MATHEMATICS 10

Name: ______________________________________ Date: ____________________

Grade: ______________________________________ Section: ___________________

Quarter: 4 Week: 2 MELC: Calculates a specified measure of position of a set of

data. M10SP- IVb-1
➢ Title of Textbook/LM to Study: Grade 10 Math Learning Module
➢ Chapter: 8 Pages: 362-377 Topic: Measures of Position for Ungrouped Data
➢ Objective: To calculate and interpret for a specified measure of position for
a given set of ungrouped data.

Let Us Discover

This Simplified Self-Learning Module (SSLM) will help you deepen your
understanding on the different measures of position of a given set of ungrouped data,
the quartiles, deciles, and percentiles. The following measures of position are
discussed in this SSLM:
Quartiles – divides an array of data into four equal parts. Each portion contains
an equal number of items. First quartile of lower quartile (Q1) has 25% of the items
below it. Second quartile or the median (Q2) has 50% of the items below it. Third
quartile or the upper quartile has 75% of the items below it.
Deciles – divides an array into ten equal parts. The first, second, …, ninth decile
are described as D1, D2, …, D9, respectively. The fifth decile (D5) corresponds to the
median.
Percentiles – divides an array into one hundred equal parts. The first, second,
…., ninety-ninth percentile are denoted by P1, P2, …., P99, respectively. The 50th
percentile (P50) corresponds to the median. The 25th percentile (P25) corresponds to
the first quartile and the 75th percentile (P75) corresponds to the third quartile.

To calculate for a specific measure of position for an ungrouped data, the

following steps are to be observed:
1. Arrange the data in ascending order (from least to greatest).
2. Identify the position of the score in the distribution. Use the following formula
for each quantile:
𝑘
For quartile, 𝑄𝑘 = 4 (𝑛 + 1) where:
n = total number of data
𝑘
For decile, 𝐷𝑘 = (𝑛 + 1) k = position of the quantile
10
𝑘
For percentile, 𝑃𝑘 = (𝑛 + 1)
100

GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 02.00, Effective April 21, 2021

 3. If the value obtained in step 2 is in decimal, use linear interpolation. Th
following steps are to be followed:
a. Find the difference between the two values where the quantile is
situated.
b. Multiply the result by the decimal part obtained in the second step
(Position of Quantile).
c. Add the result in step 2 to the 2nd or the smaller number.
d. Formulate a conclusion.
Example 1.
Arvin, the owner of a Barbershop recorded the number of customers who came
into his shop each day within 13 days. The results were 14, 10, 6, 11, 12, 9, 17, 5, 8,
9, 14, 10, and 11. Calculate the lower quartile.

Solution:
In ascending order, the data are:

5, 6, 8, 9, 9, 10, 10, 11, 11, 12, 14, 14, 17

𝑘
For lower quartile: 𝑄𝑘 = (𝑛 + 1)
4

1 1 14
𝑄1 = (13 + 1) = (14) = = 3.5
4 4 4
Since the result is a decimal, we proceed to interpolation:
Interpolate: 3.5th is between 3rd and 4th position which are 8 and 9, respectively.
1. Subtract the 3rd data from the 4th data.
9−8=1
2. Multiply the result by the decimal obtained from the formula.
1(0.5) = 0.5
nd
3. Add the result in the 2 step to the smaller number.
8 + 0.5 = 8.5
Therefore, 𝑄1 = 8.5.

Example 2.
During her class, a MAPEH teacher asked for the weight of her students for
their BMI. Their weights are as follows: 44, 46, 44, 45, 39, 52, 47, 49, 50, 61, 42, 48,
54, 52, 38, 51, 47, 48, 36, 41, 40, 42 ,43, 55 and 39. Using the formula, calculate and
interpret:
a.) D4 b.) P50

36 ,38 ,39, 39, 40, 41, 42, 42, 43, 44, 44, 45, 46, 47, 47, 48, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 52, 54, 55, 61

Solution:
a. D4
𝑘 4 4 104
𝐷𝑘 = (𝑛 + 1) 𝐷4 = (25 + 1) = (26) = = 10.4
10 10 10 10
th th th
Interpolate: 10.4 position is between the 10 and 11 position which are 44 and
44, respectively. Hence, D4=44.

GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 02.00, Effective April 21, 2021

 b. P50
𝑘 50 1
𝑃𝑘 = (𝑛 + 1) 𝑃50 = (25 + 1) = (26) = 13
100 100 2
𝑃50 is in the 13th position. Therefore, 𝑃50 = 46.

Let Us Try

The employees of a manufacturing company pledged the following donations in peso

for the establishment of a community pantry: 100, 400, 250, 50, 200, 300, 100, 50, 150, 250,
500, 100, 300, 50, and 150. Using the employees’ contributions, calculate and interpret the
following:

a.) upper quartile b.) 7th decile c.) 35th percentile

Solution:
50, 50, 50, 100, 100, 100, 150, 150, 200, 250, 250, 300, 300, 400, 500
a. Upper quartile or 𝑄3
𝑘 3 3 48
𝑄𝑘 = (𝑛 + 1) 𝑄3 = (15 + 1) = (16) = = 12
4 4 4 4
𝑄3 is in the 12th position. Therefore, 𝑄3 = 300.
b. 7th decile or 𝐷7
𝑘 7 7 112
𝐷𝑘 = (𝑛 + 1) 𝐷7 = (15 + 1) = (16) = = 11.2
10 10 10 10
nd th th
Interpolate: 11.2 position is between the 11 and 12 position which are 250 and
300, respectively. 300-250=50 then 250+0.2=250.2. Hence, D7=250.2
c. 35th percentile or 𝑃35
𝑘 35 7 112
𝑃𝑘 = (𝑛 + 1) 𝑃35 = (15 + 1) = (16) = = 5.6
100 100 20 20
th th th
Interpolate: 5.6 position is between the 5 and 6 position which are 100 and 100,
respectively. Hence, P35=100.

Guide Questions:
1. How did you determine the value of the upper quartile, 7th decile and the 35th
percentile?
2. How will you interpret the results?

Let Us Do

Problem 1.
The scores of students in a 50-item Statistics test are as follows:
25, 14, 16, 20, 30, 22, 26, 15, 16, 24, 32, 40, 45, 43, 36, 28, 12, 27, 48,
40, 36, 22, 38, 29, 37, 40, 35.
From the scores of the students, calculate and interpret the following:
1. Lower Quartile 4. P60
2. Q3 5. Median
th
3. 9 decile

GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 02.00, Effective April 21, 2021

 Let Us Apply

Problem 2.
Due to the pandemic, GB Barber Shop has been counting the number of
customers coming in everyday to monitor if the number of customers decreases from
day 1 to day 30.
The data are listed below:
87 109 102 80 84 86 90 92 113 108
75 91 78 112 121 98 94 87 81 96
90 89 93 97 85 135 88 133 81 129
Using the given data, calculate and interpret the following measures of position:
a. The lower and upper quartiles.
b. The 5th and 7th decile.
c. The 30th, 50th and 85th percentile.

Problem 3.
The data below are the scores of 27 students in a 50-item test.
34 12 44 32 28 38 25 22 17
30 19 26 48 33 35 27 29 34
43 30 29 36 32 38 21 26 29
Based on the data presented above, calculate, and interpret the following:
a. The lower and upper quartiles.
b. The 3rd and 8th decile.
c. The 50th and 75th percentile.

References

Mathematics 10 Learner’s Module Pages 362 – 377

Mathematics 10 Teacher’s Guide Pages 322 – 331

SSLM Development Team

Writer: Michelle Joy Y. Olano
Evaluators: Clarence S. Solis, Arlene E. Cometa
Illustrator: Michelle Joy Y. Olano
Creative Arts Designer: Reggie D. Galindez
Education Program Supervisor - Mathematics: Zaida N. Abiera
Education Program Supervisor - Learning Resources: Sally A. Palomo
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Asst. Schools Division Superintendent: Carlos G. Susarno, Ph. D.
Schools Division Superintendent: Romelito G. Flores, CESO V

GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 02.00, Effective April 21, 2021