Professional Documents
Culture Documents
26
Isolators and Absorbers
9.10 Vibration Isolation
• Active isolator comprised of servomechanism with sensor, signal processor
and actuator.
27
Isolators and Absorbers
9.10 Vibration Isolation
• Protect base of vibrating machine against large unbalanced or impulsive
forces
Fi (t ) = kx(t ) + cx (t )
28
Isolators and Absorbers
9.10.1 Vibration isolation system with rigid foundation
• Resilient member placed between vibrating machine and rigid foundation
29
Isolators and Absorbers
9.10.1 Vibration isolation system with rigid foundation
Reduction of Force transmitted to foundation:
• Equation of motion: mx + cx + kx = F0 cos ωt
F0 k 2 + ω 2 c 2
FT = (kx ) + (cx )
2 2
= X k 2 + ω 2c 2 =
(k − mω ) 2 2
+ ω 2c 2
Isolators and Absorbers
9.10.1 Vibration isolation system with rigid foundation
• Transmissibility
FT k 2 + ω 2c 2
T= =
( k − mω )
f
2 2
F0 + ω 2c 2
1 + ( 2ζ r )
2
ω
= where r
(1 − r ) + ( 2ζ r ) ωn
2 2 2
FT k 2 + ω 2c 2
T= =
( k − mω )
f
2 2
F0 + ω 2c 2
REMEMBER 1 + ( 2ζ r ) 2
ω
= where r
(1 − r ) + ( 2ζ r ) 2 2 2
ωn
1 + ( 2ζ r )
2
Tf =
(1 − r ) + ( 2ζ r )
2 2 2
1
Tf for r > 2 and small ζ
r −1
2
Isolators and Absorbers
9.10.1 Vibration isolation system with rigid foundation
• Displacement transmissibility
» As we previously studied
X 1
T= =
(1 − r ) + ( 2ζ r )
d
Y 2 2 2
Isolators and Absorbers
Example 9.4
• An exhaust fan, rotating at 1000rpm, is to be supported by 4 springs, each
having a stiffness of K. If only 10% of the unbalanced force of the fan is to
be transmitted to the base, what should the value of K? Assume the mass of
the exhaust fan to be 40kg.
35
Isolators and Absorbers
Example 9.4
2
ω
• Transmissibility = 0.1 1 + 2ζ
ωn
0.1 =
2 2
ω ω
2
−
1 + 2 ζ
ωn ωn
1000 × 2π
• Forcing frequency ω= = 104.72 rad/s
60
• Natural frequency k 4K K
ωn = = =
m 40 3.1623
• Assuming ζ=0, 0.1 =
±1
104.72 × 3.1623 2
1 −
K
2πN
– By defining
k g
ωn = = and ω = ,
m δ st 60
– Therefore:
ω 2π N δ st 2−R
r= = = where R = 1 − T f
ωn 60 g 1− R
30 g 2 − R 2−R
N = 29.9092
π δ st 1 − R δ st (1 − R )
Isolators and Absorbers
Example 9.6
• A stereo turntable, of mass 1kg, generates an excitation force at a
frequency of 3Hz. If it is supported on a base through a rubber mount,
determine the stiffness of the rubber mount to reduce the vibration
transmitted to the base by 80%.
38
Isolators and Absorbers
9.10.2 Isolation of source of vibration from surroundings
Isolators and Absorbers
Example 9.4
• An exhaust fan, rotating at 1000rpm, is to be supported by 4 springs, each
having a stiffness of K. If only 10% of the unbalanced force of the fan is to
be transmitted to the base, what should the value of K? Assume the mass of
the exhaust fan to be 40kg.
40