MATRICES

1. Escribir explícitamente las siguientes matrices

 𝑨 = {𝒂𝒊𝒋 } ∈ 𝑲𝟑∗𝟐 |𝒂𝒊𝒋 = 𝒊 + 𝟐𝒋

𝑎11 𝑎12 1 + 2(1) 1 + 2(2)
𝑎
𝐴 = [ 21 𝑎22 ] = [2 + 2(1) 2 + 2(2)]
𝑎31 𝑎32 3 + 2(1) 3 + 2(2)
𝟑 𝟓
𝑨 = [𝟒 𝟔]
𝟓 𝟕

 𝑩 = {𝒃𝒊𝒋 } ∈ 𝑲𝟑∗𝟑 |𝒃𝒊𝒋 = 𝟐𝒊 − 𝒋

𝑏11 𝑏12 𝑏13 2(1) − 1 2(1) − 2 2(1) − 3
𝑩 = [𝑏21 𝑏22 𝑏23 ] = [2(2) − 1 2(2) − 2 2(2) − 3]
𝑏31 𝑏32 𝑏33 2(3) − 1 2(3) − 2 2(3) − 3
𝟏 𝟎 −𝟏
𝑩 = [𝟑 𝟐 𝟏]
𝟓 𝟒 𝟑

 𝑪 = {𝒄𝒊𝒋 } ∈ 𝑲𝟑∗𝟒 |𝒄𝒊𝒋 = 𝒎𝒂𝒙. (𝒊, 𝒋)

𝑐11 𝑐12 𝑐13 𝑐14 1=1 1<2 1<3 1<4
𝑪 = [𝑐21 𝑐22 𝑐23 𝑐24 ] = [2 > 1 2 = 2 2 < 3 2 < 4]
𝑐31 𝑐32 𝑐33 𝑐34 3>1 3>2 3=3 3<4
𝟏 𝟐 𝟑 𝟒
𝑪 = [𝟐 𝟐 𝟑 𝟒]
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟒

 𝑫 = {𝒅𝒊𝒋 } ∈ 𝑲𝟒∗𝟑 |𝒅𝒊𝒋 = 𝟐𝒊 − (−𝟏)𝒋

𝑑11 𝑑12 𝑑13 21 − (−1)1 21 − (−1)2 21 − (−1)3
𝑑 𝑑22 𝑑23 22 − (−1)1 22 − (−1)2 22 − (−1)3
𝑫 = [ 21 ]= 3
𝑑31 𝑑32 𝑑33 2 − (−1)1 23 − (−1)2 23 − (−1)3
𝑑41 𝑑42 𝑑43 [24 − (−1)1 24 − (−1)2 23 − (−1)3]
𝟑 𝟒 𝟓
𝟒 𝟔 𝟕
𝑫=[ ]
𝟗 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟏
𝟏𝟕 𝟏𝟖 𝟏𝟗
 𝑥 − 2𝑦 𝑥 2 𝑌+4 −2
] 𝑌 𝐶 = [ ⁄3 −2]
2. Sean las matrices 𝐴 = [ ],𝐵 = [
3 𝑥−𝑦 3 4 −1 0
Si 𝐴 = 𝐵, HALLAR 𝐴 + 3𝐶
SOLUCION
𝑥 − 2𝑦 𝑥 2 𝑌+4
[ ]=[ ]
3 𝑥−𝑦 3 4
𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 2 → 𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 2 = 0
𝑥 =𝑦+4→𝑥−𝑦−4=0
𝑥−𝑦 =4→𝑥−𝑦−4=0
𝑦 + 4 − 2𝑦 − 2 = 0 →
𝒚=𝟐𝒚𝒙=𝟔
2 6 −2 −2] = [𝟎 𝟎
[ ] + 3 [ ⁄3 ]
3 4 −1 0 𝟎 𝟒

2𝑥 + 1 2 𝑧−1 3 − 2𝑦 2 𝑥+𝑦
3. Sean las matrices 𝐴 = [ 𝑥 + 2 −1 2𝑦 ] 𝑦 𝐴 = [ 𝑧 + 3 −1 𝑧 − 2𝑥 ]
𝑦−1 8 𝑥 − 2𝑧 𝑧−5 8 −1
SOLUCION
Igualamos factor por factor:
2𝑥 + 1=3 − 2𝑦 → 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2 …………………..… I
𝑥 + 2 = 𝑧 + 3 → 𝑥 = 𝑧 + 1…………………....... II
𝑦 − 1 = 𝑧 − 5 → 𝑦 + 4 = 𝑧………………….….. III
𝑧 − 1 = 𝑥 + 𝑦 → 𝑧 = 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 1………………… IV
2𝑦 = 𝑧 − 2𝑥 → 2𝑦 + 2𝑥 = 𝑧…………………. . V
𝑥 − 2𝑧 = −1 → 𝑥 + 1 = 2𝑧……………….……. VI
𝑅𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝐈 𝑒𝑛 𝐈𝐕
𝑧 =𝑥+𝑦+1→ 𝒛=𝟑
𝑅𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝒛 𝑒𝑛 𝐕𝐈
𝑥 + 1 = 2𝑧 → 𝒙=𝟓
𝑅𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝒙 𝑒𝑛 𝐈
𝑥+𝑦 =2 → 𝒚 = −𝟑
 3 5 −2 7 11 1
4. Si 𝐴 = [ ],𝐵 = [ ]𝑌 𝐶 = [ ] resolver la ecuación:
−2 1 4 −1 10 5
2(𝑥 − 2𝐵) = 3𝐴 + 2(𝑋 − 2𝐵) + 𝐶
SOLUCION
2(𝑥 − 2𝐵) = 3[𝐴 + 2(𝑋 − 2𝐵)] + 𝐶
2𝑋 − 4𝐵 = 3𝐴 + 6𝑋 − 6𝐵 + 𝐶
4𝑋 = 8𝐵 − 3𝐴 − 𝐶
−2 7 3 5 11 1
4𝑥 = 8 [ ] − 3[ ]+[ ]
4 −1 −2 1 10 5
−16 56 9 15 11 1
4𝑥 = [ ]−[ ]−[ ]
32 −8 −6 3 10 5
−𝟗 −𝟏𝟎
𝟒𝒙 = [ ]
𝟕 −𝟒

−3 5 2 3 −7 3
5. Si 𝐴 = [ ],𝐵 = [ ]𝑌 𝐶 = [ ] resolver las siguientes ecuaciones:
−2 2 4 5 2 −1
a) 3(𝑋 − 2𝐴) = 5(𝐵 − 𝐶) + 2(𝑋 − 𝐴 − 𝐵)
SOLUCION
3(𝑋 − 2𝐴) = 5(𝐵 − 𝐶) + 2(𝑋 − 𝐴 − 𝐵)
𝑋 = 4𝐴 + 3𝐵 − 5𝐶
Remplazando:
3 5 −2 7 11 1
𝑋 = 4[ ] + 3[ ] −5[ ]
−2 1 4 −1 10 5
𝟐𝟗 −𝟒
𝑿=[ ]
−𝟔 𝟐𝟖
b) 3(𝑋 − 𝐴 + 𝐵) = 2[𝑋 − 2(𝐵 + 𝐶)] − (𝑋 + 𝐶)
SOLUCION
3(𝑋 − 𝐴 + 𝐵) = 2[𝑋 − 2(𝐵 + 𝐶)] − (𝑋 + 𝐶)
2𝑋 = 3𝐴 − 7𝐵 − 𝐶
Remplazando:
−3 5 2 3 −7 3
2𝑋 = 3 [ ] −7[ ]−[ ]
−2 2 4 5 2 −1
𝟔 𝟏𝟎. 𝟓
𝑿=[ ]
−𝟐𝟐 −𝟏𝟐

3 1 −2 6 7 −5 6 3 −7
6. Si 𝐴 = [−7 1 4 ] , 𝐵 = [8 4 −2] 𝑌 𝐶 = [ 12 5 −6] resolver la ecuación:
8 3 6 1 9 1 −1 14 10
2(𝑋 − 2𝐶) = 3𝑋 − 𝐶 − 2(𝐴 + 2𝐵 − 𝑋)
 SOLUCION
2(𝑋 − 2𝐶) = 3𝑋 − 𝐶 − 2(𝐴 + 2𝐵 − 𝑋)
𝑋 = 2𝐴 + 4𝐶 − 3𝐶
Remplazando:
3 1 −2 6 7 −5 6 3 −7
3𝑋 = 2 [−7 1 4 ] + 4 [8 4 −2] − 3 [ 12 5 −6]
8 3 6 1 9 1 −1 14 10
𝟒 𝟕 −𝟏
𝑿 = [−𝟔 𝟏 𝟔]
𝟓 𝟎 𝟒

7. Resolver el siguiente sistema:

2𝑋 + 3𝑌 = 𝐴………….I
5𝑋 − 2𝑌 = 𝐵………….I
−5 3 16 −40
Donde 𝑎 = [ ]𝑦 𝐵 = [ ]
16 −6 21 23
SOLUCION
(2𝑋 + 3𝑌 = 𝐴)2
(5𝑋 − 2𝑌 = 𝐵)3
19𝑋 = 2𝐴 + 3𝐵
Remplazando para X:
−5 3 16 −40
19𝑋 = 2 [ ] + 3[ ]
16 −6 21 23
𝟐 −𝟔
𝑿=[ ]
𝟓 𝟑
Remplazando para Y:
(2𝑋 + 3𝑌 = 𝐴)5
(5𝑋 − 2𝑌 = 𝐵)-2
19𝑌 = 5𝐴 − 2𝐵
−5 3 16 −40
19𝑌 = 5 [ ] − 2[ ]
16 −6 21 23
−𝟑 𝟓
𝒀=[ ]
𝟐 −𝟒