Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Cours D'éléctricité
Cours D'éléctricité
%RQMRXU
&RXUVG¶pOHFWULFLWp± &ODVVHV0DHW0F
'LYLVHXUGHWHQVLRQjYLGH
81 = 51 ⋅ ,1
I1
8 = 5 ⋅ ,
R1 2 2 2
8 = 81 + 8 2
U1
IL
Ui I2 8 = 8
0 2
U2 R2 Uo0 ,1 = , 2 + , = , 2
8 = 81 + 8 0
8 = 51 ⋅ ,1 + 52 ⋅ , 2 = (51 + 52 )⋅ ,1
8
,1 =
(51 + 52 )
52
8 0 = 52 ⋅ ,1 = ⋅8
(51 + 52 )
&RXUVG¶pOHFWULFLWp± &ODVVHV0DHW0F
'LYLVHXUGHWHQVLRQHQFKDUJH
I1
Re IL
U1 R1
IL
Ui I2 Uo0 Uo RL
U2 R2 Uo RL
8 0 = 8 + 0 − , * ⋅ 5)
52
8( 0 = ⋅8 '
(51 + 52 )
1 5 ⋅5
5& = 51 // 52 = = 1 2
1
+
1 5 1 + 52
51 52
! ! " " # $ $ %
&RXUVG¶pOHFWULFLWp± &ODVVHV0DHW0F
'LYLVHXUGHWHQVLRQHQFKDUJH
I1 I1 I1
R1 R1 Ui
U1 U1
IL
Ui I2 Ui
R1+ R2//RL
U2 R2 Uo RL R2//RL Uo
1 5 ⋅ 5:
52 // 5: = = 2
1
+
1 52 +5
:
52 // 5= 8<
52 5: 80 = 8> ⋅ ,1 =
(51 + 52 // 5= ) (51 + 52 // 5; )
52 ⋅ 5?
52 + 5? 52 ⋅ 5? 1
80 = 8@ ⋅ = 8@ ⋅ = 8@ ⋅
52 ⋅ 5? 5 ⋅ (5 + 5 ? )+ 5 ⋅ 5? 5 5
51 + 1 2 2 1+ 1
+ 1
52 + 5? 52 5?
- . / 0 1 23 4 5 5 63 3 3 3 6 7 8 8 9 ,
&RXUVG¶pOHFWULFLWp± &ODVVHV0DHW0F
'LYLVHXUGHWHQVLRQHQFKDUJH
I1
1
80 = 8R ⋅
51 + 52 51 + 52 51 52
+ ⋅ ⋅
U1 R1
52 52 5 51 + 52
Q
IL
Ui I2
U2 R2 Uo RL
52 ⋅ 5O
52 + 5O 52 ⋅ 5O 1
80 = 8P ⋅ = 8P ⋅ = 8P ⋅
52 ⋅ 5O 5 ⋅ (5 + 5 O )+ 5 ⋅ 5O 5 5
51 + 1 2 2 1+ 1
+ 1
52 + 5O 52 5O
B C D E F GH I J J KH H H H K L M M N A
&RXUVG¶pOHFWULFLWp± &ODVVHV0DHW0F
'LYLVHXUGHWHQVLRQHQFKDUJH
I1
1
80 = 8R ⋅
51 + 52 51 + 52 51 52
+ ⋅ ⋅
U1 R1
52 52 5 51 + 52
Q
IL
Ui I2
1
80 = 8R ⋅
U2 R2 Uo RL 51 + 52 51 + 52 1 51 ⋅ 52
+ ⋅ ⋅
52 52 5Q 51 + 52
52 52
8d ⋅
5 + 5 51 + 52 8c 0
80 = 8d ⋅ 1 2
= =
51 // 52 51 // 52 5b
1+ 1+ 1+
5 a 5 a 5a
5g 5j 5k
8 0 ⋅ 1 + = 8 e 80 + 80 ⋅ = 8h 80 = 8 m 0 −80 ⋅ = 8 m 0 − , l ⋅ 5k
5f 5i 5l
0 0
T U V W X YZ [ \ \ ]Z Z Z Z ] ^ _ _ ` S
&RXUVG¶pOHFWULFLWp± &ODVVHV0DHW0F
5pGXFWLRQGHVFLUFXLWV
|
2EMHFWLIV G¶XQHPpWKRGHGH
UpGXFWLRQGHVFLUFXLWV
}
$YHFpOpPHQWVGpMj
O¶DQDO\VHG¶XQFLUFXLW SHXW
rWUHWUqVFRPSOH[H
}
6RXYHQWRQQ¶DEHVRLQ
TX¶jXQHSHWLWHSDUWLH GHV
FRXUDQWVHWWHQVLRQV G¶XQ
FLUFXLW
o p q r s tu v w w xu u u u x y z z { n
&RXUVG¶pOHFWULFLWp± &ODVVHV0DHW0F
5pGXFWLRQGHVFLUFXLWV
|
7KpRUqPHGH7KpYHQLQ
7RXWFLUFXLWj ERUQHV
} Ri I
RXYHUWHV$HW%
FRPSRVp GHSOXVLHXUV
VRXUFHVHWGHSOXVLHXUV RL
UpVLVWDQFHV SHXWrWUH
U
U0
UHPSODFp SDUVRXUFH
UpHOOHGHWHQVLRQ
FDUDFWpULVpHSDUVD
WHQVLRQj YLGH8 HWVD
UpVLVWDQFHLQWHUQH5
o p q r s tu v w w xu u u u x y z z { ~
&RXUVG¶pOHFWULFLWp± &ODVVHV0DHW0F
5pGXFWLRQGHVFLUFXLWV
3URFpGXUHVGHUpGXFWLRQ
5HPSODFHPHQW GHVpOpPHQWVGHPrPHW\SHFRQQHFWpVHQVpULH SDUXQ
pOpPHQWpTXLYDOHQW
5HPSODFHPHQW GHVpOpPHQWVGHPrPHW\SHFRQQHFWpVHQSDUDOOqOH SDU
XQpOpPHQWpTXLYDOHQW
5HPSODFHPHQW G¶XQHVRXUFHGHWHQVLRQSDU XQH VRXUFHGHFRXUDQW
pTXLYDOHQWHHWUpFLSURTXHPHQW
5HPSODFHPHQW G¶XQHVWUXFWXUHHQpWRLOH SDUXQHVWUXFWXUHHQWULDQJOHHW
UpFLSURTXHPHQW
$SSOLFDWLRQ GXSULQFLSHGHVXSHUSRVLWLRQ
6XSSUHVVLRQ G¶pOpPHQWVVXSHUIOXVGRQWOHFRPSRUWHPHQWDXUpJLPH
FRQVLGpUp FRUUHVSRQGj XQFRXUWFLUFXLWRXj XQFLUFXLWRXYHUW
&RXUVG¶pOHFWULFLWp± &ODVVHV0DHW0F
(OpPHQWVFRQQHFWpVHQVpULH
5pVLVWDQFHVHQVpULH
R1 R2 R3 Re
{ ¡
5£ = 51 + 52 + 53 + = ∑ 5¢
¢
=1
6RXUFHVGHWHQVLRQHQVpULH
{
U1 U2 U3 Ue
¤
8 ¦ = 81 + 8 2 + 8 3 + = ∑8 ¥
¥
=1
&RXUVG¶pOHFWULFLWp± &ODVVHV0DHW0F
(OpPHQWVFRQQHFWpVHQSDUDOOqOH
¶
5pVLVWDQFHVHQSDUDOOqOH
{
I1 I2 I3 I
1 1
5¹ = = ·
1 1 1 1
R1 R2 R3 Re
+ + ∑
51 52 53 ¸ =1 5¸
¶
6RXUFHVGHFRXUDQWHQSDUDOOqOH
º
I1 I2 I3
{ Ie
, ¼ = ,1 + , 2 + , 3 = ∑ , »
»
=1
© ª « ¬ ®¯ ° ± ± ²¯ ¯ ¯ ¯ ² ³ ´ ´ µ §¨§
&RXUVG¶pOHFWULFLWp± &ODVVHV0DHW0F
6RXUFHGHWHQVLRQÃÄ 6RXUFHGHFRXUDQW
I Ri I
I0
Ui Ish
Circuit Circuit
Rsh U de
U de
U0 charge charge
u
Source de tension Source de courant
équivalente : U0co= Uco équivalente :
80
8 0 = 8 ×ÒØ = 5ÓÖÔ • , 0 , 0 = , ÑÒÑ = Í
Õ U 5
5 = 5ÓÐÔ Rish= Rsh
5ÎÐÏ = 5Í
i
I I0 = IIcc0
À Á Â Ã Ä ÅÆ Ç È È ÉÆ Æ Æ Æ É Ê Ë Ë Ì ½¿¾
&RXUVG¶pOHFWULFLWp± &ODVVHV0DHW0F
([HPSOHGHUHPSODFHPHQWV
I0 I0
R1 Re
R2 R1 R2 Re
U0 U0’
80
I1
,0 = 5é = 51 // 52 8 0 ’= 5è • , 0
51
51 • 52 5è
U1 R1
IL
5é = 8 0 ’= •8 0
Ui I2 51 + 52 51
U2 R2 52 52
8 0 ’= •8 0
Uo0
8 ë 0 = 52 ⋅ ,1 = ⋅8 ê
(51 + 52 ) 51 + 52
Û Ü Ý Þ ß àá â ã ã äá á á á ä å æ æ ç Ù¿Ú
&RXUVG¶pOHFWULFLWp± &ODVVHV0DHW0F
([HUFLFHV
î ï ð ñ ò óô õ ö ö ÷ô ô ô ô ÷ ø ù ù ú ìí