Professional Documents
Culture Documents
______________________
A Thesis
Presented to the
Faculty of the Graduate School
BATAAN PENINSULA STATE UNIVERSITY
Main Campus, Balanga City, Bataan
_______________________
In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Degree
Master of Arts in Nursing
______________________
BY
YOLANDA V. ESCONDE
2018
CHAPTER I
Introduction
In the advent of the coming of the 21st century, advances in medical science emergence of
new technologies and equipment, redesigning of building facilities, more focus in addressing
problems of errors in health care and serious safety issues, leveling up of health care processes and
health insurances were realigned so that the medical workers specially the doctors, nurses and
caregivers and the resource that supports them are set up for enabling more safe care.
debate, since quality nursing care is vital to patient outcomes and safety. Nurses play
a vital role in improving the quality and safety of patients’ care not only in the
hospital or ambulatory treatment facility but also of community- based care and the
care performed by family members. Nurses need to know what proven techniques
American Nurses Association (ANA) for over 100 years they have worked to
improve the quality of patients’ safety by promoting quality in nursing care and
standard, despite the fact that the facilities may not be impressive as those found in
high end US or European hospitals. We have the nursing standards that regulate the
nursing policies and procedures as mentioned in Republic Act 9173 of 2002. As
Filipinos, caring aspect of the nurses is one of the most important aspect in dealing
Good quality nursing care therefore means a good experience for patient and
was identified as how and not a what with the core elements of holistic approach on
interventions. Patient empowerment support and advocacy. The last one is the
significant others They should work hand in hand for the treatment and recovery of
the patients. It also deals with the patients’ satisfaction, outcomes and perceptions
It is with this context that the researcher wants to pursue this study to have a
pulse of the quality of nursing care to patients and to delve deeper on the nursing
The main problem of the study is: what is the quality of nursing care practices
among select hospitals in Bataan that would possibly be the basis in the development
1.1 Patient
1.1.1 age;
1.1.2 gender;
1.1.5 religion ?
1.2.1 age;
1.2.2 gender;
terms of:
2.9 research;
3. How may the significant difference in quality of nursing care practices among
of the patients?
and caregivers and the patients for which this study will be conducted. hence the
Nurses. This study may strengthen the quality of the nursing care practices
that are based from standards. This study may also assess the knowledge,
attitudes, and skills of nurses in rendering patient care. Nurses play a vital role
in the early recovery of a patient, therefore, this study will certainly improve
Patient/ Client. These are the direct beneficiaries of this study. All the
patients have the right to receive the best quality of nursing care practices, this
standards that will guide each nurse , from novice to advance beginners up to
Hospitals. This study will benefit the nursing services in terms of quality of
nursing care practices of hospitals select in Bataan. Their Nursing Program will
will learn from the Program. Nursing students will be benefited by this study
This study aims to identify and assess the quality of nursing care practices
among nurses in hospitals select in Bataan as perceived by patients, that will help
the nurse manage in the creation and development of quality of nursing care
program.
This study involves seven (7) private hospitals in Bataan with ____ staff
nurses ____are male while there are _____female. This research will also
include 5% of the patients or clients of the seven hospitals are select who
currently recuperating and ready for discharge at the time of the conduct of this
study. This will also include the profile of the staff nurse in terms of age, gender,
Moreover, the quality of nursing care practices will be assessed in terms of safety
patients profile will include age, gender, educational attainment, family income
and religion.
sense that patients will also be surveyed and interviewed. It will also use
universal and sampling for the nurses and simple random sampling for the
patients.
Notes in Chapter I
Chapter II
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
This chapter presents the relevant theories, related literature and studies,
conceptual paradigm, the hypothesis of the study and the definition of terms.
This study on the Quality of Nursing Care Practices among Select Hospitals
premised on the most significant and commonly applied theories in the different
Man, Abraham Maslow’s (1943) Theory of Hierarchy of Needs and carl Jung’s
providers of care nurses are expected to allocate their time to establish and
man has physiologic needs like breathing, food, water, sex, sleep and excretion.
Another need of man is Love and Belonging needs, this deal with friendship,
sexual intimacy and family. Esteem needs cover self-esteem, confidence and
accepting of facts.
structure where meeting one need propels the individual to seek meeting
“higher” needs. Nurses can apply Maslow’s Theory to their practice of patient
care. Each person’s need must be met individually in order for them to feel
satisfied, cared for and they can feel the sense of cooperation.
The nurse can identify the level of care required for the patient. Nurses
working is a clinical setting will not need to attend to the need for food and water
but do need to protect the safety and privacy for their patients. Nurses must adjust
Research Studies
Delaware USA to evaluate the success of transitional care. As Dr. Mayor states,
nurses will play a pivotal role in addressing the health care needs of people through
out the 21st century. The cutting edge led by nurses and design to advance knowledge
related to promoting healthy lifestyle and caring for the chronically ill, will position
nurses and other health team members to make a major difference in the lives of
these people.
Transitional Care Improves Outcomes for Elders After Leaving the Hospital.
According to Tang, Soong & Lim, patient satisfaction has been viewed as a valid
the expectations from the patients point of view and compare with the realities of the
care received. Hence, the purpose of the study was to assess patients satisfaction
with nursing care using Patients Satisfaction with Nursing Care Scale. The findings
revealed that the patients rated their satisfaction of nursing care as being at moderate
level of satisfaction. Hence, determining the level of patient satisfaction and the
professionals around the world. Despite the different understanding between nurses
and patients two aspects of the care were found common, that is being care for by
Quality nursing care is a context specific term, meaning that many variables
deriving from contextual factors influence the way that patients and nurses view
quality.
care is desired by patients and promised by nurses. However, the complexity and
ambiguity of the term which has been highlighted in the literature obstructs nurses
moving beyond asserting to assuring that the care they provide is excellent.
Researchers have explored the issue of quality mainly from the patients
perspectives. The clinical question which this review attempted to address was
According to Raya (2011), quality nursing care should be based on the views
of the patients, who are the immediate evaluator of the provided care. Patients and
nurses are those who define and assess quality. Here lies perhaps the reason why
their opinions on what constitutes high quality care or what makes their care
high quality nursing care because we have been defining it as a product viewed from
in the health sector. They assert that even if quality has different meanings to
different people, there are some common elements in the various definitions which
allow its evaluation and assessment. They emphasize that quality is the result of two
dependent variables, the relationship between nurses and patients. Hence, the patient
and the nurse view quality from different perspectives. Quality of care is the degree
to which the health care services provided to the people and populations increase the
On the other hand, Astedt Kurki haggman-Latila (2010) claim that high
quality nursing care involves an understanding and utilization of principles from the
provide quality care. The nurse needs to apply in relation to the patients life.
Fitzpatrish et.al (2011) being provided for by the nurses who are up to date,
problem and the necessary care forms the care of patients definition. Patients require
from nurses to hold certain dispositions in order to provide quality care such as
emphaty, reliability, responsiveness and care. Moreover, nurses need to be friendly
Oermann et.al (2010), acknowledge the fact that the perceptions of quality
nursing care also differ among patients. In-patients have different views of quality
quality care as hospital staff respecting patients values and needs, coordination of
Edgeman-Lewton and Cleary (2012) stated that even ambulatory patients are
also concerned with issues such as access to care, waiting time, assistance from
investigate how individuals with chronic illness perceive the quality of nursing care.
Eleven Icelandic patients aged 38-80 years with various chronic illnesses were
interviewed and data analyzed through the coding and categorization method. The
analysis revealed that there is not a simple definition of the phenomenon quality of
nursing care. The findings emphasize that the quality of nursing care.
In the study Al-Kuntari & Ogundeyin (2010) and Clemes et.al (2010) appear
to support the estimation that nurses and patients in relation to quality of care while
He suggested that there are differences between patients and nurses perceive to be
A research by Erwin et.al (2010) found that patients and staff commonly
disagreed on the nature of the health problems, treatments and outcomes. On the
other hand, Irurita and Altree(2010), reported that patients identified different levels
environment, organization and the personal characteristics of both staff and patients.
Williams(2012) in his study carried out a grounded theory study of the nursing
care. Ten registered nurse purposively selected from four surgical specialty wards
comparison and clarification of categories towards the end of the analysis. Data were
METHODS OF RESEARCH
This chapter presents the methods and techniques of the study, population of
the study, data collection, data processing, statistical treatment to be used, validation
Methodology
This study aims to assess the quality of nursing care practices among select
hospitals in Bataan as possible would-be basis for nurse managers on the quality of
research is also known as Statistical research, since it describes data and the
characteristics about the population or phenomenon being studied. This type of study
answers the questions who, what, where, when and how. It is not used in looking for
caused relationship , where one variable affects another. In other words, the goal.
research are the accurate observation and assessment which arise from the data that
The respondents of the study are the-------- staff nurse and ------ patients from
the different hospitals select in Bataan. The criteria for the population are: patients
should be 18 years old or older, they are patients who will be discharged from the
medical wards or patients who have spent two to three nigh wards in the medical
ward; able to speak Filipino or English with stable vital signs and mentally alert.
Gender
Total
Gender
Total
Sampling Technique
In this study, the combination of universal and random sampling technique will
be employed in this study in the sense that only 10 percent of the total nurses in
private hospitals in Bataan will be involved while 25-30 patients will be engaged in
Research Instrument
The questionnaire checklist and unstructured interview questions are the main
instruments to be used in gathering the needed data. This survey instruments appear
the quality of nursing care practices among hospitals select in Bataan that would
The instrument will be comprised of 2 parts: Part 1 is for the profile of the
respondents, who are the nurses and the patients. This part of the questionnaire will
focus on the demographic profile of the respondents, intended for the nurses and the
patients. For the nurses it includes their age, civil status, gender, highest educational
attainment, area of assignment and years in service; while the patients, their profile
religion.
Part II includes the nursing care practices being undertaken along with the
following dimensions safe and quality nursing care, management of resources and
environment health education, legal responsibility, ethico-moral responsibility,
interview will be also utilized to support the needed data gathered through the
questionnaire.
private hospitals will be engaged to review the validity of the questionnaire. In case
with the recommendations; but if the members of the panel of experts will approve
The researcher will secure a written permission from the Hospital Director
which is called the Nursing Care Practices Scale (NCPS). For the patients consists
formula will be
P= f/N x 100
Where: P= percentage
f= frequency
Weighted Average Mean will be used to arrive at a verbal description of each of the
WM= (TWF)/N
N = Number of Respondents
A 4-point Likert Scale will be used in treating the nursing care practices in 20 items
Scale Description
4 Strongly Agree
3 agree
2 disagree
1 strongly disagree
between the ursing care practices for each demographic variable. The formula will
be:
T computes = M1-M2
SEd
If the computed T values is less than the tabular t-value, the null hypothesis will be
accepted.
Notes in Chapter III