max(𝑃𝑉 −𝑃,0.

) 3 2𝑆𝐸 𝑅 𝑎 3
𝑚̇+ = 4𝜋𝑛𝑅 2 𝜌𝑉 𝐶𝐸 √ 𝜌𝐿
[2 + 3
(1 − 𝑎1 )]/ (2 + 𝑆𝐸 𝑅) , (1)

max(𝑃𝑉 −𝑃,0. ) 𝑎1 2⁄3 2𝑆𝐶 𝑅 𝑎1

𝑚̇− = 4𝜋𝑛𝑅 2 𝜌𝑉 √ 𝜌𝑙
[( 𝑎 ) −1+ 3
(𝑎 − 1)] /(1 + 𝑆𝐶 𝑅) , (2)
3𝑎
𝑅 = ( )1⁄3, (3)
4𝜋𝑛
𝐶𝐸 = 0.52 + 0.48tanh[6(0.45 − 𝑎)] , (4)
𝑆𝐸 = 4𝜋(5 × 10−4 + 0.02𝑎2 )𝐾𝐸 𝑛2⁄3 , (5)
𝐶𝐶 𝑛∆
𝑆𝐶 = |▽𝑎 |
, (6)
𝐶
𝑎𝐶 = min(𝑎, 0.3) , (7)
min(𝑎−𝑎𝐼 𝑡−𝑑𝑡 ,0) 𝑚𝑎𝑥(𝑎−𝑎𝐼 𝑡−𝑑𝑡 ,0)
𝑆𝑎 = 𝐻(𝑃𝑉 − 𝑃) + 𝐻(𝑃𝑉 − 𝑃), (8)
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
1 𝑥≥0
𝐻(𝑥) = { , (9)
0 𝑥<0
𝐶𝐸 = max{0.52 + 0.48 tanh[6(0.45 − 𝑎)] , 5 − 5 tanh[20(𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑥 − 𝑎)]}, (10)

𝜇 = (1 − 𝛼)(1 + 2.5𝛼)𝜇𝐿 + 𝛼𝜇𝑉 , (11)

𝑓(𝜌)𝛼1 𝑘
𝜇𝑡 = , (12)
max(𝛼1 𝜔,𝑆𝜇 𝐹2 )

𝑓(𝜌) = 𝜌𝑉 + (𝜌𝐿 − 𝜌𝑉 )(1 − 𝛼)3 . (13)