3.

1 Linear Arrays and Planar Arrays with Separable Distributions 129 128 Pattern Synthesis for Linear and Planar Arrays

tion [20] or the Taylor one-parameter distribution [21]. The pattern is given by
the expressions below.

sinh[,r(B2-z2)1/2]
(3.37)

Max efficiency, n = 12
sin[7r(z2 - B2)1'2] z>B

where z = hulk.
The value of B is chosen as indicated below to set the first sidelobe to some
given level r, where again SLdB = 20 logio r. Since the first sidelobe occurs in the Max rnonotonic, n = 5
region z > B, where the function has assumed the second form given above, the
level of that sidelobe is about 13.26 dB [or the factor E(z) is equal to 1/4.603].
However, at the beam peak, E{0) is equal to sinh(7rB)/(7rB), so the ratio of beam
peak to sidelobe level is

sinh TTB
r = 4.60333 (3.38)
ITB
0.2 0.8 1.0
0.4 0.6
Aperture coordinate

The values of parameter B required to obtain a given sidelobe level are obtained (c)
from the solution of the above equation. Table 3.4 from Hansen [21] gives the
Figure 3.6 (Continued.)
appropriate values of B to produce the required sidelobe levels.
Inspection of (3.37) shows the far sidelobes to be clearly asymptotic to those of
the uniform array (sin TTZITTZ), since the far zeros are left at zn = ±n. The near Table 3.3 Taper Efficiency for Taylor Patterns
sidelobes are reduced by the placement of the pattern zeros, which have been set at Max i 7 Values Monotonic n
locations zn = [n2 + B2]1/2.
SLdB V V
The normalized aperture illumination for maintaining this distribution is given
as the following. 20 6 0.9667 3 0.9535
25 12 0.9252 5 0.9105
30 23 0.8787 7 0.8619
35 44 0.8326 9 0.8151
(3.39) 40 81 0.7899 11 0.7729
Sourc 1211.
e:
where
ciency with a monotonic illumination (n = 5) for a 25-dB pattern. The figure shows
x = distance from the center of the aperture, L = severe inverse tapering near the edge of the array with maximum efficiency. This
aperture length, rapid variation in current is difficult to approximate with a discrete array and may be
/(> = modified Bessel function of the first kind (or order zero), and H - unrealizable in a practical size. Moreover, the data cited in Table 3.3 indicate that
parameter that determines the sidelobe level and is defined below by its the efficiency penalty in going from maximum efficiency to maximum efficiency with
relation to the sidelobe level r. monotonic illumination is only 1% for the case of Figure 3.6(c).

Sampling this aperture illumination results in a set of array excitation co effi-(

u-nls that give an approximation to the pattern (equation). The normalized 3.1.6 Modified sin TTZ I TTZ Patterns

aper-iin c- illumination is seen from the above to have the maximum value unity at Taylor [22] also developed a procedure for synthesizing pattern functions with
the tpertUK center, and the value \/IQ(TTB) at the edge. Table 3.4 also gives the arbitrary first sidelobe levels and a far sidelobe level similar to that of a uniformly
value ■ il ilns edge taper [—20 logio Jof77^)] in decibels. illuminated source. This distribution is known as the modified sin TTZITTZ distribu-