The Nobel Peace Prize (Swedish, Norwegian: Nobels fredspris) is one of the five Nobel

Prizes created by the Swedish industrialist, inventor, and armaments manufacturer Alfred
Nobel, along with the prizes in Chemistry, Physics, Physiology or Medicine, and Literature.
Since March 1901,[3] it has been awarded annually (with some exceptions) to those who
have "done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or
reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses".[4]
As per Alfred Nobel's will, the recipient is selected by the Norwegian Nobel Committee, a
five-member committee appointed by the Parliament of Norway. Since 1990, the prize is
awarded on 10 December in Oslo City Hall each year. The prize was formerly awarded in
the Atrium of the University of Oslo Faculty of Law (1947–1989), the Norwegian Nobel
Institute (1905–1946), and the Parliament (1901–1904).
Due to its political ideology and interferences, the Nobel Peace Prize has, for most of its
history, been the subject of controversies.
Alfred Bernhard Nobel (/noʊˈbɛl/; Swedish: [ˈalfrɛd nʊˈbɛlː] ( listen); 21 October 1833 – 10
December 1896) was a Swedish chemist, engineer, inventor, businessman, and
philanthropist.
Known for inventing dynamite, Nobel also owned Bofors, which he had redirected from its
previous role as primarily an iron and steel producer to a major manufacturer of cannon
and other armaments. Nobel held 355 different patents, dynamite being the most famous.
After reading a premature obituarywhich condemned him for profiting from the sales of
arms, he bequeathed his fortune to institute the Nobel Prizes.[1][2] The synthetic
element nobelium was named after him.[3] His name also survives in modern-day
companies such as Dynamit Nobel and AkzoNobel, which are descendants of mergers
with companies Nobel himself established.

Alfred has always been very focused on developing a new type of explosive that is
safe to use, influenced by his brother's death. As a result of his constant
experiments, nitroglycerin was found to be easier and safer after mixing it with
absorbent and inert material. Where the first explosive substance was safer,
easier to use and stronger than gunpowder. Alfred continued his experiments on
nitroglycerine and mixed it with nitrocellulose, forming a gelatinite transparent
material called gelignite and patented for 1876. This substance was stronger,
more stable than dynamite and more suitable for mining, and it generated
considerable profits.
He also made a smoke-free substance of nitrocellulose and nitroglycerin plus 10%
of camphor, called ballistite and patented in 1887

The 2016 Nobel Prize laureate will be announced Oct. 7. at 5 a.m. ET.

While nominations for the Nobel Peace Prize are kept officially secret and not
revealed by the Norwegian Nobel Committee until 50 years later, organizers do
release the number of nominations: 376 this year — 228 individuals and 148
organizations.
Anyone can technically be nominated for the $930,000 accolade but only a
person deemed qualified by the Nobel committee to nominate candidates can do
so.

Since 2002, the Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO) has produced a shortlist
of candidates that it feels merit the distinction. The shortlist is chosen by PRIO's
Director Kristian Berg Harpviken.

On Monday, Harpviken dropped Colombia from his list after voters rejected a
peace deal that would have ended 52 years of conflict between the government
and the FARC rebels. According to Harpviken, Donald Trump and the actress
Susan Sarandon have been nominated. Trump for "his vigorous peace through
strength ideology, used as a threat weapon of deterrence against radical Islam,
the Islamic State, nuclear Iran and Communist China" and Sarandon for "helping
refugees in Greece" over Christmas.