Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Submitted To The Department of Civil Engineering of CGC Technical Campus Jhanjeri, Mohali
Submitted To The Department of Civil Engineering of CGC Technical Campus Jhanjeri, Mohali
AT
INFOWIZ SOFTWARE SOLUTION
CHANDIGARH
Submitted to the Department of Civil Engineering
Of
CGC Technical Campus Jhanjeri, Mohali
This is to certify that I, JAPJEET SINGH student of B.Tech (Civil)-8th Semester Roll
No. 1446589 has undergone software training in “Infowiz Software Solution,
Sector 34A, Chandigarh.
As required of eight weeks project semester for the award of degree of B.Tech
Civil Engineering, college CHANDIGARH GROUP OF COLLEGE JHANJERI which is an
authentic record of my work.
If any discrepancy is found regarding the originality of this report I may be held
responsible. I have not copied from any report submitted earlier this or any other
university. This is purely original and authentic work.
JAPJEET SINGH
CERTIFICATE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am extremely thankful to Dr. Kishor Kulkarni, HOD, CGCTC Jhanjeri, Mohali for
valuable suggestions and motivation.
I am also thankful to Mr.Sarabjit Singh and Mr. Sachin Sharma, Training and
placement officers, Chandigarh Group of Colleges Technical Campus Jhanjeri, Mohali
(Punjab) for providing the opportunity to get the knowledge.
JAPJEET SINGH
ABSTRACT
As part of curriculum, and for the partial fulfillment of the requirements for completion of
B.TECH degree from Chandigarh Group of Colleges, technical campus, I Japjeet
Singh, underwent an software training at the Infowiz Software Solution for 8 weeks
during the months january 2018 - march 2018. The report consist of brief study and
description of softwares used for construction.
The report contains my 8 weeks experience in the hosting company. All the contents are
broadly explained and it is constructed from the practical basis.
In the content I have explained my overall internship familiarity in the last successive
months. This content is the main content that I have recorded and it contains overall
work I have been executing.
INTRODUCTION
3D Basics
3D Modeling
X , Y 5 , 5
@X , Y
@5 , 5
@ Distance <Angle
@ 5<45
DRAWING LINES
A LINE can be one segment or a series of connected segments. Each segment is a
individual object.
Type = L <enter>
TOOLBAR = DRAW
Lines are drawn by specifying the locations for the endpoints.
Move the cursor to the location of the “first” endpoint then press the left mouse
button. Move the cursor again to the “next” endpoint and press the left mouse
button. Continue locating “next” endpoints until you want to stop.
Point to point method
Command
Offset Distance
or
Explode X
Add Leader Lead
Array Ar
Rectangle Array
Polar Array
Path Array
Text ( Single line text ) Dt
Multiline Text Mt
Arc Text Arct
Table Text Tb
Revision Cloud Revc
Ray Ray
Construction Line Xl
Block B
Group G
Layers La
Insert Block I
Divide Div
Measure Mea
Region Reg
Time T
Lengthen Len
Leader Lea
Match Properties Match
2 D Drawing
Projects:-2d view in autocad planing
2d wireframe isometric view:-
INTRODUCTION TO STAAD.Pro
• It includes a state of the art user interface, visualization tools and international
design codes.
Staad is powerful design software licensed by Bentley .Staad stands for structural
analysis and design
Any object which is stable under a given loading can be considered as structure. So
first find the outline of the structure, where as analysis is the estimation of what are
the type of loads that acts on the beam and calculation of shear force and bending
moment comes under analysis stage. Design phase is designing the type of materials
and its dimensions to resist the load. this we do after the analysis.
To calculate S.F.D and B.M.D of a complex loading beam it takes about an hour. So
when it comes into the building with several members it will take a week. Staad pro is a
very powerful tool which does this job in just an hour’s staad is a best alternative for
high rise buildings.
Now a days most of the high rise buildings are designed by staad which
makes a compulsion for a civil engineer to know about this software.
This software can be used to carry rcc, steel, bridge, truss etc according to various
country codes.
STRUCTURE
• In case of STAAD
TYPES OF STRUCTURE
• A TRUSS structure consists of truss members who can have only axial member
forces and no bending in the members
• A PLANE structure is bound by a global X-Y coordinate system with loads in the
same plane
1. Dead load
2. Live Load
3. Wind Load
4. Seismic Load
• Dead load includes the self weight of the structure while live load consists of
superimposed load.
•After creating various load cases we have to assign them to the structure. For this we
have to first select that part of the structure on which load has to be assigned and then
assign it to that part provide definitions along with various load cases
DESIGN
• In India structures are designed by using various Indian codes for both concrete
and steel structures.
• The design in STAAD.Pro supports over 70 international codes and over 20 U.S.
codes in 7 languages.
• After designing the structure it is again analyzed and results of analysis for each
beam and column is shown in the output file
Assumptions in Design:
1. Using partial safety factor for loads in accordance with clause 36.4 of IS-456-2000 as
ϒt=1.5
2. Partial safety factor for material inaccordance with clause 36.4.2 is IS-456-2000 is
taken as 1.5 for concrete and 1.15 for steel.
D.L+L.L. 1.5
D.L+L.L+W.L 1.2
Density of materials used:
MATERIAL: DENSITY
DESIGN CONSTANTS:
Using M30 and Fe 415 grade of concrete and steel for beams, slabs, footings,
columns. Therefore:-
ii) Beams are assumed to be continuous over interior support and they frame in to the
column at ends.
Assumptions on design:-
3) For steel Fe 415 and steel is used for the distribution reinforcement.
Symbols:
The following symbols have been used in our project and its meaning is clearly
mentioned respective to it:
A - Area
DL -Dead load
LL - live load
Md - design moment
Mf -modification factor
pt -percentageof steel
Wd-factored load
ɸ -diameter of bar
3. International codes
4. Quality assurance
CONCLUSION
• Staad pro is widely used by most of the organization for their construction needs.
• Unfortunately, well skilled staad pro engineers are very hard to search.
• If we believe in the prediction of the industry experts then those students who will
be getting trained on staad pro in the current and upcoming two years will have bright and
successful career ahead in the real estate and construction domain
Dead loads consist of the permanent construction material loads compressing the roof,
floor, wall, and foundation systems, including claddings, finishes and fixed equipment.
Dead load is the total load of all of the components of the components of the building
that generally do not change over time, such as the steel columns,concrete floors,
bricks, roofing material etc.
the member. In load case we have option called self-weight which automatically
calculates weights using the properties of material i.e., density and after assignment of
Weight=Volume x Density
The above example shows a sample calculation of dead load. Dead load is calculated as
per IS 875 part 1.
4.4.2 Live Loads:
Live loads are produced by the use and occupancy of a building. Loads include those
from human occupants, furnishings, no fixed equipment, storage, and construction and
maintenance activities. As required to adequately define the loading condition, loads
are presented in terms of uniform area loads, concentrated loads, and uniform line
loads. The uniform and concentrated live loads should not be applied simultaneously n
a structural evaluation. Concentrated loads should be applied to a small area or
surface consistent with the application and should b e located or directed to give the
maximum load effect possible in end- use conditions. For example. The stair load of
300 pounds should be applied to the center of the stair tread between supports.
In staad we assign live load innermost U.D.L .we has to create a load case for live load
and select all the beams to carry such load. After the assignment of the live load the
structure appears as shown below.
For our structure live load is taken as 25 N/mm for design. Live
loads are calculated as per IS 875 part 2.
Fig 4.4.2a diagram of live load
4.4.3 Wind loads:
In the list of loads we can see wind load is present both in vertical and horizontal loads.
This is because wind load causes uplift of the roof by creating a negative (suction)
pressure on the top of the roof
In fact, most modern wind load specifications take account of wind load directionality and
other effects in determining nominal design loads in some simplified form(sbcci,1999;
ASCe,1999).this section further simplifies wind load design specifications to provide an
easy yet effective approach for designing designing typical residential buildings. Because
they vary substantially over the surface of a building. Wind loadstar considered attwo
different scales. on large scale, the load produced on the overall building are on major
structural systems that sustain wind loads from more than one surface of building, are
considered the main wind force resisting systems (MWFRS).the MWFRS of a home
includes the shear walls, Diaphragms that create the lateral force resisting systems
(LFRS).As well as the structural systems such as trusses that experience loads from two
surfaces are regimes of the building.
The wind loads applied to the MWFRS account for the large effects of time varying wind
pressures on the surface are surfaces of the building. On a Smaller scale, pressures are
somewhat greater on localized surface area of the building, particularly near abrupt
changes in building geometry (i.e., eaves, ridges, and corners). These higher wind
pressures occur on smaller areas, particularly affecting the loads borne by components
and cladding (e.g., sheathing, windows, doors, purling, studs).
The components and cladding (C&C) transfer localized time-varying loads to the
MWFRS, at which point the loads average out bothspatially and temporally since, at a
given time, some components may beat near peak loads while others are at substantially
less than peak.
The next section presents a simplified method for determining both MWFRS and C&C
wind loads. Since the loads in the section 3.6.2 are determined for specific applications,
the calculation of MWFRS and C&C wind loads is implication the values provided.
Design example
3.2 in section 3.10 demonstrate the calculation of wind loads by applying the simplified
method of the following section3.6.2to several design conditions associated with wind
loads and the load combinations.
1. Collecting the standard values of load intensities for a particular heights and
assigning of the loads for respective height.
We designed our structure using second method which involves the calculation of
wind load using wind speed.
In Hyderabad we have a wind speed of 45 kmph for 10m height and this value is
used in calculation.
After the assignment of wind load the structure looks as shown in figure
Gives basic wind speed of India, as applicable to 1mheight above means ground level
for different zones of the country. Basic wind speed is based on peak just velocity
averaged over a short time interval of about 3 seconds and corresponds to mean
heights above ground level in an open terrain.
The wind speed for some important cities/towns is given table below.
The basic wind speed (Vb) for any site shall be obtained the following effects to get
design wind velocity at any height (Vz)for the chosen structure.
a) Risk level
K3=topography factor
Table4.4.3.3
Basicwindspeedat10mforhightforsomeimportantcities/town:
Cuttack 50 Pune 39
Agra 47 Jhansi 47
Durbhanga 55 Raipur 39
Ahmadabad 39 Jodhpur 47
Darjeeling 47 Rajkot 39
Ajmer 47 Kanpur 47
Alomar 47 Kohima 44
Delhi 47 Roorkee 39
Amritsar 47 Kurnool 39
Alanson 47 Rourkela 39
Gangtok 47 Lakshadweep 39
Auragabad 39 Simla 39
Gauhati 50 Srinagar 39
Bahraich 47 Ludhina 47
Gaya 39 Surat 44
Bangalore 33 Madras 50
Gorakhpur Tiruchchirappalli 47
Varanasi 47 Madurai 39
Hyderabad 47 Trivandrum 39
Bareilly 44
47 Mandi 39
Impale 47 Udaipur 47
Bhatinda 47 Mangalore 39
Jabalpur 47 Vododara 44
Bhalali 39 Moradabad 47
Jaipur 47 Varanasi 33
Bhopal 39 Mysore 50
Jamshedpur 47 Vijayawada 50
Bhuvaneshwar 50 Nagpur 44
Bhuj 50 Vishakhapatnam 50
Bikaner 47 Naimital 47
Bikaro 47 Nasik 39
Bokaro 47 Nellore 50
Bombay 44 Panjim 39
Calcutta 50 Patiala 47
Calicut 47 Patna 47
Chandigarh 47 Pondicherry 50
Coimbatore 39 Porblair 44
Figure4.4.3.3b WindLoad
4.4.4 Floor load:
Floor load is calculated based on the load on the slabs. Assignment of floor load is
done by creating a load case for floor load. After the assignment of floor load our
structure looks as shown in the below figure.
All the load cases are tested by taking load factors and analyzing the building in
different load combination as per IS456and analyzed the building for all the
load combinations and results are taken and maximum load combination is
selected for the design
1.2
1.5 1.2
1.5 1.2
0
When the building is designed for both wind and seismic loads maximum
of both is taken. Because wind and seismic do not come at same time as
per code.
Q). Calculate the Bending moment, shear force and deflection of simply
supported beam in staad pro and compare it with manually?
Sol.) Let us take example a beam of 5m span having cross section of (0.5 x
S.F. at support = 10 KN
b) By analytically:
S.F. at support = Wl/2 = (4x5)/2 = 10 KN
Conclusion: The result obtained from the software and analytically are hundred
percent same.
Q).Draw the Shear force and bending moment diagram for the following beam
using Staad Pro.?
Sol.)
a) Shear force diagram:-
1.Designing using Softwares like Staad reduces lot of time in design work.
2.Details of each and every member can be obtained using staad pro.
3.All the List of failed beams can be Obtained and also Better Section is given
by the software.
The entire period of Software Training has given me good & important practical
exposure of construction work. At the end of the Software Training I feel myself
better equipped and ready to face the software problems related to Civil
Engineering works. In these six weeks, I have learnt how to deal with Authorities
and workers under supervision and I have become familiar with the fact that the
actual designing work is much difficult from theoretical knowledge. But until you
don’t have the theoretical knowledge, the practical work is very difficult to carry-
out and understand.
There are four basic phase of any project in civil engineering era:
Planning
Designing
Construction
Maintenance
At the construction site we deal with the construction and maintenance phase of
project but by the means of software training we learn the initial two phase of
project which are Planning and designing.
Working with experienced structure designers has enhanced my technical
skills to a great extent for which I am grateful to them. Their professional
approach towards work is appreciable.
The training has provided me with much needed field exposure to shape up my
thinking in a better way as a professional making me a lot more capable to face
the challenges of life
.References:
Code Books
1.IS 456-2000 code book for design of beams, columns and slabs