Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority, Islamic Republic of Pakistan

Diamer Basha Dam Project

Bidding Documents (Contract MW-1) Part ll: Particular Technical Specifications
Volume 3A - Technical Specifications For Main Dam and Appurtenant Structures i
PART II - PARTICULAR TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
CHAPTER 13 – PERMANENT ACCESS BRIDGE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

13. PERMANENT ACCESS BRIDGE........................................................13-1

13.1 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................13-1

13.2 GEOMETRIC DESIGN............................................................................................13-1

13.2.1 Waterways.....................................................................................................13-1
13.2.2 Bridge Widths and Vertical Clearances.........................................................13-1
13.2.3 Span..............................................................................................................13-2
13.2.4 Alignment, Profile and Super Elevation.........................................................13-2
13.2.4.1 Horizontal Alignment............................................................................................ 13-2
13.2.4.2 Vertical Alignment and Longitudinal Slope...........................................................13-2
13.2.4.3 Super Elevation.................................................................................................... 13-2
13.3 DESIGN CRITERIA AND STANDARDS FOR DETAILED DESIGN.........................13-3
13.3.1 Expected Geotechnical Conditions................................................................13-3
13.3.1.1 Geology and expected Materials..........................................................................13-3
13.3.1.2 Foundation conditions and geotechnical aspects.................................................13-3
13.3.2 Design Criteria...............................................................................................13-3
13.3.3 Load Combinations.......................................................................................13-4
13.3.4 Construction Methodology.............................................................................13-4
13.3.5 Submissions..................................................................................................13-5
13.4 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE........................................................................13-6

13.5 WARRANTY............................................................................................................ 13-6

13.6 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT..........................................................................13-6

13.7 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS..............................................................................13-6

13.7.1 Substructure..................................................................................................13-6
13.7.1.1 Abutment block..................................................................................................... 13-6
13.7.1.2 Cast In Place Prestressed Box Girder..................................................................13-6
13.7.1.3 Retaining Walls.................................................................................................... 13-6
13.7.1.4 Reinforcing Steel.................................................................................................. 13-6
13.7.1.5 Prestressing cables..............................................................................................13-6
13.7.1.6 Grouting............................................................................................................... 13-6
13.7.2 Superstructure...............................................................................................13-7
13.7.2.1 Wearing course.................................................................................................... 13-7
13.7.2.2 Road Marking....................................................................................................... 13-7
13.7.2.3 New Jersey barrier............................................................................................... 13-7
13.7.2.4 Traffic signs.......................................................................................................... 13-7
13.7.2.5 Roadway Drainage...............................................................................................13-7
13.7.2.6 Lighting................................................................................................................. 13-7
13.8 CONSTRUCTION TIME OF BRIDGE.....................................................................13-7
Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority, Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Diamer Basha Dam Project
Bidding Documents (Contract MW-1) Part ll: Particular Technical Specifications
Volume 3A - Technical Specifications For Main Dam and Appurtenant Structures ii

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Design floods for Permanent Access Bridge............................................................................13-1

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure-1: Clearance Diagram for the transportation of the Main Transformer.......................................13-2
Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority, Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Diamer Basha Dam Project
Bidding Documents (Contract MW-1) Part ll: Particular Technical Specifications
Volume 3A - Technical Specifications For Main Dam and Appurtenant Structures 1
13. PERMANENT ACCESS BRIDGE
13.1 INTRODUCTION

Permanent access bridge shall accommodate access to the right bank of the Indus River, during
construction for facilitating transport of equipment for hydro-mechanical and electrical
equipment. After impounding of reservoir, the bridge shall provide access to the settlements
located on the right bank.
The Contractor shall design, supply, fabricate and construct permanent access bridge across
Indus River in accordance with the requirements stipulated in this Chapter and as approved by
the Engineer.
This chapter provides the minimum requirements for bridge roadway and facility widths, vertical
under-clearances and design live loads. All elevations, water levels, dimensions etc. shown on
the drawings are tentative which may vary as per project requirements.

13.2 GEOMETRIC DESIGN

Unless specifically noted in the provisions, the geometric design standards provided in this
section shall refer to the AASHTO - A Policy for Geometric Design of Highways and Streets
(Latest). The bridge and allied components shall be designed for a design speed of 60 km/hr.

13.2.1 Waterways

To assure a safe passage for a 100 year design flood (Q100) and debris an adequate hydraulic
opening must be provided. In addition a minimum freeboard of 5000 mm for the 10,000-year
flood (normal operation condition for the spillway) shall be considered as satisfying normal
hydraulic clearance requirements. The tentative design water levels are given in the following
TABLE-1. Design based on actual water levels shall be carried out by the Contractor for
approval by the Consultants.
Table 1: Design floods for Permanent Access Bridge

Discharge Maximum Water Level

[m3/s] [masl]
Q100 14,300 966.80
Q10.000 20,170 970.00

13.2.2 Bridge Widths and Vertical Clearances

Inside clear width of bridge roadway shall be min. 7.9m plus shoulders and inside clear width of
walkways (on either side of the bridge) shall be 0.750m and 0.4m wide New Jersey NJ barrier.
Please refer drawing number CW50-102 for details.
Minimum vertical clearances requirements help accommodate the movement of large vehicles
for maintenance operations, utility work, and construction, electrical and mechanical equipment.
To facilitate the movement of general vehicles a minimum vertical clearance of 5.5m should be
kept. However, for the transportation of the main transformers the tentative clearance of the
following Clearance Diagram in FIGURE-1 is provided. Exact clearance values shall be used for
the bridge design as per requirements of equipment manufacturer/vendor.
 Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority, Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Diamer Basha Dam Project
Bidding Documents (Contract MW-1) Part ll: Particular Technical Specifications
Volume 3A - Technical Specifications For Main Dam and Appurtenant Structures 2

Figure-1: Clearance Diagram for the transportation of the Main Transformer

13.2.3 Span

The maximum main span length is given by the following requirements and constrains:
 Clearance for water crossing
 Altitude of right and left bank access road
 Due to the expected river bed degradation and the high sediment load of the river
Indus, a foundation in the river bed should be avoided
As result of these constrains the minimum tentative length of the main span (centre to centre of
the expansion joints) shall be approximately 200 m.

13.2.4 Alignment, Profile and Super Elevation

2.4.1 Horizontal Alignment

The alignment of a bridge is controlled by the KKH-Highway, the design speed and traffic
volume. To guarantee a simple structural system for the Permanent Access Bridge the
horizontal alignment should be straight.
The minimum radius of curves in the approach road must exceed 25.0 m. Spiral alignments and
compound curve alignments on structures should be avoided.

2.4.2 Vertical Alignment and Longitudinal Slope

The tentative elevation of the Permanent Access Bridge is 980.00 m asl (given by the right and
left bank approach road). The bridge deck shall be cambered to account for the effect of
prestress force and dead loads.
A longitudinal slope should be avoided.

2.4.3 Super Elevation

Bridge roadway shall be have cross slope 1.5 %. Transitions in the cross slope of a bridge deck
should be avoided whenever possible.
 Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority, Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Diamer Basha Dam Project
Bidding Documents (Contract MW-1) Part ll: Particular Technical Specifications
Volume 3A - Technical Specifications For Main Dam and Appurtenant Structures 3
13.3 DESIGN CRITERIA AND STANDARDS FOR DETAILED DESIGN

13.3.1 Expected Geotechnical Conditions

3.1.1 Geology and expected Materials

In the foundation areas on both banks the bedrock consists of massive, slightly to unweathered
hard gabbronorite rock. On the left bank a thin layer of overburden material mainly consisting of
alluvial gravels and river deposited sand is expected in the area of the pylon. Its thickness is
expected not to exceed 5 m.

3.1.2 Foundation conditions and geotechnical aspects

On the left bank the abutment is lying on sound gabbronorite rock. Any obviously weakened
material at surface like boulders, scree and remnants of alluvial or colluvial deposits have to be
removed. Generally, it is expected that after an excavation depth of 2 m in bedrock the rock
mass is revealing good foundation conditions. Depending on the actual conditions during
excavation, the Contractor may reduce the excavation depth after prior approval of the
Engineer.
The geotechnical conditions for the anchor block on the left abutment are similar as described
before.
On the right bank, the geotechnical conditions for the abutment and anchor block are similar as
expected on the left bank.

The geological/geotechnical conditions mentioned above are guidelines for the Contractor. The
Contractor, however, shall acquire all necessary information about the site and soil
conditions. The engineering design and construction of the bridge abutments, piers, footing
and anchors shall be performed accordingly.

13.3.2 Design Criteria

The Permanent Access Bridge must be designed according to AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design
Specifications (Latest Edition). The design methodology shall be "Load and Resistance Factor
Design (LRFD)".
The bridge shall be designed to carry not less than the AASHTO live load and the Main
Transformer Transport Vehicle (tentative load approx. 150 ton). However, design shall be based
on actual loads which may vary as per project requirements.
The structural calculations shall incorporate but not be limited to the following loads:
 Dead loads and Superimposed dead loads
 Pedestrian Live loads
 Vehicular Live Load
 Ice loads
 Wind loads (3 second gust wind speed= 100mph)
 Force effects due to creep, shrinkage, Settlement, temperature gradient, uniform
temperature etc.
 Forces from post-tensioning
 Hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads
 Earth surcharge loads
 Earth pressure loads
Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority, Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Diamer Basha Dam Project
Bidding Documents (Contract MW-1) Part ll: Particular Technical Specifications
Volume 3A - Technical Specifications For Main Dam and Appurtenant Structures 4
 Seismic loads
 Seismic inertia force
 Earthquake dynamic earth pressure
 Dynamic earthquake load

The vertical deflection and lateral deflection of the bridge under dead loads, live loads and
lateral loads should be within the permissible limits specified in the relevant codes and
standards.

Also vibration requirements of the relevant codes and standards shall be fulfilled. Vibrations
shall not cause damage to the structure and shall not cause discomfort or concern to users of
the bridge.

13.3.3 Load Combinations

Load combinations will be considered as per AASHTO LRFD code and design will be carried
out for the worst load combination.

13.3.4 Construction Methodology

 The contractor shall submit his construction methodology in accordance with AASHTO
specifications for design and construction of segmental concrete bridge prior to undertaking
any construction activity at site.
 Sufficiently in advance of the start of field construction operation, so as to allow the engineer
not less than 45 calendar day review period, the contractor shall submit according to
schedule , complete details and information concerning the method materials, equipment,
and procedure the contractor propose to use in constructing that portion of super structure
for which the information is furnished. The submittal shall include a step by step erection
procedure. The contractor submittal for approval shall consists of Computer model (on CSi
Bridge 2015), all the design calculations, drawings, geotechnical report, and geometric,
geological/geotechnical, hydrological/hydraulic and all kind of relevant information.
 BIM-based (Autodesk Revit etc.) Bridge model for optimization of design, construction
sequences, construction scheduling, construction management, construction process
monitoring, as-built conditions, facility management, future repair/maintenance/retrofit etc.

 The contractor shall submit deflection and /or camber data calculations for each stage of
construction as required to construct structure to its final grade. The procedure used for
calculation shall account for the effect of immediate prestress losses, time dependent
prestress losses, and creep which will occur during the construction phase. The data for the
entire bridge, based on the contractor’s proposed erection sequence, method and schedule,
shall be submitted to the engineer for review prior to commencing construction.
 The camber of the structure will be monitored by the contractor at each stage and corrective
actions as approved by the engineer shall be performed by the contractor to assure proper
erection of the structure to its final grade.
 The contractor shall submit the geometric control plan for regular monitoring of the super
structure deflection beginning with the addition of first cantilever segment and concluding
with the last cantilever segment. The plan shall include the adjusting procedure to be utilized
for the cantilever as erected deviate from the predicted alignment by more than 25mm.
Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority, Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Diamer Basha Dam Project
Bidding Documents (Contract MW-1) Part ll: Particular Technical Specifications
Volume 3A - Technical Specifications For Main Dam and Appurtenant Structures 5
 The bridge shall be constructed by the cantilever method using travelling gantries and
closure equipment.
 The weight of travelling gantries including all form work shall not exceed 600KN.
 Weight of the closure equipment including forms shall not exceed 400KN.
 The construction stages of the bridge are outlined below:
1. Construction of Abutment block on each side and anchoring of prestressed tendons.
2. Construction of segments on both sides of each abutment simultaneously complete
in all respect.
3. Gantries to be removed after casting/prestressing of segments S21 on each side.
4. Closure equipment shall be moved in place on segment no. S21, the 200m span will
be completed by pouring the closure segment and stressing the bottom prestressing
for continuity.
5. Construction of sidewalks, barriers shall be done, asphalt overlay shall be applied.

13.3.5 Submissions

The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer two copies of each of the following:
 Shop drawings, details and calculations in accordance with Clause 13.3.4; incorporating all
alterations and amendments such that they accurately reflect the details as constructed.
 Complete detailed technical specifications of the bridge for approval from the Engineer
 Main report including, but not limited to, sections on standards utilized, design criteria,
meteorological data related to wind speeds and snow loads, structural system description,
geotechnical report (including soil type, all design parameters like bearing pressure, active
pressure, passive pressure, sliding coefficients, seismic parameters, and slope stability /
landslide analysis, etc.).
 As-Built drawings in PDF and CAD including all topography, elevations, structural
information (geometry, cable profile, size, quantity, material grades, and manufacturer
designations), and details required to illustrate the as-built conditions etc.
 BIM-based (Autodesk Revit etc.) Bridge model for optimization of design, construction
sequences, construction scheduling, construction management, construction process
monitoring, as-built conditions, facility management, future repair/maintenance/retrofit etc.
 If in the opinion of the Engineer the Contractor's submissions do not meet the requirements
of the Contract, the Engineer will notify the Contractor who shall make appropriate
amendments to the submissions and, shall forward three further copies within 30 days of the
Engineer's notification. The procedure described above shall apply to all resubmissions.
 The Contractor shall supply to the Engineer four copies and one reproducible of the
drawings approved by the Engineer and four copies of the specifications and other
information approved by the Engineer.
 HSE (Health, Safety & Environment) management Plan / Program
 Detailed portfolio/profile of the Designer selected by the Contractor for the Design of bridge
along with requisite experience of similar or larger span bridges.
Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority, Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Diamer Basha Dam Project
Bidding Documents (Contract MW-1) Part ll: Particular Technical Specifications
Volume 3A - Technical Specifications For Main Dam and Appurtenant Structures 6
13.4 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE

The Contractor will be responsible for Operation and Maintenance of Permanent Access Bridge
from the date that the said facility is available for use at site till the completion of Contract MW-1
including routine visual inspection, maintenance, repair etc. of all its members while ensuring
uninterrupted flow of traffic during the construction/maintenance period and during its use by
other Contractors. All labour, staffing, equipment, consumable parts, material and related parts,
repair/ replacement costs etc. required for operation and maintenance of the Bridge shall be
included in the cost of bridge.

13.5 WARRANTY

The Contractor shall provide a warranty against defects in bridge and workmanship for a period
of ten years beyond the defects notification period.

13.6 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

The cost of designing and constructing the permanent access bridge across the Indus River
including operation and maintenance shall be paid as a lump sum item. Payment for this item
will be made as per the milestones submitted by the Contractor and approved by the Engineer
in accordance with the Clause 57.2 of Conditions of Contract.

13.7 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

13.7.1 Substructure

13.7.1.1 Abutment block

Concrete strength shall not be less than 28Mpa i-e 4000 Psi (compressive cylinder strength at
28 days)

13.7.1.2 Cast In Place Prestressed Box Girder

Concrete strength shall not be less than 42Mpa i-e 6000 Psi (compressive cylinder strength at
28 days)

13.7.1.3 Retaining Walls

Concrete and Reinforced Concrete according to standard specifications but concrete strength
shall not be less than compressive cylinder strength at 28 days 28Mpa (4000 Psi)

13.7.1.4 Reinforcing Steel

All reinforcing steel to be used in reinforced concrete works shall conform to ASTM 615 Grade
60 with minimum yield strength of 414MPa or ASTM A706.

13.7.1.5 Prestressing cables

Prestressing steel shall be normal relaxation strands conforming to AASHTO M203 (ASTM A-
416), Grade 270 having minimum ultimate tensile strength of 1862 MPa (270,000 Psi)

13.7.1.6 Grouting
High strength grouting shall be done according to standard specifications
Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority, Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Diamer Basha Dam Project
Bidding Documents (Contract MW-1) Part ll: Particular Technical Specifications
Volume 3A - Technical Specifications For Main Dam and Appurtenant Structures 7
13.7.2 Superstructure

In this proposal, Cast in Place (CIP) post-tensioned variable depth box Girder Bridge (single
cell) with a span of 200m with parabolic profile and balanced by the Anchor solid anchor block
and prestressed tendons at abutments on both sides.
The bridge cross section has been proportioned based on AASHTO LRFD guidelines. For the
ease construction, single cell cast in places prestressed box girder with vertical webs shall be
considered. The length of each segment shall be considered between 3-6 meters.
Construction methodology is mentioned on the drawing number CW50-103.

13.7.2.1 Wearing course

Wearing course according to the NHA Pakistan Specifications and as shown in the drawings.

13.7.2.2 Road Marking

Road marking according to the Chapter on Road and Pavement Works of this Specification.

13.7.2.3 New Jersey barrier

NJ Barrier shall be installed on either side of bridge. Continuous guard rails shall be located on
both sides of the carriage, according to standard specifications.

13.7.2.4 Traffic signs

Traffic signs according to the Chapter on Road and Pavement Works of this Specification and
as shown in the drawings.

13.7.2.5 Roadway Drainage

Road drainage according to the Chapter on Road and Pavement Works of this Specification and
as shown in the drawings.

13.7.2.6 Lighting
Lighting according to the Chapter on Road and Pavement Works of this Specification and as
shown in the drawings.

13.8 CONSTRUCTION TIME OF BRIDGE

The construction time of bridge shall be two (02) years.