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Yl abmxm;
jynfaxmifpkrNydKuGJa&; 'kdYta&; Ä jynfytm;udk;ykqdef½kd; tqkd;jrif0g'Drsm;tm; qefY
wkdif;&if;om; pnf;vkH;nDñGwfrI rNydKuGJa&; 'kdYta&; usifMu/
tcsKyftjcmtmPm wnfwHhckdifNrJa&; 'kdYta&; Ä EkdifiHawmf wnfNidrfat;csrf;a&;ESifh EkdifiHawmf wkd;
pnf;urf;vkdufem ab;uif;uGm wufa&;udk aESmifh,SufzsufqD;olrsm;tm; qefYusif
&yf&Gmat;csrf;om,ma&; 0kdif;0ef;ulnD apmifhxdef;ay; Mu/
pnf;rsOf;udkufnD ab;uif;onf Ä EkdifiHawmf\ jynfwGif;a&;udk 0ifa&mufpGufzuf aESmifh
,Sufaom jynfyEdkifiHrsm;tm; qefYusifMu/
]]EkdifiHawmf zGJUpnf;ykH tajccHOya' ay:aygufa&;onf Ä jynfwGif;jynfy tzsuform;rsm;tm; bkH&efoltjzpf
jynfaxmifpkom;tm;vkH;\ y"meusaom wm0efjzpfonf}} owfrSwf acsrIef;Mu/

Ekid if aH &; OD;wnfcsuf (4) &yf


Ä EkdifiHawmfwnfNidrfa&;? &yf&Gmat;csrf;om,ma&;ESifh w&m;Oya'pkd;rdk;a&;
Ä trsKd;om; jyefvnf pnf;vkH;nDñGwfa&;
Ä ckdifrmonfh zGJUpnf;ykH tajccHOya'opf jzpfay:vma&;
Ä jzpfay:vmonfh zGUJ pnf;ykH tajccHOya'opfEiS t
hf nD acwfrD zGUH NzdK;wk;d wufaom Ekid if aH wmfopfwpf&yf wnfaqmufa&;

pD;yGm;a&; OD;wnfcsuf (4) &yf


Ä pkdufysKd;a&;udk tajccHí tjcm;pD;yGm;a&;u@rsm;udkvnf; bufpkHzGHUNzdK;wdk;wufatmif wnfaqmufa&;
Ä aps;uGufpD;yGm;a&;pepf yDjyifpGm jzpfay:vma&;
Ä jynfwGif;jynfyrS twwfynmESifh t&if;tESD;rsm; zdwfac:í pD;yGm;a&; zGHUNzdK;wkd;wufatmif wnfaqmufa&;
Ä Ekid if aH wmfp;D yGm;a&; wpf&yfv;Hk udk zefw;D Edik rf pI rG ;f tm;onf Ekid if aH wmfEiS hf wkid ;f &if;om;jynfow
l Ydk \ vuf0,fwiG &f adS &;

vlraI &; OD;wnfcsuf (4) &yf


Ä wpfrsKd;om;vkH;\ pdwf"mwfESifh tusifhpm&dwå jrifhrm;a&;
Ä trsK;d *kP?f Zmwd*P
k jf rifrh m;a&;ESihf ,Ofaus;rItarGtESprf sm; trsK;d om;a&;vu©Pmrsm; raysmufysuaf tmif xde;f odr;f
apmifha&Smufa&;
Ä rsKd;cspfpdwf"mwf &Sifoefxufjrufa&;
Ä wpfrsKd;om;vkH; usef;rmBuHhckdifa&;ESifh ynm&nfjrifhrm;a&;

rsufESmzHk;cGifhjyKcsuftrSwf - 5408080506 apmifa& 500/ wefzdk; - (700) usyf/


xkwfa0ol - OD;jrifhol(,m,D-444) 1082? 2-ok"r®m? ajrmufOuúvm? &efukef/
yHkESdyfol - OD;0if;aX;? (04839)/ 0if;xGef;yHkESdyfwdkuf? 37? a&ausmfvrf;r? ykZGefawmif? &efukef/
REVIEW
121 Aliean Versus Oredator 2
uGefysLwm*sme,f
PREVIEW 2005 ckESpf? Zlvdkifv? trSwf 137
124 Matrix: The Path of Neo
125 House Of The Dead rsuEf mS zk;H aqmif;yg;
126 Batman Brgins 12 2005 ckESpf\ iPod cef;rtwGif;okdY 0ifa&mufMunfh½Ijcif;
24 iPod twGuf tjydKiftqkdifrsm; okdYr[kwf
128 NEWS: Rumours Confirmes iPod ukd ESdrfeif;rnfh ypönf;rsm;
129 HARDWARE: BLU-ray Vs HD DVD

SPECIAL REPORT
132 Playstation 3 Vs Xbox 360 txl;aqmif;yg;
Head to Head 32 upm;rvm;? em;rvm;
50 upm;0kdif;rS pum;0kdif;
TECHNOLOGY 58 *drf;ESifh usef;rma&;
134 The Next Ages of Game 60 uGefysLwm*drf;ESifh aemufqufwGJavhvmawGY&Sdcsufrsm;
Development (II) 80 awG;p&mar;p&m *drf;urÇm
GAME GUIDE
137 POP: Warrior Within
PRODUCT GUIDE
140 Generalukd 10 rdepftwGif; tjyD;wkdufenf;
70 2005 ckESpf urÇmhtMuD;qkH; uGefysLwmjyyGJrS rSwfwrf;0if
ypönf;rsm;
REVIEW
107 Adobe\ Acrobat 7.0 76 Ceit okdYr[kwf urÇmhtMuD;qkH; uGefysLwmjyyGJMuD;rS
109 Hardware Review txl;rSwfwrf;0if owif;rsm;
145 Get Back on Track
149 Extreme Backup
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
84 olwkdYaMumif; waphwapmif;
92 *syefEkdifiHwGif uGefysLwmodyHÜynm oifMum;a&;
uGeyf sLwm oifcef;pm
100 oufMuD;&G,ftkdrsm;ESifh tkdifpDwD
157 uGefysLwmtar;tajz
110 DVD rS aumfyDul;,ljcif;rsm;ukd rnfonhfenf;ynmrsm;u
165 Javaoifcef;pm
aumif;pGm [efYwm;Ekdifrnfenf;
t,f'Dwm
OD;aomif;0if; (yef;cs,f&D)? OD;wifnGefY owif;ESihf rSwpf k
96 yxrqkH;aom rdwåLul;pufESifh zefwD;&Sif
C ONTRIBUTORS 116 wpfvtwGif; tkdifpDwDpD;yGm;a&;owif;
OD;rsdK; (tdkifwDtef;wdwf)? armifarmifMuD;ESifh 118 jrefrmuGefysLwm owif;ESifhrSwfpk
Modula-2

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f
uGeyf sLwm tufaq;
197 (c)? yxrxyf? 33 vrf;(txuf)? &efuek /f
zke;f - 01-382248/ 387305 88 uGefysLwmysufawGukd vkdufjyifay;wJh uRefawmf

9
COVER STORY

Enter the ipodlounge


2005 ckESpf\ tkdifaygh
cef;rtwGi;f odYk
0ifa&mufMunhf½Ijcif;

Apple ukrP Ü rD o
S cD sif;pufuav; aom iPodonf 5 GB yrmP&Sd hard
ta&miftaoG; trsdK;rsdK;?
jzLjzLazG;udk iPodtrnfjzifh2001ckESpf? disk udk wyfqifxm;ojzifh aw;*Dw
'DZdkif;yHkpHtrsdK;rsdK;? atmufwb dk mv 23 &ufaeYupí tar oDcsif;yk'fa& 1000 cefY 0ifqHhrI&Sdonf/
vkyaf qmifEikd pf Gr;f &nf trsKd ;rsKd ;jzifh &duefEidk if aH ps;uGuwf iG f a&mif;csco Jh nf/ Apple rS xkwfvkyfonfh Mac uGefysL
aps;uGuf pwif rdwfqufcsdefonf wmrsm;udk ¤if;xufOD;pGm iTunesjzifh
ay:xu G v f maom
World Trade Centre BuD;tm; tMurf; rdwfqufxm;&SdNyD; jzpfonfhtavsmuf
iPod trsKd ;rsKd ;onf zuform;rsm;u NydKusysufp;D onftxd iTunesjzifh pDpOfxm;aom oDcsif;rsm;
*Dwcspo
f rl sm;twGuo f mruawmh . . . wku
d cf u
dk rf cI &H onft
h csed Ef iS hf wpfvausmf udk okdrSD;odrf;qnf;um em;axmifEkdif
ausmfav;om Mumaomtcsdef jzpf\/ onf/ rnfodkYyifjzpfap 2001 ckESpf
owfrw S af &mif;aps;rSm 399 a':vm jzpf aemufqHk;oHk;vwm umvav;rSmwif
í Mac orm;rsm;om toHk;jyKEkdifonfh a':vm oef; 50 zkd; a&mif;cschJ&onf/
taetxm;jzpfojzifh yGJOD;xGufwGif 2002 ckESpf ESpfv,fokdY a&muf&Sd
tqifrvSchJ&ay/ yxrqHk; xkwfvkyfchJ aomtcg 20 GByrmP&Sd hard disk

12 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zlvdkifv? 2005 ckESpf


COVER STORY
wyfqifxm;aom iPod rsm; xkwfvkyf rSm 99 a':vmrQom&Sdojzifh pdwf0ifpm; 0ifa&mufvmchJaom Apple onf ,ck
a&mif;csrIrsm; &SdvmouhJokdY PC orm; ol rsm;jym;vSonf/ aemufqHk;wGif tcg iPod, U2 iPod, iPod shuffle,
rsm;twGuf workaround programs oDcsi;f ESihf aw;*Dwrsm;udk tpkvu kd tf jyHK iPod miniESifh iPod photo[lí trsdK;
rsm; xkwaf y;Edik jf cif;aMumifh Mac orm; vkud f o,fomG ;Edik o
f uhoJ Ykd "mwfyrkH sm;ukd trnfrsm;cGJjcm;um tuefYvkduf xkwf
rsm;twGuf oD;oefYypönf;av; r[kwf tajrmuftjrm; wpfaygif;wpfpnf; vkyfchJonfhtjyif 0ifqhHrIyrmPrsm;ukd
awmhay/ odkYaomf uGefysLwmjzifh quf xnhfxm;Ekdifonfh iPod phototrsdK; vnf; uGu J jJG ym;jym; pDpOfxwk vf yk jf zefYcsd
oG,frIjyK&mwGif iPod onf fire-wire tpm;udkyif xkwfvkyfchJjyefonf/ xkd chJonf/ aomwtm½HkcHud&d,mav;rsm;
port udk toHk;jyK&ojzifh USB portudk trsdK;tpm;onf TV jzifh csdwfqufum tv,fwGif ueOD;u Apple \ iPod
commonxm;oHk;aeaom PCorm; rdrdMunhfvkd&m a&G;xkwfMunhf½IEkdifrnf onf aps;EIef;BuD;jrifhpGmjzifh 0ifa&muf
tcsdKUtwGut f cuftcJ &Sad eMujyefao; jzpf\/ uifr&mjzifh wku d ½f u dk q
f ufo, G f vmchaJ omfvnf; wDxiG cf sUJ xGirf rI sm;?aps;
onf/ 2001 ckESpfrS 2003 ckESpftwGif; um iPod xJokdY pepfwus odrf;qnf; EIe;f avQmch srrI sm; tvGe&f w J if;pGm aqmif
iPod generationoHk;rsdK;xGuf&SdchJ\/ odkrSD;,lEkdifonf/ &GufchJjcif;aMumifh tar&duefEdkifiHESifh
yxrrsKd ;qufopftwGuf 5 GB? 'kw, d aomwtm½HkcH ud&d,mav;rsm; Oa&myEkdifiHrsm;wGifomru tm&SEkdifiH
rsdK;qufopftwGuf 10 GB? 20 GB avmuokYd 2001 ckEpS rf S pwifx;dk azmuf rsm;txd ay:jyLvmjzpfvmaponf/
[lí uGJjym;vm½HkrQru ukd,fxnfESifh
cvkwftoGiftjyifav;rsm;yg rwlnD
Muay/ wwd,rsdK;qufopf iPod wGif
i Tunes Music StorewkdY yl;aygif;yg
0ifrI jyKchJojzifh ydkrdkvlBudKufrsm;vmchJ&
onf/ ukd,fxnfrSmvnf; rlvyHkpHrsm;
xuf ydkyg;í tenf;i,f ykdao;vm
onf/ Control ykdif;rSmvnf;Touch
sensitive modersm;om jzpf\/ ydkí
xl;jcm;vSrIrSm Mac ESifhjzpfap? PC ESifh
jzpfap toH;k jyKEkid jf cif;yifjzpfonf/ ¤if;
tjyif Dock Connector portrSwpf
qifh USB 2.0 ESifh tjcm; drive udk
qufo, G Ef idk rf nfh tcGit hf vrf;rsm; pDpOf
yg&Sdvmonf/
2004 ckEpS w f iG pf wkwr¬ sdK;qufopf
iPodxGuaf y:vmjyefonf/ ta&mifig;
rsdK;jzifh yHkpHt&G,ftpm;ao;ao;av;
rsm;jzifh xkwv f yk of nfh iPod minitrsKd ;
tpm; jzpfonf/ ta&miftaoG; 'DZkdif;
yHpk \
H pGrJ ufp&maumif;jcif;tjyif owf
rSwf a&mif;aps;rSmvnf; aps;EIef; csdKom
aeojzifh ydkípGJrufp&m aumif;vm\/
wpfzef harddisktoHk;rjyKonfh
flash memoryoH;k iPod shuffletrsKd ;
tpm;udkvnf; xkwfchJonf/ 0ifqHhrI
yrmPenf;aomfvnf; owfrw S w
f efz;dk

uGefysLwm*sme,f Zlvdkifv? 2005 ckESpf 13


COVER STORY
iPod/iPod photo iPod mini iPod shuffle tjzLtrnf; displaysrsm;vnf; &Sad o;
onf/ iPod mini wGif 1.67 vufr
t&G,f 138 x 110 pixel displayyg&Su d m
blue-white backlightwyfqifay;xm;
\/ Full-sized iPodsrsm;\uk, d xf nf
udk a&SUbufwiG f yvwfpwpfjzifh jyKvkyf
xm;í ausmbufwiG rf l c½kr;f jzifh jyKvkyf
xm;\/ iPods minirsm;\ ud, k xf nf
rsm;rSmrl tvlrDeD,Hjzifh jyKvkyfxm;NyD;
tay:ESifh atmufyw d rf sm;twGuf yvwf
pwpfESifh jyKvkyfxm;onf/ Full-sized
jzpfap? mini rsm;twGufjzpfap atmuf
buftydww f iG f Dock connector port
rsm;yg&S d o nf / xk d a e&mrS Power
chargertwGufvnf;aumif;? pyDum
wyfqifrItwGufvnf;aumif;? tjcm;
aom accessoriesrsm;ESifh qufoG,f
Ekdifa&;twGufvnf;aumif; toHk;csEdkif
onf/
,aeYtxd Apple rS xkwfvkyfNyD;
iPodudk ESpfNcdKufpHkrufpGm toHk;cs twGuf port yg&Su d af &GUvsm; pD;cho
d m avQmwku J nfh iPod seriesBuD;udk wpfaygif;
vmonfhtcg tdrfrSmaepOfjzpfap? c&D; um ydwf,l&aom hold swichrsm; yg wpfpnf;wnf;csí avhvmMunhf½Irnf
oGm;aepOfjzpfap? ,mOfarmif;aepOfjzpf &Sd\/ iPod phototwGuf rsufESmpm qkdygu atmufazmfjyygZ,m;twdkif;
ap toHk;jyKol\ taetxm;tvkduf bufwiG f 2 vufrt&G,f color screen jrifawGU&ygrnf/
toH;k 0ifaprnfh toGit f jyifrsm;? ¤if;ESihf av;yg&S d o nf / 220 x 176 pixel iPod shufflerS 'DZkdif;yHkpH toGif
qufE, T yf wfoufvm&onfh accesso- t&nftaoG; 65536-color displayudk tjyifonf iPod (full-sized)ESihf iPod
ries rsm;wkdY\ aps;uGufwkdYonfvnf; tjzLa&mif backlightsav;rsm; xnhf mini rsm;ESihf uGjJ ym;jcm;em;vS\/ Head-
csUJ xGi,f ol avmuf rsm;jym;oGm;apawmh ay;xm;onf/oDcsif;twGuf iPod rSm phone Portwpfaygufu xdyb f ufwiG f
onf/ ,cktcg iPodESiyhf wfoufonfh
accessoriestrsdK;trnfaygif; 300
ausmfcefY &SdaeNyDjzpf\/
yxrOD;pGm o½kyfcGJMunhfrnf qkdyg
u full-sized iPodrsm;ESifh iPod mini
wkYd \ tvkyv f yk af qmifykH functionsESihf
toGit f jyif featuresrsm;rSmcyfqifqif
wlaeygonf/ okdYaomf t&G,ftpm;?
aps;EIef;ESifh 0ifqhHrI yrmPrsm;rSmrl
uGJjym;jcm;em;vS\/ Full-sized iPod
qkd&mü rlv iPod BuD; U2 iPod ESifh
iPod PhotowdYk ukd tusK;H 0ifygvdrr hf nf/
iPod xdyfykdif;wGif Headphonesrsm;

14 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zlvdkifv? 2005 ckESpf


COVER STORY
yg&Sí
d ud,
k x
f nfrsufEmS pmwGif puf0idk ;f xm;um ¤if;tzHk;onfvnfwGifqGJxm; tm;jzifEh pS rf sKd ;&S\
d /o,f,o l mG ;rItwGuf
oP²mefcvkwfig;ckom ygonf/ ausm Ekdifrnfh qGJBudK;av;toifhygNyD; jzpf oD;jcm;yHkpHr&Sdojzifh tdwfxJodkY xnhfí
bufwGif Power switchxm;&Sdonf/ onf/ o,f,loGm;Ekdifygvdrhfrnf/ oDcsif;
atmufydwfwGif USB port plugyg&Sd iPod shuffleonf t&G,ftpm; aygif; ajrmufjrm;pGmtwGujf zpfap? data
onf/ tqkdyg plug jzifh rnfonfh uGef twdtustm;jzifh 3.3 x 1.0 x 0.3 aygif; ajrmufjrm;pGmtwGujf zpfap xnhf
ysLwmwGifrqkd wyfqiftoHk;jyKEkdif\/ vufr&Sdí tav;csdeftm;jzifh 0.78 um odkrSD;,laqmifoGm;EkdifNyD; 2 vufr
iPod shuffleud,
k x
f nfwpfcv k ;kH tjzL atmifpomav;onf/ ukd,fxnfrSm t&G,f color displayav; wyfqifyg&Sd
a&mif yvwfpwpfjzifh jyK vkyf xm; NyD; tjzLa&mifjzpfNyD; yvwfpwpfjzifh jyK onf / iPod accessoriesrsm;jzif h
Control Padpuf0kdif;udkrl rD;ckd;a&mif vkyfxm;\/ vnfokdif; BudK;av;udk tvG,fwul wGJzuf toHk;jyKEdkifonf/
qifxm;onf/ bufx&Djyeftm;oGif;rI toH;k csum o,f,o l mG ;Ekid o
f nf/ vuf "mwfyrkH sm;udrk l Munh½f í I r&ay/ ¤if;wGif
ukdvnf; USB Plugjzifhyif toHk;cs& a&G;pifoDcsif; pD'D&Spfcsyfpmudk xnhfum yg&Sdaom bufx&DrSm wpfqufwnf;
onf/ ¤if;udk tzHk;ydwfav; wyfqif oDcsif;em;axmifEkdifonf odkYr[kwf 9 em&DrS 13 em&Dtxdom toHk;jyKEkdif
data rsm; okdrSD;jcif;? wpfae&mrS wpf onf/
ae&mokdY ul;ajymif;ay;onfhud&d,m iPod photou t&G,ftpm;tm;
tjzpf toH;k jyKEdik o
f nf/ ¤if;wGit f oH;k jyK jzifh 4.1 x 2.4 x 0.6 vufr odkYr[kwf
xm;aom bufx&DrmS wpfBudrt f m;oGi;f 0.7 vufr&Su d m tav;csdet f m;jzifh 5.9
xm;vQif 12 em&DrS 18 em&Dtxd em; atmifpESihf 6.4 atmifpwkYd &SMd u\/ ¤if;
axmifEkdifonf/ jzifh "mwfyHkrsm; Munhf½Ippfaq;Ekdifonfh
iPod minionf t&G,t f pm; twd tjyif usefonfh featureESifh function
tustm;jzifh 3.6 x 2.0 x 0.5 vufr rsm;rSm iPod ESifhtwlwlyifjzpfonf/
&Sdí tav;csdefrSm 3.6 atmifpav;\/ ¤if;wGif wyfqifxm;aom bufx&DrS
ukd,fxnfudk tvlrDeD,HjzifhjyKvkyfxm; wpfBudrftm;jznfhxm;vQif wpfquf
í BudKufESpfouf&m ta&mifav;rsdK;udk wnf; 15 em&DrS 17 em&DtMumtxd
a&G;cs,f0,f,lEkdifonf/ toHk;jyKonfh toHk;jyKEkdifonf/
tcg Belt clip jzifh csdwfwG,f,loGm;í rnfonfh iPodtrsKd ;tpm;udk 0,f
&onf/ oDcsif;pD'D 80 rS 100 txd ,lonhftcgwGifjzpfap? ¤if;ESifhtwl
ta&twGu&f adS om oDcsif;aw;*Dwrsm; headphonewpfpHk? CablewpfpHk (PC
udk okdrSD;xm;um pdwfBudKufoDcsif;udk orm;twGuf USB BudK;? Mac orm;
vkdtyfovdk a&G;cs,f em;qifEkdifonf/ twGuf firewire BudK;) wall charger
Data rsm; o,f,lydkYaqmifrItwGuf wpfckESifh iTunes softwareudk PCESifh
vnf; toHk;csEkdif\/ 1.67 vufr Mac versionsESpfrsdK;vHk; xnfhay;xm;
t&G,f screenav;yg&So d nft h jyifiPod ojzifh rnfonhu f eG yf sLwmjzifrh qkd com-
accessories rsm;jzifh wGJzuftoHk;jyKEkdif portable jzpfaomiPod seriestjzpf
onf/ ¤if;wGif yg&Sdvmaom bufx&D ,aeYtcsdefwGif jrifawGUae&ygonf/
wpfBudrftm;oGif;xm;vQif 18 em&DrS okdYaomfjim;vnf; iPod0,f,lol
26 em&Dtxd toHk;cHonf/ wkdif;avmufeD;eD; 0,f,l jznfhwif;,l
iPod onft&G,ftpm;tm;jzifh avh&o dS nfh ypön;f rsm;vnf; &Sad eygao;
4.1 x 2.4 x 0.57 vufr&Sdí tav; onf/
csdeftm;jzifh 5.6 atmifpcefYav;onf/ rdrdwGif toHk;jyKaeaomum;wGif
udk,fxnfudk yvwfpwpfESifh owåKESpf cassette tape deck wpfck yg&SdvQif
rsdK;jzifh zefwD;xm;um ta&miftaoG; a':vm aiG 10 rS 25 twGif; aps;

16 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zlvdkifv? 2005 ckESpf


COVER STORY
trsdK;rsdK;&Sdaeaom cassette adapter smitters rsm; &Sdaeygonf/ ¤if;wkdY
udkyg 0,f,l toHk;jyKavh&SdMuonf/ teuf iTrip ESifh Air Play rsm;udk 0,f
¤if;rSwpfqifh armfawmfum;wGif wyfqif ,lwyfqifMuonf/ NyD;jynhpf akH om tqdk
NyD; jzpfaeaom speakersrsm;rSwpfqifh yg option twGuf a':vm 150 cefY
em;qifEidk yf gonf/ ¤if;wdYk teuf Grif- txd ukefusrI&SdEkdifygonf/
fin rS xkwfvkyfonfh Smart Deck armfawmfum;jzifo
h mG ;vm&if; iPod
topf iPodjzpfap? Car StereotwGuf \ bufx&Dudk tm;oGif;vkdygu toHk;
jzpfap ESpfrsdK;oHk;Ekdif&ef pDpOfxm;&SdNyD; jyKEkid &f ef Car chargerav;rsm;udv k nf;
jzpf\/ aps;EIef;csdKomí 0,foHk;&ef 0,fxm;oifhygonf/ ¤if;wkdYtwGuf
toifhwifhqHk;rSm Coby adapterav; a':vm 20 ESifh 30 Mum; ukefusp&dwf
jzpfygonf/ toHaumif;aumif;jzifh em; &SdEkdifonf/ ¤if;wkdYteuf TEN Tech-
qifvkdolrsm;twGuf Sony rS CPA- nology rS xkwfvkyfaom Flex Dock
PC adapterav;udk a':vm 15 jzifh udk vlBudKufrsm;vSonf/
0,f,ltoHk;jyKEkdifonf/ iPodudk 0,f,ltoHk;jyKNyDqkdawmh
armfawmfum;wGif iPod udk toHk; vnf; w,kw, xnho f iG ;f xm;Ekid rf nfh
jyKvkdolwkdYonf wpfqifhwufum FM tdwEf iS hf c&D;oGm;tdww f Ykdukd 0,fMu&jyef
Radioudk em;axmifvkdyguFMTran- onf/ olYtrsdK;tpm;tvkduf yHkpHtrsdK;

armfawmfum;wGif FM radiowyfqifxm;ygu ukeu


f sp&dwaf ygi;f rSm

armfawmfum;wGif yg&adS om tape deckudk iPodjzifh toH;k jyK vdyk gu


ukeu
f sp&dwaf ygi;f rSm

armfawmfum;wGif stereo "aux" inputyg&ydS gu pD't D &nftaoG;


twdik ;f em;aomwqifEikd &f ef line-in-kit wpfcu
k kd 0,fxnfv
h Qif
ukeu
f srnfhp&dwaf ygi;f rSm

18 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zlvdkifv? 2005 ckESpf


COVER STORY

rsdK;? 'DZdkif;trsdK;rsdK;jzifh a&mif;csvsuf&Sd ypönf;rSm speaker system yifjzpf\/ 'DZkdif; tysHpm;udk vkdvm;olrsm;vnf;
aeMu\/ Speaker systemrsm;rSmvnf; yHkpH &Sdonf/ xkdokdYaom qE´trsdK;rsdK;udk
iPod 0,f,lolwkdif; iPod Dock trsdK;rsdK;? 'DZkdif;trsdK;rsdK;? t&G,ftpm; jznhfqnf;ay;rnfh speaker system
udkApple ukrÜPDrS tcrhJxkwfay;avh&Sd trsdK;rsdK;&SdaeouhJokdY aps;EIef;rsm;rSm rsm; aps;uGufwGif &SdaeNyD; jzpfonf/
onf/ okdYaomf ,cktcg Standard vnf; rwlnDMuay/ ¤if;wkdYtwGuf iPodoufwrf;av;ESpw f mtwGi;f
iPod BuD;ESifh iPod mini wkdYtwGuf tMurf;zsif;tm;jzifh twef;tpm; av; tawGUtBuHK&SNd yD;olrsm;&Sad ernfjzpfouhJ
txl;jyKvkyfxm;aom Dock rsm;udk qifh cGjJ cm;xm;onf/ o,f,&l vG,u f rl I odkY tawGUtBuHK vHk;0r&Sdao;olrsm;
pm;yGaJ y:wGiw f ifxm;Edik &f efEiS hf datarsm; tay: tajccHum Ultra-Portable, vnf; &SEd ikd yf gonf/ xkt d cgtawGUtBuHK
xnho f iG ;f jcif;? xkw, f jl cif;ponfh out- Portable, Semi-Portable ESifh Non- r&Sdaom olrsm;taejzifh rdrd\ iPod
puts jyKjyifrIrsm; jyKvkyfEdkif&ef 0,f,l Protable[lí cGjJ cm;xm;jcif; jzpfonf/ twGi;f odYk musicrsm; rnfoYkd xnho f iG ;f
oHk;pGJMu&jyefygonf/ 29 a':vm wef Speaker System ud0k ,f,&l mwGif ,l&onfuo kd &d &dS ef vkt
d yfaeygvdrrfh nf/
aMu;&Sd iPod shuffle dockwpfckonf xyfrí H uGjJ ym;pGm0,f,rl rI sm; &SEd idk o
f nfh pD'DxJrS aw;*Dwrsm;udk iPod
USB data output cable omvQif tavsmuf products rsm;ud k v nf ; twGif;okdY tvG,fwul transfer jyK
xl;jcm;pGm yg0ifvmygonf/ 39 a':vm trsdK;rsdK; xkwf,lMuonf/ Oyrmtm; vkyEf idk &f eftvkYd imS Apple onf iTunes
wef iPod photo DockwpfckwGif TV jzifh xkdufoifhaomtoHudk&í aps;EIef; udk iPodxkwfvkyfrI rwkdifrDuwnf;u
jzifh wGJzufMunhf½IEkdifrnfh S-Video csdKomrIudk vkdvm;olvnf; &Sdonf/ wDxGifjyoxm;&SdNyD; jzpf\/ Option
output udkyg xnhfay;xm;\/ a,bk wpfOD;wpfa,mufxuf ydkí em;qif&ef rsm;jzifhjzpfap? tcrhJjzpfap? odkYr[kwf
,stm;jzifh ¤if;ESifh ywfoufvmrnfh vkdvm;olrsm;vnf; &Sdonf/ o,f,l tjcm;wpfenf;enf;jzifhjzpfap ul;,l
cablesrsm;udk xyfrHjznfhqnf;&rnf[k oGm;&mwGif vG,fulrIudk OD;pm;ay;&ol jznfw h if;Ekid yf gonf/ txl;ojzifh 2003
rSwf,lxm;Edkifygonf/ rsm;vnf; &So d nf/ pm;yGaJ y:wGif *kP, f l ckESpfwGif Apple tifwmeufrS a&mif;
iPodudk 0,f,ltoHk;jyKonfhtcg 0ifh<um;pGmjzifh wifxm;vkdojzifh yHkpH csay;onfh iTunes Music Storexm;
wGif rvGJraoG toHk;jyKMurnfh wGJzuf &Sad y;jcif;jzifh iPodtwGi;f jznfo h iG ;f &ef
udpo ö nf tvGefvG,fulaomt&m jzpf
oGm;&\/
Rip Digital uhJodkYaom Music
service rsm;vnf; toihf&Sdaeygao;
onf/ pD'D 100 pm vufa&G;pifrsm;jznhf
wif;ay;rItwGuf a': vmaiG 129 cefY
usrnfjzpfNyD; rdrdxHodkY iPod-compat-
ible files rsm; ajymif;ay;um pD'Drsm;
ESifhtwl jyefydkYay;\/

20 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zlvdkifv? 2005 ckESpf


COVER STORY

Free Music Sitesrsm;rSvnf; Ed;k olrsm;taejzifh taumif;qH;k [k owf


tcrhJ downloadvkyf,lí&onf/ em rSwEf idk rf nfyh pön;f rsm;udk obm0tvku d f
rnfBuD; rock, pop, electronicESihf jazz cGJjcm;od&SdEdkifygao;onf/
[lí u@rsm;cGu J m w&m;0iftcrhJ &,l Ultra-portable speakers wGif onf/ ¤if;ESifhtwl AC adapteryg
Ekdifonf/ Oyrm iPod louge Web site taumif;qHk;rSm Pacific Rim Tech- yl;wGJyg&Sdvmojzifh oD;jcm;0,f&ef rvkd
rSjzpfap? Spoken World Web siterS nologies rS xk w f v k y f o nf h Cube tyfay/ oyf&yfpGm odrf;qnf;xkyfykd;
jzpfap &,lEkdifonf/ Travel Speakers jzpfonf/ a&mif;aps; vkdufygu 10.25 x 5.5 x 1.5 vufr
Apple \ iTunes Music Store wefzkd;rSm 34.99 a':vmjzpfonf/ om&Sdonf/
rS 0,f,jl znhwf if;,lygu oDcsi;f wpfy'k f Semi-portable speakers rsm;
udk 99 qifh? odkYr[kwf albumwpfckudk teuf BoserS xkwfvkyfonfh Sound
9.99 a':vm ay;aqmif&onf/ xkd block onf taumif;qHk; jzpfonf/
Music StorewGif *DwoDcsif;aygif; tav;csed t f m;jzifh av;aygifcefYav;um
wpfoef;ausmf &SdaeNyD;jzpf\/ 6.65 x 11.91 x 6.48 vufr t&G,f
aps;EIef;csdKcsdKjzifh tNydKiftqkdif tpm;&Sdonf/ owfrSwfa&mif;aps;rSm
a&mif;csaeMuaom online service 299 a':vmjzpf\/ ¤if; onf shuffle
trsm;tjym; ay:xG u f v maeonf / trsdK;tpm;rSwpfyg; tm;vHk;jzifh wGJzuf
þae&mwGif owdjyK&rnfrSm Micro- toHk;jyKEkdifonf/
soft odkYr[kwf Sony odkYr[kwf Real Non-portable Speakers trsdK;
odkYr[kwf WalmartwkdYrS &&Sdrnfh mu- tpm;teuf JBL rS xkwfvkyfonfh
sic rsm;onf iPod compatiblersm; Creature II Speaker System onf
AAA bufx&DtrsdK;tpm;udktoHk;
r[kwfay/
csí 16 em&Dpmtxd wpfqufwnf;
iPod speakers system ajrmuf
em;qifEkdifonf/ tu,fí ¤if;twGuf
jrm;pGm xkwvf yk cf o
Jh nft
h euf iPodjrwf
AC adapterudk tvkd&Sdygu 5 a':vm
xyfrH ukefusrnf/ Speakerav;tm;
odrf;qnf; xkyfykd;vkdufygu 2.4 _2.4
_4 vufrt&G,fom &Sdonf/
Portable Speakers rsm;teuf
inMotion ukrPÜ rD x S w
k v
f yk o
f nfh iM4s
speakersav;rSm taumif;qH;k jzpf\/
a&mif;aps;wefzkd;rSm 99.95 a':vm jzpf
ygonf/ AA bufx&D trsdK;tpm;oHk;
um 18 em&DrS 24 em&Dtxd toHk;jyKEkdif

uGefysLwm*sme,f Zlvdkifv? 2005 ckESpf 21


COVER STORY
taumif;qHk;jzpfonf/ rlvwefzkd;rSm rdrd iPod udk cyfvSrf;vSrf;rS control
99.95 a':vm[k owfrSwfxm;aomf vkyu f mem;qifvydk gu toH;k jyKEidk o f nf/
vnf; a':vm 50 weftxd yHkpHuGJjym; taumif;qH;k ypön;f av;rSm TEN Tech-
pGmjzifh &Ekdifao;onf/ nology xkwf navi Play Portable
Bud K ;rh J p epf j zif h toH k ; jyKEk d i f & ef Wireless system jzpfonf/ owfrSwf
twGuv f nf; 0,f,&l &SEd idk yf gao;onf/ a&mif;aps;rSm a':vm 199.99 [k jyqkd
xm;onf/ ayoH;k q,ftuGmta0;txd
xdef;csKyf aqmif&Gufay;Ekdifonf/
iPod xGef;um; us,fjyefYvmrIudk
tajcjyKí third -party accessory vkyfudkifaeNyDjzpfaMumif; aMunmxm;chJ
xkwfvkyfolwkdYonf in-car accesso- onf/ 2005 ckESpfaESmif;ykdif;wGif iPod
riesrsm;udk xkwv car integration system
f yk Mf ujyefonf/ 2005 rsm;wGif ice>
ckESpf? Zefe0g&DvwGif Apple rS iPodLink Plus, MOST-Link : iPodESifh
integration kitersm;udk toifw Screen-Link : iPodpepfrsm; yg0if
h yfqif
vmrnfhtjyif iPod Cablepepfrsm;
toH k ; jyKEk d i f & ef Mercedes Benz,
Volvo, Alfa Romeo, Ferrari,Nissan, yg0ifEkdifvdrfhrnf[k od&Sd&onf/
BMW, Toyota ukrÜPDwkdYESifh wGJzuf Ref: iPod lounge.com,

22 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zlvdkifv? 2005 ckESpf


COVER STORY

iPod twGuf tNydKiftqkdifrsm;


odrYk [kwf iPod udk ESrd ef if;rnfh ypön;f rsm;

Apple rS iPod ud k rzef w D ; rD rsm;u wGef;z,foGm;ygvdrfhrnf[k &J


ESpaf ygif; tawmfMumuyif oDcsi;f aowåm wif;pGm ajymvmchJonf/
pufrsm; ay:xGef;aeNyD; jzpfygonf/ ,aeYtcsdeftxd urÇmwpf0ef;vHk;
txl;ojzifh tvG,w f ul uk, d Ef iS rhf uGm wGif iPodta&twGuaf ygif; 10 oef;ausmf
o,f,loGm;Ekdifonfh walkmanuhJodkY a&mif;csxm;NyD;jzpfonf/ ¤if;tjyif
aomwtm½Hck H ud&, d mav;rsm;pGm &Sad echJ 2006 ckEpS w f iG f a&mif;csNyD;pD;rnfh tvH;k
ygonf/ xkdYtwl iPod ay:aygufvm a&aygif; 23 oef;rQ &Sdvdrhfrnf[k ao
NyD;csed rf mS yif Zen Juke boxrsm;? iRiver csmayguf wGucf suf,q l xm;Muonf/
rsm; xGuaf y:vmygonf/ okrd ;DS pGr;f &nf TelecomukrP Ü rD sm;\ wGucf suf avh
jrifhaom music playerav;rsm;onf vmrIt& ,aeYurÇmhvlOD;a&\ av;yHk
iPodudk tNydKiftqki d f xkwv f yk af epOfrmS wpfyHkcefYonf mobile phonersm;
yif Microsoft rSvnf; windows por- oH;k aeMuaMumif; awGU&onf/ wpfenf;
table media centre rsm; xkwfvkyf&ef tm;jzifh vufuikd w f ,fvzD ek ;f oH;k ol 1.4
BudK;pm;aechJao;onf/ bDvD,HcefY&Sdonf[k qkdvkdjcif;jzpf\/
rnfoYdk yifjzpfap 2005 ckEpS f ESpOf ;D w,fvDzkef;toHk;jyKolrsm;onf vpOf
ydkif;txd iPodonf *DwjrwfEkd;olrsm; aiGpm&if;&Si;f wrf; &Sad eMuonf/ Wire-
odYk r[kwf vli,frsm;tay: vTr;f rk;d xm; less technology\ wkd;wufzGHUNzdK;
Ekid cf \Jh / okYd &mwGif 2005 ckEpS f ESpv f ,f vmrIrsm;onfvnf; thHrcef; &Sdvm&
ykid ;f a&mufaomtcg iPod killerrsm;[k onf/ okdYtwGuf rnfonfhae&m? rnf
trnfay;&awmhrnfh tajctae&Sdonfh onfhtcsdefwGifrqkd oef;aygif;rsm;pGm
NydKifbufopfrsm; ay:xGufvmawmh aom oDcsif;rsm;udk vufcHem;qifEkdif
onf/ ¤if;wkdYrSm mobile phonersm; rnf/ w,fvDzkef;onf ukd,fykdif por-
yif jzpf\/ tar&duefEkdifiHtygt0if table stereorsm; &,lcGifh &Sdvmap
zifvefEidk if rH S awmifu&kd ;D ,m;Ekid if t H xd onf/ wpfzef Apple onf Dell, Sony
wnf&Sdaeaom telecom ukrÜPDrsm; ESihf Microsoft wkYd uv kd nf; wpfNydKifeuf
taejzifh rMumrDtcsdeftwGif; urÇmBuD; wnf; ,SOfNydKifvm&\/
\ t"duaomhcsufae&mwGif mobile þokdYqkdvQif iPod ESifh ,SOfí
phone rsm;om jzpf v mvd r f h r nf [ k w,fvzD ek ;f rsm;\ taetxm;udk yxr
wGuq f xm;Muonf/ Nokia ukrP Ü \ D OD;pGm EdIif;,SOfavhvmMunhfEkdifonf/
'DZkdifemcsKyf jzpfol Frank Nuovou iPod onf aps;EIef;tm;jzifh a':
iPod onf thHMoavmufatmif atmif vm 99 rS 449 txdtrsKd ;rsKd ;&SEd idk o f nf/
jrifaeygonf/ okdYaomf ckdifrmpGm &yf tm;omcsufwGif toGiftjyif 'DZkdif;
wnfEkdifrnf r[kwfay/ ¤if;udk vuf&Sd pwkid f tifrwefvyS aom music player
ykid q f idk x
f m;aomae&mrS mobile phone av;jzpfí iPod, miniESihf shuffle[lí

24 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zlvdkifv? 2005 ckESpf


COVER STORY
tMurf;zsi;f tqiho f ;kH rsKd ;jzifh cGjJ cm;xkwf iPod SAMSUNG SGH - 1300
vkyfxm;onf/ oDcsif;okdrSD;EkdifrI tyk'f
a& 120 rS 15000 txd tpm;pm;&Sd\/
tm;enf;csufrSm jyifyavvdIif;rS aw; Price : Price :
*DwoDcsif;rsm;udk zrf;,lEkdifjcif;r&Sday/ $99 to $ 499 $450 to $ 500
w,fvzD ek ;f uho
J Ykd qufo, G af &;vkyif ef; Store: Store:
120 to 15000 1000 songs
rvkyfaqmifEkdifay/ "mwfyHk½kduful;Ekdif songs
onfh ud&d,mvnf; rygay/ 3GB
SAMSUNG SGH - 1300w,f Harddrive
vDzkef;onf aps;tm;jzifh a':vm 450
rS 500 twGi;f &SEd idk o
f nf/ tm;omcsuf
wGif w,fvDzkef;qufoG,frI jyKvkyfEkdif odkrSD;&onfhyHkpHjzpfojzifh oDcsif;yk'fa& screenav; jzpfonf/ oDcsif;yk'fa&
onfhtjyif 3 GByrmP&Sd hard drive 600 cefY 0ifqHhonf/ ¤if;wGif ste- 300 cefY qhHaomfvnf; rwlnDaom
xnhfoGif;yg&Sdvmojzifh oDcsif;yk'fa& reo-quality speakerrsm; yg&SdNyD;? music filesrsdK;pHkukd vufcHodrf;qnf;
aygif; 1000 cefYtxd odkrSD;em;qifEkdif MP3 rsm;? popular music file for- xm;Ekdifonf/ Keypad oD;jcm;ryg&Sd
onf/ iPod uhJodkYyif scroll-wheel matsrsm;udk Microsoft rSjzpfap? Real ojzifh stylus udk toHk;jyKum screen
navigationESifh t&nftaoG;jynhf oD NetworksrSjzpfap aumif;pGm udi kwf ,
G f ay:wGif aumuf,l&ojzifh tenf;i,f
csif;rsm; em;aomwqifEkdifonf/ tm; vkyuf idk ,
f El idk o
f nf/ tm;enf;csuwf pfck uoduatmufEkdifvSonf/
enf;csuftaejzifh keypadcvkwfrsm; rSm ta&miftaoG;tenf;i,f rGJajcmuf iPod \ ,SOfNydKifbuf[k rSwf,l
rSm uwfuwfowfowf yHkpHjzpfae\/ í yg&Sdaomuifr&mav;rSm t&nf avmufaom mobile phoneav;rsdK;
tar&duefaps;uGufwGif 2005 ckESpf taoG;edrfhaeygonf/ udkpeH rlemxm;íavhvmMunhyf gu iPod
ukefonftxd wGifus,frI&Sdvmap&ef Nokia 7710 modelw,fvDzkef; \ atmifjrifrIrsm;udk 0ifa&muf EdIuf,l
apmifh,l&rnf/ av;\ wefzkd;aiGrSm a':vm 500 rS vmawmhrnfh t&dyt f a,mif awGUjrifMu
SonyukrP Ü rD S aemufq;kH xkwv f m 600 tMum;&&SdEkdifonf/ yHkazmf rsufESm &ygvdrfhrnf/ rnfokdYyifjzpfap Apple
aom Ericsson W-800 Walkman jyifrSmBuD;us,fí aZmufygaom color uvnf; w,fvzD ek ;f rsm;wGif oDcsif;rsm;
ud & d , mav;\ owf r S w f w ef z k d ; rS m xnhfoGif;ay;a&;u@jzifh jyef0ifEkdif&ef
Sony NW-HDS
a':vm 300 jzpfonf/ tm;omcsuf yxrOD;pGm motorolaukrP Ü ED iS fh ñSed idI ;f
ipod udk wdu
k cf u
kd &f ef xGuaf y:vmonfh MP3
wGif thHtm;oifhzG,f funky design player av; jzpfonf/ 20 GB yrmPcefq Y íhH aqmif&Gufvsuf &Sdaeygonf/
jzpfaeNyD; tenf;qH;k oDcsif;yk'af &aygif; music playerav;rsm;teuf tao;i,fq;kH Apple computeronf uGe& f ufrS
250 cefYtxd odkrSD;xm;Ekdifonf/ buf device av;[k qd& k rnf/ iPod xuf wpfqifh downloadvkyfapaom pepf
x&Doufwrf;rSm iPod miniESihf twlwl t&G,t f pm;ao;um ydík aygyh g;onf/ jzifh a&mif;csrrI sm;udk tBuD;rm;qH;k tqifh
bufx&Donf em&D 40 Mum zGi, hf El ikd o f nf/ jzifh pkd;rdk;xm;onf/ odkYaomf urÇmtESHY
jzpfonf/ yHk&dyfjywfom;pGm ½kduful;,l
txl;jcm;qH;k toGit f jyifrmS displayjrifuiG ;f udk
Ekdifonfh 2 Megapixelt&nftaoG;&Sd axmifvu kd yf pkH jH zpfap? tvsm;vdu k yf pkH jH zpfap tjym;rS wireless operatorsrsm;
uifr&mav; yg&Sdonf/ tm;enf;csuf ajymif;vJMunf½h EI ikd o f nf/ uvnf; digital music avmuwGif
rSm online music stores tcsKd UESihf quf tajcckdifckdif ae&m&&Sda&;udk ajymif;a&TU
oG,f,lí r&Ekdifay/ Wireless music ae&m,lvmaeonf/ þodkYqkdvQif ¤if;
download rsm;udkom ukdifwG,fEkdif wkdY\ vufeufykef;rSm rnfonfht&m
onf/ enf;/ vufukdifzkef;rsm;om jzpfonf/
Motorola E6801w,fvDzkef; vufudkifzkef;rsm;onf aemiftcg mu-
av;\wefzkd;rSm a':vm 400 ESifh 600 sic playerrsm; jzpfvmawmhrnf/ ¤if;
tMum;&SdEkdifonf/ Memory cardjzifh wkYd \ cefYreS ;f csutf & 2008 ckEpS af &muf

26 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zlvdkifv? 2005 ckESpf


COVER STORY

SONYERICSSON W800 MOTOROLA E680I NOKIA 7710


Walkman

Price : Price : Price :


$300 $400 to $ 600 $500 to $ 600
Store: Store: Store:
250 songs 600 songs 300 songs

>>2 megapixel
camera

aomf cell phons aygif; oef; 860 cs,, f El idk o


f nf/ rMumrD satelliteradio 700000 xJrS BudKufESpfoufoavmuf
cefYudk musicrsm; a&mif;csae&ygawmh onf mobile phonersm;ay:okYd a&muf &,lcHpm;cGifh&SdMu\/ vpOfaMu;ay;ol
rnf[k qkdonf/ vmawmhrnf/ ud&k ;D ,m;Ekid if rH S SK Tele- onf PCjzifhjzpfap MP3 playerav;
vufudkifw,fvDzkef;oHk;olwkdYonf com onf Ekd0ifbmvwGif universal rsm;jzifjh zpfap &,lcpH m;Ekid o f jzifh ykí d yif
ringtone rsm;tjzpf oDcsif; aw;*Dw jukeboretaejzifh w,fvDzkef;rsm;ay: tqifajy acsmarGUaom music store
twkdtprsm;ESifh zefwD;,ljcif;onfyif okdY jzefYcsrI pwifawmhrnf[k aMunm servicejzpfaeygonf/
wpfa':vmrS oHk;a':vmtxd tukef xm;onf/ tqkdygvkyfief;udk melon 2005 ckESpf ZGefvtwGif;rSmyif
tuscHMu&onf/ Ringtone mania [k trnfay;xm;NyD; tonesaygif; ckepf a':vm 900 jzifh owfrSwfí a&mif;cs
rsm;onf oDcsif; tjynhftpHkjzifh em; ode;f &Sad om library rS tuefYtowfr&Sd vkdufonfh Nokia N91 onf 4 GB
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38 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


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40 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


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*dr;f qdik af wGjzpfvmawmhw,f/ 'gaMumifh ]]vmMu pmoifcef;uae tdrfjyefcsdefawGrSm *drf;&JU
a[ vufbuf&nfqikd u f kd oGm;MuygpdYkav}} qdw k hJ oabmobm0u tNydKiftqdik f tEdik o f abmawG
oDcsif;ae&mrSm acwfvli,fawGu ]]*drf;qdkifudk omru t½kyt f oHawGtjyif xl;qef;tHhMop&m
om oGm;MuygpdkYav}}vdkY ajymif;NyD; [pfa<u;ae e,fy,fa'oawGxJ vli,fawGukd qGaJ c:oGm;vdrhf
NyD/ r,f/ touf 20 ausmftydkif;rSm uGefysLwm
uGeyf sLwm*dr;f udk rBudKufb;l vdYk ajymr,fo h l *drf;udk azsmfajzrIoufoufomru pGJvrf;rI
cyf&mS ;&Sm;yJ/ rde;f uav;? a,musfm;av; tm;vH;k aMumifhygupm;vmMuwmawGY&w,f/ *drf;udk
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58 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
txl;aqmif;yg;
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rSwfMujyefw,f/ &Edkifw,fvdkYqdkovdk pdwfudkavhusifh&m *drf;avmuxJa&mufoGm;&if jyefrxGuf
a&mufw,fvYkd vnf;qdw k ,f/ 'gayr,fh csifawmhb;l / *dr;f pGo J al wG[m 'Dvv kd rl sKd;
*dr;f eJu
Y se;f rma&; omrefupm;wmavmufeYJawmh ud, k cf E¨m awGrmS tjzpfrsm;w,f/ vli,fawG[m
*drf;vdkYajymvdkuf&if ypfrSwftjzpf udk xdcdkufEdkifrIr&SdEdkifbl;vdkY oHk;oyfMu vkw d mr&? &wmrvdt k jzpfrsm;&if pdwu f s
xm;NyD;ajymavh&MdS uwmuawmh use;f rm w,f/ a0'emcHpm;&wwfw,f/ 'Dvdkajymwm
a&;yg/ rsuv f ;kH 'Pfjzpfr,f/ acgif;udu k f vnf; odyfawmhrxda&mufygbl;/ bm
r,f/ &ifbwfemr,f/ yifyef;EGrf;e,f *dr;f eJaY ygi;f oif;qufqaH &; aMumifv h nf;qdak wmh uGeyf sLwmeJY*rd ;f rSm
r,f/ pdwf uajymif;ujyefjzpfr,fvdkY uGeyf sLwm*dr;f upm;wm pdwyf nm yJ tcsdefukefvGefaeolawGvdkY owfrSwf
qdkMuw,f/ *drf;upm;vGef;&if tdyfa&; oabmeJYa&m? vlraI &;oabmw&m;awG jcif;cH&olawG[m trsm;eJYqufqH&mrSm
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wwfovdk yckH;awGawmifhwif;udkufcJ *dr;f upm;olawG[m rupm;olawG olwdkY tcsif;csif;qufqHa&;usawmh
vmwwfygao;w,f/ aq;ynm&Siaf wG eJY vH;k 0rwlwmawmh trSeyf /J *dr;f upm; tqifudkacsmaewm awGY&ygvdrfhr,f/
uawmh cE¨muk, d tf wGi;f tpmajczsuEf ikd f oltrsm;pk[m t&ufpw JG mwdYk aq;pGw J m a,musfm;av;awG[m OnlinerSm
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Muw,f/ *drf;udk rMumrMumupm;ol enf;w,f/ 'gayr,fh *dr;f udt k a&;tBuD; rdwfaqGoli,fcsif;awGeJY taersm;Mu
awGrSm ESvHk;eJY ywfoufwJh jyóem qH;k vdYk pdwrf mS pGNJ rJxm;olawG[m pdwu f s w,fvdkYqdkMuw,f/ olwdkYcsif;awGY&if
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tm;vHk;[m uGefysLwm&JU armfeDwmeJY EIid ;f ,SONf yD;rS 'Dtajzudq k x JG wk ,f Ml uwm vdYk okawoD Colwell u oH;k oyfjyw,f/
teD;uyfxdkifae&wmaMumifhvdkYvnf; jzpfw,f/ *drf;udk½dk;½dk;upm;wmxuf tjcm;avhvmawGY&cdS suaf wGuawmh
oHk;oyfMuw,f/ *drf;awGrSm rsm;aom tavmif;tpm;oabmawG0ifvm&if *drf;udk tvGeftuRHupm;w,fqdkwm
tm;jzifhuawmh *&yfzpfydkif;udk tav; cd;k wmawG vk,ufwmawGvnf; jzpfvm aysmcf siv f Ykd? pdet
f ac:cH&vdYk? bmrSvyk pf &m
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tvif;a&mifeJY qGJaqmiftm;aumif; udk,fhudk,fudk txifBuD;av;pm;rI pdwu f ;l ,Ofxm;wJb h 0udk wu,ftpm;
aumif; xkwfvkyfxm;Muwmrsm;w,f/ qdkwm odyfta&;BuD;w,f/ *drfrmwdkif; xdk;ay;EdkifvdkY? pdwfNidrfcsifvdkY? pdwfvIyf
*dr;f udyk ikd ;f jzwf&mrSm jrif&wJh armfeD [m udk,fupm;wJh*drf;rSm q&mBuD;awG &Sm;wuf<ucsifvdkYqdkwJhtaMumif;w&m;
wm&JU oufa&mufrIxuf rjrif&wJh jzpfcsifMuwm obm0yJ/ 'gayr,fh NydKif awGaMumifh jzpfaewmvnf;awGY&w,f/
tydkif;udk ydkNyD; cefYrSef;wGufqMuw,f/ bufawGeJYupm;av udk,fhbufu vdk bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh *drf;upm;ae&if;
Oyrm xdk;xGif;odjrifEdkifrI? qHk;jzwfcsuf tyfaeao;w,fqdkwmawG odjrifvm atmfcsifovdk atmfxkwfvdkufEdkifw,f/
csEdkifrIawGudk cefYrSef;wGufqMuw,f/ MuavyJ/ *drf;awGxJrSmudku udk,fwdkif ud, k cf pH m;&vdk azmfxw k v
f u
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wmawG? pdwv f yI &f mS ;xdcu kd v
f eG ;f wmawG udk,fudk txifBuD;rIawGuawmh rkcs&Sd a,musfm;av;awG[m rdef;uav;awG
avmufyJ oHk;oyfEdkifMuao;w,f/ vdrfhr,f/ aemufNyD; vlrIe,fy,frSm vdk xuf ydNk yD;vGwv f yfMuwmaMumifh *dr;f udk
*drf;upm;vdkY aemufqufwGJa&m*g tyfwmawGjznfq h nf;zdYk qw kd m *dr;f avm pGJp&mtaMumif;r&Sdbl;vdkY xif&ayr,fh
a0'emawG&Edkifw,fqdkwm ]]acwå}} urSmvnf; r&Sdbl; rxifvdkufaveJY/ t&m&mudk pl;prf;avhvmvdpk w d f vGeu f w J hJ
jzpfEikd fovdk ]]emwm&Snf}} vnf;jzpfcsif udk,fhudk,fudk txifBuD;pdwfr&Sdol ADZaMumifh pGJoGm;wwfwmawGvnf; yg
jzpfEdkifw,f/ pdwfudkpl;pdkufxm;&wm awG[m pdwu f ;l ,OfurÇmwpfcu k kd wnf w,f/ rdef;uav;awGudk tdrfrSmyJ *drf;

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f 59
txl;aqmif;yg;
awGaqmhMu&vdkY rpGJbl;vdkY rxifvu kd f tGefvdkif;*drf;qdkwmuawmh acwf vmNyD/ *dr;f upm;wmudk aumif;w,fvYkd
aveJY/ rdef;uav;awGrSmvnf; *drf; pm;wmodyrf Mumao;vdYk olY&UJ taumif; oH;k oyfonfjzpfap? raumif;bl;vdYk oH;k
rupm;&&if raeEdkifolawG trsm;BuD;&Sd tqd;k awGukd odyrf odMuao;bl;/ ynm oyfonfjzpfap ywf0ef;usifraumif;
Muw,f/ ]]vGwfvGwfvyfvyf upm;vdk a&;? pdwfynme,fy,fawGuae tajz &ifawmh &v'faumif;vmrSmr[kwfbl;/
pdwu f uGeyf sLwm*dr;f udk awGYvu kd w
f meJY &SmaeqJyJ/ usef;rma&;½IaxmifhuMunfh&if uav;
pGv
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J mudk yaysmufapwJeh nf;[m awGukd *dr;f rupm;rDeYJ *dr;f upm;aepOfeYJ
Griffiths qdkolu oHk;oyfygw,f/ rdbawGrmS vnf; wm0ef&w dS ,f/ olwYkdu *dr;f upm;NyD;csdeaf wGrmS wdik ;f wmppfaq;
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xGuaf ewmqdak wmh wpfrsKd;wnf;udk pGpJ JG upm;csde?f tdycf sde?f pmzwfcsdef owfrw S f aygifcsde?f xd;k xGi;f odjrifEikd rf ?I ud,
k cf E¨m
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uGefysLwm*drf;eJY aemufqufwGJ avhvmawGY&Sdcsufrsm;


Ä uGefysLwm*drf;[m vlYabmiftzGJY wmtjyif aysmfaysmf&TGif&Tif cHpm;csif - 23&mcdik Ef eI ;f u zdu
k w
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taMumif;t&mwpfckjzpfvmNyD/ Ä vli,fawG&UJ 87 &mcdik Ef eI ;f eJY vlBuD; - 9 &mcdkifEIef;u ppfAsL[mcs&wJh
Ä touf 12 ESpfrS 17 ESpftwGif; ydkif;&JU 47 &mcdkifEIef;[m tenf;qHk; *drf;
vli,fawGtjyif 53 &mcdik Ef eI ;f aom wpfvudk wpfBudraf vmufupm;Mu - 9 &mcdkifEIef;u uav;aqmh*drf;
vlBuD;awGvnf; uGefysLwm*drf;udk w,f/ - 8 &mcdkifEIef;u tm;upm;*drf;
upm;aeMuw,f/ Ä uGefysLwm*drf;upm;w,fqdkwm Ä touft&G,fra&G;upm;EdkifwJh G
Ä vlBuD;ydkif;vdkYqdk&mrSm touf 35 aysmf&TifcsifvdkY? pdwfMunfEl;csifvdkY? tqifh*drf;awG[m vli,fawGMum;
ESpaf tmufawGrmS ydrk u kd pm;wm awGY &ifzdkrIawGcHpm;csifvdkY? tyef;ajz rSm a&yef;tpm;qHk;jzpfw,f/
&w,f/ (35 ESpaf tmufu 71 &mcdik f csifvdkY? pdefac:&wmudkESpfoufvdkY Ä *drf;upm;&mrSm *&yfzpfydkif; reso-
EIef;? 35 ESpf txufu 41 &mcdkif upm;Muwm/ lution jrif h r m;rI ? upm;ol a wG
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f pm;vdrk ?I wu,fh
Ä a,mufsm;av;awGu rdef;uav; 17 ESpt f wGi;f upm;Muw,f qdkay obm0uswJh tuf&SifawGeJY toH
awGxufydkNyD; upm;Muw,f/ (vl r,fh touftydkif;tjcm;tvdkuf ydkif;qdkif&m txl;jyKvkyfcsufawG
BuD;ydik ;f rSm a,musfm;av; 68 &mcdik f udk,fydkif upm;wwfwJh trsKd;tpm; aumif;aeapzdkYqdkwmawG[m *drf;
EIef;? touf 12 ESpfeJY 17 ESpf awG rwlnDEdkifbl;/ orm;awG t wG u f ta&;BuD ; wJ h
vli,fawGtydik ;f rSm a,musfm;av; Ä OD;pm;ay; pdwfBudKufupm;wwfwJh tcsufawGjzpfw,f/
98 &mcdkifEIef;txd&Sdw,f/) *drf;awGuawmh Ä tcsKdUaom*drf;awGrSm vlBuD;ydkif;u
Ä uGefysLwm*drf;udk upm;Muwm vlrI - 20 &mcdik Ef eI ;f u um;armif;NydKifyJG vli,fyikd ;f &JU uRr;f usirf rI sK;d avmuf
a&;todkif;t0dkif;rSm qdk&S,fjzpfcsif *dr;f rpGrf;aqmifEdkifMuwmawGY&w,f/

60 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
txl;aqmif;yg;
vm&&if rsuv f ;kH ub,fvkd wkeYf jyef txl;ojzifhuawmh udk 3 Hz xufydkNyD; rwifoifhbl;/
rIrsKd; ay;ovJ/ u/teDa&mifawGudk vGefuJpGm oHk; (3) tpif;aMumif;awG? c½kywfyv kH nfae
(2) tvif;udkavQmhNyD; ½kyfxGufudkwif r,fqdk&if tavhtusifhenf;ol wJyh akH wG? puf0ikd ;f awGpwJh *sMD oarBxD
vdkuf&if odkYr[kwf jrifuGif;tjref awGtwGuf txl;owdxm;oifh qdkif&myHko@efawGudk screenrsuf
EIef;udk vuf&SdEIef;xuf jr§ifhvdkuf&if w,f/ ESmjynfhr,lxm;oifhbl;/
b,fvdkaervJ/ c/ wkefcgrIEIef;udk 3 Hz eJYtxuf txufygtcsuaf wG[m olwYkdEikd if H
(3) *sMD oarBxDqikd &f m yHo k P²mefawGukd jrifah tmif oH;k zdYk awmh vdw
k ,f/ rSm ynma&;qdkif&m ½kyfjrifoHMum;tpD
xyfumwvJvw J pfypkH w
H nf;jyae&if 5Hz txd jr§ifhoHk;vdkY&w,f/ tpOfawGudk ausmif;om;ausmif;olawG
b,fvdkwkefYjyefrIrsKd;awG ay;rvJ/ 'gayr,fh t½kyf&JUawmufyrIudk apmifhMunfhavhvm&mrSm ab;tEÅ&m,f
txufazmfjyyg prf;oyfcsuaf wGtwdik ;f 20 &mcdkifEIef;xuf rydkoifhb;l / uif;a&;twGuf jy|mef;xm;csuaf wGjzpf
prf;oyfppfaq;Munfh&mrSm tjrifq h ;kH EIe;f [m 2 puúeYf xuf w,f/ 'DtxJrmS tvif;a&mifaumif;pGm
(1) ½kyfyHkawG tvif;a&mifawGudk toHk; rydkoifhbl;/ &&SdwJh tcef;xJrSmomMunfhoifhw,f/
jyK&mrSmwpfpuúefYudk 3 Budrfxuf (2) ½kyfxGufudk ydkNyD;Munfvifjywfom; tuGmta0; 2 rDwmcGmNyD;xdkifMunfhoifh
ydkwJh tvif;jyefrIrsKd; odkYr[kwf wkef atmif tvif;udkwifonfjzpfap? w,fqdkwmawGvnf; ygao;w,f/
cgrIrsKd;udk a&SmifusOfoifw h ,f qdwk hJ contrastudkwifonfjzpfap 20 &m uG e f y sLwm*d r f ; [m uav;awG
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D kd
&SdwJh *drf;awGrSm uRrf;usifydkifEdkifvS *dr;f rSmvdk ud, k vf o
kd vdk xde;f odr;f *drf;ta&mif;[m 2004 ckESpfrSm a':
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H xd jrifwh ufomG ;
avmufyJ&Sdw,f/ udk,fjzpfcsifovdk vkyfvdkY&wmawG cJwh ,f/ 1996 ckEpS u f xuf 4qcefY
Ä avhvmawGY&Sdcsuft& vlBuD;ydkif;&JU aMumifh *drf;[m vli,fawGMum;rSm jrifhwufoGm;w,fvdkY qdkEdkifw,f/
45 &mcdkifEIef;eJY vli,fydkif;&JU 24 acwfpm;vm&wmvdkY ajym&ifvnf; Ä tar&duefEdkifiHutdrfwdkif;&JU 75
&mcdkifEIef;avmuf[m &ufpufMurf; &w,f/ &mcdkifEIef;cefYtxd *drf;awGupm;ae
MuKwfwJh *drf;awGudk tav;ay; Ä uav;awG[m tMurf;zuf&efvdkrI Muw,fvdkY avhvmawGY&Sd&w,f/
upm;MuwmawGY&w,f/ awGrsm;vmvdkY upm;wmudk &yfcdkif; Ä 2004 ckESpfrSm uGefysLwmeJY AD'D,dk
Ä trsm;pkjzpfwJh vlBuD;ydkif;&JU 63 &m awmhr,fvdkYajymwJhrdbawG[m 28 *dr;f twGuaf &mif;tm;[m 248oef;
cdik Ef eI ;f avmuf[m uGeyf sLwm*dr;f udk &mcdkifEIef;avmufyJ&Sdw,f/ rdbawG ausmf&SdcJhw,f/ tar&duefEdkifiH&JU
tMurf;zufupm;Mu&wmxuf tMurf; rBudKufvdkY rupm;awmhbl;vdkY ajym tdrfwdkif;[m wpftdrfudk *drf; 2 rsKd;
zufrIawGrsm;wJh ½kyf&SifawGudk ydkNyD; wJh uav;awGu 17 &mcdkifEIef;? avmuf upm;aewJhoabmyJ/
Munfhavh&SdMuw,f/ odyfNyD; Murf;wrf;vGef;wmaMumifh Ä ysrf;rQ*drf;upm;wJhtoufudkwGuf
Ä rD'D,mESpfrsKd;jzpfwJh *drf;a&m ½kyf&Sif qufrupm;awmhbl;vdkY oHk;oyfjy Munfhvdkufawmh 30 ESpf? ,aeYtxd
yg olYenf;olY[efeYJ aumif;wJt h csuf wJh vli,fawGu 21 &mcdkifEIef; pGpJ NJG rJNrJ upm;vmolawG&UJ oufwrf;
awG trsm;BuD;&Sdw,f/ jcm;em;csuf avmuf&Sdw,f/ u 9.5 ESpfvdkYtajzxGufw,f/
eJYywfoufNyD; owdro l ifw
h t
hJ csuf Ä uGeyf sLwm*dr;f awGrmS tqift h wef; (tar&duefrmS )
awGuawmh &Sd&Sd*drf;awGeJY tqifhtwef;jrifhjrifh Ä *drf;upm;olawG&JU 40 &mcdkifEIef;
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vufawGYr[kwb f ;l qdw
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64 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


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66 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


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a[mvd0k'f ½kyf&Siftvm; cHpm;&apr,fh cut scenesrsm;? ½kyf&SifxJrSm rlvtoH
sound tracks rsm;jzifh wefqmqifxm;ygw,f/ 'D*drf;rSm odyftm;aumif;wJh
'gqdk&ifvlwdkif;*drf;udk BudKufESpfouf force &Sdwm oHo,&Sdaep&m rvdkyg/
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xJa&mufoGm;olawG wyHkBuD;/

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f 67
2005 ckESpf
urÇmhtBuD;qHk;
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ESppf Ofusi;f yjrjJ zpfaom Consumer Electronics Show Mu;D udk


Las VegaswGif usi;f yjy;D pD;cJo h nf/ xdjk yyGMJ u;D onf CES
toGit f jyifxuf World Biggest Gadget Show tjzpf trnfay;
cH&onfh taetxm;rsKd ;txd gadgetstopftqef;rsm;pGm
jrifawGcU JMh u&onf/
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ukrP Ü MD u;D ESpcf u
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equipmentqdik &f m Home entertainment qkid &f m? 2. SONOS - DIGITAL MUSIC SYSTEM
MuKd ;rJph epfo;kH qdik &f mypön;f rsm; tjyif vlrt I oH;k taqmifypön;f rsm;xJrS Multi-room audio systemudk BuD;us,f
crf;em;pGm aqmif&Gufay;Ekdifrnfh controller
xl;xl;jcm;jcm; axGaxG&m&m ypönf;rsm;udk jrifawGU Mu&onf/
wpfckESifh receiverwpfckpD yg&Sdaom
tqdyk gjyyGJMu;D odYk wufa&mufoal ygi;f wpfoed ;f cGJausm&f cdS yJh gonf/ 'pf*spfw,fBudK;rhJ xdef;csKyfpepfjzpfonf/
yg0ifjyoxm;aom productsrsm;onf orm;½d;k us rdrd\ uGefysLwm (Mac odkYr[kwf PC) wGif
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toGiftjyiftjzpf yg&SdvmMuonf/ odkYtwGuf yHkpH'DZdkif; xl;jcm;rIomru
wGif zGifh,lem;qifEkdifaprnf/ tcef;rsm;pGm
ESprf sKd ;oH;k rsKd ;oH;k ypön;f rsm;tjzpf fraturesrsm;pGm wGif&Sdaeaom speakerrsm;okdY wpfae&m&mrS
xnfo h Gi;f xkwv f yk cf MJh uojzifh juiciest new gadgets xdef;csKyfjzefYcsday;um toHk;jyKEkdifygonf/
rsm;omjzpfaMumif; rSwcf sujf yKMuygonf/ ypön;f tcsKd o U nf wpfenf;tm;jzifh tBuD;pm; iPod BuD;
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d mG ;rnfh ypön;f trsm;tjym; yg0ifaeygonf/ aps;uGufwGif a':vm 1500 cefYjzifh
jzefYcsda&mif;csaeNyDjzpfonf/

70 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
2005 GADGETS
1. KODAK - EASYSHARE ONE
½kduful;&&Sdonfh yHkrsm;udk BudK;rsm; qufoG,f&ef
rvkdbJ BudK;rhJpepfjzifh tjcm;ae&mXmeokdY
wkduf½kdufrQa0ay;ykdYEdkifjcif;? yHkul;,lEkdifjcif;rsm;
aqmif&Guf,lEdkifonfh uifr&mjzpfonf/
¤if;ESifhtwl yg&Sdvmonfh Wi-Fi Card
av;udk xnhfjcif;jzifh tajccHtifwmeuf
toHk;csrIrsm;udk aqmif&GufvkyfudkifEkdifaponf/
¤if;wGif 3 x optical zoomyg&Sdvmum 3 vufrt&G,f&dS view finder
av; wyfqifay;xm;onf/ xkYdtjyif SD Cardtydk slot wpfckvnf;
ygao;onf/ ZGefvukefavmufwGif a':vm 650 cefYjzifh
TOP FIVE aps;EIef;owfrSwfum aps;uGufokdY pwif0ifa&mufEkdifygvdrhfrnf/
FOR
2005
3. ARCHOS - PMA
½kyf&Sifrsm;? aw;*DwoDcsif;rsm;? "mwfyHkrsm;udk
odrf;qnf;xm;u tcsdefra&G; ae&mra&G;
zGifhMunhfEkdif&ef pDpOfxm;&Sdaom ud&d,mav; jzpfonf/
¤if;wGif 30 GByrmPcefYtxd odkrSD;yrmP &Sdojzifh
tqkdyg½kyf&Sif? *Dw? "mwfyHk tajrmuftjrm;
o,f,loGm;Ekdifonf/ ¤if;wGif tifwmeuftoHk;jyK&ef
Wi-Fi pepfvnf; xnhfay;xm;ao;onf/ PDA rsm;uhJokdYvnf; vdyfpmrsm;? jyu©'defrsm;ESifh vkyfief;tpDtpOf
Z,m;rsm;xnfh xm;Ekdifonf/ tu,fí Linux aqmhzf0Jrsm;udk oD;jcm; install vkyf,lvkdyguvnf;
vkyf,lEkdifonf/ a':vm 950 jzifh aps;uGufwGif jzefYcsdNyD;jzpfaeygonf/

4. PHILIPS - WACS 700 WIRELESS AUDIO SYSTEM 5. ROBOSAPIEN - V2


tcef;aygif;rsm;pGmwGif hi-fi speakerrsm;qDokdY Wi-Fi pepfjzifh 2 aycefYtjrifh&Sdaom t½kyfuav;[k ajymEkdifonf/
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aw;*DwoDcsif;rsm;udkvnf; hard drivetwGi;f okYd BudKufovkd wpfckckudk &SmazG Munfh½IEkdifonf/ ypönf;wpfckckudk
xnfo h iG ;f ,lEidk o
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pDpOfxkwfvkyfxm;jcif;jzpf\/ arvukefrSpí aps;uGufwGif ypfaygufrIvnf; vkyfEkdifygao;onf/
a':vm 1700 jzifh pwifa&mif;csvsuf &Sdaeygonf/ ¤if;\ rlvpuf½kyfudk Robosapien
rdrdem;qifvkdaom aw;*Dwudk rdrda&muf&Sd&m tcef;wGif [k trnfay;xm;\/ ¤if;\
em;qifEkdifap&ef &nf&G,fí pDpOfxkwfvkyfchJjcif; jzpf\/ taygif;tazmf Roboraptor
ESifh Robopetrsm;jzifhvnf;
qufoG,fvIyf&Sm;
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avmufwGif a':vm 340 cefYjzifh
jzefYcsda&mif;cszG,f &Sdonf/

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f 71
2005 GADGETS
SONY-CYBER-SHOT
IMAGING DSC-T33
ypönf;rsm; Credit Cardt&G,ftpm;rQom&Sdaom
5 Megapixelt&nftaoG;&Sd
uifr&mav;jzpfonf/ 2.5
vufrt&G,f LCD display
av;wpfck yg&Sdonf/ tqkdyg screen
SAMSUNG-SC-X105 av;rSm aea&mifatmufrSmyif
t&G,ftpm; tvGefao;i,faom jrifawGUEkdifaom trsdK;tpm; jzpf\?
digital camcorderav;jzpfonf/ wefzkd;rSm a':vm 600 jzpfonf/
uifr&m\ uk, d x
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a':vm 1100 jzpfonf/
SONY-DCR-DVD 7
'DZkdif;opfjzifh sony rS
xkwfvkyfchJaom uifr&mjzpfonf/ KODAK - EASYSHARE
Still yHkrsm;? vIyf&Sm;yHkrsm; ESpfrsdK;vHk; PICTURE VIEWER
½kduful;,lEkdifonf/ yHkpHrSm 'pf*spfw,f uifr&mjzifh ½kduful;
ao;i,fi,f jym;csyfcsyf xm;&Sdaom yHkrsm;udk ppfaq;
jzpfaomfvnf; 10 x optical zoom Munhf½IEkdifaom ud&d,mav;jzpfonf/
yg&Sdonf/ owfrSwfwefzkd;rSm a':vm vdyfpmuwfjym; t&G,frQom&Sdí 2.5
1200 cefY jzpfonf/ vufrt&G,f display av; yg&Sd\/ SD
okdYr[kwf MMC Cardrsm;jzifh
Munfh½IEkdifrnfh tjyif built-in memory
vnf; yg&Sdonf/ owfrSwfa&mif;aps;rSm
255 a':vm jzpfonf/

SAMSUNG-DUOCAM SC-D 6550


rSefbDvl;ESpfvHk;wyf aemufqHk;xkwf
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LCD displayav;yg&SdNyD;
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3 x optical zoomvnf; wyfqif
½kduful;,lEkdifonf/ SD cardsESifh
memory stickESpfrsdK;vHk;
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a':vm 680 jzpf\/ toHk;jyKEkdifonf/
wefzkd;rSm a':vm 1350 jzpf\/

72 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
2005 GADGETS

PHILIPS - PSS 110


256 MB memoryom 0ifqr hH &I adS om
Super - compact MP3 boombox av;
jzpfonf/ FM tunnerESifh alam clockyg
xnhfay;xm;onf/ ZGefvqef;rSpí
aps;uGufwGif a':vm 260 cefYjzifh
wefzkd;owfrSwfa&mif;csay;rnf jzpf\/

MP3 Player
PANASONIC-SV-MP 720 V av;rsm; TOSHIBA - Gigabeat MEG -F40
vnfwkdifwGif qGJxm;Edkifaom 'DZkdif;jzpfonf/ ao;i,faom MP3 player
512 MB yrmPcefY&Sdum Munfvifjywfom;pGm av;[kom rSwfcsufcs&ef
FM vkdif;udk zrf;,lem;qifEkdifonf/ FM tunerrS roifhay/ taMumif;rSm 40
zrf;,lí MP3 okdYr[kwf WMAs Formatrsm;jzifh GB yrmP&Sdaom hard disk
odrf;qnf; em;qifEkdifonf/ yg0ifvmum 12 em&DMum
a&mif;aps;rSm a':vm 340 jzpfonf/ wpfqufwnf; toHk;jyK
Ekdifaom rechargeable
battery wyfqifxm;\/
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SAMSUNG-YP-T7
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ESifh JPEG filestm;vHk; vufcHEkdifonf/
nTef;qkdxm;onf/ 1 GB yrmPtxd MP3 musicrsm;udk
vnfyif;wGif qGJxm;&ef
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'DZkdif;jzifh zefwD;xm;onf/
'DZkdif;jzpfonf/ owfrSwfwefzkd;rSm a':vm 340 jzpfonf/
wefzkd;rSm a':vm 340 jzpfonf/

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f 73
2005 GADGETS

MOTOROLA-OJO
ELEKSEN- w,fvDzkef;taejzifh
JOYSTICK xkwfvkyfjcif;jzpfaomfvnf;
Bluetooth pepfoHk; LCD displaytBuD;pm;
joystick jzpfonf/ wpfck yg&Sdvmum
analogue sensorns ESifh tifwmeufudk broadband
NEXT - BK-AC switch rsm;udk toHk;csum
usef;rma&;avhusifhcef; vkyfEkdifouhJodkY *drf;vnf; jzifh oHk;Ekdifaomypönf;av;
vuf\tm½Hkjzifh jzpfonf/ ½kd;½kd;w,fvDzkef;
wpfNydKifeuf upm;Ekdif&ef wDxGifxm;aom xdef;csKyfEkdifaom
ud&d,mjzpfonf/ Force feedback semsors oHk;ckudk udk tifwmeufrSwpfqifh
sensorwyfqifxm;onf/ voice calljzifh
steering resistance ESifh udkufnDatmif jyKvkyfxm;onf/ wefzkd;rSm a':vm 70 cefY
wpfenf;tm;jzifh pufbD; NydKifyGJudk tdrfwGif; toHk;csEkdifrnf/
jzpfonf/ owfrSwfa&mif;aps;rSm
avhusifh,SOfNydKifEkdifaprnf[k rSwf,lEkdifonf/ tqkdyg
ud&d,mwpfpHkpm\ wefzkd;rSm a':vm 3000 jzpf\/ a':vm 1350 cefY
jzpfonf/
STRANGE
STUFF
ypönf;rsm;

FOSSIL - WRIST PDA


vufwGif ywfxm;Ekdifaom vufywfem&D
PDA av; jzpfonf/ ¤if;udk palm OS 4.1
jzifh run xm;onf/ 66 MHz processorudk EMAGIN - Z 800 3D VISOR
oHk;xm;NyD; 8 MB memoryyg&Sdonf/ oHk;zufjrif rsufrSefav;[k ac:qkdEkdifonf/ OLED displayESpfckudk
em&D'idk cf u
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touchscreenwyfqifxm;\/ 105 vufr t&G,ftpm;&Sd jrifuGif;us,fudk 12 aytuGmrS
owfrSwfa&mif;aps;rSm 430 a':vm Munhfae&ouhJodkY cHpm;Ekdifaprnf/
jzpfonf/ owfrSwfa&mif;aps;rSm a':vm 1500 cefY jzpfonf/

74 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
News>> CeBIT
CeBIT okrYd [kwf urÇmt
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*smreDEkdifiH Hanover rsKd ;jzifh jrif awGU Mu & onf/ roGm;ygu c&D;aygufEidk rf nf
wGif usif;yNyD;pD;chJaom Ce- rnfoYdkyifjzpfap tukepf v kH if r[kwaf y/ ¤if;tjyif jyyGv J m
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a&G;cs,0f ,f,pl &m notebook onf/ DVB-H ESifh DMB


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76 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvidk v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
CeBIT >>News

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DVD ESihf CD formats ESprf sK;d zwf Blu-ray drive


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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvidk v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f 77
News>> CeBIT
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78 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvidk v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
CeBIT >>News

Data storage film rsm; oufwrf; MumMum cHEidk af &;

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80 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvidk v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
News>> CeBIT
Bluetooth stereo pepf yGx
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82 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvidk v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
CeBIT >>News

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&v'fu ol\rdbESpyf g;uJo h Ykdyif tqpf xdkYaemuf tqdkyg rSefcsyfjym;i,fudk atmifjrif&rnf[laom pdwf"mwfjzifh
a&mifa&m*gudk cHpm;cJ&h onf/ ajcroef? qmvzm okwfvdrf;xm;aom Zifhjym; qufvuf vkyfudkifcJhonf/
vufroef jzpfum vrf;yif aumif;pGm ay:odYk wifvu kd Nf yD; qmvzgrsuEf mS jyif ol\ prf;oyfcsurf sm;udk taumif
ravQmufEdkifawmhyg/ ywf0ef;usifu udk vufuikd yf 0k gjzifh yGwv f u kd af omtcg txnf azmf&efEiS hf t&if;tED;S xkwaf y;
olYudk ]]odyÜH½l;}} [k Mobmay;Muonf/ tDvufx½dk pwyfwpfac: tDvufx&Gef rnfh ukrÜPDrsm;udkvnf; &SmazGcJh&ao;
onfMum;xJwGif olonf Dorris ESifh rIefrsm; vSKyf&Sm;ajymif;vJrI jzpfay:vm onf/ IBM ESifh General Electric
tdrfaxmifjyKcJhonf/ ol\ okawoe onf/ txufygtqifhrsm;udk tarSmif tygt0if ukrÜPD 20 odkY wifjycJhaomf
prf;oyfcef;i,fudk rD;zdkacsmifodkY ydkYcJh& cef;twGif;wGif jyKvkyfjcif;jzpfí rSefcsyf vnf; tqifrajycJhay/ 1944 ckESpfwGif
onf/ rD;zdkacsmifudk aumif;pGm roHk;& jym;i,fudk Zihfjym;ay:rS z,fxkwfum Columbus Ohio rS Battelle Me-
onfh ZeD;onfEiS hf pum;rsm;&jyefonf/ tvif;a&mif &d&S modYk xkw, f v l u kd o
f nf/ morial Institute ESihf qufo, G rf o
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odkYjzpfí prf;oyfcef;udk ol\ a,mu©r xdkYaemuf rSefcsyfjym;ay:odkY lycopo- ¤if; Battelle Development tzGJU
jzpfol\ tvSjyifqdkif aemufbufodkY dium rIeYf rsm; jzL;vdu k Nf yD; rMumrD trIef tpnf;onf tusdK;tjrwfudk rarQmfudk;
a&TU&jyefonf/ rsm;udk cgxkwfvdkufonf/ xdkYaemuf onfh tzGUJ tpnf;wpfck jzpfonf/ Car-
ol\ vkyfief;rsm;udk tultnD & rSefcsyfjym;udk za,mif;okwfvdrf;xm; lson \ wDxi G rf rI sm;udk pdw0f ifpm;onfh
ap&ef *smref odyyHÜ nm&Sif Otto Kornei aom puúLay:odkY wifvdkufNyD; tyl wpfckwnf;aom vkyfief;tzGJUtpnf;
udk ac:,lcJhonf/ 1938 ckESpf? atmuf tenf;i,fay;vdu k af omtcg puúLwGif vnf; jzpfonf/ ¤if;rS Carlson \
wdkbmv 22 &ufaeYwGif jzpfonf/ ol rdwåLaumfyDtjzpf pmvHk;rsm; xif[yfcJh prf;oyfrIrsm;twGuf wm0ef,lcJhonf/

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wl? rdwåL trsm;tjym;udk yGm;,ljyKvkyf 1964 ckESpf\ wDxGifol ESifh Horatio
ay;onfh enf;ynmjzpfonf/ Xero- Alger Award qkrsm; yg0ifygonf/
graphy [laom pum;vHk;onf *&d
bmomrS qif;oufvmonf/ Xeros 9 _14 vufr t&G,ftpm;txd rdwåL Xerox uk r Ü P D
onf ]]ajcmufaoGUjcif;}} jzpfí graphos ul;,lEdkifonf/ ¤if;onfyif yxrqHk; Xerox [k rac:MurDu tqdkyg
onf ]]a&;om;jcif;}} udk qdkvdkygonf/ aom rdwåLul;puf jzpfonf/ ukrP Ü \ D trnfrmS Haloid Company
odYk jzpfí ukrP
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[k trnfajymif;cJhonf/ 1949 ckESpf twGuf a':vm oef; 150 &cJyh gonf/ e,l;a,mufNrdKUwGif tajcpdkufí rlvu
wGif tqdyk g ukrP Ü rD S xerography enf; ¤if;rS a':vm oef; 100 udk qif;&J "mwfyHkul;puúLrsm; xkwfvkyfaeaom
ynmudk toHk;jyKxm;aom XeroX EGrf;yg;olrsm;twGuf vSL'gef;cJhonf/ ukrP Ü D wpfck jzpfonf/ 1958 ckEpS w
f iG f
Copier Model A udk rdwfquf xkwf olYukd ausmcdik ;f oGm;cJo
h nfh vkyaf zmfuikd f ukrPÜ u D kd Haloid Xerox Inc [k trnf
vkyfcJhonf/ 1959 ckESpfwGif urÇmh zuf Otto Kornei udkvnf; &S,f,m ajymif;cJhí 1961 ckESpfwGif Xerox
yxrqHk;aom pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;oHk; tcsdKUt0ufudk ay;cJhonf/ 1968 ckESpf Corporation [k ajymif;vJ ac:wGifcJh
rdwåLul;puf Xerox 914 udk xkwfvkyf pufwifbm 19 &ufaeYwGif Carlson ygonf/
cJhonf/ ¤if;onf rl&if;pm&Gufrsm;udk onf vrf;avQmufaepOf vJusoGm;cJh Ref: The Straits Times

Mouse For Kidz

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[k qdkygonf/ tqdkyg ppfwrf; olaumif;pGm em;vnfaeNyD[k qdk ,lcJhNyD; jzpfonf/
aumuf,lonfh 7 OD;rS 4 OD;aom ygonf/ oufBuD;&G,t f rkd sm;tae ,ck ol\ toufonf 77
oufBuD;&G,t f w
kd Ykd u tifwmeuf jzifh tifwmeufwGif rnfodkYaom ESpf &dScJhNyD;jzpfí ajr;rav;jzpfol
wGif 0ufbfqdkufrsm;udk rnfodkY 0ufbfqdkufrsm;onf olwdkY\ Callie udk uGefysLwmwGif yHkqGJ
zGifh&rnf? &Sm&rnfudk odvdkMu ajr;i,frsm;twGuf roifhawmf jcif;ESifh tD;vfar;rsm; ay;ydkYenf;
onf/ b,fvdkcvkwfawGudk EdSyf aMumif;udk odxm;oifhonf/ ¤if; udk oifMum;ay;&ef olYwGif tdkif
vQif rnfonfh 0ufbfqdkufrsm; tcsuo f nfyif uav;rsm;twGuf wDenf;ynmqdkif&m uRrf;usifrI
udk ydwfxm;EdkifaMumif;udkvnf; tultnDwpfck jzpfygonf/ ajr; rsm;vnf; jynfh0aeNyD[k qdkyg
odvdkMuygonf[k Com-puter 5 OD;\ tzGm;jzpfol Rose Leong onf/
Times udk ar;vmMuygonf/ u ]]tif w meuf t aMumif ; eJ Y ]]uRefawmfh ajr;ruav;u
tb,faMumifhqdkaomf olwdkYajr; 0ufbq f u kd af wG&UJ taMumif;udk vl touf &SpfESpf &dSygNyD/ 'gayr,fh
rsm;twGuf oifhawmfrnfh 0ufbf BuD;rsm;u odxm;oifyh gw,f}}[k uGeyf sLwmtaMumif;udak wmh tawmf
qdkufrsm;udk a&G;cs,fay;vdkí jzpf qdyk gonf/ touf 75 ESpt f &G,f av; odaeygw,f}}[k tzd;k jzpfol
onf/ tzdk;tdk DavidTanu ol\ ajr; u qdkygonf/ ]]'Dawmh tdkifwD
touf 65 ESpft&G,f &dSae rsm;ESifh uGefysLwmwGif wpfpHk enf;ynmawGukd uReaf wmfrwwf
onfh Chong Seng Choyurl wpf&mvkyaf e&onfrmS olYtwGuf vdkY rjzpfawmhbl;qdkwm odvdkuf

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvidk v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f 103
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
&ygw,f/ 'grS uRefawmfah jr;av;
udk oif ay; Edkif rSm yg}} [k vnf;
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tzd;k Hoon\ om;jzpfoEl iS hf
acR;rjzpfolwdkYuvnf; uGefysL
wmwGif 0goemygonf[k qdk
onf/ odkYaomf olwdkYESpfOD;onf
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tvGefenf;Muonf/ ajr;jzpfol
Callie ESifh tzdk;jzpfol Hoon wdkY
ESpfOD;om tawGUrsm;Muonf/
uGefysLwmjzifh *drf;upm;Mujcif;
odkYr[kwf tzdk;jzpfolu tdkifwD
enf;ynmrsm;udk oifMum;ay;jcif;
jzifh tcsdefukefcJhMuonf/ tzdk;
Hoon u wpfywfvQif wpfBudrf
RSVP wGif tazmfrsm;ESifh qHkjzpf Mum;ay;&ef rav;&Sm;EdkifiHwGif qufvufí tvkyfvkyfudkif&ef
onf/ ]]tifwmeufrSm b,fvdk tpDtpOfrsm;pGm &dSaeNyD[k qdkyg qE´ &dSaeMuonf/ odkYaomfvnf;
topftqef;awG xGufw,fqdk onf/ uGefysLwmESifh tdkifwD enf;ynm
wm&,f? 0ufbq f ukd af wGrmS bmawG rav;&Sm;EdkifiH&dS oufBuD; rsm;udk rwwfajrmufMuí ukrP Ü D
awGU&w,f qdkwmawGudk ajymMu &G,ftdk 1.8 oef;ausmfonf uGef rsm;u olwdkYudk rnfonfhae&m
ygw,f}} [k Hoonu qdyk gonf/ ysLwmESifh tdkifwDenf;ynmrsm;udk rsm;wGif cefYxm;&rnfudk pOf;pm;
]]rdom;pk 0ufbfydwfcsfwpfckudk oif,lEdkifMurnfh tcGifhta&;rsm; & cufaeMuonf[k qdkygonf/
b,fvakd &;&r,fqw kd m oifcsiyf g &&dSaeMuNyD[kqdkygonf/ tqdkyg wpfenf;tm;jzifh acwfESifhtnD
w,f/ uRefawmfwdkY&JU rdom;pk tpDtpOfrsm;udk National Coun- ay:xGufvmonfh enf;ynmrsm;
rSww f rf;awG? "mwfyakH wGeYJayghAsm}} cil of Senior Citizens Organi- ESifh ywfoufí oufBuD;&G,ftdk
[k tzd;k Hoonu pdw"f gwf wuf sations Malaysia (Nacscom) rsm;tm; aemufcsefxm;í r&
<upGmjzifh ajymvdkufygonf/ rS aqmif&Gufjcif;jzpfí ¤if;tzGJU aMumif;udk jyqdkygonf/
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trsm;pkonf uGefysLwmESifh tdkif udk;onfh vlrI0efxrf;tzGJUtpnf; EdkifiHrsm;enf;wl oufBuD;&G,ftdk
wD enf;ynmrsm;udk oif,lMu wpfckvnf; jzpfonf/ ,cktcg rsm;tay:wGif *½kpdkufonfh EdkifiH
jcif; jzpfonf[k Retired and EdkifiHt0ef;wGif tifwmeuf csdwf wpfEikd if H jzpfonf/ 2000 jynfEh pS f
Senior Volunteer Programme qufxm;aom uGefysLwm A[kd oef;aumifpm&if; aumuf,&l &drS I
(RSVP)tpDtpOfu qdy k gonf/ Xmeaygif; 10 ckudk wnfaxmif t& 65 ESpfESifhtxuf oufBuD;
rav;&Sm;EdkifiHrS owif;wpfyk'f xm;NyD; jzpfonf/ oufBuD;&G,t f kd &G,ftdkOD;a&onf vlOD;a&tm;vHk;
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104 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvidk v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
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wGif Munfh½Iapmifha&SmufMu &yg twGuf vkyfief;cGifrsm;wGif oifh ESpfckcGJjcm;um oifMum;ay;yg
onf/ ¤if;wGif uGefysLwmESifh awmfaom ae&monf uGefysLwm onf/ oifwef;qif;vQifvnf;
tdkifwD enf;ynm&yfrsm;udk oif ESifh tdkifwDenf;ynmrsm;udk toHk; owfrSwfxm;aom vufrSwfrsm;
Mum;ay;jcif;onfvnf; u@ jyK&onfh &mxl;rsdK;om jzpfonf/ udk xkwfay;ygonf/vkyfief;cGif
wpf&yf jzpfonf/ txl;ojzifh tNidrf;pm;0efxrf; 0ifa&mufvo kd rl sm;twGuf tqif
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t0if jzpfonf/ tpdk;& r[kwf onf/ rnfodkYyifjzpfap oifwef; &yfrSm tifwmeufwGif 0ufbf
aom tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;\ yHyh ;kd ulnD om;tm;vH;k \ 80 &mcdik Ef eI ;f onf qdkufrsm;udk zGifhíMunfhMujcif;
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wGif wpfywfvQif oifwef;om; oifwef;wGif rdkufu½dkaqmhzf\ rav;&Sm;EdkifiH? qDvefaig
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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvidk v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f 105
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
pH jy t jzpf a&G; cs,f cH & aom BuD;wJt
h csuf jzpfygw,f}}[k Nu- oifwef;wufawmh wpfywftMum
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olronfvnf; tygt0ifjzpfcJh jzpfol Zulkarnain Shaariu tawmfvG,fwmbJvdkY odcJh&yg
onf / ol r onf rav;&S m ; vnf; olonfueG yf sLwmudk vH;k 0 w,f/ tck tD;vfar;awGvnf;
bmompum;jzifh azmfjyEdkifonfh pdwfr0ifpm;cJhyg[k qdkygonf/ aumif;aumif; ydkYwwfaeygNyD/
WindowsXP Starter Edition ]]uGefysLwmudk toHk;cszdkY&m awmf aemuf uae'grSm&dSwJh uRefr&JU
xnfhoGif;xm;onfh wpfudk,fa& awmfcufr,fvYkd xifxm;cJyh gw,f/ ta':eJYvnf; tGefvdkif;rSm pum;
oHk; uGefysLwmwpfvHk;udk vuf wu,fwrf; BudK;pm;oif,Ml unfh ajymwwfaeygNyD}}[k olru qdyk g
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ynm&yfrsm;udk pwif avhvmcJh qdkwmvnf; 'Davmuf r[kwfyg wJh owif;tcsuftvufawGudk
aom Nurul onf ,cktcg uGef bl;}} [k Zulkarnain u qdkyg &SmazG&wm tawmf tqifajyyg
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em;vnfaeNyD[k qdkygonf/ tNidr;f pm; q&mrwpfO;D jzpf wmeufwGif usef;rma&;ESifh ywf
uGef ysL wm qdk onf rSm ol Marcia Goh uvnf; olr oufonfh owif;tcsuftvuf
bmrSef; rodcJhonfh tajctaerS onf uGefysLwmynm&yfrsm;udk rsm;udk pkaqmif;avh &dSonf[k
pchJonfh olronf tifwmeuf oif,l&ef tawmfaMumufcJhonf qdkygonf/
wGif rnfonfh 0ufbfqdkufrsm;u [kqykd gonf/ tckawmh olronf uGmvmvefyNl rdKUrS Khalijah
aumif;onf? qd;k onfuykd if cGjJ cm; uGefysLwmudk yHkrSeftoHk;csaeol Abu Bakaruvnf; uGefysLwm
a&G;cs,Ef ikd af e NyD jzpfonf/ ]]rdcif? wpfOD; jzpfaeygNyD/ ]]uRefr t&if eJY tdik w
f eD nf;ynmawGu vlom;
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udk od&dSem;vnfxm;zdkY&m ta&; t awmf aMumuf cJh wm yg/ tJ tyHhrsm; jzpfapygw,f[k qdkyg
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qdkygawmh/ oDcsif;wpfyk'f qHk;oGm;awmh tJ'D media player0if;'dk;pfudk ygbl;}} [k olru qdv k mygonf/
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106 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvidk v


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SOFTWARE REVIEW

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,ck Acrobat 7.0 udk xkwf &SmazGEdkifonf/ zdkiftrsdK;tpm;rsm;pGmudk 5/ PDF zdkifrsm;udk &SmazG&
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f ? 2005 ckEpS f 107
SOFTWARE REVIEW
jzifh 2.15MB &do S nfh Micro- Conference Registration,
soft Word \ zdkifwpfzdkifudk Customer Satisfaction
PDF zdkiftjzpf ajymif;vdkuf Survey wdkY jzpfMuygonf/
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onf/ Oyrm print xkwfí oGif;Edkifonf/ xdkyHkpHrsm;udk Request, Invoice, Inter- 369.95 jzpfonf/ tao;
r&jcif;? aumfyDul;í r& ,cifu vHk;0toHk;rjyKzl;ol office Memorandum, In- pdwfudk www.adobe.com
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f ? 2005 ckEpS f
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SARDWARE
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TRIPLE GRAPHIC MOTHERBOARD LOW COST GRAPHIC CARD

SPARKLE GEFORCE 6200 TC

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Muygw,f/ tJ'DtxJu Intel tajccH 915-A [m dual &JU graphic card [m memory udk cGJa0rQoHk;whJ enf;ynm
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f ? 2005 ckEpS f 109
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

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110 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


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uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f 119
ART OF GAME

REVIEW
121 Aliean Versus Predator 2

PREVIEW
124 Matrix: The Path of Neo
125 House Of The Dead
126 Batman Brgins

NEWS
128 Rumours Confirmed

HARDWARE
129 BLU-ray Vs HD DVD

SPECIAL REPORT
132 Playstation 3 Vs Xbox 360
Head to Head

TECHNOLOGY
134 The Next Age Of Game
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144 Grand Theft Auto

120 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
(REVIEW) ART OF GAME

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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f 121
ART OF GAME (REVIEW)

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ud k a&muf a tmif oG m ;yg/ 'D a'gifvkduf tvsm;vkduf vTJEkdifwhJ whJ medicompawG? view mode
taumifudk rdatmifvkdufzrf;/ vSHwH&Snf jzpfygw,f/ aemuf av;rsdK;? energy jznhfay;r,fh
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122 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
(REVIEW) ART OF GAME

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f ? 2005 ckEpS f 123
ART OF GAME (PREVIEW)

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tNyD; aemufqufwGJ sequeleJY b,forl S Naobi eJY Glrost udk wdik fjyefvnfa&;om;xm;ygw,f/
*dr;f awGqufxu G v f mMuygw,f/ *½kpu kd rf aeMuyg/ ab;xGuZf mwf ½kyf&SifxJu eD,dkvkyfwm rSeforQ
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xifoavmuf rpGHyg/ taMumif; uyJ upm;csifwm/ eD,t kd jzpf 0if armzD;,yfpx f rH S cell phoneygwJh
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124 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
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ajcuefckefxGufNyD; wdkufcdkufjcif; wdkufacgifrdk; tjrifhrsm;Mum; ckef "You're the one Neo."
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REVIEW : HOUSE OF THE DEAD III
SegarS arcade*drf;rsm;udk PC ay:odkY ul;ajymif; wnf;yJ tajymif;tvJr&Sd yg0ifygw,f/ olYukd u,fwif&if
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20 Mum tjzpftysufudk tajcwnfxm;ygw,f/ EFI okaw [dek m;'Dem;rSm cut scenesrsm; Mum;n§yí f ,ckvkd jzpfae&jcif;
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f ? 2005 ckEpS f 125
ART OF GAME (PREVIEW)

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126 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
(PREVIEW) ART OF GAME

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w,f/ acgifrdk;awGudk grappling pulse rateu ta&;ygrI pm&if;ü ttHkawGudk particle effectawG
gum eJY wG,fcsdwfqGJwufEdkifum xdyrf mS &Sad Mumif; owdxm;rdvmyg oHk;NyD; ½kyf vHk; azmf ay; yg w,f/
&efoUl aemufudk toHrxGuaf tmif vdrfhr,f/ tJ'D pulse rate[m ,aeYxd &SdcJhorQ Batman *drf;
avQmqif;Edkifygw,f/ &efoludk oif&h UJ t&Sed t f 0gu olwYkd&UJ &ifrmS awGxJ rl&if;udk opöm&Spd mG jzifh yDjyif
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RECENT TOP 10 GAME Edik &f rSm jzpfygw,f/ csed uf ukd f vIyf
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Rank T i t l e Platform
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1. Forza Motorsport XBOX 0ifpm;zG,f upm;uGuaf wG azmfEikd f
4. Knights of Honor PC ygw,f/ t&m0w¬KawG wkefwkef
5. Area 51 XBOX
6. Stella Deus PS2 awmifawmif vJNydKusapNyD; toH
7. Pac-Pix DS jzifh ajcmufveS Yf NyD;rS crf;em;pGmjzifh
8. Laser Squad Nemesis PC bGm;ueJ vlvHk;rjycif olwdkY&JU
9. Pariah XBOX ylyef aMumifhMurI wkd;vmatmif
10. Enthusia Pro Racing PS2 vkyEf ikd yf gw,f/ Bat man utiliry

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f 127
ART OF GAME (NEWS)

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u@rSm Rumour Control r*¾Zif;&JU tzHk;rSm Xbox BuD;awGtwl ,SOfwGJawGY& pxm;NyD; Solid Snakeu
owif;ESpyf 'k af zmfjycJyh gw,f/ 360 udkifxm;wJh *dwf&JU yHkeJU wmu tjcm;udpw ö pfck t"du Zmwfaumiftjzpf
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128 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
(HARDWARE) ART OF GAME

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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f 129
ART OF GAME (HARDWARE)

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aom ½kdufcwfrI &Sdygw,f/ CD Budrf þokdY avqmwef;&JUt&G,f jcpf&m yGe;f &mrSumuG,&f ef tvTm
playerawGu vdIif;tvsm; 780 udk avQmhcsypfEkdifjcif;[m lands yg;av;eJYom zHk;tkyfay;ygw,f/
emEkrd w D m&Sw d Jh teDa&mifavqmudk eJY pits awG trsm;BuD; ydkíqhHvm Data layereJY playback
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130 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
(HARDWARE) ART OF GAME

avSmifprG ;f tm;eJYyJ auseyfaeEkid yf g high-def DVD formateJY t"du rsdK;wnf;aom formatudk twnf
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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f 131
ART OF GAME (SPECIAL REPORT)

PLAYSTATION 3 VS XBOX 360 HEAD TO HEAD

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132 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
(SPECIAL REPORT) ART OF GAME

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f ? 2005 ckEpS f 133
ART OF GAME (TECHNOLOGY)

THE NEXT AGES OF GAME DEVELOPMENT (2)


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134 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
(TECHNOLOGY) ART OF GAME

qufwJG xkwu f ek rf sm;twGuf *drf;\aemufqufwGJ con-


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f ? 2005 ckEpS f 135
ART OF GAME (TECHNOLORY)

rnfh t&mrsm;udk xyfwkd;ay; wmeuf tajcjyKjzefYa0rIESifh


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136 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


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(GAME GUIDE) ART OF GAME

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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f 137
ART OF GAME (GAME GUIDE)

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f ? 2005 ckEpS f
(GAME GUIDE) ART OF GAME

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Rank T i t l e Platform
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3. GTA: San Andreas PC
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10. Metal Gear Solid 4 PS3 &r,fh weight platformukd awGU aumif;w,faemh/

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f 139
ART OF GAME (GAME GUIDE)

GENERAL udk 10 rdepftwGi;f tNy;D wdu


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COMMAND AND CONQUER GENERAL ( THE LAST STAND )

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R.T.S (Real Time Strategy) Game xJrmS awmh taumif;qH;k 1. Commander Centeruae Repair drone(2)pD;xkw/f
eD;yg;vdUk qdv
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taotcsmvkyfxm;ygw,f/ &efukefNrdKU&JU Strategy Game Step 1
awGudk vTrf;rdk;xm;wJh Gamewpfckyg/ LAN (Local Area
Network Game)awGxJrSm vlBudKuftrsm;qHk;vdkU qdkvdk&yg
w,f/ C & C u EA Gameuyg/ ,ckaemufq;kH The Last
Stand u C & C Zero hour ukd Updatevkyx f m;wmjzpf
wJhtwGuf Game EnginerSm tm;enf;csufav;awG &Sdyg
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base2 ckaqmufyg/ (ypfcwfEi kd o
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140 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
(GAME GUIDE) ART OF GAME

1. Loading ywfaewkef; ]] D }} Key wpfcsufESdyfyg/


2. Map ay:vmygu Dozer (1) udk &efolUpcef;teD;odkU ydkU
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&&Sdrnf jzpfygonf/

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4 Player Maprsm;wGif prf;oyfMunfhEdkifygonf/ &efoludk tEdkifwkdufyg/

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AI Hard - army

4. Tunnel Network 1 ck NyD;pD;wdkif; Rocket Soldier2


a,muf yg&Sdygonf/ E.M.P Rocket Soldierrsm; ypf

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f 141
ART OF GAME (GAME GUIDE)

cwfaom R.P.Grsm;onf Flame rsm; yg&SdaomaMumifh


&efolUSoldier (ppfom;rsm;)? Tanks (wifhum;rsm;)ESifh
Building rsm;udk ypfcwf&mwGif taumif;qHk; jzpfonf/

Step 3

aMumifh &efolUwifhum;rsm;ESifh ppfom;rsm; rdrd Tunnel


Network rsm;ESifh Rocket teD;odkU ruyfEdkifyg/

Step 4

G.L.A to Sadder Hussein


1. CommanderrS Work 5 a,mufxkwf? Work 1
a,mufukd baserSm barrackaqmufyg/ useaf om Work
rsm;udk &efolYpcef;odkYydkYyg/

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Tunnel Network aqmufyg/ Tunnel Network rSm ajyacsmarGUNyD;? aysmfp&maumif;aom Gamewpfcu k kd prf;oyf
ypfcwfonhf tcsdwf&nfyljzpfaomaMumifh E.M.P Rock MunfhoihfygaMumif; tBuHjyKtyfygw,f/
Soldier rSxGufaom rD;rsm;uJhodkU Toxic rsm; ysHUESHYaom Written by Spid3

142 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvikd v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
(CHEATS) ART OF GAME

on the Go Karts
· Michael
Schumacher — Works the
same as Damon Hill, but a
little faster (and NO you
can’t race Damon and
Michael!)
· Mr Bean — Will
drive VERY slowly on the
Go Karts
Hint: Raise And Lower
Levels
To raise your scenery just
press the SHIFT key and
you should be able to drag
your scenery up or down.
Submitted by - mikecoolguy
Hint: Money Making
Technique
Raise the prices of all the
ROLLER COASTER TYCOON CHEATS rides in your park to their
excitement rating. For
example if the excitement
Hint: Multiple Cheats Enter John Mace as a rating is 8.27 you should
You can have more than patron’s name and he will charge them $8.30. (Round
one person with the same pay double for everyhing. up) Guests will never think
name by changing the Submitted by - Dan you ride is too expensive.
capitalization of the name’s Cheat List NOTE: This trick wont
letters. Example: There can Rename a guest with the work for certain rides such
be four Chris Sawyers in name as noted below to get as cinemas or dodgems so
your park if one is named the desired result. you should either demolish
Chris Sawyerand the others · Chris Sawyer — Will take them or lower the cost 10-50
chris sawyer,CHRIS pictures of your rides cents. Make sure that all
SAWYER , andcHrIs · Simon Foster — your rides have been re-
SaWyEr. Will paint pictures of your priced this way or guests
More Name Calling rides will only go on that ride.
Rename your guests for · Melanie Warn — Submitted by - RAGE
some more non-sequitur Increases the guest to Hint: Keep People In The
remarks. completely happy Park
· Katie Brayshaw — If you put a sign saying no
Andy Hine- Has gibberish Will wave to everyone she entry, on the other side of
after getting off a ride. meets the entry no people can get
· John Wardley — out but people can enter the
David Ellis - Has gibberish Says “Wow!” when he sees park.
before getting on a ride. (or is on) a good coaster Submitted by - dumbas
Submitted by - Davo · Damon Hill —
John Mace Races around twice as fast

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f ? 2005 ckEpS f 143
ART OF GAME (CHEATS)

GRAND THEFT AUTOCHEAT CODES pons: During gameplay


press R2, R1, X, Triangle,
Aggressive Traffic: X, Triangle, Up and Down.
During gameplay press R2, Perfect Handling:During
Circle, R1, L2, Left, R1, L1, gameplay press Triangle,
R2 and L2. R1, R1, Left, R1, L1, R2 and
BlackTraffic: D u r i n g L1.
gameplay press Circle, L2, Pink Traffic: During game-
Up, R1, Left, X, R1, L1, Left play press Circle, L1, Down,
and Circle. L2, Left, X, R1, L1, Right
Blow Up All Cars: During and Circle.
gameplay press R2, L2, R1, Rainy Weather:During
L1, L2, R2, Square, Triangle, gameplay press R2, X, L1,
Circle, Triangle, L2 and L1. L1, L2, L2, L2 and Circle.
This will make all of the Slower Gameplay: During
surrounding cars explode. gameplay press Triangle,
DriveOnWater: During game Up, Right, Down, Square,
play press Right, R2, Circle, R2 and R1.
R1, L2, Square, R1 and R2. gameplay press R1, Circle, Sunny Weather:During
Faster Cars: During game- R2, Right, L1, L2, X, X, gameplay press R2, X, L1,
play press Right, R1, Up, L2, Square and R1. L1, L2, L2, L2 and Square.
L2, Left, R1, L1, R1 and R1. GetHotringRacer2: During Wanted Level Down:
Faster Clock: During game- gameplay press R2, L1, During gameplay press R1,
play press Circle, Circle, L1, Circle, Right, L1, R1, Right, R1, Circle, R2, Up, Down,
Square, L1, Square, Square, Up, Circle and R2. Up, Down, Up and Down.
Square, L1, Triangle, Circle Get Ranger: During game- Wanted Level Up:During
and Triangle. play press Up, Right, Right, gameplay press R1, R1,
Faster Gameplay:D uring L1, Right, Up, Square and Circle, R2, Left, Right, Left,
gameplay press Triangle, L2. Right, Left and Right.
Up, Square, Square, L2, L1 Get Romero:During game- Weapon Set1(Bat, Pistol,
and Square. play press Down, R2, Shotgun, Mini SMG, AK
Foggy Weather:During Down, R1, L2, Left, R1, L1, 47, Rocket Launcher, Mo-
gameplay press R2, X, L1, Left and Right. lotov Cocktail, Spray
L1, L2, L2, L2 and X. Get Stretch:During game- Can, Brass Knuckles):
Full Health, Full Armour play press R2, Up, L2, Left, During gameplay press R1,
and $250,000:During Left, R1, L1, Circle and R2, L1, R2, Left, Down,
gameplay press R1, R2, L1, Right. Right, Up, Left, Down,
X, Left, Down, Right, Up, Get Trashmaster:During Right and Up.
Left, Down, Right and Up. gameplay press Circle, R1, WeaponSet2(Knife,Pistol,
Get Bloodring Racer: Circle, R1, Left, Left, R1, L1, Sawn-off Shot-gun, Tec
During gameplay press Circle and Right. 9, Sniper Rifle, Flame-
Down, R1, Circle, L2, L2, X, Get Rhino Tank:During thrower, Gr enades, Fire
R1, L1, Left and Left. gameplay press Circle, Extinguisher):
Get Caddy:During game- Circle, L1, Circle, Circle, During gameplay press R1,
play Press Circle, L1, Up, R1, Circle, L1, L2, R1, Triangle, R2, L1, R2, Left, Down,
L2, X, R1, L1, Circle and X. Circle and Triangle. Right, Up, Left, Down,
GetHotringRacer1: During Pedestrians Have Wea- Down and Left.

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f ? 2005 ckEpS f
BACKUP>> SOFTWARE HEAD-TO-HEAD

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aqmif&Guf&ygawmhrnf/
rnfonfh &nf&G,fcsufESifh rnfodkYaom aqmhzf0J rdu
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Iomega Zip drive
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wyfxm;wmvm;/
PC ac: wpfOD;csif;oHk; uGefysLwmrsm; ay:
TapeeJY backup udk tqifoifh xnfhay;xm;onf/ Control
aygufvmaomtcg backup[laom pum;vHk; Panel- Scheduled Task-Backup wGif awGUEdik f
vkyfcsifwmvm;/
udk oH;k vmMujyefonf/ odYkwikd f ¤if;udpu ö kd tav; ygonf/ oD;jcm; backup aqmhzf0Jrsm;vnf;
tJ'Dvkd rD'D,m
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aumif;aumif;wpfck
aysmufukefawmhonf/ pD'DtcsyfvGwfrsm; aps; uGefysLwmorm;rsm; a&G;cs,fEdkif&ef prf;oyfí
awmh vkdaeygNyD
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ul;,l odrf;qnf;jyefonf/ wdusaom rSwfwrf; rsm;udk prf;oyf&mwGif Pentium 4-3GHz pro-
rSwf&m rxm;ojzifh rnfonfh zdkifrsm;onf cessor,504MB of RAM, 56GB hard disk
rnfonfh pD'DwGif &dSonfudk rodawmhyg/ ydkí drive ESifh WinsXP pepfoHk; uGefysLwm trsdK;
tpm;udk toHk;jyKxm;ygonf/

Backup Manager Home Edition 5.0


Genie-Soft\ aqmhzf0Jwpfck jzpfonf/
aqmhzf0J\ vrf;ñTefo½kyfjy azmfjycsufrsm;u
&Sif;vif;vG,fulí vkyfief;pOfrsm;udk wpfqifhNyD;
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0if;'dk;pf jrifuGif;abmiftwGif;rS back-up icon
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vkyif ef;pOfwpfcu k kd jyKvkyaf y;ygvdrrhf nf/ Back-
up topfjyKvkyfjcif;ESifh jyKvkyfxm;NyD;aom
backupvkyfief;udk jyifqifjcif;rsm; yg0ifonf/

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvidk v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f 145
SOFTWARE HEAD-TO-HEAD>> BACKUP

oifhtaeESifh backup vkyfief;pOf\ trnfudk rnf jzpfonf/ ta&;BuD;aom tcsuftvufrsm;


ay;í backupjyKvkyfxm;rnfh odkavSmifypönf; udk vQKd U0Supf mvH;k rsm;tjzpfajymif;ay;jcif;? ysupf ;D
\trsdK;tpm;udk azmfjy&efESifh backup jyKvkyf aeaom zdik rf sm;udk xkwyf ,fay;jcif; ponfwYkd ukd
rnfh zdkif odkYr[kwf taMumif;t&mwdkYudk a&G;cs,f vnf; aqmif&Gufay;Edkifonf/
&ef jzpfonf/ tqdkyg backup jyKvkyfxm; ¤if; Backup Manager Homeaqmhzf0J
aomzdkif odkYr[kwf taMumif;t&mwdkYudk ¤if; onf yHkrSef backup vkyfief; jyKvkyfvdkolrsm;
Genie-Soft\ aqmhzf0Jr&dSaom tjcm;uGefysL twGuf oifhawmfygvdrfhrnf/ wpfenf;tm;jzifh
wmwpfvHk;wGif jyefvnf azmfxkwfay;Edkifonf/ ud,k yf ikd t
f rd o
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om;p&mtcsuf(tips) rsm;udkvnf; azmfjyay;ae ESifh csdwfqufxm;aom hard disk, floppy
onf/ txl;ojzifh tultnDjyK vrf;ñTef &Sif; diskettes, ZIP disks, tape, recordable/re-
vif;csufrsm; aumif;rGefonfudk awGU&ygonf/ writable CDs, DVDs, local area network
¤if; backupzdkifrsm;udk jyefvnf azmfxkwf drives, remote file transfer protocol
ay;onfh (restoration)vkyfief;uvnf; tvGef (locations)ponfypön;f rsm;ESiv
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taMumif;t&mwdkYudk a&G;cs,fum rnfonfhae&m onf/ Backup Manager HE versiononf 5
wGif jyefvnfazmfxkwfrnf? wpfzdkifcsif;vm;? zdkif Windows NT, 2000/ XPrsm;twGuf jzpfonf/
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owfrw S xf m;onfh tcsed tf wdik ;f twm wpfcw
k iG f tcay;í 0,f,l&onfh versionvdk tqifrajy
backup vkyfief;udk tvdktavsmuf jyKvkyfay; onfudk awGU&ygonf/

aqmhzf0JtrsdK;tpm; aps;EIef; uk r Ü P D qufoG,f&ef


Backup Manager a':vm 49.95 <D> Genie-Soft sales@geniesoft.com
Home Edition 5.0 a':vm 64.90 <P> www.genie-soft.com
BackUp MyPC a':vm 99.99 <D> Sonic Solutions (888) 766-4248, (415) 893-8000
Deluxe 6.0 a':vm 109.34<P> www.sonic.com/products
Backup NOW! a':vm 69.99 <D> NTI (949) 421-0720
4.0 Deluxe Suite a':vm 79.99 <P> NewTech Infosystems www
.ntius.com
ShadowBack a':vm 59.95 <D> Warm and Fuzzy Logic (800) 685-8110
a':vm 69.95 <P> www.warmandfuzzylogic.com
<D> = Download <P> = Packaged

aqmh z f 0 J t rsd K ;tpm; aqmif & G u f toH k ; jyK& uG e f y sLwmwG i f pm&G u f p mwrf ; aps;EI e f ; pk p k a ygif ;
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Backup Manager 3.5 5 5 5 4.5 4.6^5
Home Edition 5.0
BackUp MyPC 5 5 5 4.5 4 4.7^5
Deluxe 6.0
Backup NOW! 5 4 5 4 4 4.4^5
4.0 Deluxe Suite
ShadowBack 3.5 4 5 3.5 4 4^5

146 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvidk v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
BACKUP>> SOFTWARE HEAD-TO-HEAD

BackUp MyPC Deluxe 6.0 - Spywarersm;udk umuG,af y;jcif;? z,fxw k f


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[mh'f'pfwpfckvHk; ysufpD;oGm;vdkY tJ'DzdkifawGudk spamrsm; r0ifa&muf&ef tumtuG,fay;
jyefvnf azmfxkwf&wmrsdK;awG rBuHKzl;ao;bl; jcif;? adwarersm;udk [efYwm;ay;jcif;?
vdYk xifygonf/ tqdyk g tjzpfrsdK;twGuf Back- virus, worms, trojan horses ESifh topf
up MyPC Deluxeaqmhzf0JrsdK;udk aqmifxm; 0ifa&mufvmaom virus rsdK;pHkudk umuG,f
oifhygonf/ ¤if;\ Disaster Recovery Tool ay;onf/
u tqdkyg qHk;½HI;rIrsm;twGuf tultnDrsm;pGm - oifhtaeESifh tvGefta&;BuD;í qufvuf
ay;ygvdrfhrnf/ ¤if;aqmhzf0J\ o½kyfjy ñTefMum;
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atmif zsufqD;ay;onf/
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&dS? r&dSudk ppfaq;&efESifh rl&if;twdkif; jyefvnf AD'D,dk? tD;vfar;rsm;ESifh rSwfwrf;rSwf&m
azmfxkwfEdkif&ef ñTefMum;rIrsm; ay;ygvdrfhrnf/ tm;vHk; odkYr[kwf uGefysLwmwGif&dSaom
BackUp MyPC 6.0udk prf;oyf&mwGif taMumif;t&m? tcsuftvuf zdik t f m;vH;k udk
atmufygtcsufrsm;udk awGU&ygonf/ tumtuG,fay;jcif;ESifh tvdktavsmuf
- Wizard ac: t"dyÜm,fay:vGifaom yHkñTef; backup jyKvkyfay;jcif;? pum;0Sufrsm;jzifh
rsm;jzifh backupvkyif ef;pOfrsm;udk tjynft h 0 ydwfxm;ay;jcif;rsm;udk aqmif&Gufay;onf/
vkyfaqmifEdkifonf/ - Error rsm;udk zdkifrsm;tjzpf rSwfwrf;wifay;
- oift h aeESihf ,cifu backupaqmhz0f w J pfcck k onf/
udk roHk;cJhzl;[kqdkygvQif ,ck BackUp My- - aqmhzf 0J rsm; udk tif wm eufwGif t vdk
PCu vG,fulpGm aqmif&Gufay;ygvdrfhrnf/ tavsmuf tqifhjr§ifhay;onf/
- owfrw S x f m;aom tcsdet f wdik ;f twm wpfck
- tifwmeufwGif rvdkvm;tyfonfh 0ufbf
wGif tvdktavsmuf backupjyKvkyfay;Edkif
qduk rf sm;odYk 0ifa&mufMunh½f jI cif;rsm;twGuf
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wGif zdik rf sm;udk tcsderf D jyefvnf azmfxw k af y; 0ufbfqdkufrsm;udk xdef;csKyfay;jcif; ponf
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- uGefysLwmudk jyefí zGifh&efrvdkbJ qHk;½HI;oGm; - ukrÜPD\ vdyfpmudk tifwmeufwGif vdktyf
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pepf ysupf ;D oGm;onfw h ikd f zdik rf sm;udk jyefvnf
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- zdik w f pfzikd cf sif;? tkypf v


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aom taMumif;t&m? zdkifrsm;udk jyefvnf
8mm, ADR, AIT, DAT, QIC, Travan, Zip,
azmfxkwfay;onf/ txl;ojzifh Windows
Jaz, MO, LS-120 SuperDisk, uGe&f uf drives
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rsm;ESifh tjcm;csdwfquf rD'D,mypönf;rsm;wGif
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toHk;jyKEdkifygonf/
xkwfonfhvkyfief;wGif aumif;rGefonf/

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvidk v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f 147
SOFTWARE HEAD-TO-HEAD>> BACKUP

Backup NOW! 4.0 Deluxe Suite ponfwYkdwiG f


networked drives, FTP servers
tu,fí oifhuGefysLwmwGif vQyfppf csdKU tqifajypGm tvkyfvkyfEdkifygonf/
,Gi;f rI tcuftcJ rMumcP ay:aygufwwfonf
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apvdkygonf/ NewTech In- ShadowBack[laom trnfuyif pdw0 f if
fosystems(NTI)\aemufq;kH pm;zG,f jzpfaeygvdrfhrnf/ Warm and Fuzzy
xk w f version jzpf o nf / Logic rS xkwfvkyfaom aqmhzf0Jwpfckjzpfí zdkif
aqmif&GufEdkifcsuf tajrmuf t&G,ftpm; 5.1MB jzpfonf/
tjrm; xnfh oGif; xm; í aqmhzf0Judk zGifhvdkufonfESifh jrifuGif;wGif
vQdKU0Suzf ikd rf sm;tjzpf ajymif;vJ Simple Backup, Advanced Backup ESihf Auto
ay;jcif;? tcsuftvufrsm;udk Backup[lí cvkwo f ;kH ck jrif&ygrnf/ xdYk tjyif
csKHUay;jcif;? pum;0Sufrsm;jzifh Simple Restore, Advanced Restore ESifh
tumtuG,fay;jcif;? back- Options[laom icons oHk;ckvnf; &dSonf/
up tpDtpOf Z,m; a&;qGJ zdkifrsm; csKHUjcif;? vQdKU0Sufpmtjzpf ajymif;vJ
aqmif&Gufapjcif;? uGefysLwm ay;jcif;? owfrw S cf sed w
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store disk) udk zefw;D ay;jcif; speedudk ñdSay;jcif;rsm;udkvnf; aqmif&Gufay;
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aom hidden filesrsm; tygt0if registry
settings rsm;udkyg odrf;qnf;ay;Edkifonf/
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aysmufq;kH jcif;rS jyefvnfazmfxw k &f mwGif
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odYk &mwGif backupESihf jyefvnf azmfxw k f
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tm;omygonf/ May 2005
¤if;onf uGefysLwmESifh csdwfqufxm; t,f'w D m pdwMf uKd uf
aom recordabel/rewritable CDs, Backup Software
DVD-R, high- capacity DVD-DL,
ZIP drives, Jaz disks, USB pen BackUp
drive, removable or fixed disks, MyPC Deluxe 6.0

148 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvidk v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f
BACKUP>> SOFTWARE HEAD-TO-HEAD

odYk jzpfí disk imagepepfyg0ifaom back-


Extreme Backup up aqmhzf0Jrsm;udk prf;oyfMunhfygonf/ ¤if;wdkY
udk hard diskESpfvHk; wyfqifxm;NyD; Windows
Clone Your Drives With
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Disk Imaging Application
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onf/

Norton Ghost 9.0


ESpf twefMumuwnf;u Power-Quest's
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rvdkbJ odkYr[kwf uGefysLwmudk rebootjyefvkyf
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EdkifMuNyD jzpfonf/
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uGefysLwmvkyfief;rsm;wGif yHkrSef backup
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í setting rsm;udk csKHUíul;,l&mwGif none,
vdktyfonfwdkYudk a&G;cs,fí backupjyKvkyfjcif;
standard, mediumodkYr[kwf high tqifhrsm;
jzifh ta&;BuD;aom zdkifrsm; odkYr[kwf taMumif;
jzifh aqmif&u G Ef ikd of nf/ tqdyk g backupzdkifrsm;
t&mrsm; ysufpD; aysmufqHk;jcif;rS umuG,fEdkifí
udk pum;0Suw f pfcck jk zifh ydwx f m;Edik o
f nf/ vuf
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awGU prf;oyfcsut f & backupvkyif ef;pOfukd rdepf
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tenf;i,ftwGif; aqmif&Gufay;Edkifonf/ 5.46
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ESifh zdkifrsm;omru operating system
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ul;ajymif;ay;Edkifonf/ Ghost 9.0onf tqdkyg
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ESihf zdik rf sm;udk jyefvnf azmfxw k af y;onfh vkyif ef;
rjyKvkyfEdkifyg/

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f Zlvidk v


f ? 2005 ckEpS f 149
SOFTWARE HEAD-TO-HEAD>> BACKUP

udkvnf; aqmif&Gufay;onf/ 0if;'dk;pfpepf csdKU &Gucf surf sm;onf Ghost 9.0xuf ydí k jrefonf/
,Gi;f í jzpfap? disk driveysupf ;D í jzpfap 5.53GBt&G,t f pm;&daS om backupvkyif ef;pOf
tcsuftvuf? zdkifrsm;udk jyefvnf azmf twGuf 9 rdepfom Mumjrifyh gonf/ csKHUxm;aom
xkwf&mwGif tultnDay;rnf jzpfonf/ zdkifrsm;\ t&G,ftpm;onf 3.36GBom &dSyg
xdkYtjyif backup vkyfief;pOfrsm;udk onf/
uGe&f ufrsm;wGif USB odYk r[kwf Firwire tjcm; tm;omcsufwpfckrSm vGefcJhaom 10
qufoG,frIrsm;rSvnf; aqmif&GufEdkif ESpfwm umvtwGif; xkwfvkyfcJhaom 0if;'dk;pf
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udk xyfrHNyD; tkyfpkcGJ avhvmMunhf&atmif/ avhvmMunfhyg/

Figure 1-14 DFD An image of DFD

→ →
Data 1 Data 2
Symbol Name Meaning Correc-


Checking
tion
Data flow The flow of data is indi →→
(An arrow with a name) cated Data 3
Process Processing/ conversion of
(Bubble) data is indicated


Data 3
Data storage Stored data are indicated
(Two parallel lines) (Files, databases and others) Data 4
Verifica-
External A source or destination of tion
(A square) data is indicated

(Ordinarily, persons or or- Data 5


ganizations outside of Data 5
analysis) Shipping

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uGefysLwm*sme,f Zlvkdifv? 2005 ckESpf 167


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Symbol Name Descriptions
Data Indicates data for which media is not specified.
Stored data Indicates data stored in formats suitable for processing (media are
no specified)
Internal storage Indicate data stored in an internal storage medium.
Sequential access storage
Indicate only sequentially accessible data, such as those on mag-
netic tapes, and cassette tapes.
Direct access storage Indicates directly accessible data, such as those on magnetic disks,
and floopy disks.
Documents Indicates data on media human beings can read.
Manual input Indicate data on any medium that is inputted by hand-operated
means, such as online keyboards, switches, push buttons or bar
code.
Display Indicates data on any medium that display information used by
human beings, such as those on display screens or online indica-
tors.
Process Indicates any type of processing functions.
Predefined process Indicates processing composed of one or more operations or in-
structions defined, for example, a subroutine.
Manual operation Indicates any operation handled manually.
Preparation Indicates the modification of an instruction or a group of instruc-
tions that, like the setting-up of switches or the initial setting-up of
a routine, affects later operations.
Decision Indicates a decision function that, with an input port and output
ports only one of which can be selected at a time, selects one
output port depending on the result of the conditional evaluation
depicted in the symbol.
Loop limit Composed of two parts; conditions for termination for termination
and a loop name are written in the symbols indicating the start and
the end of the loop, respectively.
Line Indicate a flow of data or control.
Communication link Indicate that data is transferred on a communication line.
Connector Indicates an output port to another place on a flowchart or an
input port from another place.
Terminator Indicates an output port to, or an input port from, an external envi-
ronment.
-- Comment, annotation Used to add explanations or notes for clarification.
Ellipsis Used instead of a line symbol, and indicates that a symbol or a
Þ...Þ
group of symbols are onitted.
Figure 1-13 The symbols used in flowcharts

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Evaluation data inputted

Evaluation data Data Decision


are checked Keys:
Month pay-
ment is made Documents Loop limit
Checked Error (descending or-
Annual
evaluation data Lists der), affiliation
payroll file Line
employee code Manual
Sorting of Keys: Sorting of annual input Connector
evaluation dataAffiliation code, payroll data
employe code
Process
Sorted Payroll Sorted work Terminator
evaluation data master file files

Data on bonus Predefined


are processed process

Detailed payroll (Former) annual


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ments are printed are printed file is generated Sample Program Flowchart wpfckudk a&;jyygr,f/
Detailed bonus Monthly (New) annual uRefawmfwkdY avhvmchJwhJ symbolsawGudkyJ toHk;jyKxm;yg
statements payroll reports payroll file w,f/ 'Dawmh avhvmMunfhvdkufygOD;/

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Figure 1-20 A program flowchart example yg/ 'Dawmh Algorithm statementsawG a&;r,f/ NyD;&if
FlowchartawG oufqkdif&m Algorithm statementst&
Start qGJom;Muwmaygh/
Algorithm 1.1 (Sum)
A file is opened 1. Read : FIRST . [input an integer]
2. Read : SELOND. [input next integer]
3. SUM : = FIRST + SECOND
Headline data→Output space 4. Write "Sum of two numbers is :", sum.
5. Exit.
Note: Algorithm udk a&;whJtcgrSm Readae&mrSm in-
Printed
put/writeae&mrSm outputudk toH;k jyKNyD; a&;om;Eki
d yf gw,f/

Algorithm 1.1udk a&;om; zefw;D xm;wm[m tvGef ½k;d &Si;f


A file is opened pGmeJY a&;zGJUxm;ygw,f/ 'DtcgrSm pmzwfoltaeeJY 1.5 Ar-
rays of JavaqkdwhJ tcef;u@rSm a&;om;chJwhJ type eJY yHkpH
1-English + 1-Mathematics + tenf;i,f uGjJ ym;wmaMumifh tenf;i,f complexjzpfaumif;
→Total
1-Japanese language jzpfaeEkdifygvdrfhr,f/ aemufydkif;udkawmh family jzpfNyD;awmh
b,fvdk statement formudkyJjzpfjzpf em;vnfvmrSmyg/ uJ
(Edition)
'gqkd&if Alogrithm statementsawGudk avhvmNyD;NyDqkd&if
1-Name→M-Name awmh pwifNyD;awmh Flowchartudk ukd,fwkdif a&;qGJMunfhMu
1-English→M-English wmaygh/ uJ pwifNyD; avhvmMuygpkYd / a&;qGJ jyxm;whJ Flow-
1-Mathematics →M-Mathematics chartudk aoaocsmcsm avhvmMunfy h g/ Figure 1.21taeeJY
1-Japanese language →M-Japanese a&;qGJjyxm;ygw,f/
language
Total→M-total Regin

→output area
Detailed statement lines Read a number, Assign
to FIRST

Printed
Read a number, Assign
to SECOND

This file is closed


SUM: = FIRST + SECOND

End
Write, 'Sum of two
Figure 1.20rSm a&;qGJjychJwm[m Sample program number is' SUM
Flowchart ygyJ/ 'gqkd&if symbols awGudk rSwfrdatmif
avhvmckdif;xm;wmudk oabmaygufavmufygNyD/ 'gqkd&if End
awmh Flowchartwpfcu k kd vufawGUa&;qGMJ unf&h atmif/ 1.5
Arrays of JAVA qkdwhJ tcef;u@rSm Flowchart a&;qGJ Figure 1.21 Described Algorithm statements in
pOfrSm Algorithms statements awG a&;chJ&wmudk rSwfrdrSm flowchart

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Note : Flowchartudk a&;qGJwhJtcgrSm Terminator[m
Flowchart&JU tpeJY tqHk;rSmyg yg0ifygw,f/ Flowchart False True
If = ?
&JU tprSm a&;qGxJ m;whJ Terminatorudk start/Beginpojzifh
oH;k ovkd tqH;k Terminatorudak wmh EndvkYd toH;k jyK a&;qGJ
ygw,f/ process process
uJ tay:rSm a&;qGjJ ychw
J Jh Basic Flowchartudk em;vnfomG ; (Module A) (Module B)
&if tajccH program structureawGrSm toHk;jyK&r,fh struc-
ture typeawGeJY qGJomNyD; avhvmMuwmaygh/ 'Dawmh if
condition &JU Flowchart qGJom;enf;uae pwifNyD;awmh
Figure 1.2.3 The Selective Structure
avhvmMu&atmifyg/
Repetitive Structure [Looping Structure]
If condition (single Alternative) Repetitive structure udk avhvmr,fq&dk ifawmh atmuf
If conditionudk single atternative vkYd vJ ac:a0:Muyg ygtwkdif; tkyfpkcGJNyD; avhvmvkdY &ygw,f/ tJ'gawGuawmh
w,f/ 1.2 decision, control structure and looping state-- While loop [indeterminate loops] = rSe;f qí r&aom
mentupwifNyD;awmh ydYkcscw
Jh Jh Structure typeawGukd avhvm looping rsm;
chJr,fqkd&if tvG,fwul em;vnfEkdifrSmyg/ uJ avhvm - Do - while type, until type [indeterminate loops] =
MunhfygOD;/ rSefqír&aom looping rsm;
Algorithm : If (condition) (Module A) - For structure [Determinate loops] = rSef;qí&aom
Looping rsm;
End of If Structure
ponfwkdYjzpfygw,f/ ab;rSm square bracket [eJ]Y a&;xm;
wmawGuawmh tjcm; tac:ta0:awGygyJ/ uJ acgif;pOf
wpfcck si;f pD avhvmMunh&f atmif/ Sample_Flow_typeawG
udk aoaocsmcsm avhvmyg/ Sample typeawGudk em;vnf
True oabmaygufrSom programeJY vufawGU a&;qGJwhJtcgrSm
IF condition
trSefwu,f a&;qGJEkdifrSmyg/
process
False (Module A) Looping Structure for while structure type (Repeat
while structure)
→ While structureudk vufawGUtaeeJY ProgramawG
a&;NyD;awmh &Si;f vif;jych½J o
kH mruyJ control statementtcef;
Figure 1.2.2 Selective Structure (If condition)
u@rSmvJ aoaocsmcsm &Sif;jychJNyD;ygNyD/ tck Flowchart
program statement twGuf selective structurevdkY tcef;u@taeeJY xyfNyD; &Sif;jy&&ifawmh -
ac:whJ if condition yg0ifapzkdY a&;qGJ&whJ Methodudk em; - condition udk checkvkyfygw,f/
vnfoGm;&if Double AlternativevkdYac:whJ if - Else con- - condition onf ture jzpfaeoa&GU instructionudk
dition udk avhvmMunhf&atmif/ excutevkyfygw,f/
- NyD;whJtcgrSm entire procedureqDudk Repeatvkyyf g
Double Alternative w,f/
Selective structure (if - Else type) - tu,fí condition onf false jzpfoGm;onfESifh
Selective Structure &JU yHkpHuawmh [kwfchJ&if [Pro- wpfNydKifeuf Looping [m End jzpfoGm;NyD;
cessing A]:r[kwfchJ&if [Processing b]udk oGm;r,fqkdwhJ - While loop &JU atmufrSm&SdwhJ program&JU tjcm;
yHkpygyJ/ uJ 'Dawmh tJ'D type yHkpHudk avhvmMunhf&atmif/ statementsawGudk tvkyfqufvkyfygw,f/

uGefysLwm*sme,f Zlvkdifv? 2005 ckESpf 171


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uJ 'Dawmh atmufrSma&;xm;whJ while loop &JU sample
type Flowchartudk avhvmMunhfyg/
Condition False
?


instruction
Module
[Module]
(Bady of Loop)

True
condition

False Figure 1.25 Sample flowchart of the Do-while type

Note : while eJY Do - while typewkdY&JU Flowchart&JU


logical awG;ac:rI[m qifwlwmaMumifh ESpfouf&m type eJY
Figure 1.2.4 Sample Flowchart of Report - a&;qGJ a&;om;Ekdifygw,f/ uGJjym;jcm;em;wmudkawmh rSwfrd
While Structure em;vnfatmif avhvmxm;yg/

Until Structure
Until Structure&JU flow type[m While, Do - While
Do - While structure
type ponfwkdY&JU type yHkpHeJY vHk;0 uGJjym;jcm;em;ygw,f/
Do - while typeudk tcsKd U programmerawG[m while
eJY yHkpHqifw,fvkdY wpf,loefpGJrSwfxm;Muygw,f/ trSef uJ aoaocsmcsm avhvmMunhf&atmif/
wu,fawmh tenf;i,f uGJjym;jcm;emrI &Sdygw,f/ tJ'gawG - Condition udk check vkyfwhJtcgrSm false jzpfae
udkawmh 1.2 Decision, control structure and looping oa&GU tay:u processing Moduleudk jyefa&muf
statementqdkwhJ tcef;u@rSm sampleawG taeeJYa&m
vmNyD; tvkyfvmvkyfaerSmyg/
Listing awGeJYyg &Sif;vif;NyD;om;yg/ tckawmh xyfNyD; &Sif;jy
- tu,fí wpfcsdefcsdefrSm conditiononf ture jzpfchJ
ygOD;r,f/ &ifawmh looping uae ckefxGufNyD;awmh program
&JU tjcm; statementawGudk tvkyfvmNyD; qufvkyf
- condition udk tuefYtowfr&Sd loop xJudk 0ifcGifh awmhrmS yg/ Sample Flow Diagram udk avhvmMunhf
jyKygw,f/ yg/
- conditiononf true jzpfaeoa&GU instructionawG
udk excuted repeadely vkyfygw,f/
- condition[m falsejzpfoGm;wmeJY Do-while loop instruction
&JU tjyifudk ckefxGufvmygw,f/ [Module]

'Dawmh While loop eJY Do - while loop[m yHkpHjcif;


xyfwlxyfrQeD;ygygyJ/ rwlwhJtcsufudkvJ owdjyKrdrSmyg/
'Dawmh Flowchart a&;qGJwhJtcgrSmvnf; logic. control False process been performed x times?
t& tenf;i,f uGJjymjcm;em;rI &SdrSmyg/ uJ Do - While
structre&JU Flow. typeudk avhvmMunhf&atmif/

Figure 1.26 Sample of Repeat unit type

172 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zlvkdifv? 2005 ckESpf


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uJ 'D Sample Flow Diagramav;udk avhvmMunfh Case&JU Form [m
&ifawmh if < jzpfchJvQif > break;qdkwhJ program statement - FunctionxJu jzpfap
av;udk oGm;owd&rdrSmyg/ uJ'gqkd&ifawmh until structure - Multi-type resultsawGxJujzpfap
type &JU flowchart a&;qGJyHkudk em;vnf oabmaygufoGm; - define chackvkyNf yD; a&G;cs,rf I vkyw
f mygyJ/
avmufygNyD/ Sample_flowchartudk avhvmMunfhyg/
Note : Flowcharta&;qGJ Trueae&mrSm <Yes>eJY False
ae&mrSm <No> qkw d mawGukd tpm;xk;d oH;k pGEJ idk yf gw,f/ twl
wlygyJ/ cGifhjyKEkdifygw,f/
Value of
For Structure type X
For looping structuretaMumif;udkawmh tao;pdwf
toHk;jyK&whJ increment operator (++)
eJY Decrement op- 1 2 3 Other
erator (--) awGuae tpjyKNyD;awmh a&;om; &Sif;jychJwm Process A Process B Process C Process D
jzpfwmrdkY tm;vHk;udk em;vnf oabmaygufNyD;om; jzpfaerSm
yg/ 'gaMumifh Basic Sample Flowchart _form udkyJ avh
vmMunhfyg/ Figure 1.28 Sample flowchart of Multi-branch
(case) structure
uRefawmf tck a&SUrSm oifMum;ykdYcschJwhJ tcsuftvuf
awG[m program Flowchartudk a&;qGJ&if; toHk;jyK&r,fh
K>3 symbolsawG qGJom;enf; MethodsygyJ/ 'gawGudk t&if
aoaocsmcsm avhvmoabmaygufxm;rSomvQif Lisiting
awGeJY ,SOfwGJavhvmwhJtcgrSm vG,fvG,fulul oif,lEkdifrSm
Module jzpfygw,f/
'DtcgrSm uRefawmfhtaeeJY &Sif;jyp&m&Sdwmuawmh 1.2
K=K+1 Analysis/ Design Diagramming Method rSm tkyfpkcGJNyD;
avhvmchpJ Ofu Sub-title 1.2.1 Flowchart qkdwhJ acgif;pOfeJY
1.2.2 Structure Chart qkdNyD; tkyfpkESpfpkcGJNyD; awGUchJ&wmqkd
awmh Lisiting awGeJY ra&;jycifrSm Structure Chartsudk
t&ifqHk; avhvmMuwmaygh/ 'gayr,fh uRefawmf qufvuf
Figure 1.27 Sample Diagram of for Looping
ydkYcsr,fhtykdif;rSm Structure Chartudk introduce taeeJY
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vkyNf yD;rSomvQif program FlowcharttaMumif;udk qufvuf
uJ 'gudk avhvmMunf&h if looping Structure&JU Flow_ avhvmMuwmaygh/
type awG[m qifwlwmrdkY tvG,fwul em;vnfoabm
aygufoGm;rSmyg/ aoaocsmcsm avhvmxm;yg/ 1.2.2 Structure Chatrs
Flowchart qdkwmuawmh programming theory
Multi-branch structure <CASE> twkdif; jzpfEkdifpGrf;whJ algorithm eJY basevkyfNyD;whJtcgrSm
taMumif;uawmh
Multi-branch structure <CASE> ajz&Sif;&wmyg/ 'gayr,fh Flowchart udk a&;qGJwhJtcgrSm
programming BasicrSmwkef;u SampleawGeJY a&;om; arrow symboludk toH;k jyK a&;qG& J ygw,f/ Structure chart
&Sif;jychJwmrkdY em;vnfoabmaygufNyD;om; aerSmyg/ vkdtyf qkdwmuvnf; wpfenf;ajym&&ifawmh Flowchart Method
&if Lisiting 1.6 udk jyefvSef avhvmEkdifygw,f/ &JU wpfpdwfwpfa'oygyJ/ 'gayr,fh Structure chartudk

uGefysLwm*sme,f Zlvkdifv? 2005 ckESpf 173


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a&;qGJwhJtcgrSm arrow symbolukd toHk;jyKcGifh r&Sdygbl;/ 'D Structure chartstkyfpkawG[m algorithmst& pro-
ydNk yD;&Si;f vif;atmif? programmerawG em;vnfatmif ajym& gram FlowcharteJY twlwlygyJ/ 'Dawmh taxGtxl; &Sif;jy
&ifawmh producure language rSm toHk;jyKwhJ typetwkid ;f yJ p&m rvdb
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ukd a&;qGJ
structure theorem t& possiblejzpfwmukdyJ a&;qGJ ajz&Sif; jyxm;ygw,f/ avhvmMunhfyg/
&wmygyJ/ Flowchart qdkwmuawmh non-structural al-
gorithm jzpfw,fqkdwmudkvnf; rarhygeJY/ * PAD chart (Problem Analysis Diagram)
Note : GOTO statements[m Java LanguagerSm with tree structure
ryg0ifygbl;/ 'gudk owdjyKrSwfom;zkdYygyJ/ PAD chartqkw d muawmh Logical StructureeJY ajz&Si;f
'DtcsufawG[m FlowcharteJY structure chartwkdY&JU whJtcgrSm problem - oriented data structured xJu tree
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NyD; avhvmwhJtcgrSm Methodologiest& tkyfpkuGJjym;jcm; ab;rSm with tree structurevdkY a&;om; &Sif;jywmygyJ/
rIawG &Sdvmygw,f/ tJ'gawGuawmh atmufrSm pepfwus Sample DiagramtaeeJY PAD chart&JU Structure chart
Group_typecGJjymxm;ygw,f/ avhvmMunhfyg/ type yHkpHudk a&;qGJjyxm;ygw,f/ avhvmMunhfyg/
* NS chart (Nassi - shreiderman Chart)
* PAD chart (Problem Analysis Diagram Chart)
* SPD chart (Structured Program Diagram Chart)
* HCP chart (Hierarchical and Compact descrip-
tion chart)
* YAC II chart (Yet Another Control chart II)
uJ 'Dawmh acgif;pOfi,fav;awGudk wpfckcsif;pDtvkduf
Sample Diagramav;awGeJY &Sif;jyyghr,f/ aoaocsmcsm
avhvmMunhfyg/

* NS Chart (Nassi - Shreiderman chart)


NS Cahrtqkwd muawmh Special SymbolawGukd toH;k
jyKNyD;awmh omref Control StructureawGtwkid ;f pDpOf a&;qGJ
wmyJ jzpfygw,f/ symbolsawG uGJjym;jcm;em;wmuvGJvkdY Figure 1-30 A PAD example
<Sequential <Repetitive structure <Repetitive structure
structure> (Do While type)> (Repeat Until type)> * SPD chart (Structured Programming Diagram)
Processing
Processing 1 WHILE condition SPD chart[mvnf; PAD chartvkdygyJ/ olYudk a&;qGJ
2
Processing whJtcgrSm tree structuretwkdif; a&;qGJajz&Sif;wmygyJ/ ao
1 UNTIL condition
aocsmcsm avhvmMunfhyg/
<Selective structure> <CASE structure>

Condition
True False
Condi-
Processing Processing tion 1
1 2
Condi- Condi-
tion 2 tion 3
Process- Process-Process-
ing 1 ing 1 ing 1

Figure 1-29 An NS chart example Figure 1-31 An SPD example

174 uGefysLwm*sme,f Zlvkdifv? 2005 ckESpf


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* HCP chart (Hierarchical and Compact description
chart)
HCP charttaMumif;udk &Sif;jy&r,fqkd&ifawmh de-
scribed of logical structures of Algorithms, in the same

Figure 1-31 A YAC II example

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vmMunfhyg/ Figure 1.33taeeJY a&;qGJjyxm;ygw,f/
FlowcharteJY structured charttaMumif;awGudk a&;
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Figure 1-32 A HCP example u@udk csefvSyfxm;chJygawmhr,f/ Java Language udk oif
way of PAD and SPD vkdY ajym&ifvJ &ygw,f/ bmaMumifh ,lwt Jh cgrSm taxmuftuljzpfapr,fh FlowchartstaMumif;
vJqkdawmh HCP charttaeeJY a&;qGJ&whJtcgrSmvJ true (ydkNyD; wdwdusus ajym&&ifawmh FlowchartqkdwhJ acgif;pOf
structure typeudk toHk;jyKNyD; a&;qGJ&wmjzpfvkdYygyJ/ yHkudk atmufrmS System FlowcharteJY Program FlowchartqkNd yD;
avhvmMunfhyg/ tydkif;ESpfykdif;uGJaewhJtxJrS Program FlowcharttaMumif;
udkyJ pepfwus ExampleawGeJYtwl a&;om; &Sif;jyrSmyg/
* YAC II chart (Yet Another Control chart II) uJ 'Dawmh Example ProgramawGeYJ twl FlowchartawGukd
YAC II chart [mvJ PAD, SPD and HCP wdkYvkdyJ vufawGUa&;qGJMunfhMuygpkdY/
tree structureudk toHk;jyKNyD; a&;qGJwmjzpfwhJtwGuf ausmfaZ,smav; (uom)
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