTamaSe gaxldaT da
amdenad, TumaniSvilisaTvis metad mimzidveli artistic. azar-
tuli TamaSis stiqiaa Casaxlebuli amiranis sulSi, romelic
borgavs, grgvinavs, ver isvenebs da sasceno ficarnagze moaqvs
mTeli avla-dideba mcxunvare dResaswaulisa. am improvizebul
Tavisuflebasa da TamaSis azarts yvelaze metad afasebda Tu-
maniSvili. guli damwyda, roca safrangeTs gaemgzavra, yovel
Sexvedraze vaxsenebdi, rom dabrunebuls sakuTar TeatrSi
TamaSi ar gadaefiqrebina. amiran amiranaSvili `TumaniSvilis
Teatris~ erT-erTi kaSkaSa feri da TvalsaCino berikaa.
Cven mravalwliani guliTadi urTierToba gvakavSirebs,

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 naTela arvelaZe

amitomac ar gamWirvebia misi gankerZoebulobis `cixe-simag-

ris~ aReba. asec miTxra, pirveli Sexvedrisas: `baton miSaze
TqvenTan sasaubrod yovelTvis mzad var.~ Cven karga xania ar
SevxvedrivarT erTmaneTs, xval dilis aT saaTze gelodebiTo,
_ miTxra da axalgazrda msaxiobebTan muSaoba daiwyo. es Sex-
vedra mainc gardauvali iyo, masze karga xania araferi msme-
nia da mindoda, isic Semetyo, ras apirebs axla. meore dRes,
repeticiis dawyebamde, mivakiTxe kinomsaxiobTa TeatrSi. sa-
repeticio darbazSi, grZeli magidis TavSi ijda, teqstze
muSaobda, Tan musikas usmenda. aq, Cveulebisamebr, reJisorebi
sxdebian. is axla `hamlets~ dgams. orive viciniT. gulTbili
mokiTxvis Semdeg, amirani iwyebs Tavis monologs:
`roca davbrundi safrangeTidan, speqtaklebs veswrebodi
sxvadasxva TeatrSi, gavecani msaxiobTa yofas, maTs cxovrebas
xelovnebaSi, gansakuTrebiT axalgazrdobis mdgomareobas da
gavogndi. Taoba iseT dReSia, isea dabneuli, daSlili, rom
male problemad eqceva sazogadoebasac da saxelmwifosac. ga-
na SeiZleba Taobam raime axali, raime mniSvnelovani ar Tqvas
scenidan? raRac idea ar SemogvTavazos, raRac princi pis
warmoCena ar surdes? Tu ara axla, am asakSi, maS rodis?
ideebi xom 10-15 weliwadSi icvlebian, maT axali Taoba da
sxva princi pebi enacvlebian. mere sxvebma unda sTqvan raime
mniSvnelovani! kidev... guli damwyda, rom maTSi skola, mi-
si princi pebi ver SevigrZeni, ver aRmovaCine. ai, amitomac
gadavwyvite, sxvadasxva Teatridan Sevkribo 11 msaxiobi, 11
enTuziasti da vimuSao maTTan. etiudebze an intermediebsa Tu
savarjiSoebze ki ar vamuSao, aramed davdga speqtakli, Tanac
avirCie maRali xarisxis piesa, Seqspiri! minda vagrZnobino
maT profesiuli azrovnebis, ostatobis, gamudmebuli Ziebis
xibli, skolis mniSvneloba, minda gamovumuSao rolze damou-
kideblad muSaobis unari, Tavis Tavze muSaobis moTxovnileba.
Tu erTxel mainc dauSvi, rom ostati xar _ Zieba dasrul-
da! da axla SegiZlia mxolod genialurad iTamaSo, marTlac
damTavrdeba yvelaferi! gamudmebuli Zieba, muSaoba, varjiSi
... esaa Zalze mniSvnelovani, ise konkurencias ver gauZleb!

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 maradi berika

WeSmariti profesionali ver dauSvebs arsebobas TamaSis, Zi-

ebis, varjiSis gareSe.
ar vapireb reJisorebis kohortaSi Caweras. msaxiobi var,
TamaSis gareSe ver gavZleb, magram axla sxva amocana davisaxe:
minda Cemi gamocdileba, aq Tu ucxoeTSi dagrovili codna,
saSemsruleblo kulturis Tanamedrove miRwevebis Taobaze
informacia gadavce Cems axalgazrda kolegebs. gansakuTrebiT
is minda, rom TumaniSvilis skolis mniSvneloba ganvumarto
da vagrZnobino am enTuziastebs. minda, gaacnobieron, ras gaZ-
levda TumaniSvili, rogorc pedagogi, ras gaZlevda, rogorc
reJisori, raTa gaacnobieron: skola, meTodi, swavleba _ esaa
is myari safuZveli, romelzec SegiZlia, aago Seni samsaxiobo
moRvaweoba. skolis gareSe Rirebuls verafers Seqmni.
Cvens speqtaklSi sadadgmo rebusebisa da fokusebis ga-
reSe, msaxiobi gamova scenaze, sadac mxolod eqvsi sveti da
rva kubi iqneba, gamova da unda gviTxras raRac misTvis Zalze
mniSvnelovani, motivirebuli saqcieliT, gaazrebuli TamaSiT!
amis miRweva minda. Taobam unda Tqvas Tavisi saTqmeli, Tqvas
ise, rogorc mas esmis saTeatro idea, gamoTqvas ise, rogorc
mas surs. mere sxvebi movlen da moitanen TavianT ideebs, ga-
moxataven ise, rogorc maT esmiT da surT. ase Seiqmneba ide-
aTa, TaobaTa, gamosaxvis formaTa cvlilebebis procesi. Tu
es ar moxdeba, maSin daikargeba cocxali Teatri. mis aRdgenas
ki Zalze didi dro dasWirdeba.
verasodes gavugeb maT, vinc ambobs mavanze: niWieria, magram
zarmacia. ras niSnavs niWieria, magram muSaoba ezareba? _ es ar
mesmis. niWi, muza, fantazia _ mdgomareobaa, romelic ar gas-
venebs, ar SegiZlia umoqmedod yofna! niWi, unari, monacemebi,
pirovnuli resursebi xelobad unda aqcio! amas gvaswavlida
batoni miSa, esaa misi skolis safuZveli. iq, ucxoeTSi, ki-
dev ufro metad davafase misi skola, is codna da am codnis
praqtikuli gamoyenebis unari, ramac mTlianad Secvala Cemi
cxovreba. batoni miSa, misi repeticiebi, leqciebi, saubrebi
udides codnas, stimuls, gamocdilebas gaZlevda. TumaniSvi-

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 naTela arvelaZe

li uZiro fantaziis, ulevi codnis, praqtikulad gamosadegi

codnis reJisori iyo. iq, ucxoeTSi, `okeanis~ pirispir yofni-
sas, vigrZeni kidev ufro cxadad, misi swavlebis Rirebuleba.
ra sawyenia, rom ucxoeTSi ar dgamda speqtaklebs, maSin xom
kidev ufro metad gaicnobdnen da daafasebdnen. man klasikuri
asafreni biliki Seqmna, sadac ginda, iq gafrindi! rogor vnanob,
rom ucxoeTSi ar atarebda e.w. `masterklasebs~.
sul vfiqrob, ra Semata man Teatrs Tavisi ideiT? moRva-
weobiT? evropuli Teatri gaxda metismetad inteleqtualuri
da moiTxova gaTviTcnobierebuli mayurebelic. miSas Teatri
_ zeimia: ai, es sazeimo muxti Semata man Teatrs, qarTul
Teatrs ki _ inteleqtualuroba. Teatri _ zeimi, Teatri _
inteleqtualuri, magram zeimi! Cemi azriT, esaa TumaniSvilis
Rirebuleba! piter bruki moixibla misi xelovnebiT, sulieri
naTesaoba, axlobloba SeigrZno masTan. marto speqtaklebi ki
ara, misi repeticiebic zeimi iyo. is ideis msaxuri gaxldaT.
roca ar SegiZlia am zeimis gareSe, roca gaTeneba gixaria,
garbixar masTan Sesaxvedrad, ici rom aRmoCenebis kaskadi ge-
lis, roca ver grZnob, rogor garbis dro masTan muSaobisas
_ esaa profesiuli bedniereba. roca Sedegic maRalia, maSin
bednierebis mwvervalze aRmoCndebi. ai, aseTi wuTebis gancdis-
Tvis madlieri var misi. institutSi mis leqciebs veswrebodi.
kote surmavas studenti viyavi, magram baton miSasTanac vi-
yavi. oci weli gavatare mis gverdiT, ufro zustad, vcxov-
robdi masTan erTad TeatrisTvis. amden xans mSoblebTan ar
micxovria. ra bednieri viyaviT mis gverdiT!.
Cemi ambavi klasikuri magaliTia am skolis faseulobisa.
inglisSi gastrolebis dros, batonma miSam piter brukisagan
miiRo winadadeba, rom mis jgufTan daedga parizSi speqtakli,
sTavazobda idealur pirobebs. xom iciT, rogori iyo batoni
miSa. mas Tavisi samyaro hqonda, iq imdenad kargad grZnobda
Tavs, rom Tavisi saweri magidisa da sarepeticio oTaxis miR-
ma yofna ar uyvarda. ai, iq, Tavis samuSao oTaxSi, TeatrSi,
repeticiaze qmnida saocar, saocnebo, mSvenier samyaros ...

201
 maradi berika

marTali brZandebiT, Tanamedrove saTeatro sarbielze rac

xdeboda _ icoda! zog informacias wignebidan, Jurnal-gaze-
Tebidan, aq Camosuli ucxouri dasis warmodgenebidan iRebda,
bevrsac gumaniT xvdeboda. batonma miSam uari Tqva dadgmaze.
maSin piter brukma mec SemomTavaza maTTan muSaoba. molapa-
rakebas awarmoebda misi meuRle, nataSa pari. xom iciT, bruki
wlebis manZilze muSaobs sxvadasxva erovnebis msaxiobebTan.
isini erTad asruleben savarjiSoebs, etiudebs, qmnian sanaxao-
bebs. mas ainteresebs ucxo kulturaTa Tanaarseboba, Tavs uy-
ris gansxvavebul eTnoti pebs, maTi energetikisa Tu temporit-
mis TanaarsebobiT, axal mTlianobas qmnis, ukvirdeba muSaobis
procesSi rogor erTvebian isini. me maTTvis saintereso viyavi,
rogorc ucxo kulturis warmomadgeneli, gansxvavebuli eTno-
ti pi, Tanac mixeil TumaniSvilis Segirdi, misi skolis, misi
Teatris artisti. batonma miSam ar gamiSva. eWviani iyo, ar
uyvarda, roca kinogadaRebebze gviwvevdnen, an sxva TeatrebSi
gvepatiJebodnen. TbilisSi rom davbrundiT, mogexsenebaT, ro-
gor daiZaba politikuri situacia. Sewyda Suqisa da gazis mo-
wodeba. sibnelem, sicivem, uimedobam, ra Tqma unda, Teatrzec
iqonia zegavlena, SevwyviteT repeticiebi. maSin vTxove baton
miSas repeticiebis, Teatris gareSe ar SemiZlia, gamiSviT, saf-
rangeTidan maqvs axali mowveva, iq vimuSaveb da davbrundebi-
meTqi. da wavedi....miwveuli iyo rezo gabriaZec.
rezo gabriaZem iq dawera piesa _ `quTaisi~. miwveuli
iyo bretanSi am piesis dasadgmelad da mec SemomTavaza ro-
li. mere miviRe sxva miwvevebic. iq Zalian didi konkurenciaa,
aTasze meti msaxiobia umuSevari, magram yvelani formaSi ari-
an, elian mowvevas. da ai, Camovida viRac gadamTieli, arc ki
ician, saidan da... iRebs mowvevas, mere meores, kidev da ki-
dev. es xom gaugonaria! mxolod Cemi damsaxureba ar gaxlavT
es faqti, arc iseTi iolia iq yuradRebis mi pyroba. minda,
gansakuTrebiT aRvniSno: gadamwyveti roli iTamaSa skolam.
TumaniSvilis skola iyo is marcvali, ramac gamoiwvia maTi
daintereseba. isini xedavdnen, rom warmovadgendi garkveuli

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saTeatro kulturis nawils, mqonda, gavlili skola, scena-

ze gamomqonda Cemi saTqmelic da, amasTanave, vicodi, ra gziT,
ra saSualebebiT unda gamomexata es saTqmeli, pozicia. repe-
ticiazec koleqtiurad da individualuradac veZebdi axal-
axal svlebs, magram winaswar mqonda gaTvlili da vicodi, ra
mindoda, mofiqrebuli mqonda saerTo gadawyvetis fargleb-
Si, saiTken unda `wameyvana personaJi~. motivirebul saqciels,
svlebs veZebdi, winaswar mqonda mofiqrebuli, ra minda da
roca improvizaciiT, mizanmimarTulad veZebdi svlebs _ ro-
gor minda es mivawodo mayurebels, brmad ki ar mivyvebodi in-
tuicias, aramed vflobdi meTods _ ra saSualebiTac vagnebdi
gamosaxvis zust, motivirebul, feradovan saqciels, formas.
maTTvis aseTi muSaoba saintereso aRmoCnda. TandaTan gulis-
yuriT makvirdebodnen, improvizaciuli TavisuflebiT rogor
veZebdi saerTo monaxazs, mere veZebdi ferebs, niuansebs, maTs
Tanamimdevrobas, an Segnebulad, daJinebiT vcdilobdi SeuTav-
sebelTa SeTavsebas.... da, ai, maTTvis saintereso gavxdi. meTo-
di, romliTac muSaobda batoni miSa, maTTvis mTlad ucxo ar
iyo, magram CvenSi man Camoayaliba am meTodiT mwyobri muSaoba,
improvizaciuli Tavisufleba da improvizacia, gamaognebeli
simsubuqe, feradovneba da sizuste, organuloba da grZnobaTa
siwrfele. da zeimi, zeimi – yovelTvis! amitomac mgonia, rom
mixeil TumaniSvilis moRvaweoba msoflio saTeatro praqti-
kis fonze unda ganvixiloT. ar SemeSindeba, rom vTqva: batoni
miSa erT-erTi yvelaze Tanamedrove reJisori iyo ara marto
qarTul TeatrSi, aramed ufro didi masStabiT. kidev minda
gavimeoro: sawyenia, rom man ar miiRo piter brukis miwveva,
ar dadga ucxoeTSi speqtakli, misi repeticiebis monawile
ar gaxdnen ucxoeli msaxiobebi, ar moi pova saerTaSoriso
aRiareba. marTalia, kinomsaxiobTa Teatris gastrolebma mas
gauTqva saxeli, magram misi STagonebuli repeticiebis, me-
Todis efeqts naziarebi rom yofiliyvnen ucxoeli msaxiobebi,
Zalian kargi iqneboda misTvisac, qarTuli Teatris popula-
robisTvisac da iqauri msaxiobebisaTvisac.

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 maradi berika

iq saTeatro yofa gansxvavebulia. Tanac, parizi da pro-

vinciebi radikalurad ar gansxvavdebian kulturiT, dedaqala-
qisa da provinciuli Teatrebis cxovrebas Soris sademarka-
cio xazi mkveTrad ar SeiniSneba. parizis saintereso saTeat-
ro dasis speqtaklebs naxuloben sxvadasxva qalaqis Teatre-
bis xelmZRvanelebi, xdebian `mepaieebi~ im pirobiT, rom maTs
dadgmebs Semdeg erTi, ori, sami TviT naxaven maTi qalaqis
mayureblebi, ase rom, adamians kargi speqtaklis sanaxavad
parizs gamgzavreba ar uxdeba. is yvela warmatebul sanaxaobas
Tavisi Teatris scenaze ixilavs. vTqvaT, marselSi, tuluzaSi,
lionSi an sxvagan mayureblebi yiduloben abonementebs, ici-
an, rom parizis saintereso dadgmebsac naxaven. iq sanaxevrod
carieli darbazebi ar minaxavs. safrangeTis saTeatro cxov-
reba mudmiv moZraobaSia, mudmivad axal mayurebelTan uxdebaT
Sexvedra. iq ver ilaparakeb calke dedaqalaqisa da calke
sxva qalaqebis saTeatro cxovrebaze. mayurebelma icis, rom
vTqvaT, seqtember-oqtomberSi maTTan speqtaklebs gamarTavs
esa da es parizuli dasi. Tu parizSi an sxvagan gaCndeba sa-
gulisxmo sanaxaoba, is umal xdeba mTeli qveynis kuTvnileba;
xelmisawvdomia mTeli qveynis mayureblisaTvis, magram erTi
ram Zalze sastikia _ Zalze didia da daundobelia konkuren-
cia. vin migiRebs dasSi, vin gagiformebs xelSekrulebas, Tu
reJisorisaTvis, Teatris xelmZRvanelisaTvis saintereso ara
xar?! mTeli cxovreba madlieri viqnebi bedisa, rom Semaxved-
ra TumaniSvils, rom veziare mis skolas, mis xelovnebas. mi-
xeil TumaniSvili ekuTvnis ideis msaxur SemoqmedTa gildias.
roca safrangeTSi rolze vmuSaobdi, sul vfiqrobdi, rogor
Seafasebda igi Cems Ziebas, mignebebs, svlebs. TumaniSvili ax-
lac gverdiT myavs...
aTi weli vmuSaobdi safrangeTSi. sxvadasxva TeatrSi, re-
pertuari naxeT: Seqspiri, kafka, gogoli, henri miuleri ...
reJisor matias langhofTan. Saios TeatrSi Jerar fili pis
sagrimioroSi `vcxovrobdi~, sara bernaris TeatrSi Sakl-
ze, viTamaSe kafkas `gadarCenis kunZulSi~. erT speqtaklze

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giambobT. asociacia. volier dromesko. taverna 160 kaczea

gaTvlili. mayureblebi sxedan, rogorc tavernaSi, iyideba
sasmeli, wvenebi... gvyavda gawvrTnili wero-marabo, qaTmebi.
isini dadiodnen tavernaSi. mec vijeqi magidasTan, mayurebleb-
Tan erTad vsvamdi, ase iwyeboda warmodgena. musikosebi iyv-
nen boSebi budapeStidan, marionetebs warmoadgendnen miloS
formanis tyupebi. bruno beglaris nawarmoebia. vTamaSob loT
kloSars, meamboxe poets. sanaxaoba iwyeba Cveulebrivad, ma-
yurebelTan erTad magidasTan vsxedvarT. me vsvam, mere viwyeb
Cxubs, ayal-mayals. jer veravin xvdeba, rom daiwyo speqtak-
li. erT saRamos mayurebeli movida CemTan, jer Cumad miTxra,
dawynardio, rom ar momeSva _ masac SevukurTxe, damemuqra
_ pilicias moviyvano. roca mixvda, mere sul bodiSs ixdi-
da. dilis 4-5 saaTamde vTamaSobdiT am speqtakls. mayurebeli
gvyavda. warmodgena viTamaSeT or weliwadSi orasjer. Zalze
saintereso dadgmaa, namdvili franguli balagani, iq SevigrZeni,
ras niSnavs balagani.
saerTod, komedia del’artes princi pi _ Teatris idea-
luri formaa. molieri Caswvda am Teatris arss, amoxsna misi
`fokusi~, mixvda, rom gameoreba SeuZlebelia, magram misi
princi piT piesebi dawera da Seqmna genialuri saTamaSo masa-
la msaxiobebisaTvis. molieris am princi psac gvaziara batonma
miSam. aq xom ver moityuebi, aq xom mayureblis pirispir xar,
simarTle aucilebelia, magram rogori TamaSis princi pzea
agebuli siuJeti, ambavi! rogor gibiZgebs TamaSisaken! ai, es
agvixsna, CagviWeda TavSi batonma miSam. aTi weli viyavi saf-
rangeTSi, viTamaSe saukeTeso reJisorebTan, saukeTeso msaxi-
obebTan, saukeTeso dramaturgTa piesebSi, srulad amovwure
saTqmeli da wamovedi.
ara! iRbalic unda gqondes kacs: studentobisas Segaxved-
ros mixeil TumaniSvils _ es etapia adamianis cxovrebaSi! mere
axali Teatris, TumaniSvilis Teatris gaxsnaSi miiRo monawi-
leoba _ esec etapia! evropa _ parizSi iTamaSo _ esec xom eta-
pia! viTamaSe robiko sturuasTan _ esec etapia ... axla Tavidan

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 maradi berika

viwyeb! vdgam `hamlets~, vmuSaob axalgazrdebTan _ esec etapia!

me ase vuyureb Cems cxovrebas. mzad var, daviwyo Tavidan ...
da bolos! minda kidev erTxel, ara, aTasjer gavimeoro:
iciT, ram gamiadvila safrangeTSi muSaoba? ram gamaZlebina
aTi weli aseTi konkurenciis pirobebSi? TumaniSvilis sko-
lam! diax, am skolis princi pebma, saSemsruleblo teqnikis
flobam, rolze muSaobis im saxeobam, meTodma, batonma miSam
rom Canerga CvenSi, isini dainteresdnen am princi piT, am sko-
lis TvisebebiT! me maTTvis saidanRac, provinciidan Casuli,
bedis maZiebeli msaxiobi ki ar viyavi, aramed garkveuli saTe-
atro ideis erTguli, Camoyalibebul princi pebze aRzrdili
artisti aRmovCndi. metyoboda, rom skola mqonda gavlili!
aman ganapiroba Cemi iqauri cxovreba, isic, rom axla Tavidan
viwyeb cxovrebas xelovnebaSi! ~

***
amirani yovel speqtakls TamaSobs, rogorc premieraze _
mTeli aqtioruli resursebis mobilizebiT, gatacebiT, aRmaf-
reniT, amasTanave, Ziebis, axal SefasebaTa mignebis azartiT. mxo-
lod erTi rolis nawilobrivi rekonstruqciiTac ki SeiZleba
warmoCndes sanaxaobis TvisebaTa mTeli speqtri, magram mixeil
TumaniSvilis speqtaklebis struqtura, axali mTlianobis sqema
isea agebuli, rom TiToeuli personaJi urTierTobaTa mTliani
procesis nawilia da amdenad, am urTierTobaTa, erTobliobis
dinebaa gasacnobierebeli, Sesaswavli, gasaanalizebeli. am Sem-
TxvevaSi, don Juanisa da sganarelis urTules urTierTobaTa
speqtrs gamovyof, raTa warmoCndes, ra rangis sanaxaoba iyo
`don Juani~, ra xarisxis gaxldaT samsaxiobo ansambli, ra do-
nis `fsiqologiuri svlebi~ da fizikuri partitura iqmneboda,
TanaSemoqmedebiTi procesiT `iqsoveboda~ sasceno ambavi, perso-
naJTa orTabrZolebis saxieri `kardiograma~.
mixeil TumaniSvilma Juanisa da sganarelis urTierToba
Caifiqra ara rogorc batoni _ msaxuris tradiciuli damo-

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kidebulebis demonstracia, ara marto poziciaTa, msoflSe-

grZnebaTa, miswrafebaTa dapirispirebis lokaluri SemTxve-
va, aramed es konfliqti warmoaCina, rogorc zedroulobiT
aRbeWdili mocemuloba, maradiulad SeuTavseblobis niSani,
rogorc bunebrivad aRmocenebuli ori sawyisis paraleluri
dinebis simbolo. amasTanave, maTi konfliqtis Sinagani dineba
da plastikuri monaxazi (saqcielTa sistema) aago inteleq-
tualuri dramis prici piT: sagangebod gamoyo poziciaTa da-
pirispirebis, ideebisa da miswrafebaTa brZolis procesebi.
TviT gangebis mier Cafiqrebuli anti podebi _ Juanis meamboxe
suli da sganarelis pragmatizmi, erT sivrceSi TanaarsebobiT
miedineboda, kulminacias zedmiwevniT zusti svlebiT gamok-
veTdnen msaxiobebi, raTa kritikuli viTarebiT daedasture-
binaT maTi cxovrebis wesis SeuTavsebloba, warmoeCinaT misi
arsi da movlenis perspeqtiva. samTa kavSiri: TumaniSvili _
yifSiZe _ amiranaSvili, WeSmaritad, maRali rangis TanaSe-
moqmedTa gundi gaxldaT, maTi erToblivi moqmedeba am ur-
TierTobaTa `konstruqciis~ agebis procesSi, TamaSis wesis
mignebasa da azrobriv-fizikuri partiturebis dadgenis dros,
klasikuri magaliTia reJisor-avtorisa da msaxiob-rolis av-
torTa Segnebuli TanamSromlobisa. urTierTTanamSromlobiT,
urTierTSeTanxmebiT, TamaSis goniT-grZnobadi gawonaswore-
biT, asociaciuri nakadis simaxviliT ikiTxeboda qveteqstis
qveteqsti, rogorc am urTierTobaTa warmomSobi mizezica da
Sedegic, warmoCndeboda individi-sociumis winaaRmdegobrivi
xasiaTi. isic naTeli xdeboda: Juani aujanyda ara marto aris-
trokratTa gafuyul pativmoyvareobas, pirmoTneobas, siyal-
besa da farisevlobas, aramed mdabiorTa fsevdoTvinierebasac,
pragmatizmiTa da keTilmowyobis JiniT gaZeZgil sifxizlesac.
am SemTxvevaSi zepuri sazogadoebaca da mdabiorTa wrec, sno-
bizmi da SezRudulobac erT mxareze aRmoCndnen, rogorc don
Juanis gandgomiT gaerTianebuli sociumi. es mosazreba gamo-
ikveTa im Tamami da gonis primatiT mignebuli svlebiT, ro-
melTa dakvirvebuli, msubuqi, laRi Sesruleba aseT tkbobas
aniWebda mayurebels.

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 maradi berika

`TamaSis xibli gaazrebuli moqmedebaa~...

(mzia arabuli)

b aton miSas institutTan Sevxvdi. taatiT davadeqiT

gzas Sinisaken, vsaubrobT. is miambobs axlad ayvanil
jgufze. kmayofilia, erTi mainc Zalian niWieria, magram Zalian,
Zalian mZime xasiaTi aqvso. man kargi STabeWdileba moaxdina
komisiis wevrebzeco. imxanad institutSi niWieri studentis
gamoCena sayovelTao, saerTo sixaruli iyo da xma mTels Te-
atralur samyaros moedeboda xolme, saerTo yuradRebis cen-
trSi xvdeboda mTeli jgufic. gamixarda da vkiTxe: `marTla
niWieria? ra gvaria?~ ase gavigone pirvelad mzia arabulis
gvari. kidev ufro gaxarebulma vkiTxe: `barisaxodan aris?~ ba-
tonma miSam icoda, rom xevsureTs megobrebi myavda, amitomac
swrafad miTxra: `xevsuria, magram mTidan Camosaxlebulia misi
papis ojaxi. Zalian, Zalian jiutia, magram gasaocrad mgrZno-
biare, Zalian, Zalian marTalia, bunebrivia metad~...
da ai, axla vsxedvarT am Zalian, Zalian mZime xasiaTisa
da Zalian, Zalian bunebriv msaxiobTan erTad mis patara sa-
kazmuloSi, ori kaci Zlivs rom eteva. `ra iyo TumaniSvili
CemTvis?~ _ TiTqos sakuTar Tavs CaekiTxa da yovelgvari kek-
lucobis gareSe, martivad aRmoTqva: `yvelaferi!~ Tanac iseTi
Zala daatana, TiTqos axla, am wuTebSi, mTeli samyaro am
erTma sityvam daitia. kldidan zvavi Camowva TiTqos, saxeze
ewera _ amas ra kiTxva undao. mere, TiTqos Tavis marTleba
mounda, ise gaimeora: `yvelaferi! yvelaferi iyo _ mSobelic,
megobaric, Zmac, maswavlebelic, ara, amas rom vambob, arafers
niSnavs, ver gamoxatavs imas, rac iyo. is CemTvis sisxlismieri
iyo, Cems sulSi gaxldaT Casaxlebuli... iciT, rogor veWvi-
anobdi? megona, mas CemsaviT ar vuyvardi! yvela veWvianobdiT!
ar gveTmoboda sxvebisTvis, sxva studentebisTvis, sxva msaxi-
obebisTvis. nu iciniT, sul misi yuradRebis centrSi mindoda
yofna, sul megona, rom me ufro TavganwirviT miyvarda Cemi

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maswavlebeli... roca damirekes da miTxres, rom gardaicva-

lao, fiqris unari davkarge, laparakisac! Teatrisken gamo-
veSure! ki ar wamovedi, gamovrbodi... mikvirda, xalxi rom
mSvidad dadioda quCaSi, manqanebi rom moZraobdnen, bavSvebi
rom xtodnen, Cveulebrivad rom saubrobdnen. me Tavze wamo-
meqca zeca, Tavzari dameca, SigniT Camwyda raRac, eseni ki!...
viTomc araferi! movedi TeatrSi. vfiqrobdi, rom yvelaferi
damTavrda, mere aRaraferi iqneba. manamde arasodes mifiqria
sikvdilze, masTan dakavSirebiT. vicodi, rom ukvdavi ar iyo,
magram... sikvdili... amaze arasodes mifiqria. ki ar vaWarbeb,
eldasaviT damiara mTels sxeulSi, gulSi, sulSi... mas mere
sxvanairi gavxdi...
aba, warmoidgineT, 17 wlisa pirvelad Camovedi TbilisSi.
operis Teatri davimaxsovre, rusTavelis gamzirze is yve-
laze didad momeCvena, da mere qveviT Cavuyvebodi xolme. ase
vagnebdi Tetralur instituts. TeTri sandlebi da yayaCoe-
biT moCiTuli kaba mecva, meti tansacmeli arc mqonda. Cven
dedofliswyaroSi vcxovrobdiT. iq zRva saqme mqonda, magram
sul vkiTxulobdi, fanris Suqzec, Tanac rac ki xelSi mom-
xvdeboda, usistemod. mTels raionSi gamorCeuli mkiTxveli
viyavi, `pirveli mkiTxveli~. biblioTekaSi rac ki wigni ido,
wakiTxuli mqonda, ganurCevlad! bolos gordon kregis wigni
Camivarda da `TeTnuldis~ eqsplikacia davwere. reJisoroba
mindoda. arc ki vici, ratom. Teatralur institutSi yvela
mirCevda samsaxioboze Camebarebina, jiutad gaviZaxodi _ re-
Jisoroba minda-meTqi da gaTavda.
batoni miSa pirvelad mesame turi rom daiwyo, maSin da-
vinaxe. TeTri, gaxamebuli perangi ecva, idayvamde akapiwebu-
li, xelis lamazi mtevani, moqnili moZraobebi, didroni da
metyveli Tvalebi... gamocdaze sul centrSi ijda. TxuTmeti
Tu oci gamomcdeli gvakvirdeboda. kidec vimRere, kidec vi-
cekve, sakuTari leqsic vTqvi, etiudic gavakeTe. batoni miSa
sul miRimoda. roca Cvens ganaTlebas amowmebdnen, saTiTaod
yvela mekiTxeboda: aba, es Tu ici, aba isao... batoni miSa yve-

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 maradi berika

las aCerebda, daanebeT Tavi, ~romeos da julietas~ merec

waikiTxavso, sul micinoda, me ki vbrazobdi, marTla wa-
kiTxuli mqonda Seqspiris yvela piesa, `qariSxalic~ ki... asec
veubnebodi komisiis wevrebs, ratomRac `qariSxali~ amoviCeme.
batoni miSa micinoda, me _ kopebSekruli jiutad vambobdi:
vici, vici-meTqi. is ki mkarnaxobda, roca albomebs miCvenebda
da naxatebis avtorebi unda gamomecno, xels Camoswevda, rom
mxatvris gvari wamekiTxa. vici, nanaxi maqvs-meTqi, jiutad
veubnebodi da vfiqrobdi _ firosmani, an miqelanjelos na-
xatebi Tu ar vici, maSin aq ra minda-meTqi. is isev micinoda,
me isev kopebSekruli vbrazobdi! Caviricxe sareJisoro fa-
kultetze. manamde ki, isev miTxres iqneb, mainc samsaxioboze
gadasvla irCioo! reqtorTan, ilia TavaZesTanac ki Semiyvanes,
iqneb, iman mainc gadaafiqrebinoso. manamde CemTvis yvelaze
`didi kaci~ _ skolis direqtori iyo, axla ki institutis
reqtori mibarebda! CemTvis `xelmwifis toli kaci!~ roca
mis kabinetSi Sevedi, Cais svamda, wamodga da finjani waiqca,
Cai daiRvara! warmogidgeniaT Cemi mdgomareoba?! `xelmwifis
toli kaci~ Turme Cais svams! es CemTvis iseTi warmoudgene-
li iyo, rom damengra Sexedulebebi. Turme isic Cveulebrivi
adamiani yofila! avReldi, laparakis unari davkarge, ususu-
robisagan davibeni... aman ise SemakrTo da gamaogna, rom ti-
rili daviwye. batonma iliam ifiqra, samsxiobo fakultetze
gadasvla ar unda da imitom tiriso. moferebiT miTxra: kargi,
Tu ar ginda msaxioboba, ras vizamTo! damtoves sareJisoro
fakultetze, magram eqsperimentul jgufs leqciebi erTad
gvqonda msaxiobebsa da reJisorebs, erTad `vTamaSobdiT Te-
atrs~ da TavisTavad momixda ~profesiis Secvla~. axla verc
warmomidgenia reJisoroba.
patara viyavi, gamoucdeli, Cems cxovrebaSi yvelaferi
pirvelad xdeboda, deda da mama menatrebodnen, sofelSi gavr-
bodi, leqciebsac vacdendi. erTxel, cekvis gakveTilze cudad
gavxdi, atyda erTi aliaqoTi. movida batoni miSa, gverdiT
damijda, xelze mefereboda, wamodgomas ar manebebda. saswra-

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fo daxmarebis manqanac ki gamoiZaxes. kargad gavxdi, magram

imdenad momewona, Tavs rogor mevleboda, rogor mefereboda
batoni miSa, rom rogorc ki mSoblebi momenatrebodnen, an
raime mewyineboda, isev `cudad~ vxdebodi, isev iZaxebdnen
`saswrafos~, isev vambobdi brma nawlavia, ukve gamiara-meTqi,
isev Tavs mevleboda batoni miSa, mefereboda, mawynarebda.
mec vmSviddebodi... mere mSoblebi aRar menatrebodnen, uima-
Tod cxovrebas SeveCvie, magram axla batoni miSa Caenacvla
maT. sul mindoda, rom CemTan emuSava, CemiT yofiliyo daka-
vebuli. rogorc ki SevamCnevdi, rom misi yuradReba momaklda,
isev `brma nawlavi~ metkineboda, isev iZaxebdnen `saswrafos~,
isev TavTan Camomijdeboda batoni miSa, mamSvidebda, mefere-
boda, meloliaveboda. ase gavatare ori weliwadi. gavizar-
de... imdens vmuSaobdi, iseTi gatacebiT `vTamaSobdiT Teatrs~,
rom TandaTan SeveCvie aseTi cxovrebis ritms da aRarc `brma
nawlavi~ amtkiebia. dro gavida, ukve Teatrs vxsniT, yvela
vnerviulobT, batoni miSa mekiTxeba, ra qeni, gogo, brma naw-
lavis operacia gaikeTe, aRar gawuxebso? gamikvirda, ra brma
nawlavio! mere gamaxsenda da bevri vicineT, roca simarTle
vuTxari. Cvevad meqca: yvelaferi misTvis unda meTqva, is yo-
velTvis yuradRebiT mismenda, roca vmuSaobdiT da rames ver
vakeTebdi, gavjiutdebodi xolme. moTminebiT mixsnida, makvir-
deboda, yovelTvis mzad hqonda raRac `xriki~ da gavixsnebo-
di... iwyeboda Tavdaviwyebuli improvizacia, fantazia, TamaSi,
magram zogjer ise gavjiutdebodi, rom araferi mSveloda,
maSin garboda repeticiidan ...erTxel, `sisxliani qorwilis~
repeticias vuCvenebT, ar vici ra damemarTa... murman jinoria
TamaSobda, Cemi partniori iyo. erT epizodSi metismetad `ga-
SiSvlebuli~ gadawyvetiT, Seyvarebuls vkocni. veraferi mo-
vaxerxe, arc vici es rogor xdeba, Seyvarebuli ar myolia...
batoni miSa mixsnis, aTasi magaliTi mohyavs, magram araferi
gamomdis. gamibrazda da wavida. gamovekide, vtiri da veubnebi:
`batono miSa, viswavli kocnas, geficebiT, namdvilad viswav-
li~ da Tan RapaRupiT Camomdis cremlebi...~

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 maradi berika

siciliT veubnebi: erTi aseTi epizodis uneburi monawile

Tavadac aRmovCndi. aivnidan gadavixede (daviT aRmaSeneblis
gamzirze vcxovrob, kinostudiis pordapir), batoni miSa gada-
sasvlelTan dgas da aivnisken iyureba. vaniSne, Camoval-meTqi.
iqve, skverSi CamovjeqiT. aRelvebulma xmamaRla gaagrZela Si-
nagani monologi: `SeuZlebelia, autanelia, amis moTmena aRar
SemiZlia... ver mivaRwie, rom Sexedos zura yifSiZes ki ara,
aramed don Juans, Tanac Sexedos, rogorc Seyvarebulma, Sexe-
dos rogorc mamakacs. dgas da uyurebs, replikac ki daaviwyda!
roca gajiutdeba, verafers gaxdebi! mzia Zalian, Zalian mZime
xasiaTisaa, marto eg ki ara, sxvebic... sabavSvo baRia!~
mzias axsendeba es epizodi: `imdenad viyavi moxibluli
zuras muSaobiT, imdenad momwonda, rasac akeTebda, rom vu-
yurebdi mis TamaSs, rogorc mzia, rogorc msaxiobi partni-
ors da ara rogorc matiurina _ don Juans. marTla gavawva-
le batoni miSac da zurac. axla vfiqrob, ramdens miTmenda,
magram gulsac mtkenda, TviTonac xom SeeZlo gulis tkena?!
mere, patiebasac gTxovda, mitevebis dRis ritualic gvqon-
da... magram roca repeticia aewyoboda, roca mTeli ZaliT
feTqdeboda epizodi, TavdaviwyebiT vmuSaobdiT da gvaviwyde-
boda amqveynad yvelaferi, roca maRla, caSi davfrinavdiT,
saerTod ar gvaxsovda wyena... ra bednierebi viyaviT yvelani!
Sens saqmeSi Ralati ar SeiZleboda, verc icruebdi... mdabali
azrebi da grZnobebi gvtovebdnen, roca masTan erTad vmuSaob-
diT rolze, speqtaklze... saerTod, roca mis gverdiT viyaviT.
rogor Segvkra, gagvamTliana yvela. marto 31 dekembris dRis 12
saaTze Catarebuli rituali rad Rirs! diliT batoni miSa da
reziko (rezo imnaiSvili _ n.a.) midiodnen bazarSi. yidulobd-
nen imden wiTel vaSls, ramdenic viyaviT, mohqondac ramdenime
boTli kargi Savi Rvino, romelsac vasxamdiT TasSi. vdgamdiT
magidas scenaze, vafarebdiT Cvens alisfer gadasafarebels,
Cveni xelmowerebi rom amSvenebs, vsxdebodiT yvelani wre-
ze, vanTebdiT sanTlebs. erTi Cvengani iwyebda, iRebda wiTel
vaSls, amoavlebda saferavSi, ambobda aRsarebas, TiToeuli

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Cvengani vambobdiT, ra moxda Cvens cxovrebaSi kargi da cudi,

TeatrSic da mis gareTac. ra ar gamogvivida da ratom, an ras
mivaRwieT da ratom, Tu raime wyena gvqonda, imasac vambobdiT.
mis winaSe ver icruebdi. es rituali aRsarebis tolfasi iyo,
Cven xom gvyavda Cveni moZRvari!... mere yvela rig-rigobiT vas-
rulebdiT am rituals, mere xelebs CavkidebdiT erTmaneTs da
ase gamTlianebulebi, ase Sekrulebi vmRerodiT, mere viwyeb-
diT qeifs, visac ra gvqonda motanili, magidaze gamogvqonda...
yvelas Cveni vaSli migvqonda Tan da Rame, saaTi Tormets rom
Camohkravda, sadac ar unda vyofiliyaviT, unda CagvekbiCa da
gagvexsenebina dasi, Cveni Teatri, ra Tqma unda, upirvele-
sad, batoni miSa. TiToeuli Cvengani pirveli kursis pirveli
leqciidan monusxulebi viyaviT misiT, masTan ufro met dros
vatarebdiT, vidre ojaxSi! amitomac, amotrialda CemTvis
cxovreba 11 maiss, yvelaferi damTavrda maSin! datirebis sur-
vili mqonda, datireba mindoda, datirebiT gamoTxoveba da
patiebis Txovna mwadda!
bunebiT, ase mgonia, pedagogi ara var, magram axla ko-
lejSi rom vaswavli, vigrZeni rom es yvelaferi miSasganaa,
miSasTvisaa. batoni miSa mainc arsebobs CvenSi, yvelaSi, Cem-
Si... rasac mivaRwie, rasac vakeTeb, rogorc vTamaSob _ yve-
laferi miSasganaa, yvelaferSi Cans miSa... ver davuSveb, rom
`qalaqi~ (`Cveni patara qalaqi~ _ n.a.) uCemod iTamaSon. sul
sami gamosvla maqvs, vmReri, qalaqis kolorits warmovadgen
_ ase mgonia, iq batoni miSas suli trialebs, mec misTvis
gamovdivar scenaze, amiT, TiTqos, gabmulia simi masTan... am
speqtaklis repeticiebze, marTlac, ritualis msgavsi Sina-
gani ganwmenda, sulieri aRmafrena da sakraluri idumaleba
meufleboda. ase mgonia, Tavis Tavze mogviTxro am dadgmiT,
iseve, rogorc `alublis baRs~ dgamda Tavis Tavze, gaevze...
vixseneb, yoveli speqtaklis win rogor vikribebodiT,
vdgebodiT Cvens patara foieSi wreze, sanTlis Suqze erTi
wuTiT vdumdiT, TiTqos, samyaros veTiSebodiT, me viwyebdi
Cvens himns, mere yvelani amyvebodnen, erTad vmRerodiT:

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 maradi berika

`vficav vibrZoleb uSiSrad, Tundac rom marcxi melodes,

mitom vSobilvar raindad, ukvdavebisa mjerodes,
sxvebsac aswavleT ocnebiT da brZoliT daswvan cxovreba
da maSin maTi saxeli xalxs, marad emaxsovreba...~
mere erTi wuTiT vdumdiT da... iwyeboda speqtakli... amas
jer kidev studentobis dros vmRerodiT, roca nugzar bag-
rationma nawyveti dadga `lamanCelidan~, maSin xSirad vRiRi-
nebdi melodias, mere Cveni himni gaxda. axlac vdgebiT wreze,
sagalobels vmReriT, vinme ambobs or sityvas da viwyebT
speqtakls. magram raRac dagvekarga... batoni miSas gareSe dro
dagvekarga! iciT riTi vcxovrob? monatrebiT! xeli minda Se-
vaxo, misi surneli vigrZno, misi mkacri da Tbili gamoxedva
menatreba! misi aRmafrena, misi zeSTagonebuli repeticiebi
menatreba. monatrebiT vcxovrob~... mziam mokled moWra da
wamodga. mivxvdi, rom saubars veRar gaagrZelebda. quCaSi ga-
movediT, vdumdiT, mere Tbilad davcildiT. ase gavixseneT
CvenTvis Zalian, Zalian Zvirfasi adamiani.
baton miSas SegirdebTan kargi urTierToba maqvs (oriod
ambiciuris garda), zogierTTan Zalian kargi, ramdenimesTan
Zalian, Zalian kargi. mzias metismetad vafaseb, is xom am Te-
atris erT-erTi mesaZirkvlea. mis samarTlianobas, gulwrfelo-
bas, mis mosazrebas pativs vcem maSinac ki, roca ar veTanxmebi,
axlac siamovnebiT vusmendi. laparakobda dafiqrebiT, mtkiced,
iumoriTac, sevdiT, siTboTi... Sinisken mimavals TandaTan max-
sendeboda misi naambobi: `Cven institutSi, `Cvens TeatrSi~
rigrigobiT sxvadasxva saqmianobas veweodiT _ viyaviT asis-
tentebi, teqnikuri reJisori, Camcmeli, grimiori da a.S. ase,
rom Teatris struqturas da komponentTa saqmianobas kargad
gavecaniT. niSnebsac vwerdiT. maxsovs, amiran amiranaSvilma
moitana koWis Zafebi, amovarCieT TiToeulma Cven-Cveni, Ca-
movkideT erTad, mere, vinc ver uZRveboda Tavis saqmiano-
bas, calke vkidebdiT. es Zalian gvarTobda, yvela xalisiT
vmuSaobdiT, xalisiT vvarjiSobdiT, etiudebs vigonebdiT da

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vamuSavebdiT. Cven gvesmoda, praqtikulad vgrZnobdiT erTobis,

gundad Sekvris, Tanaziarobis fass. Cven Tanamedrove Teatris
umTavres niSans praqtikuli moqmedebiT, TamaSiT vagnebdiT da
viTvisebdiT am niSanTa erTobliobas. Cven erTad vqmnidiT Te-
atrs, etiudebs, speqtaklebs, Cven gviyvarda erTmaneTi, ver
vZlebdiT Cveni moZRvris gareSe~.
mzia niWieri, Tavisi mrwamsis erTguli, princi puli,
mtkice pirovnebaa. saubarSic Tavis Sexedulebebs uSiSrad ga-
moTqvamda, gulwrfeli iyo da miuxedavad imisa, rom ramdeni-
me speqtaklis Taobaze Cemi azri icoda, mourideblad ambobda
sakuTars. aseve, mSvidad moismina Cemi argumentebic. SevamCnie,
rom raRac gadaafasa, sakuTari Secdomebic patiosnad aRiara
da sxvisic obieqturad Seafasa. mTavari ki is aRmoCnda, rom
SesaZlebeli obieqturobiT Seafasa sakuTari monacemebica da
rolebic: `sxva reJisorebTan, Cvens princi pebsa da meTodze
aRzrdilebTan, miadvildeba urTierToba. mesmis, ra undaT,
ras moiTxoven Cemgan da Sesabamisad vmuSaob. sxvebTan Zalian
miWirs. gadabeWdili teqstiT xelSi ver vimuSaveb, ar SemiZ-
lia. Cemi xeliT ramdenjerme Tu ar gadavwere teqsti, gaswv-
riv furcelze Cemi personaJis survilebi, amocanebi, reJiso-
ris mosazrebebi, Cemi azrebi Tu ar Caviwere, Tu ar gaviazre
am dros ras, rogor da ratom vakeTeb, am nabijs ase ratom
vdgam, amas ratom vakeTeb _ ise, ver vimuSaveb. risTvis ga-
movedi scenaze, ra minda SevZlo rom dRes vuTxra mayure-
bels _ naTlad maqvs Camoyalibebuli. aseve, yoveli epizodis
mizandasaxulobac da Cemi personaJis adgilic zustad maqvs
gansazRvruli. ise ra azri aqvs scenaze gamosvlas. TamaSis
xibli gaazrebuli moqmedebaa. improvizacia sulia am TamaSisa.
es viswavle batoni miSasagan, ki ar viswavle mxolod, aramed
Rrmad da mTeli arsebiT gaviTavise, SigniT _ gonsa da gulSi,
mTels sxeulSi mizis. ai, esaa miSa! amitomac vambob _ batoni
miSa sul Tan damyveba, is Cems gverdiTaa, yovelTvis `makon-
trolebs~, mawynarebs, mexmareba. rogori mkacri iyo, magram
rogori keTili, Tbili, mimtevebeli!~

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 maradi berika

***

mzia pirvelad scenaze vnaxe rusTavelis TeatrSi, speq-

taklSi `iulius keisari~ (1973 weli). mTeli maTi jgufi
monawileobda masobriv scenebSi. speqtakls isini iwyebdnen.
scenis erT mxares, amaRlebul ficarnagze ewera: `mTeli
cxovreba Teatria~ da masze Sefenili TumaniSvilis eqsperi-
mentuli jgufis studentebi, sanaxaobisTvis emzadebodnen.
TiToeuli maTgani sul erTianad danTqmuli gaxldaT ambis
msvlelobaSi, magram aqtiurad moqmedebdnen im `rkalSi~, rac
reJisorma `Semoxaza~ da ar cdilobdnen personaJTa moqme-
debis gadafarvas sakuTari `gulmodgine~ aqtiurobiT. mzia
erTi mkveTri feri, Zlieri bgera iyo am sanaxaobisa, TvalSi
sacemi gaxldaT misi sasceno mimzidveloba, Camoqnili moZra-
obebi, feradovani Jesti, Zala, gamiznuli saqcielTa wyeba,
plastikuri monaxazi. am yvelafers gansakuTrebul xibls hma-
tebs msaxiobis pirovnuli zomierebis grZnoba. mzia arabulis
romaeli moqalaqe nawili iyo quCaSi gamofenili xalxisa da,
amasTanave, damoukideblad arsebuli individic, rogorc am
gundis yoveli wevri, magram gamokveTilad Zlieri tempera-
mentiTa da Sinagani daZabulobiT.
mzia Zalze organuli da bunebrivi gaxldaT matiurinas
rolSi (molieris `don Juani~, 1981 weli), pirdapir scenaze
feTqavda, Rvioda, boboqrobda atacebuli grZnoba, glexis
gogos dauTrgunavi pirdapiroba da siance. matiurina mouri-
deblad Sehyurebda don Juans, mere acetebuli Semoirbenda
sofels, ar eTmoboda Juanis moxdenili garegnoba da momnus-
xveli mzera. is ki ar laparakobda, JRurtulebda, garemo
ivseboda misi mxurvale kiskisiT; dahqroda niaviviT, TiTqos
qveynierebisTvis surda Setyobineba, stumari rom iyo masze
gamijnurebuli. is iswrafvoda Juanisaken, rogorc farva-
na sinaTlisaken, mere garboda, isev brundeboda xalisiani,
atortmanebuli, Jinmoreuli. mzia TamaSobda farsuli sila-
RiTa da gaxsnilobiT, samoedno Teatris skabrezulobiTa da
onavrobiT, mas scenaze mohqonda ymawvilqaluri sinorCe da
dabali wodebis Seuryvneloba, bunebrioba da miamitoba, qa-

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lur eSmakobasTan erTad.

mixeil TumaniSvilis am or speqtaklSi naTlad warmoCnda
mzias msaxioburi monacemebi: scenuri mimzidveloba, plasti-
kuroba, zomiereba, temperamenti da gaazrebuli TamaSisadmi
midrekileba, magram mTavari mainc is gaxldaT, rom sxeulis
yoveli kunTi, ZarRvi, sulis yoveli kunWuli, xveuli Ta-
maSisaTvis momarTuli da daWimuli gaxldaT, rogorc si-
mi, romelic ukve gamoscemda bgeraTa simwyobres, xmovanebiT
uerTdeboda sasceno moqmedebis erTian dinebas. zambarasaviT
moqnili, momarTuli misi samsaxiobo arsenali imdenad elas-
tiuri da daxvewili gaxldaT, rom advilad iRebda im for-
mas, rac axla, am wuTebSi iyo aucilebeli garkveuli azris,
grZnobis, miswrafebis gamosaxatavad. metad mWermetyveli es
arsenali TavisTavad gibiZgebda, xelovnebiseuli qmnileba mi-
geRo iseTi, msaxiobi rom gTavazobda, feradovani da metyveli,
nakveTi da naqsovi forma migeRo iseTi, reJisorsa da msaxiobs
erToblivad rom hqondaT Cafiqrebuli. siamovnebas es dasru-
lebuli erTianobac ganiWebda, radganac metismeti sizustiT
gamoxatavda mxatvruli gadawyvetis princi ps. magram am ro-
lebiT srulad jer kidev ver gaixsna msaxiobi, ver gamovlin-
da misi SesaZleblobebis masStabi, misi msaxioburi individu-
alobis is aspeqti, romelic mis Sinagan samyaroSi gaxldaT
Rrmad Cakiruli _ Sinagani Zala, partniorze da mayurebelze
zemoqmedebis Zalovneba. dramatuli rolebi misi stiqia mgo-
nia. SuSanikis rolSi swored es sulis siRrmidan daZruli
lava i pyrobda darbazs, xedavdi, grZnobdi, gesmoda rwmeni-
sagan gandgomil qmars rogor ebrZoda da ndomiT Sehyurebda
dedofali, uyvarda da sZulda varsqeni erTsa da imave dros.
mzia TamaSobda rwmenis erTgul, Tavganwirul, jvarcmisaTvis
mzadmyof qals, romelsac jer kidev axsovda qmarTan trfi-
alis sitkbo. ai, es erTi feri, misi mouxelTebeli gaelveba
varsqenTan urTierTobis epizodSi, gansakuTrebuli siTboTi
mosavda SuSaniks da axloblobis gasaocar grZnobas badebda
mayurebelSi. is icavda qristianuli sarwmunoebis xelSeuxeb-
lobas, jiutad icavda sasaxlis karis etikets, mama-papaTa
wess _ aq igi Seuvali, mtkice da Semtevi gaxldaT, magram

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 maradi berika

varsqenTan ... es Sinagani brZola movaleobasa da grZnobas So-

ris, dedofalsa da qals Soris, dedasa da qristes mociquls
Soris, aniWebda SuSanikisa da varsqenis ambavs erTdroulad
istoriulobisa da realurobis, legendisa da miTosis sta-
tuss. es cxovrebiseuli niuansi, feri, xmovaneba SuSanikis
fenomens warmoaCenda, istoriul personaJs `amiwebda~, drois
distancias xsnida, magram msaxiobis pirovnuli Zalis, Sina-
gani mZvinvarebis, zeaweuli toniT `TamaSisa~ da usaSvelo
bunebriobis SemweobiT, dedofali isev rCeboda im kvarcxl-
bekze qarTvelobam, marTlmadidebelma eklesiam, erovnulma
siamayem rom Seayena.
mzia, reJisorisa da sakuTari interpretaciiT aravis
ekamaTeboda, arc istoriul samarTlianobas aRadgenda, arc
istoriografiisa da literaturaTmcodneobis mosazrebaTa
erTobliobas warmoaCenda (Tumca azrian SefasebebSi igrZ-
noboda kritikuli naazrevisa da istoriul wyaroTa codna),
is TamaSobda erTdroulad qals, cols, qristians, dedas,
dedofals... is TamaSis stiqias mindobili gaxldaT da misi
SemweobiT surda eCvenebina ara emansi pirebuli qalis erTniS-
na xasiaTi, ara mxolod antikuri epoqis qarTlis ambavi, an
inteleqtualuri dramis poziciaTa dapirispirebis procesi,
aramed uwinaresad, Zlieri da mTliani pirovnebis arCevani-
sa da princi pebis dacvis SesaZlebloba!. am SesaZleblobaTa
arsebobas, unars, safuZvlianobas warmosaxavda msaxiobi kuS-
ti, gamyinavi, ganmgmiravi mzeriT; Tbili, gulRia, guliTadi
RimiliT; lakonuri, tevadi, feradovani JestiT; grZnobaTa
siwrfeliT, xmis modulaciiTa da plastikuri naxazis sim-
wyobriT. mzia arabulisa da zurab yifSiZis tandemi, azriani,
temperamentiani, improvizaciuli silaRiT TamaSi, Sinagani
dapirispirebis, `orTabrZolebis~, aTasgvari svlebis kombi-
naciebi ara marto am personaJTa ambavs mogviTxrobda, ara-
med warmosaxavda `TumaniSvilis skolis~ qmediTunarianobas.
scenaze iqmneboda Setakebebis iseTi oromtriali, iseTi `da-
geSilni~ xdebodnen personaJebi, Sebmis iseTi sisastike ik-
veTeboda maTs daWimul sxeulebsa, daZabul dialogebsa Tu
isariviT ganmgmiravi mzeriT, TiTqos brZolis velze iyvnen

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 naTela arvelaZe

gamosulebi da maTi yofna-aryofnis problema wydeboda!... nug-

zar bagrationis reJisoruli interpretacia eyrdnoboda da
iyenebda `TumaniSvilis skolis~ swavlebas da msaxiobebTan
erTad praqtikulad adasturebda am sistemis qmediTunariano-
bas. sanaxaobis mxatvruli gadawyvetis, plastikuri parti-
turis, gamosaxvis sxva saSualebaTa organulobiT, grZnobaTa
sisavsiTa da erovnuli suliskveTebiT iqsoveboda, ibadeboda
sasceno Setakebebis dinamika, romelic cxovrebas uaxloebda
da yofaze `amaRlebda~, kravda da amTlianebda istoriul faq-
tebs, gamonagonis eqscentrikulobas da namdvilobis iluzias.
am rTuli sasceno Senakadebis erT dinebad gadaqcevis osta-
toba, Tavad `Teatris enis~ gaTavisebiT, am `enis~ dinamiuri,
elastiuri, ritmuli sasicocxlo energiis wvdomiT xdeboda.
cxovrebiseuli Tavawyvetili Setakebebis sasceno ficarnagze
ametyvelebas, am skolis princi pebze aRzrdili msaxiobebi
bunebrivad eSurebodnen. am sasceno Setakebebis epicentri Su-
Saniki_varsqenis, arabuli-yifSiZis tandemi xdeboda (mixeil
mrevliSvilis `wameba dedoflisa~, reJisori _ nugzar bagra-
tioni, 1978 weli).
speqtakli, romlis struqtura, suliskveTeba, tonalo-
ba, intonacia, Cemi azriT, bevrad gansazRvra mzia arabulis
msaxioburma individualobam, iyo nugzar lorTqifaniZis mier
xalxur poeziaze Seqmnili piesa da misive interpretaciiT gan-
xorcielebuli speqtakli, ~wuTisofeli asea~. mzia TamaSobda
qals, romlis ambavsac warmosaxavdnen scenaze ymawvilqalobi-
dan, sikvdilamde. ramaz ioselianis mTxrobeli, TiTqos, Zi-
risZiridan uxmobda epizodebs, raTa TvalsaCino gaexada erTi
qalis, erTi ojaxis, erTi soflis yofaSi, rogor irekleboda
kacobriobis ganviTarebis cocxali suraTi. damdgmeli gundi
mogviTxrobda, rogor gadadioda papidan SvilSi, mere mamidan
Svilsa da SviliSvilSi cxovrebiseuli sibrZne, cxovrebis ya-
ida, samyarosTan da adamianebTan urTierTobis wesi da, amas-
Tanave, samyaros wrebrunvasTan erTad, rogor icvleboda es
wesi, urTierTobaTa simwyobre, STamomavlobiT gadmocemuli
Tanacxovrebis, didi jalabobis yofa. es cvlileba TvalSisa-
cemad ar igrZnoboda, magram niuansebiT iyo miniSnebuli.

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 maradi berika

mzia arabuli TamaSobda tradiciis dvritaze aRmocenebul

qals, warmoadgenda mTlian, Cakirul, Cagviristinebul xasi-
aTs; Zalze Cveulebriv, mTis Wiuxebsa Tu cicaboze jixviviT
mardad morbenal ymawvil qals, romelmac Tavisi yadric icoda
da sxvisic, cxovrebis bedistrials mindobilic iyo da ga-
jiqebuli onavaric, mere da mere sidarbaislec, simyudrovec,
sidinjec epareboda da damZimebul siarulsa Tu gaxunebul
mzeraSi ikiTxeboda wlebis simravle. misi rolis marcvali,
SesaZlebelia ilias didebuli mignebiT gamoisaxos _ dedakaci.
is marTlac gamrje, muxlCauxreli, ojaxze gadagebuli deda-
kaci gaxldaT, qmarTan (levan uCaneiSvili) erTad Rirseulad
rom eweoda ojaxis Wapans. mis dajerebul, moudrek, mkvriv
xasiaTs rom Sevyurebdi, Tvalwin qarTul darbazebSi wamo-
marTuli dedaboZi maxsendeboda, gaSlil mxrebze rom adgas
maRali Weri. ase mgonia, im pirvelma mxatvarma an arqiteqtor-
ma, romelmac gamoWeda ojaxuri simtkicis mauwyebeli es xati,
CaaSena darbazSi da gamokveTa masze lazaTis gamomxatveli
CuqurTma, saxeobrivad Seqmna koduri niSani, romlis Sinaar-
si gamoisaxa sityviT _ dedaboZi. mzia am dedaboZis simSvides,
Zalovanebas, siames, simSvenieres, Tavisi arsebobis gamarT-
lebas gamosaxavda scenaze. mis TamaSSi ikiTxeboda pirovnuli
da sazogado misiis aRsrulebis bunebrioba, sisxlZarRvebSi
feTqavda winaparTagan gadmocemuli geni, bunebismieri mdgra-
doba, harmonia, Zlevamosileba, Rirseba da imavdroulad, ax-
lad amowverili balaxis sinorCe, is simorcxve, alvis xis
tankenaroba, muxis gamZleoba. misi mzexa sanaxaobis `dedaboZi~
iyo, im wiaRs gamosaxavda, romelmac aseTi monagari warmoSva,
aseTi TanacxovrebiT gaagrZela mama-papaTa adaT- wesi.
sanaxaoba, Tavisi simwyobriT, silamaziT, silazaTiT, fe-
radovani metaforebiT, plastikuri gadawyvetiTa da xmova-
ni partituriT (SesaniSnavad mRerodnen msaxiobebi), uzadod
warmoaCenda saTeatro enis `mWermetyvelebas~, amasTanave, erT,
metad sagulisxmo problemazec miuTiTebda: poezia-prozis da-
moyvrebis mcdelobas vgulisxmob. poeturi xedva gajerebu-
li iyo yofis prozauli `intonaciiT~, JestiT, SefasebiT.
leqsis Sinagani musikaloba Catexili aRmoCndeboda xolme

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yoveldRiuri sasaubro kilokaviT, romelsac Tan dahyveboda

metismetad `prozauli~ saqcieli, an piriqiT, erTob yofi-
Ti saqmianoba `ikargeboda~ Sairis sagangebod `amaRlebuli~
gamoTqmiT. mzia arabulis personaJi am sanaxaobis kamertoni
gaxldaT. ambavi TamaSdeboda iumoriT, msubuqad, improvizaci-
uli silaRiT, mkafio metyvelebiTa da grZnobaTa sisavsiT. es
erTi ambavi kacobriobis dialeqtikur msvlelobasac warmo-
saxavda, Tavisi farTo `saazrovno sivrciT~ da konkretulad
xevsurTa yofa-cxovrebis avkargianobas _ niuansebis feradov-
nebiT. am zRvarze daatarebda mzia arabuli Tavis personaJs
da msaxiobis sasceno mimzidvelobis, metyvelebis kulturis,
gaTvlili saqcielTa rigis da zomierebis dacvis Semweo-
biT arsad irRveoda am yofisa da `amaRlebulis~ sagangebod
miRweuli Tanafardoba. es kontrastuli ferebi, intonacia,
saqcieli Tavad realobis nairgvarobas gamosaxavda scenaze,
gamosaxavda cxovrebis simdidris niSansac, romelsac Tavisi
logika, cvlilebaTa dinamika, Sinagani bunebrioba axasiaTebda
da gvidasturebda wuTisoflis dialeqtikis kanonzomierebas.
sanaxaobis didaqtika sul `ubralod~ gamoisaxa da dag-
varwmuna, rom wuTisofeli, marTlac, asea, aseTia, ase mie-
dineba dReni Cveni Tanacxovrebisa. mzia arabulis dajerebuli,
magram nairgvari metyveleba, Tavneba asulis daqadneba (Seyva-
rebuls rom elodeboda), qorwinebis winaSe krToma (TiTqos
garboda, TvalebSi ki ndomis naperwkali Wiatebda), SvilebTan
urTierTobis siyvaruliani simkacre (mkvaxe replika, sityvi-
saTvis Zalovnebis dataneba da, imavdroulad, farTod gadaS-
lil pirisaxeze, an kuStad Sekrul kopebze siTbosa da sina-
zis Seferilobis gaelveba), qmarTan ridisa da momTxovnelobis
aWriT, siyvarulisa da ltolvis afeTqebaTa warmosaxvac la-
konuri, magram Sinaganad damuxtuli JestiT, sxivCamdgari mze-
riT, namalevi RimiliT, adasturebda cxovrebiseuli sibrZnis,
gawonasworebuli Tanacxovrebis, bunebasTan dazavebis mniSvne-
lobas. mzia arabuli TamaSobda gznebiT, gatacebiT, azrianad,
qveteqstis simZafriT, mayurebelTan gulaxdili dialogis
kulturiT (`wuTisofeli asea~, 1985 weli).
misi Sinagani Zala, metyvelebis kultura, plastikuroba,

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 maradi berika

`TumaniSvilis skolis~ kuTvnileba, reliefurad Cans mis yo-

vel rolSi, dramatulsa Tu komikur gmirebSi, sadac perso-
naJis sulieri gancda da feradovani, lakonuri, mfeTqavi da
gamiznuli saqcieli, Sefaseba, Jesti, mzera organuli erTi-
anobiTa da bunebriobiT gamosaxavs mwerlis individualobasac
da reJisoruli gadawyvetis mniSvnelobasac.
misi zenaTi mixeil TumaniSvilis marad aqtualur speq-
taklSi (`bakulas Rorebi~), am `skolis~ magaliTad SeiZleba
CaiTvalos. misi personaJis sasceno ambavi gamokveTili Stri-
xebisa da Sinagani svlebis SerwymiTa da metyveli, magram la-
koniuri formiT gamovlinda. mTeli speqtaklis, anu cxovrebis
msvlelobisas sul oriod epizodSi, sul oriod replikiT
warsdgeba mayureblis winaSe zenaTi, magram rogori bunebrivi,
cxovrebiseuli, misTvis kritikuli situaciis aRmniSvnelia
mravlis damtevi da gamomxatveli dumili, gakapaseba (qmars
rom utevs _ Rorebma bostani gamioxreso!), Tvinierebaca da
sevdac. reJisoruli xedvis organuloba, partnioris SegrZneba,
am konkretuli epizodis mizandasaxuloba mJRavndeba msaxiobis
mdumarebasa, qmarze Tavdasxmasa Tu stumrebis molodinisa da
qeifis epizodebis SefasebiT. zenaTis guljavriani gamoxedva,
kopebSekruli saxe, dardiani mzera, mTrTolvare pauza Tu
risxvadqceuli sxeuli _ am sanaxaobis, am dramatul-komi-
kuri ambis, am cxovrebiseuli farsisa da gausaZlisi yofis
dramaturgias gamoxatavs. is garkveuli yofis niSania, amito-
mac misi fiqriani zenaTi xdeba aseTi mniSvnelovani feri am
sanaxaobisa.
mzia arabuli scenaze swored mniSvnelovani saTqmelis
gamoxatvisaTvis rom gamodis, dasturdeba misi TamaSis gansa-
kuTrebuli elvarebiT. epizoduri rolic metad SesamCnevi da
gamokveTili xdeba, radganac Tavad msaxiobis individualoba,
pirovnuli Tvisebebi da `TumaniSvilis skolis~ erTguleba
gadaaqcevs mis TamaSs mniSvnelovan xelovnebiseul aqtad.

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,,cxovrebasac gvaswavlida”
(paata baraTaSvili)

p aata baraTaSvilTan Cveni samSoblos politikurma

viTarebam kidev ufro damaaxlova. samoqalaqo dapi-
risirebis dros, Cven barieris erT mxares videqiT da araerTi
mZime wuTebi gvakavSirebs. is Teatrs daubrunda da mixaria,
rom warmatebiT agrZelebs moRvaweobas kinomsaxiobTa dassTan
erTad. Cven usityvod vugebT erTmaneTs da amitomac ar gam-
Wirvebia misi naambobis Cawera.
`batoni miSa CemTvis, iseve rogorc yoveli CvenganisaT-
vis, yvelaferi iyo: pedagogic, reJisoric, gzis gamkvalavic,
axlobelic, megobaric, satkivris gamziarebelic, damcvelic,
mrCevelic, Semfasebelic... Seni SemoqmedebisaTvis, Seni daos-
tatebisaTvis yvelafris mocema, gaReba, gakeTeba SeeZlo. Aara
marto specialobis arsi agvixsna da `artistoba~ Segvaswavla,
aramed cxovrebis maswavlebeli iyo, gagvagebina am qveyanaze ra
aris faseuli, risTvis Rirs cxovreba, risTvis unda ibrZolo
TavganwirviT, risken unda miiltvode gamudmebiT.
xom maxsovs, ra Wkuaze viyavi, roca Teatralur ins-
titutSi Cavabare. Aartistoba drostareba megona. Oori me-
cadineobis Semdeg Wkua gadamitriala, goneba gaminaTa, sxva
TvaliT davinaxe samyaro, adamianebi, Cemi specialobac. Sromas
migvaCvia da gvaswavla, ras niSnavs rolze, sakuTar Tavze,
speqtaklze muSaoba. Cven gvegona, rom misi swavlebis forma,
misi damokidebuleba Teatrisadmi, studentebisadmi, misi re-
peticiebi _ es normaa, ase unda iyos. roca davkargeT, mere
ufro mivxvdiT, rom bedma gagviRima da masTan Sexvedris bed-
niereba gangvacdevina. Cveni sulieri mama iyo.
kidev iciT, ram ganapiroba batoni miSas aseTi Tavganwirva
Cveni jgufis swavlebis procesSi? is ukve aRar iyo rusTave-
lis TeatrSi da mTeli dro, energia, gamocdileba, mignebebi
CvenTan mohqonda, CvenSi `Cado~, SesaZloa, amiT surda yve-
lasaTvis eCvenebina, kidev SemiZlia Sevqmna raRac Rirebulio,

223
 maradi berika

marTlac gaakeTa metad Rirebuli saqme: sruliad gamoucdel

axalgazrdebTan erTad Seqmna Teatri.
Kkidev erTi Tviseba minda gavixseno: TviTkmayofilebis si-
ames ver itanda, imwams `gamogafxizlebda~, getyoda: nu endo-
bi mayureblis taSs, Tayvanismcemlis qebas, premieris Semdeg
molocvebs. Ddamijere me da sul rolze ifiqre, eZebe kidev
axali svla. Nnu daujereb mas, vinc getyvis srulyofili iya-
vio, srulyofilebisken mudmivad unda iswrafvode, radganac
srulyofilebis miRweva SeuZlebeliao!..
marTlac, utyuari Tvali hqonda, katalizatoriviT iyo,
zustad getyoda, ra unda gaakeTo... rom gegona, ~curavdi
rolSi~, movidoda, zustad Segifasebda namuSevars, erT
sityvas getyoda da isev gaginaTdeboda goneba. erTi periodi
Teatridan wasvla momiwia, Tqven iciT ratomac. misi gardac-
valebis Semdeg davbrundi TeatrSi da... sicariele vigrZeni...
iciT, ra maklia? zusti Sefaseba, mas rom SeeZlo, iseTi,
Signidan `danaxva~ da Sefaseba...…
mxolod did Semoqmeds aqvs es Tviseba. erTi SexedviT,… `ub-
ralo ~ biZgs mogcems da yvelaferi TavisiT `lagdeba~. Bbaton
miSas erTi niuansis miTiTebiT mTeli roli Tvalwin dagidgebo-
da, xerxemali napovni gqonda, mere aagebdi xasiaTs. `qalaqis~
repeticias gavdivarT, cols vemSvidobebi da TaRSi unda gavide.
SemaCera da miTxra: `ra awuxebs daviT gelovans? is, rom Zve-
li cxovreba, urTierTobebi qreba, Coxas aRaravin atarebs. Aai,
amas ganicdis, Senc ise imoZrave, viTomc Coxa gacviao~. maSinve
`Cavavle~ xasiaTs. Aase daibada Cemi personaJis siarulis mane-
ra: gamarTuli, mxrebgaSlili moZraobebi, sul formaSi yofnis
survili ... mixeil TumaniSvili didi maestro iyo ~...

***

daviT gelovans maRali Ceqmebi ecva, Savi, grZeli xala-

Ti tanze hqonda Semowkepili, nacrisferi pijaki marTlac
CoxasaviT `dahqonda~, fafaxi exura da Tavdauxrelad dadio-

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da, welgamarTuls sakuTari persona saasparezod `gamohyavda~,

mama-papiseul cxovrebis wess ase agrZelebda. laparakobda
dajerebiT, moyvaruli ojaxis ufrosi iyo da aseve eqceod-
nen colica da Svilebic. raRac uRrublo, `daSaqrul~ yofas
waagavda maTi ojaxuri siamtkbiloba, magram... ai, gardacvlil
Svils, nestans, erTi dRiT `abruneben~ ojaxSi. is irCevs da-
badebis dRes, roca TerTmeti weli Seusrulda: mimqrali sxi-
viT ganaTebul scenaze ocnebasaviT TeTrad Semosili nestani
(nino burduli) mamis win dgas, sakuTari personiT aRtacebu-
li da damtkbari daviTi welgamarTuli Semodis, xelSi tor-
tis kolofi uWiravs, gaciskrovnebul saxeze netari Rimili
dasTamaSebs, xelebs ganze Slis, TiTqos, mTels samyaros
upirebs gulSi Cakvras da... Svils ki ver amCnevs: mama, damina-
xe, aq var, SemamCnieo _ evedreba nestani... daviTi isev farTo
nabijebiT uvlis ezos, TiTqos, arenaze brZandebao, sakuTari
mamobrivi siyvarulis demonstracias axdens, meqanikurad gai-
Zaxis: `vin aris Cemi sicocxle? vin aris Cemi gogo? mama rom
daberdeba, vin uyidis mamas kamfetebs?~ _ arc sakuTari Tavi
aviwydeba damtkbar-daSaqrul daviTs, magram isea sakuTari
personiT aRtacebuli, rom nestans verc amCnevs. maRla iyu-
reba, cariel sivrces umisamarTo mzeriT Sehyurebs, replikas
meqanikurad imeorebs da welgamarTuli isev dadis ezoSi...
mimqrali sxiviT ganaTebul scenaze Tvalcremliani nestani
dgas, mama isev welgamarTuli, mklavgaSlili, TiTqos mTel
samyaros upirebs gulSi Cakvraso, isev `daeZebs~ qaliSvils.
adamianebma erTmaneTis gulebisken savali gza dakarges. sa-
kuTari personiT dakavebulebi, saerTod veRar amCneven sxvaTa
satkivars, sawadels, samduravs. maT urTierTisgan gaucxoe-
buli Tanacxovreba SerCaT xelT _ gulistkiviliT gvimxels
reJisori msaxiobebTan erTad. usulgulobas Seejaxa nestanic,
amitomac isev civ simartoves Seexizna misi mgrZnobiare suli.
ase gadawyvites mixeil TumaniSvilma da msaxiobebma es
movlena, masSi saxierad Caaqsoves XX saukunis daundobeli
seni _ adamianis martoobis gancda.

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 maradi berika

`bedis gaRimeba, anu lili + miSa!~

(rusudan bolqvaZe)

r usudan bolqvaZe gamorCeulia pirovnuli da sasceno

kulturiT. scenazec da cxovrebaSic mowesrigebu-
lia; Svenis sada, magram moduri samosi; samkaulic, TiTqos,
misTvis Seiqmnao, imdenad moxdenilad atarebs. pirovnuli da
profesiuli Rirsebac amSvenebs. zeSTagonebis imedad ar aris,
gacnobierebuli aqvs ara marto zogadad profesiis arsi, anda
kerZod speqtaklis mizandasaxuloba, an Tundac, damdgmelis
koncefciisa da sakuTari msoflmxedvelobis Sejerebis auci-
lebloba, aramed yoveli movlenis mizani, misi personaJis
adgili Tu funqcia am movlenaSi. TamaSobs azrianad, rolis
saerTo monaxazica da yoveli niuansic gaTvlili aqvs. gan-
sakuTrebuli scenuri simarTle ki Sinagani sxiviT anaTebs,
gamohkveTs mis yovel personaJs, romelic aseve zustad migne-
bul `CarCoSi~ hyavs Casmuli. misi personaJebis saTuT Sinagan
sicocxles masStabs uqmnis garegnuli partituris feradova-
ni Strixebi, grafikuli monaxazis sizuste da daxvewiloba.
improvizaciuli siTamame gajerebulia gonebis urCi `kon-
troliT~ _ ase Txzavs rusudani Tavisi gmiris sasceno cxov-
rebas. misi yoveli personaJi am gawonasworebiT gviambobs
sasceno ambavs, sadac yoveldRiuri yofis detalebi, TviT
uaRresad `wvrilmani~ xveulebic SeniSnuli da scenaze ga-
datanilia umdidresi pirovnuli gumaniT, grZnoba-gonebis
tandemiT, racios primatiTa da teqnikis ostaturi flobiT.
pirovnuli pasuxismgebloba misi TamaSiTac SeigrZnoba da Te-
atrSi cxovrebis wesiTac. mis TamaSSi Wiatebs subieqturi
Wvretisa da obieqturi Sefasebis SejerebiT, farTo monasmisa
da niuansis msubuqi SenivTebiT warmoqmnili axali mTlianoba
_ kidev erTi adamianuri biografia.
rusudan bolqvaZem gaiara Cinebuli samsaxiobo skola _
iyo lili ioselianis mowafe, Semdeg ki kinomsaxiobTa Te-

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atris, erTmorwmune dasis wevri gaxda. 1978 wels TbilisSi

arsebulisagan gansxvavebuli Teatri Seiqmna, Tundac, Tavisi
gansakuTrebuli SinaganawesiTa da TeatrSi cxovrebis wesiT,
niWier msaxiobTa gildiiTa da gamokveTili individualobis
lideriT, romelmac ukve meored SesZlo TanamoazreTa gundis
SeduRabeba. 1980 wels am gunds rusudan bolqvaZe Seemata. man
Tavisi Tema, feri, intonacia SesZina dass da sakuTari adgili
moi pova iq, sadac maestros Tavis `msaxiobTa orkestrSi~, er-
Ti SexedviT, yvela `instrument-Semsrulebeli~ ukve SerCeuli
hyavda. rusudani advilad Seerwya dass, radganac safuZveli
saamisod ukve Cayrili iyo. Cveni dialogi am TemiT daiwyo.

***

`namdvilad, beds unda vumadlode _ Teatralur insti-

tutSi lili ioselianis jgufSi movxvdi, mere ki baton mi-
SasTan gavagrZele muSaoba. qalbatoni lili metismetad mom-
Txovnia, ukompromisoa, SefasebaSi zogjer daundobelic ki.
bevri ver uZlebs mis simkacres, SesaZloa, amis mizezia, rom
Tavdapirvelad Cveni jgufi xalxmravali iyo: 26 msaxiobi da
reJisori. mere jgufi gaiyo, xolo qalbaton lilisTan oTxma
msaxiobma davamTavreT da gavxdiT dasis wevrebi: nino burduli,
giorgi pi pinaSvili da me _ baton miSasTan, marika WiWinaZe _
rusTavelis TeatrSi...~
rusudani siamayiT, siTboTi, odnavi sevdiTac miambobs in-
stitutis wlebze. mexsierebidan amotivtivda: pirvelad misi
saxeli da gvari mixeil TumaniSvilisagan movismine. mivline-
bidan Camosulma mas institutSi mivakiTxe. gabrwyinebulma
miTxra: `wamodiT, naxeT, rogor muSaoben lilis bavSvebi
(Cvenc ase veZaxdiT: `lilis bavSvebi~, `miSas bavSvebi~), gansa-
kuTrebiT rusudan bolqvaZe da goga pi pinaSvili. mec mivdivar,
kidev unda vuyuro, rogor iqsoveba scenuri urTierTobebi.
Cven erTad vnaxeT sakurso speqtakli hauptmanis `martosu-

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 maradi berika

li~. vixileT rogoris dajerebiT, gatacebiT, unariT `qsov-

dnen~ studentebi sasceno ambavs.
rusudani ganagrZobs:
`institutSi bevrs vTamaSobdiT. repertuari gvqonda metad
mdidari: ilia WavWavaZe, daviT kldiaSvili, anton Cexovi, maq-
sim gorki, Seqspiri, hauptmani... viyavi dedac, ZiZac, maWankalic,
moaxlec, Seyvarebulic... mravali ti pis, asakis, mdgomareobis,
gansxvavebuli xasiaTis personaJebi viTamaSe, anu vicxovre maTi
cxovrebiT, rogorc qalbatoni lilis Segirdma. batoni miSas
studentis, nodar begiaSvilis sakurso speqtaklSi `zikovebi~,
mosamsaxures vTamaSobdi. akordeonze vukravdi. vswavlobdi
dakvras, mTeli dRe akordeoni mqonda akidebuli, vukravdi da
mTeli instituti Sewuxebuli myavda. speqtakli rom viTamaSeT,
batoni miSa momiaxlovda, xeli CamomarTva da momiloca. es
didi warmatebis niSani gaxldaT. mere, roca grZel derefanSi
mxvdeboda, yovelTvis gamorCeulad mesalmeboda. roca ganawi-
lebis dRe dadga, arsad gamanawiles. male qalbatonma qeTo
esaiaSvilma (kinomsaxiobTa Teatris dasis gamge _ n. a.) damire-
ka da miTxra, batoni miSa Tavis TeatrSi gTavazobs miRebaso.
ase aRmovCndi 1980 wlis seqtemberSi dasis Sekrebaze. pirveli
viyavi `garedan mosuli~.
bevri ram SeiZleba waiSalos mexsierebidan, magram ori
dRe verasodes amoiSleba gonebidan: `martosulis~ premiera
institutis patara scenaze da pirveli dRe kinomsaxiobTa
TeatrSi. roca batonma miSam warmadgina, msaxiobebma taSi
daukres, es arasodes damaviwydeba. bevrs institutidan vic-
nobdi. gansakuTrebiT maxsendeba zura yifSiZis gulTbili Sex-
vedra. pirveli roli am scenaze viTamaSe `bakulas RorebSi~.
speqtakli jer kidev Teatralur institutSi dadga batonma
miSam. mere aq gadmoitana, magram cota ram Secvala. gvian `Se-
vedi~ speqtaklSi da ramdenime roli viTamaSe~...
gansakuTrebuli bedi dahyva am speqtakls, sam aTeulze
meti welia, rac TamaSoben da arc aqtualoba daukargavs da
arc gamosaxvis formebi `moZvelebula~. msaxiobebic iseTi-

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ve gatacebiT TamaSoben, rogorc pirvel dReebSi. rusudani

Worikana Winkas roliT damamaxsovrda. gapranWuli Worikana
xosolianebis ojaxis ambavs iumoriT, xmaSi gareuli simwri-
Ta da damcinavi RimiliT gviambobs. zogjer sinanulic, bra-
zic, daqadnebac, gamafrTxilebeli intonaciac gakrTeba mis
xmaSi da saxeze gamoisaxeba gaoceba, gaogneba, simkacrec ki!
sicilisa da cremlis zRvarze daatarebs msaxiobi personaJs,
ironias gulTbili Sefaseba enacvleba, simkacres TanagrZnoba,
gakilvas Segoneba, gakenwvlas kvlav ironia da ase feradova-
ni SefasebiTa da intonaciiT gviambobs ori Worikana _ Winka
erTi kancelariisa da bakulas Rorebis ambavs. rusudan bol-
qvaZe am sevdanarevi komikuri situaciis kamertonad aRiqmeba
partniorTan, nineli WankvetaZesTan erTad.
...rusudani Cafiqrda, sakuTar TavTan gaaba uTqmeli dia-
logi da pauzis Semdeg, Cemi kiTxva gaimeora: `ra miviRe li-
li ioselianisagan da ra mixeil TumaniSvilisagan?~ qalbaton
lilisTan urTierTobiT gamomimuSavda profesiuli TviTSeg-
neba, Tavgadakluli Sromis unari, simarTlis gansakuTrebuli
SegrZenebisadmi midrekileba. sasceno simarTle _ upirvele-
sia, rasac is nergavs, iTxovs, moiTxovs!.. man Cawnexa CemSi
profesiis anbani, Tu SeiZleba iTqvas, maswavla wera-kiTxva.
baton miSasTan gavacnobiere profesiis arsi, romelsac stu-
dentobis dros qvecnobierad ukve vflobdi. 16 wlis asakSi,
Tundac oTxi wlis manZilze, rTulia profesiis srulad
gacnobiereba, mis arsSi gonismieri `Cawvdoma~, misi srul-
fasovnad gaTaviseba, magram saamisod niadagis momzadeba Zal-
ze mniSvnelovania. batonma miSam sistemaSi moiyvana is codna,
gamocdileba, unari, rac Cemi pedagogisgan SeviZine. gavvoc-
di, rodesac TeatrSi sarepeticio darbazSi dafa da carci
SevniSne. msaxiobebi formulebis saxiT aRniSnavdnen TavianT
mosazrebebs sasceno ambavze, Txrobis ama Tu im aspeqtze, ro-
lis funqciaze mTlian sasceno qmedebaSi da sxv. Zalze zusti,
lakoniuri, praqtikuli iyo es sqemebi. isini gawvrTilni iyv-
nen da roca kamaTobdnen, maSinac ki praqtikulad SesaZlebel

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 maradi berika

variantebs iSveliebdnen, mtkicebulebebs metismetad Zunwad,

magram zustad ayalibebdnen. TandaTan mivxvdi, batoni miSa
CvenSi damoukidebel azrovnebas, rolze damoukidebel muSa-
obas, Tanac koleqtiuri saqmianobis unars wvrTnida, amisken
gvibiZgebda da amisTvis gvamzadebda. am kamaTSi, speqtaklze
muSaobis amgvar procesSi yvela iyo CarTuli, mTavari ro-
lebis Semsruleblebic da epizodurisac. amitomacaa, rom
TiToeulma Cvenganma speqtaklebi kargad viciT. Cven xom misi
kunstruqciis agebaSi, `mSeneblobaSi~, `mopirkeTebaSi~ erTad
vmonawileobdiT. Tanac praqtikulad vigebdiT Cveni gmiris
samoqmedo areals, xvedriT wonas mTliani speqtaklisTvis.
Cven erToblivad vayalibebdiT koncefcias, dadgmis zeamocanas,
Semdgom ki erToblivad, praqtikulad veZebdiT saSualebebs am
koncefciis gamoxatvisaTvis, azris xorcSesxmisaTvis. mosaz-
rebaTa realizaciisaTvis vagnebdiT umoklessa da uswrafes
gzas, rom sasceno qmedeba konstruqciuli, dinamiuri, lako-
niuri da saxieri yofiliyo.
es aris idealuri varianti _ iyo lili ioselianis Se-
girdi da mixeil TumaniSvilis dasis wevri. amitomac vambob,
rom me bedma gamiRima~...
Cems gonebaSi wamomitivtivda Senobis kedlebze bavSvebis
warwerebi. aseT formulas Sevqmnidi: lili + miSa. bunebiT
orive maswavlebelia, gurua, erTi Ziris ganStoebaa. mixeil
TumaniSvili ara marto damoukideblobas aCvevda axalgazrda
msaxiobebs, aramed maTSi ayalibebda rolis avtorobis Seg-
rZnebas, personaJis `sasceno biografiis~ SeTxzvis moTxov-
nilebas da zrdida ara reJisoris karnaxis keTilsindisier
Semsrulebels, aramed rolis avtors, sasceno ambis Tana-
SemTxzvels, aqtiur Semoqmeds, marad maZiebel `mTxzvels~,
sasceno igavis gamomgonebels! reJisoruli Teatris aqilevsis
qusli _ msaxiobis inertuloba rolze muSaobis dros, gan-
sakuTrebiT sawyiss etapze _ am svliT daZleuli Canda. ru-
sudan bolqvaZe sadReisod amgvar artistad, rolis avtorad
gvevlineba. am TvisebiT arian gamorCeulni mixeil TumaniSvi-

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lis Segirdebi, misi dasis wevrebis umetesoba.

...rusudani agrZelebs xmamaRla fiqrs:
,,ra gansxvavebaa maT Soris? lili ioseliani, Tu SeiZ-
leba iTqvas, cxovrebis guTanSi Sebmuli xaria. es sifrifa-
na qali sakuTar TavSi atarebs Zalas, romelsac moZraobaSi
mohyavs sasceno Txrobis, sasceno `cxovrebis guTani~. is
ufro movlenis SigniTaa, Ria WrilobasaviTaa. batoni miSa
ufro msubuqia, haerovania, artistulia, meti ironia, meti
elastikuroba, meti dinamikaa masSic da mis speqtaklebSic. is
movlenas garedan daJinebiT Sescqeris, dakvirvebiT swvalobs,
Sig Wvretis simaxviliT SeaRwevs. ase agnebs movlenis arss
da msubuqad, TiTqos, erTi xelis mosmiT agebs adekvatur
konstruqcias, TavisTavad iqmneba kidec Sesabamisi atmosfero.
rogorc aRvniSne, qalbatoni lili SigniTaa, gulisfeTqvas
Signidan usmens, Tavis Tavze gadaaqvs, suls uberavs, ganicdis,
guliT daatarebs, gamoxatavs... batoni miSa movlenas garedan
SeigrZnobs, Seismens, aisxlets, umal gamoaqandakebs msubuqad,
ritmiT, CuqurTmiT, feradovnebiT. is gansakuTrebul gumans,
meeqvse grZobas, maxvil Tvals flobs.
lili _ klarnetia, altia, miSa _ violinoa~.
Tvalwin damidga manana anasaSvilis (isic lili ioselia-
nis Segirdia) speqtakli, `bnel oTaxSi~ (1979 weli). sami vo-
devili iyo gaerTianebuli erTi saTauriT _ rafiel erisTavis,
eqsbornis da franguli, romlis teqsti aRadgina lili iose-
lianma. speqtakli moxuci col-qmris urTierTobis CvenebiT
iwyeboda. rusudani da Tazo Toloraia, srualiad axalgaz-
rda msaxiobebi, TiTqmis erTad Sezrdil col-qmars ganasaxi-
erebdnen. sruli iluzia iqmneboda, rom erTad gatarebuli
eqvsi Tu Svidi aTeuli weli mZime tvirTad eqcaT. pirdapir
dialogs enacvleboda TiToeulis Sinagani monologi, romel-
sac xmamaRla gamoTqvamdnen: sayveduri, umaduroba, gulsitkena,
qiliki, ironia _ aTasgvari feri, intonacia, Sefaseba ifrq-
veoda scenidan. gaocebas iwvevda cxovrebiseuli namdvilobisa
da gamomgoneblobis organuli dakavSirebac. rusudani dafar-

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 maradi berika

fatebda scenaze, wawvetebul cxvirs TiTqos yvelgan hyofda.

cnobiswadiliT Sehyurebda Tanamemcxedres, winaswar icoda,
ras ityoda, ras moimoqmedebda igi, amitomac ironiuli Rimi-
li aekvreboda pirisaxeze, kmayofil mzeras daatanda repli-
kas da aw meramdened daaswrebda qmars survilis gamJRavnebas,
gvatyvevebda gardasaxvis teqnikis flobac, cxovrebiseuli
namdvilobac, wrfeli gancdac da gadamdebi onavrobac. maT
SesrulebaSi personaJebis distanciuri xedvaca da organuli
moqmedebac erToblivad mJRavndeboda. iumorsa da aRtacebas
iwvevda maTi improvizaciuli silaRec, TamaSis simsubuqec,
SeTxzvis niWierebac.
gansakuTrebuli ZaliT `afeTqda~ rusudanis individualo-
ba da rolze muSaobis efeqturoba meore vodevilSi _ `iWvia-
ni~. ymawvili qalis Camoqnil sxeuls amSvenebda moduri samosi.
iasamnisa da yviTeli feris SexamebiT Sekeril kabasa da quds
Snoianad atarebda. pewianad gamohqonda samzeoze mis tasikos
ganebivrebuli banovanis mTeli avla-dideba: usaqmurobisagan
gabezreba, gaxunebuli suliereba, erTferovani yofisagan Tav-
daxsnis survili da moyvaruli meuRlis ridi. natifi moZra-
obebi, maneruli metyveleba, Jiniani mzera, macduri Rimili,
keklucad Tavis rxeva, miamitad gabutva, balRuri aRtkineba
_ maraosaviT iSleboda es Tvisebebi msaxiobis Sefasebebsa Tu
replikebSi. personaJis sasceno biografia, col-qmruli ur-
TierTobebi naqsovi iyo msubuqad, faqizad, gamWvirvaled. sa-
xieri detalebiT, noqtiurnis tkbilxmovanebiT Sesrulebuli
sasceno ambavi iumorTan erTad, ironiis SegrZnebasac badebda.
rolis garegnuli partitura grafikosis sifaqiziTa da ru-
dunebiT iyo gamoyvanili. imdenad metyveli, maxvilgonivruli,
`mWermetyveli~ gaxldaT mimika, mzera, moZraobebi, imdenad
saxieri gaxldaT saqcielTa wyeba, grZnobaTa siwrfele, rom
rolis plastikuri monaxazi monologis ostatur kiTxvas Se-
etoleboda, axla erT epizods gavixsneb.
martodarCenil, moxdenil tasikos meuRlis lodini moT-
minebas ukargavda. is modas ayolili, Tanamedrove, damouki-

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deblobasa da netarebisaTvis `ganwiruli~ banovani gaxldaT.

magidaze sigaretis kolofs Tvals ver aSorebda, patara
`macduri~ andamativiT izidavda, saxes aridebda, dabindul
mzeras isev grZnobiT `styorcnida~, vnebaaSlili isev ndobiT
Sehyurebda. qmris namalevad swadda TuTunis moweva. sigare-
tis kolofs mzeras ver swyvetda. tasikos karisken mali-mal
gaurboda SiSnarevi Tvali, uxmod natrobda _ svimonikom
(Tazo Toloraia) ar momiswroso. gairindeboda. mere adgils
ver poulobda, mrgval magidas gars uvlida, karisken garbo-
da, gagulisebuli ukan brundeboda, amayad moiRerebda kisers,
dafeTebul mzeras isev karisken aparebda. warbebSeWmuxnuli
sevdianad amoioxrebda, xelebi isev uTrToda... mere gabutu-
li balRiviT Setrialdeboda, Tavs momxiblavad gaiqnevda,
Cafiqrdeboda, gadawvetilebis miReba amSvidebda, magidis-
ken saqmianad brundeboda, win mtkiced miiwevda, Sedgeboda,
Wirveulad aRmosTqvamda _ `ra vqna Tqveni WirimeTo~... kars
mkacrad gaxedavda, keklucad iRimoda, cdunebas ver uZlebda
da... siamovnebis momlodine idumalebiT venur skamze koxtad
Camojdeboda, mTrTolvare xels magidisken gaiSverda, Cerde-
boda, ukmayofilod isev karisken gaaparebda milulul Tvals,
mere macduri Rimili gaupobda gabutul bages, sigarets nela
da urCi ndomiT iRebda, fermkrTal saxeze Tvalebi uelavd-
nen, yvrimalebi xtodnen, Tvalebs milulavda, moqnili, na-
tifi moZraobiT misi mklavi haerSi kamaras Semohkravda. da...
dajerebiT gairWobda sigarets... asxletili sxeuli simiviT
daiWimeboda, akankalebuli xeliT asanTs gahkravda. uqreboda,
urCad gahkravda, isev uqreboda... bolos Jinianad daewafeboda
sigarets, SvebiT CaisunTqavda, nawyvet-nawyvetad amoisunTqav-
da da nela, RimiliT, rgolebad uSvebda kvamls. Snoianad at-
rialebda sigaretian mtevans, sakuTar Tavs `garedan~ Wvretda
da ixibleboda. mere sakuTar gambedaobas zeimobda, gitaras
miixutebda, laRad Camohkravda simebs moqnil mtevans da `mo-
guduli~ xmiT sakuTar simamaces muxambazs uZRvnida!
gabeduli, modas ayolili, emansi pirebuli ymawvili qali

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 maradi berika

`feministur meamboxed~ aRiqmeboda. iumori, ironia, cxovre-

biseuli simarTle, naturaluri realoba da gamonagonis onav-
roba erTiandeboda am rafinirebuli, Tavneba, anci TamaSiT.

***

,,gamorCeulad vixseneb iangarozasa da merkuris. iangaro-

za Cveni SeTxzulia. rezo gabriaZes sul oriod replikiTa
hyavs Semoyvanili iangaroza. Cven, batonma miSam da me erTad
SevuqmeniT iangarozas biografia, samoqmedo arena, qorwilze
mTeli movlena avageT masze. gamovigoneT misi individaloba,
siarulisa da laparakis manera. erT dRes bebiaCemis kabiTa da
dedaCemis fexsacmelebiT gamovcxaddi TeatrSi da Sevedi dar-
bazSi. bevrs egona, bebiaCemi dameZebda da ifiqres, ra mouvida
rusikoso, mere sicil-xarxari atyda. batoni miSa dakvirvebiT
miyurebda, mere adga, nela momiaxlovda, momesalma, daixara,
xelze meambora, xelkaviT scenaze amiyvana, mowiwebiT meqceo-
da, rogorc xandazmul iangarozas. orivem gaviTamaSeT patara
etiudi, iangarozasa da misi nacnobis Sexvedra. roca vuCveneb-
di, ras mivageni: rogor Semodis iangaroza, ra acvia, rogor
Sehyurebs axaldaqorwinebulebs mmaCis biuroSi, batoni miSa
Taviseburad afasebda, patara detals, Strixs daumatebda,
grafikul naxazs niuansiT Seavsebda... ase TandaTan daibada Ce-
mi iangaroza, romelic bebiasaviT axlobelia~...
rezo gabriaZis mier gadmoqarTulebuli TorTon uail-
deris `Cveni patara qalaqi~ batonma miSam 1983 wels dadga.
gamosaxvis formebi _ saTuTi, ganwyoba _ rekviemi, koncefcia
_ adamianurobisagan gaucxoebuli, Sinagani gulisxmierebisgan
daclili sazogadoeba. Teatrma unda Seaxsenos, unda uCvenos
maT, rom cxovrebis gamZafrebul ritms, yofis wvrilmanebs
ewireba WeSmariti adamianuroba, siTbo, Sinagani kavSiri ax-
loblebs Sorisac ki. rogorc batoni miSa ityoda _ `TeTri
weroebi mifrinaven, gvtoveben!~
rusudan bolqvaZe _ iangaroza Talxi kabiT, moZvelebuli

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 naTela arvelaZe

fexsacmliT, gacveTili redikuliT, damfrTxali gamoxedviT,

dagrexili sxeuliT, frTxili nabijebiT Semodioda scenaze.
mTeli arsebiT _ daCiavebuli sxeuliT, uTqmeli sevdiT, sa-
xeze aRbeWdili SiSiT, uxmauro gadaadgilebiT _ gamoxatavda
ubedurebis winaTgrZnobas! Semodioda damfrTxali iangaro-
za da Semohqonda avi winaTgrZnoba. iumorTan erTad, raRac
mwuxris molodini efineboda darbazs. rogor axerxebda amas
msaxiobi _ es maradiulad amoucnobi, miugnebeli, gauSifra-
vi idumalebaa, erTi ki faqtia, artistis sulis xveulebSi,
Sinagan samyaros miuwvdomel SreebSi, gonebis uSores perife-
riebSi imgvari lavaa Cagubebuli, romlis amofrqveva, gamona-
Teba, duRili grZneuli ZaliT atortmanebs sasceno sivrces,
darbazs, TiToeuli mayureblis gayursul grZnoba-gonebas. es
amofrqveva zogjer grandiozuli masStabisaa da mexTamtexavis
Zalmosilebas Seetoleba, maSin maRali tragediis gaTamaSebaa
SesaZlebeli. zogjer ki es amofrqveva Sinagani sxivis, sulis
aRmoTqmis idumalebas gvamcnobs. maSin grZneuli da faqizi,
wminda rituali sruldeba. ai, amgvari grZneuli, idumali,
gamWvirvale ritualis Sesrulebas Seetoleba iangarozas sas-
ceno ambis warmodgena msaxiobis mier. sulis natifi moZraoba,
Sinagani mouxelTebeli cimcimi, azris miuwvdomeli rxeva
Casmuli iyo garegnulad deformirebul `CarCoSi~ da es Se-
usabamoba badebda iumors, ironias, gulwrfel ovacias. aq
postmodernizmis simaxvile da daundobloba uneburad iCenda
Tavs. dro, epoqa, Tanamedroveoba amgvari niuansebiT iWyitebo-
da sasceno qmedebaSi, TamaSis wessa, Tu improvizaciul Ses-
rulebaSi. rusudani TumaniSvilis Teatris, ~wminda Teatris~
(piter bruki) Rirseuli artistia.
rusudanma aRsarebasaviT gamando: `merkuris roli, misi
miReba, misi TamaSi _ calke Temaa, SeiZleba iTqvas, dramatul-
komikuric ki msaxiobis biografiaSi. oriod wlis win, rodesac
`zafxulis Ramis sizmarze~ daviwyeT muSaoba, pakis rolze
vocnebobdi. batonma miSam elenes roli SemomTavaza da uari
ver vuTxari, Tumca elene Tavidan verafriT gaviTavise. ai, paki

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 maradi berika

ki, sul Tan msdevda. baton miSasac vuTxari, magram aq ufro

mWirdebi da ase jobiao, miTxra da amiT davamTavreT...~
rusikos Camoqnil sxeuls Zalze Svenoda gogi aleqsi-mes-
xiSvilis gadawyveta: Ria nacrisferi, abreSumis kaba, metad
`martiv~ Targze aWrili, magram klasikuri formiT Sesrule-
buli. is aristokrati ymawvili qalis figuras gamohkveTda
da gemovnebis demonstraciasac axdenda. elene sevdiani Seyva-
rebuli da uaryofili qali gaxldaT. misi rolis zeamocana
demetrios gulis monadireba iyo da amas kekluci Tavdajere-
biTa da miamiti sijiutiT aRwevda. elene ki ar dadioda sa-
saxlis derefnebSi, mokirwylul quCebsa Tu `daburul~ tyeSi,
aramed dahqroda. maSinac ki, roca savarZelSi iyo misvenebuli,
an demetrios elaparakeboda, misi goneba, sxeuli, mTeli ar-
seba _ dahqroda! am qrolvaSi ikiTxeboda ymawvilqaluri aR-
tkinebac, Seyvarebuli banovanis siSmagec, gaxelebuli TamaSis
azartic da... dakvirvebuli Semsruleblis zustad gaTvlili,
feradovani da saxieri gamomsaxvelobis sinatifec.
reJisoris mier Seqspiris teqsti, antikuri epoqis aTeni,
kostiumebica da aqsesuarebic aWrili, klasikur-modernuli,
arqeti pul-Tanamedrove `surneliT~ dakavSirebuli Canda. am
bewvis xidze Tavisuflad daxtoda onavari bakqi _ rusudan
bolqvaZe. teqsti da misi gamoTqmis forma, epoqa da mi-
si transformacia Tanamedrove scenaze, amaRlebuli sityva
da misi adaptacia amJamindeli rekvizitiT, iumors badebda,
epoqaTa zRvars Slida da Segnebuli ekleqtizmis organulo-
biT postmodernizmis TvisebaTa anareklad aRiqmeboda. dero-
mantizacia, amaRlebulis `yofiT realizmamde~ damdableba,
movlenaTa aWra, fragmentuloba, klasikuri teqstis, si-
tuaciis, Txrobis maneraSi Tanamedrove intonaciis, ferebis,
saqcielTa rigis Cawvna _ kargad ikiTxeboda rusikos Tamamsa
da improvizaciul TamaSSi...
rusudani ganagrZobs: `roca Jirodus `amfitrionze~ da-
iwyo muSaoba, ganawilebiT ZiZis roli mergo. gavida dro.
raRac moxda... zamTaria, ori dRe Tovda. Cven Teatridan Si-

236
 naTela arvelaZe

nisaken erTad gavudeqiT gzas. axlos vcxovrobT. WavWavaZis

prospeqtze trotuari moyinulic kia. mis mklavze var Camo-
kidebuli. ucbad, Sedga da meubneba _ `merkuris roli unda
iTamaSo~. gavogndi! masze sxva msaxiobi iyo daniSnuli, Tanac
megona, mamakacs unda eTamaSa aucileblad. batoni miSa Cerde-
ba da dasZens: `xom gindoda pakis TamaSi! hoda, ai, burTi da
moedani, iqrole ramdenic ginda!~ sixarulisagan xeli gavuSvi,
moyinul trotuarze vxtodi, vsrialebdi, vcekvavdi... batoni
miSa mijavrdeboda: `ras akeTeb, gogo, ar daece, fexi ar mo-
itexo!~ araferi mesmoda, bednieri viyavi, masTan xangrZlivi
repeticiebi meloda. gavxalisdi, megona, mTebs SevZravdi. mas-
Tan muSaoba bedniereba iyo~...
batonma miSam Jan Jirodus `amfitrioni-38~ 1994 wels
dadga. merkuri _ iasamnisfer mosasxamsa da sxeulze koxtad
morgebuli samosiT gamogvecxada. maxsovs, galaktionis `da-
binduli qliavis feri~ amekviata. kaSkaSa iasamnisferi axlac
merkuris feri mgonia, imdenad organulad iyo Serwymuli
kostiumis feri, moyvaniloba, msaxiobis grZnobaTa buneba da
moqnili moZraobebi. iupiteris erTgul macnes, Worikana mesa-
idumles, RmerTebis mstovars, iasmnisfer merkuri-rusudans,
niavis simsubuqiT, pirovnuli siamayiT, rCeulis dajerebiT
dahqonda Setyobineba iupitersa da alkmenes Soris, awes-
rigebda mbrZaneblis sumburul vnebaTaRelvas, dakvirvebiT
amzadebda dedamiwaze iupiteris `daSvebis~ ceremonials. mis
TamaSSi gajerebuli iyo zeciuri binadris `usxeulo~ simsu-
buqe da Worikana banovanis urCi cnobiswadili. intonaciasa
da moZraobebSic Cawnuli gaxldaT zebunebrivi, iracionaluri,
zmanebasaviT mouxelTebeli da metismetad yofiTi, yovel-
dRiuri, realuri Jesti, saubris manera, mimika, mzera... es
SenivTeba, realurisa da irealuris Serwyma, haerovanisa da
miwieris damoyvreba badebda iumors, gaocebas, ndobas msaxi-
obisa da misi personaJis mimarT. miTisaTvis zRapruli sabur-
velis Camocileba, miTis interpretacia, inteleqtualuri
dramis prizmidan Sefasebuli olimpos binadarTa cxovreba da

237
 maradi berika

dedamiwis mcxovrebTa yofa, scenaze adaptirebuli iyo msubu-

qad, natifi detalebiTa da gamomgoneblobis usazRvrobiT. ase
TamaSobdnen msaxiobebi, ase warmoadgenda iasamnisfer merkurs
rusudan bolqvaZec.
`gansakuTrebulad minda gamovyo mokarnaxis roli speq-
taklSi `don Juani~. premiera Cinebulad iTamaSa laura rex-
viaSvilma. me mxolod oTxi wlis Semdeg, 1985 wels `Seve-
di~ am gamomgoneblobiT aRsavse dadgmaSi. vTamaSob martoxe-
la qals, pedants, ai, Teatris Wias rom eZaxian, sul rom
fusfusebs, yvelafers rom amowmebs da namalevad buzRunebs.
reJisoruli gadawyvetiT, mokarnaxe gamudmebiT mimarTavs ma-
yurebels, pirdapiri kavSiri aqvs maTTan. amovirCevdi xolme
erT mayurebels, an erT jgufs da umetesad, maT mivmarTav-
di, roca Juanze vbrazobdi, an masze vzrunavdi. erTxanobas
gastrolebze xSirad mivemgzavrebodiT ingliss, espaneTs,
safrangeTsa da samxreT amerikis qveynebSi. monologs im ena-
ze vambobdi, sadac vTamaSobdiT. ufro metic, gadavwyviteT,
rom mokarnaxe antraqtis dros kulisebSi ar gadioda, scena-
ze rCeboda, sauzmobda da Tan mayurebels esaubreboda. zog-
jer Tavad mayurebelic gamomelaparakeboda. darbazSi darCe-
nilebi Tvals ar maSorebdnen. ase Seviswavle `sayvelpuro~
inglisuri, franguli, espanuri...
venesuelaSi erTi gaburZgnili ymawvili gamiSinaurda,
replikebs isroda. antraqtis dros, ludis qila ver gavxseni,
momawodeo, _ maniSna. gadaveci. daniT CaCxvlita da gadmoma-
woda, gamomelaparaka, kiTxvebiT amiklo, amdeni franguli ar
vicodi da viTxari, damacade, vsauzmob-meTqi. gulianad ici-
nodnen. speqtaklis Semdeg meloda, kafeSi wavediT da didxans
vuambobdi saqarTveloze, Cvens Teatrze, Cvens kulturaze.
saerTod, bevrs mekiTxebodnen: saidan CamovediT, vin varT...
buenos-airesSi akademiuri Teatris mdidrul SenobaSi
vTamaSobdiT. antraqtis dros vsauzmob. momiaxlovda erTi
Suaxnis, metismetad respeqtabeluri mamakaci, momawoda nayini,
jer uari vuTxari _ xmas vufrTxildebi-meTqi. mere arc acia,

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 naTela arvelaZe

arc acxela, rampas gadmoalaja, Cems gverdiT mokalaTda, na-

yini gamomiwoda, gamesaubra, sul miRimoda. Camofxatuli qu-
didan sasacilod miCanda yurebi, siciliT da siTboTi yuri
amiwia da isev Caxta darbazSi. aseTi Tavisufleba momewona
kidec. ingliseli mayurebeli ufro `akademiuria~, ase advi-
lad ar gagiSinaurdebian. TiTqos, verc mamCnevdnen. speqtak-
lis bolos erTi qalbatoni meloda: `darbazSi moaxloeba ver
gavbede, aq es miRebuli ar aris, argentineli var, televi-
ziiT gadacema mimyavs argentinul tangoze. Tqveni speqtakliT
moxibluli var~. gadmomca ramdenime kaseta, romlebzec ar-
gentinuli tangos ramdenime varianti iyo Cawerili. ase rom,
mokarnaxis rolma bevri megobari SemZina, Tanac praqtikulad
SevigrZeni sasceno Tavisufleba, darbazTan aseTi uSualo,
gulRia, saTuTi da Tbili kontaqtis mniSvneloba. amasTanave,
am bunebrivi kontaqtiT bevrs vigebdi im qveyanaze, xalxze,
adamianebze, kulturaze, sadac vTamaSobdiT~.

***
rusudan bolqvaZe sasceno kulturiT, sasceno momxibvle-
lobiT, azriani TamaSiT, ostatobiT gamoirCeva. Tanac pro-
fesiis arsi gacnobierebuli aqvs, inteleqtualia, ganaTle-
buli pirovnebaa. SeuZlia ara marto amoxsnas avtoris azrebi
striqonebs Soris, aramed sityvis sasceno transformaciis
saidumlosac flobs da sakuTari xilvebis realizaciis saSu-
alebebsac Tavisuflad agnebs. dro gadis, bevri ram icvleba
qveyanaSic, TeatrSic, scenazec, batoni miSas speqtaklebi
(`bakulas Rorebis~ garda) xan gamoCndebian repertuarSi, xan
ara. rusiko xan TamaSobs elenes, iangarozas, merkuris... xan
ara! enatreba misi sisxl-xorceuli axloblebi _ naTamaSebi
rolebi. sxvadasxva reJisoris speqtaklebSic TamaSobs azria-
nad, gatacebiT; kvlavindeburad enatreba saintereso rolebi.
ocnebobs, rogorc yoveli msaxiobi, karg rolze. axlac, am-
deni welia, Tan sdevs erTi roli... antigoneze ocnebobs.

239
 maradi berika

` msaxiobi aris feri-c~

(nino burduli)

n ino burduli mobilizebuli, mowesrigebuli, inte-

leqtualuri msaxiobia. Canaweric gadmomca, mowiwe-
biTa da gatacebiT mesaubra kidec Tavis or maswavlebelze:
`mas Semdeg, rac telefoniT SemexmianeT da Sexvedraze
SevTanxmdiT, sul es kiTxva mitrialebs TavSi _ ra momca
batonma miSam? ra Tqma unda, amaze sxva drosac mifiqria, mag-
ram axla sxvebisTvisac gasagebad unda Camovayalibo, amitomac
vamjobine, CameniSna Cemi mosazrebebi. Aase ufro zustad agneb
sityvebs, ayalibeb azrs.
ra momca batonma miSam ?
masTan pirveli Sexvedra ar damaviwydeba. Ggamomcdelad
Semomxeda da mkiTxa: ~sarkeSi yureba giyvars?~ davibeni, amas
ar velodi, amas Cems profesiasTan ra kavSiri aqvs? _ ga-
ocebulma gavifiqre. Mme lili ioselianis jgufSi movxvdi.
Cemma pedagogma maswavla, rom msaxiobi ~aris instrumentic
da Semsrulebelic~. oTxi wlis manZilze veuflebodi `ins-
truments~, Cems fsiqofizikur aparats. roca batoni miSas
Teatr-saxelosnoSi movedi, aRmoCnda, rom `msaxiobi aris
feri-c~. ase gaeca pasuxi SekiTxvas, romelic batonma miSam
pirvel Sexvedraze damisva. repeticiebze xSirad ambobda: `msa-
xiobma unda icodes, ra fers warmoadgens, rogori axali
feris miReba SeiZleba misgan sxva ferebTan urTierTobiT.
rogori suraTis Seqmnisas SeiZleba am feris gamoyeneba~. Ees
igivea, rac ukve viswavle qalbaton lilisTan, magram gansx-
vavebulic: `instruments~ rom daeuflo, unda icode, romel
instruments ra SesaZleblobebi aqvs, rogor musikas mouxde-
ba misi ~JReradoba~... ase Seikra wre~.
vusmen ninos da vfiqrob: mainc ra gansxvavebaa am or po-
zicias Soris? Qqalbatoni lili msaxiobis fsiqofizikur ma-
salas instrumentad moixseniebs, miuTiTebs msaxiobis orsa-

240
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xovan bunebaze: instrumenti da Semsrulebeli. Ees formula

saTeatro literaturaSi damkvidrebul terminTa Sesabamisia:
`masala da Semoqmedi~ (am termins aRmovaCenT koklen-ufrosis,
konstantine stanislavskis, kote yifianis, mixeil TumaniSvi-
lis, sxvaTa da sxvaTa Teoriul naSromebSi, Cemi azriT qal-
batonma lilim am formulis variacia, Tavisi varianti Seqmna
da amiT gaamdidra kidec Teoriuli gansjani saSemsruleblo
kulturaze). msaxiobis instruments (fsiqofizikur aparats,
masalas) obieqturad aRiqvam, is `Sen xar~, garedan Sefasebis
gareSe. Fferi ki unda SeniSno, daakvirde, garedan amoicno, e.i.
gWirdeba sarke. instrumenti da feri _ aq obieqtur-subieq-
tur faqtorTan gvaqvs saqme. feri _ niSania, garkveuli seman-
tikuri azris gamomxatvelia, masSi ukve Zevs interpretaciis,
azri-siuJetis Semecneba-Secnoba-gamoxatvis SesaZlebloba. ins-
truments (masalas) grZnob gamudmebiT, feri unda dainaxo. Ees
ori sapirispiro midgoma ki ar aris msaxiobis fenomenisadmi,
aramed erTi avsebs meores, qmnis erT mTlianobas.
vusmen ninos da vfiqrob, ra instruments, sakravs SeiZ-
leba Sevadaro misi individualuri `masala~? ratomRac arfa
damidga Tvalwin: misi kriala, cremliani, grZnobismieri, `mra-
valganzomilebiani~ bgeraTa simkvrive da simsubuqe, simebis
uswrafesi `gadawyobiT~ sxvadasxva tonalobisa Tu aranJi-
rebis miRwevis SesaZlebloba. Nninos personaJebs xan sulSi
Camwvdom melodiad, xan gamafrTxilebel bgeraTa wyobad, xan
nakadulis rakrakad, xan samejliso keTilxmovanebad, xan
bukolikuri simSvidis xmovanebad, xan dazafrul Zaxilad
aRviqvam. maT, umetesad, Tan sdevs `mdumarebis musikaluro-
ba~; ritualur-sakraluri, idumali JReradoba; harmoniisa
da diskomfortis uecari Senacvlebis tonaloba. misi TamaSi
arqauli bakqebis, berikebis onavrobasac waagavs da sakaro
Teatris sinatifesac gvaxsenebs. arfac xom arqauli sakra-
via, Tanamedrove `transkri pciiT~, mas SeuZlia, sxvadasxva
instrumentis JReradobas `SeuTanxmos~ sakuTari, an simebian
sakravebs Caenacvlos, gansakuTrebuli mgrZnobelobiT Seuer-

241
 maradi berika

Tdes orkestris JReradobas. arqeti pul-modernul arfasaviT,

ninoc oqrosfrad brwyinavs saTeatro orkestrSi.
`gangebam damasaCuqra _ orives Semaxvedra, Tanac gzis
dasawyisSi~...
fiqri isev gameqca: mainc ra fers mivusadagebdi ninos ar-
tistul individualobas? is arc vardisferi, arc cisferi,
arc Savi da neitraluri TeTria. Amas ver miakuTvneb erTi
romelime feris tonalobas. Aase aRviqvam mis mravalsaxeob-
riv monacemebs, ferTa gradaciad mesaxeba misi individualoba.
amas SevigrZnob misi TamaSis dros, es mgonia misi artistuli
individualobis niSani. is ar waagavs oxras an kaSkaSa TeTrs,
is ufro gardamavals, aWrils, natifs, ukve SexamebisTvis
gamzadebul `spilos Zvlisfers~ magonebs.
...nino isev Tavis or maswavlebelze miambobs: ~maT momces,
ufro zustad, Semaqmnevines is safuZveli, razec SemiZlia Ta-
visuflad avago nebismieri Senoba; SemiZlia, aSenebuli davan-
grio da sruliad sxva ram wamoviwyo _ safuZveli ukve maqvs,
is ar icvleba, rogorc grunti ferwerisTvis gamzadebul
tiloze. rac mTavaria, msaxiobs SeuZlia, iyos sxvadasxva in-
strumenti, sxvadasxva feri! aqedan gamomdinareobs msaxiobis
roli atmosferos SeqmnaSi, sxva komponentebTan erTad (deko-
racia, musika, sinaTlisa Tu xmauris partitura da sxv.)
ra momca mixeil TumaniSvilma?
batoni miSa zusti atmosferos Seqmnis didostati iyo.
magaliTad, sakmarisia davasaxelo Cemi sayvareli scena_qor-
wili, speqtaklidan `Cveni patara qalaqi~. komikuri ornamen-
tebiT moxatul bednierebaSi Cabudebuli tragedia _ Sefaseba-
Ta nairgvaroba, gamosaxuli msaxiobTa Wreli dasiT, romelic
genialuri diriJorobiT, mTavar rolSi mogvevlina, eqstra-
klasis orkestrad gardaiqmna~...
Tvalwin damidga es epizodi: grZeli magida da masze mid-
gmuli patara magida, romelzec muyaos momcro naWeri devs,
ormxrivi warweriT: Sav fonze – damkrZalavi biuro; wiTel-
ze _ mmaCis biuro. iangaroza-rusudan bolqvaZesTan saubris

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Semdeg, muyaos Semoabruneben da gaCndeba warwera _ `mmaCis

biuro~. nefe-dedofali garSemortymulia mSoblebiTa da me-
gobrebiT. giorgi (levan abaSiZe) da nestani (nino burduli)
dabneulebi Canan. es bunebrivia, mSoblebi _ ganicdian, esec
bunebrivia, stumrebi laRoben, esec bunebrivia. Aam buneb-
riv urTierTobaSi kidev erTi moqmedi personaJia _ is ar
Cans, replikebs ar ambobs, misi xma ar ismis, magram mis ar-
sebobas vgrZnobT, is yvelganaa: nefe-dedoflis siyvarulian
JRurtulSi, dedis (nineli WankvetaZe) dabneul gamoxedvaSi,
axalgazrdebis atacebul mxiarulebaSi, iangarozas sevdian
gamoxedvaSi. Uuecriv, scenaze gaiyina moqmedeba, Sewyda sasce-
no qmedeba, dedas akankalebuli xelidan gauvarda saqorwino
beWedi. daikarga, gaqra... ai, aq, am scenaSi, idumali da sev-
diani `personaJi~ _ winaTgrZnoba _ saxierad amoqmedda... TiT-
qos araferi Secvlila, magram TiToeulis saxeze gadaifrina
avi bedisweris aCrdilma. nestanisa da dedis mzera erTmaneTs
Sexvda _ is, rac aisaxa maTs gamoxedvaSi, is, rac gamoixata
am wuTieri pauziTa da `damZimebuli~ ganwyobiT _ SeuZlebe-
lia gamoiTqvas Cveulebrivi sityviT. es mwerlis ostatobas
ZaluZs mxolod! aseTi mravlismTqmeli, zustad gancdili
da gaangariSebuli, yoveli msaxiobi-figuris skulpturuli
`dgoma~, saerTo moqmedebisaTvis plastikuri monaxazis migneba,
am orkestrisaTvis uzado JReradobis miniWeba, mTrTolvare
xmovanebisa da idumali grZnobis wminda wuTebis aRmoceneba,
mxolod WeSmarit SemoqmedTa, mxolod sakralur ganwyobaTa
Seqmnis ostatTa xeldasmiTaa SesaZlebeli. avi winaTgrZnobis
mSfoTvare ganwyobam STanTqa `saqorwino saidumloca~ da sa-
qorwino ritualic. tragikuli simi aTrTolda scenaze da
msaxiobTa `orkestrma~ erTiani, sevdiani melodiis ramdenime
akordiT, am wyvilis bediswera warmoaCina.
Nnino ganagrZobs saubars: `CemTvis TeatrSi, iseve, ro-
gorc xelovnebis nebismier dargSi, atmosferoa mTavari. at-
mosferoTi iwyeba rolis Seqmna da atmosferoTi ganisazRvreba
speqtaklis xarisxi... Zalian miyvarda batoni miSas trenaJebi,

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 maradi berika

etiudebi, savarjiSoebi. roca etiudebis siuJets vigonebdiT

da vTamaSobdiT, udides siamovnebas viRebdi sxvadasxva atmos-
feros SeqmniT, rasac vaRwevdiT mxolod `sakuTari instru-
mentisa~ Tu feris SemweobiT.
ra momca batonma miSam?
msaxioboba mZime xvedria, ironiis gareSe ver iarsebeb.
qalbatoni lili ambobs: `yvelaferi, rasac cxovrebis manZil-
ze ganicdi, profesiul yulabaSi unda agrovo~. es niSnavs,
rom mTeli cxovreba atareb tvirTs, romelic ufro da ufro
mZimdeba. Ddrodadro Seni da sxvisi cxovrebis nakuwebisagan
qmni axal cxovrebas, magram yulaba arasodes carieldeba.
mudam meti da meti ginda gaakeTo. `Cveni patara qalaqis~ re-
peticiaze batonma miSam ninos rolis Semsrulebels (dare-
jan xaCiZes _ n.a.) uTxra: `Seni personaJi grZnobs, rom male
mokvdeba da amitom Cqarobs, unda bevri ram moaswros _ es
gansazRvravs mis temporitms~. Ees kargad davimaxsovre. Ees
Zalze mniSvnelovania.
batoni miSas da Cemi temporitmi Zalian gansxvavdeboda
erTmaneTisagan (Tundac imiT, rom mas sul erT TeatrSi yofna
erCia, me ki davqri sxvadasxva TeatrSi!), magram swored mis-
gan, masTan muSaobis dros viswavle, rom dro Zalian cotaa
da rac gainteresebs, is unda gaakeTo _ dRes!
ra momca batonma miSam?
msaxioboba paradoqsuli profesiaa, yoveli personaJi ra-
ime TvisebiT gamdidrebs, iseve, rogorc Sen _ mas, es `saCuq-
rebi~ Zalian Zvirfasia, magram axali personaJis Sesaqmnelad
aucilebelia adgilis gamoTavisufleba, rogorc batoni miSa
ambobda _ `msaxiobi sufTa furceliviT unda iyos, rom da-
xato is, rac ginda!~
batonma miSam sufTa furceli momca~...

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***
nestani, speqtaklidan `Cveni patara qalaqi~, impresionis-
tTa ferweruli tilodan `gadmosuls~ Camohgavda. Mmsaxiobi
Tavadac Tbili, gamWvirvale, moliclice ferebs, xazebs, moZ-
raobebs mimarTavda, raTa personaJis sulis rxeva da kamkama
azrebi aseve saTuTad aRebeWda sasceno sivrceSi. Mmas TeTri
kaba emosa da es feri misi sulis umankoebas, misi bunebis
siwmindes, adamianur mgrZnobelobas gamoxatavda. es erTgvari
niSani gaxldaT misi sulieri samyaros Sesacnobad. metisme-
tad yofiTi garemo, personaJTa miwieri survilebi da miznebi,
viwro Tvalsawieri da miswrafebebi erTi qalaqis cxovrebas
warmoaCenda, CaZiruls bukolikur simSvidesa da netarebaSi.
garegnul uSfoTvelobasa da xelSeuxeb harmonias mainc ar-
Rvevda adamianuri drama, adamianis satkivars mainc Sehqonda
am gayuCebul TanacxovrebaSi disonansi. Nnestanis arseboba
erTis mxriv am mSvidi Tanacxovrebis wiaRSi aRmocenebul
simyudroves daatarebda da imavdroulad, sul cvlilebis-
ken, siaxlisken, mdore yofis garRvevisken iswrafoda. Nnino
burduli erTsa da imave dros nestanis am qalaqis organul
nawilad arsebobasa da cvlilebisaTvis mis Sinagan mzaobasac
warmoaCenda. Ees `kontasti~ mis sulier samyarosa da tradi-
ciuli qalaqis yofas Soris jer kidev mkveTrad ar SeimCneoda.
is arsebobda, rogorc gamWriaxi gonis Sedegad aRmocenebu-
li da gaucnobierebeli miswrafeba. is am yofis nawilic iyo
da misgan gandgomis `gauformebeli~ miswrafebis matarebelic.
Aam `SeumCneveli~ saburvelis miRma arsebobda nestanis sulis
cimcimi da misi siyvarulis niWi, saerTod niWieri pirovneba.
msaxiobi bewvis xidze daatarebda Tavis personaJs, imde-
nad saTuTi niuansebiT warmosaxavda mis sasceno ambavs.

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 maradi berika

` Semodioda repeticiaze da iwyeboda jadoqroba ~

(zurab gewaZe)
ven kinomsaxiobTa Teatris mmarTvelis kabinetSi vsaub-
C robT. zurab gewaZe saqmianad miambobs:
`mixeil TumaniSvilma profesiuli azrovneba da praq-
tikuli moqmedebis unari SegvZina. mTeli cxovreba Segvicvala,
amitomac vambob, rom mas umTavresi adgili ganekuTvneba Cems
cxovrebaSi saerTod da ara marto profesiul yofaSi. minda
giTxraT, rom iRbliani kaci mgonia Cemi Tavi. gamimarTla, rom
Teatralur institutSi im wels Cavabare, roca TumaniSvilma
aiyvana kursi; gamimarTla, rom mis jgufSi movxvdi; gamimarT-
la, rom Cvens eqsperimentul jgufSi iyvnen: daviT doiaSvili,
daviT sayvareliZe, giorgi sixaruliZe. gamimarTla, rom Cveni
jgufidan xuTni wamogviyvana pedagogma Tavis TeatrSi: Tamar
gegeWkori, nanuka liTaniSvili, giorgi nakaSiZe, Temo natroS-
vili da me; gamimarTla, rom arsebobs misi naSromebi, romelTa
SemweobiT Teoriuli codna gavimyare da praqtikuli nabijebis
gadadgma gamiadvilda, roca am scenaze speqtaklebi davdgi;
gamimarTla, rom axla mis Teatrs vxelmZRvanelob da
kidev ... mec 6 Tebervals davibade, mxolod zustad naxevari
saukunis Semdeg. esec simboluri niSani mgonia. Cven yovelT-
vis aRvniSnavT mis dabadebis dRes _ mis sicocxleSi TeatrSi
vmarTavdiT `miSaobas~, axla saflavze gavdivarT, saRamos
vTamaSobT `bakulas~ an `qalaqs~.
eqsperimentul jgufSi Cven vswavlobdiT profesiis anbans,
specifikur unar-Cvevebs. batonma miSam gvaswavla speqtaklis,
rolis sqemis ageba, Tu figuris ageba SegiZlia, mere xorc-
Sesxma ukve giadvildeba, iolad TamaSob. konstantine sta-
nislavskis `qmediTi analizis meTods~ misi interpretaciiT
gavecaniT. Ffundamenti, ra Tqma unda, es meTodia, magram
Zalze sainteresoa batoni miSas variantic. TandaTan vxvdebiT,
ra saganZuria misi naSromebi, saerTod misi skola. Cveni valia,

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 naTela arvelaZe

es meTodi, misi mignebebi, misi mosazrebani sasceno Semoqmede-

baze, gadavceT momaval Taobas, skola – didi Zalaa...
Semodioda TeatrSi, gareT datovebda yofis wvrilma-
nebs, yoveldRiur Tavsatexs, ojaxis sazrunavs, Semodioda
sarepeticio darbazSi da iwyeboda jadoqroba. Ees aris did
xelovanTa Tviseba, RvTiT momadlebul niWTan erTad, floben
raRac Tilismas, rom aRmtaci ganwyoba daibados. Bbatoni miSa
xSirad axsenebda uznaZis ganwyobis Teorias. Cveni moZRvari,
TiTqos, gvaxedebda iq, adamianis Sinagan samyaroSi, mis fsiqi-
kaSi. gvibiZgebda, rom monawileoba migveRo speqtaklis Seqmnis
procesSi. misTvis mTavari iyo procesi, is procesi, roca
iZerweba speqtakli, personaJebi, iqmneba `axali~ fsiqofizi-
kuri figura, Seni fsiqofizikuri individualobidan `ibadeba
axali~, Sengan, magram `sxva~...
Mmaxsovs, saSineli pirobebi gvqonda, uSuqoba, sicive,
srola, paltoebiT gavdivarT repeticiebs, magram... iReba kari,
Semodis mixeil TumaniSvili, miixuravs kars da... yvelaferi
gvaviwydeba, Cven ukve sxva planetaze varT, sxva registriT
vcxovrobT, saerTod sxva ganzomilebaSi varsebobT... am pro-
cesis monawileni ganvicdiT kaTarziss, SemoqmedebiT wvas,
rogorc Tavad ambobda _ SemoqmedebiTad Tu ar daiferfleT,
ise araferi gamovao. Tanac ise gawvdida rolis marcvals,
monaxazs, mis funqcias speqtaklSi, amocanas, ratom iqceva
swored ase am situaciaSi, rom darwmunebuli iyavi, Tavad
miageni, TviTon Seqmeni xasiaTi.
rom ara TumaniSvili, misi skola, qarTuli Teatri ar
iqneboda iseTi, rogoric aris~.

***
zurab gewaZe speqtaklSi, ~bakulas Rorebi” gvian `Sevi-
da~. Kkacias jer murman jinoria TamaSobda Zalze saintere-
sod, mere nodar duglaZe, isic kargad. sami aTeuli wlis
manZilze xSirad icvlebodnen Semsruleblebi. Mmere zurabi

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 maradi berika

dainiSna am rolze. sami dRe baton miSas calke umuSavia mas-

Tan da mxolod Semdeg Cautarebia repeticia mTeli Semadgen-
lobiT. umetesad, axali Semsrulebeli an asistents `Sehyavs~
speqtaklSi, an Tavad msaxiobebi karnaxoben, saidan Semodis
personaJi, ras akeTebs, saiT midis, rodis gadis scenidan. am
SemTxvevaSi dairRva es `tradicia~. batoni miSasTvis imdenad
mniSvnelovania, ar dairRves sanaxaobis mTlianoba, organulad
moxdes axali `moTamaSis~ adaptacia sanaxaobis SreebSi, rom
Tavad muSaobs masTan da albaT, yovel niuanss awvdis, amas-
Tanave, uTuod, cdilobs raime gansxvavebuli svla, Sefaseba,
intonacia SesZinos personaJs.
zurab gewaZes igive kostiumi acvia, Tavze Camofxatuli
farfliani qudidan warbebi TiTqmis ar uCans. kopebSekrul
pirisaxes gamyinavi mzera kidev ufro met simkacres hmatebs.
kacia nela Semodis kancelariis mosacdel darbazSi, kuTxeSi
momwyvdeuli nadiriviT Sinaganad borgavs, undo mzeriT afa-
sebs momCivan Tanasoflelebs. mTeli misi sxeuli, namalevi
mzera, an brazmoreuli gamoxedva adasturebs, rom kacia ara-
vis daindobs, vinc Seecdeba rkinigzis gasayvanad mis saxnav-sa-
Tess mtkaveli miwac ki CamoaWras. is Tavis uflebas, simwriT
mopovebul sarCo-sabadebels icavs da Tundac, soflis sasi-
keTod, aravis dauTmobs naamagar miwis nakveTs. ase mgonia, ka-
cias rolis marcvali mepatronis undoblobaa. Ees feri tons
aZlevs mis yovel saqciels, moZraobas, Tavis daWeris maneras,
gamoxedvasa Tu Wirveul Sefasebas, sul oriod replika, sul
oriod epizodi, magram imdenad zustad aris gaTvlili ro-
lis funqcia, misi adgili sasceno ambis ganviTarebaSi, rom
personaJi gamokveTilad gamosaxavs mTavar saTqmels _ am sof-
lad yvela sakuTar gasaWirs mohyavs kancelariaSi `sekretar-
Tan~, qrTamsac ar iSureben, oRond sakuTar wadils miaRwion,
saqveyno saqmisTvis ki aravin zrunavs, am Segonebis warmoCenas
cdilobs msaxiobic.

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` cocxali organizmi da sanaxaoba ~

(ramaz ioseliani)

amaz ioseliani TeatrSi meloda. siamovnebiT damTan-

r xmda, gvesaubra mixeil TumaniSvilze. Tvalebi ub-
rwyinavda, iumoriTa da xalisiT miambobda Tavis
maswavlebelze:
`Cemi cxovreba or nawilad iyofa. baton miSasTan erTad
TeatrSi da uimisod, isev TeatrSi. Mman Cagvinerga Teatri-
sadmi siyvaruli. Mmasze axlobeli aravin myavda ojaxis wev-
rebis Semdeg. Mman Semiyvana mSvenier `qveyanaSi~, Teatri rom
hqvia, iq ki mTavari figura batoni miSa iyo. mTeli cxovreba
mxolod am samyarosTvis da am samyaroTi cxovrobda. iseTi
SegrZneba maqvs, rom axlac CemTanaa. sul gverdiT vgrZnob mis
arsebobas, masze vamowmeb Cems namuSevars, misi TvalebiT vu-
yureb rols, romelic unda Sevqmna. Mmas velaparakebi, minda
movusmino, ras metyvis. Aasea yvela misi mowafe. Cven yvelani
misi `matareblebi~ varT. Tavs viWer xolme, rom Cemda une-
burad mis moZraobebs vimeoreb, krialosans mec vatareb, re-
peticiaze ar vigvianeb, ar vacden, momzadebuli movdivar _
mas ki ar vbaZav, ubralod, rac Caminerga, imas mivyvebi, imas
vakeTeb da TavisTavad vagrZeleb TeatrSi cxovrebis im wess,
rasac man migvaCvia. sisxlSi maqvs gamjdari da sxvagvarad
ar SemiZlia. Cven rigiT speqtakls ki ar vTamaSobT, aramed
axal-axal svlebs vagnebT da improvizaciiT vcdilobT, yo-
veli warmodgena am mignebaTa xarisxiT gavamdidroT. mxolod
yoveli migneba esTetikuri unda iyos. Bbatoni miSa Tavad iyo
daxvewili, esTeti, sinatifis moyvaruli, is pirveli mteri
iyo ugemovnebo sanaxaobisa.
xom ici, rogoric var _ bevr rames ver vurigdebi, vbuzRu-
neb, vWiWyineb. masTanac vWirveulobdi. erTxel miTxra _ axla
emociebi gaxrCobs, modi, erTmaneTs werilebi mivweroT. weris
dros azrebs ukeTesad daalageb, emociebic meore planze ga-

249
 maradi berika

daiwevso, Aase ukeT gamagebineb, rac gindao. Mmivwere werili.

gamovTqvi yvelaferi, rasac mis mimarT vgrZnobdi. Ppirdapir
mivwere _ Tqven Cemi meore mama xarT, uTqvenod ra viqnebodi,
ras SevZlebdi-meTqi. emociuri werili gamomivida. meore dRes
TeatrSi rom Sevxvdi, mgrZnobiared miTxra _ es ra momwere,
rogori aRsareba iyo! Tu amas fiqrob, Tu amas ganicdi, guls
ratomRa mtkeno. Tqvenc xom mtkenT guls _ ar davuTme da
mere ki bevri vicineT. amas yvela grZnobda, yvelasTvis, mar-
Tlac, mama iyo.
me Zalze moZravi, sul ukmayofilo, maZiebeli adamiani var,
erT adgilze ver vCerdebi, sul vfiqrob, sul vkiTxulob, veZeb
piesebs, minda aRmovaCino CemTvis saintereso personaJi. Bbaton
miSasTan piesebi mimqonda, xan erTs SevTavazebdi, xan meores. sul
mawynarebda da, xumrobiT `gaumaZRari artisti~ Semarqva.
visac masTan ar uswavlia, ar umuSavia, repeticiaze ar
unaxavs _ man ar icis, ra aris TumaniSvili! rogor emzadebo-
da artistebTan Sesaxvedrad, rogor gvixsnida TiToeul rols,
ra saSualebebs flobda, rom gaexsna artisti, qvecnobierze
emoqmeda, cnobierad mieyvana msaxiobi im Sedegamde, rac sur-
da. ise SeumCnevlad, logikurad, dajerebiT `migakvlevinebda~
rolis fsiqofizikur bunebas, yovel Strixs, detals, niuanss,
rom Tavad Seni migneba gegona. ise agiwyobda scenas, ise CagiT-
revda SeTxvzis procesSi, rom gamosaxvis saSualebebi, TiTqmis
TavisiT ibadeboda. iseT atmosferos, iseT situacias qmnida,
rom goneba gaginaTdeboda, advilad iwyebdi moqmedebas. insti-
tutSi iseT etiudebs, savarjiSoebs gamoigonebda, rom `tvins
gagixsnida~, mere advilad vagnebdiT formas. SeuzRudavi fan-
tazia hqonda. erTsa da imave etiudis, an Temis damuSavebis
dros, uTvalav variants SemogTavazebda. amitomac viyaviT ase-
Ti amayebi, gvegona, sul ase viqnebodiT ganebivrebulebi.
ise ki, yvelaferi icoda: riTi vcxovrobT, ra gvainte-
resebs. madridSi, gastrolebis dros, gabrazebuli viyavi,
CemTvis davdiodi marto. ra Tqma unda, dros vixelTebdi Tu
ara, pradoSi gavrbodi. etyoba, ramdenjerme daminaxa da mere,

250
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roca SevikribeT, xmamaRla ganacxada: ai, naxeT ramazi sul

muzeumSi dadioda, pradodan ar gamodiodao. Ggavbrazdebodi
rameze, mere gamivlida wyena, masTan gavrbodi. Mmasze axlo-
beli aba, vin myavda. ramdens gviTmenda!
axlac cocxlad maqvs aRbeWdili gonebaSi, rogor amixsna
galaqtionis roli. `bakulas Rorebi~ erTi SexedviT Zalze
`ubralo~ siuJetze agebuli nawarmoebia, magram rogor aris
amoxsnili kldiaSvilis samyaro, ra siRrmeebia SeniSnuli da
gaazrebuli! Mmaxsovs ase miTxra _ Cven unda vuCvenoT mayu-
rebels patara adamianis istoria, movuTxroT, ra daemarTa
mas, ver i pova Tavisi adgili cxovrebaSi da rogor mivida
iqamde, rom `danosi~ dawera. Cven unda vuCvenoT procesi –
patara adamianis gasaWiri, moxeleebis usulguloba, Rirsebis
Selaxva, SurisZiebao. TiTqos ubrali detalia, magram mTeli
ambavia am detalze agebuli: mZinavs, zenaTis kivili maRviZebs,
meCxubeba coli, isev viZineb, mere gacecxlebuli coli me-
muqreba, namZinarevi vicvam Ceqmebs, ai, Ceqmis Cacma iyo prob-
lema. miWirda fexze momergo Ceqma. es calke etiudi gaxldaT,
Zalze momgebiani svla msaxiobisaTvis. es epizodi stimuls
maZlevda organulad meTamaSa kancelariisa da `lxinis~ scene-
bi. motivirebuli saqcieli da myari xerxemali _ ase migvaCvia
batonma miSam rolze muSaobas.
kritikuli situacia yoveli movlenis centrs warmoadgen-
da.. ase migvyavda reJisors da me galaqtioni `danosis~ daweris
epizodamde. magram am scenaSi SurisZiebas efineboda sxva, ufro
mniSvnelovani Sreebi _ aRsareba, sevda, tkivili, Selaxuli
Rirseba. Aam pauzaSi yvelaferi unda warmomeCina, radganac
mTavari iyo, meCvenebina mizezi da Sedegi `danosis~ dawerisa,
gamomexata sulieri mdgomareoba adamianisa, romelic miiyvanes
am situaciamde. am scenaSi atmosfero Zalian mexmareboda. gan-
wyobas qmnida ganaTebis SemweobiTa da gansakuTrebuli siCumis
miRweviT, es pauza `danosis~ daweramde da Semdgom, metismetad
mniSvnelovani gaxldaT. msaxiobi pauzaSi Cans: es piano, Zalze
zusti atmosfero qmnida gansakuTrebul viTarebas. ras iTxovda

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 maradi berika

batoni miSa? ras aRwevda msaxiobTan erTad? formulis saxiT

Camoayalibebda _ `cocxali organizmi~ da sanaxaoba. rolis
mTeli partitura am amocanis Sesrulebasac gulisxmobda. Ees
svla avtomaturad amoqmeddeba xolme, radganac mTels fsiqo-
fizikur aparatSi gvaqvs gamjdari.
repeticiaze yovelTvis momzadebuli modioda, magram Cven-
Tan erTad Txzavda yovel movlenas, Sefasebebs, ferebs. ro-
gor iwyebda repeticias? es rituali gaxldaT, am ritualiT
SevyavdiT sxva garemoSi: Semovidoda, Tavis mrgval, patara
magidasTan skamze daeSveboda, mobilizebuli da garegnulad
mSvidi. Ggaxsnida di plomats, amoiRebda piesas, patara zars,
Tavis ganuyrel patara joxs, krialosans... es rituali gviqm-
nida ganwyobas... da iwyeboda raRac gansakuTrebulad guliTa-
di cxovreba. amiT qmnida sakralur samyaros, sulis TrTolis
ganwyobas. aba, rogor vendo da gavyve repeticiaze reJisors,
romelic piesas TeatrSi tovebs, pianinoSi aTavsebs, mere re-
peticiis win amoiRebs da gadaSlis, araviTari ganwyoba ar
iqmneba! roca sxva reJisorebTan gvixdeba Sexvedra, im msaxi-
obebTan erTad gviwevs muSaoba, romlebic ar yofilan batoni
miSas studentebi da ar Sexvedrian mas repeticiaze, Zalian
gviWirs maTTan erTad TamaSi. Cven `miSistebs~, `seqtantebs~
gveZaxian, imaTac uWirT Segueba Cveni muSaobis formasTan.
igrZnoba, rom Cven skola gvaqvs `gavlili~, maT ki ara. es
skolaa rom gangvasxvavebs baton miSas mowafeebs. Zalian gan-
vicdi, rom ikargeba es skola.
YyoveldRe modioda TeatrSi, iSviaTi gamonaklisis gar-
da. Mmodioda uSuqobis, sicivis, srolis miuxedavad. navTis
quras avanTebdiT, an SeSis Rumels da vsaubrobdiT maRal
materiebze. ityoda xolme _ Cven varT berebi gamoqvabulSi,
`seqtantebi~, Cveni mrwamsis erTguli Seficulebi. ase gadavi-
taneT umZimesi wlebi. bednierebi viyaviT! Cven guru gvyavda!
Bbolos merve saavadmyofoSi vinaxule. pledi exura, mci-
vao _ miTxra. axlos ar moxvide, SeiZleba gaciebuli var da
gri pi ar gadagedoso. dasustebuli Canda, mere Cumad miTx-

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ra: `nu kiTxulob~. davibeni, mTeli cxovreba imas ambobda _

ikiTxeT, bevri ikiTxeT wignebio da axla ras meubneba! Uuceb
mivxvdi. im xanebSi televiziiT xSirad miwevda gamosvla mxa-
tvruli kiTxviT. xom ici, Cveni ambavi, zogjer daudevrobas,
upasuxismgeblobas viCenT. zogjer pirdapir wignidan vkiTxu-
lobdi leqss, amitomac meubneboda _ nu kiTxulobo. pirdapir
kamerisTvis unda meyurebina. marTali iyo, roca pirdapiri
mniSvnelobiT kiTxulob teqsts, ver amyareb sagangebo ur-
TierTobas `mayurebelTan~, ikargeba intimi, ver qmni atmos-
feros. Cveni moRvaweobis nebismieri sfero _ misi interesis
obieqti xdeboda, misi Sefaseba obieqturi da saqmiani gaxl-
daT. Cumad laparakobda, Zalas atanda Tavs: `Sen dramatuli
artisti xar, maimunobas daanebe Tavi~... pledic exura, magram
mainc scioda, Tvalebidan ki uwindeburi siTbo iRvreboda.
xeli Sevacure pledis qveS, fexebi marTlac civi hqonda. uc-
nauri siaxlove vigrZeni, magram aseT finals ver davuSvebdi,
ar megona, Tu odesme dagvtovebda, saerTod aravis gvifiqria
amaze... es iyo Cveni ukanaskneli Sexvedra. meore dRes garda-
icvala... Cven guru davkargeT~...

***
xSirad aRvniSnav, rom baton miSas mowafeebs advilad
amoicnob scenaze arsebobis formiT, TamaSis wesiTa da profe-
sionalizmiT. erTma kinoreJisorma gaoceba gamoxata da gulw-
rfeli kmayofilebiT miTxra: `filmis gadasaRebad axalgazrda
msaxiobebs veZebdiT. miTxres, rom miSa TumaniSvilis Teatris
dasidan SemerCia. sasiamovno mogonebad damrCa maTTan muSao-
ba. scenarSi iyo berikebis epizodi, isini soflidan sofelSi
daexetebodnen da marTavdnen sanaxaobas. rolebze davamtkiceT
amiran amiranaSvili, rezo imnaiSvili, ramaz ioseliani, manana
da Tina menabdeebi. rogorc xdeba, pirvel Sexvedraze vilapa-
rake scenarze, daviwye rolebis `axsna~, veubnebi, ras minda
mivaRwio maTi epizodiT, rogorebi unda iyvnen berikebi... Se-

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 maradi berika

maCeres. Zalze saqmianad meubnebian _ `Tqven migviTiTeT Cveni

epizodis funqcia, gviTxariT Janri, ambavs da TamaSis xerxs
Cven Tavad SevTxzavT~... es pirveli SemTxveva iyo Cems praq-
tikaSi, rom msaxiobebi ase `laparakobdnen~, aseTi formiT
erTvebodnen filmis gadaRebis procesSi, aseTi Tavisuflebi,
damoukidebeli muSaobisTvis iyvnen mzad. Ees reJisorTan ur-
TierTobis sxva saxeobaa, maRali safexuria. roca gadaRebuli
masala vnaxeT, yoveli kadri momwonda. maT damuSavebuli hqon-
daT yoveli detali. berikuli Teatris silaResa da iumors,
improvizaciuli TamaSis xibls vgrZnobdiT da montaJis dros
ver vimetebdiT amosaRebad romelime kadrs. es TumaniSvilis
damsaxurebaa, man WeSmariti profesionalebi aRzarda. didi
saqme gaakeTa erovnuli saSemsruleblo kulturisTvis~.
reJisorTan SemoqmedebiTi urTierTobis am enasac flo-
ben kinomsaxiobTa Teatris is msaxiobebi, romlebmac gaiares
Teatraluri institutis eqsperimentuli jgufis swavlebis
forma, mixeil TumaniSvilis skola. amitomac SesaZlebelia
iTqvas, im SemTxvevaSic ki, roca maT roli ar gamosdiT, ma-
inc igrZnoba am skolis mniSvneloba. isini gamodian scenaze
raime Zalze sagulisxmo saTqmelisaTvis, isini qmnian saq-
cielTa rigis partituras, WeSmarit sasceno qmedebas. maTi
yoveli saqcieli, Sefaseba, moZraobac ki motivirebulia, sa-
naxaobrivad saintereso da organulia.
Aam princi piTaa agebuli daviT kldiaSvilis moTxrobis,
`bakulas Rorebis~, inscenireba cotne nakaSiZis mier (mwerlis
sxvadasxva nawarmoebebidan nawyvetebis montaJiT), reJisoruli
interpretacia da samsaxiobo ansamblic, givi ceraZis scenog-
rafiaca da giuli daraxveliZis mier damuSavebuli simRerebic,
sasceno metaforaTa sistemaca da TamaSis wesis organulobac.
iseTi STabeWdileba iqmneba, rom speqtakli, `bakulas
Rorebi~, batonma miSam ramazisTvis dadga, misi msaxioburi
individualobis Targze `aWra~ galaqtion xosolianis ambavi.
magram rodesac sanaxaobas uyureb da meyseulad giTrevs mov-
lenaTa dinamika Tavbrudamxvev ritmSi, xvdebi, rom warmodge-

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na, misi yoveli epizodi monawile msaxiobebis individualur

bunebazea `gamoWrili~. amitomacaa, rom yoveli monawile am
ambis sruluflebiani protagonisti_mTxrobelia. maTs Soris
ki, uwinaresad, Tavad ramaz ioseliani, rogorc am siuJetis
mamoZravebeli muxti.
ramaz ioseliani TamaSobs tragi-komedias, farsuli ele-
mentebiT `Sekmazuls~. msubuqi da gamWvirvale misi gamosaxvis
saSualebebi warmoaCenen ambis anegdotur_komikur sawyissac
da dramatul koliziasac. Ee.w. `patara adamianis~ drama, su-
lieri SeWirveba, ekonomikuri siduxWire, axali viTarebis
winaSe moumzadebloba, pirovnuli sibeCave Caqsovili aRmoC-
nda qveynis socialur-politikur movlenaTa dinebaSi, ufro
zustad, ~patara adamianis~ dramam itvirTa katalizatoris
roli, raTa Seqmniliyo qveynis zneobrivi da socialur-po-
litikuri mdgomareobis realuri suraTi. am mozaikis mTavari
feri galaqtionia, romlis ambavi simboluri niSania ama sof-
lis yofa-cxovrebisa. ramaz ioselianis personaJma am jvris
zidvac itvirTa. mTeli soflis mcxovrebTa mozaikurma wyobam,
galaqtionis pirovnulma dramam, anekdoturma siuJetma, Ta-
maSis wesma, sasceno ambis lokaluri rkalis miRma gaaxeda
mayurebeli, daanaxa degradirebuli yofis simZimili da mTeli
sicxadiT warmoaCina saxelmwifo-sociumi-adamianis urTier-
Toba, rogorc darRveuli realobis simbolo. Aam darRveuli
realobis erTi `kenWi~, erTi xveuli, erTi feris `WanWikia~
galaqtioni, msaxiobis Cinebuli SesrulebiT.
moTxrobaSi yanidan dabrunebuli galaqtioni Seeswreba
zenaTis Cxubs. speqtaklSi mconara galaqtionia gamoyvanili.
ezoSi, fardagze wamogorebulsa da nabaxusevs sZinavs. aq
gaTamaSebulia qarTuli zRapris, `nacarqeqias~ kliSe, misi
adaptirebuli varianti, oRond, nacarqeqias sazrianoba devTan
Sebmis epizodSi, aq modificirebulia `danosis~ daweriT. Ta-
vad zRapris didaqtika (`xerxi jobia Ronesa~...), Secvlilia
mowodebis simaxviliT, aqcenti gadatanilia sociumis, yoveli
adamianis pirovnul pasuxismgeblobaze. Uuzneo, uiniciativo

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 maradi berika

sociumi da morCili adamiani _ aseTi sqemis arsebobas aujan-

yda reJisori, Tavis gundTan erTad. amitomac, speqtaklis
dasawyisi, galaqtionis `nacarqeqiobis~, anu misi erTi feris
_ sizarmacis pedalizebuli warmoCena, xasiaTis gaxsnisaTvis,
Sinagani stimulis aRmocenebisaTvis moifiqra reJisorma da
msaxiobma saxieri detalebiT `gaacocxla~ misi karnaxi, gviC-
vena, rom masSia Cabudebuli uwinaresad uRirsebo yofis um-
Tavresi mizezi, sxva obieqtur mizezebTan erTad.
Nnaxevrad mZinare galaqtioni ver icvams Ceqmas. Ees etiu-
di gaTamaSebulia cocxlad, iumoriT, saxierad. Mmayurebeli
xalisiT erTveba sasceno ambavSi, xolo msaxiobs es `detali~
exmareba Sinagani mobilizebisaTvis, ganwyobis SeqmnisaTvis,
samoqmedo distanciis mosinjvisaTvis, sarbeni bilikis `aTvi-
sebisaTvis~ da kidev... startis mdgomareobis warmoCenisaTvis.
aseTi `patar-patara~ gamaRizianeblebi mimobneulia speqtakl-
Si, raTa TiToeulma msaxiobma am `winaaRmdegobaTa~ gadalax-
vis procesiT mTavari saTqmeli reliefurad warmoaCinos.
ramazi saguldagulod emzadeba startisTvis, did distan-
ciaze rbolisTvis. am etiuds asrulebs gulmodgined, didis
rudunebiT, gemos Caatans xolme am `umniSvnelo~ dasawyiss.
mere kancelariis mosacdel darbazSi SiSnakravi Sedis. mTeli
sofeli ayrila `sekretarTan~ saCivlelad. ramazis `saCivari~
gansakuTrebulad makvarancxi gonebis nayofia _ stumrad epa-
tiJeba naTesav moxelesa da kancelariis ufross, ase surs,
daaSinos da daamciros Tavgasuli mezobeli. ramazi warmoaCens
mravali grZnobisa da azris nazavs: misi isedac mileuli sxe-
uli, saocrad gaknaWulia, moxrilia Txovnis niSnad, saxeze
uxerxulobis, SiSis, imedgacruebis, imedis, xvewna-mudaris
ferebia `azelili~, gafarToebul TvalebSi ki ukan `xelcari-
eli~ dabrunebis Zrwolaa aRbeWdili. SaSasa da `sekretaris~
winaSe ucodinari mowafesaviT aris atuzuli, Tanac bodiSs
ixdis SewuxebisaTvis. ramazi meqanikurad afasebs Tanasofle-
lebs, maTi gasaWiris gaziarebisTvis ar scalia, bakulas
Rorebisagan awiokebul galaqtions sakuTari sadardebelic

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hyofnis! Mmere ki, roca stumrobaze daiTanxma kancelariis

ufrosoba _ welgamarTuli, mxrebgamarTuli, gazrdili da
galaRebuli gaemarTeba Sinisaken. Ees uecari metamorfoza Ri-
milTan erTad, tkivilsac badebs, radganac adamianis viwro
interesis demonstracias axdens msaxiobi-moqalaqe da am erTi
sagulisxmo svliT saxierad warmoaCens Tavis saTqmels.
rolis kulminacia stumrebis dasaxvedrad SemarTuli ga-
laqtionis metyvelma saqcielma gamosaxa: Coxa-axaluxSi ga-
mowyobili galaqtioni qancgawyvetili, yvelafers da yvelas
`fexqveS egeba~, misi mzera iq, soflis Saragziskenaa mimar-
Tuli, amitomac meqanikurad esalmeba Tanasoflelebs, anga-
riSmiucemlad upasuxebs SekiTxvebze. is mTlianad danTqmulia
Tavis sawuxarSi, gavleniani Cinosanis mxardaWeriT mopovebul
Svebasac Taviseburad zeimobs, imasac, Tanasoflelebis Surian
mzeraSi mis mimarT pativiscemasac rom awydeba.
Mmere jarasaviT trialebs galaqtioni, brZanebebs Tvale-
biT gascems, xeldabanili stumrebi rampasTan Camwkrivdebian
da `SeaSineben~ bakulas. SuaSi Camdgari galaqtioni gaocebas,
sixaruls, uxerxulobas, madlierebas, daqadnebas da mainc
ukmarisobis grZnobas erToblivad gamoxatavs. ierdakargul
saxeze kaeSani da Sveba erTdroulad irekleba, didxans Seh-
yurebs sivrces. iq, jagnarSi misi ojaxis amomgdebi eguleba.
sevdanarevi medidurobac ikiTxeba mis mravlismTqmel pau-
zaSi. mere ki, rodesac bakulas Rorebi lxinis dros isev
Semoesevian xosolianebs da atydeba wivil-kivili, roca
pativcemuli stumrebi RorebTan erTad airevian da wumpeSi
Cawvebian, gulmkvdari galaqtioni isev gahyurebs jagnars.
axla mis TvalebSi tkivilTan erTad, soflis samduravica
da Selaxuli Rirsebac ikiTxeba.
Ppirovnuli drama mTeli sisavsiT gamoxata msaxiobma
`danosis~ SeTxzvis epizodiT. Sefiqrianebul, SeSfoTebul,
damcirebul da Seuracxyofil galaqtions soflis abezari
`Winkebi~ gadaeyrebian, ironiasTan Sezavebuli gulmxurvale-
biT ucxadeben TanagrZnobas da... onavari `Winkebi~ CaimRereben

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 maradi berika

sizmris ambavs, Tan gamomcdelad Sehyureben dazafrul Tana-

soflels:
`wuxeli sizmari vnaxe, _ angelozTa mTeli gundi,
yvelas Tavze daexura kozirokiani qudi~ ...
galaqtioni Sedga, saxeze sevdis nakvalevi gauqra, Tva-
lebSi Svebis simxurvale Caudga, moqirqile Rimilma dausera
pirisaxe da imedianad wamoisrola: `danosi!~ simReris erTma
pasaJma _ `kozirokiani qudi~, kanoni da misi fsevdodamcveli
moxeleebi gaaxsena, am sityvebma ubiZges SurisZiebisaken. me-
re Sedga, Tvalebma axla simZimili da urva gamoxates, mere
simSvide daeufla da... gadawyvetileba miiRo! Aaxla Winkebi
`afarTxaldnen~ sulSi da SurisZiebam `davluri dasca!~ ga-
laqtioni `danosis~ dasawerad moemzada! sinaTle Caqra sce-
naze, mrume sibneleSi adamianis zneobrivi dacemis aqti ga-
movlinda, sinaTlis WavliT ganaTebuli galaqtioni axla
`dacemuli angelozis~ niSans gamoxatavs. Cabnelebulma scenam
personaJis Sinagani dacemis aqti TvalsaCinod gvamcno!
msaxiobis erTma rolma codva-madliani wuTisoflis wre-
brunva da adamianis zneobrivi dakninebis simZimili masSta-
burad gamoxata. Mmisi TamaSiT, sasceno qmedebis saxierebiT
gamoisaxa damdgmelis princi pi _ `cocxali organizmi~ da
sanaxaoba~.

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`monusxuli viyavi misi pirovnebiT~

(zaza miqaSaviZe)

z aza miqaSaviZesTan gansakuTrebulad Tbili urTierTo-

ba makavSirebs. jer erTi imitom, rom kinomsaxiobTa
Teatris FfuZemdebel aqtiorTa gundis wevria, meorec _ rain-
duli megobrobis niWiTaa dajildoebuli. mas ufrosi Taobis
msaxiobebTan mokrZalebuli, magram guliTadi urTierToba akav-
Sirebda. zaza da rezo imnaiSvili erosi manjgalaZis mzrun-
velobiTa da gulTbili urTierTobiT iyvnen ganebivrebulni.
erosim isini `miiRo~ da Seikedla, rogorc sulieri megobrebi,
Tavisi ukidegano sikeTis kalTa gadaafara da orives mfarve-
lobda. gadauWarbeblad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom es ori ymawvili
im mcirericxovani gundis `sruluflebiani~ warmomadgenlebi
gaxdnen, erosi gansakuTrebuli siaxloviT rom eqceoda. Tavad
igi gamudmebulad garemoculi iyo megobar-naTesavebiT, ganu-
zomlad mimoabnia sikeTis Tesli, uamravs uangarod daxmare-
bia, araerTisTvis namdvili Zmoba gauwevia, magram maT Soris
mxolod ramdenimesTvis uSurvelad gauxsnia gulisa da binis
kari. zaza da rezo mogvianebiT gaxdnen misi axlobeli umcrosi
kolegebi. maT erosis Svilobilebs veZaxdi.
mixeil TumaniSvilma, roca suxovo-kobilinis `saqme~ Seitana
repertuarSi, muromskis rolze erosi manjgalaZes dubliorad
dauniSna rezo imnaiSvili. maxsovs, roca rezom pirvelad iTamaSa
muromski, erosis rogori sixaruli hqonda aRbeWdili saxeze.
pirvelma man miuloca da daloca umcrosi megobari, kolega.
baton miSas xSirad uTqvams, zaza da rezo am Teatris
WeSmariti Tayvaniscemlebi, erTgulebi da uRalatoni ariano.
sayovelTaod cnobilia, rom Sida saTeatro cxovrebis gaZRo-
la metad rTulia. am postze pirovnebas ar Svelis mxolod
organizaciuli monacemebi, kidev saWiroa cxovrebiseuli sib-
rZne, romelic zogjer Ralatobs adamians, miT ufro, ro-
ca mxrebze gawevs wlebi da mRelvare cxovreba xelovnebaSi.

259
 maradi berika

mixeil TumaniSvili am mxriv ar iyo gamonaklisi. marTalia,

mas TiTqmis uSecdomod SeeZlo Seefasebina TiToeuli msaxio-
bis monacemebi da maTi TamaSi, magram scenis miRma `saTeatro
bataliebi~, kulisebs miRma winaaRmdegobani zogjer Zneli
daasZlevi xdeboda. ai, aseT wuTebSi `uCinrad~ aRmoCndeboda
xolme lideris gverdiT rezo, miT ufro erosi manjgalaZis
gardacvalebis Semdeg, erTgulebasa da saqmisadmi uangaro da-
mokidebulebas metad afasebda batoni miSa, radganac Secdoma
saTeatro cxovrebis am ubanze ufro Zneli gamosasworebeli
Canda, vidre scenaze daSvebuli uzustoba, an bolomde amo-
uxsneli epizodis xelaxla damuSaveba.
saerTod ki unda aRiniSnos, rom batoni miSa saocari
sizustiT daaxasiaTebda xolme kolegebs, msaxiobebs, Tavis
studentebs, Teatrmcodneebs, adamianebs, vis garemocvaSic im-
yofeboda. Aadamianismcodneobis iSviaTi niWiTac gaxldaT da-
jildovebuli. iseTi STabeWdileba iqmneboda, rom `rentgenis
sxivebiT~ hyavda gaSifruli TiToeulis adamianuri samyaro,
TiTqos, afTiaqis sasworze hqonda `awonili~ yoveli Cvenga-
nis Tvisebebi. roca Tavad adamianur sisustes iCenda, an vinmes
guls stkenda, yovelTvis SeeZlo, aexsna, ratom Caidina ase-
Ti saqcieli. roca vinmes usamarTlod eqceoda, uneburad an
gaazrebulad iCenda simkacres, yovelTvis SeeZlo eRiarebina
`codva~ da miteveba eTxova. visac axloblad miiCnevda, Teatr-
Si mis mimarT zogjer ufro met simkacres avlenda, sxvebis-
Tvis magaliTi rom yofiliyo. yvelas fasi icoda, amitomac
ufrTxildeboda rezosa da zazasTan urTierTobas. ambobda
kidec: `yovel gaerTianebas, miT ufro `msaxiobTa kavSirs~
aRmoaCndeba xolme erTi an ori pirovneba, romelTa arseboba
zogjer gansazRvravs kidec am erTianobis xangrZlivobas~.

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***
ninelisa da zazas kinomsaxiobTa TeatrSi mcire xniT Sev-
xvdi. orives erTi kiTxva davusvi: ra roli miuZRvis baton
miSas Tqvens cxovrebaSi? zazam uyoymanod mi pasuxa: `ubralod,
roli ki ar iTamaSa Cems cxovrebaSi, aramed mTavari, gadam-
wyveti roli Seasrula. arc ki vici, ra iyo CemTvis - mas-
wavlebeli, moZRvari, ufrosi megobari, gzis gamkvalavi ...
yvelaferi erTad! umniSvnelovanesi adamiani gaxldaT yvela
CvenganisTvis. Tavidan verc davuSvebdi, rom xorcieli adami-
aniviT isic Wamda, svamda, megona, rom zebunebrivi pirovneba
iyo, gamorCeuli, gansxvavebuli, verc warmomedgina, yofiTi
problemebi Tu awuxebda, an yofaSi rogor iqceoda. is yovel-
Tvis mowesrigebuli modioda institutsa Tu TeatrSi, pirad
satkivarze arasodes saubrobda. icvamda ubralod, magram pe-
wianad, am mxriv upretenzio Canda. yvelaferi TeatrisTvis
undoda! Tavisi profesiisaTvis, msaxiobebisTvis, repeticii-
saTvis, axali svlebis mignebisTvis cocxlobda, magram yvela-
ze yvelaferi icoda. amas rogor axerxebda? gumani hqonda ga-
saocari! axsna-ganmartebis gareSeE xvdeboda wvrilmansac ki.
me sareJisoroze vabarebdi, eqsplikacia davwere - `zafxu-
lis Ramis sizmari~. konsultaciebze etiudebsac vasrulebdi.
axla mecineba Cems eqsplikaciazec da reJisorobis survilzec,
msaxiobobis xibls veraferze gavcvli! monusxuli viyavi ba-
toni miSaTi da samsaxioboze varCie gadasvla. iciT, rogori
mSvenieri wlebi gavatareT institutSi, Cvens `me-11 audi-
toriis TeatrSi!~ gasaocari niWiT gaxldaT dajildoebuli
_ gaerTianeba, erTi ideiT SekavSireba, gataceba, Tavdadeba
saerTo saqmisaTvis, amaRlebuli ganwyoba, wminda wuTebis
aRmoceneba misi stiqia gaxldaT. Tavdauzogavad vmuSaobdiT.
`avaSeneT~ Cveni Teatri, maRaziidan mogvqonda muyaos didi
yuTebi, vaSenebdiT scenas, kulisebs, dekoraciebs, vkeravdiT
kostiumebs, yvelani viyaviT Cabmulni am TamaSSi; xalisiT,
TavdaviwyebiT vqmnidiT SemoqmedebiT atmosferos, vTxzavdiT

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 maradi berika

etiudebs, vigonebdiT siuJetebs, vamuSavebdiT mocemul piro-

bebSi Temis ganviTarebas, saqcielTa rigs, vagebdiT sanaxaobis
sqemas... vmuSaobdiT TavdadebiT, gvjeroda Cveni masawavleblis
meTodisa da mivyvebodiT mas gatacebiT. vgrZnobdiT, rogori
siswrafiT veuflebodiT Cveni profesiis anbans, TandaTan imde-
nad gagvwvrTna, rom nebismier Temaze SegveZlo etiudis sqemis
ageba, urTierTobaTa daZabuli azrobrivi da fizikuri par-
titurebis Seqmna, kulminacias maqsimaluri orTabrZolebis
saSualebiT gamovyofdiT da iseTi oromtrialiT vTamaSobdiT,
rom bolos omgadaxdilebiviT viyaviT.
batoni miSas reperticiebze yvelani viyaviT CarTulni ama
Tu im epizodis damuSavebaSi, SeTxzvis procesSi. amitomac,
TiToeulma Cvenganma MmTeli speqtakli zedmiwevniT viciT. es
`fokusi~ moqmedebda uSecdomod _ CvenSi zrdida, wvrTnida,
amzadebda WeSmaritad TanaSemoqmedTa gunds, gagvimZafra ro-
lis avtorobis moTxovnileba da misi miRwevis unari. Tanac,
aseTi muSaoba kravda gunds, amTlianebda mTel dass.
saerTod, batoni miSa SekavSirebis, ideiT gaerTianebis
niWiTac gamoirCeoda. rodesac gadawyda kinomsaxiobTa Teat-
ris Seqmna (saxelosnos TviTon uwodebda), erTad aRmovCndiT
popularuli kinomsaxiobebi da Cven, sruliad axalbedebi. ma-
Sin Senobis remontis gamo, kinokavSiris Tavmjdomarem siko
doliZem, mesame sarTulze dagviTmo farTi. iq vikribebodiT
da vatarebdiT repeticiebs, savarjiSoebsa da etiudebs. unda
genaxaT, CvenTan erTad rogori mondomebiT varjiSobdnen ukve
saxalxo artistebic: duduxana weroZe, leila abaSiZe, lia
eliava da sxvani, batonma miSam Cven yvelani gagvaerTiana. pir-
veli speqtakli, levan WeliZis `esmeralda~, am SekavSirebis,
TaobaTa gaerTianebis Sedegad daibada: erosi manjgalaZe, iura
vasaZe, vaniCka sayvareliZe da yvelani, erT `enaze~ vlapara-
kobdiT, amis miRweva ar iyo ioli, magram man esec SesZlo.
marTalia, kinogadaRebebis gamo ufrosi Taobis msaxiobebi
xSirad veRar eswrebodnen repeticia-savarjiSoebs, magram ma-
Ti enTuziazmi da ndoba reJisoris mimarT, uzomo gaxldaT.

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 naTela arvelaZe

mere sxvebic SemogvierTdnen: lia kapanaZe, isic TumaniSvilis

mowafea, Salva xerxeuliZe, megi wulukiZe, kote dauSvi-
li, vasil CxaiZe, givi ToxaZe,E da sxvani... mere axlebi Se-
mogvematnen... ase CamovyalibdiT Teatrad da ara saxelosnod.
axalgazrda msaxiobebi daiaxlovo da maTgan Seqmna Tanamoaz-
re-TanaSemoqmedTa jgufi, roca reJisori maTi Tanatoli ar
aris _ es Zalze rTulia. Cven brmad vendobodiT, yovelgvari
pragmatuli miznis gareSe, vendobodiT da mivyvebodiT imitom,
rom gvwamda misi. mas ki araferi undoda TeatrSi repeticiis
meti! Cven es vicodiT da vcdilobdiT tkivili ar migveyenebi-
na misTvis. Cven TeatrSi, masTan ufro met dros vatarebdiT,
vidre ojaxSi da es bunebrivad migvaCnda. yovel Cvengans ukeT
icnobda, vidre TiToeuli sakuTar Tavs. iciT, ra vigrZeni
misi gardacvalebis dRes? TiTqos, raRac Camwyda SigniT, si-
cariele vigrZeni... batoni miSas Semdeg vis unda gavyolodi?
ase darCa misi adgili _ carieli. rogor maklia rezo da
Tazo! am TeatrisTvis verc erosi Secvala vinmem.
raRac sevdiani saubari gamogvivida, iciT ratom? sul
vfiqrob, rom Cvenc ki, vinc vicodiT misi fasi da ar gviRa-
latia misTvis, bolomde mainc ver gavacnobiereT, ra rangis
xelovani gvyavda liderad. romelime dasavleTis qveynis Se-
moqmedi sul sxvanairad icxovrebda, cnobili reJisori iq-
neboda msoflioSi, Tumca, aRiareba arc aklda. 1988 wels
edinburgSi gastrolebis dros, sxva Teatrebis bilborde-
biT aWrelebuli iyo qalaqi, Cven amis saSualeba ar gvqonda,
mxolod erTi afiSa ityobineboda: `gindaT, naxoT namdvili
molieri? naxeT TumaniSvilis `don Juani~! piter bruki~. da
es sakmarisi gamodga imisTvis, rom yuradRebis centrSi aR-
movCeniliyaviT, gavimarjveT! mere, roca 1995 wels Seqspiris
festivalze `zafxulis Ramis sizmari~ viTamaSeT, piter bru-
ki inglisSi specialurad Camofrinda, rom speqtakls daswre-
boda. Cven isev yuradRebis centrSi movxvdiT. gavimarjveT!
mixaria, rom bolos mainc gamoscada saerTo aRiarebis, ga-
marjvebis sitkboeba, moismina aRtacebuli mayureblisa da kri-

263
 maradi berika

tikosebis saqebari sityvebi, SeigrZno ucxoeli kolegebis siT-

bo da Tayvaniscema, Tumca, boloxans arc saqarTveloSi aklda
gulwrfeli aRiareba. TumaniSvili Tavisi mowafeebis kerpi iyo.
mixaria, rom maTgan siyvaruliT ganebivrebuli gaxldaT. vwux-
var, rom jer kidev ZiebaTa JiniTa da unariT aRsavsem dagvtova,
kidev SeeZlo axal mignebaTa, aRmoCenaTa xarisxiT repeticiebze
Cveni aRmafrenis miRweva, mayurebelTa gaoceba~...

***
fiqri, sevda, movlenaTa analizi Tan dahyva Cvens Sexved-
ras. Cveni dialogis dros xan erTi speqtakli damidgeboda
Tvalwin, xan meore, xan erTi roli maTi SesrulebiT, xan
meore, xan erTi migneba, xan meore... isini Seyvarebulebs
TamaSobdnen cotne nakaSiZis speqtaklSi `darabebs miRma ga-
zafxulia~. laSa TabukaSvilis piesa da misi interpretacia
`TumaniSvilis Teatris~ ZiebaTa rkalSi imyofeboda, TamaSis
wesiTac SeigrZnoboda misi skolis princi pebi. erTi epizodi
gansakuTrebiT CamrCa mexsierebaSi. maSin nineli da zaza cxov-
rebaSic Seyvarebulebi iyvnen. maTi TamaSic mSvenieri grZno-
bis wilnayari gaxldaT. isini Zalze uxdebodnen erTmaneTs
cxovrebaSic. es amaRlebuli silazaTe, siyvarulis siance da
siSmage SemohqondaT scenaze, rogorc maTi sulieri samyaros
`vardis furclobis niSani~. marTlac, gazafxulis feradov-
neba, sixalise, Tavbrudamxvevi silaRe, axlad amowverili
balaxis sinorCe da gaRviZebuli bunebis silamaze ifrqveoda
maTi mzeridan, xalasi JRurtulidan, TiTqos, giJmaJi vneba
fexareuli dahqroda. gazafxulis Tavneba ritmi, momnusxve-
li siTbo, damaTrobeli surneleba Wiatebda, roca niniko da
koka Semorbodnen scenaze. grZneuli idumaleba, avis momaswa-
vebeli garindeba Tan dahyveboda maTs giJmaJ grZnobas. am me-
ore planis gaTamaSebis ostatoba sul mcire _ gamocdilebas
iTxovda. isini xelobas flobdnen, amitomac agnebdnen rTul
svlebs, cxovrebiseul namdvilobas da scenaze gadahqondaT

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 naTela arvelaZe

mravalplaniani urTierTobebi, niuansis tonaloba da movle-

nis perspeqtivis SegrZnebac.
maTi TamaSiT igrZnoboda realur faqtebsa Tu viTarebaze
dakvirvebis, maTSi gansakuTrebulobis SemCnevis unari da xelov-
nebis rangSi aziduli `namdvilobis efeqti~. `TumaniSvilis sko-
lis~ princi pi Zaldautaneblad arsebobda SegirdTa namuSevarSi.
saerTod, mixeil TumaniSvilisaTvis adamianur urTierTo-
baTa amocnobis, adamianis Sinagan samyaroSi odiseis Sedegad
mikvleuli svlebis gamWvirvaled warmodgenis ostatoba imde-
nad mniSvnelovani gaxldaT, rom yovel speqtaklze am procesTa
Tvalyuris midevneba metad saxalisoc ki iyo, imden siaxles
gvTavazobdnen msaxiobebi improvizaciuli Sesrulebis dros. es
svla mxolod movlenis arsis Secnobis saSualebad ganixile-
boda. meore da umTavresi, ufro rTuli nabiji ki gaxldaT im
`CarCos~ migneba, romelSic unda `Caesva~ reJisors niuansebiT
daxunZluli da myarad agebuli am movlenis siuJeti, anu im
stilistikis, gamosaxvis feradovnebis, plastikuri naxazis,
intonaciis JReradobis, TamaSis wesis erTianoba, romelsac
xelovnebis xarisxSi `ahyavda~ konkretulad es movlena da
amasTanave, mTeli sanaxaobac. axla dona elviras Zmebis epizods,
im versias ganvixilav, Teatrma rom SemogvTavaza
mocemuli pirobebi: don Juanma miatova dona elvira da
gaiqca. Zmebi daedevnen, raTa daabrunon, an misi sikvdiliT
Camoirecxon Seuracxyofa. karlosi ar icnobs Juans, xolo
meore Zmas, alonsos nanaxi hyavs. SemTxveviT, don Juani gada-
arCens don karloss da am momentidan iwyeba movlena: kulise-
bidan ismis daSnaTa SexeTqebis xma, wkriala falcetiT gahki-
vis don karlosi _ Zmas uxmobs SiSnakravi ymawvili: `alonso,
alonso!~ xmalamowvdili don Juani - murman jinoria Cqari
nabijiT Semodis, xmals qarqaSSi abrunebs da rampasTan Se-
Cerdeba (don Juanis pirveli Semsrulebeli murman jinoria
iyo, zurab yifSiZe mere `Sevida~ speqtaklSi). Semorbis don
karlosi _ zaza miqaSaviZe, TandaTan mSviddeba, morcxvad Seh-
yurebs Tavis mxsnels, welgamarTuli miuaxlovdeba, mdablad
xris Tavs da madlobas uxdis ucnobs gadarCenisaTvis. yovel

265
 maradi berika

sityvas sagangebod gabrtyelebulad da dajerebiT warmoTqvams,

TiTqos gazepirebul leqss ambobso. aristokratiul manerebs
arc kritikul situaciaSi Ralatobs da etikets sagangebod
icavs. misi zemoT avarcxnili Tmebi, daxvewil da fermixdil
pirisaxes gamokveTen, aqoCrili TmebiT Rabuas emsgavseba, war-
momavlobiTi yoyloCinoba Tavs meyseulad axsenebs _ amayad
SemarTavs maRal kiserze gamobmul Tavs, mxrebSi gamarTuli
evfuisturi stiliT metyvelebs, daSna kvlav magrad CaubRu-
javs, magram gabedul meomars, an uzado mofarikaves ar hgavs.
sinaze da sifaqize ifrqveva misi Jestidan, intonaciidan,
mzeridan, moZraobebidan. maqmanis farTe da qaTqaTa samajeebi
frTebiviT ufarfatebs, TiTqos, afrenas lamobso. don Juani
scenis erT kuTxeSi rampasTan axlos gaunZrevlad dgas, Ri-
milsac ki hgvris ucnobi ymawvilkacis mamlayinwuri qceva.
Zmis saSvelad SemoenTeba don alonso _ Tamaz Toloraia.
tanxmelsa da aSoltils Tvalebi uelavs, daSna SemarTuli
aqvs, rogorc Rirsebisa da cenzis damadasturebeli niSani.
uceb Sedgeba, SekrTeba, daSniT haerSi jvars gamosaxavs, axla
TvalebSi brma SurisZebis siSmage ukrTis, don Juanis danaxva
gonebas urevs _ rogor! Tqven Cvens dauZinebel mters esaub-
rebiT? _ mTeli sxeuliT, yoveli nakvTiT, mrisxaned gahkivis
alonso, Tvalebs abrialebs Jinmoreuli, wyromas ver ereva
da... daSniT don Juans ki ar eZgereba, kasrs dauSens, gamale-
biT rozgavs da Tan ugonod gahkivis _ didebulma gvamma daSna
Rirsebis dasacavad rodi gamoiyena, kasri garozga mxolod!
Tavis gadamrCenels balRuri sijiutiT icavs don karlosi,
keTilgonierebiT surs moTokos alonsos siSmage da roca ver
daacxrobs Zmis vnebaTaRelvas, gamwarebuli isic wkeplasaviT
moimarjvebs da gondakarguli iataks gamalebiT dauSens daSnas.
mere haerSi Jinianad Sexteba, sxvafriv rom verafers gaawyobs,
axla zeaRmarTuli mohyveba qadagebas, mere msubuqad, pepelasa-
viT lazaTianad Seirxeva, TiTqos afrenas lamobso da zemodan
styorcnis gaavebul Zmas gonivrul rCevas! mas don alonsoc
ahyveba, isic Sexteba Secbunebuli. axla erTad cmukaven, gaS-
magebiT gahkivian, umweod hkveTen daSniT sivrces, tokaven da

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 naTela arvelaZe

gagulisebiT gahkivian... daSnac gagulisda da akivlda, TiTqos...

maTi `mrisxane~ xtunva rokvaSi gadaizarda, ritmulma musikam
maT moZraobebs tempi Sehmata... swrafad, ritmulad, moqnili
moZraobebiT rokaven Zmebi, kadrilis ileTebs Camohgavs ma-
Ti dafeTebuli plastikuri monaxazi, tempiani musikis fonze
ritmulad xtian da cekvaven Zmebi. rokvis siSmagiT yvrimalebi
uwiTldebaT, TvalebSi naperwklebi elaven... ori didgvarovani
raindi axla wakidebul jiqebs gvanan, rqebiT rom ebrZvian er-
TmaneTs, Semdeg _ sisxli, sisxlio! duetad CaimReres da ase
xtomiTa da rokviT datoves `brZolis veli~, miatoves mosis-
xle mteric, daiviwyes Rirsebis dacvac! don Juani _ murman
jinoria isev im pozaSi dgas, nakvTic ki ar Serxevia, mxolod
gaoceba aRibeWda pirxmel saxeze.
aristrokatiuli natifi manerebis, rainduli qcevis, Rir-
sebis matarebeli pirovnebebi daknindnen, dro-Jamma gadaagvara
isini. TvalnaTliv warmoCnda movlenis qveteqsti, romelic
Sinagani dinebiT da saxieri plastikuri naxaziT gamokveTa
epizodis parodiulma gadawyvetam. avtorma, reJisorma, msaxi-
obebma TanaSemoqmedebiTi procesiT gviCvenes, rom ZmebisaTvis
mTavaria, sazogadoebis TvalSi pativayrilni ar aRmoCndnen,
xolo siyvarulisa da urTierTpativiscemis nayofi Tu iqneba
dona elvirasa da don Juanis SeuRleba, amas maTTvis araviTa-
ri mniSvneloba ara aqvs. ironiul-parodiuli ferebis mignebam,
manerul saqcielTa monacvleobam, reJisoruli gadawyvetis
saxierebam Tanadroulobis prizmiT warmoaCina aRorZinebis
epoqis niSandobliobiT Seqmnili komedia. epoqaTa kognaturi
erTianobac gamoisaxa maTi TanaSemoqmedebiT da mTeli siZlie-
riT gamoikveTa saTeatro sametyvelo enis saxeoba _ aqtiuri,
cocxali, nonverbaluri, saxieri formiT warmodgenili.
mixeil TumaniSvili, Tavis gundTan erTad, ZiebaTa im
rkalSi aRmoCnda, romelic Semdgom `axali ti pis Teatris~
saxelwodebiT gaformda da `postdramatuli Teatris~ ter-
miniT aris cnobili. zazac, rezoc, Tazoc, murmanic, sxvani
da sxvani, am procesis monawileni iyvnen.

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 maradi berika

`profesiaSi dedac myavs da mamac!..~

(giorgi pipinaSvili)

g iorgi pi pinaSvili Zlieri, mTliani, gamokveTili

poziciis, mizanmimarTuli pirovnebaa.
giorgi pi pinaSvili momaval Taobaze, mis xvedrze, bavS-
vebis bedze, maTs sulier simdidreze, zneobriv simrTeleze,
moralur siwmindeze mofiqrali moqalaqea.
giorgi pi pinaSvili maRali rangis, saintereso biogra-
fiis, niWiTa da ostatobiT, profesiuli TviTSegnebiTa da
RirsebiT gamorCeuli msaxiobia.
is pativiscemas, yuradRebas, Tanadgomas imsaxurebs, ro-
gorc pirovneba, moqalaqe, xelovani, megobari da kolega.
is gulmxurvale da moyvaruli, momTxovni da Semwynarebe-
li maswavlebelia, patiosani da mtkice moqalaqea, WeSmariti
profesionali da scenis trfialia.
is maZiebeli, riskis moyvaruli, azartuli berikaa!..
mas melpomenac swyalobs da fortunac. man Tavad gamoWeda
Tavisi mizani, savali gzac, xelovnebaSi cxovrebis formac.
mas bediswerasTan Serkinebac ZaluZs da sakuTar SesaZ-
leblobaTa Sefasebis unaric aqvs.
mas warmateba ver waaxdens da marcxi ver daTrgunavs,
radganac gonieri adamiania, adamianur TvisebaTa, sisusteTa
da siZliereTa mcodne, dakvirvebuli Semswavleli da scenaze,
rogorc xelis gulze, uzadod gamomxatvelia.

***
giorgi pi pinaSvili mixeil TumaniSvilis saxelobis
kinomsaxiobTa Teatris warmatebuli dasis warmatebuli
wevria, xelmZRvanelobs Tavissave ZalisxmeviT daarsebul
studias _ xelovnebis saymawvilo centrs (art hols),

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amasTanave, aris fondis Tavmjdomarec.

Cven mis studiaSi SevxvdiT. miuxedavad imisa, rom karga
xania vicnobT erTmaneTs da metad keTilganwyobili urTi-
erTobac gvaqvs, ase gulRiad da amdenxans ar gvisaubria _
xuTi saaTi davuTmeT dialogs. man gulwrfelad gamando sa-
wuxaric, sixarulic, gegmebic; visaubreT Teatrze, studiaze,
reJisuraze, samsaxiobo xelovnebis dRevandel problemebzec,
momavali Taobis aRzrdazec da CvenTvis egzom mtkivneul sa-
kiTxzec. is saubrobda gaxsnilad, gatacebiT, temperamentiT,
gadamdebad. sagrZnobi iyo, rom msaxiobi sakuTar Tavsac ebaa-
seboda, amowmebda pirad gancdebsa Tu Sexedulebebs, SesaZloa,
ramdenime saCoTiro sakiTxze pirvelad gamoTqvamda xmamaRla
Tavis azrs. am dialogiT Cven kidev ufro axlobelni aRmov-
CndiT, kidev ufro Rrmad CavwvdiT saTeatro problemebs da
orivem gadavamowmeT sakuTari Sefasebebi.
giorgi pi pinaSvils rTuli gza aqvs gavlili, axlac Zal-
ze gadatvirTulia: mZime yofa, Teatri Tu studiis problemebi,
administraciuli Tu SemoqmedebiTi winaaRmdegobani _ yvela-
feri misgan moiTxovs ZalTa mobilizebas, drois racionalur
ganawilebas, sazrianobasa da sibejiTes. axlac daRlili Canda,
magram dialogis Sewyveta arc ufiqria. uamravi safiqrali
aqvs: dedis avadmyofoba, Svilis problemebi, studiisaTvis sa-
kuTari Senobis Zieba, rolze muSaoba, kinomsaxiobTa Teatris
mdgomareoba, saerTod, profesionalizmisa Tu kerZod, saku-
Tari profesiis saWirboroto viTareba, saqveyno viTareba...
is ar cdilobs gverdi auaros mwvave an saCoTiro problemebs,
ar keklucobs Tavisi mdgomareobiT, TviTreklamisTvis ver
imetebs wuTebs, Tumca, sakuTari monacemebisa Tu miRweulis
fasic icis da realurad afasebs movlenebs; mouclelobis
demonstracias ar axdens, esmis Cveni Sexvedris mniSvneloba,
ubralod, xmamaRla fiqrobs, eWvisa Tu orWofuli damoki-
debulebis gadamowmeba surs, gulwrfelia, e. i. mendoba! am
ndobisaTvis madlieri var da axla msurs gulRiad gamovTqva
Cemi mosazreba: mas yovelTvis seriozul, gonier, analiti-
kuri azrovnebis profesionalad vTvlidi, mimaCnda, rom mas

269
 maradi berika

gacnobierebuli aqvs ara marto profesiis arsi, amJamindeli

mdgomareoba, perspeqtiva, aramed am Teatris adgili da mniSv-
neloba Cveni saTeatro cxovrebisaTvis. am Sexvedram gaamyara
Cemi Sexeduleba da sxva TvaliTac Sevafase Tanamosaubre. dav-
rwmundi, rom mas SeiZleba endo! Cvens pirobebSi, rodesac ase
gaSiSvldnen adamianebi da garantirebuli ara xar, vin rodis
gimuxTlebs, yofili Tanamoazre (Turme Sen rom gegona Tana-
moazre, sulac ar yofila ase!) duSmani gamxdara da ubralod,
yovelgvari sindisis qenjnis gareSe gagwiravs, roca amis sa-
Sualeba miecema _ aseTi ndoba metismetad faseulia!
da kidev, aRmovaCine, rom dRemde SeinarCuna Wabukuri
uSualoba, demokratiuli cxovrebis wesi, Tavmdabloba: mas
kolegebi, megobrebi, partniorebi, Tanakurselebi mimarTaven
ubralod _ goga, an metsaxeliT _ “pi piCa”. studiis Tanam-
Sromlebic ase eZaxian _ goga! es ar aris familiaroba, an
`axloblobis TamaSi~, es swored im cxovrebis formis, im
sulieri konstituciis gamoZaxilia, romliTac gamoirCeva
giorgi pi pinaSvili. misdami mokrZaleba da pativiscema Seig-
rZnoba yvelgan _ TeatrSic, studiaSic, scenazec, gadasaReb
moedanzec, yoveldRiur yofaSic. ase xdeba imitom, rom is
pirovnebaa, profesionalia, sityvis kacia, Tavisi fasic icis
da sxvisic, uRalato megobaria, ufrTxildeba adamianur ur-
TierTobebs, sikeTes iqms da misdami gamoCenil yuradRebas,
amags, keTilganwyobas ar iviwyebs!
ara, is frTiani angelozi, altruisti an xelgaSlili
sulac ar aris. cxovrebaSi _ realistia, profesiaSi _ ana-
litikosi, megobrebTan _ romantikosi. dardimandic aris da,
imavdroulad, racionaluric. beCavi arasodes iyo da arc
iqneba. advilad ar daeCagvrineba aravis, verc gauSinaurdebi
metismetad. gaxsnilic aris da gulCaTxrobilic, guliTadic
da gulficxic. Cinebuli partnioria da amiT ifareba yvela
is nakli, Tu Secdoma, rac aqvs an SeiZleba dauSvas. giorgi
pi pinaSvili, rogorc pirovneba, moqalaqe, xelovani, kolega
_ misdami pativiscemiT gangawyobs.
axla is Sepyrobilia xelovnebis saymawvilo centris

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problemebiT, misi momavliT, im Taobis bediT, xval rom unda

Caudges saTaveSi sxvadasxva saxelmwifoebriv instituts, or-
ganizacias, Tundac, gaswios qveynis marTvis urTulesi Wapani.
SexvedrisTanave sixaruliT miTxra: ~am studiis aRzrdilebi
ukve profesiad irCeven msaxiobobas. SarSan Cvenma oTxma mos-
wavlem specialobaSi umaRlesi qulebi daimsaxura, Teatrisa
da kinos universitetis studentebi gaxdnen. gaxarebuli var,
welsac aRmoCdnen msurvelebi. guSin gaTenebamde vmuSaobdiT...
iciT, rogori daRlilebi, magram rogori bednierebi viya-
viT! aseTi wuTebisTvis Rirs amdeni energiis, drois gaReba.
Cveni profesiis arsSi minda gavarkvio mowafeebi, profesiis
floba _ es Zalze mniSvnelovania. ra Tqma unda, niWi da una-
ria mTavari, magram axla mxolod am sagzliT SeuZlebelia
gamorCeuli da uaRresad mniSvnelovani ram Seqmna TeatrSi.
mayurebelTan dialogis dros gulwrfeloba, saxiereba da
misi ndobis mopovebaa metad sagulisxmo, aqedan iwyeba, Teat-
raluri Jargonis enaze rom vTqvaT, darbazis yuradRebis `ak-
refa~, Tavdapirvelad amas mihyvebian kidec adamianebi, magram
rom monusxo, gaaoco aseTi gaTviTcnobierebuli mayurebeli,
rom moajadovo da `dai pyro~ darbazi, moulodneli svlebic
unda SesTavazo. jer ar-naxuli, jer kidev ar-gagonili ga-
dawyveta unda aCveno. es rom moxdes _ profesiis arsis Sec-
noba, Tqven rogorc ambobT, profesiis ana-banas gacnobierebis
gareSe _ SeuZlebelia! Zalze kategoriuli var, imitom, rom
sxvagvarad maRali rangis xelovnebas ver Seqmni, sxvagvarad
scenaze kargad TamaSi axla SeuZlebelia! ai, es minda vagrZ-
nobino Cems Segirdebs, minda, saerTod xelovnebis da konk-
retulad, sasceno xelovnebis ana-bana Sevaswavlo maT. mere
Tavad ician, rogor gamoiyeneben am codnas. es codna mxolod
gumaniT, qvecnobieri plastebis SemweobiT ver miiRweva. aq
goneba, mxedveloba, gamWriaxoba, praqtika _ erTi sityviT,
Wkua da Sromaa mTavari. niWi ki umTavresia, magram... gaazrebu-
li TamaSi sxva elfers aniWebs msaxiobis xelovnebas. es minda
STavunergo ymawvilebs, ase movmarTo Tavidanve maTi goneba.

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 maradi berika

isini nebismier sarbielze moRvaweobis dros aseve imoqmedeben,

seriozulad da gonierad miudgebian nebismier saqmianobas, miT
ufro, Tu xelovnebis romelime dargs airCeven profesiad.
miuxedavad imisa, rom axla am centris gareSe cxovreba
ver warmomidgenia, yovelgvari keklucobis gareSe vaRiareb
_ uaRresad saWiro da keTil saqmes vemsaxurebi, mainc mgo-
nia, rom samsaxiobo ostatoba reJisorebma unda aswavlon.
Cemi samsaxiobo gamocdileba hyofnis aseT studiur muSaobas,
profesionali msaxiobi ki reJisorma unda aRzardos...~
Cemdauneburad samsaxiobo skolis princi pebze davfiqrdi.
gamaxsenda mixeil TumaniSvilis gakveTilebi, misi midgoma am
sakiTxisadmi, misi `skola~. giorgi pi pinaSvili am skolis
princi pebs naziarebi xelovania. es Cans, Tundac, misi azrov-
nebiT, am studiaSi moRvaweobiT, saerTod scenaze misi yofnis
formiTa da TamaSis wesiT. mis monologs gulisyuriT vusmen:
`Cvens xelobaSi, vfiqrob, umTavresia partniorze zemoq-
medeba, am `bilikis~ gavliT midixar `didi gzisken~ _ mayure-
belTa darbazze zemoqmedebisaken. am dros repeticiaze, auci-
lebelia mesame Tvali _ reJisoris. amis axsna SeuZlebelia,
es Tavad Cveni profesiis ganviTarebam, axalma `profesiulma
viTarebam~ moiTxova. kargi reJisoris Tvali repeticiaze ga-
redan ki ar uTvalTvalebs msaxiobebs, aramed moqmedebis dros,
urTierTobaTa sqemis agebis procesSi, maTs Soris imyofeba,
movlenis SigniT aris, im `wreSia~, msaxiobebi rom warmoqmnian.
es Zalze specifikuri momentia, SesaZloa, gareSe TvalisaTvis
mouxelTebelic, magram... amis gareSe msaxiobisa da reJisoris
SemoqmedebiTi urTierToba xelovnuria, fokusebiT aRsavsea
da ara bunebrivad Serwymuli... reJisoruli fokusebis miRweva
msaxiobebTan muSaobis dros, SedarebiT iolia. sadadgmo sa-
kiTxebis gadaWras ar vgulisxmob, rolze muSaobis koleqtiur
formaze vmsjelob... magram SeTxzvis momentSi SeaRwio msaxiob-
Ta urTierTzemoqmedebis SigniT da iqidan areguliro moqmedeba
_ es iSviaTobaa. me bedma gamiRima, Tanac orjer!..~

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***
man 1976 wels Caabara misaRebi gamocdebi da gaxda SoTa
rusTavelis saxelobis Teatraluri institutis studenti,
moxvda lili ioselianis jgufSi. erTi wliT adrec abarebda,
magram imxanad atestatis qulebs umatebdnen sagamocdo niS-
nebs da erTi qula daaklda. maSin mixeil TumaniSvilis jguf-
Si moxvdeboda, magram gangebam sxvanairad ineba! ar vnanobo, _
RimiliT meubneba da Tavis monologs ubrundeba:
`Tavdapirvelad, multfilmebis reJisoroba mindoda. mama-
Cemma (mama _ nodar pi pinaSvili, maSindeli musikaluri kome-
diis Teatris msaxiobi gaxldaT, dasis wamyvan Zalad iTvle-
boda _ n. a.) mirCia, samsaxiobo fakultetze Caabareo. roca
institutSi ver movxvdi, erTi weli kinostudiaSi vimuSave
gamnaTeblad. videqi aparaturasTan, vuyurebdi, rogor muSaob-
dnen reJisorebi msaxiobebTan da TandaTan vixiblebodi. zogjer
yvelafris mitoveba da gadasaReb moedanze gaWra, msaxiobebis
nacvlad TamaSi mindoda, Zlivs vikavebdi Tavs. am `gamocdile-
biT~ isev Cavabare Teatralur institutSi, CemTvis mTavari iyo
xelobis Seswavla, reJisorobaze aRar vfiqrobdi. mivxvdi, rom
msaxiobis profesia Semiyvarda. ara, ubralod ki ar miyvars Cemi
profesia, aramed arseboba ar SemiZlia amis gareSe, Zlierad
miyvars Cemi profesia da yvelaferze var wamsvleli...
mesame kursze viTamaSe iakob xucesi da luarsab TaT-
qariZe. am or nawyvets erTad warmovadgendiT xolme. axal-
gazrda luarsabs vTamaSobdi, xoreSanTan _ rusudan bolq-
vaZesTan mqonda didi epizodi. didi sirTulec gadavlaxe _
xan vZvrebodi mis tyavSi, xan mis tyavs virgebdi, xasiaTis
mravalgvaroba da mravalxmianoba SevigrZeni da warmovadgine
partniorTan erTad. ai, maSin vigrZeni, rom artistoba Cemi
saqmea. roca kaTedras vuCveneT namuSevari, erTxmad aRiares
warmateba, gamoiTqva mosazreba, rom mTels saqarTvelos uCve-
non, gansakuTrebiT msaxiobebs _ naxon, rogor unda TamaSio.
ar vameteb, ase ambobdnen.

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 maradi berika

xom gaxsovT, winaT Teatrebis xelmZRvanelebi eswrebodnen

sakurso da sadi plomo warmodgenebs, sasurvel studentebs
dasSi Caricxvas sTavazobdnen. roca sadi plomo speqtaklze
vmuSaobdiT, Seqspiris `romeo da julietaze~, sadac rome-
os vTamaSobdi, ukve mqonda ramdenime SemoTavazeba. axmetelis
Teatris xelmZRvanels, leri paqsaSvils, TiTqmis davTanxmdi
axal TeatrSi misvlas. mere giga lorTqifaniZem SemomTavaza
sosoias roli (nodar dumbaZis `me vxedav mzes~, sagastrolo
mogzaurobisTvis aRadgines _ n. a.) da italiaSi gamgzavreba,
uari vuTxari _ leri paqsaSvilisTvis micemuli sityvis ga-
texa ar mindoda. batoni giga gaminawyenda. amasobaSi, usiamov-
neba momivida _ viCxube. muSti-kriviT urTierTobis garkveva
CemTvis ucxo ar iyo. am ambavs mixeil TumaniSvili Seeswro
da etyoba, amitom ar SemomTavaza Tavisi Teatri. im wels
di plomi saerTod ar amiRia, napo zaqaraias, saxelmwifo ga-
mocdebis komisiis Tavmjdomares, vTxovdi _ oriani gamifor-
meT, araferi vici-meTqi, ZaliT gavaformebine aradamakmayofi-
lebeli. mecnierul komunizms ra momamzadebinebda! ase davrCi
ganawilebis gareSe da aRmovCndi leri paqsaSvilis TeatrSi.
ase daiwyo Cemi kariera.
bunebiT enTuziasti var. axal TeatrSi yvelani Tavgadak-
luli vmuSaobdiT speqtaklzec da muSebTan erTad Senobas
vawesrigebdiT. viTamaSe musas roli (vaJas `mTani maRalni~).
qamar-xanjalic ki sakuTari xeliT `gamovWede”. saerTod kos-
tiums, rekvizits, sxvadasxva detals TviTon varCev, `ga-
davakeTeb~ Cemeburad, TiTon vuvli. TeatrSi atmosfero ar
momewona da wamovedi. saerTod, Tavisuflebas araferi mir-
Cevnia, adamians ar SeiZleba sakuTari cxovreba waarTva! aqac
amas vufrTxildebi, maTSi bavSvebs ki ara, ukve pirovnebebs
vxedav da mSoblebsac amas vTxov, pativi scen maT!.. davrCi
uTeatrod! Seni Tavis `Zieba da povna~, Seni adgilis `Zieba da
povna~ Zalze Znelia, bevrad rTulia, vidre ggonia.
erTxel manana anasaSvili da rusudan bolqvaZe Semxvd-
nen, orive lili ioselianis moswavleebi arian. miTxres, rom

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baton miSas daelaparakebian da iqneb... daelaparaknen. meore

dRes ukve mis winaSe vdgavar: xulignobas Tavi daanebeo _ me-
kiTxeba batoni miSa da dasZens: `lerisTan yvelaferi gaarkvie?
aq xom ar momivardeba, msaxiobebs marTmevo?!~ roca davamSvide,
direqtorTan wadio _ miTxra. es ukve Tanxmobas niSnavda. am
ambavSi zura yifSiZec iyo gareuli, masac uTxovia Cemi miReba.
ai, vdgavar Cemi saTayvanebeli erosi manjgalaZis winaSe. mas
piradad ar vicnobdi. ramdenjerme axalgazrdul klub `ami-
ranSi~, gamovsulvar, batoni erosi gamixmovanebia. ase axlos
arasodes minaxavs: `rezo CxeiZes davelaparakebi. erTi weli
uStatod iqnebi. mere vnaxoT~ _ meubneba da miRimis. 31 de-
kembers, am Teatris tradiciisamebr, SevikribeT axali wlis
Sesaxvedrad. TiToeuli hyveba, ra moxda mis cxovrebaSi mniS-
vnelovani. isini scenaze arian, Cven, uStatoebi, darbazSi
vsxedvarT. erosi scenaze gvepatiJeba _ ukve StatSi migiRe-
To! sixarulis SeZaxilebi, taSi, ovacia, kocna...
erTi kviris Semdeg batoni miSa mibarebs: ,,levan uCaneiSvili
gadaRebazea, `bakulas RorebSi~ SaSa unda iTamaSo~. davibeni.
meore dRes batoni miSa da erosi foieSi dganan. sad gavikeTo
grimi? erosi Tavis sagrimioros kars aRebs _ ai, aq gaikeTeb
grims, vasil CxaiZe, vaniCka sayvareliZe da me varT am oTaxSi.
iqnebi meoTxe. mere Caatares rituali _ axali grimis kolofi
gadmomces da grimi Tavad gamikeTes. ase movinaTle kinomsaxi-
obTa artistad! batoni erosi mekiTxeba _ xom ar gagviandebao.
SeamCnia, rom saaTi ara maqvs da miTxra: `sagrimioro ara gaqvs
_ gasagebia! Se ubeduro, saaTic ar gqonia?!~ gaeRima, saaTi
moixsna ,,oskari!” da momca. ase gaxda erosi Cemi Semoqmedebis
naTlia. davmegobrdiT. erT dRes meubneba, komSis muraba maqvs,
zaza da rezo iqnebian CemTan, Senc modio. saRamos saxlSi rom
mivedi, dedaCemma miTxra: zazam dagireka, erosi manjgalaZe
gardaicvalao. ar maxsovs, rogor gamovvardi quCaSi, manqanas
vaCereb, viCxube, miliciaSi aRmovCndi, vyviri: `gamiSviT, xal-
xi ara xarT, erosi gardaicvala, mis saxlSi mivdivar!..~ CiniT
ufrosi momiaxlovda: Tu es marTali ar aris, cixeSi dagal-

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 maradi berika

pobo _ miTxra, motocikletSi Camsva da vakisken gamaqrola.

gamiSva, xalxi ukve iyo Sekrebili, is mikrofoniT xelSi ti-
roda, Rrialebda: `erosi manjgalaZe gardaicvala!~ mTeli ubani
axmaurda... ase davkarge Teatraluri naTlia~. misi monologi
sevdiani gaxda. wuTiT gayuCda da ganagrZo:
`sikvdili _ es calke Temaa Cveni TeatrisaTvis. roca ba-
toni miSa gardaicvala, bevrma dakarga profesia. misi Teatri
gansakuTrebuli cxovrebiT gamoirCeoda, am cxovrebis wesis
avtori wavida Cvengan! davobldiT! es sul sxva gancdaa. msaxi-
obsa da reJisors Soris `saidumlo seroba~ unda aRmocendes,
es unda Sedges. Tu ara, maSin dResaswauli ar daibadeba. es
urTierToba _ mistiuria! es rituali sruldeboda TeatrSi
baton miSas repeticiebze. amas xom ver gaimeoreb! es dRe sas-
wauli Tan waiRo, gauCinarda.
lizandris roli pirveli iyo, razec vimuSave baton miSas-
Tan Tavidan bolomde. SaSa, maTxovari _ `don JuanSi~, giorgi
_ `Cvens patara qalaqSi~ _ ukve karga xnis naTamaSev warmodge-
nebSi `Sevedi~. Tavidan gagviWirda rolis `morgeba~. erT dRes
batoni miSas kabinetSi SevikribeT hermia, eleni, demetriosi da
lizandri (nineli WankvetaZe, rusudan bolqvaZe, gia abesalaS-
vili, giorgi pi pinaSvili _ n. a.). daviwyeT etiudebis SeTxzva.
reJisorma sruli Tavisufleba mogvca, improvizaciulad vqmni-
diT urTierTobebis xazs, vTxzavdiT ambavs, ori Seyvarebuli
wyvilis gaparvisa da tyeSi aRmoCenili Tavgadasavlis ambavs.
vxtodiT, gaugonar svlebs, saqciels, replikebs vigonebdiT,
davrbodiT, erTmaneTs vaxtebodiT, vCxubobdiT, vicinodiT,
`gavafrineT, vigiJeT~... batoni miSa laRobda, isic CvenTan er-
Tad darboda, igonebda axal-axal viTarebas da gvkarnaxobda.
daibada _ axalgazrduli silaRe, Tavisuflebis gancda! Ramis
or saaTamde gastana repeticiam da Cvenze bednieri aravin iyo
am qveyanaze, Cven gviyvarda erTmaneTi! Cven aRmovaCineT ras
niSnavs sixalise, Sinagani Tavisufleba, bedniereba!.. amisTana,
marTlac, ~saTeatro rituali~ da amgvari gzneba iSviaTia. ki
ar vameteb, im repeticias ver viviwyeb. aseTi gancda dameufla
studentobisas, qalbaton lilisTanac.

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xom iciT, lili rogori Zlieri, Wirveuli, pedantic

kia. verafers gamoapareb! arc dagiTmobs, gaiZulebs gaakeTo.
damoukideblad momzadebuli etiudi unda meCvenebina. jiutad
vuTxari, rom ar vuCveneb. ori saaTi `vebrZoleT erTmaneTs~,
bolos mainc mimiyvana zRvramde da daviwye... Zalze banaluri
siuJeti iyo. viTom, gardacvlili megobris oTaxSi aRmovCndi,
misi molberti SemrCa xelT, ver gavuZeli da avqviTindi. ro-
ca viTom mis oTaxSi aRmovCndi, raRac sicariele, mis gareSe
yofnis simZimili SevigrZeni, molberti movisrole da avtir-
di! vRrialebdi, mere auditoriidan gavvardi, iqve liftTan
Cavjeqi da vRrialebdi. ra damemarTa _ mere gavacnobiere. igi-
ve SegrZneba dameufla, rac baton miSasTan im repeticiaze.
saerTod lili da miSa Cvens saTeatro, sainstituto
cxovrebis SefasebisaTvis, calke Temaa. bedma gamiRima, rom
lilis mowafe miSas TeatrSi movxvdi.
lilisTan mTavaria xasiaTis ZiriTadi Tvisebis `Cveneba~,
mere SegeZlo improvizaciiT gemoqmeda, aTasi niuansiT Segevso
xasiaTi. grZnobaTa siwrfele _ ganwyobis migneba _ organuli
moqmedeba, misTvis imdenad mniSvnelovania, rom asjer, aTas-
jer SeuZlia Tavidan dagawyebinos etiudi, an epizodis TamaSi.
miSasTan xasiaTis mTlianobaSi xedva iyo mTavari, formas Tu
miagnebdi, mere xasiaTis labirinTebSi `garkveva da gaRweva~
Tavisuflad SegeZlo. saerTod `usagno~ improvizacia ki ara,
aramed konkretuli ambidan gamomdinare, mizanmimarTuli impro-
vizaciisken gibiZgebda. lili da miSa avsebdnen erTmaneTs. erTi
skolis ori ganStoeba _ Tu SeiZleba ase iTqvas. yoveli ro-
lis TamaSSi Sinaganad vgrZnob lilis, yoveli rolis sasceno
biografiis Seqmnisas, Sinaganad vxedav miSas! ar vici, zustad
rogor Camovayalibo es ucnauri Tanxvedra... im repeticaiaze,
miSas kabinetSi, Sinaganad vgrZnobdi lilis arsebobasac. ai,
im repeticiis dasasruls vigrZeni, rom uscenod ar SemiZlia!
uTeatrod ver gavZleb! lilim, TiTqos, Sva CemSi msaxiobi, mi-
Sam ki gamxada artisti, gamomzarda, gamoWeda Cemgan artisti,
gamoaqandaka xelobis mcodne ostati. ase rom, Cems profesiaSi,
sasceno xelovnebaSi, dedac myavs da mamac!

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 maradi berika

roca `qalaqSi~ giorgis rolze daviwye muSaoba, qorwi-

lis dRes, diliT Cemi sacolis sanaxavad mivdiodi. am epi-
zodSi mTavari iyo: ar SemiZlia, ar vnaxo nestani! `Cavavle~
Tu ara am RerZs, mere advili aRmoCnda moqmedeba: vwrialeb
Cems oTaxSi, ver visveneb, sunTqva miWirs, vRelav, ar SemiZ-
lia... ar SemiZlia da ra vqna... ucbad, viReb gadawyvetilebas.
oriod nabiji da nestanis saxlTan aRmovCndi, vakakuneb skamze
(karebze), miRebs kars deida qeTo, ar miSvebs: qorwilamde
sacolis naxva ar SeiZleba, cudis niSaniao. ra mesaqmeba am
`ar SeiZlebasTan~, akrZalvasTan! me nestanis naxva minda! ar
SemiZlia erTi wuTis gaZleba unestanod _ amas vTamaSobdi,
maxsovda, rom 14-16 wlisas ukve miyvarda Cemi Tanaklaseli,
nestani. vTamaSobdi, rom 17-18 wlis axalgazrda sxva ritmiT,
temperamentiT cxovrobs da ver gaugebs nestanis dedas _
ratom ar SeiZleba, naxos sacole?! es ganwyoba, azri, vneba-
TaRelva `mimqonda~ Tan da aseTi zemoqmedebiT viwyebdi sce-
nas nineli WankvetaZesTan. ar SeiZleba, gawydes partniorTan
urTierTobis jaWvi, ar unda dairRves atmosfero, ganwyoba.
amas orive meubneboda _ lilic da miSac...~
gamaxsenda sasaflaos scena: nestanis `kubo~ Caasvenes saf-
lavSi. axloblebma itires da wavid-wamovidnen. giorgi darCa.
idga saflavTan marto, fermixdili, Tavdaxrili da... SigniT,
misi sulis nawili kvdeboda Cvens winaSe. isini erTad ki ar iy-
vnen, erTni iyvnen da es erTni _ iSleboda, irRveoda, qreboda
Cvens Tvalwin. mas ar surda, ar SeeZlo, ver egueboda am er-
Tianobis daSlas, darRvevas, qrobas! giorgis nawilic darCa aq,
sasaflaoze, nestanTan erTad, is sxvagvarad icxovrebs amieri-
dan!.. ar vici, rogor axerxebda amas msaxiobi, is ki vici, rom
sulisSemZvrel zemoqmedebas axdenda es scena mayurebelze!
Cemi respodenti gaxsnilad meubneba: `miuxedavad imisa, rom
am dasis wevri gavxdi da speqtaklebSic vTamaSobdi, `qalaqis~
ganaxlebuli dadgmis repeticiebze vigrZeni, rom es iyo pir-
veli Sexeba `miSas TeatrTan~, `TumaniSvilis skolasTan~. es
iyo am gansakuTrebuli dasisken gadadgmuli pirveli nabiji,

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me aRmovCndi `wris~ SigniT, ukve SemeZlo, ~miSas biWebis~

gverdiT Cemi adgili momepovebina. es ar iyo ioli...~
mixeil TumaniSvili siamovnebas iRebda gogasTan muSaobis
procesiT. erTxel, repeticiis Semdeg, SemovrCiT darbazSi.
batoni miSa aRgznebulia, Tvalebi ubrwyinavs: `ori dRea, ve-
Zeb iupiteris pirveli scenis teqnikur gadawyvetas (Jan Ji-
rodus `amfitroni-38~). jer vifiqre didi, daxrili kibe xom
ar davdgaT da zed wiTeli xaliCa xom ar davagoT, magram
am patara scenaze es ar SeiZleba. mere vifiqre, haerSi sxva-
dasxva simaRleze Rrublebi xom ar davamagroT da ase Camob-
rZandes iupiteri, mere sxva teqnikuri gadawyveta movifiqre
da... ai, repeticiaze goga gamoCnda aivanze, didebuli figura
mewamulisfer samosSi gamowyobili! is ki ar CamobrZanda de-
damiwaze, ki ar gamoanaTa marto. aramed elvare medidurobiT
gabrwyinebuli, amayad daeSva dedamiwaze! arc kibe, arc noxi,
arc Rrublebi! man TviTon iTamaSa, warmoadgina iupiteris
sikaSkaSe, gasxivosneba, didebuleba. ai, es aris niWi, artis-
tizmi, ostatoba!~ batoni miSa sixaruls asxivebs.
iupiteri _ pi pinaSvili scenaze marTlac, gorozi me-
didurobiT, zviadi ZalovanebiT, mogizgize ampartavnebiT
eSveboda, Tan mohqonda sxivis naTebasaviT mgznebare vneba
da balRurad atacebuli TviTkmayofileba. Seuvali siamayiT
zemodan dahyurebda Tavis wyalobas _ adamianTa yofas... si-
amiT ismenda merkuris xotbasa da Worebs, mere kmayofili
styorcnida mzeras mstovars... uneburad isworebda mdidruli
samosis nakecs da... uecriv qreboda mTeli es didebuleba! ga-
fuyuli mamlayinwa SemorCaT adamianebs! reJisoris Canafiqri
_ iupiteris kvarcxlbekidan `Camogdeba~, misi savalalo meta-
morfozis ironiuli safarveliT warmoCena _ msaxiobma erTi
`ubralo~ xelis moZraobiT, mimikiTa da gamoxedviT gamosaxa.
inteleqtualuri dramis niSani _ poziciaTa dapirispirebis
kardiograma, miTis interpretaciis xarisxi da postmoder-
nizmis maxvili ironiac xelis gulze gadagviSala saxierma
msaxioburma gamomsaxvelobam.

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***
samsaxiobo skolis arseboba Zalumad SeigrZnoba giorgi
pi pinaSvilis SemoqmedebaSi. es gamocdileba, codna, xelobis
floba, rac SeiZina ioseliani-TumaniSvilis `saxelosnoSi~, niW-
Tan da inteleqtTan erTad, mTelis ZaliT gamobrwyinda parum
osefas roliT, mixeil TumaniSvilis saxelobis kinomsaxiobTa
Teatris scenaze. rafiel erisTavis komedia `jer daixocnen, me-
re iqorwines~ giorgi margvelaSvilma dadga 1995 wels.
parum osefa _ pi pinaSvili sanaxaobis mfeTqavi naRmia,
misi mSveneba da gamorCeuli niRabia. masSi WeSmariti profe-
sionalizmis, niWierebis, gardasaxvis ostatobis, personaJis
distanciuri Wvretis unikaluri unaris, fermwerisa da gra-
fikosis Tanaxmieri xedvis miRma, qarTuli saSemsruleblo
skolis umTavresi niSan-Tvisebac sacnauri xdeba. speqtaklis
wina dRes batoni miSa Teatris foieSi mxvdeba, gatacebiT
saubrobs msaxiobis warmatebaze: `pi pinaSvili TamaSobs mTels
XIX saukunes, ufro zustad, XIX saukunis meore naxevris
Tbilisur yofas, is warmoadgens im periodis msaxiob-vars-
kvlavTa dass, oRond distanciiT Sefasebuls”... misi osefa
samuzeumo eqsponatic aris da, imavdroulad, cocxali, ai, am
wuTebSi Seqmnili personaJic _ aseTi iyo Cemi pirveli Sefa-
seba sicilisagan cremlmoreulma rom mivaxare foieSi mdgar
baton miSas. iseTi SegrZneba dameufla, rom ori saaTi Zveli,
XIX saukunis Tbilisis quCa-bandebSi vixetiale, salaybos-
Tan parum osefas da elisabeds gadaveyare, maTs gulficx
kinklaobas Seveswari; kinto-yaraCoxelebis, xanuma-qabatoebis,
akofa-karapetebis Tavneba Rriancelma CamiTria, Tavdaxsna ver
SevZeli... ramdenime dRe Tan damqonda im Tbilisis Jriamuli
da xibli _ nineli WankvetaZisa da giorgi pi pinaSvilis WeS-
mariti artistizmis gamonaTebiT Seqmnili duetis SemweobiT.
giorgi pi pinaSvili ambobs: `veZebdi personaJs ki ara,
Janrs... veZebdi xerxs, rom personaJi damenaxa am JanrSi. aviRe
Cemi da megobrebis papebis suraTebi, Cavamwkrive da vuT-

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valTvalebdi... osefa Tan damyveboda. yvelgan davdiodi _ da-

laqTan, rom menaxa rogor parsavdnen da kreWdnen moxucebs;
mkeravTan _ rogor keravdnen kostiums moxucebisTvis; kinos-
tudiaSi grimiorebTan _ rogori grimi gamekeTebina. mindoda
Cofura yofiliyo. jer bambas viwepebdi saxeze, mere grims vi-
keTebdi. raRac gamaRizianebelma mibiZga da sxva gziT daviwye
osefas Zebna, radikalurad sxva TvaliT davinaxe personaJi,
TiTqos, najaxiT gamWres SuaSi _ vxedavdi ti ps, damokide-
buleba mqonda masTan, ganvicdidi, davdiodi, vlaparakobdi,
rogorc is... mere vxedavdi _ meore ti ps, axla masTan mqonda
Tavsatexi... es procesi mistikasTan aris axlos... Tan vitan-
jebodi, Tan msiamovnebda es `gaoreba~, es ormagi `cxovreba~.
ra ar vcade, ra ar movigone. vmuSaobT daZabulad da dadga
dRe, roca TumaniSvils unda vuCvenoT...
batoni miSa siurprizebis moyvaruli iyo. gadavwyviteT,
Cvenc siurprizi movuwyoT. velosi pediT mindoda Semosvla
scenaze, mere osefa aivnis boZze Zvreba da yviris _ `Camams-
viTo!~ roca batonma miSam pirvelad naxa, am mizanscenis Ta-
obaze gviTxra: `amas gamarTleba unda, es mixrwnili moxuci
rom boZze aZvres _ es unda gaamarTloT!.. daviCeme, rom es
mizanscena dagvetovebina. mkeravTan davrbodi da ori zomiT
didi kostiumi Sevakerine _ am ZvelTaZvel samoss gadasag-
debad ver imetebs Zunwi osefa. me TviTon vauToebdi, rom
scenaze aprialebuliyo, rogorc didi xnis xmarebisagan pria-
lebs samosi... aivnis boZze, ukana mxridan xis patara naWrebi
davamagre, rom aZroma SemZleboda. meored ase vuCveneT baton
miSas repeticia. roca momiloca, gadamexvia da makoca, yoCaRo
_ miTxra. am mizanscenas mxolod erosi, an sergo zaqaria-
Ze Tu gaamarTlebdneno. misi axlobeli gavxdi. xelSi eWira
gawyvetili vercxlis burTulebiani krialosani. batoni miSas
gardacvalebis Semdeg, misma meuRlem maCuqa es krialosani.
axlac jibeSi midevs, Tilismaa Cemi~...
ar vici Tilismis Sedegia, Tu... yovel speqtakls Zvele-

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burad ZalTa sruli mobilizebiT, Zalze seriozulad, pro-

fesiuli TviTSegnebiT TamaSobs, TamaSobs, rogorc erTaderT
SesaZleblobas, TiTqos swored dRes, aq, am wuTSi wydeba
misi profesiis bed-iRbali, TamaSobs, rogorc ukanasknelad
_ gznebiTa da maxvilgonieri niuansebiT... ar TamaSobs `mayu-
rebelze~, ar keklucobs masTan...
artistuli silaRe, Tamami improvizacia da plastikuri
sizuste _ ase TamaSobs pi pinaSvili parum osefasac; TamaSiT
tkboba da TamaSiT Segoneba _ ase zemoqmedebs msaxiobi mayure-
belze; gamosaxvis formaTa siWrele da sinatife, riski da sim-
wyobre _ ase gamosaxavs msaxiobi erT konkretul ti ps, romel-
Sic `mTeli modgmis ambavi ikiTxeba~ (redgreivi). giorgi pi pi-
naSvilis personaJi im Zveli aivniani quCa-bandebidan aRmdgari
niRabia, bunebrivad rom Semoaqvs scenaze im yofis surneli da
mTeli ZaliT gangacdevinebs im cxovrebis tkbil-mware niuan-
sebs. amasTanave, metad mniSvnelovania tradiciis aRorZinebis,
gaazrebis, gamdidrebis faqtic. reJisorisa da msaxiobis ga-
dawyvetaSi tradiciis cxovelmyofeli Zalac SeigrZnoba, misi
transkrifciac xdeba, uaxlovdeba da Sordeba kidec winaparTa
mignebebs, vakvirdebiT vaso abaSiZis, kote yifianis, niko goci-
riZis, vaso goZiaSvilis da sxvaTa mier Seqmnil da gavrcobil
tradicias, amasTanave, am gzis distanciur Sefasebasac.
niRabi Cveni warsuli yofis erTi ganStoebis personi-
ficirebuli simboloa, moqandakis gawvrTnili saWreTelia-
ni xeliT Camoqnili da damuSavebulia. msoflSegrZnebiTa da
suliskveTebiT, laparakis maneriTa da qceviT, suliTa da
grZnobiT nacnobi xasiaTia, sisxl-xorceuli nawilia Tbili-
suri yofisa, amave dros, gamaogneblad xalasi da cocxali
niRabia, Tavisi gansakuTrebuli cxovrebis wesiT, azrovnebis
sistemiT, arsebobis niriT. iseTi STabeWdileba iqmneba, TiT-
qos, osefa _ pi pinaSvilma im Zveli Tbilisis viwro, daklak-
nili, aliaqoTiTa da kapasi kinkilaobiT gaZeZgili, mokirwy-
luli Cixebidan,dajerebiT gadmoalaja Cvens usufTao, oqros
cieb-cxelebiT atortmanebul, fulis SovniT dafeTebul, qa-

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laqSi... Semoabija, Sedga, SiSnakravsa da gaognebuls pirisa-

xeze SeaSra Snoiani Rimili.
parum osefa scenaze Semodis msubuqi nabijebiT, TiTqos
Tavisi mileuli sxeulis simCatiTac ki dedamiwis Sewuxebas
eridebao. is sakuTar Crdilsac gaurbis, emand fulebis daT-
vlis dros ar miTvalTvaloso. Zveli, xmarebisagan apriale-
buli Savi kostiumi naTxovariviT hkidia galeul sxeulze.
pewiani Cacma-daxurvisaTvisac ver gaumetebia zandukSi Cawne-
xili fulebi! wlebis simZimiliT dagrovili gamocdileba da
SemuSavebuli `filosofia~ (bazridan dabrunebisas kalaTian
mosamsaxure gogos ukan unda mihyve, sanovagidan erTi stafi-
loc rom ar dagcanclos!), iZulebuls xdis farad mouxmos
cbier Rimils, tkbil maslaaTs, gulubryvilo mzeras, vi-
reSmakoba iwinamZRvros, raTa uSfoTveli cxovreba gainaRdos,
gadaarCinos zandukSi mimaluli banknotebi! aravin miuxvdes,
Zvel zandukSi rac xdeba! parum osefas sxva dardi, fiqri,
sazrunavi ar gaaCnia. misi cxovrebis azrica da miswrafebac
isaa _ oRond SerCes Tavisi naamagari! uTuod, amisTanebzec
uTqvams brZens: `Sexede da ganeride~ (dante). realobis am mar-
tivi safexuris gadalaxva, am umartivesi stadiidan gaRweva
osefa_pi pinaSvils ar surs, ufro zustad sxvagvari arseboba
ver warmoudgenia, es `sxva~ misi saazrovno sivrcis miRma ar-
sebulia da amdenad, gaugebari mocemulobaa. msaxiobi arRvevs
realobis karibWes, mis sazRvrebs gareT daatarebs personaJs,
rogorc fulis marwuxebSi aRmoCenil, sakuTar niJaraSi Se-
yuJul, cxovrebis sibrZnisagan gaucxoebul, fuTfuTa da ga-
xunebuli siberis niSandoblivsa da saxier niSans.
gaucnobierebeli SiSia am niRbis ZiriTadi feri, rolis
marcvali. daCutuli berikaci yvelafers ufrTxis, SiSnakra-
vi mzeriT aSterdeba Svilsac, apolonsac, elisabedsac, ma-
Tikosac _ maxes xom ar migebeno! igi garegnulad lbili da
mosiyvarulea, Sinaganad ki, kerpi da Seuryeveli. elisabedis
vaJs, apolons _ abesalaSvils Tvals ar acilebs, Semparavi
ironiiT uRimis, almacerad gahxedavs, gamocdil mzeras nama-

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 maradi berika

lev wyromasac daatans qalaquri intonaciiT: `cavatanem!~ (qar-

Tulad _ Seni Wirime). abezari, qeifs gadayolili da usaqmu-
ri apoloni misTvis miuRebelia, mowinaaRmdegea, ~sxvagvaria~,
sxvaa! elisabeds _ WankvetaZes SeTqmulis sifrTxiliT uTval-
Tvalebs. TiTqos, saSiS zraxvaTa gamocnobas eswrafvis, raTa
momzadebuli daxvdes da droulad moigerios mezoblis Semo-
teva, vaJiSvils, sergos _ roiniSvils gulmxurvale mSoblis
dammunaTebeli mzeriT Sehyurebs: aba, Sen ici, valis gadaxda
ar maiZulo, es ra vaJkacis sakadrisiao. mosamsaxure gogos _
Tamar gegeWkors jer undili mzeriT zomavs, mere berikacis
sixarbiT xels waatans, uqmad xom ar vaWmevo. msaxiobis Sefa-
sebebi fermweris Wrela-Wrula saRebavebiTaa gamosaxuli, max-
vilgonivrul mignebebSi advilad ikiTxeba qveteqstis yoveli
Sre, grafikosis rudunebiT gamoyvanil xazebsa Tu xveulebSi
iolad ikiTxeba personaJis namalevi survili, miswrafeba, mi-
zani. artistis fantazias, TiTqos, sazRvari ara aqvs.
SiSis fenomeni mravalgzis gamxdara inteleqtualTa msje-
lobis obieqti. metad sagulisxmoa SiSis ori saxeobis gamoyo-
fa _ umartivesi, `umankoebis~ safexuris SiSi _ `SiSi arafris
winaSe~ da maRali safexuris SiSi _ `SesaZleblobis SiSi~
(kierkegori). danieli filosofosis mosazrebaTa gaziarebiT,
herman hesec SiSis diferenciacias axdens: `bunebiT gamowveuli
SiSi~ da `goniT gamowveuli SiSi~. Tu maTs pozicias dasaSve-
bad miviCnevT da vaRiarebT imasac, rom erTi mdgomareobis Si-
Sidan meoreSi gadasvla `naxtomiT xdeba”, maSin SesaZlebelia
aRiniSnos _ giorgi pi pinaSvili osefas SiSs warmogvidgens
`cxovrebis primitiul-infantilur~ stadiaSi myofs, is Tama-
Sobs personaJs, romlis SiSi `arafris~ winaSe aris individis
Sinagani biZgi, mamoZravebeli `zambara~ da dabali safexuridan
ufro maRal stadiaSi gadasvla (goniT gamowveuli SiSi) mas
ar uweria! osefa maradiuli umwifrobis, maradiuli `umanko-
ebis SiSis~ stadiaSia CarCenili. TiTqos am mosazrebis ilus-
tracias axdens msaxiobi scenaze. TiTqos, masac miesadageba
heses sityvebi: `erTi rame ki sruliad ver warmoudgeniaT am

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adamianebs: SiSis gareSe mindobodnen da danebebodnen bunebasa

da sulTa samyaros... SiSi ganagebda adamianTa cxovrebas... SiSi
iyo is tvirTi, romelic mZimed awva maT cxovrebas...~ SiSis
`zambara~ ancad xtis parum osefas Sinagan samyaroSi! (cita-
tebi moxmobilia wignidan: rezo yaralaSvili, herman heses
Semoqmedebis problemebi, Tbilisi, 1980. gv. 47-49)
ai, `gardacvlili~ maSikos _ eka andronikaSvilis `lan-
di~ miuaxlovda, gamoelaparaka da... uSfoTveli, Tavisi yadris
mcodne darbaiseli berikaci dafeTebuli, myisierad acocdeba
aivnis boZze. SiSnakravi, erTianad acaxcaxebuli, nirwamxdari
zemodan dascqeris maSikos, angariSmiucemlad butbutebs da
Svelas iTxovs. mere gons moegeba _ es rogor vikadre patio-
sanma gvammao da yoyloCina balRis gagulisebiT `brZanebs~ _
`CamamsviTo!~ mudara, Zrwola, uxerxuloba, sibeCave, damuna-
Teba, gamoRviZebuli mamakacuri Rirsebis grZnoba da simtki-
ce... mainc SiSi, ~arafris~ winaSe SiSi, erTbaSad gadmoifrqva
am erTi SeZaxiliT. intonaciis, plastikis, Jestis, mimikis
sicxadem da saxierebam sisavsiT gamoavlina personaJis Sina-
gani dinamikis mouxelTebeli niuansebic ki, am cvlilebaTa
svlebi, namalevi fiqri da miswrafeba.
osefa _ pi pinaSvili warmoudgeneli gulubryvilobiT
ijerebs ynawvili qalis gardacvalebas, dedamiss samgloviaro
kalaTas ugzavnis. mere, dardisagan daxSuli goneba umweod
aatortmanebs, damnaSavesaviT mxrebSi CamZvrali ganwirulis
sificxiT kalaTs eZgereba da dabneuli Tavze Camoicvams. bu-
fonaduri maxvilgoniereba, oinbazobis sisxarte, miamitobis
sicxade daxvewili plastikiT warmoisaxa da komizmis elvare-
biT Tavad msaxiobis uzado iumori warmoaCina. msaxiobma icis
feradovani Jestisa da intonaciis fasi! is mayurebelze zemoq-
medebis xelovnebasac flobs, magram arsad, arc erT wuTs ar
Ralatobs zomierebis grZnoba. artisti Rirseulad daatarebs
Tavis gmirs bewvis xidze, gemovnebiTa da azriani gamomsaxve-
lobiT mTeli modgmis niSans aqandakebs. mixeil TumaniSvili
xelovanis sinatifesa da gemovnebas, zomierebasa da azrian Ta-

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 maradi berika

maSs metismetad afasebda, mas `artistobis aristokratizms~

uwodebda. am TvisebiT gamorCeulia giorgi pi pinaSvilic. es
Cans mis rolebSi _ scenazec, ekranzec, estradazec...
kvlav msaxiobis monologs vusmen:
`Janri _ misi Tavisebureba Zalze sagulisxmoa, amas gansa-
kuTrebul yuradRebas vaqcev. roca jemal baRaSvilTan erTad
vmuSaobdi `iumorinasTvis~ parum osefas teqstze, mTeli am sa-
estrado _ salaparako Janris Tvisebebi Seviswavle, SeviTvise,
gaviazre. estradaze mayureblis `SegrZneba~ _ gadamwyvetia. ba-
RaSvilma zedmiwevniT icis es niuansebi, am Janris Tavisebureba,
grZnobs estradis `mayureblis arsebobas~. oTxi Tve vimuSaveT,
rom osefas axali teqsti `Camesva~ mis xasiaTSi, organuli
rom yofiliyo Tanamedrove maxvilgoniereba osefas bunebisaT-
vis. slengi, am periodis salaparako ena, intonacia, CvenTvis
aqtualur problemebze aqcentis gamaxvileba _ rTuli samuSao
gaxldaT. Sedegi _ mayureblis reaqciam gansazRvra.
Teatri _ gansakuTrebuli fenomenia. ai, Tundac es sakiTxi:
improvizacia da speqtaklis struqtura, dadgenili gamWo-
li moqmedeba, saqcileTa rigi... es specifikuri da urTulesi
problemaa. arasodes varRvev epizodis struqturas, logikas,
mTlian monaxazs, xasiaTis RerZs... es Cemi princi pia, amas ve-
morCilebi, magram am `wreSi~ Tavisuflad vmoqmedeb, axal-axal
Sefasebebs, tonalobas, niuansebs vagneb da ase `vacocxleb~,
ufro zustad, ase vuxangrZliveb sicocxles personaJs. ara-
sodes vTamaSob `mayurebelze~, masze iaffasiani zemoqmedebi-
saTvis. komedia, TiTqos, TavisiT gibiZgebs amisken. CemTvis es
aris yvelaze miuRebeli Cvens profesiaSi. CemTvis aq mTavrdeba
WeSmariti Semoqmedeba, namdvili Teatri, yovel SemTxvevaSi
`TumaniSvilis Teatri!~ es Teatri ki CemTvis Zvirfasia~...
maxsendeba batoni miSas sityvebi, rodesac am Teatris
gaxsnisaTvis emzadeboda: `studiuri muSaoba, aseTi ganwyobaa
CemTvis axla mTavari. amitomac minda davarqva `saxelosno~ _
kinomsaxiobTa saxelosno. studiuri atmosfero, studiuri

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muSaoba xuT-eqvs, an oTx weliwads grZeldeba... mere izrde-

bian msaxiobebi, yofa da cxovrebis realoba, zogjer ampar-
tavneba, zogjer sxva `wvrilmani~ sakiTxebi Signidan angrevs
am studiur muSaobas. hoda, ai, amden xans Tu gaZlebs saxe-
losno _ studia, xom kargi! Tu met xans _ xom kidev ufro
kargi! Teatric asea _ garkveuli ideiT, mrwamsiT, princi pebiT
ixsneba axali Teatri, arsebobs aTi-TxuTmeti weli, mere ukve
xelovnurad grZeldeba misi arseboba, magram is `raRac~, rac
Signidan brwyinavda masSi _ daikarga! gaqra! vnaxoT, ramden
xans gastans am Teatris sicocxle, axali Teatrebis dabadeba
_ aucilebelia!~
giorgi pi pinaSvilma dRemde SeinarCuna `TumaniSvilis
Teatris~ kuTvnileba!

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 maradi berika

` ai, ase unda brZola ! ~

(giorgi roiniSvili)

T eatralur wreSi mas yvela giad moixsenebs. 1985

wlidan aris kinomsaxiobTa Teatris wevri. ramdenime
rolis warmatebuli SesrulebiT, naTeli aRmoCnda,
rom dasma SeiZina kidev erTi saintereso msaxiobi. Cveni dia-
logi araerT problemas Seexo, magram axla mxolod mixeil
TumaniSvilis moRvaweobasTan dakavSirebuls gamovyof. gia si-
amovnebiT, nostalgiiTa da siTboTi miambobs:
`1981 wels Cavabare Teatralur institutSi, maSin ase
erqva. Cemi pedagogi gaxldaT qalbatoni lili ioseliani. oci
wlis asakSi movxvdi mixeil TumaniSvilis TeatrSi _ vTvli,
rom bedma Zalian gamiRima. orive mkacri, magram metismetad
Tavdadebuli, WeSmariti maswavleblis nimuSs warmoadgens.
modiT vilaparakoT awmyoSi. orivem asketurad icxovra. ara-
feri gaaCndaT (materialur uzrunvelyofas vgulisxmob) zed-
meti. rac hqondaT isic Teatrs, instituts, axalgazrdebis
aRzrdas Seswires _ janmrTeloba, sicocxlis umetesi nawili,
dro, energia. yvelas etyoba, vinc maTi skolis princi pebze
aRizarda. maT qarTul Teatrs WeSmariti profesionalebi Ses-
Zines. vin rogor gamoamJRavna Tavi, rogor aewyo TiToeulis
SemoqmedebiTi cxovreba, es sxva sakiTxia, magram maTi saxiT
profesionalebi rom dganan scenaze _ faqtia. qalbatoni li-
lic da batoni miSac Sewirulebi arian, yvelaferi miitanes
Teatris, pedagogikis samsxverploze. maT esec aerTianebT.
pirvelad rom daveswari batoni miSas repeticias, oTxi
saaTi vimuSaveT da gagviSva, gaognebuli davrCi. qalbaton
lilisTan dilidan saRamomde viyavi SeCveuli muSaobas. mas-
Tan muSaoba Zalze rTulia, magram Sedegia mniSvnelovani da
amitomac uZleb am sirTules. misTvis sityva, sityvieri moq-
medeba, sityva, rogorc sasceno qmedebis gvirgvini, sityvaze
muSaoba, metyvelebis kultura imdenad gadamwyveti, mTavari,

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mniSvnelovani iyo, rom zogjer erT sityvas, replikas asjer,

aTasjer gagameorebinebda. saaTobiT vmuSaobdiT erT gamoTq-
maze. axla kidev ... qalbatoni lili da sasceno simarTlis
moTxovna, migneba, aRmoceneba _ es calke Temaa. is gaswavlis
profesiis ana-banas, pirdapir TavSi gidebs profesiis arss,
mere ki yoveli rolis, yoveli epizodis, mTlianad dadg-
mis mizandasaxulobas. yoveli replika, dialogi, monologi,
yoveli saqcieli, Jesti, Tvalis ubralo moZraobac ki mo-
tivirebuli unda iyos, organuli da gamarTlebuli. amas ki
ar geubneboda mxolod, aramed `giWedavda~ gonebaSi, mTels
arsebaSi. Tanac es hqonda rwmenis rangSi aziduli, rac Semdeg
Seni princi pi xdeboda, sxvanairad muSaoba, azrovneba, saer-
Tod, scenaze gamosvla ukve veRarc warmogedgina. qalbatoni
lili profesionals ayalibebs SenSi, gaZlevs codnas da misi
praqtikuli gamoyenebis meqanizms gawvdis, `sagzals~ gatans,
mere mTeli cxovreba SegiZlia `gamoiyeno~ es sagzali. is
ulevia, droTa viTarebaSi ki ar Semogeleva, aramed wlebi da
gamocdileba kidev ufro mniSvnelovans xdis SenSi am safuZv-
lis arsebobas. aseTia dResac yvelasTvis
baton miSas gasaocari unari hqonda STagonebuli repe-
ticiebisa, ise ostaturad, SeumCnevlad, msubuqad migiyvanda
Sedegamde, rom yoveli azri, misi gamosaxvis saSualeba, saq-
cieli, Seni mignebuli gegona. ubralod, Wkua unda gqonoda,
rom es dagenaxa, mimxvdariyavi da Seni fantaziiT ahyolodi
mas. is geubneboda, gawvdida, SenTan erTad qmnida, pirdapir
`giReWavda~, gaCvenebda kidec. imitomac gegona Seni migneba,
rom SenTan muSaobda gansxvavebulad, im saSualebiT, romelic
Sens samyaros `gaxsnida~, fantazias aamoqmedebda. zedmiwevniT
Seswavlili hqonda TiToeulis individualoba, profesiulic
da adamianuric, icoda is `gamaRizianebeli~, rac Senze moqme-
debda, mere raRac idumali svliT SenSi Casaxldeboda, erTad
eZebdiT saRebavebs, ferebs, intonacias. ase oriveni erTad
agnebdiT organul da saxier svlebs.
isini Tu mrwamsis erTgulebiT, cxovrebis wesiT, Tavgan-

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 maradi berika

wirviT hgvanan erTmaneTs, gansxavdebian, rogorc me vacnobiereb,

garegani da Sinagani prioritetis aRiarebiT. qalbatoni lili
`Signidan~ xedavs personaJs, gaiZulebs, jer Sinaganad gaiTa-
viso rolis yvela aspeqti. batoni miSa mTlianobaSi xedvis
unars giRviZebda, garedan ~Sedioda~ xasiaTis bunebaSi, magram
xasiaTis mravalplanianoba, gaazrebuli moqmedeba, motivirebu-
li saqcieli, organuloba _ orives princi pi gaxldaT.
TumaniSvils ar Sevxvedrivar auditoriaSi, ioselians _
TeatrSi, repeticiaze, baton miSas ar Sevxvedrivar studen-
tis rangSi, roca saZirkveli iyreba. qalbaton lilisTan ar
mimuSavia speqtaklze TeatrSi, sadac am fundamentze Senobas
ageben. amitomac miWirs zustad avxsna maTi muSaobis niuansebi,
erTi ki SemiZlia, uyoymanod aRvniSno: orive maRali klasis
pedagogebi arian.
erT dRes, `alublis baRis~ repeticiaze, Zalian CaixuTa
haeri mis oTaxSi, SevisvenoTo _ Tqva batonma miSam da mTxova,
fanjara gamoaReo. sxvebi gareT gavidnen, roca mec gavemarTe
karisken, ucbad, yovelgvari axsna-ganmartebis gareSe meubneba:
`ici, vin aris CvenSi yvelaze kargi pedagogi?~ gamecina da
uyoymanod mivuge: `ras mekiTxebiT, ra Tqma unda...~ ar damam-
Tavrebina fraza da dabejiTebiT miTxra _ `lilia yvelaze
kargi pedagogi!~ es iyo Cveni ukanaskneli Sexvedra, es iyo
ukanaskneli sityvebi, romelic miTxra. mas Semdeg aRar mina-
xavs. cudad gaxda, saavadmyofoSi daawvines, mere ki ... roca
es moxda, iseTi SegrZneba dagveufla yvelas, rom Sua gza-
ze boZi gamogvecala... iciT, ratom vtirodi? sxebTan erTad
mowme da monawile viyavi misi aRmoCenebisa, misi mignebebisa,
yovelgvari SeRavaTebis gareSe vambob: misi aRmoCenebis dro ar
iyo amowuruli, misi SesaZleblobebic ulevi iyo. meore dRes,
Cveulebisamebr rom mosuliyo repeticiaze, aucileblad mow-
meni gavxdebodiT axali, moulodneli, gansacvifrebeli aR-
moCenisa. amitomac ganvicdi, rom amouwuravi SesaZleblobebis
pedagogi, reJisori, xelovani wavida Cvengan. garda adamianuri
urTierTobis xiblisa, kidev amiT iyo gamSvenierebuli Cveni

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cxovreba da amas mivtirodi.

ise ki, ucnaurad daiwyo Cveni urTierToba. Cveni jgu-
fis pirveli sadi plomo speqtakli rom naxa batonma miSam,
etyoba, moewona Cemi muSaoba. meore sadi plomo speqtakls
vamzadebT, ase, aprili iqneba da modis CemTan nugzar lorT-
qifaniZe, meubneba, rom TumaniSvili gTavazobs Tavis Teatrs,
oRond axlave unda daiwyo repeticiebio. xom iciT, oriveni
eWvianebi iyvnen, mTlianad maT Tu ar ekuTvnodi, eWvianobdnen.
qalbatonma lilim miTxra: `imuSaveb sadi plomo speqtaklze,
Tu miSas Seni miReba unda, merec SemogTavazebs rols~. uari
vTqvi da xelic Caviqnie. gamanawiles mozard mayureblTa Te-
atrSi, yovelgvari imedi gadamewura, TumaniSvilis TeatrSi
moxvedrisa. erT dRes institutSi mivedi, biblioTekaSi wig-
nebi davabrune. vxedav, batoni miSa di plomatiT xelSi kedel-
Tan dgas da dahyurebs qalbaton lilis, is ki raRacas eubneba,
umtkicebs (gia miCvenebs, rogor idga miSa kedelTan, rogor
idga galeuli lili mis win da seriozulad elaparakeboda),
batoni miSa mowiwebiT usmens. axlos misvlas rogor gavbedav-
di, iqve kibeze Camovjeqi. roca isini daemSvidobnen erTmaneTs
da batoni miSa wavida, mivedi Cems pedagogTan, raTa kibe-
ze asvlaSi davxmarebodi, man nawyvet-nawyvet, rogorc icis,
miTxra: `xval midi TeatrSi miSasTan, gelodeba~... rogorc
gamoirkva, am seriozuli dialogis `problema~ me gaxldiT.
ase movxvdi TumaniSvilis TeatrSi, repeticiebsac gav-
divar, magram... `dasis wevri~ ver gavxdi. iq gansakuTrebul
atmosferos wavawydi. es calke salaparako Temaa. maSin para-
lelurad sainstituto speqtaklSic viRebdi monawileobas.
`jer daixocnen, mere iqorwines~, gogi margvelaSvili iyo
asistenti. vTamaSobdi sergos. mere TeatrSic viTamaSe. Tuma-
niSvils uTqvams TeatrSi, naxeT ra sainteresod muSaobs giao.
mTeli dasi moiyvana studentur speqtaklze. saerTod, uyvarda
zeimis mowyoba. speqtaklis Semdeg kinomsaxiobTa mTeli dasi
milocavda. is speqtakli CemTvis zeimad iqca. ai, im dRes gav-
xdi kinomsaxiobTa Teatris, am dasis namdvili wevri.

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 maradi berika

batoni miSac Tavdauzogavad muSaobda, isic mkacri iyo,

Zalze momTxovnic, Tavad ixarjeboda uzomod. oci wlis
ymawvili var, bedniereba mewvia _ lilis Segirdi miSas xel-
Si aRmovCndi! raze unda iocnebo kidev?! `bakulas RorebSi~
galaqtionis rolze `Semiyvanes~. ramaz ioseliani kargad Ta-
maSobda, masze iyo awyobili dadgma. repeticiebs batoni miSa
atarebs. rasac mTavazobs, advilad vxvdebi, radganac ioseli-
anis skola maqvs gavlili. magram sxvis mier naTamaSevi rolis
`morgeba~ advili ar aris, reJisori raRacas odnav cvlis,
amatebs niuanss. dasawyisSi, rodesac zenaTisTan (colTan) di-
di `brZola~ gadaitana `bakulas Rorebis~ gamo, galaqtioni
isev miwva fardagze da is iyo CaeZina kidec, rom axla sonia
wamoadga Tavze, is Cveulebisamebr kiTxulobs, ra moxda, ra
Cxubi iyo aqo. galaqtioni mxars icvlis, xeliT, rogorc
mwers, ise igeriebs (gia miCvenebs, namZinarevi rogor igeri-
ebs mezoblis momabezrebel cnobismoyvareobas, haerSi xelebs
Slis da sanaxevrod gaxelil Tvalebs isev miWutavs...), es
patara niuansi saintereso gadawyvetaa epizodisa da aseve
Zalze momgebiania msaxiobisaTvis _ Tu kargad gamoiyeneb am
`winaaRmdegobas~, sainteresod Seafaseb, kidev erTi feriT
`Seivseba~ xasiaTi. sonie-darejan jojua mekiTxeba, raze iCxu-
beTo, windebs isworebs, mas metad momgebiani funqcia aqvs
speqtaklSi. yovel epizodSi gamoCndeboda CaCaCuli windebiT,
smena aqvs daqveiTebuli, sul kiTxulobs, ra moxdao. re-
Jisorma am epizodis `gacocxlebisaTvis~, galaqtionisaTvis
kidev erTi gamaRizianeblis arsebobisaTvis Semoiyvana sonie,
magram verafriT gaviTavise es mocemuloba, naZaladevi Canda,
intonaciuradac ver movirge. ramdenjerme rom gaviareT es
epizodi da araferi gamomivida, batonma miSam miTxra, movx-
snaTo. me vTxove kidev erTxel vcadoT da am speqtaklze Tu
ver movirge _ amoviRoT-meTqi.
zenaTis Tavdasxma rom movigerie da isev mivweqi, kargad
movkalaTdi da isev Zils miveci Tavi, sonie-darejan jojua
wamomadga, naxevrad mZinares mekiTxeba, ratom iCxubeTo, vera-

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feri gavigeo, Tan windebs isworebs, nela moZraobs, jer mxari

vicvale, mere xeliT movigerie, mere fexsa da xelebs erTianad
viqnev, vigerieb sonies, rogorc abezar mwers, Tan gaugebar
sityvebs, bgerebs gamovTqvam. isev vicvli mxars da... ganaTda
epizodi, erTi SexedviT, TiTqos araferi moxda, magram es gan-
wyoba mexmareboda, Semdegi movlena meTamaSa mTeli mobilize-
biT. amas mxolod msaxiobi gamigebs, misi `gaxsnisTvis~ ras niS-
navs aseTi `ubralo~ Sefasebis, saqcielis, moZraobis migneba.
zogjer gadamwyvetic ki SeiZleba aRmoCndes rolis cocxali
SesrulebisaTvis. speqtaklis Semdeg Semaqo. msaxiobis iniciati-
vas yovelTvis seriozulad ganixilavda, gibiZgebda, kidev da
kidev `mogetana~ axali mosazreba, saqcieli, Sefaseba.
batoni miSa arasodes iyo kmayofili miRweuliT, axal-
axal aRmoCenaTa maZiebeli reJisori iyo, am sixarulis SegrZ-
nebisTvis gvamzadebda Cvenc. `gia! gisurveb aRmoCenebs!~ metyo-
da da, viTomc araferi, gaivlida, me ki Sinaganad vimuxtebodi,
ise ki iumoriTac icoda gakenwvla, ironiiT metyoda raRac
mniSvnelovans, viTomc araferi, me ki zogjer goneba gami-
naTdeboda, misi replika raRac sarqvels xsnida SigniT, an
piriqiT, damafiqrebda da Tavad miqmnida Tavsatexs. inglisSi
viTamaSeT `zafxulis Ramis sizmari~, marTla didi warmate-
biT. speqtaklis Semdeg gvilocavdnen, erTi cnobili kriti-
kosi mogviaxlovda, baton miSasTan vdgavar mec, manana anTaZe
Targmnis, kritikosi aRfrTovanebas ver malavs, warmoidgi-
neT, ingliselisaTvis uCveulod gamoxatuli siamovneba! manana
Targmnis qebas, mis mosazrebas, kritikosi mec maqebs, batoni
miSa dgas welgamarTuli, iRimeba odnav ironiiT, krialosans
aTamaSebs, Camarcvlavs da Zalian Cumad meubneba: `ar daijero!
ar daijero!~ Sinaganad vxarxarebdi, Tavs Zlivs vikavebdi.
miRweuliT tkbobis saSualebas gispobda, sul winsvlas, sul
Ziebas, sul aRmoCenebs mieltvoda da Cvenc amas gvinergavda.
roca repeticiaze rame ar moswonda, ityoda: `sadRac da-
vuSvi Secdoma, raRac ver gavTvale...~ sakuTar Tavs `adanaSa-
ulebda~ da ara Cven. mere Caujdeboda teqsts, gaanalizebda

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 maradi berika

epizods, Cvens TamaSs, isev CaRrmavdeboda teqstSi, aRmoaCen-

da raRac axal svlas, agviyoliebda Cvenc, gviCvenebda, CvenSi
`Casaxlebuli~, CvenTan erTad eZebda, agnebda, moqmedebda...
da Cvenc davfrinavdiT, aRmafrena gveufleboda, axal ferebs,
niuansebs, Sefasebebs vagnebdiT da gvjeroda, rom Tavad miva-
geniT, movifiqreT, SevqmeniT, avageT es epizodi, aRmovaCineT
es ferebi, gamovigoneT es metafora. ai, ase laRad, impro-
vizaciiT, gamiznulad gvamuSavebda da qmnida dResaswauls.
bunebrivad giCndeboda SegrZneba, rom Tavad iyavi rolis ga-
dawyvetis, dadgmis Tanaavtori. TumaniSvilis skola gamzadebs,
rom iyo Seni rolis avtori! Tu gvinda, msaxiobi Camoyalib-
des ostatad, moRvawed, artistad (da ara artistoba artis-
tobisTvis!), es skola, misi mignebebiT unda SevinarCunoT da
ase gadavceT momaval Taobas. batonma miSam bevri ram Secvala
qarTul TeatrSi. man profesiuli azrovnebis, motivirebuli
TamaSis, saqcielTa logikis Ziebis kulti daamkvidra da Tun-
dac amiT, erovnuli saSemsruleblo skola Seqmna, sasceno
xelovneba ganviTarebis maRal safexurze aiyvana~.
mere Cven Tanamedrove Teatrze, erovnul saSemsruleblo
kulturaze visaubreT, teledadgmebic mimovixileT. mkacrad
Sevafase komediuri `sketCebi~, SabaTobiT, Tu sakvirao saRa-
mos warmodgenili gasarTobi sanaxaobebi, araprofesionalTa
ugemovnebo TamaSi, maTi metyvelebis kultura. gemovnebisa da
profesionalizmis deficiti mwvaved aRvniSne. gia mSvidad mis-
menda, mere dajerebiT miTxra:
`geTanxmebiT, qalbatono naTela, dRevandeli satelevi-
zio Sous SefasebaSi, magram akrZalviT araferi gamova. pro-
fesionalebma unda warmoadginon maRali xarisxis alterna-
tiuli sanaxaoba da maSin TavisTavad gaqreba ekranidan mdare
xarisxis, araprofesiuli programebi. maTSi araerTia niWieri,
niWs ra gamolevs saqarTveloSi, magram Tu Cven gvinda aseTi
xarisxis produqcia gaqres ekranidan, unda SevqmnaT, vuCvenoT
maRali rangis alternatiuli sanaxaoba, mxolod ase SeiZ-
leba `brZola~. lili ioselianmac da mixeil TumaniSvilmac

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arsebulisagan gansxvavebuli, maRali xarisxis, gaazrebuli

profesiuli aRzrdis saxeoba Camoayalibes, sityviT ki ara,
saqmiT daupirispirdnen profesiuli wvrTnis damkvidrebul
formas, maRali rangis pedagogiuri moRvaweobiT da sagulis-
xmo SedegiT miaRwies sayovelTao aRiarebas. faqtia, rom maTi
Segirdebi warmatebuli artistebi arian. `TumaniSvilis sko-
la~ alternatiuli da warmatebulia, batoni miSa ase Seebr-
Zola SemoqmedebiT umaRles saswavlebelSi profesionalebis
momzadebis moZvelebul formas. ai, ase unda `brZola!~

***
gia roiniSvilis mier Sesrulebul yovel rols etyoba
am ori reJisoris `xeli~. maTTan Sexvedras igi iRbals mi-
awers, madlieria bedisa maTTan SemoqmedebiTi urTierTobiT
SeZenili codnisa da gancdili sixarulisaTvis. madlierebis
grZnoba ki mxolod amSvenebs adamianebs. axla ramdenime rols
gavixseneb mxolod.
1992 wels, gausaZlis pirobebSi, politikuri katakliz-
mebis, samoqalaqo dapirisrirebis, rTuli socialuri viTa-
rebis miuxedavad, mixeil TumaniSvilma dadga Zalze lamazi
da haerovani warmodgena, Seqspiris komedia `zafxulis Ramis
sizmari~. Tavad mixeil TumaniSvili aRniSnavs: `odesRac me
davdgi Seqspiris es SesaniSnavi, yvelaze idumali qmnileba,
romelic arc erT mis piesas ar hgavs. magram gana axla amis
droa? TeatrSi sayinulea, deni ar aris. fuli ar aris. ro-
gor davdga es zRapruli feeria dekoraciisa da kostiumebis
gareSe?...~ (`axla ki farda~, gv. 281).
odesRac, 28 wlis winaT, es feeriuli komedia reJisorma
rusTavelis Teatris did scenaze dadga, dekoraciis, kosti-
umebis, rekvizitis, xmauris partituris, musikis, ganaTebis
TanxlebiT (1964 weli). am speqtakls dramatuli bedi dahyva.
igi kategoriulad ar miiRes reJisoris mudmivma oponentebma,
ufro metic, TiTqos, am dadgmas elodnen didi mondomebiT,

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 maradi berika

rom Casafrebulebs erTi yiJini aetexaT da mixeil TumaniSvi-

lis xelovneba antierovnul movlenad gamoecxadebinaT. samwu-
xarod, koleqtiuri mZulvarebis xarisxi imdenad maRali aR-
moCnda, rom ZiriTad Tavdamsxmelebs, uCinar organizatorebsa
da fexis xmas ayolil kritikosebs mxedvelobidan gamorCaT
mTavari: `WinWraqasTan~ erTad, ~zafxulis Ramis sizmari~ gamo-
saxvis formiTa da azris simaxviliT exmianeboda Tanamedrove
xelovnebis im, jer kidev Camoyalibebis fazaSi myof mimdina-
reobas, romelic mokle xanSi postmodernizmad gaformda. am
talRis azvirTeba ramdenime weliwadSi klasikur formad Camo-
yalibdeba dasavleTis xelovnebaSi da CvenSic gamoisxams nayofs,
magram araerTi Tavgamodebuli mkvlevari dResac ver, an ar
aRiarebs, rom mixeil TumaniSvili am mxrivac gzis gamkvalavi
aRmoCnda da swored rusTavelis TeatrSi moxda am mimdinare-
obis ufro srulyofili da Camoyalibebuli formebis migneba
misi Segirdis, robert sturuas speqtaklebiT. ra Tqma unda,
mixeil TumaniSvilis xelovneba ver CaiTvleba am mimdinareobis
klasikur adeptad, magram is Tanamedrove xelovani gaxldaT
da amdenad, verc moarul ideaTa, mimdinareobaTa, princi pebis
gaazreba-gaziarebis gareSe Seqmnida Rirebul dadgmebs.
im periodis Teatraluri sazogadoebriobis nawili ki,
saerTod moumzadebeli Sexvda msoflio scenaze mimdinare
cvlilebebs da okeaneSi aRmoCenilebi, TavdaxsnisaTvis Cae-
Widnen im tots, romelzec Tavad amotvifres erovnuli tra-
diciis erT-erTi, maTTvis ki erTaderTi mimdinareoba _ ro-
mantizmi. Tanac aitaces sandro axmetelis mier sakuTari sa-
Teatro modelis gansazRvra: gmirul-romantikuli da miiCnies
rusTavelis Teatris tradiciad. paradoqsia isic, rom vinc
Tavis droze ebrZoda axmetels, presiT, sajaro gamosvlebiT
Tu dasmenebiT imetebda mas avbediT 30-ian wlebSi, 60-iani
wlebis debatebis dros, rusTavelis Teatris xelovnebasa da
mixeil TumaniSvilis Ziebebs axmetelis aRniSnuli formuliT
upirispirdeboda. maTi brZolis simbolur bairaRs am deviziT
afrialebdnen da komunistTa liderebis msgavsad, imperativiT

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esxmodnen Tavs maTTvis gaugebar, specifikur saTeatro enaze

metyvel TumaniSvilsa da mis gunds. samwuxarod, am gaucno-
bierebel, umetesad, piraduli interesiT `mebrZolTa~ jgufs,
am `koleqtiuri mZulvarebis~ legions araerTi sainteresod
moazrovne kritikosic SeuerTda. axla am procesis yoveli as-
peqtis warmoCena ar aris Cemi mizani, amis droc dadgeba. axla
mxolod imis aRniSvna mwadia, rom mixeil TumaniSvilisaTvis
am piesis xelmeore dadgmas kidev erTi, Cemi fiqriT, umTav-
resi mizezi hqonda: mas surda sabolood daeZlia is tkivili,
romelic meoTxed saukuneze met xans mouSuSeblad atara. sa-
kuTari Tavis winaSe SemoqmedebiTi reabilitacia undoda! isic
surda eCvenebina, rom yvelaze sastik, warmoudgenlad mris-
xane, brma siZulviliT aRtkinebul droebaSic SesaZlebelia
siyvaruli da silamaze aRmocendes: rom siyvaruli, sikeTe,
silamaze, sinatife is Teslia, romelic niadagSi Cagdebulia
gadarCenisaTvis, sulieri xsnisa da amaRlebisaTvis, Tundac,
momavlis gadarCenisaTvis, Tavisufali sicocxlisaTvis.
reJisoris CanawerebSi vkiTxulobT: `meore moqmedeba:
esizmra ETezevss ucnauri sizmari. cxovreba_sizmaria! asjer
Tqmula amis Taobaze da hoi, saocrebav, sinamdvile yofila!
roca usaSvelod miWirs, veRar amitania amdeni gaborotebuli
mzera da sayovelTao isteria, mouTmenlad velodebi Rames.
Zils veZlevi. Tanac Suqi ar aris, gaTboba ar aris. me vxe-
dav sizmrebs. maTSi irekleba da xSirad yiramala dgeba Cvens
sulSi mborgavi fiqrebi, ocnebebi. momevlineba sizmari. ara,
es me ara var. es Tezevsia~ (iqve gv. 285). reJisorma Tezevsis
sizmrad Caifiqra speqtakli, amitomac Tezevsisa da oberonis
rolebs _ erTi msaxiobi ganasaxierebda. am variantSi sezani-
sa da degas ferebi, maTi xelwera ufro Sesacnobi gaxldaT.
calkeul moqmed pirTa, gansakuTrebiT feriebis kostiumebi,
konturebica da moZraobebic moliclice gamis STabeWdilebas
qmnidnen; zmanebas, sizmars, ocnebas waagavdnen da uxorco
qmnilebebs emsgavsebodnen. reJisorisTvis botiCelis asocia-
ciasac iwvevdnen.

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 maradi berika

mixeil TumaniSvili mkacr, uxeS, gaugebar, daundobel,

damTrgunvel realobas ase `gaeqca~: Teatrs, repeticiebs, Seq-
spiris yvelaze poetur qmnilebas Seafara Tavi, siyvarulsa da
mSvenierebas mouxmo, lamazi sizmriT Seecada, gadaefara mavanTa
`gaborotebuli mzera da sayovelTao isteria~. realur poli-
tikur sarbielze gaTamaSebul am `isterias~ mZimed ganicdida
da asociaciiT am piesis pirveli dadgmis ambavs ubrundeboda.
man xom `gaborotebuli mzera da sayovelTao isteria~ sakuTar
Tavze gamoscada im ori saTeatro forumis dros, rodesac ga-
momsvleli qalbatonebi da maTi mxardamWeri mamakacebi (zogi
scenis kuTxeSi, roialze dayrdnobili rom zeimobda, zogic
prezidiumsa Tu sazafxulo kinoTeatrisa Tu rusuli drama-
tuli Teatris kulisebSi `saqmianad~ rom mimodioda) winaswar
momzadebuli scenariT moqmedebdnen. ra mondomebiT agebdnen
isini msxverplisaTvis eSafots, ra mondomebiT gamohqondaT ki-
dev erTi kona fiCxi msxverplisaTvis gamzadebuli koconis ga-
saZliereblad! TiTqos es msxverpli maTi moZme, kolega, xelo-
vani ki ara, vinme momxvduri barbarosi yofiliyo! TiTqos, am
msxverpls dadgmuli ar hqonoda `adamianebo, iyaviT fxizlad!~,
`espaneli mRvdeli~, `roca aseTi siyvarulia!~... `inkvizicias~
gadarCenili reJisori momavalSi dadgams: `antigones~, `fed-
ras~, `bakulas Rorebs~, `don Juans~, `Cvens patara qalaqs~,
`amfitrions~... da, ase daamarcxebs `gaborotebuli mzeriTa
da sayovelTao isteriiT~ atacebul `inkvizitorebs~... daamar-
cxebs kidev erTxel, rodesac am piesis axal versias dadgams
da meoTxedi saukunis Semdeg dawers: `Cven aranormalurebi varT,
gvWirs ukurnebeli, magram bednierebis momtani seni _ axvide
scenaze da gamosaxo is, rac ase gvaklia cxovrebaSi: didi siy-
varuli, vnebani, sikeTe, keTilSobileba... marad kurTxeuli
iyav, Teatro, oRond nu SemouSveb Sens taZarSi gamyidvelebsa
da vaWrebs. aq, am ficarnagze aravin arafers iRebs. aq mxolod
eniT auwereli netari sikvdiliT kvdebian. aq ibadeba Cveuleb-
rivisagan gansxvavebuli sxva cxovreba. ibadeba ocneba idealur
siyvarulze da siyvarulisaTvis lamaz sikvdilze. aq, rogorc

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 naTela arvelaZe

botiCelTan, yvelaferi odnav zeaweuli da amaRlebulia. ar

miyvars Teatri, romelic cxovrebas nagvis groviTa da sibinZu-
riT gamoxatavs. sisaZagle isedac sakmaod Warbadaa. Cven xilve-
bi, zeSTagoneba gvaklia~ (iqve, gv.287-289). yofili msxverpli
Tavis gaavebul oponentebs momavalSic araerTgzis daamarcxebs
speqtaklebiT, naSromebiT, gamosvlebiT da... mimteveblobis ga-
saocari niWiTac, Tumca gulis siRrmeSi gaCenili natyviari
daviwyebis uflebas uspobs!.
reJisoris mimteveblobis unariT daimedebuli yofili
oponentebi axla mis megobrobas Cemuloben, diTirambebs ar
iSureben, masze statiebsa da wignebsac (!) ki weren, TiTqos
yvelas, am ambebis momswreebsac da maTs monaTxrobze aRzrdi-
lebsac, mexsiereba warTmeuli gvqondes. ras vizamT! cxovreba
am mxrivac paradoqsebiTaa aRsavse, magram mTavari isaa, rom
reJisori sastiki warsulis daviwyebas Seecada da zmanebasa-
viT natifi, haerovani, lamazi sanaxaobiT, Tavisi gamogonili
`sizmriT~ Seecada, Seexsenebina mayureblisaTvis, rom: `es
speqtakli Cvenzea, awmyoze, momavalze. Cven vRelavT, roca
gveZaxian hercogebTan, ufrosebTan, roca uneburad vebmebiT
xolme sasaxlis karis cxovrebaSi (gadis dro da ra umniSv-
nelo gveCveneba es yvelaferi). es aris speqtakli siyvarulze,
Teatris siyvarulze, sulebis, adamianebis samyaroze. Cven var-
sebobT, vebrZviT da maSinRa vxvdebiT, Tu viwyebT mixvedras,
rom warsuli _ sizmaria. es yvelaferi iyo... iyo da ara iyo
ra. `giJebs, mijnurebsa da poetebs tvini savse aqvT warmosax-
va _ moCvenebebiT~... iqneb cotas vTxzav kidec, viTomda iyo.
vTxzav Cems monawileobas sasaxlis karis gadatrialebebSi,
sasiyvarulo istoriebSi. cxovreba midis, sul mcireRa darCa.
male Cvenc landebad gadaviqceviT da dilis riJraJTan erTad
gavqrebiT~. (iqve, gv..291). ase sevdianad amTavrebs am pasaJs
reJisori. mayureblisadmi sevdanarevi mimarTviT amTavrebda
speqtakls pakis rolis Semsrulebeli gia roiniSvilic.
paki batoni miSas erT-erTi sayvareli personaJia. am pi-
esis pirvel variantSi pakis rols bela mirianaSvili as-

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 maradi berika

rulebda. mis plastikur monacemebze, sinorCesa da maxvil

inteleqtze aWrili pakis rolis marcvali _ `momxibvleli
Winka~ gaxldaT. aqcenti gamaxvilebuli Canda msaxiobis indi-
vidualur monacemebze. feriebis plastikuri monaxazi, maTi
epizodebis gadawyveta belas TamaSze aago reJisorma. misi
plastika, haerovneba, sxarti moZraobebi, balRuri siance,
gamWriaxoba _ amosavali gaxldaT feriaTa samefos warmosax-
visaTvis. belas personaJi balRurad momxibvleli, laRi da
mouxelTebeli robini iyo, romlis oinebsac uboroto Wabu-
kuri gaxeleba eTqmoda. gia roiniSvilis paki ukve samocdaaTi
wlis Warmagma reJisorma gamoZerwa da masSi Caaqsova nostal-
gia Wabukur silaResa da sianceze. es paki balRuri asakidan
`gamosuli~ Canda, verc balRur gulubryvilobasa da uSua-
lobas SeatyobdiT. gias paki, marTlac rom, `eSmakis fexi~
gaxldaT, TiTqos, cocxze amxedrebuli jadoqari daaWenebda
`ulays~ sasceno sivrceSi, erTi kuTxidan meoreSi mouxel-
Teblad aRmoCndeboda, macduri Rimili ki uamrav faTeraks
hpirdeboda mayurebels, `eSmakebi xtodnen~ pakis TvalebSi da
mTeli sxeuliT grZnobda oberonis mier morigi maxis dage-
biT gabriyvebuli msxverplis gancdebs. oinbazoba, jadoqroba,
simkvircxle, oberonis brZanebebis swrafi aRsruleba _ es
ara marto misi movaleoba, aramed Rirsebis saqmec iyo da
... uswrafesad dahqroda robini, replikas oberonis gverdiT
rom iwyebda, ukve iq, Sors, kulisebTan amTavrebda da mayu-
rebelSi qaris qrolvis SegrZnebas badebda. sityva, TiTqos,
ketiviT moRerebuli hqonda, maxvili replikebi moziduli
mSvild-isris STabeWdilebas qmnidnen, marTlac, maxviliviT
`Caesobodnen~ partnioris gonebasa da gulSi. Tanac, Tavi
mohqonda oberonis oinebis Cinebuli Semsrulebeli rom iyo,
sakuTari iniciativiTac rom Sehqonda koreqtivi feriaTa sa-
mefos mbrZaneblis `ideebSi~, maxis dagebis ostati rom iyo
da kidev ... SeyvarebulTa Semweobasac rom axerxebda. gulux-
vi siciliT Tavadac swrafad `qsovda~ intrigis bades, mere
Tvalebs moWutavda, TiTqos tkbeboda sakuTari fantaziis
nayofiT da onavari ymawvilkacis simkvircxliT isev `Semo-

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urbenda~ dedamiwas: xan gaxelebuli gaquslavda, xan niaviviT

miirweoda, xan qaraSotiviT miqroda, xan Rimilad iRvreboda,
xanac nakaduliviT mirakrakebda misi `brZnuli~ gamonaTqvamebi,
maxvilgonivrul replikebs ki iumoriT, isariviT gamiznulad
`isroda~... vin icis, vis umiznebda isars oberonis sulswra-
fi da Tavneba robini. mere paki uecrad mSviddeboda, TiTqos,
Cvens Tvalwin wamoizrdeboda kidec, siWarmagis ironiuli
Rimili krToda pirisaxeze, daRlilic Canda, sevdanarevi
iumoriTa da cxovrebiseuli sibrZniT aRsavse qveteqstiT am-
Tavrebda sanaxaobas:
`Tuki rameze dagwyviteT guli,
Tu es garToba ar iyo sruli
darbazs styorcnida eSmakur mzeras, TiTqos, mayureblis
gamowvevas cdilobso, Tanac imaze mianiSnebda, axla momete-
bul Tavmdablobas viCeno da miayolebda:
da gagicruvdaT imedi mwared,
maSin es Txovnac miiReT barem:
odnav Seyovndeboda, TiTqos saidumlos gamxela uWirda,
Tvalebs minabavda da onavari robini isev igrZnoboda xmaSi:
CamogeZinaT skamebze TiTqos
da rac aq naxeT, sizmari iyo.
mwvave mzeras daatanda pauzas, wiTeli jadoqruli CaCi
xelT epyra da daqadnebiT, amayad Tavaweuli ambobda:
rakiRa stveniT ar agvikeliT
da mogviteveT codvebi Cveni,
raki SegvindeT da ar dagvZraxeT,
ironias daatanda sityvebs da darbazs isev grZneuli Rir-
sebiT agulianebda:
paki ar viyo, cru damiZaxeT,
Tu male isev aq ar gixiloT

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 maradi berika

naTel Rimils axla saidumlos gamxelas daatanda:

da Tqvens gemoze ar momilxinoT.
mere gauSinaurdeboda TiTqos mayurebels da sazeimo in-
tonaciiT ambobda:
axla mSvidobiT!... kvlavac gpirdebiT_
sityvas ar gavtex arasdidebiT.~
da... mxiaruli paki kulisebisken garboda, TiTqos axali
oinis samzadiss iwyebda!
`sibrZne-sicruisas~ gamomgonebloba da faqizi didaqtika, Ta-
maSis simsubuqe da azris simaxvile, aqcentebis sizuste da azar-
tuli siCauqe Warbad SeigrZnoboda msaxiobis SesrulebiT.

***
gia roiniSvilis aqtioruli individualobisaTvis, Cemi
fiqriT, niSandoblivia erTi Tviseba, romelic sagangebod
minda gamovyo. misi TamaSis dros iseTi SegrZneba geufleba,
TiTqos scenaze orni arian _ msaxiobi da misi personaJi. msa-
xiobis pirovnuli msoflSegrZneba da personaJis `filoso-
fia~ erTmaneTs ki ar avseben, aramed zogjer emijnebian kidec,
yovelTvis SeigrZnob, rogor afasebs Tavad msaxiobi Tavisi
personaJis qcevas, mis azrebs, pozicias. es `ormxrivi~ TamaSi
galaqtion xosolianis rolSic gamovlinda, giam karga xnis
`gaTamaSebul~ speqtaklSi rom Seasrula. `bakulas Rorebs~,
rogorc aRvniSne, mravalwliani biografia aqvs da, ra Tqma
unda, am mravalplanian sanaxaobaSi `Sesvla,~ rogorc Teatr-
Si vambobT xolme, metad rTuli iqneboda, rom ara is myarad
nagebi `sqema~, romlis Taobaze ase xSirad laparakoben Tavad
msaxiobebi. galaqtionis rolSic Sesrulebis es `ormagi kon-
trapunqti~ iqcevda yuradRebas. Tavad msaxiobis adamianuri
bunebisaTvis, TiTqos, imdenad wvrilmanad da sasacilod ga-
moiyureboda personaJis ~SeWirveba~, TviT anekdoturi faqtis

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 naTela arvelaZe

komizmi, rom mTeli ambavi, miT ufro galaqtioni _ iumo-

risa da ironiis obieqti xdeboda, swored am `distanciuri~
TamaSis wyalobiT. ambis dramatuli ~Semobrunebac~ ki ufro
ironiuli SefasebisaTvis iyo ganwiruli, Tumca, mxedvelobis
aredan msaxiobs ar usxlteboda personaJis ~Sinagani dace-
mis~ warmoCena `danosis~ SeTxzvis dros. komediuri sawyisi
sWarbobda mis SesrulebaSi, miuxedavad amisa, ar irRveoda
saerTo gadawyvetis simaxvile da komikur-dramatuli ele-
mentebis SezavebiT warmoqmnili movlenaTa nakadis erTianoba,
`cxovrebiseuli dinebis~ uwyvetoba.
swored es msubuqi ironia, komizmi da miamiti siuJetis
mimarT iumori axasiaTebda mis sergos _ rafiel erisTavis
gaxmaurebul personaJs, giorgi margvelaSvilis speqtaklSi
`jer daixocnen, mere iqorwines~ (1995 weli).

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 maradi berika

`mitevebas vTxov, madlierebas gamovxatav ~

(zurab yifSiZe)

z urab yifSiZem yovelgvari winaswari momzadebis ga-

reSe upasuxa SekiTxvas:
,,am kiTxvis pasuxi erTniSnaa. darwmunebuli var, Ti-
Toeuli Cvengani ityvis _ udidesi, magram es mainc ar iqneba
is, rac sinamdviles gamoxatavs. axla mTeli ZaliT Sevigr-
ZeniT, vin davkargeT. roca Cvens gverdiT iyo, ver vacnobie-
rebdiT, ra ganZs vflobdiT. Aaxlobel adamians rom kargav,
emociebi gaxrCobs, mere xvdebi... asea mSoblebis SemTxvevaSic.
Mmere grZnob, rom oboli xar. Mme amas ganvicdi.
Bbatoni miSa, xom iciT, mkacri iyo. Aaxla vxvdebi, rato-
mac. Nnel-nela vrwmundebi, rom uimisod Rirebuls, im dones,
rac iyo, veRar vaRwevT.
sul msayvedurobda, rom dros vflangav da cotas vTa-
maSob. kinoSi, Turme, samocdaaTi roli mqonia Sesrulebuli,
TeatrSic sul vTamaSobdi: varsqeni, tarelkini, don Juani,
porfiri, arCili... magram misTvis es cota iyo. vnanob, rom
ase moxda... kinogadaRebebs met dros vuTmobdi, scenaze naTa-
maSev rolebs ki verc Sevadri...
vnanob, rom ver davubrune, ver vagrZnobine, ver gavum-
JRavne imis samagiero, rasac maZlevda masTan SemoqmedebiTi
urTierToba, rasac maniWebda masTan erTad rolze muSaobis
procesi, ra siamovnebasac ganvicdidi uCveulo, ganumeorebeli,
unikaluri repeticiebiT... sul vfiqrob, rom ufro metad un-
da gamomexata mis mimarT yuradReba, pativiscema, siTbo.
iciT, ratom mivdivar didubis panTeonSi? ratom vzivar
mis saflavTan, roca Zalian momenatreba? bodiSs vuxdi da
madlobas veubnebi. uzomo sinanulsa da uzomo madlierebas
ganvicdi. diax, mitevebas vTxov, sinanuls vumxel, madli-
erebas gamovxatav~.
zurab yifSiZe maRali rangis artistia. mas dioniseca da
apolonic erTdroulad swyalobs. misi TamaSi gaxelebuli

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bakquri Tavnebobacaa da qurumis stilizebuli garindebac,

farsuli Tavawyvetacaa da miraklis saswaulmoqmedebac, giJ-
maJi dResaswaulicaa da lirikuli idumalebac, margalitis
sinatifecaa da briliantis brwyinvalebac. is scenaze gamo-
dis, rogorc triumfatori forumze, rogorc bakqi moedanze,
rogorc Samani bindian darbazSi. mas sakaro Teatris Tlili
manerulobac Svenis, samoedno Teatris TavaSvebuli dauri-
deblobac da sakraluri qmedebis miudgomeli kdemamosile-
bac. is samive saxeobis Teatris mesaidumlea, maTi Tvisebebis
uebro gamomxatvelia, nebismieri TamaSis wesis mauwyebeli
berikaa, organulad rom iTavsebs da gamosaxavs Teatris or-
saxovan niRabs _ misi komizmi sarkazmis aCrdilsac daata-
rebs, misi tragizmi dabinduli Rimilis simsubuqiT ikveTeba,
dramis warmodgenisas ki cxovrebiseuli ferebis, bgerebis,
xazebis, intonaciis mravalferovneba Wiatebs da rokavs. zu-
rab yifSiZe TamaSobs gznebiT, dajerebiT, gadamdebad, la-
Rad, TiTqos, oTxive stiqia erTdroulad borgavs, grgvinavs,
elavs da Relavs... sinamdvileSi ki onavari bakqi _ zurab
yifSiZe, Tavis scenur rituals mTeli arsebiT miscemia. is
TamaSis Tilismis mflobelia, azartuli moTamaSea, Tavad
TamaSis arsis matarebeli, acetebuli berikaa: idumalic, da-
fiqrebulic, guljavrianic... paradoqsuli epoqis darad, er-
Tsa da imave dros, gulwfelic aris da eSmakurad cbieric,
erTgulic aris da Tavqarianad drois mflangvelic, marTa-
lic aris da gamaogneblad meryevic. zurab yifSiZe, uwina-
resad, adamiania, adamianurad Zlieric, jiquric, kerpic,
sustic... upirvelesad ki is Semoqmedis diademis mflobelia,
WeSmariti berikuli dResaswaulis brwyinvalebas rom asxi-
vebs Teatris ambionidan. zurab yifSiZe ar gmoZRvravs, ar
gaswavlis, rogor icxovro, imperativiT ar mogiwodebs _
is `mxolod~ TamaSobs! am Tavbrudamxvev, gaxelebul TamaSSi
onavariviT giTrevs, is Tavis `zRapars~ giambobs, Tavis miTs
warmosaxavs da zebunebrivi ZaliT gajadovebs, gatyvevebs,
gaTavisuflebs... is mSvenier zmanebas realobad aqcevs da re-

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 maradi berika

aloba zmanebis rangSi ahyavs, yvelafers ki pirvelqmnilis,

siaxlis, sinorCis pewi amkobs, yvelafers mSvenierebis, si-
lazaTis, sinatifis xibli axlavs.
gaocebuli, amayi da moxibluli var imiT, rom masobrivi
kulturis, quCuri realizmis, iaffasiani Ramis klubebisa Tu
dRis sanaxaobaTa, `teleSouebis~, jeobarebis, `klabSouebis~
moZalebis Jamianobas rogor igeriebs qarTuli Teatri, namd-
vili msaxiobebi, romelTac Seuryvnelad gamoatares TavianTi
xeloba am mdare `maxvilgonierebis~ niaRvarSi. zurab yifSi-
Ze erTi imaTTagania, vinc ar ahyva cdunebas, man SeinarCuna
masobrivi aRfrTovanebisagan Tavdacvis unari, maskulturis
qafs ganerida da kidev erTxel daadastura WeSmariti xelov-
nebis, profesionalizmis, moazrovne Semoqmedis maradiuli
kultis Rirebuleba. SesaZloa, amitomacaa misi xelovneba
epoqis suliskveTebis gamomxatvelic, epoqis surneliT gaJ-
RenTilic da zedroulic, uaRresad Tanamedrovec da zemodu-
ric. misi personaJebi uzado gamomxatvelni arian ara marto
qarTuli mentalitetisa saerTod, aramed amJamindeli qarTu-
li mentalobisa, ara marto JamTa aRmwerelni epoqisa saer-
Tod, aramed konkretulad amJamindeli yofisa, im niuansisa,
rasac ityobineba swored es dRe, saaTi, wamis gaelveba. magram
amave dros es personaJebi, gamoqandakebulni ostatis magiuri
saWreTeliTa da fermweris umdidresi palitriT, klasikurni
arian TavianTi kuTvnilebiTi ierarqiiT. isini daRdasmulni
arian drois, epoqis, erovnuli kulturis anabeWdiT, magram
gamorCeulnic xdebian msaxiobis kerZo kodis msgavsi, ganmas-
xvavebeli xarisxis niSniT, individualuri palitris ferebiT,
Suq-CrdilebiT, xazebiT, bgerebiT, intonaciiT, romelTa
Wvreta, Secnoba, analizi TavisTavad aris mogzauroba ucna-
ursa da fantasmagoriul, mSveniersa da mCqefare, idumalsa
da momnusxvel samyaroSi. roca zuras TamaSs xelmeored uk-
virdebi, uRrmavdebi, SefasebisTvis Seiswavli, saocari Sina-
gani sisavsiT imuxtebi, am samyarosTan Sexeba ukve TavisTavad
aris aRmoCenaTa foierverkiT mogvrili siame da aRtkineba.

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zurab yifSiZe, pirovnuli TvisebebiT, cxovrebis wesiT,

msoflaRqmiT, SesaZlebelia, mTeli misi Taobis simbolodac
miviCnioT. es is Taobaa, romelsac samoRvaweo asparezze ga-
mosvla mouxda usastikesi sabWoTa reJimis SfoTiani agoni-
is wlebSi, daostateba _ sabWoTa kavSiris demontaJisa da
umZimesi politikuri kataklizmebis dros, maTi profesiuli
simwifis, niWierebis amofrqvevis, samoRvaweo sarbielze dam-
kvidrebis xana ki politikur Jamianobas daemTxva. ase mgonia,
maT ver SeZles srulad gamoevlinaT pirovnuli da erovnuli
satkivari, amboxi, mowodeba; verc is SeZles, rom srulad
daxarjuliyvnen Tav-TavianT samoqmedo arenaze. postimperiu-
li qaosis pirobebSi maT ar miecaT intensiuri saqmianobis sa-
Sualeba. gansakuTrebiT maT, visi moRvaweobac dakavSirebulia
sajaro da koleqtiur saqmianobasTan. ararealizebuli Taoba
_ es aris, Cemi azriT, welSi gadatexili Cveni sazogadoebri-
vi yofis erT-erTi umTavresi mizezi. upirvelesi da umZimesi
danaklisi, ra Tqma unda, pirtitvela biWebis msxverplSewir-
vaa, qarTvelTa genofondis ganadgurebaa; Semdgom ki Taobebis
gawirvaa, maTTvis RvTiT boZebuli monacemebis srulad gamov-
lenis mospobaa; Semdeg ki mTeli Taobis uwignur, uerovnebo
nihilistebad Camoyalibebis mcdelobaa. Cvens samSoblos sxva
araerTi ukeTuroba daatyda Tavs am ori aTeuli wlis man-
Zilze, imitom, rom sxva yvelafris aRdgena SeiZleba, ada-
mianis sicocxlisa da adamianis drouli realizebis garda.
zura am kataklizmebSi moyolili pirovnebaa, romelmac obi-
eqtur pirobebTan erTad, sakuTari xvedris ukeT warmarTvis
sadaveebi Tvinierad gauSva xelidan. SemoqmedebiTac ararea-
lizebuli zurab yifSiZe _ mTeli Cveni saTeatro cxovrebis
ukeTurobaTa simbolodac SeiZleba miviCnioT. rogor daaklda
misi gmirebi qarTul scenas, amiT ki erTgvarad gaRaribda
Cveni saTeatro yofa. axla mxolod mis sasceno Semoqmedebas
mivuTiTeb, vinaidan vTvli, rom kinematografma ufro metad
gamoiyena misi niWi, ostatoba, individualoba.
scenaze pirveloba misi jvaria, cxovrebaSi arc ki cdi-

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 maradi berika

lobs am upiratesobis demonstracias, arc usargeblia aras-

dros da amitomacaa, don Juanis rolis Cinebul Semsru-
lebels arc erTi mniSvnelovani premia an sxva jildo rom
ar ergo, Tumca... zura TviTnabadi niWia, araviTar diademas,
gvirgvins, xelovnur epiTets ar saWiroebs _ bunebrioba,
maxvili inteleqti, umSvenieresi garegnuli monacemebi, gasa-
ocari plastika, profesiuli teqnikis floba, gardasaxvisa
da TamaSis Tavawyvetis Sejereba, gemovneba, sasceno mimzid-
veloba, drois SegrZneba, ironia, karnavaluri skabrezuloba,
SeuTavsebelTa SeTavsebis mcdeloba _ am TvisebaTa mflo-
bels, mayureblis siyvaruli da monatreba ergo im umaRles
jildod, sxva yoveli rom fermkrTaldeba mis winaSe. zurab
yifSiZe mayureblis gulTampyrobelia, maTi kerpi da trfia-
lia! ra jildo Seetoleba sitkboebis am niaRvars, ovaciis
am elvarebas, acetebuli darbazis am aRfrTovanebas! mayu-
reblis gulwrfel Tayvaniscemas!

***

gangebam zura imiTic gamoarCia, rom Seaxvedra mixeil Tu-

maniSvils. zura batoni miSas ukanaskneli wlebis yvelaze didi
sixaruli da yvelaze mtkivneuli sawuxari gaxldaT. sixaruli
imitom, rom zura mouTvinierebuli bakqia, improvizaciis ja-
doqaria, partniorebsa da darbazze zemoqmedebis magiur Zalas
flobs da usazRvroa misi fantazia. masTan muSaoba siamovnebaa
reJisorisaTvis. da kidev imitom, rom... zura `aristokrati
berikacaa~, daxvewili sasceno kulturiTa da scenaze qcevis
gansakuTrebuli unariT. batoni miSas samuSao magidis win, ke-
delze mimagrebuli hqonda im piesebis nusxa, romelTa dadgma-
sac apirebda. umetesoba zurasTvis iyo gankuTvnili.
sawuxari ki imitom, rom baton miSas ar eTmoboda zura
kinogadaRebebisaTvis, filmebis gaxmovanebisaTvis, drostare-
bisTvis, nirvanasaTvis, magram misTvis emeteboda yvela roli,
siames hgvrida masTan repeticiebi, radganac zura, TiTqos

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meeqvse grZnobiT, umal swvdeboda batoni miSas Canafiqrs, mis

karnaxs, mis xedvas... mswrafl `gaatarebda~ deniviT mTels fsi-
qo-fizikur, artistul `aparatSi~, alqimikosiviT gadaadnobda,
amsxvilebda, afarToebda, randavda, Tlida, aferadebda da
gaaTmagebuli ZaliT `ubrunebda~ reJisors, axla is `iWerda~
msaxiobis mignebas, axla is Tlida, randavda, kidev ufro amu-
qebda an maqmanis silazaTes aniWebda maT, msaxiobi isev deni-
viT `gaatarebda~ Tavis artistul quraSi reJisoris karnaxs,
gaaTmagebuli ZaliT `ubrunebda~ mas mignebaTa masStabs... maT
gansakuTrebuli sasaubro ena gaaCndaT, mxolod maTTvis gasage-
bi koduri sistemis msgavsi da am `daSifruli~ enis wyalobiT
iqmneboda tarelkini, don Juani, arCil gamrekeli... am TanaSe-
moqmedebis procesSi orive erTianad CarTuli gaxldaT, orives
eniWeboda sixaruli... baton miSas, TiTqos, wlebi akldeboda,
repeticiis Semdeg daRlili ki ar Canda, aramed axalgazrdu-
lad SemarTuli! zura yifSiZe ara marto Tanaavtori xdeboda
am personaJTa sasceno cxovrebisa, aramed avtori maTi msofl-
mxedvelobisa, plastikisa, intonaciisa. zura yifSiZem miSa Tu-
maniSvilis repeticiebiT, misi SemweobiT SeiZina piesis, rolis
interpretaciis unari, gamocdileba, moTxovnileba. zura ro-
lis interpretaciis ostatobiTac gamoirCeva da Tavisi Semoq-
medebiTi biografiiT adasturebs mixeil TumaniSvilis skolis
rolsa da mniSvnelobas qarTuli saSemsruleblo kulturis
ganviTarebisaTvis. am niSniT gamoirCevian batoni miSas Segir-
debi, maT Soris gansakuTrebulni arian kinomsaxiobTa Teatris
msaxiobebi, maT Soris zurac.
zura yifSiZe, TiTqos, naTelmxilvelis gamWriaxobiT
Wvrets personaJis samyaros, ostatis dajerebiT qmnis mis
sasceno ambavs. msaxiobi Tavisuflad `SeiWreba~ personaJis
Sinagan samyaroSi, Tavisuflad danavardobs am samyaros Sore-
ul Sreebsa Tu xveulebSi da mere am mignebebs iseTi simsubu-
qiT, haerovnebiT, maxvili azriTa da plastikuri mSvenierebiT
aqandakebs, rom es erTi kerZo piri maradiuli Tanamdevi xdeba
Cveni STabeWdilebebisa, gancdebisa, mexsierebisa. artistis

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 maradi berika

gaazreba, fantazia, gemovneba, xilvebi sinamdvilis Semecne-

bas aCqarebs, mayureblis sumburul SegrZnebebsa da asocia-
ciur nakads mTlian yalibs uqmnis. esaa, Cemi azriT, xibli
misi xelovnebisa da mizezi misi personaJebis monatrebisa. es
ar aris fsevdopopularoba. esaa gulTamxilvelis, interp-
retatoris, msaxiobis pirovnuli da am niadagze amozrdi-
li personaJis sulieri samyaros Tanaziarobis moTxovnileba,
radganac zura TamaSobs da warmoadgens mTlianad movlenas
da ara kerZo pirs mxolod! Cven gvxiblavs da gvizidavs ara
marto rogor `gamoaqandakebs~ zura varsqen pitiaxSs, aramed
varsqenizmis farTo cnebas; ara don Juan tenorios, aramed
qalTa jadosnur gulTampyrobels, siyvarulis Tavisuflebis
trubadurs, don Juanobas saerTod; ara Cinovnikis erT kerZo
ti ps, aramed tarelkinobas, rogorc inteleqtualur SezRu-
dulobas; ara cxovrebis pragmatuli sisastikis mier provin-
ciaSi miWyletil gaevs, aramed mis udidebulesoba warsuls,
wiaRs, kulturis naSrevs. misi TamaSi gatyvevebs ara marto
elvarebiTa da mignebaTa moulodnelobiT, aramed xedvis, kon-
cefciis, poziciis gamoxatulebiT! ase mgonia, misi xelovneba
qarTuli postmodernuli epoqis savizito baraTicaa, ufro
metia, vidre mxolod qarTuli saSemsruleblo skolis tra-
diciaTa gamoxatuleba. is qarTvel berikaTa genetikuri kodis
matarebelia da amitomac Tavad qarTvelTa sanaxaobiTi kul-
turis gamomxatvelicaa. mis TamaSSi Wiatebs sxivi erovnuli
saSemsruleblo kulturisa farTo gagebiT da mixeil Tuma-
niSvilis skolisa _ kerZo mniSvnelobiT. iq, sadac ikveTeba
am skolis SenakadiT am kulturis gamdidrebis mniSvneloba,
sxvebTan erTad, magram winamdgomTa Soris, aRmarTulia zurab
yifSiZis Semoqmedeba. axla mxolod ramdenime rols gavixseneb,
rogorc kinomsaxiobTa TeatrSi mixeil TumaniSvilTan Semoq-
medebiTi TanaxmierebiT Seqmnil personaJebs.

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***

tarelkini (aleqsandre suxovo-kobilinis `saqme~, 1979

weli). zura tarelkins warmoadgenda aRtkinebisa (roca war-
matebiT dagvirgvinda misi intriga) da dacemis (roca gul-
javriani ufrosebis wyromas imkida) procesSi, kulminaciis
momentSi Cvens Tvalwin maraosaviT iSleboda erTi beCavi, an
gaqnili Cinovnikis ambavi. mis TamaSSi igrZnoboda Cinovnikobis
saidumlos floba, maTs Siga samyaroSi CaRrmaveba da iseTi
niuansisa Tu feris aRmoCena, romelic xasiaTs Sinagan sim-
yares uqmnida. is ki ar dadioda scenaze, aramed kuntruSiT,
TiTqos, xtunva-xtunviT gadaadgildeboda, metismetad wagr-
Zelebuli kiseri, TiTqos, TavisTavad ixreboda, an ganze gar-
boda, wawvetebuli Tavi Tan mihqonda, gamxdari tani ki Tavis-
ken ezideboda sul win da ganze `gadaxtomisaTvis~ mzadmyof
kisersa da Tavs. rolis marcvali iyo _ cbieri melakuda. is
TamaSobda cbier, intrigan, laquca moxeles, magram cbiere-
bac, intrigac, laqucic erTi SexedviT cicqna iyo, umasStabo,
uniWod Cafiqrebuli. tarelkini Cveulebrivi Cinovniki Canda,
`uferuli~ iyo msaxiobis gamomsaxveli saSualebebic, magram
am uCino erTferovnebaSi tokavda moxelis `gamWriaxoba~ _
droze adre aravis unda SeemCnia misi gansakuTrebuli misw-
rafeba ufrosobisaken, fulis siyvarulis gamorCeuli unari
da misi arSiyobis utifroba. zura TamaSobda moxelis inte-
leqtualur SezRudulobas... magram ai, cxovrebis marwuxebSi
aRmoCenili tarelkini, gamoaSkaravebuli TaRliTi da gamo-
usadegari xelqveiTi, gariyuli aRmoCnda. is scenis kuTxeSi,
rampasTan iyo `migdebuli~, CaCutuli Canda, kiseri isev win
gaurboda, xelebi TaTebiviT win gaeSvira, moqnili sxeuli
igrixeboda, TrToda, melias cbierebas da msunagobas ganasa-
xierebda, gaognebuli imasRa Cioda: me xom progresis momxre
var, me xom sul progresis win viyavi, jer me da mere prog-
resi Candao... mere imedgacruebuli Setortmandeboda, TaTebiT
TiTqos haers kveTda, Tavis qneviTa da fafuki tanis rxeviT

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 maradi berika

scenidan Cadioda, ganawyenebuli Tavis bunags miaSurebda... iq-

ve darbazSi, scenasTan savarZeli idga, tarelkini_melakuda
misken miiwevda, Sig Caesveneboda, mxars iqcevda, daRlil-da-
qanculi TaTebs TavqveS amoidebda da Zils miscemda Tavs...
tarelkini_melakudas es epizodi calke etiudi gaxldaT,
calke `saestrado nomeri~, teqsti teqstSi. mas msaxiobi di-
di gulmodginebiT, maxvilgonierebiT, iumoriT, daxvewili
plastikuri monaxaziTa da Rrmad gaazrebuli gamomgoneblo-
biT asrulebda. mTeli modgmis da ara marto am kerZo tarel-
kinis ambavi, gamokveTilad da masStaburad Cafiqrebuli iyo
reJisoris mier da uzadod Sesrulebuli msaxiobis mier.
don Juani (molieris `don Juani~, 1981 weli). speqtakli
Cafiqrebuli iyo, rogorc Teatri TeatrSi. provinciis scena-
ze TamaSdeboda frangi komediografis maRali rangis komedia.
zura TamaSobda provinciel msaxiobTa warmodgenas aristok-
ratTa cxovrebaze. magram TandaTan es meore plani ukan ixev-
da da ficarnagze idga sasceno momxibvlelobiTa da sasceno
kulturiT gamorCeuli msaxiobi. mas Zlier Svenoda Savi ma-
Ralyeliani Ceqmebi, TeTri abreSumis perangi, Savi Jileti
da wveri. dadioda msubuqad, tanis rxeviT, momajadoebeli
Rimili da momnusxveli mzera idumalebis saburveliT mosavda
mis Camoqnil figuras.
zura TamaSobda qalTa maradiul gulTampyrobels, maradi-
ul mijnursa da siyvarulis niWiT aRvsil pirovnebas. trfo-
bis trubadurs ganasaxierebda msaxiobi da zogjer gamkrTali
ironia, wyroma Tu mamlayinwuri susxi kidev ufro mimzidvels
xdida zepuri sazogadoebisgan Serisxul ymawvilkacs. ramdenime
epizodi gansakuTrebuli gamomgoneblobiT gamoirCeoda.
monastridan gamoqceul, mitovebul cols don Juani une-
burad gadaawyda. kopebi Sehyara, kuStad gaxeda qals, aris-
tokratis medidurobiT gamoxata gaoceba _ samgzavro samosi
jerac ar gagixdiaTo da garideba daapira. alesilma elvira
_ nineli WankvetaZem haerSi Savi `steki~ aaTamaSa, SoltiviT

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moiqnia, TiTqos, Juanis gawkepvla surda, Tvalebidan naperw-

klebi dascvivda, sibraze `stekis~ Sxuils aayola, don Jua-
nis momxibvlel Rimils ver gauZlo da gaSmagebulma Sehyvira.
don Juani miuaxlovda, qali siamayes eWideboda, rogorc
Tavdacvis saxsars. Juani CaaSterda uCveulod gamZvinvarebul
cols, mklavebSi moigdo da msubuqad wamoaskupa savarZelze,
surviliT aitaca, Seayena da eambora. Juanis tanis simxurva-
liT almodebuli qali moeSva, braldebebs axla meqanikurad
isroda, qmarma isev Caxeda TvalebSi, elvira miendo mamaka-
cis alerss da... Juani Sedga, Rimili auTamaSda saxeze. axla
elvira kapasad gahkioda: `ara! don Juan, ara!~ Juans TvalSi
Suqi Cauqra, axla ironia gakrTa pirisaxeze _ dapyrobili
qali uintereso aRmoCnda misTvis! Secba, erTi nabijiT dai-
xia da isev gaxeda aalebul elviras. qali isev gahkioda: `ara!
don Juan, ara!~ Juanma daufaravi ironia Seageba damorCile-
bul qals. `o, ara, ara!~ _ azvirTebuli elvira dabinduli
mzeriT Sehyurebda qandakebasaviT mdgar don Juans, mis xibls
ver gauZlo, isev ismoda misi gamyinavi xma: `ara, ara, ara!~
da Tan aqeT-iqiT cvioda pirbade, mosasxami, qvedakaba, samka-
uli... gaoceba, sinanuli, imedgacrueba gamoixata don Juanis
fermixdil saxeze, ganerida qals, mSvidad Sedga, axla ukve
civi, magram mimtevebluri RimiliT Sehyurebda vnebiT gaTan-
gul banovans, ase gaucxoebuli idga ganmartoebiT.
mTeli epizodi naqsovi iyo haerovani niuansebiT. myari
logikiT gaerTianebuli azri, grZnoba, saqcieli mTeli sis-
ruliT warmoaCenda qalisa da mamakacis `faruli~ urTierTo-
bis, aRtkinebis, cdunebis, daSretis, gaucxoebis daxvewil
dramaturgias. ori ostati idga scenaze, maTi TamaSi ufro
meti iyo, vidre molieris maRali komediis interpretaciiT
warmoqmnili cxovrebiseuli namdvilobaca da gamomgoneblobis
elvarebac _ TamaSis wesiT, gamosaxvis formiT, gamWvirva-
le siwrfeliTa da ironiis mkrTali nazaviT postmodernuli
epoqa `iWyiteboda~ kulisebidan. sasceno ficarnagze ki xtoda
acetebuli vnebaTaRelva _ mauwyebeli mixeil TumaniSvilis

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 maradi berika

Teatris kidev erTi feriscvalebisa, msaxiobTa `artistuli

aristokratizmisa~, virtuozuli Sesrulebisa...
daxrCobas gadarCenil don Juans soflis mkvidrni cno-
biswadiliT Sehyurebdnen. grZnobaaSlili gogonebi Tvals ver
aSorebdnen. gawuwuli Juani cecxlTan Sreboda. jambazis CaCi
iumoriTa da ironiiT warmoaCenda qalebis Seuval gulTam-
pyrobels. is reJisorma moisrola legendis kvarcxlbekidan,
msaxiobis iumorica da ironiac faqizi, daxvewili, Tbili
ferebiT iyo Sezavebuli. bafTiani sabani mosasxamiviT hqon-
da morgebuli Camoqnil sxeulze. mere ver uZlebda cdunebas,
gogonebis TvalTa cials, maT gamomwvev kiskiss, TeTr sac-
valze `moigdebda~ sabans, rogorc mosasxams da acetebuli
CaerTveboda maTs gulubryvilo TamaSSi. miamiti da mimdobi
gogonebis guls advilad inadirebda, isini Tavawyvetili yi-
JiniT miiwevdnen Juanisaken. is toreadoris mosasxamiviT haer-
Si isroda sabans, mere dageSil gogonebs xarebiviT Tvalwin
aufrialebda sabans, maT Soris gasrialdeboda tanis rxeviT,
msubuqad da moxdenilad igeriebda maT Tavdaviwyebas, gaw-
vrTnili da daxvewili moZraobiT isev aafrialebda haerSi
`mosasxams~, Tanac Jiniani gaxelebiT Sehyurebda bednierebiT
damdnar soflel gogonebs. mere `mkacrad~ gaxedavda maT, iro-
niuli Rimili auTamaSdeboda saxeze _ `dapyrobili~ gogone-
bisadmi interess hkargavda...
mTeli epizodi msubuqi ironiiT, haerovani JestiT, uzado
plastikuri partituriT iyo Sesrulebuli. msaxiobis laR
TamaSSi komediuri giJmaJi vnebac,^ farsis miamiti Tavqaria-
nobac, aristokratis manerulobac Wiatebda da samoedno Te-
atris TavaSvebulobac krToda. yoveli Jesti, Sefaseba, saq-
cieli nairferad iyo Sezavebuli niWiT, gumaniT, maxvilgo-
nierebiT. mTavari zuras SesrulebaSi gaxldaT qalTa modgmis
mSvenierebiT don Juan tenorios gaxeleba: mas ar SeeZlo, ar
surda, ar eTmoboda nebismieri qali, ver axerxebda gulgri-
lad Caevlo nebismieri banovanisa Tu `tlu glexis qalisaT-
vis~, isini siamovnebiT xvdebodnen misi mcxunvare grZnobis

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badeSi imitom, rom don Juani trfialis jadoqari, aSikobis

ostati, `profesionali~ mijnuri gaxldaT. amasTanave, igi
guljavriani meamboxec gaxldaT.
zura TamaSobda laRad, improvizaciuli simsubuqiT, ar-
tistuli gznebiT; Tamamad dahyavda personaJi sianciT aRsavse
`sasceno bewvis xidze~, masSi yioda epoqis, tradiciis, Janris
Taviseburebaca da erovnuli berikuli Teatris Tavawyvetac,
TumaniSvilis samsaxiobo skolis Tvisebebic da reJisoruli
Teatris niSandobliobac, molieris teqstis moulodneli wa-
kiTxvisa da riskiani interpretaciis ostatobac.
daviT kldiaSvilis `bakulas Rorebis~ metad Rirebuli
interpretaciis wyalobiT, farTod iSleboda ara erTi sof-
lis, erTi ojaxis, erTi kancelariis, erTi adamianis bedis
triali da yofa-cxovrebis bataliebi, aramed saerTod dakni-
nebuli zneobis, dacemuli sociumis, dabriyvebuli glexobis,
umecari moxeleebis, ganwiruli adamianurobis saxieri sasce-
no ambavi; iSleboda farTo panorama sazogadoebrivi yofisa,
romelSic Caxatuli iyvnen calkeuli personaJebi. maT Soris
iyo kancelariis mesveurebTan daaxloebuli porfiric, zurab
yifSiZis ostaturi SesrulebiT. is dadgmis erT-erTi gamok-
veTili figura, misi feradovani nawili, mWermetyveli `in-
tonacia~ gaxldaT, zura warmosaxavda qrTamis `gamwesebel~
TaRliTs, TamaSobda azartulad, gamomgoneblobis siuxviT,
gatacebiT, improvizaciuli siTamamiT. misi wagrZelebuli fi-
gura, morgebuli Jangisferi Coxa, dardimanduli TvalTmaq-
cobiT koxtad gadakidebuli yabalaxi, meZebris gamoxedva da
msxverplis aRmoCenis unari, siaruli ki ara, sriali kance-
lariis `darbazebSi~ adasturebda, raoden maxvili mzeriTa da
umdidresi gumaniT ukvirdeboda msaxiobi yofas, raTa Semd-
gom Wrela-Wrula niuansebiT gamdidrebuli ferebiT gadmoeca
personaJis sasceno cxovreba. msaxiobi fermweris ostatobiT
xatavda personaJs. momxibvleli TaRliTi gaxldaT porfiri,
msaxiobis mier iumoriTa da ironiis nazaviT warmodgenili,
mxatvris maxvili TvaliT aRmoCenili da niuansis feradovne-

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 maradi berika

biT Sesrulebuli. kostiumis feriT, moqnili sxeuliT, mimi-

nosaviT dageSili mzeriT, qveSevrdomul-mbrZanebluri, Sempa-
ravi intonaciiT, lxenisaTvis maradiuli SemarTebiT, msaxio-
bi qmnida ara erTi konkretuli personaJis STambeWdav suraTs,
aramed warmosaxavda amgvari modgmis srulyofil portrets,
mis biografias, xasiaTis mravalgvarobas.
TorTon ualderis `Cveni patara qalaqis~ dadgmas Cuqur-
TmasaviT amkobs zuras mier Sesrulebuli arCil gamrekelis
saxe. scenis erT kuTxeSi, rampasTan taZris maketi ido. zura
am gayuCebuli istoriis, am sakraluri taZris, am mdumare
qvaTa wrfeli RaRadisi gaxlavT: mkacr realobas garidebuli,
profesiisganac gaucxoebuli mxatvari, patriotuli sulis-
kveTebiT aRvsili `protestantic~ aris da Tavisi gardacv-
lili satrfos erTguli mijnuric. zura TamaSobs adamians,
visac cxovrebis `gemo~ gauqra, sul samiod epizodiT aris
Seqmnli xasiaTi, gamomzeurebulia misi Sinagani samyaros Tva-
liT uxilavi moZraoba, xelis gulzea gadaSlili sulis
TrTola, gulis feTqva, azris simaxvile, Rrmad da sagul-
dagulod mignebulia, damuSavebulia da niuansis sifaqiziT
warmoCenilia personaJis biografia, ambavi misi uiRblo yofi-
sa da protesti patara, obivateluri cxovrebis mimarT. sa-
xieri Sefaseba, grZnobaTa sisavse, moqnili plastika _ metad
tevadia zuras TamaSi. amgvari saTeatro esTetikis klasikur
nimuSad iqca misi arCili.
zura qmnis gamokveTil, feradovan, sisxlsavse niRabs,
romelic mTeli modgmis niSan-TvisebaTa matarebelicaa da,
amasTanave, gamorCeulia msaxiobis umdidresi aqtioruli re-
sursiT, ulevi fantaziiTa da xedvis gansakuTrebuli unariT.
grZneuli idumaleba, ritualis sakraluroba, artistizmis
elvareba, naxazis moqniloba _ zurab yifSiZis niRbebi niWis,
ostatobis, improvizaciis dResaswauls qmnian da asxiveben,
sazeimo ganwyobiT muxtaven mayurebels.

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`tkboba procesiT da ara SedegiT~

(nineli WankvetaZe)

n ineli WankvetaZem aRsarebasaviT, fiqriTa da sevdiT

gamando: `batoni miSa rom ar Semxvedroda, ar viq-
nebodi msaxiobi! gadaWarbebis gareSe vambob _ TumaniSvilis
gareSeE TeatrSi yofna ver warmomedgina. man Secvala Cemi
warmodgenebi da faseulobebi, man Secvala Cemi cxovrebis
forma. iciT, ra maswavla? rogor `CavRrmavde~ nawarmoebis
Sida SreebSi, rogor mivugdo yuri avtoris sityvis JRera-
dobas, Sinagan dinebas da rogor gadavitano mwerlis azrebi,
miznebi, xasiaTi saqcielis enaze; rogor Sevqmna saqcielis
saSualebiT scenaze igive ganwyoba; maswavla, rogor vimuSao
rolze, Camoayaliba CemSi rolis avtorobis unari. da ki-
dev... SegvaCvia procesiT tkboba da ara SedegiT! axla ukvirT,
ratom vkamaTobT, ratom vekamaTebi partniorebs, reJisorebs,
mxatvrebs speqtaklze muSaobis procesSi. es xom bunebrivi
iyo TumaniSvilTan. Cven yovelTvis Tavisuflad gamovTqvamdiT
azrs, vkamaTobdiT, erTad veZebdiT da erTad vaanalizebdiT
mignebuls. kamaTiT WeSmaritebis mignebaa SesaZlebeli _ am fi-
losofiur mosazrebas TumaniSvili praqtikulad adasturebda
da axorcielebda. kamaTiT mignebuli svla, erToblivi ZiebiT
aRmocenebuli sasceno urTierTobaTa procesi, azrTa gaziare-
bis Sedegad agebuli `sqema~ _ garda optimaluri formis dad-
genisa, CvenSi zrdida aqtiuri TanamSromlobis unars, xels
uwyobda TanaSemoqmedebiTi aqtivobis xarisxis amaRlebas, rac
gaerTianebis, erTianobis sawindaricaa. baton miSas repetici-
aze yvelani maqsimalurad realizebulni viyaviT. Sedegic bu-
nebrivad iqmneboda. ar vTanxmdebodi sxva reJisorTa miwvevebs,
ar miRirda sxvagan muSaoba TumaniSvilis gulistkenad. masTan
SemoqmedebiTi urTierToba mavsebda da adgili ar mrCeboda
sxva rameze fiqrisTvis. man gagvilamaza cxovreba! SedarebiT
advilad gadavitaneT umZimesi wlebi, saSineli yofa, urTu-

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 maradi berika

lesi socialuri pirobebi imitom, rom movdiodiT TeatrSi,

aq gvxvdeboda SemoqmedebiTi atmosfero da veZleodiT aRmaf-
renas. amis deficits mwvaved ganvicdi~...
nineli WankvetaZis individualobas oTxi sityviT gamovxa-
tavdi _ niWi, Rirseba, artistizmi, profesionalizmi.
niWis brwyinvaleba Sinagani sxiviT anaTebs mis Semoqmedebas,
mis adamianur bunebas. Mmas yvelaferi xelewifeba _ nebismieri
Janris, epoqis, mimarTulebis, sasceno esTetikis personaJTa
gansaxiereba; misi niWi uxvad moefineba. Mmsaxiobi mravalgvar
adamianebs warmoadgens aRzevebisa da dacemis wamisyofiT. igi
farTo monasmisa da niuansis mTrTolvarebis SeTanxmebiT qmnis
personaJTa sisxlsavse cxovrebas, maT urTierTobas samyaros
wrebrunvasTan. yvelgan da yvelaferSi margalitis iSviaTi si-
natifiT Wiatebs misi udidebulesoba _ niWi.
pirovneli Rirsebis grZnoba diademasaviT adgas gangebisa-
gan uxvad dajildoebul ninelis. visac ar unda ganasaxierebdes
msaxiobi, sadac ar unda idges _ scenaze, tribunasa Tu ka-
Tedraze, yvelgan igrZnoba pirovnuli Rirseba, moqalaqe-xelo-
vanis uryevi neba, misi poziciis mniSvneloba. niWiTa da nebiT
gamoZerwil personaJebs, iseve, rogorc Tavad msaxiobs, mis
adamianur bunebas, gamoarCevs gansakuTrebulobis niSani.
Aartistizmi bunebrivi samkauliviT alamazebs ninelis
Semoqmedebas, saerTod mis cxovrebas xelovnebaSi, aniWebs
mniSvnelobis xarisxs, pews, sinatifes, momxibvlelobas. es
artistizmic gansakuTrebulia, gansxvavebuli, iSviaTi, uzado
gemovnebiT gamSvenierebuli. aseT artistizms batoni mixeil
TumaniSvili `artistobis aristokratizms~ uwodebda. am niS-
niT arCevda Tavisi dasis `ostatTa orkestris~ Semadgenlo-
bas. Nninelis niWma, artistulma gaqanebam am dasSi, marTlac,
iSviaTi andamatis ZaliT gaibrwyina. Nninelis yvela kostiumi
uxdeba, yoveli varcxniloba Svenis, nebismieri svlis gamar-
Tleba ZaluZs, reJisoris nebismieri Canafiqris xorcSesxma
SeuZlia, radganac gumaniTac da goniTac artistia, TviTna-
badi berikaa, romelsac TumaniSvilma xeli waaSvela, mimar-

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Tuleba mianiSna, xelobis arsi SeagrZnobina. mas cxovrebaSic

da scenazec pewiani Cacmuloba, kostiumis tarebis kultura,
modisadmi yuradReba axasiaTebs, arasodes Ralatobs zomie-
rebis grZnoba, gemovneba. nineli uxvad asxivebs `artistobis
aristokratizms~ da advilad inadirebs mayureblis guls. mas-
Si igrZnoba gansakuTrebuli Teatraluri smenis unari, uzo-
mod yuradrebiania reJisoris, partnioris, mxatvris, kom-
pozitoris rCevis, SemoTavazebis, mignebaTa mimarT, gumaniT
mikvleuls goniT amowmebs da faqizad randavs. is yovelT-
vis Tanamedroved gamoiyureba scenaze, ekranze, yoveldRi-
ur cxovrebaSic. artistizmi mis TamaSSi Cqefs, navardobs,
elavs, cqmutavs. misi TamaSi macdurad idumalia, sakmaod
Seucnobelia, dionisuri gaxelebiT miudgomelia, amitomacaa
yovelTvis nacnobic da moulodnelic, erTsa da imave dros.
mis yovel personaJs Seucdomlad amoicnob, igrZnob, rom
msaxiobi_pirovnebis budidanaa gamoCekili, yoveli personaJi
mxolod ninelis qveSevrdomobiT arsebobs.
Nnineli WeSmariti profesionalia. es Tviseba gamWoli xa-
ziviT aerTianebs mis yoveldRiur yofas, TeatrSi cxovrebis
wess, estradasa Tu ekranze mis gamoCenas. is profesionalia
ara marto imitom, rom profesia aqvs, Teatri rom aris mi-
si cxovrebis azri, scenisTvis rom mobilizebulia mTeli
misi artistuli arsenaliT, Tavdauzogavad rom icis rol-
ze muSaoba, scenisaTvis rom SeuZlia, daufiqreblad gaiRos
msxverpli (mxolodSobil asulsac ki uyofs dros scenis
gamo!), aramed imitomac, rom dauflebulia rolze muSaobis
teqnikas, xelobas flobs, xelobis arsi aqvs gacnobierebuli.
nineli moqandakis dajerebuli moZraobebiT Zerwavs persona-
Jis vizualur saxierebas, am iSviaTi simkvrivisa da silamazis
formaSi Semdeg Casaxldeba xan giJmaJi, zogjer acetebuli,
xan ki dafeTebuli vneba, xan aristokratiulad natifi, xa-
nac daudegrad mborgavi, xan ki miraJiviT cisferi grZnoba.
fermweris elvare saRebavebiTa da funjis faqizi monasmebiT
Seferili forma, TiTqmis, yovelTvis gonis quraSia gadad-

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nobili, amitomacaa misi TamaSi aseTi organuli, harmoniuli,

mTliani da azriani. Nnineli ar erideba texil xazebs, uxeS
intonacias, dauridebel Jests, riskian Sefasebas, es mignebebi
rolis adamianur bunebas warmoaCens da Tavad msaxiobisaTvis
damaxasiaTebeli graciozulobiT aris gajerebuli, amitomacaa
aseTi saxieri, gamiznuli, Camoqnili.
rolze muSaobis dros nineli xmarobs yovel fers, yo-
vel Strixs, yovel ileTs, maTi riskiani Sexameba ki qmnis
individualur Sefasebebs, plastikas, intonacias. Aam axali,
moulodneli mignebiT, mkveTri monasmiTa da niuansis sifa-
qiziT qsovs personaJis sasceno ambavs, xan maqmaniviT haero-
vania es saburveli, xan oqsinos sidarbaisles asxivebs, xanac
jvalos simkvrives aCens. yovelTvis igrZnoba mravali feris
harmoniuli Tanaarseboba, urTierTgamomricxav, anda urTier-
Tdapirispirebul intonaciaTa uecari dazavebiT aRmocenebuli
SeTanxmeba, moulodnelobis efeqtiT ki nacnobi personaJebi
warmoCenilia manade SeuniSnavi adamianuri TvisebebiT. Mmisi
gamosaxvis saSualebebi, Sefasebebi, metyvelebis manera mra-
valgvaria, xan Zveli qarTuli fardagiviT Wrela-Wrula, xan
Sav-TeTris didebuli miuwvdomloba, xan `vardisferi Tov-
lis~ gamaognebeli simorcxve, xanac mewamuli feris mcxun-
vareba, xanac es yovelive erTad, erTdroulad aRmoCenilia
erT tiloze, mouxelTebeli gumaniTa da ostatis sibejiTiT
Cawnulia, CaxlarTulia, Cakirulia. es gasaocari mraval-
ferovneba da mravalxmianoba asxmulia xasiaTis erT RerZze,
rolis `xerxemali~ mravalnacadi ZiebiTa aqvs mignebuli, sam-
saxiobo teqnikiT ki Cagviristebuli. nineli Tavisi personaJe-
bis avtoria, moqandakecaa da fermweric erTsa da imave dros.
nineli icavs aqtioris suverenitets, magram icis, rom Tana-
medrove Teatri _ reJisuris Teatria da damdgmelia am axali
mTlianobis, speqtaklis avtori. Aamitomac gaaTmagebuli aqvs
ansamblis grZnoba, reJisoruli gundis mier SemoTavazebuli
gadawyvetilebisadmi yuradReba, partnioris mier mignebuli
svlisadmi yurisgdeba. repeticiaze nineli yvelasTan erTad

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eZebs, agnebs, uaryofs, ixsomebs... mere ki scenaze, yovel

warmodgenaze am dadgenil CarCos, rolis xerxemals ucvlelad
tovebs. mikvleul ferebsa Tu bgerebs, saqcielTa rigs Tu Se-
fasebebs improvizaciiT amuqebs, amZafrebs, aSuqebs, axal-axali
niuansebiT amdidrebs. Mmisi TamaSi yovelTvis moulodnelia,
cincxalia, Stampisagan daclilia. mas yoveli svlis gamarTle-
ba ZaluZs, mas yvelaferi Svenis, is amSvenebs scenas!

***
Nnineli pirvelad Teatraluri institutis patara scena-
ze vixile, mixeil TumaniSvilis speqtaklSi `bakulas Rore-
bi~. is TamaSobda inscenirebis avtorisa (cotne nakaSiZe) da
damdgmeli pedagogis mier SeTxzul soflis Worikanas, Winkas,
soflis banovans. scenaze gamovida studentis gaubedaoba ki
ara, aramed berikuli siancis gamiznuli mCqefareba. iseTi
STabeWdileba Semeqmna, rom igi pirvel nabijs ki ar dgamda
Tavis profesiaSi, aramed msaxiobi nineli WankvetaZe, Tavis
arCevanSi darwmunebuli Semoqmedi, gamodioda samoRvaweo as-
parezze, raTa daepyro da moejadoebina mayurebeli. sami aTeu-
li welia, rac nineli am rols TamaSobs kinomsaxiobTa Teat-
ris scenaze da dResac Zveleburi simsubuqe, siCauqe, azarti
igrZnoba mis SesrulebaSi. Bbatoni miSas uberebeli speqtakli
aqtualuria dResac, Tavisi masStaburi saTqmeliT, realobis
Rrma analiziTa da gamosaxvis modernuli formiT. uwinaresad
ki, msaxiobebis damsaxurebaa, amden xans rom SemorCa warmod-
gena repertuars, ocdaaTi weli aseTi sixalisiT, onavrobiT,
sianciT rom TamaSoben, Tavadac iReben siamovnebas, Cvenc gvar-
Toben da gvmoZRvraven erTdroulad. Aaxla nineli_ostati
ufro Rrmad da mniSvnelovnad warmoaCens kldiaSvilis niRa-
bis ambivalentobas: misi gmiri mgrZnobiare gulSematkivaricaa
da daundoblad gamkilavic, naTesaurad gulmxurvalecaa da
ironiulad moqirqilec, sevdanarevi iumori da realobis mi-
uRebloba organulad Tavsdeba mis samyaroSi. misi personaJi
TamaSis ostatia, soflis gamrigea, warmoaCens emansi pirebu-
li qalis siTamames, provincieli banovanis sikekluces. Mmisi

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personaJi niRabs irgebs, yvelgan TamaSobs, yvelas ironiulad

afasebs. is TamaSobs soflis orRobeSi, xosolianebTan lxi-
nis dros, kancelariis mosacdelSi. is miCveulia yuradRebas,
gamorCeulobas, sayovelTao aRfrTovanebas, erTi sulie-
ri mdgomareobidan myisierad gadadis sapirispiro ganwyobaSi,
pirSi efereba mosaubres, zurgs ukan wyevlasa da krulvas
miayolebs _ demonstraciulad warmoaCens sakuTar upirate-
sobas. msubuqi ironiiT, haerovani moZraobebiT, gapranWuli
gamoxedviT, yelmoRerebuli simReriT gamoxatavs momxibvle-
li banovanis Wirveulobas da ai, finalic... soflis ori Wo-
rikana, ori Winka Camojdeba scenis asasvlelTan (nineli da
darejan xaCiZe), gitaris tkbilxmovanebas aayoleben qalaqur
folklors manifestze, mimobneul qvebze da imazec, rogor
aikrifa da gadaiyara qvebi... mere dakvirvebiT gaxedaven dar-
bazs, javrianad SesZaxeben: ase cxovreba aRar SeiZlebao. ama-
sac miayoleben _ Cven gagafrTxileT da axla ki Tqven iciTo!.
msubuqi ironia, parodiis gaelveba, sevda da iumori gadaix-
larTa am replikiT, warmoCnda moqalaqe_msaxiobis pirovnuli
protestic da dauZleveli survilic: Tvinierebis, dumilis
bangisagan gamoixsnas mayurebeli, daafiqros da gamoafxizlos
misi dabinduli goneba.
1978 wels kinomsaxiobTa Teatrma Tavis SenobaSi warmo-
adgina speqtakli, dRes igi damaarseblis saxelobisaa. mixeil
TumaniSvilma Tavis erTmorwmune SegirdebTan erTad Seqmna
`wminda Teatri~ (piter bruki). Nnineli am niWieri dasis, am
`solistTa orkestris~ (mixeil TumaniSvili) mniSvnelova-
ni SenaZenia. Mmisi personaJebi, WeSmaritad, amSveneben Aam
scenas, mravali rolic Seqmna, metad sagulisxmo ekranuli
gmirebic ganasaxiera, warmatebiT moRvaweobs estradazec. ara-
erTgzis mieniWa premia, jildoebi. axla amaze ar gavamaxvi-
leb yuradRebas, axla ramdenime rols gavixseneb, romelTa
Sesrulebamac mas moutana sixaruli, aRiareba, mayureblis
siyvaruli, kritikosebs ki mogvca saSualeba, ase uSurvelad
gagveRo misTvis yvela saqebari sityva... magram mainc is minda
gamovyo, rac `TumaniSvilis Teatris~ kuTvnilebaa, `TumaniS-
vilis skolis~ niSania.

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***
elvira. Mmolieris `don Juani~.Mmisi elvira brazmoreu-
li da erTianad damuxtuli Semorbis scenaze, samgzavro sa-
mosi acvia, gaavebuli msaxurs utevs, mitovebuli qali don
Juans asdevnebia da misi moxelTeba surs. masSi uaryofili
qalis mrisxaneba duRs. elvira aras dagidevT etikets, bano-
vanis daxvewil manerebs, sasaxlis karis dadgenil wess, mas
axla trfobis simxurvale swvavs, masSi aristokratis siamaye
borgavs, masSi Zu vefxvma gaiRviZa...
Nnineli TamaSobda ara marto Juanisadmi dauZlevel
ltolvas, aramed ganebivrebuli banovanis Jinianobas, uaryo-
fili qalis velur gaxelebas, masSi siamaye ebrZoda grZnobas,
magram... ai, elviras miuaxlovda don Juani_zurab yifSiZe,
gaalmasebul qals ndomiT Seavlo Tvali, erTi amboriT da-
acxro misi mZvinvareba da Sedga... ara! ikivla elviram, magram
xeliT moicila pirbade. ara! isev aRmoxda qals da axla sam-
kaulebi daeca iatakze. ara! isev grgvinavda elvira da axla
samosels ixdis gaSmagebiT, iatakze dacvivda CanTa, mosasxami,
qvedatani, TeTri bluza, Tavsamkauli. TrTis trfobis eSxiT
gaTanguli qali, mas aRarc warmomavloba, aRarc zepuri sa-
zogadoebis etiketi, aRarc Tavmoyvareoba akavebs... don Juani
civad gaecala elviras. haerovani Jesti, gamyinavi intonacia,
parodiuli qceva _ nineli samoedno Teatris gamomsaxvel
skabrezul formas, iumors, grZnobaTa siwrfeles gamoxatavda
mTeli sisruliTa da silaRiT.

***
elisabedi. rafiel erisTavis vodevili `jer daixocnen,
Eelisabedi.
mere iqorwines”. reJisori giorgi margvelaSvili, 1995 weli.
didgula da javriani elisabedi aivanze gayursula, fiqrSi
CaZirula. naadrevad daqvrivebuli, gaavebuli, qaliSvils da-
rajobs, Seyvarebuls rom ar Sexvdes, Svils xom ver gaatans
sergos _ man jer valebi gaistumros! mere wamoeSleba sibra-
ze, ofofiviT gaifxoreba, kidev ufro ugrZeldeba niskarti-

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viT wawvetebuli cxviri, moulodneli safrTxis molodinSi

Tvalebi uwvrildeba, qoris gamoxedviT meZebariviT aTvali-
erebs ezos, araferi ar unda gamorCes! Ffulebi unda gada-
arCinos. gaxunebuli qalurobis fuye imperativiT icavs igi
saxl-kars, skivrSi gadanaxul fuls, qonebas. mere aqoCril
kruxs emsgavseba, gametebiT rom icavs sabudars. `Tqven Cemi
sikvdili gindaT?!~ _ aCemebul frazas xan gamyinavad gadmois-
vris, xan WotiviT ikivlebs, xanac Sesabralisad aRmosTqvams.
mudarisa da brZanebis nazaviT metyvelebs, Tanac avlabruli
kilokaviT. kaba maraosaviT iSleba da medidurad wamoadgeba
gaknaWul sxeuls. avlabrel arjals, Zunwis sikerpes Tama-
Sobs nineli, yasidad avlens miamitobas, Torem Tavad eSmaki,
anCxli da kapasia metismetad. roca raime emuqreba mis fu-
lebs, Seuvali da kerpi xdeba. gulSi ixutebs patara yuTs,
miqel-gabrielis gamocxadebis SiSiT RmerTs avedrebs yuTsac
da sakuTar Tavsac. miSveleo _ emudareba da Tan gulwasuli
iatakze gaiSxlarTeba.
ninelis elisabedi da giorgi pi pinaSvilis parum osefa,
TiTqos kulisebidan ki ar Semodian scenaze, aramed avlabris
viwro, mokirwyluli, daklaknili, quCabandiani garemodan
gadmoalajeben asfaltian TbilisSi, Zveli qalaquri cxov-
rebis yaida, surneli, saubris kilo Semoitanes Tanamedrove
TbilisSi, guSindeli yofis niuansebic gaacocxles da mere
isev gabrundnen... msaxiobTa TamaSiT Cvens Tvalwin aRsdga
erovnuli samsaxiobo skolis Tavisebureba, warmoCnda na-
to gabunias, mako safarovas, elisabed CerqeziSvilis, vaso
abaSiZis, niko gociriZis, vaso goZiaSvilis, elene yifSiZis,
salome yanCelis mier Seqmnili da gagrZelebuli tradiciac.
rac mTavaria, msaxiobebma Janris grZnobiT, ironiul-parodi-
uli intonaciiT, zomieri gakenwvliT warmosaxes personaJebi
da gaamdidres winaparTa niWierebiT Seqmnili tradicia.

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***
ana Kkarenina. lev tolstois `ana karenina~. reJisori
giorgi sixaruliZe, 2001 weli. Nnineli, uwinaresad, ana ka-
reninas warmogvidgens, rogorc siyvarulis niWiT gamorCeul
pirovnebas. Cemi fiqriT, es aris rolis marcvali, romelic
yovel epizods, urTierTobas Tu ubralo saubris tonalobas
kravs da aciskrovnebs. bunebrioba da siyvarulis niWi _ am
TvisebebiTaa ana dajildoebuli, amitomac oboli margali-
tis sinatifiTa da simSvenieriT gamoirCeva maneruli, yalbi
da etiketis mona-morCili sazogadoebisagan, romelsac fsev-
domorali gauxdia adamianis sawyaod. reJisorma da msaxiob-
ma naTlad warmoaCines, SegvagrZnobines da Cagvafiqres anas
pirovnul xiblze, sulis aristokratizmze da ara wodebriv
kuTvnilebaze mxolod. ninelis ana Tavadaa sakuTari bedis
Semoqmedi, man Tavad `gamoWeda~ is, rasac farvanasaviT mi-
eltvis, iwvis da iferfleba, magram ase urCevnia cxovreba,
vidre sicruiTa da malviT aedevnos usaxur yofas. roca anas
sulSi daiZra `siyvarulis zvavi~, igi pirovnulad mzad aR-
moCnda ezida siyvarulis jvari, ai, am Sinagan mzaobas, amaR-
lebas (siyvaruli agvamaRlebso _ gveubneba brZeni rusTave-
li), gaciskrovnebas TamaSobs nineli TrTolviT, sakraluri
RaRadisiT, rwmeniT, dajerebiT. aq misi gamosaxvis formebi
Zunwia, lakoniuri, ritmi icvleba mxolod. msaxiobis mTeli
yuradReba gadatanilia anas Sinagani samyaros, Sinagani `bge-
ris~, Sinagani faruli cvlilebebisa Tu sulis xveulebis
misakvlevad, Semdgom ki maTi gamoxatvis zusti da lakoniuri
Jestis, mimikis, plastikis misagnebad. ana afeTqebuli browe-
ulis yvavils Camohgavs, ar saWiroebs ferad, Wrela-Wrula,
myvirala saRebavian gamosaxvis saSualebebs. tolstois anac
xom mxolod margalitis erTi acmis samkauls atarebs, rad-
ganac Tavadaa samkauli, Tavad brwyinavs niWierebiT da pirov-
nuli xiblis naTels afrqvevs. Mmwerlis es umTavresi svla,
xasiaTis `Zireuli bgeraa~ Secnobili da warmoCenili ninelis
mier. Aaq gamovlinda mTeli misi artistuli momxibvlelobis,
teqnikis flobis, rolis perspeqtivis gonieri ganWvretis

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 maradi berika

unari, gemovneba, taqti, kultura.

vufiqrdebi msaxiobis TamaSis maneras, mis stils, xel-
weras da ar SemiZlia, anasTan erTad, ar gavixseno alkmene
(Jan Jirodus `amfitrioni-38~, reJisori mixeil TumaniSvi-
li). Nnineli TamaSobs siyvarulis erTgulebas! sakraluri
niSniTaa aRbeWdili misi ymawvilqaluri mgznebareba. Tav-
dapirvelad alkmene ayvavebuli alublis Stos Camohgavs.
Mmocimcime TvalTa eSxiT, mzis Suqis elvarebiT, celqi
ndomiT Sehyurebs igi amfitrions. mSvenier ymawvils co-
lis uRalato siyvaruli jildod miaCnia da grZneuli
kdemiT Sehyurebs zaza miqaSaviZis mamaci amfitrioni me-
uRles, Semdeg, roca iupiterTan (giorgi pi pinaSvili)
macduri SexvedriT azvirTda masSi vneba, moulodneli
siyvarulis eldam, iupiterTan vnebiani da euli Ramis
gatarebam, uecriv gonier qalad gadaaqcia alkmene. Mmis
sulSi gazafxulis macne, ceti sxivis nacvlad, natifi
qalurobis mze Semodgomisa isadgurebs. nineli alkmenes am
Sinagan gardaqmnas _ giJmaJi ymawvilqalobidan mcxunvare
siyvarulis tyvedqmnil, mowiful qalamde _ TiTqos, xe-
lis gulze gviSlis, gvabruebs misi sulis amonakvnesiT,
maradi idumalebis TrTolviT, almodebuli siyvarulis
niWierebiT. ukve nacadi qaluri eSxiT Cagvesmis alkmenes
aRsareba: `miyvarxar, miyvarxar, miyvarxar!~
alkmeneca da anac siyvarulis niWiT arian rCeulni, mag-
ram msaxiobis SesrulebiT mxolod am grZnobis simxurvales
rodi SevcqeriT. msaxiobi inteleqtualuri dramisa da rea-
listuri romanis siRrmiseuli Sreebis wvdomiT qmnis sxva-
dasxva sasceno ambavs, dakavSirebuls sulieri mSvenierebiT,
magram gansxvavebuli feradovnebiT, intonaciiT, plastikiT,
ise, rogorc amas karnaxobs mwerlis individualoba da reJi-
soris Canafiqri.

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***
ranevskaia. anton Cexovis `alublis baRi~. reJisori gi-
orgi margvelaSvili, 2005 weli. Tavisi ruxi ferebiT, ga-
xunebuli balaxis miusafrobiT, personaJTa urTierTSeusmen-
lobiTa da usaxuri garemoTi speqtakli panaSvidis ganwyobas
badebs, rekviemis mwuxarebas rom SegagrZnobinebs. Aam simyud-
rovidan gaucxoebul saxlSi WankvetaZis ranevskaias gamoCe-
na savse mTvaris naTebas Camohgavs, sixarulis sxivi efineba
oTaxs, Zvel karadasa Tu patara magidas, TviT aq Casaxle-
bul mobinadreebsac. ranevskaia sxva planetidan gadmoxvewils
hgavs, igi sxva sulieri konstituciiT mcxovreb martosuls
mogagonebs, romlisTvisac sulieri navsayudeli ar arsebobs
am tial, mkacr, uxeS wuTisofelSi. foixtvangerma am piesaze
aRniSna, `jokondas Rimils Camohgavso~. uwinaresad, ninelis
ranevskaias Rimili _ idumali, miusafari, gamomcdeli, mom-
xiblavi, ironiuli, da mainc sevdiani, aRmouTqmeli tki-
vilisa da momlodine trfialebis nazavi gaxsenebs mwerlis
sityvebs. ninelis RimiliT, TiTqos, misi gmiris Cagmanuli
Sinagani samyaros sarqveli ixsneba da mTeli cxovrebis, aR-
zevebis, marcxisa Tu mwvave danarcxebis dinebaa warmoCenili.
am dinebis Tavqarian srbolas, trfialiT Relvas, mwuxarebiT
garindebas SevcqeriT da Cagvesmis misi tiktikic, JRurtulic,
kvnesac, javrianad mdore amoZaxilic. Mmisi dabinduli Camq-
rali mzeriT ki siyvarulis sigiJisaTvis mzadyofnis mRel-
vareba ilandeba. Mninelis ranevskaia siyvarulis molodiniT
gaTanguli martosulia. is TamaSobs ara marto dedis sevdasa
da mzrunvelobas, ara marto dis Wmunvas Zmis umwifrobaze,
ara marto memamulis uflebamosilebas, aramed, uwinaresad,
siyvarulis danatrebas. Mmisi ranevskaia momxibvleli banova-
nia da siyvarulisTvis gaCenils, swored mamakacis trfobis
mcxunvareba daaklo bedisweram. ranevsksia mainc gangebisagan
xeldasmulia. Mmas verc gansji, verc gawirav, is Tavadaa
alublis baRi, sakraluri, saTuTi, da mainc daucveli! ni-
neli ranevskaias ufro impresionistTa irealuri, molic-
lice, mgrZnobiare ferebiT xatavs, vidre moqandakis mtkice
saWreTelis monasmiT. es personaJi naxevartonebiT, mimqrali

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ferebiT, SorisdebulebiT, sevdiT, kiskisiT, amonakvesiT da

mainc... sicocxlis trfialis xalisiT Seqmna msaxiobma, misi
Tavdaxsnis saxsarica da Svebac, mokavSireca da mxsnelic siy-
varulia. amitomac warmosTqva ranevskaia _ nineli Wankveta-
Zem qveteqstiT datvirTuli sityva-monologi yovlismomcvel,
amaRlebul, mSvenier grZnobaze. man aRmosTqva naloliavebi
azri iseTi saTuTi intonaciiT, sxivCamdgari saxiT, netari
idumalebiTa da dabinduli sevdiT, TiTqos mTels samyaros
sapaeqrod iwvevs, sakuTari mrwamsis SesmenisTvis ganawyobs. am
wuTebSi is Camohgavs amxedrebul amorZals, Cagvesmis trfoba
wamebulis RaRadisi, mimqrali mTvareca da mzis sxivic erT-
droulad efineba scenas. Mmravali natifi feriTa da niuansis
gaelvebiT Seqmnili ranevskaias portreti Zvelebur gulsa-
kids, kameas gvaxsenebs, ninelis sulis TrTolviTa da loc-
vis idumalebiT rom ametyvelda. sevdiani, susxiani realobiT
gametebuli Cexovi warsdga mayureblis winaSe.
ninelis personaJebi realobidan aRmocenebuli adamiani-
niRbebia, maTi sasceno ambavi moTxrobilia msaxiobis gulis-
xmierebiTa da mondomebiT, siyvaruliTa da ostatobiT da
kidev... pirovnuli xibliTa da umdidresi gumaniT, romliTac
antikuri epoqis alkmeneca da aRorZinebis epoqis kapuletic,
Zveli Tbilisis binadarica da XIX saukunis mofarfate ra-
nevskaiac ase organulad grZnoben Tavs mixeil TumaniSvilis
saxelobis kinomsaxiobTa Teatris patara scenaze.
nineli WankvetaZe Tanamedrove msaxiobia ara marto pro-
fesiuli azrovnebiT, aramed umTavresi TvisebebiT: dRes ni-
Wi, profesiuli TviTSegneba, ostatoba aRarcaa sakmari-
si. Tanamedrove scena iTxovs pirovneba_moqalaqis artistul
gamonaTebas. dRevandeli msoflio Semoqmedisagan pirovnuli,
personaluri pasuxismgeblobis gamoxatvas iTxovs istoriu-
li procesebis mimarT. amitomac werda uiliam folkneri: `...
pirovneba ufro mniSvnelovania, vidre is jgufi, romelsac
miekuTvneba... saxelmwifo verasodes iqneba pirovnebis batoni,
is pirovnebis msaxuria...~
nineli WankvetaZe pirovnebaa! Mmis yovel personaJs am pi-
rovnebis kalTa aqvs gadafarebuli, amaSia, uwinaresad, madli
da xibli misi Semoqmedebisa.

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` Cemi cxovrebis maswavlebeli iyo ~ ...

(darejan xaCiZe)

d arejan xaCiZes didxans velodi, TbilisSi ar imyo-

feboda. ver davuSvebdi, rom masTan Sexvedris gareSe
damesrulebina es naSromi. jer erTi imitom, rom igi Teatris
damaarsebelTagania, meorec _ baton miSasTan metad daaxlo-
ebuli adamiani gaxldaT. maswavlebelic guluxvad unawileb-
da gulis siTbos, yuradRebas, mzrunvelobas. rogorc Tavad
msaxiobi aRniSnavs _ `Cemi sulieri mamac iyo, Cemi cxovrebis
maswavlebelica da didi maestroc~. darejani rusTavidan da-
dioda yoveldRe leqciebze, mere ki TeatrSi. mixeil TumaniS-
vilma da misma meuRlem SesTavazes bina kalandaZeze (rogorc
veZaxdiT qalbatoni leilas sacxovrebels), iq cxovrobda
ramdenime weli. arc sxvafriv aklebdnen yuradRebas metisme-
tad mokrZalebul Segirds. darejanma Tavisi uSualobiT, Ta-
vazianobiT, erTgulebiT, patiosnebiT daimsaxura maswavleb-
lis siyvaruli da pativiscema.
Cven TeatrSi SevxvdiT erTmaneTs. man Canawerebic gamacno,
sasiamovno moubaric aRmoCnda, miCvenebda kidec etiuds, ro-
melmac mowoneba daimsaxura, klounis moZraobebsac, romelsac
repeticiaze miagno reJisorTan erTad, Sarlotas Sefasebebsac,
romelsac mayurebelTa gulRia sicili mohyveboda xolme.
nawyveti msaxiobis Canaweridan:
`warmoidgineT, rom premieris wina dRea. Uuwyveti repe-
ticiaa. Tu es warmatebuli speqtaklia, romelic ase bevri
iyo maestros SemoqmedebaSi, maSin is moTminebiT aris Camomj-
dari savarZelze Sav, patara magidasTan, sadRac Sors iyureba,
meqanikurad awvalebs ulvaSs. Mmis irgvliv darbian teqnikuri
reJisori, grimiori, mxatvari, gamnaTebeli, reJisoris asis-
tenti... msaxiobebs scenaze eZaxian, sinjaven rekvizits, ismis
firis ukan gadaxvevis xma. baton miSas msaxiobebi gamohyavs
scenaze, yvelas aZlevs saboloo SeniSvnas da rCevas. mere
yvelani kulisebisken midian, ismis xma: `SediT kulisebSi,

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CanxarT~! Mmere isev: `moemzadeT! siCume!~ maestro samjer aka-

kunebs magidaze, warmosTqvams jadosnur sityvas: `daviwyeT!~
musika CarTes da iwyeba...
darbazSi sulganabuli mayurebelia da…... scenaze mobili-
zebuli msaxiobebi, erTad SevdivarT jadosnur, saocrebaTa
samyaroSi... wamiT fiqrob, romeli ufro realuria is, rac
xdeba scenaze, Tu mayurebeli, romelic Sens gverdiT zis, ga-
facicebiT Tvals adevnebs msaxiobebs, sunTqviTac ki ar unda
SeuSalos xeli am saTuT sanaxaobas...
Cven viyaviT Tormetni da Cven viwameT misi. Cven viyaviT Tor-
metni da Cven gvwamda. es iyo, WeSmaritad, erTmorwmune dasi~.
darejani miambobs: `misaReb gamocdaze wavikiTxe muxran
maWavarianis leqsi `saba~, batoni miSa yuradRebiT mismenda.
mere sul mikvirda, rogor imaxsovrebda yoveli abiTurienti-
sa Tu studentis wakiTxul leqss, igav-araks, prozas, mere
studentur etiudebs, maT mier Sesrulebul rolebs. wlebis
merec gagirCevda namuSevars. Zalian moswonda etiudebis Ses-
ruleba: ninelis `dabadeba~, pi pinaSvilis etiudi, axla ar
maxsendeba saxelwodeba da Cemi _ `qari~...
darejani miCvenebs etiuds: jer zis iatakze, mere nela Se-
irxeva, Tavs muxlebSi Cargavs, tani ganagrZobs rxevas, mere
Tavic neli rxeviT uerTdeba sxeuls, xelebi jer ganze, tanis
gaswvriv nela moZraoben, maRla da maRla, mere ganze da rka-
lad irxevian, mtevnebi, TiTqos, calke moZraoben da mklavebi
calke, mere erTianad daimuxteba sxeuli, xelebi haerSi mZlav-
rad moZraoben, irxeva sxeulic, ritmi Zlierdeba da `qari
qris, qari qris~... maxsendeba galaktioni, gaocebuli Sevcqeri
msaxiobis zust fizikur monaxazs, romelmac damanaxa poetis
sityvebi _ `xeTa rigs rkalad xris~... Cven viciniT.
nawyveti msaxiobis Canaweridan: `batoni miSa iyo daxve-
wili, koreqtuli, saintereso adamiani da udidesi ostati.
misTvis mxolod Teatri da misi problemebi arsebobda, magram
ar iyo pedanti, rogorc amboben, misTvis araferi adamianu-
ri ucxo ar iyo. Yyvelaferi icoda Cvenze, Zalian kargad
gvicnobda, ufro kargad, vidre Cven sakuTar Tavs. iSviaTi
niWi hqonda Caswvdomoda adamianis sulier samyaros, aRmoa-

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Cenda iseT niuansebs, rac xSirad CvenTvis uxilavia. swored

es uxilavi amohqonda samzeoze da mayureblisTvis xiluls
xdida. Cven gvaswavla rolSi adamianis danaxva, gagvimZafra am
uxilavi niuansebis SemCnevis unari. gibiZgebda am gzaze, mere
Sen midiodi gabedulad~.
darejani wamodga. miCvena, rogor moamzada klounis etiu-
di, rodesac `saqmis~ repeticiebisTvis emzadeboda: `yvrimale-
bi wiTlad SeviRebe, Cavicvi Sesabamisi kostiumi da arenaze
gamosuli jambazis ramdenime ileTi Sevasrule. mere batonma
miSam steki momca, Semecvala siarulis manera, TiTqos, Tavis-
Tavad daibada moZraobebi...~ darejani miCvenebs, stekma rogor
Secvala misi Sinagani ganwyoba, ritmi da Tavis dakvris for-
mac ki, Tan teqsts ixsenebs: `moris focxiSvilis teqsti da
daviT turiaSvilis musika Zalze mouxda sanaxaobas.Oori Sre,
ori fena viTardeboda speqtaklSi _ muromskisa da moxelee-
bis ambavi, realuri fena da jambazis ambavi _ ironiuli Sre;
viTardeboda ambavi, movlenas vafasebdi me_jambazi, kubokru-
li Sav-TeTri SarvliTa da cilindriT, romelic CaCis magiv-
robas miwevda. jambazi dascinoda Tavis Tavsac da sxvebsac,
komentarebs vakeTebdi da mayurebels mivmarTavdi iumoriT,
ironiiT. roca vmRerodi da vambobdi: `daRvare sxvisi sisx-
li~... vixdidi quds, steks gavaTamaSebdi, reveranss vakeTebdi
da mere mayurebels didxans vuyurebdi ironiuli, TiTqmis
cinikuri RimiliT... misi speqtaklebi gamoirCeoda swored msa-
xiobTa saintereso namuSevrebiT, metyveli mxatvruli formiT,
magram rac mTavaria, maRali moqalaqeobrivi muxtiT~.
axla darejani `don Juans~ ixsenebs: `ori sofleli go-
gona gaeba don Juanis maxeSi. rom ar yofiliyo erTi feri,
erTgvarovani xasiaTi, batonma miSam Tavidanve gamijna maTi
funqcia da moqmedebis motivacia. Sarlotam pirvelma SeniS-
na Juani da gadaarCina. Mmas upiratesoba aqvs, magram ra qnas,
pieros winaSec xom aqvs valdebuleba?! `Sarlota_subretka
ekekluceba Juans, xelebi qatoTi gavixexeo, xelebs gauwvdis~
_ mixsnida batoni miSa. roca don Juanis winaSe vkeklucobdi,
Tan imis miniSneba mindoda, rom me matiurinaze daxvewili var,
masze maRla vdgavar, ufro kulturuli var, is ki namdvili

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glexia. pieros movkravdi Tvals, vadarebdi mas da Juans, gu-

lic ki mtkioda pieros gamo, magram don Juanis winaSe is, ra
Tqma unda, agebda. roca piero_rezo imnaiSvilis siyvaruliTa
da tkiviliT aRsavse Tvalebs wavawydebodi, mainc ganvicdidi,
magram matiurinas xom ver davuTmobdi don Juans! mzia Zalian
kargad TamaSobda, Zalian mexmarebodnen partniorebi _ zura
yifSiZe, mzia arabuli, rezo imnaiSvili. mayureblis reaqciac,
misi gulRia sicilic magulianebda~.
nawyveti msaxiobis Canaweridan: `Cven viyaviT Tormetni,
Tormeti mowafe. Ees iyo erTmorwmune dasi. mere sxvebi mogve-
matnen. Cvens Sorisac aRmoCndnen erTguli mociqulebi, uZRe-
bi Svilebi, isini, vinc wavidnen da mere dabrundnen... isinic,
vinc wavidnen, Tavmoyvareobis gamo ver dabrundnen, magram iq,
sadac wavidnen, im xarisxis veraferi Seqmnes, an saerTod sxva
saqmianobas mihyves xeli...
batoni miSa yoveldRe modioda fexiT TetrSi. miT ufro
maSin, roca ar gvqonda Suqi, gaTboba, ar iyo transporti, maSin
yvelani fexiT davdiodiT. SenobaSi ufro cioda, vidre gareT.
sarepeticio darbazSi davdgiT Rumeli, Tavad mogvqonda fiCxi,
nafotebi, totebi, ficrebi. sanaxevrod vTbebodiT. batoni miSa
Zlivs uZlebda sicives, Tabrusxveva dasCemda. Mmainc uZali-
andeboda avadmyofobas, mainc agrZelebda repeticiebs. Cveuli
iumoriT ambobda: `xeebi zezeurad kvdebian~. Tavs Zalas atanda,
adioda scenaze, jer mizanscenebs `daalagebda~. TandaTan ise
Sedioda eqstazSi, ise CaRrmavdeboda repeticiis msvlelobaSi,
rom Zveleburad saswaulebs axdenda. aseTi repeticiebi xSirad
minaxavs. msaxiobi iyo misi yvelaze didi sazrunavi, misi ideebis,
saTqmelis gamoxatvis mTavari `saSualeba~...
darejani miambobs Tavis cxovrebaze, mere dasZens: `CemTvis
is yvelaze axlobeli adamiani iyo, Cemi mesaidumle. Mmis bina-
Si vcxovrobdi karga xans, TiTqmis xuTi weli. roca wigni, an
raime Canaweri dasWirdeboda, moridebiT modioda, cdilobda
ar Sevewuxebine. Mmaxsovs, anatoli efrosi da misi meuRle,
kritikosi nataSa krimova Camovidnen misi speqtaklebis sana-
xavad. efross saerTod moswonda TumaniSvilis Teatri, isini
megobrobdnen. Cven kalandaZeze movuwyveT maT Sexvedra. oTaxi

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movrTeT, davafineT xaliCa, vuCveneT etiudebi sxvadasxva Te-

maze, Cveni trenaJebi, varjiSebi. Zalian kmayofilebi iyvnen.
batonma miSam gamilamaza cxovreba. ramdeni saintereso
Sexvedra, saRamo, stumrebi maxsendeba. `saqmes~ rom viTamaSeb-
diT, xSirad batoni miSa, qalbatoni leila, erosi manjgalaZe,
vaniCka sayvareliZe mivdiodiT baton erosisTan. CavrTavdiT
magnitofons, qalbatoni Lleila da batoni miSa cekvavdnen,
Cven saxeldaxelod vamzadebdiT vaxSams, gavawyobdiT sufras
da movilxendiT xolme. ra bednieri viyavi, ra saRamoebs vmar-
TavdiT! rogor gaqra yvelaferi. madlieri var bedisa, rom
masTan Semaxvedra. Mmere bina miviRe. Bbatoni erosi damexmara,
misi wyalobaa, rom sakuTari bina maqvs, mis mzrunvelobas
yovelTvis vgrZnobdi~.
nawyveti msaxiobis Canaweridan:
`roca baton miSaze vfiqrob, Tvalwin damidgeba xolme don
Juanis monologi da dadgmis finali. Juani amxelda yalb, fa-
risevel, gulgril sazogadoebas, aSiSvlebda mis morals. Ees
ar apaties don Juans, ar apatia aravin, visTanac ki urTierTo-
ba hqonda, yvelam Casca dana zurgSi, saTiTaod, gametebiT...
gulistkiviliT vambob, Cven bolomde ar gvqonda gasigr-
Zeganebuli, gaTviTcnobierebuli, ra Zvirfas ganZTan, niWTan,
fenomenTan gvqonda urTierToba. vnanob, rom zogjer repe-
ticiaze masTan uazro kamaTSi vkargavdiT uZvirfases dros.
is xom ar iyo Cveulebrivi reJisori... is bolomde daixarja
CvenTvis, Cven ki ...
vamayob, rom viyavi TumaniSvilis msaxiobi, Zalian mwyde-
ba guli, rom veRarasodes vimogzaureb im saocar samyaroSi,
rasac TumaniSvilis repeticia erqva...~
darejanisadmi yovelTvis vgrZnobdi siTbosac da madlie-
rebis grZnobasac batoni miSas mimarT misi gansakuTrebuli
siyvarulis gamo. is uTqmelad erTgulebda maswavlebels,
kdemamosil gulmxurvalebas iCenda mis mimarT. matoni miSa am
sada da saTuT damokidebulebas metismetad ufrTxildeboda.

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`maswavla puantebis gareSe xtoma ~

(darejan jojua)

d arejan jojuam qoreografiuli saswavleblis damTav-

rebis Semdeg Caabara Teatralur institutSi, 1971
wels. is eqsperimentuli jgufis meore gamoSvebis im gundis
wevria, romelmac safuZveli Cauyara kinomsaxiobTa Teatrs.
Cven mis sakazmuloSi SevxvdiT erTmaneTs. darejani mRelva-
red saubrobs. mas miaCnia, rom obieqturi Tu subieqturi
mizezebis Sedegad, srulad ver SeZlo monacemebis realizeba,
uTuod damTmobi xasiaTis gamoa, rom SedarebiT mwiria misi
aqtioruli biografia. mas mTavari rolebic aqvs Sesrulebu-
li da epizoduric, mis yovel namuSevarSi SeigrZnoba plas-
tikuri monaxazis sizuste, daxvewiloba, simsubuqe. rogorc
wveTi amJRavnebs wylis Semadgenlobas, aseve misi personaJiT
SesaZlebelia gamovlindes sanaxaobis Janri, struqtura, am-
bis ganviTarebis etapebi, intonaciuri aranJireba, Sinagani
dinebis ritmi da dadgmis mizandasaxuloba. darejanis yoveli
roli speqtaklis mxatvruli gadawyvetis niSania, reJiso-
ruli Canafiqris gamomxatvelia. igi personaJTa aqtiuri or-
TabrZolebis monawilea, `cxovrebiseuli nakadis~ organuli
nawilia. arasodes cdila, pedalizebulad gamoeyenebina misi
pirveli specialoba (baletis solisti), yovel rolSi Tavi-
siT Cndeba xelovnebis am saxeobisTvis niSandoblivi simsubuqe,
xatovani Jesti, cekvis daxvewili ileTi. darejani mkveTri
ferebiT warmosaxavs personaJs, uyvars SarJis elementebis
gamoyeneba, TandaTan avlens gmiris Tvisebebs, romelTa mTli-
anobaSi aRqmas aadvilebs raime detalis, Strixis, niuansis
pedalizebuli gameoreba. darejani, Cemi fiqriT, saxasiaTo
msaxiobia, mas ZaluZs avtoriseuli personaJi, reJisoruli
xilvebi da sakuTari xedva erTian sistemad Camoayalibos da
ise warmosaxos mayureblis winaSe.
Cven vixsenebT mis rolebs, `me-11 auditoriisa~ da ki-
nomsaxiobTa Teatris cxovrebis wess; da, ra Tqma unda, mixe-

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il TumaniSvils. darejanis saubars, siTbosTan erTad tkivi-

li da nostallgia, odnavi gaRizianebac dahyveba:
`xSirad mifiqria, ra maswavla mixeil TumaniSvilma? sa-
erTod, visgan ra viswavle? visi damsaxurebaa, aseTi rom var?
aq rom var? upirvelesad, cxovrebam. TandaTan gamomawrTo,
maswavla, rom vardisferi saTvaliT ar unda aRviqva samyaro,
adamianebi; mimaxvedra _ winaaRmdegobis gadalaxvis dros ar
unda damaviwydes, rom adamiani var. mitevebis unaric gamomimu-
Savda. bevr rames mivxvdi, didi dartymebic gadavitane. ar var
ganebivrebuli pirovneba, msaxiobi... Tumca, bedma mainc gamiRi-
ma _ myavda araCveulebrivi mama, Semaxvedra vaxtang Wabukiansa
da mixeil TumaniSvils. marTla bedis xelgaSlilobaa, aseT
adamianebs rom Sexvdebi gzis dasawyisSive. am samma adamianma
udidesi roli iTamaSa Cems cxovrebaSi, profesiuli TviT-
Segnebis gamomuSavebasa da saerTod, artistuli biografiis
SeqmnaSi. mamam Caminerga Sromis siyvaruli, samarTlianobis
grZnoba, sikeTis dafasebis unari. erTguleba, megobroba, saq-
misadmi Tavdadeba misgan gadmomeca. vaxtang Wabukianma maswav-
la plastikis ena, Semaswavla azrisa da grZnobis plastikis
eniT gamoxatva. Tavad uzadod flobda am enas, gaxldaT maRa-
li rangis xelovani, raRac RvTaebrivi iyo masSi Cabudebuli,
profesionalizmis etalons warmoadgenda. Cemze amyarebda did
imeds, ver gavumarTle, travmis gamo, iZulebuli gavxdi ba-
leti dramatuli TeatriT Semecvala, balerina _ dramatuli
Teatris msaxiobi gavxdi, Tumca, ras niSnavs iyo Seni saqmis
ostati, ara, didostati da ras niSnavs profesiuli Rirsebis
grZnoba _ misi magaliTiT SevigrZeni.
batonma miSam aRzarda CemSi dramatuli Teatris pro-
fesionali, maswavla scenaze cxovreba: azrovneba da dgoma,
moqmedeba da partnioris SegrZneba. Caminerga azrisa da grZno-
bis gamoxatvis saSualebaTa Ziebis unari, improvizaciuli
Tavisuflebisadmi midrekileba, axal-axali svlebis, ferebis,
detalebis mignebis moTxovnileba. saerTod, maswavla, ras
niSnavs iyo artisti, rogor gadavitano scenaze mwerlis
sityvebSi Camaluli azrebi; ra gziT, ra saSualebebiT, ra

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 maradi berika

xerxiT Sevqmna scenaze axali individualoba. mwerlis sityvebi

notebiviTaa, isini raRac melodias (mwerlis Canafiqrs, azrs)
gamoxataven. repeticiaze Cven am melodias vagnebT da gadagvaqvs
sasceno moqmedebis enaze _ saqcielTa enaze. ai, es Cagvinerga
batonma miSam, es anbani Segvaswavla, myarad dagvayena fexze,
gvaswavla puantebis gareSeE xtoma, navardi! iciT, ras niSnavs
es naxtomi? emzadebi naxtomisaTvis, Semdeg naxtomi... sadRac
zeviT, zecaSi xar... mTeli qveyana Sens ferxTiTaa gadaSlili,
navardob... Senc ver xvdebi, rogor daeSvebi da... Sinaganad, rom
aRsavse xar axali grZnobebiT, gancdebiT, vnebebiT, azrebiT,
Tavisuflad eSvebi da sxva TvaliT, Seni personaJis TvaliT
uyureb samyaros... saiTac ginda, iqiT gaqroldebi, Sen giWiravs
saWe da rasac ginda, imas gamosTqvam... Tanac xvdebi, rom orni
xarT, Sen da reJisori, orive qmniT, navardobT, jadoqari-
viT daqrixarT! ar geSinia Camovardnis imitom, rom mas grZnob
gverdiT. am sixaruls, aseT aRmafrenas, aseT bednierebas cota
ram Tu Seedreba am qveyanaze. ai, aseT aRmafrenas gvaziara ba-
tonma miSam da Tanac, araerTgzis!
magram mTavari is iyo, rom TiToeul Cvengans Zalian
kargad icnobda, Seswavlili vyavdiT TaviT-terfamde. Tanac,
adamianuri bunebaca da msaxioburi Tvisebebic xelis gulze
hqonda gadaSlili. iseTi STabeWdileba maqvs, rom batoni miSa
ufro kargad gvicnobda, vidre Cven sakuTar Tavs. amitomac
SeeZlo TiToeuli Cvenganis `gasaxsnelad~, fantaziis, samsa-
xiobo aparatis asamoqmedeblad, misTvis da mxolod misTvis
organuli fandis migneba. verc ki vxvdebodiT ra cvlilebas
ganvicdidiT, roca oriod wuTis Semdeg mTelis arsebiT Ca-
verTvebodiT xolme moulodneli svlebis ZiebaTa procesSi.
amitomac gvegona, rom Cven Tavad vagnebdiT am axal ferebsa
Tu xasiaTis detalebs, Cven TviTon vagebdiT rolis xerxemals,
romelzec mere `avasxamdiT~ axal-axal ferebs, detalebs.
umTavresi ki is aris, rom TiToeul CvenganSi xedavda
individs, gansxvavebuli monacemebis profesionalebs da ara
mxolod sakuTari xelovnebis, Canafiqris Semsrulebel meqa-
nikur Tojinebs, marionetebs. Cven ferebi ki ar viyaviT mis

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 naTela arvelaZe

palitraze, romelTa Sexamebac gadahqonda tiloze, sasceno

sivrceSi, aramed Cven yvelani viyaviT ara marto Tanamzrax-
velebi, aramed misi TanaSemTxzvelebic. Cvens TeatrSi Camo-
ayaliba TanaSemoqmedTa, TanaSemTxzvelTa gundi. arsebiTad,
CvenTan erTad qmnida mTliani speqtaklis ConCxs, sqemas, mere,
aseve erTad vagebdiT masze movlenaTa rigis Tanamimdevrobas,
mere, aseve erTad vqsovdiT plastikur monaxazs, saqcielTa
sistemas. TiToeuls Cveni epizodi gvqonda, aseve, yovel mov-
lenaSi zustad gansazRvruli samoqmedo moedani da funqcia
gagvaCnda. yoveli epizodis kulminacias gamohyofda da Cvenc
`dageSilebiviT~ miviswrafodiT, maqsimaluri ZalTa mobili-
zebiT rom gamogvexata personaJis mizandasaxuloba, survi-
lebi, Sinagani mzaoba. rogorc vTqvi, Cvenze ukeTesad icoda
TiToeulis aqtioruli monacemebi. maTi erTobliobiT qmnida
sanaxaobis saerTo monaxazs. sxvebi rom hyoloda dasSi, maSin
sxvanairad aagebda epizodebs. momzadebuli modioda repeti-
ciaze, magram Cvens SesaZleblobebs iTvaliswinebda SeTxzvis
procesSi da cvlida, Tuki SeamCnevda, rom ver vaxerxebdiT
misi SemoTavazebuli svlis gamarTlebas. roca saerTo mo-
naxazs qmnida, TiToeuls Tavis samoqmedo `wres~ uxazavda.
axal-axal svlebs erToblivad veZebdiT, gvegona, rom yvela-
fers Tavad vagnebdiT da vakeTebdiT, radganac misi karnaxi
Zalze organuli Canda Cveni individualobisaTvis. gibiZgebda,
rom Tavadac aqtiurad yofiliyavi CarTuli Ziebis procesSi,
SenTvis momgebiani, ufro zusti da saxieri svlisTvis migegno,
rogori yuradRebiT icoda mosmena! Tu raime azrs `moitan-
di~, rames gaakeTebdi, raimes Sematebdi an Secvlidi, anda
sulac Seni mignebiT ~Tavdayira daayenebdi~ epizods, ki ar
dagiwunebda, aramed Senda uneburad daxvewda da cdilobda am
mignebis gamarTlebas. ise Segaqebda, wagaqezebda, rom siamayiT
ivsebodi da ufro meti enTuziazmiT iwyebda Ziebas. cdilobda,
ar CaexSo msaxiobis iniciativa. rogori sixaruliT iRebda
TiToeulis mignebas! aseT wuTebSi mzad iyo, daerRvia awyobi-
li scena, Tavidan iwyebda monaxazis agebas. arasodes uTqvams
daviRaleo. Cvenze metad ixarjeboda, Cvenze met enTuziazms
amJRavnebda, Cvenze Tanamedroved azrovnebda.

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 maradi berika

yvela uyvarda, yvelas unawilebda yuradRebas, siTbos,

sinazes. mkacric iyo, Seuvalic, sicrues da siyalbes ver
itanda, miT ufro saqmisadmi gulgrilobas. gulistkenac Se-
eZlo, Cvenc vtkendiT guls, magram sisastike ar axasiaTebda,
advilad mimtevebeli iyo. yvelas uzomod gviyvarda, gvjeroda
misi, vendobodiT, mis azrs gadamwyveti mniSvneloba hqonda.
es icoda, magram ar sargeblobda Tavisi upiratesobiT. roca
speqtaklis Semdeg TiToeuls Secdomas, an uzustobas miuTi-
Tebda, mkacrad, magram samarTlianad afasebda Cvens TamaSs.
gansakuTrebulad `gadamlaSebas~, mayurebelze TamaSs ver egu-
eboda, aseT dros daundobelic ki xdeboda.
repeticiis dros cdilobda, mieRwia sruli Sinagani Ta-
visuflebisaTvis. ise agviyoliebda, gagvaTamamebda, agvitaceb-
da, rom TamaSis xibliT monusxulebi, pirdapir vnavardobdiT
mis mier miTiTebul sivrceSi. umetesad ise gagvitacebda imp-
rovizaciuli Tavisufleba, rom verc dros da verc veraviTar
sazrunavs vgrZnobdiT. isic gvaviwydeboda, rom CvenTan erTad
yvelaze metad onavrobda TviTon maestro. verc asakobriv da
verc mdgomareobiT gansxvavebas vgrZnobdiT. Cveni Tanatoli
gvegona da iseTi STabeWdileba gveqmneboda, TiTqos, Cveni fan-
taziis, Ziebis, mignebis Sedegad mivaRwieT aseT gadawyvetas,
aseT gamomsaxvelobas, ferebsa Tu detalebs, man mxolod
~odnav~ SegvaSvela xeli.
yvelasTan piradi damokidebuleba hqonda. pirvel da meore
kursze sul imas cdilobda, Cemi plastikuri monacemebi gamo-
eyenebina. aqeTken mibiZgebda etiudebisa Tu nawyvetebis TamaSis
dros. gajiutebuli ar vaZlevdi amis saSualebas. mindoda, ki-
dev sxva aspeqti aRmomeCina CemSi. mindoda, Cemi adgilisaTvis
mimegno. batoni miSa iTvaliswinebda Cems survils. saerTod,
urTierTobaSi irCevda dialogis formas, kategoriul mo-
sazrebebs gaurboda, cdilobda Sens darwmunebas logikuri
msjelobiT, analiziT. yovelTvis vcdilobdi, naTlad Camome-
yalibebina saTqmeli, gameazrebina, ras vaniWebdi upiratesobas,
daJinebiT vpoulobdi sagulisxmo svlas, meore repeticiaze
gamokveTil formas vaZlevdi guSindel mignebas. batoni miSa

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 naTela arvelaZe

moTminebiT meloda, ras mivaRwevdi. mere ise amixsnida mov-

lenis arss, iseTi analiziT mimaxvedrebda rolis ama Tu im
aspeqts, rom mTeli ambavi naTlad damidgeboda Tvalwin, ana-
litikuri azrovnebis Sedegad SemeZlo, imave xerxiT gamegrZe-
lebina Zieba. jer rols mTlianobaSi vxedav, mere vpoulob da
vamuSaveb detalebs. baton miSas es moswonda, aseTi midgoma
misTvis misaRebi iyo. marTalia, TeatrSi yvela Taviseburad
muSaobs, magram TiToeuls misi SemweobiT, gamogvimuSavda
aseTi princi pi: racios aqtivoba _ ratom gamovdivar dRes
scenaze, ra minda rom vTqva, ra xerxiT vambob Cems saTqmels;
zustad gansazRvruli maqvs erTian sistemaSi Cemi persona-
Jis funqcia, saqcielTa simwyobre, mTliani moqmedebis xazi.
grZnobismieri aqtivoba _ TamaSis wesiT gansazRvruli grZno-
baTa buneba, simarTle, wrfeli vnebaTaRelva.
gansakuTrebiT minda aRvniSno erTi Tviseba, romelic ba-
toni miSas repeticiebisTvis iyo niSandoblivi: speqtaklis
sqemis agebaSi vmonawileobdiT yvelani, erTi rolis biogra-
fias ki ara, sanaxaobis ambavs vTxzavdiT erToblivad, aseTi
princi piT muSaobis dros yvelani varT CarTuli speqtaklis
samzadisSi. xalisiT verTvebodiT SeTxzvis procesSi. batoni
miSa migiSvebda Sens nebaze, Ziebis dros xels ar SegiSli-
da, mere TandaTan Casaxldeboda TiTqos SenSi da logiku-
rad migiyvanda sasurvel Sedegamde. CvenSi zrdida iniciativis
moTxovnilebas, gvaCvevda logikur msjelobas, azrovnebas,
gamudmebul Ziebas. man miaRwia mTavars _ CvenSi aRmoacena ara
marto aqtiuri Semsruleblis iniciativa, aramed rolis av-
torobis Cveva, miswrafeba amisken, amis unari. Zalian miWirs
sxvagvarad muSaoba. saerTod sxva reJisorebTan verc warmo-
midgenia muSaoba, misi mowafe reJisorebic cdiloben ase Caa-
taron repeticiebi. maTTan ar miWirs urTierToba.
batonma miSam fanatikurad Segvayvara Teatri, Cveni Teat-
ris erTguli var imdenad, rom ordRian kinogadaRebazec ar
vTanxmdebi, sul mgonia, raRacas vakleb Teatrs. yvela speq-
takli vici, amitomac xSirad `Sevsulvar~ romelime rolze,
roca moulodnelad Seqmnila amis aucilebloba. es ar aris

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 maradi berika

sasiamovno, sanerviuloa metismetad, magram TeatrisTvis yve-

la msxverplis gaReba SemiZlia. roca vxvdebodi, rom mavans
guls vtkendi, rolzec ki vambobdi uars, imdenad vufrTxil-
debi dasis erTianobas. arc metismeti daTmobaa kargi, mag-
ram ase aRmzardes ojaxSi, ase SemaCvia batonma miSam meore
ojaxSi. Cven xom TeatrSi ufro met dros vatarebT, vidre
Sin. yovel SemTxvevaSi, ase iyo institutSic, rodesac `me-11
auditoriis Teatrs~ vqmnidiT da merec, rodesac Cvens Te-
atrs vqmnidiT. sul vgrZnob batoni miSas Tvalebs, mis mzeras,
ufro sworad, CemSi zis, sul vgrZnob mis arsebobas, misi
TvaliT vafaseb Cems namuSevars. sul vcvli Signidan rols,
ara var kmayofili da yovel speqtaklze ferebs, niuansebs,
svlebs vpoulob. esec batonma miSam maswavla. ara! ki ar mas-
wavla, CamiWeda mTels arsebaSi.
Zalian gvaklia yvelas. Zalian ganvicdiT. Zalian gvenatreba~.

***
darejan jojuasTan dialogis Semdeg, erTxel kidev gada-
vavle Tvali Teatris repertuars, erTi SexedviT, marTlac
mwiri aRmoCnda darejanis mier naTamaSevi rolebi, magram
saguldagulo analizis Semdeg, sruliad naTlad warmoCnda
misi adgili am dasSi. isic advili misaxvedria, ratom airCia
pedagogma is studenturi mTeli gundidan da `Caricxa~ Ta-
vis saxelosnoSi. rogorc ukve aRvniSne, batoni miSa esTeti
gaxldaT, Tu SeiZleba iTqvas, reJisori _ aristokrati. dax-
vewili manerebiT, pirovnuli kulturiT, lazaTiani qceviT
gamorCeul msaxiobebs Zalze afasebda. isic miaCnda, rom ba-
leti mSvenieri, poeturi, zeaweuli, sulis zeimis saxeobaa
xelovnebisa. imasac ambobda, rom sabaleto xelovneba sulis
gafaqizebis, plastikis daxvewis, Sinagani mobilizebis, Ses-
rulebis sizustis misaRwevad, saukeTeso saSualebaa. aRia-
rebda, rom dramatuli xelovnebis Semswavlel saswavlebelSi
`baletis klasis~ martivi elementebis daufleba aiucilebe-
liao. Tavis droze, rusTavelis TeatrSi baletmeister iuri

340
 naTela arvelaZe

zareckisTan erTad, apirebda improvizaciuli etiudebis, sa-

varjiSoebis, erTgvari `gakveTilebis~ Catarebas. am savarji-
SoebiT surda, mieRwia ara marto msaxiobTa fsiqofizikuri
aparatis elastiurobisaTvis, improvizaciuli etiudebiT msa-
xiobTa iniciativis amaRlebisaTvis, aramed baletis msaxiobTa
haerovani, xatovani, daxvewili ileTebis gaTavisebisaTvisac.
WeSmaritebas moklebuli ar unda iyos Cemi mosazreba, rom am
niSniTac gamoarCia Tavis droze bela mirianaSvili, romelic
Zalze uyvarda da SviliviT eloliaveboda. rogorc ukve aRv-
niSne, misi aqtioruli monacemebis, srulfasovani `gaxsnisaT-
vis~ araerTgzis miumarTavs plastikuri monaxazis haerovnebi-
saTvis, radganac bela sabaleto saswavlebelSi eufleboda am
mSvenier xelovnebas. guga naxucriSvilis `WinWraqas~ dadgmac,
Cemi fiqriT, belasaTvis undoda, surda, bolomde gaemJRav-
nebina misi msaxioburi individualoba. mzias rolis gadawyve-
ta belas `msaxiobur Targze~ aWra. merec xSirad daeZebda am
TvisebiT gamorCeul studentebsa da msaxiobebs, maTTan erTad
surda `mZinare mzeTunaxavis~ dramatuli variantis dadgma.
darejan jojuam, uTuod, uwinaresad `baletis solistis~
cenziT miiqcia pedagogis yuradReba. amitomac cdilobda misi
monacemebis am aspeqtis `gamoyenebas~ da ase agebda etiudebisa
Tu nawyvetebis mxatvrul gadawyvetas. es iqneboda gansxvave-
buli feri im individTa gundisa, romelTanac erTad Camoaya-
liba `me-11 auditoriis Teatris~ meore jgufi.
da kidev erTi sakiTxi, romelic sagangebo Seswavlis sagani
SeiZleba gaxdes mixeil TumaniSvilis SemoqmedebiTi cxovrebis
analizis dros: is yovel jgufSi ara marto momaval msaxiobTa
individualobis `gaxsnas~ eSureboda, aramed ayalibebda Tana-
SemoqmedTa gunds. araerTgzis uTqvams kidec, rom misi jgu-
fis `daSla~ da sxvadasxva TeatrSi gadanawileba sacodaobaa!
isini erTad ufro mets miaRweven, vidre cal-calkeo. magram
amis SesaZlebloba ar arsebobda, 10-15 axalgazrdis erTbaSad
StatSi `ayvanas~ romeli Teatris xelmZRvaneloba SeZlebda.
dasis Camoyalibebis problema metad awvalebda reJisors da
roca eqsperimentuli jgufis `ayvana~ ganizraxa Teatralur

341
 maradi berika

institutSi, erT-erTi amocana es gaxldaT, im umTavres mi-

zezTa Soris, romelzec zemoT mivuTiTe. roca am jgufze me-
saubreboda, upirvelesad, imas aRniSnavda, rom es `msaxiobTa
gundi~ iyo, rom man ukve meored Camoayaliba `saTeatro dasi~,
romelzec repertuaris ageba SesaZleblad miaCnda.
repertuaris Camoyalibebis problema misTvis metad mniSv-
nelovani gaxldaT. xSirad vsaubrobdiT piesebis SerCevis sis-
temaze, sarepertuaro politikis Taobaze. ambobda, rom ar-
sebobs ori umTavresi princi pi repertuaris SerCevisa: Zveli
Teatris praqtika, roca dasSi arsebul msaxiob_varskvlavebze
agebdnen repertuars, es praqtika dasavleTis TeatrebSi axlac
aprobirebulia. Tu stabiluri dasi da sarepertuaro Teatri
ar aris, maSin ikribebian garkveuli mosazrebiT da erTjerad
dadgmaze muSaoben. magram CvenSi, sadac stabiluri dasi da
sarepertuaro Teatrebia, amgvari midgoma yovelTvis ar amarT-
lebs. meore princi pi aseTia: aqtualuri problemis warmoCeni-
saTvis irCeven piesas da iTvaliswineben dasis SesaZleblobas.
reJisorulma Teatrma amgvari midgoma aRiara prioritetulad.
sagulisxmoa am princi pTa variaciebic, magram piesis arCeva-
ni yovelTvis warmatebis ormocdaaT procents ganapirobebs.
batonma miSam daaxloebiT ase Camoayaliba sakuTari pozicia.
roca Tavis saxelosnos qmnida, dasi ise Camoayaliba, rom sa-
intereso repertuaris ageba SesaZlebeli yofiliyo.

* * *
1973 wlis dasawyisSi teleradio departamentis sadadgmo
redaqciis Camwer studiaSi, Cvens Soris gaimarTa dialogi (vid-
re msaxiobebi grims ikeTebdnen da imosebodnen), romelic XIX
saukunis mudmivmoqmedi qarTuli Teatris Semoqmedebas exeboda.
maSin Camoayaliba Tavisi cnobili doqtrina: `reJisori-lideri
da maRali klasis solistebi, maestro-diriJori da ostati -
solistebis orkestri~, aseT Teatrze ocnebobda uTeatrod
darCenili, marTlac maRali klasis maestro. dananebiT aRniSna,
rom vaso abaSiZis, nato gabunias, mako safarovas, lado mes-

342
 naTela arvelaZe

xiSvilis, valerian gunias, kote mesxis, Semdeg niko gociriZis,

aleqsandre imedaSvilis, efemia mesxis, nuca CxeiZis, elisabed
CerqeziSvilis (mas didad afasebda!) da sxvaTa dros, CvenSi ar
gaCnda iseTi reJisoris figura, am msaxiob-varskvlavTa dass
kidev ufro maRali xarisxiT rom warmoaCendao.
am droisaTvis dasrulebuli mqonda sadisertacio naS-
romi, sadac aRniSnuli periodis msaxiob-varskvlavTa Teo-
riul mosazrebebs vixilavdi. amitomac mivuge: `XIX saukunis
qarTuli Teatri dasawyisSi, marTlac `komediis saxli~ iyo,
vidre ar aRmoaCines lado mesxiSvili, romlis TamaSma bev-
rad ganapiroba speqtakl `samSoblos~ warmateba. am dasis
cxovrebis Semdegi etapi ukve gamdidrebulia mravalferovani
repertuariT. komediis gverdiT sagulisxmo adgili ganekuT-
vneba dramasa da tragedias, xolo patriotuli Tematika
prioritetuli aRmoCnda. erT msaxiobs ra SesZlebia! (ra Tqma
unda, amgvari sademarkacio xazis gavleba pirobiTia, magram
aris racionaluri marcvali im periodis saTeatro cxovrebis
amgvar SefasebaSi), maxsovs, batonma miSam formulis saxiT
Camoayaliba: `mravalferovnebaa simdidre. buneba am princi pi-
Taa `awyobili~. dasis SerCevis dros gasaTvaliswinebelia
umTavresi prici pi _ gansxvavebuli samsaxiobo monacemebis
Tanaarseboba. marTalia, stanislavski uaryofda ampluas, mag-
ram aseTi radikalizmi gamarTlebulia im viTarebiT, romelic
gamefebuli iyo Zvel TeatrSi. roca stanislavski angrevda
Zveli Teatris Stampebs da qmnida Tavis `sistemas~, maSin
aseTi kategoriuloba gasagebi iyo, magram Teatris istoriam
daadastura, rom ... gnebavT amplua daarqviT, gnebavT artis-
tuli individualoba, an sxva ram, termins ara aqvs mniSvne-
loba, msaxiobebis monacemebi gansxvavebulia, amisda mixedviT,
gansxvavebulia dasisTvis repertuaris SerCevis princi pic.
Zvel TeatrSi Tu antrepreniors hyavda hamletis Semsru-
lebeli tragikosi msaxiobi, dgamda `hamlets~, Tu ori Zli-
eri temperamentis msaxiobi hyavda _ dgamda `otelos~. axla
sxva viTarebaa. mxolod otelos, an, Tundac, otelo-iago-
dezdemonas Cinebuli TamaSi sakmarisi aRar aris. brabancioc,

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 maradi berika

mTavaric, montanoc sagulisxmo rolebia. maTi maRali xaris-

xiT Sesrulebis gareSe, aqtualur da mniSvnelovan, erTian
sanaxaobas ver Seqmni. amitomac, dasis Camoyalibeba umniSv-
nelovanesi problemaa. dasSi sasurvelia, rom `yvela feri~
arsebobdes, rom maTi logikuri SexamebiT Seqmna masStaburi
`ferweruli tilo~, reJisori-lideris gamWriaxoba da os-
tatoba imiTac vlindeba, rogor SearCevs repertuars, rom
yovelma msaxiobma maqsimalurad SeZlos monacemebis realize-
ba. dRes Tu brabancios TamaSobs msaxiobi, xval klavdiusi an
glosteri unda SesTavazo, mere riCardic mosinjos. Tu ar
gamouvida es gmirebi, mixvdeba, rom epizoduri rolebis Cine-
buli Semsrulebelia. es eqsperimenti imisTvisaa aucilebeli,
rom ar aRmocendes dasSi Cveuli intriga, dapirispireba, ukma-
yofileba. samwuxarod, es mainc gardauvalia. amitomac, axali
Teatrebi, enTuziasti-msaxiobebiT dakompleqtebuli gundic
ki, 10-15 wlis Semdeg iSleba. yovel SemTxvevaSi, mere sxvag-
varad viTardeba maTi TanamSromloba. ucnauria fortuna!~
roca wlis bolos disertacia davicavi da momiloca,
didxans visaubreT 1879 wels Seqmnili mudmivmoqmedi qarTu-
li Teatris saSemsruleblo kulturaze, msaxiobTa Teoriul
naSromebze, im tradiciazec, rac maTgan gadmoeca qarTul
Teatrs _ grZnobaTa siwrfele da elvare garegnuli saxiere-
ba, cxovrebiseuli namdviloba da gamonagonis simkveTre. te-
leviziis studiaSi Cveni dialogic gaixsena da miTxra: `axla
mgoni iseTi jgufi myavs, sxvadasxva individualobebis iseTi
Tanxvedraa, roca SesaZlebelia, vifiqro repertuaris SerCe-
vaze, rogorc TeatrSi~. oriode wlis Semdeg, TumaniSvilma
da misma studentebma marTlac uCvenes mayurebls TavianTi
repertuari, marTlac aRmoCnda, rom studentebis TamaSiT,
sxvadasxva `ferTa~ erTobliobiT miRweuli Canda sanaxaobis
mravalplanianoba. darejan jojua am gundis, am dasis erTi
feri, gansakuTrebuli toni da xmovanebaa, romelmac dasabami
daudo mixeil TumaniSvilis saxelosnos, axlandel kinomsa-
xiobTa Teatrs. axla mxolod sonia gverdevaniZes gamovarCev
mis mier Seqmnil rolTagan.

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daviT kldiaSvilis `bakulas RorebSi~ am personaJs Tav-

dapirvelad manana berikaSvili ganasaxierebda, mere manana iTo-
niSvili. mixeil TumaniSvilma darejans SesTavaza es roli.
gamokveTili SarJiT Seferadebuli garegnuli saSualebebi da
Sinagani sisavse, zustad gaTvlili azrobrivi partitura da
misi ekvivalenti saqcielTa rigi, sonie _ darejan jojuas
SesrulebiT, erTi Zlieri, mkveTri feria sanaxaobisa, romel-
mac mTeli sisruliT gamoxata, erTi mxriv, ruseTis imperiis
moxeleTa ZalmomreobiT, siyalbiTa da ampartavnebiT dabeCave-
buli soflis yofa, meores mxriv ki, adgilobrivi mosaxle-
obis zneobrivi dakninebis ambavi. es erTi soflis yofa simbo-
loa saqarTvelos dabeCavebuli cxovrebisa ruseTis imperiis
batonobis pirobebSi. sonie personificirebuli saxea soflis
kulisebSi `migdebuli~, gariyuli, bedis trialisagan gaxu-
nebuli qalisa, romelsac cxovreba Jinian dedinacvlad ergo.
msaxiobis Sesruleba grafikosis moqnil, zustsa da gamokve-
Til konturs Camohgavs, romelic fernacvali saRebavebiTaa
Seferadebuli. rolis marcvali SesaZlebelia erTi sityviT
gamoisaxos _ beCavi. marTlac, sibeCavis gamoxatulebaa soni-
es garegnoba: xangrZlivi tarebisagan gacveTili, fernacvali
kofTa da qvedatani, gaxunebuli TavSali, gamudmebulad sax-
vewrad yelgamowvdili, Caferflili mzera, xmaSi CaRvenTili
sevda, SiSnakravi gamoxedva, saubris mokrZalebuli kilo; si-
cocxlemobezrebuli sonie cnobiswadils ver eleva, amitomac
is yvelganaa, yovel Tavyrilobas eswreba, magram utyvi mowmea
mxolod, mas Tanasoflelebic ki agdebulad eqcevian. yovel
sofels hyavs aseTi, cxovrebis daundobel srbolas amaod
adevnebuli, bedis anabara mitovebuli, CamorCenili `soflis
glaxa~, romelsac gvariSviloba da siamaye iseve Semoacvda,
rogorc wlobiT naxmari samosi. TanasoflelTa mowyalebis
imedad myofs, xSirad SexvdebiT soflis Saragzaze, xosoli-
anebis ezoSi, kancelariaSi, bakulas dasaSineblad gamarTul
lxinze... sonies garegnuli ieri ar icvleba, mas mxolod
erTi xeli samosi aqvs, rogorc kldiaSvilis aznaurebis ume-
tesobas. sonies arc is replika da sasowarkveTili intonacia

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 maradi berika

ecvleba, Sesabralisad rom SesTxovs Tanasoflelebs: `vera-

feri gevige, veraferi gevige!~
xosolianebis ezoSi gzis Sesamokleblad Semosuli sonie
cnobiswadils ver Zlevs da saqmianad ekiTxeba galaqtions _
`reiza iCxubeTo~, erT wuTs Sedgeba, yavisfer windebs aiwevs,
qvedatans gaisworebs da mZinare galaqtions gaecleba, yove-
li SemTxvevisaTvis, akviatebul frazas wamoisvris _ veraferi
gevigeo. mere dafeTebuli da SeSinebuli mokrZalebiT Sedis
kancelariis mosacdel oTaxSi, iqve karebTan, skamis kideze
Camojdeba, xelSi furceli uWiravs, Sesabralisad SesTxovs
Tanasoflelebs: veraferi gevige, aqana ra weriao. gulmosuli
koWlobiT gadainacvlebs sxva skamze, quslmorRveul fexsac-
mels gaixdis, gacveTili redikulidan riyis qvas amoiRebs, mo-
ridebiT gadaxedavs Tanasoflelebs, TiTqos, eSinia gareT ar
gamiZaxono, mere Cvevad qceuli moZraobiT `CaaWedebs~ amowve-
ril lursmans, riyis qvas mZimed dauSens qusls, TiTqos, mas-
ze iyris javrs, Tanac `soflis samduravs~ CurCuliT daatans
ritmul moZraobas. kancelariis ufrosis danaxvaze jer kedels
aekvreba, skams mieyineba sacodavad garinduli, mere, saxvew-
rad yelgawvdils, xma xorxSive uwydeba, TvalebiT SesTxovs
Svelas, Zlivs gasagonad CurCulebs da furcels uwvdis _
veraferi gevigeo. maRali da xmel-xmeli moxelis mkacr gamo-
xedvas ver uZlebs da sul mTlad CaiCuteba, isedac galeuli
qali. saqmiani nabijiT mimaval SaSas sawylad gaayolebs mzeras,
CailuRluRebs _ veraferi gevigeo da kacias `SeanaTebs~ Tva-
lebs... kargad icis, veravin rom gaugebs gulis wuxils, sevdis
mizezs, simartovis kaeSans... da, ase kedel-kedel, ganapiras,
soflis Saragzasa Tu orRobeSi martodmarto dafarfatebs so-
nie... mere, isev gamoCndeba fuye TavTaviviT Tavaweuli kancela-
riis ufrosi, veravis amCnevs, isev CaiCuteba isedac galeuli
gverdevaniZis qali, xelgawvdili, isev aafrialebs furcels,
krTomasa da Zrwolas aadevnebs mzeras. axla soflis lamazma-
ni gamoCndeba, keklucad uRimis `sekretars~, isic daigrixeba,
sulswrafad eamboreba xelze da didgula mamaliviT SeuZRveba
kabinetSi, misi yuradRebiT daSaqrul qalbatons. sasowarkve-

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Tili, gaognebuli, gamSrali sonie SuriTa da natvriT aRsavse

mzeras gaayolebs momRimar wyvils...
xosolianebis ezoSi kancelariis ufrosis saameblad da
bakulas dasaSineblad gamarTul lxins rogor daakldeba gver-
devaniZis qali. aCaCuli, uRimRamo saxiTa da cnobiswadiliT
aRsavse mzeriT Semofratundeba ezoSi, erTi ki gadaavlebs
Tvals `uTvalavi~ xoragiT damZimebul sufras, gaognebuli
ezos ganapiras Camojdeba skamis kideze, iq `miugdeben~ day-
vedrebul lukmas maspinZlebi...
reJisorisa da msaxiobis mier sonie gverdevaniZis samoq-
medo xazis gamokveTiTa da misi funqciis gazrdiT, saxierad
warmoCnda aznaurTa dakninebuli yofa. sonie dasrulebuli, ga-
mokveTili, gaazrebuli ti piuri movlena da mkveTri ferebiT
Seqmnili xasiaTia. mis Semxedvare mayurebels, RimilTan erTad,
cremlic aukiafdeba Tvalze. masSi Zalumad SeimCneva Tavad
daviT kldiaSvilis cremliani Rimilis, siyvaruliani gakenwv-
lis, adamianisadmi faqizi damokidebulebis `Teoria~, romelic
ase saxierad, metaforuli miniSnebebiTa da maxvilgonierebiT
`gadaitanes~ sasceno sivrceSi speqtaklis avtorma mixeil Tu-
maniSvilma da am epizoduri rolis avtorma, darejan joju-
am. reJisorisa da msaxiobis TanamSromlobiT, urTierTndobiT,
SemoqmedebiTi TanamzraxvelobiT ara marto mwerlis sityvis
Zala, faqtura, ferebi amoqmedda scenaze gasaocari organulo-
biT, ara martoO xelSesaxebad gaiSifra `qveteqstis qveteqsti~,
aramed Tavad sanaxaobis Janri, tragi-komikuri elementebis Ta-
naziaroba, `SarJis~ simaxvile da farsis simsubuqe, azrisa da
adamianTa fsiqikis codnis xelovneba, gamomgoneblobis azarti
warmoCnda mTelis siRrmiTa da sisavsiT.

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 maradi berika

,,scenis iupiteri”

t radiciisamebr, vdgavarT rkalad mis saflavTan.

gvianobamde SemovrCiT sasaflaoze, mere misi Teat-
risaken gavemarTeT...
Jan Jirodus `amfitrioni-38~... TiTqos pirvelad Sevcqeri
qaTqaTa scenas, iuri gegeSiZis saxier scenografias, sinaTlis
sxivi rom dasTamaSebs da mgrZnobiare hangi rom kidev ufro
met lazaTs hmatebs.
scenaze, eraTdroulad, mcxunvare mzis sxivic Wiatebs
da gafiTrebuli mTvaris Wirveuli siTeTrec. yovlisSemZle
`iupiteri~_reJisori TumaniSvili, erTad aTavsebs Seyvare-
bulTa mudmiv mesaidumlesac da sicocxlis uSret wyarosac,
mas ase surs da SeuZleblis daSvebac ZaluZs!
adriani gazafxulis aRtyineba, ayvavebuli alublis to-
ti _ ase aRviqvi axla es zmanebasaviT haerovani sanaxaoba,
pirveli aqti Teatrisa, romlis meore aqti, uTuod, ~alub-
lis baRi~ iqneboda...
narnari ferebiTa da oqsinos brwyinvalebiT naqsovi ur-
TierTobebi xan nakaduliviT rakrakeben da xan wyarosaviT
CuxCuxeben, giJmaJsa da ankara Sxefebs miamitad `gvasxure-
ben~, RmerTisa da adamianis idumal Sewyvilebaze xan siosaviT
CurCuleben, xan qariviT Woraoben, xan kidev ... iupiteris
mewamuli mrisxaneba umal bakqis sianciT icvleba, xanac iis-
feri merkuris faruli oxunjoba, TiTqos, baxusis moZalebiT
acetdeba. saqorwino siTeTriT mosili scena alkmenes pir-
velqmnil da Seuryvnel ubiwoebas Camohgavs. vnebiani trfobis
sadgomi, didi qaTqaTa sawoli, axla arnaxuli metamorfozis
Semswre xdeba. gamWvirvale, sakraluri farda amfitrionis
ymawvilkacur da Jinian vnebas dasTamaSebs. sasceno qmedebis
kamkama dineba SeuboWavi, grZneuli ritmiT TavdaviwyebiT mih-
qris, sityva amorZaliviT sxlteba orTabrZolebis qafqafa
zvirTebidan, ironiis pirbades irgebs da darbazSi iRvreba

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azrad, grZnobad, vnebad...

... scenaze ostatebi dganan. guSin maT TumaniSvilis niWi-
eri Segirdebi erqvaT. dRes ukve scenis ostatebi acocxleben
TumaniSvilis xilvebiT naZerw qandakeba-niRbebs. marTlac, es
marto TamaSi rodia! Mmixeil TumaniSvilma, TiTqos, keTili
ferias joxi _ Tilisma dautova Tavis niWier Segirdebs. isi-
nic Cvens Tvalwin, ostatis dajerebiT exebian maswavleblis
SeTxzul, rafinirebul, kopwia Tojina-niRbebs. es Sexeba
sulis STabervis ritualia, maradi berikobis dResaswaulia.
yvelgan da yvelaferSi am scenis iupiteri_batoni miSa_sun-
Tqavs, iRimeba da oxunjobs. maradi berikas amqveyniuri si-
cocxlis xibli SevigrZeniT im saRamos. isic vixileT, rogor
xumrobda scenis iupiteri, magram gulwrfeli, mSvenieri,
momxiblavi da azriani anderZi ki gamouvida!
franguli inteleqtualuri dramis orazrovneba, aris-
tokratiuli iumorisa da msubuqi ironiis taqtiani Sezaveba,
maxvili da mfeTqavi sityva, dialogis warmarTvis siswrafe
da sisxarte, mofarikaveTa daSnebis ficxi Serkinebis tol-
fasi sityvieri brZola, maxvilgonivruli azrisa da zomieri
vnebis harmonia, miTologizmis organul parabolaTa Riaoba,
isev da isev poziciaTa Widili da scenaze imave haerovani
joxi-Tilismis jadoqrobiT iqsoveba intrigaTa bade, mar-
galitis mZivebad Caqsovili nazi grZnobebiT da Camoqnili
plastikuri monaxaziT. Aam grZneul sinatifeSi ki naTlad
ikiTxeba wrfeli Segoneba.
scenis gamWvirvale, narnari samoseli yalyze SemarTul
vnebas Zlivs akavebs. uxvi alersiT iRviZebs dila. scenidan
iRvenTeba moalerse sios kamkama, dabinduli sulTaTana: `miy-
varxar, miyvarxar, miyvarxar~...
alkmenes spetaki vneba yivis, JRurtulebs da garindul
darbazSi gazafxulis acetebuli JinianobiT ifrqveva. trfo-
bis laJvardiT Seferili, ciskris varskvlaviviT gabrwyinebu-
li, ndomis moliclice RimiT damSvenebuli alkmene mayure-
bels qaluri bednierebis simbolod evlineba. marTlac, rom

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 maradi berika

`mTeli qveyana daxveula qalis dalalSi~. suli ivseba ubiwo

grZnobiT _ Tavad mSvenieri venera gamogvecxada TiTqos da
roca eWvi uneburad Tavs wamoadga, alkmenem isev trfobis
savanes miaSura. Tan gaiyola mcxunvare siyvaruli siyvaruli-
sa, mokiafe wveTi mtanjveli fiqrisa da usaSvelo monatreba
obol Ramisa. Nnineli WankvetaZe ostatia, solistia. Bbatoni
miSas Segirdi unda iyo, bedis nebieri da melpomenasgan xel-
dasxmuli unda iyo, aseTi TrTolviT, goniT, dajerebiT rom
moqsovo misnuri bade alkmenes uCveulo bedisa. nineli Wankve-
taZe artisti-varskvlavia im solistTa orkestrisa, margali-
tis maZiebelTa TavganwirviT rom Seqmna batonma miSam...
siamisa da sixarulis saocnebo sxivi dasTamaSebs amfit-
rionis mSvidsa da Wabukur saxes. Aamqveyniuri bednierebiT
galaRebul ymawvilkacs TamaSobs zaza miqaSaviZe. siyvarulis
RvTaebam kalTa Zlierad daabertya mis gmirs. zecam jildod
alkmenes trfoba gamougzavna. amfitrionma isic icis, sul
mTlad RmerTebis nebas rom ar unda umadlodes zeqveyniur
netarebas. icis, esmis, swams, zeciur risxvasac advilad
rom gaumklavdeba Tebes sardali, alkmenes usaSvelo grZno-
biT Zlevamosili. miwieri vnebiT aRvsili zaza miqaSaviZis am-
fitrioni dedamiwaze poulobs xorciel sayrdensa da Svebas.
mayurebelic xarobs, radganac xedavs, rogori ostatobiT
gaatara msaxiobma personaJi cincxali grZnobisa da mborgavi
azris sacalfexo bilikze.
ceti merkuri orlesuli RimiliT, moqnili plastikiT,
dauleveli temperamentiT, marTlac, Camohgavs RmerTTa xva-
Siadis amomcnobsa da mouxelTebel mstovars. rusudan bol-
qvaZis merkuris TvalebSi eSmakebi msubuqad krTian, mzeraSi
giJmaJi cduneba rokavs, sityviT ki almaceri fandi imaleba.
qariviT fexmardi merkuri intrigaTa didostatia... mere ro-
gori siSmagiTa da onavrobiT xlarTavs gaugebrobis qsels,
raTa erTdroulad Sig gaabas RmerTica da adamianic. Kkekluci
Tavmowoneba da faqizi ironia ambisgan gandgomis ostatobiT
warmoaCina msaxiobis TamaSma. Tuki nineli WankvetaZe am dasis

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varskvlavi_sopranoa, rusudan bolqvaZe varskvlavi_mecosop-

ranoa. maTi erToblivi TamaSiT, TiTqos, `Suqi Suqs ekoneba~.
daxvewili feriis krToma da ukareba amorZalis silaRe er-
Tad Tavsdeba ficarganze. reJisorisa da msaxiobebis mignebiT
tkbebi, gaocebs kidec, rogor elvarebs miwier alkmeneSi
RvTiuri kdema da rogor ilandeba RmerTTa macneSi, merkurSi,
miwieri banovanis salonuri Woriknoba...
gorozi iupiteri caTampyrobelis medidurobiT eSveba
RrubelTa aivnidan. rawams alkmenes mocimcime Tvalebs awydeba,
umal fermkrTaldeba mamlayinwuri Tavdajereba da balRiviT
Wirveuli xdeba, Turme, mexTamtexavsac swvavs siyvarulis
elda! Dda aRar ici, ukve vinaa cisa da miwis WeSmariti meufe,
yovlisSemZle iupiteri Tu `RvTaebrivi sigiJe~. Ggiorgi pi-
pinaSvilis TamaSSi swored msaxiobis iSviaTi unari gxiblavs
_ Tavisufali gaqanebiTa da niuansis idumalebiT dagvanaxos
mouxelTebeli wuTi iupiteris marcxisa. mayurebeli Wvrets,
rogor ganZarcva WeSmaritma ltolvam da trfobam iupiteris
sidiade, RvTiur kvarcxlbekze Seayena sworupovari grZno-
ba da ara iupiteris yovlisSemZleoba. rbili ironiis bewvis
xidze daatarebs ostati pi pinaSvili iupiteris niRabs.
euli gediviT dafarfatebs ledac alkmenes buduarsa Tu
amfitrionis ,,apartamentebSi”. eka kaxianis personaJic siyva-
rulis isriTaa dakodili, amitomac farTxalebs da JRurtu-
lebs masSi trfobas mowyurebuli, acetebuli qali.
am sasceno igavis mizani, reJisoris saTqmeli, yvela-
ze ukeT, alkmenesa da iupiteris kamaTma gvamcno. alkmenes
buduarSi ganmartovdnen RmerTi da qali, patara, mrgval
magidasTan yavas svamen. iupiteris arSiys eSmakurad usxl-
teba alkmene. RmerTis Tavdasxma da qalis Tavdacva sasceno
orTabrZolebis uzado demonstraciaa, aq, marTlac iqsoveba
urTierTobis grZneuli bade. iupiteri, am qveyniuri siSma-
giT adamians emsgavseba. alkmenem pirferoba farad ixmara da
xotba Seasxa mouTmenel `moZalades~. samyaros Seqmnis Taoba-
ze araferi vici... rogor mogividaT wylis Seqmnis genialu-

351
 maradi berika

ri ideao... aRimarTa iupiteri, yvrimalebi SeuwiTlda umal,

mewamuli mosasxami amayad Seiswora da netari Rimili Sea-
geba qalis nacad TvalTmaqcobas... dezebze Sedga gafxorili
iupiteri da qedmaRlurad CaaSterda qals, Tavissave Seqmnil
samyaros zemodan Tavmomwoned gadaxeda... Turme, RmerTebsac
hqoniaT TavianTi `aqilevsis qusli~, isinic pativmoyvareni
yofilan metad, Turme, verc isini umklavdebian `adamianur~
sisustes...
da isev ismis alkmenes sulis yiJini: `miyvarxar, miy-
varxar, miyvarxar~, kosmiur sivrces Seexmiana siyvarulis
niWiT gamorCeuli...
kaSkaSa sinaTlis sxiviT ganaTda scena, TiTqos qaTqaTa
aTinaTi Tavs adgas alkmenesac. ganaTebis ostati, sergo kaza-
riani, sagangebo ganwyobas qmnis...
TiToeulma Cvenganma da yvelam erTad tkiviliT gamoviglo-
veT zmanebasaviT mSvenieri da idumali sul sxva Teatri Tuma-
niSvilisa. scenis mezRaprem am `axali Teatris~ karibWe grZne-
ul sakravTa tkbilxmovanebiT Sexsna. jadosnuri fardis miRma
davinaxeT moCiTuli, xasxasa mdelo, grZnobaTa laRi qrolva,
Camoqnil naRabTa rokva, maradiul azrTa didebuleba da ga-
zafxulis afeTqeba... maradi berika maradi trfobis diTirambiT
gamoeTxova Tavis Teatrs, scenas, Segirdebs, axloblebs.…
ase mgonia,Ascenis iupiteri _ mixeuil TumaniSvili, alk-
menes aRsarebiT gamoeTxova Tavis mayurebels: `miyvarxar, miy-
varxar, miyvarxar~...

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boloTqma

d avasrule naSromze muSaoba. sicariele vigrZeni. ram-

denime Tve batoni miSas `garemocvaSi~ gavatare. Tval-
win Camiqrola misma cxovrebam. is CemTvis upirvelesi moZRvari
iyo. pedagogiuri moRvaweoba rom daviwye, mirCia, leqciaze
fexiT wavsuliyavi, gzaSi `damelagebina~ masala, gonebaSi Camo-
meyalibebina forma _ rogor mivawvdidi saTqmels studentebs.
Bbolo xans, kviraSi orjer, Tamar mefis xidTan vxvde-
bodiT erTmaneTs. oriod wuTiT SevCerdebodiT, axal ambebs
vuziarebdiT erTurTs, mere metyoda, iciT, rogor svlas
mivageni? Aan, ver mivageni saxier gadawyvetas, an kidev... mere
aucileblad SemekiTxeboda: dRes ra sakiTxze unda esaubroT
studentebs? raime detalze mimiTiTebda... mere batoni miSa
gauyveboda Tavis gzas Teatrisaken, me Cemsas _ institutis-
ken. axla didubis panTeons mivaSure. Mminda vuTxra, rom da-
vasrule wignze muSaoba...
vdgavar mis saflavTan. TavSi aTasi kiTxva, fiqri, mogoneba
mitrialebs. gamaxsenda liv ulmanis saintereso mosazreba ing-
mar bergmanze: `man ar misca sakuTar Tavs ufleba, gankurnebu-
liyo Tundac erTi sulieri Wrilobisagan, daeviwyebina Tundac
erTi jildod miRebuli sixaruli~ (ingmar bergmani. mexuTe
aqti, sankt-peterburgi, 1999, gv. 155, rusul enaze).
arc baton miSas miucia sakuTari TavisTvis ufleba, rom
gankurnebuliyo sulieri Wrilobebisagan. SurisZiebisTvis ki
ar iqmoda amas, aramed esec TeatrisTvis undoda, surda,
scenaze cocxlad gadaetana tkivilica da sevdac. mas ar
daviwyebia arc erTi sasixarulo wuTi, amitomac iyo misi
speqtaklebi aRsavse siyvaruliT, sixalisiT, siTboTi, axal-
gazrduli mgznebarebiT.
gulmxurvale mezRapre, misi cxovrebis samsave etapze
_ rusTavelis Teatri, uTeatrod, kinomsaxiobTa Teatri
_ am sulieri Wrilobis SegrZnebas, am sixarulisa da aR-

353
 maradi berika

tkinebis ambavs cocxlad gviambobda dadgmebiT, CanawerebiT,

saubrebiT, naSromebiT.
maradi berika am darRveul, gaucxoebul, pragmatul, ni-
hilistur, disharmoniul, usulgulo, Cinovnikur droebas
keTil zmanebad gamoecxada, adamianebs kidev erTxel Seaxsena
siyvarulis yovlisSemZleoba da Tavisi mgrZnobiare sasceno
sulTaTanas SemweobiT, madlmofenis rituali Caatara.
misi Semoqmedebis protagonisti, mTavari figura, azrisa
da SegrZnebaTa impulsis, tonalobis, feris, intonaciis, sa-
Taveca da sawyaoc Tavad TumaniSvili iyo.
maradi berika Tavad iyo fuCikic, leandroc, lida ma-
tisovac, darispanic, kordeliac, antigonec, fedrac, pakic,
lisandri_hermiac da demetrius_elenec erTsa da imave dros,
don Juanic, Tezevsic, iupiteric, gaevic...
maradi berika, uwinaresad, don kixoti iyo da romeoc...

354
 samuSao oTaxSi

kinomsaxiobTa TeatrSi.

I
 scena speqtaklidan `espaneli mRvdeli~

giorgi gegeWkori
da salome yanCeli
speqtaklis (`ambavi
siyvarulisa~)
repeticia.

II
 mixeil TumaniSvili, ra-
maz CxikvaZe, medea Caxava
speqtaklis (`roca aseTi
siyvarulia~) repeticia.

mzia _ zina
kverenCxilaZe,
guram kalandaZe _
soso laRiZe.
scena speqtaklidan
`zRvis Svilebi.~

III
 WinWraqa _ karlo sakandeliZe,
mzia _ bela mirianaSvili. scena speqtaklidan `WinWraqa~

scena speqtaklidan `WinWraqa~

IV
 gvadi bigva _
erosi manjgalaZe

mariami_ medea Caxava,

gvadi _ erosi manjgalaZe.
scena speqtaklidan `gvadi bigva~

V
antigone _ zina kverenCxinaZe, kreoni _ sergo zaqariaZe.
scenebi speqtaklidan `antigone~

VI
giorgi tovstonogovi da mixeil TumaniSvili

mixeil TumaniSvili, nataSa krimova,

sesilia TayaiSvili, erosi manjgalaZe

VII
 mixeil TumaniSvili da reZo CxeiZe

mixeil TumaniSvili, robert sturua, Temur CxeiZe

VIII
mixeil TumaniSvili SegirdebTan erTad

kinomsaxiobTa Teatris dasi

IX
 scena speqtaklidan `bakulas Rorebi~

rusudan bolqvaZe, nineli WankvetaZe, ramaz ioseliani _

scena speqtaklidan `bakulas Rorebi~

X
 `bakulas Rorebi ~ speqtaklis Semdeg

Jiveci _ zaza miqaSaviZe, jambazi _ darejan xaCiZe,

tarelkini _ zurab yifSiZe. scena speqtaklidan ` saqme~

XI
centrSi don Juani _ zurab yifSiZe.
scena speqtaklidan `don Jiani~.

scena speqtaklidan `don Juani~

XII
 alaviZeebis ojaxi, gamrekelebis ojaxi.
scenebi speqtaklidan `Cveni patara qalaqi~

speqtaklis Semdeg

XIII
scenebi speqtaklidan `zafxulis Ramis sizmari~

XIV
 piter bruki da mixeil TumaniSvili

mixeil TumaniSvili repeticiaze. kinomsaxiobTa Teatri

XV
mixeil TumaniSvilis saiubileo saRamo.
kinomsaxiobTa Teatri. (1981weli)

Tavis TeatrSi

XVI
 Sinaarsi

gza TariRebiT ...........................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................5
winaTqma .......................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................7

nawili pirveli. rusTavelis TeatrSi .....................................

.....................................9

madlmofenis rituali......................................................................................... 11
gza adamianis sulisaken .....................................................................................
.....................................................................................21
21
mainc miyvars... ........................................................................................................ 31
adamianebo, me Tqven miyvarxarT! ................................................................
................................................................33
33
trfoba rainduli ................................................................................................
................................................................................................35
35
usiyvarulod ar arsebobs arc silamaze................................................
................................................38
38

nawili meore. uTeatrod........................................................................

........................................................................57
57

Teoretikosi, anu reJisori Teatridan ver wavida ..................... 59

pedagogi ........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................84
84
saxelosno - studiuri muSaoba .................................................................. 95

nawili mesame. kinomsaxiobTa TeatrSi ....................................

....................................147
147

niSani da procesi ................................................................................................ 149

mowafeTa ,,mtkicebuleba” .................................................................................
.................................................................................153
153
,,raRac arsebiTi” ...................................................................................................158
................................................................................................... 158
,,RviZli Svilebi” ..................................................................................................163
.................................................................................................. 163
SesaniSnavi sameuli ..............................................................................................
..............................................................................................165
165
meamboxe farisevelTa winaaRmdeg.................................................................178
................................................................. 178
TavisTvis dgamda? .................................................................................................
.................................................................................................184
184
Segirdebi saubroben guruze............................................................ 194
`masTan urTierToba zeimi iyo ~ (gia abesalaSvili) ................... 194
`skolaa yvelaze Rirebuli! ~ (amiran amiranaSvili).....................
.....................198
198
`TamaSis xibli gaazrebuli moqmedebaa~ (mzia arabuli) ............ 208

355
,, cxovrebasac gvaswavlida” (paata baraTaSvili) ............................ 223
` bedis gaRimeba, anu lili + miSa! ~ (rusudan bolqvaZe) ...... ......226
226
`msaxiobi aris feri-c~ (nino burduli) .............................................. 240
` Semodioda repeticiaze da iwyeboda jadoqroba ~
(zurab gewaZe) .........................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................246
246
`cocxali organizmi da sanaxaoba~ (ramaz ioseliani) ................ ................249
249
`monusxuli viyavi misi pirovnebiT~ (zaza miqaSaviZe) ................. 259
`profesiaSi dedac myavs da mamac!..~ (giorgi pi pinaSvili) ...... 268
` ai, ase unda brZola ! ~(giorgi roiniSvili) ...............................288 ...............................288
`mitevebas vTxov, madlierebas gamovxatav~ (zurab yifSiZe) .. 304
`tkboba procesiT da ara SedegiT~(nineli WankvetaZe) ................ ................317
317
` Cemi cxovrebis maswavlebeli iyo ~ (darejan xaCiZe).............. 329
`maswavla puantebis gareSe xtoma ~ (darejan jojua)............... 334
,,scenis iupiteri” ................................................................................................ 348
boloTqma ....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................353
353
ilustraciebi ..........................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................355
355

356
 daibeWda Sps `mwignobaris~ stambaSi

www.mtignobari.ge
0102, q.Tbilisi, d. aRmaSeneblis gamz. #40
 `me vicav yvela drois antigones,
yvela drois kreonisagan~.
1968 weli

`sikeTe unda Teso. Aase mgonia,

studiis SeqmniT, keTili saqme gavakeTe da
raRac kargis SegrZneba dameufla. vinmem rom
naxos, rogor emzadebian speqtaklisaTvis
Cemi studentebi, rogor uyureben sanTlis
als, rogor damokidebulebas avlenen mis
mimarT, rogor ganawyoben erTmaneTs
speqtaklisaTvis, rogor CamoiSoreben
yvelafers, rac yofiTia, yoveldRiurobis
danaleqia, warmavalia... rogor cdiloben
emsaxuron maradiuls. ra mSvenieria es!
bednieri var, rodesac iqve, sibneleSi
vdgavar da maT Sevcqeri".
1979 weli

mimarTva axalgazrdebs:
`Cvens xelovnebaSi Zalze cota ram Tu
SeiZleba gamravlebis tabulasaviT
daiswavloT, minda gisurvoT, Tqveni
sakuTari xmiT gamoxatoT dro~
1981 weli.

ISBN 978-9941-0-3121-2