ENCE 355 – Introduction to Structural Design - FALL 02

1 of 1 Name: ___________SAMPLE__________

University of Maryland, College Park

Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering
ENCE 355 – Introduction to Structural Design

Honor Pledge Code

“I pledge on my honor that I have not given or received any
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received any unauthorized assistance on this
assignment/examination.” tn this examination."

Signature: __________________________________

Grading:
Problem 1: ______ / 20
Problem 2: ______ / 20
Problem 3: ______ / 20
Solution to FINAL EXAM
Problem 4: ______ / 20
Friday, December 16, 2002
Problem 5: ______ / 20 11:00 AM – 3:00 AM, By DSS
Problem 6: ______ / 20
Total: ______ / 120
_________________________________________________________________

Policies:
1. Write your name on all sheets.
2. Use only the paper provided. Ask for additional sheets, if required.
3. Place only one problem on each sheet (front and back).
4. Draw a box around answers for numerical problems.
5. Give all answers to 3 or 4 significant figures.
6. Include free body diagrams (FBD’s) for all equilibrium problems.
7. Closed book / closed notes; ACI and AISC Manuals, and formula sheet are permitted.
8. SHOW ALL WORK USED TO ARRIVE AT YOUR ANSWER.
ENCE 355 – Introduction to Structural Design - FALL 02
2 of 2 Name: ___________SAMPLE__________

Problem #1 (20 points)

For the reinforced concrete beam cross section shown in the figure, determine b = 11′′
a- The amount of steel required to create the balanced condition.
b- Whether this beam is balanced, underreinforced, or
overreinforced? Why?
c- The practical moment capacity φMn of the beam according to
the ACI Code. d = 20′′
Use fy = 40,000 psi for steel and f c′ = 3,000 psi for concrete.
3 #10
3 #10
*** SOLUTION ***
(a) Minimum Width:
If no web reinforcement is to be used, the width must be selected so that the applied shear Vu is
no larger than one-half the design shear strength φVc. The calculations are as follows:
1
maximum Vu = φ 2 f c′bw d
2
( )
Vu = 1.4(8) + 1.7(11) = 29.9 kips
Therefore,
1
2
( 1
)
29.9 × 10 3 = φ 2 f c′bw d = (0.85)(2 ) 4000 (b )(31)
2
or
29.9 × 10 3 (2 )
b= = 17.94 ≈ 18 in.
(0.85)(2) 4000 (31)
Half Dia. of #8 bar
(b) Find b if d = 7.5 in.:
Total depth of beam = 7.5 + 1.5 + 0.5 = 9.5 in. < 10 in, therefore beam is considered shallow and
can utilize the full shear strength φVc (ACI Specifications):
( )
29.9 × 10 3 = φ 2 f c′bw d = (0.85)(2 ) 4000 (b )(7.5)
or
29.9 × 10 3
b= = 37.08 ≈ 37 in.
(0.85)(2) 4000 (7.5)
ENCE 355 – Introduction to Structural Design - FALL 02
3 of 3 Name: ___________SAMPLE__________

Problem #2 (20 points)

Design a typical interior tension-reinforced T-beam to resist positive moment. A cross section of the
lb
floor system is shown. The service loads are 50 2 dead load (this does not include the weight of the
ft
lb
beam and slab) and 325 2 live load. The beam is on a simple span of 18 ft. Use a compressive
ft
strength for concrete f c′ = 4,000 psi (pound per square inch) and a yield strength for steel fy = 60,0000
psi.
Floor slab

4 in.

26 in.

15 in.
8 ft − 0 in. (typ.)

*** SOLUTION ***

ENCE 355 – Introduction to Structural Design - FALL 02
4 of 4 Name: ___________SAMPLE__________

Problem 2 (cnt’d):
ENCE 355 – Introduction to Structural Design - FALL 02
5 of 5 Name: ___________SAMPLE__________

Problem #3 (20 points)

A simply supported, rectangular, reinforced concrete beam having d = 24 in. and b = 15 in. supports a
uniformly distributed factored load wu = 7.5 kips/ft as shown. The given load includes the beam weight.
Assume No. 3 single-loop stirrups. Use f c′ = 4000 psi for concrete and fy = 60,000 psi for steel.

(a) Draw the complete shear (Vu) diagram

showing all-important points for stirrup Critical Section
wu =7.5 kips/ft
b
designs (Hint: make use of the symmetry
of the beam about its mid span).
d
(b) Using the Vu diagram, select the stirrup d
spacing to use at the critical section (d 28 ft
distance from the face of the left
support), and the location along the beam
where stirrups may be stopped.
*** SOLUTION ***
(a) Complete shear diagram:
CL
Critical Section
wu =7.5 kips/ft wu L 7.5(28)
Vu = = = 105 k
2 2
0.85(2 ) 4000 (15)24
φVc = φ 2 f c′bd =
d = 2′ 14′ = 168′′ 1000
φVc = 38.7 k
* = 19.35 k
105 Req’d φVs 2
Vu* = 105 − 2(7.5) = 90 k
90
May stop φVc
Stirrups here Vu* > ,∴stirrups req' d
2
38.7 19.35
ϕVc x= = 2.58 ft
7.5
19.35
φVc
#3 stirrups ( Av = 0.22 in 2 )
2
0
(kips ) 14′ = 168′′ x
2.58′

(b) Stirrups spacing and location of not needed stirrups:

φAv f y d 0.85(0.22 )(60 )(24 )

s= = = 5.25 in.
req' dφV s
*
90 − 38.7
Location along the beam where stirrups may be stopped = 14 - 2.58 = 11.42 ft from left f.o.s
ENCE 355 – Introduction to Structural Design - FALL 02
6 of 6 Name: ___________SAMPLE__________

Problem #4 (20 points): A steel W section is to be selected to support axial compressive dead and live
loads of PD = 400 kips and PL = 700 kips, respectively. The member, which is to be 24 ft long and to be
pinned top and bottom, has lateral support (pinned) supplied in the weak direction at middepth as
shown. Select the lightest W12 section using the LRFD Manual and A572 Grade 50 steel.

*** SOLUTION ***

Pu
Trying W12’s:
Pu = 1.4 (400) = 560 kips x y
Pu = 1.2 (400) + 1.6 (700) = 1600 kips ← controls
Entering LRFD tables with KyLy = 12 ft, Fy = 50 ksi and Pu = 1600 kips
r
Try W12 × 152 ( x = 1.77 ) x
ry y
12 ft
K L 24
Equivalent K y L y = x x = = 13.56 ft > KyLy = 12 ft
rx 1.77
Bracing
ry
Therefore, 12 ft
Reenter tables with KyLy = 13.56 ft and Pu = 1600 kips
And hence,

Select W12 ×170

Pu
ENCE 355 – Introduction to Structural Design - FALL 02
7 of 7 Name: ___________SAMPLE__________

Problem #5 (20 points): Neglecting block shear, select the lightest steel W14 section available to
support a factored tensile load Pu of 664 kips. The member is to be 30 ft long and is assumed to have
two lines of holes for 1-in. standard bolts in each flange as shown. There will be at least three bolts in
x
each line 4 inch on center. Use Fy = 50 ksi and Fu = 65 ksi. (Note that U = 1 − ≤ 0.90 )
L

*** SOLUTION ***

1 - in bolts
P 664
min Ag required = u = = 14.76 in 2
φ t Fy 0.9(50 )
Assume U = 0.9

min Ag =
Pu
+ estimated area of holes
W14× ?
φ t FuU

664  1
= + 41 + (0.72 ) = 18.37 in 2 ⇐
0.75(65)(0.9 )  8 
1 - in bolts
L 12(30)
min r = = = 1.20 in
300 300
Try W14 × 68 (Ag = 20.0 in2, tf = 0.720 in, ry = 2.46 in)

Checking:
φ t Pn = 0.9(50)(20) = 900 kips > 664 kips OK
 1
An = 20 − 41 + (0.72 ) = 16.76 in 2
 8
x = y for a WT7 × 34 = 1.29 in
x 1.29
U = 1− = 1− = 0.839 < 0.9 OK
L 8
φ t Pn = 0.75(65)(0.839 )(16.76) = 685.5 kips > 664 kips OK
L 12(30 )
= = 146.3 < 300 OK
r 2.46

Therefore,
Select W14 ×68
ENCE 355 – Introduction to Structural Design - FALL 02
8 of 8 Name: ___________SAMPLE__________

Problem #6 (20 points): Using the LRFD Manual, select the lightest steel W beam section for the span
and loading shown in the figure, assuming full lateral support is provided for the compression flange by
the floor slab above (i.e., Lb = 0) and yield strength of steel Fy = 50 ksi.

D = 1 kip/ft (not including beam weight)

L = 3 kip/ft

21 ft

*** SOLUTION ***

Beam weight estimate:
kips
wu (beam weight excluded) = 1.2(1.0 ) + 1.6(3.0) = 6.0
ft
wu L2 6(21)
2
Mu = = = 330.75 ft - kips
8 8
M  330.75 
Z required = u =   × 12 = 88.2 in 3
φt Fy  0.90(50 ) 
Referring to Table 5-3 in Part 5 of the LRFD Manual, a W21 × 44 (Zx = 95.8 in3) is the lightest
section available.
Assume beam weight = 44 lb/ft, therefore the design distributed load wu will be revised as
follows:
kips
wu = 1.2(1.044) + 1.6(3) = 6.05
ft
w L 6.05(21)
2 2
Mu = u = = 333.5 ft - kips
8 8
 333.5 
Z required =   ×12 = 88.9 in 3 < Z = 95.8 in 3 OK
 0.90(50) 
Therefore,
USE W21 × 44 with Fy = 50 ksi