1: the Hamiltonian can be constructed from the lagrangian using the formula

a) H = Ṗ𝑖𝑞𝑖 − 𝐿
b) H = Pq.-L
𝜕𝐿
c) H =
𝜕𝜑𝑖

d) 1/L

2: The general expression for conjugate momentum is Pi = 𝜕𝐿/𝑞𝑗 given

lagrangian is L = ½ mx.2 –V(x) what is x. conjugate momentum

a) ½ mx.2
b) mx
c) m𝒙̇
d) –(𝜕𝑉/𝜕𝑋)

3: The usual expression for the conserved angular momentum in a central force
problem is

a) L = mr2𝜃.
b) L = m/r2𝜃.
c) L= J/K
d) l = 1/2mr2𝜃.

𝜕𝐻
4: If = 0 then
𝜕𝑡

a) the Hamiltonian is not necessarily a constant of motion, but it is

necessarily the total energy of the system.
b) Hamiltonian is a constant of motion, but it is not necessarily the total
energy of the system.
c) None of these
5: Lagrangian equation is ……. For any generalized coordinates

a) Same
b) Different

6: newton’s law do not holds good for particles

a) Move with velocity comparable to velocity of light

b) Moving with high velocity
c) At rest
d) None of these

7: A central force

a) Can produced torque

b) Can never produce torque
c) Sometimes yes some time
d) Has no relation with torque

8: the torque depends upon

a) Magnitude of force
b) Magnitude of displacement
c) Magnitude of force and displacement
d) None of these

9: Hamilton’s principle is an example of Hamiltonian

a) Yes
b) No

10: the path which is cycloid in known as

a) Catenary
b) Brachistochrone
 c) Cyclone
d) Helical

11: units of angular momentum is

a) Kg m/sec
b) Kg m2/sec2
c) Kg m/sec2
d) Kg m2/sec

12: the work done due to friction is always

a) Positive
b) Negative
c) Both a & b
d) 0

13: If f (c) <0

a) The central force is positive or negative

b) The central force is negative or attractive
c) The central force is positive or repulsive
d) The central force is negative or repulsive

14: due to the presence of central force Arial velocity is

a) Zero
b) Constant
c) Not constant
d) None of these

15: the curve which gives shortest distance between two points on a given
surface is known as

a) Brachistochrone
 b) Geodesics of surface
c) Catenary
d) None of these

16: virtual displacement depend upon

a) Coordinates
b) Time
c) Both a & b
d) None

17: Routh’s procedure deals with

a) Polar coordinates
b) Generalized coordinates
c) Cyclic coordinates
d) Buss

18: If direction of ‘F’ and ‘r’ is reversed then torque is

a) Also changed
b) Remains unchanged
c) Magnitude changes
d) None of these

19: The relation between the De Broglie and Bohr’s theory

a) Energy
b) Momentum
c) nħ = ⋋ 𝑃
d) none of these

20: Radius of Bohr’s r=?

a) 𝜶on2
 b) 𝛼on3
c) 𝛼on
d) None of these

21: what are the value of stationary states if <A>t=5 =5 what will be <A>t=10 =?

a) 5
b) 10i + 5
c) 10
d) 15

22: when waves are combine the add?

a) No. of particles
b) Amplitude
c) Intensities
d) None of these

23: 𝜑 = 𝑒ikx what will be the momentum operator?

a) 𝑖ħ
b) 𝑖𝑘
c) ħ/𝑖
d) none of these

24: Dimension of angular momentum resemble with

a) energy
b) momentum
c) angular momentum
d) none of these

25: If B & A are hermition operator then ( AB + BA ) is equal to?

 a) Anti hermition
b) Skew hermition
c) Hermition
d) None of these

𝜕𝑖𝑘𝑎2
26: Ѱ = .𝑥
𝜕𝑧

𝛼
a)
4
𝛼
b)
2
𝛼
c) k
2

d) none of these

27: In hermition operator the Eigen value?

a) Real
b) Complex
c) Both
d) None of these

28: Time dependent S.W.E. ħ2𝜕2/𝜕x2

a) E Ѱ
b) Ĥφ
c) All
d) None of these

29: <S2> - <S>2 =? What will be the answer?

a) <∆S>
b) <∆S>2
c) <X>
d) None of these
30: |Ѱ|2 tell us the

a) Probability
b) Probability density
c) Both
d) None of these

31: If the relation (<Ѱ|φ>*)* =?

a) (Ѱ|φ)*
b) (Ѱ|φ)
c) <Ѱ|φ>
d) <φ|Ѱ>

𝑑𝑤
32: If the relation (w angular frequency) ?
𝑑𝑘

a) Vphase
b) Vclassic
c) Vgroup
d) All of these

33: the value of E within the field due to a point charge can be found with the
….

a) Gauss’s law
b) Faraday’s law
c) Kirchhoff’s law
d) Coulomb’s law

34: a region around a stationary electric charge has

a) An electric field
b) A magnetic field
c) Both a & b
 d) None of above

35: electric intensity outside the two oppositely charged parallel metal plate is

a) Maximum
b) Minimum
c) Zero
d) Infinite

36: the proportionality constant in coulomb’s law has unit of

a) Farads
b) Farads/meter
c) Newton
d) Meter/farads

37: electric flux line originate at

a) Positive charges
b) Negative charges
c) Closed loop
d) None of these

38: electric force of repulsion between two electrons at a distance of one meter
is

a) 1.8N
b) 1.5*10-9N
c) 2.30*10-28N
d) 2.14*10-30N

39: Energy stored on the capacitor is

a) K.E
b) P.E
 c) Electrical Kinetic Energy
d) Electrical P.E

40: the force between two charges is 120N. if the distance between charges is
doubled, force will?

a) 60 N
b) 30 N
c) 15 N
d) 12 N

41: If 10 N force acts on 2 C charge then the electric intensity will be?

a) 20 N/C
b) 5 N/C
c) 5 C/N
d) 10 N/C

42: A feed line and an equipotential surface are

a) Always parallel
b) Always at 90 degree
c) Inclined at any angle zero
d) None of the above

43: which of the following is not a unit of flux?

a) Maxwell
b) Tesla
c) Weber
d) All of the above

44: the surface integral of the normal component of the electric displacement D
over any closed surface equal the charge enclosed by the surface is known as
 a) Gauss’s law
b) Faraday’s law
c) Kirchhoff’s law
d) Lenz’s law

45: 1 Volt/meter is same as

a) 1 meter/C
b) 1 Newton meter
c) 1 Newton/ meter
d) 1 Joule /C

46: Boundary condition for the normal component of E on the boundary of

dielectric is

a) En1 = En2
b) En1 - En2 = ρs
c) En1 = En2 ϵ2/ ϵ1
d) En1 = 0

47: a potential of 400V is applied to a capacitor, the plates which are 4 mm

apart. The strength of electric field is?

a) 100 KV/m
b) 10 KV/m
c) 4 KV/m
d) 2 KV/m

48: Tesla is unit of

a) Field strength
b) Inductance
c) Flux density
 d) Flux

49: if a force, F = 4ax + ay + 2az moves 1µC charge through a displacement of

4ax +2 ay - 6az the resultant

a) 6 µJ
b) 12 µJ
c) 18 µJ
d) 24 µJ

50: The potential of all the points of equipotential planes is

a) Same
b) Zero
c) Different
d) Infinite

51: the value of ϵ the absolute permeability is …Pf/m

a) 8.854
b) 8.854*10-20
c) 8.854*10-23
d) 8.854*10-9

52: Lorentz force equation comprise…….and …..forces

a) electric, magnetic
b) mechanical, chemical
c) both a & b
d) none of these

53: Laplace’s equation has

 a) two solutions
b) infinite solutions
c) no solution
d) only one solution

54: Flux per unit volume is called

a) curt
b) gradient
c) divergence
d) none of these

55: Coulomb’s law gives

a) force between two charges

b) energy between two charges
c) both
d) none of these

56: charge distribution symmetry can be 0

a) spherical type
b) cylindrical type
c) planar type
d) all of these

57: Force, electric field intensity are the examples of

a) scalar quantity
b) vector quantity
c) both
d) none of these
58: Electric Charge, Electric Potential, Energy, Temperature etc. are examples
of

a) scalar quantity
b) vector quantity
c) both
d) none of these

59: ф E. dt is same as

a) ∇ × E = 0
b) ∇. E = 0
c) V × D = 0
d) V. D = 0

60: Poisson’s equation is given as

a) E = −∇2V
b) ∇2V = ρuv
c) ∇2V = 0
d) All

61: magnetic flux density is analogous to

a) Magnetic induction
b) Electric field strength
c) Both a & b
d) Electric flux density

62: total flux passing through a closed surface held in a magnetic field

a) Infinity
b) Zero
c) Unity
 d) None of these

63: magnetic vector potential for volume current is expressed as

a) B = 𝛁 × 𝑨
b) A = ∇ × 𝐷
c) B = ∇ . 𝐴
d) A = ∇ . 𝐵

64: ….. can be obtained from vector magnetic potential

a) Magnetic field intensity

b) Magnetic flux density
c) Both a & b
d) None of these

65: magnitude of dipole moment is given as

a) qd
b) q/d
c) d/q
d) none of these

66: charge distribution symmetry can be of

a) spherical type
b) cylindrical type
c) planar type
d) all of these

67: curl of electro static field is

a) infinity
b) 1
c) 0
 d) None of these

68: as per stock’s theorem , H the magnetic field intensity is

a) ∞
b) 1
c) 0
d) None of these

69: the Biot_savart’s law is a general modification of

a) Kirchhoff’s law
b) Lenz’s law
c) Ampere’s law
d) Faraday’s law

70: according to Ampere’s law

a) Total electric flux is equal to electric charge

b) Total magnetic flux is equal to electric charge
c) Total magnetic flux is equal to current passing
d) None of these

71: F = q B×V the presents the force exerted on a

a) Charge q moving with velocity v in a electric field

b) Charge q moving with velocity v in a magnetic field B
c) Both
d) None of these

72: Biot_savart’s law is expressed mathematically as

a) H
b) B ∝ ∫ 𝑰𝒅𝒍 𝐬𝐢𝐧 ∅/𝒓𝟐
 c) ∫ 𝐻𝑑𝑙 = 𝐼𝑒𝑛𝑐
d) ∫ 𝐻𝑑𝑙 = ∫(∇ × 𝐻)ds

73: Biot_savart’s law can be applied to current carrying conductors of

a) Large length
b) Medium length
c) Small length
d) Very small length

74: potential has the unit of

a) J/C
b) Joule
c) J/m3
d) J/m2

75: according to Ampere’s circuital law, field intensity at a point at distance R

from a very long straight Fila

a) ∫ 𝐻𝑑𝑙 = 𝐼𝑒𝑛𝑐
b) ∫ 𝐽𝑑𝑠 = 𝐼
c) Both a & b
d) None of these

76: Ampere’s circuital law and which of the following law in electrostatics are
analogous

a) Lenz’s
b) Gauss’s
c) Boit_savart’s
d) Faraday’s

77: Ampere’s circuital law can be applied …… the conductor

 a) Inside
b) Outside
c) Both a & b
d) None of these

78: electric intensity at any point in an electric field is equal the at that point

a) Electric flux
b) Magnetic flux density
c) Potential gradient
d) None of the above

79: In planks apparatus the photo emissive cell has spectral response between?

a) 145 to 635 mm

b) 185 to 650 pm

c) 165 to 732 um

d) 185 to 650 nm

80: In plank’s constant (new apparatus) the value of dark current should
be………….micro Ampere

a) less than 0.003

b) Greater than 0.003

c) In between

d) None of these

81: Write down the formula to count the e/m ratio of electron ( for new
apparatus )

Ans:
82: in e/m experiment the number of turns of the solenoid?

a) 104

b) 106

c) 103

d) 102

83: One Tesla is equal to

a) 104 Guass

b) 106Guass

c) 10-4Guass

d) 10-6Guass

84: The wavelength of orange filter which is used in plank’s constant

experiment is

a) 620 nm

b) 620 micro m

c) 530 nm

d) none of these

85: The red colour has the largest wavelength of all the seven colour spectrum,
has the………… deviation

a) Least

b) Greatest

c) both a & b
 d) none of these

86: The thickness of Lee disk……mm

a) 25.32

b) 26.32

c) 30.32

d) 23.32

87: The semiconductor laser diode used in the experiment of measurement of

sugar concentration in a liquid has maximum energy

a) 1mJ/s

b) 1mW

c) 1mJ

d) both a & b

88: The refractive index of 10% sugar solution is

a) 1.522

b) 1.436

c) 1.347

d) 1.20

89: The unit of conductivity is

a) ohm meter

b) ohm m2

c) ohm-1m-1
 d) ohm m-1

90: the unit of thermal conductivity is

a) W m k

b) W m2 k

c) W/m k

d) W/m2 k

91: The unit of specific heat of water is

a) J kg/k

b) J kg k

c) J/kg/k

d) none of these

92: The actual value of e/m is

a) 1.7*10-11esu/gm

b) 1.7*1017esu/gm

c) 1.7*1019esu/gm

d) none of these

93: The cross sectional area A of copper bar of sear’s apparatus is measured
using……..formula

a) 1/2 πd2

b) 1/4 πd2

c) 2/3 πd2
 d) 3/2 πd2

94: The diameter of Lee disk……inch

a) 1.497

b) 2.497

c) 3.497

d) none of these

95: In planks constant experiment the actual value of backing off voltage for
blue filter is

a) 0.25V

b) 0.63V

c) 0.77V

d) none of these

96: In planks apparatus photo electron tube is made of……..cathod

a) Cobalt antimony

b) cobalt caesium

c) caesium antimony

d) none of these

97: One Tesla is equal to……

a) 1weber/m2

b) 106weber/m2

c) 10weber/m
 d) none of these

98: In Cauchy’s constant, B has a dimension of

a) length

b) area

c) time

d) none of these

99: velocity of sound is ……. In liquid then in gases

a) Greater
b) Smaller
c) Same
d) None of these

100: the unit of sound intensity is ……

a) N/m2
b) W/m2
c) J/sec. m-2
d) None of these

101: threshold of pain is

a) 130 dB
b) 110 dB
c) 100 pa
d) 40 pa

102: auditory threshold at 1 kHz…….pa

a) 2*10-3
 b) 2*10-5
c) 2*101
d) 0

103: 1 pascal will be equal to SPL of …… dB

a) 60
b) 92
c) 94
d) 120

104: the standard pressure in air is……micro Pascal which is usually considered
the threshold of hearing

a) 20
b) 30
c) 40
d) 35

105: the SI unit of magnetic induction B is….

a) Tesla
b) Newton/meter
c) Newton/m2
d) Gauss

106: the soft magnetic material have……type of BH curve

a) Narrow
b) Wide
c) It is not a closed loop
d) None of these

107: in CGS system the unit of ‘H’ is

 a) Wb/m2
b) Amp-turn/m
c) Dersted
d) Both b&c

108: the permeability of diamagnetic material is

a) µ > 1
b) µ < 1
c) µ = 1
d) µ ≤ 1

109: the u-value of 20/20 AM model of polar plani meter is …….inch2

a) 0.129
b) 0.015
c) 0.01
d) 0.1
e) 0.02

110: gold is an example of

a) Ferromagnetic materials
b) Paramagnetic materials
c) Diamagnetic materials
d) Buss

111: 1 web is equal to?

a) Tesla/m
b) Tesla/m2
c) Tesla m
d) Tesla m2
112: the value of permeability of free space is

a) 4π*10-7 Tm/A
b) 4π*10-7TA/m
c) 4*10-7Tm/A
d) 4*10-7TM/m

113: the u-value of 20/20 AM model of polar plani meter is …….cm2

a) 0.02
b) 0.015
c) 0.129
d) 0.0645

114: the No. of turn of solenoid of compensating coil ……. Per cm

a) 40.2
b) 40.3
c) 42.2
d) None of these

115: 1 Pascal is equal to…….?

a) 1 N-m2
b) 1 N/m2
c) 1 N-m2/sec
d) All of these

116: A transformer has five times as many primary turns as secondary. If 120V
AC is across the primary, the secondary Voltage should be?

a) 26
b) 18
c) 40
 d) 24

117: the AC input to a bridge rectifier is 20 V. A dc Volt meter connected

across the load should read ……. V?

a) 20
b) 18
c) 10
d) 15

118: 1 atmosphere is equal to?

a) 100,000 pa
b) 22000 pa
c) 44000 pa
d) 1000 pa

119: A single phase HWR supplies power to a 1kilo ohm load, the input supply
Voltage is 200 Vrms and Vdc 0.45 Vrmsthen the value of the

a) 1.09 mA
b) 1.09 A
c) 90 A
d) 90 mA

120: A FWR supplies a load of 1kilo ohm the AC Voltage applied to diode is

200-0-200 Vrmsand Vdc is 0.9 Vrms then the average dc

a) 180 A
b) 180 mA
c) 170 A
d) 170 mA

121: frequency of the output voltage of a FWR is ….. of supply frequency

 a) Half
b) Twice
c) Thrice
d) 1/4 th

122: An Ordinary two diode FWR is preferred to a bridge rectifier

a) True
b) False

123: in Millikan experiment it is assumed that fluid flow is….flow

a) Turbulent
b) Laminar
c) Open channel
d) Isothermal

124: the speed of light in glass is about

a) 3*108m/s
b) 2*108m/s
c) 2*106m/s
d) 2*10-6m/s

125: if you measure a values of charge equal to 12.8*10 -19C of a droplet. How
many electrons can be on this

a) 5
b) 6
c) 3
d) 8

126: how much distance is there between two charged plates in the Millikan
experiment
 a) 2mm
b) 5mm
c) 300 V
d) 931km

127: Refractive index of air is….

a) 1
b) 0
c) 1.00028
d) 1.28

128: when a light pass from rare to denser medium it bends

a) Towards the normal

b) Away from normal
c) Scattered
d) None of these

129: in thermal conductivity experiment water is passed at

a) Constant temperature
b) Constant pressure
c) Constant time
d) None of these

130: in thermal conductivity experiment, end A of the bar is placed inside

a) Hot water
b) Cold water
c) Steam
d) None of these

131: in the absence of electric field drag force is equal to……..

 a) Electric force
b) Gravitational force
c) Both a&b
d) None of these

132: the value of ή for air is…..

a) 951 Kg/m3
b) 9.8 Kg/m3
c) 971 Kg/m3
d) 981 Kg/m3

133: refractive index can be measured by measuring the minimum angle

deviation and

a) Refractive angle
b) Prism angle
c) Refracting angle
d) Minimum angle of deviation

134: if angle of incident become larger then critical angle then phenomena of

a) Reflection occurs
b) Refraction occurs
c) Total internal reflection occurs
d) Reflection simultaneous

135: property of light which does not change during refraction is

a) Direction
b) Speed
c) Frequency
d) Wavelength
136: Ratio of sin(x) of angle of incidence to sin(x) of angle of refraction is

a) Gravitational law
b) Reflection law
c) Refraction law
d) Snell’s law

137: a light ray has an angle of incidence of 34 degree. The reflected ray will
make what angle with the reflected angle

a) 0 degree
b) 34 degree
c) 56 degree
d) 66 degree

138: refractive index of water is

a) 0.33
b) 0.5
c) 1.5
d) 1.33

139: least count of spectrometer is

a) 1sec
b) 1mint
c) 1degree
d) 1mm

140: angle of minimum deviation will be maximum for

a) Red light
b) Blue light
c) Violet light
 d) None of these

141: the lens presents in the telescope is called

a) Condenser lens
b) Objective lens
c) Normal lens
d) Projection

142: refractive index is equal to

a) Speed of light in material/speed of light in vacuum

b) Speed of light in material/speed of light in air
c) Speed of light in vacuum/speed of light in material
d) Speed of light in air/speed of light in material

143: the power light source used in new Plank’s constant apparatus is

a) 15 W
b) 25 W
c) 30 W
d) 35 W

144: the refractive index for blue ( 450nm) colour is ……

a) 1.502
b) 1.507
c) 1.509
d) 1.508

145: in plank’s constant apparatus the light source used is of

a) Halogen tungsten
b) Cathode tungsten
c) Caesium antimony
 d) Both b & c

146: the model number of Lorentz force ( e/m ) demonstrator ( apparatus ) is …

a) J 2433
b) J 4633
c) J 2533
d) J 2333

147: the refractive index of violet colour at wavelength 434 nm for solid prism
is

a) 1.489
b) 1.059
c) 1.521
d) 1.519

148: the refractive index of red colour at wavelength of 640 nm for solid prism
is

a) 1.052
b) 1.520
c) 1.509
d) 1.445

149: the refractive index of solid prism ( glass crown ) is ….

a) 1.4
b) 1.05
c) 1.52
d) 1.45

150: the work function of visible light is about……. eV?

a) 4
 b) 3
c) 2
d) 5

151: the work function of pure metals is greater than…..electron volt?

a) 4
b) 3
c) 2
d) 6

152: one Angstrom unit is equal to

a) 10-8 cm
b) 10-8 m
c) 10-10 cm
d) 109 m

153: in Cauchy constant the value of A is ….

a) 5.502 cm
b) 1.502
c) 1.502 inch
d) None of these

154: in Cauchy constant the value of B is ….

a) 5.236*10-11 cm2
b) 5.236*10-11 m2
c) 5.236*10-11 inch2
d) None of these

155: the least count of spectrometer made in China is

a) 1 sec
 b) 1 mint
c) 30 sec
d) None of these

156: In planks constant experiment the actual value of backing off voltage for
violet filter is

a) 0.25 V
b) 0.63 V
c) 0.77 V
d) None of these

157: the Lorentz force ( e/m ) experiment current direction switch is

a) 1 way
b) 2 way
c) 3 way
d) None of these

158: The actual value of e/m is

a) 1.7*10-11 C/kg

b) 1.7*1017 C/kg

c) 1.7*1019 C/kg

d) none of these

159: the diameter of Lee disk is

a) 1.50 cm
b) 1.43 inch
c) 1.50 inch
d) 1.43 cm
160: The violet colour has the shortest wavelength of all the seven colour
spectrum, has the………… deviation

a) Least

b) Greatest

c) both a & b

d) none of these

161: The wavelength of red filter which is used in plank’s constant experiment
is

a) 620 nm

b) 620 micro m

c) 530 nm

d) 530 micro m

162: One Tesla is equal to

a) N/A/m
b) N/A/mm
c) N/A/cm
d) None of these

163: The thickness of Lee disk……mm

a) 0.998 inch
b) 0.998 cm
c) 0.872 inch
d) 2.223 inch

164: The specific heat of water is equal to?

 a) 4190 J/kg/K
b) 4000 w/kg/K
c) 4100 J/sec/kg/K
d) 4190 J/sec/kg/K

165: the unit of thermal conductivity K of Copper is…

a) 4000 w/m K
b) 400 w/m K
c) 0.0400 w/m K
d) 0.4000 w/ m K

166: IN searl’s apparatus the length of between ∅1 & ∅2 is

a) 3.165 inch
b) 2.165 inch
c) 3.165 cm
d) 2.165 cm

167: In plank’s constants experiment range of Pico meter selected………pA

a) 3.00
b) 0.003
c) 0.03
d) None of these

168: In planks apparatus the photo emissive cell is ideal for free with…….. light

a) Visible
b) Near ultra violet
c) Near infra-red
d) Both a & b
e) Both a & c
169: The probability of occurrence of a microstate depends on

a) low energy microstates

b) high energy microstates

c) number of microstates

d) type of system

170: A microcanonical ensemble depends on

a) many isolated systems

b) systems equilibrium

c) energy range

d) all these

171: Minimum number of independent coordinates used to define configuration

of a system are called

a) phase space

b) hyper space

c) configurational space

d) none of these

172: Jacobian is a

a) matric

b) derivative

c) vector
 d) none of these
𝜕𝑉 𝜕𝑆
173: ( )𝑝 = −( )𝑡 is the Maxwell’s
𝜕𝑇 𝜕𝑃

a) 1st relation

b) 2nd relation

c) 3rd relation

d) 4th relation

174: Plasma is a gas consist of

a) electrons

b) ions

c) neutral atoms

d) all these

175: The mean free path of the molecules in a gas decreases with increase in

a) molecule density

b) temperature

c) pressure

d) all these

176: For a cyclic process, the change in internal energy is

a) maximum

b) zero

c) equal to work done

d) none of these
177: Ten identical particles are to be divided up into two containers, how many
different configurations are possible

a) 1

b) 11

c) 120

d) 1024

178: For ten identical particles in two containers, which configuration has the
largest number of microstates?

a) 5,5

b) 3,7

c) 4,6

d) 0,10

179: For which of the following process, the internal energy change is zero

a) isobaric

b) isothermal

c) cyclic

d) adiabatic

180: If we have N!=50 and N1!=34 what would be N2!?

a) 34

b) 16
 c) 50

d) none of these

181: According to the normalization of probability, the total probability should

be?

a) one

b) negative

c) positive

d) none of these

182: The lowest temperature that is experimentally possible to achieve is called

a) absolute zero

b) equilibrium temperature

c) critical temperature

d) none of these

183: The entropy of a crystal at absolute zero temperature is

a) maximum

b) zero

c) equal to internal energy

d) none of these

184: The entropy of a system in equilibrium would be

a) maximum

b) zero
 c) negative

d) constant

185: An equilibrium state of a system corresponds to

a) Minimum number of microstates

b) minimum number of macro states

c) maximum number of microstates

d) none of these

186: A macroscopic state is

a) least stable state

b) most stable state

c) meta stable state

d) none of these

187: The collection of large number of particles which give rise to same
microstate is called

a) canonical ensemble

b) micro canonical ensemble

c) phase space

d) statistical ensemble

188: how many lattice types are associated with crystal lattice

a) 1
b) 2
 c) 3
d) 4

189: translation vector C of reciprocal simple cubic lattice is

2𝜋
a) 𝑱
𝑎
𝑎
b) 𝑱
2𝜋
𝜋
c) 𝑱
𝑎

d) None of these

190: which is wrong?

a) Reciprocal lattice vector is tangent to direct lattice plane

b) Reciprocal lattice vector and direct lattice vector are parallel
c) Laue method is used for size of unit cell
d) All of these

191: for optical branch, two different masses vibrate

a) Opposite to each other

b) Out of phase
c) At an angle of 𝜋
d) All of these

192: Bragg angle for X-rays diffraction is 35° having wave length 1.54 A in 2nd
order then interplanar spacing is

a) 1.67 A
b) 3.67 A
c) 2.67 A
d) None of these

193: which one is diffraction condition?

 a) k = G
b) k.a = 2𝜋𝑉
c) dsin𝜃 = 2𝑛 ⋋
d) none of these

194: for plane (1 1 2 ), the structure factor for FCC is

a) 2f
b) 3f
c) 5f
d) Zero

195: the BCC lattice with conventional cubic cell of side a has its reciprocal
lattice

a) FCC lattice with conventional cubic cell of side 2𝜋𝑎

b) BCC lattice with conventional cubic cell of side 2𝜋𝑎
c) FCC lattice with conventional cubic cell of side 4𝜋𝑎
d) BCC lattice with conventional cubic cell of side 4𝜋𝑎

196: when angular frequency changes from 0 to (…..) in lattice vibrations then
it represents

a) Optical branch
b) Acoustical branch
c) Optacoustic branch
d) None of these

197: for plane (1 1 2 ), the structure factor for BCC

a) 2f
b) 3f
c) 5f
 d) Zero

198: total wave vector of interacting waves in periodic potential is

a) Variable
b) Conserved
c) Variable at some points and conserved at some points
d) None of these

199: for monoatomic crystal vibrations, the dispersion relation for long wave
length is

𝐶 2
a) a
𝑀
𝐶 2
b) k
𝑀
𝐶 2 2
c) ka
𝑀
𝐶
d) k2a2
2𝑀

200: Frequency gap for acoustical and optical mode exist between

2𝐶 2𝐶
a) √ &√
𝑀1 𝑀2

𝐶 𝐶
b) √ &√
𝑀1 𝑀2

2𝐶 2𝐶
c) √ &√
𝑚1 𝑀2

d) All of these

201: which plane gives no reflection for FCC?

a) ( 3 2 2 )
b) ( 1 1 1 )
c) ( 2 2 2 )
d) All of these
202: which of following represents vector form of Bragg’s law?

a) Laue construction
b) Brillouin zone
c) Powder method
d) None of these

203: If 𝜃 = ∆𝑘 then scattering amplitude is

a) Maximum
b) Minimum
c) Zero
d) None of these

204: the energy of an elastic mode of angular frequency is

a) (2n-1)ℎ𝜔2
b) (n-1/2) ℎ𝜔
c) (n-1/2) ℎ𝑣
d) All of these

205: Acoustical mode of vibration is produced due to

a) Electromagnetic radiations
b) Same nature of force
c) Both a & b
d) None of these

206: Latches consists of

a) Inductors
b) Inverters
c) Timing generators
d) Frequency generators
207: Which one is not arithmetic operation?

a) Multiply
b) Divide
c) AND
d) Subtract

208: The expressions X=A*B is read as

a) X equals A AND B
b) X equal A OR B
c) X equal A NOT B
d) None of these

209: The output of OR gate with three inputs A,B& C is low when

a) A=0, B=0, C=0

b) A=0, B=0, C=1
c) A=0, B=1, C=1
d) All these

210: Two cross coupled NAND gate make

a) SR latch
b) RS flip flop
c) Flip flop
d) Master slave flip flop

211: In IC fabrication metallization means

a) Depositing Sio2 layer

b) Covering with metallic cap
c) Forming inter connections conduction path
d) All of these
212: An XOR gate produces an output, only when its two inputs are

a) High
b) Low
c) Different
d) Same

213: According to the Boolean algebra OR gate performs

a) Decimal addition
b) Binary addition
c) Logical addition
d) Hexadecimal addition

214: What is the difference between an astable multivibrator and a monostable

multivibrator?

a) The astable is free running

b) The astable needs to be clocked
c) The mono stable is free running
d) None of these

215: What is another name for bistable multivibrator?

a) ON-OFF switch
b) Oscillator
c) Flip flop
d) None of these

216: A basic SR flip flop can be constructed by cross coupling which logic gate

a) AND or NAND gate

b) AND or OR gate
c) AND or NOR gate
 d) XOR or XNOR gate

217: The common ways in which two represent logic

a) Truth tables
b) Logic circuit diagram
c) Boolean expression
d) All of these

218: If the input of XNOR gate are different the output will be

a) True
b) False
c) Either true or false
d) None of these

219: NOR is the combination of

a) NOT and AND gate

b) NOT and NOT gate
c) NOT and OR gate
d) None of these

220: A single transistor can be used to build which of the following digital logic
gates

a) OR gates
b) AND gates
c) NOT gates
d) NAND gates

221: Latches constructed with NOR and NAND gates tends to remain in the
Latched condition due to configuration feature?

a) A synchronous operation
 b) Low input voltage
c) Gate impedance
d) Cross coupling

222: Most significant bit of arithmetic addition is called

a) Overflow
b) Carry
c) Output
d) Zero bit

223: Simplified expression of half adder carry is

a) C=XY + X
b) C=Y + X
c) C=XY + Y
d) C=XY

224: Which are the fundamental inputs assigned or configured in the full adder
circuit

a) Addend, augend & sum

b) Augend, sum & input carry
c) Addend, augend & input carry
d) Addend, sum & input carry

225: The T in the flip flop stand for

a) Time
b) Transfer
c) Toggle
d) Trigger

226: NOR gates are included in

 a) IC7402
b) IC7486
c) IC7404
d) IC7410

227: The sum output of a full adder is same as

a) Sum output of half adder

b) Difference of full subtractor
c) Borrow of full subtractor
d) All three

228: a NOT gate works as a

a) Resister
b) Capacitor
c) Transistor
d) Switch

229: NAND gate operation is equivalent to

a) EX-OR operation
b) +VE OR operation
c) - VE OR operation
d) – AND operation

230: Universal gates can perform all operation except

a) EX-OR
b) EX-NOR
c) AND
d) None of these

231: select the expression which gives different result

 a) A + B-1B
b) A
c) A + B + B-1
d) None of these

232: The high voltage at the output of a circuit shows that the circuit is

a) Digital
b) Analog
c) Hybrid
d) Both digital and analog

233: the sign wave shows

a) Non-hormonic signal
b) Digital signal
c) Analog
d) Analog and hormonic

234: the square wave shows

a) Non-hormonic signal
b) Digital signal
c) Analog
d) Analog and hormonic

235: a logic gate can handle

a) Decimal numbers
b) Analog signals
c) High voltage
d) None of these

236: An integrated circuit ( IC ) is formed of

 a) Transistors
b) Resistors
c) Diodes
d) None of these

237: the output expression of EX-NOR gate is

a) AOB
b) A + B
c) AB + AB
d) None of these

238: If 10V AC and 5V AC are given to two inputs of OR gate the output would
be

a) 5 V
b) 15 V
c) 0 V
d) None of these

239: Logic gates are used to perform

a) Boolean operation
b) Digital operation
c) Binary operation
d) All of these

240: The revers breakdown in diode operation is required when the diode is
used in

a) Digital devices
b) Analog devices
c) Both digital and analog
 d) None of these

241: which of the following need biasing?

a) Diode
b) Transistor
c) IC
d) All of these

242: A 3 input NAND gate cannot be used in construct?

a) NOT gate
b) AND gate
c) EX-OR gate
d) None of these

243: A binary adder can be used as

a) Temporary charge storage device

b) Current storage device
c) Potential barrier
d) Counter

244: If middle leg of an IC breaks, it cannot perform

a) Binary operations
b) Gated operations
c) Digital operations
d) None of these

245: During second half life original materials decayed:

a) One quarter
b) Two quarter
c) Three quarter
 d) None of these

246: In cyclotron the time required to complete one semi-circle of radius “r” is?

a) t= π/qm
b) t= πm/q
c) t= πm/qB
d) t= qB/πm

247: Angular frequency of cyclotron is independent of

a) r
b) v
c) q/m
d) r & v

248: According to the fundamental equation of cyclotron, frequency is directly

proportional to

a) magnetic field
b) electric field
c) both a & b
d) none of these

249: When the distance between the nucleons is . . . . 10 -13cm, the nuclear forces
is into strong repulsive forces

a) <
b) >
c) ≈
d) None of these

250: In cyclotron oscillating electric field provide the . . . . . to ions

a) Electric field
 b) Frequency
c) Velocity
d) Direction

251: A travelling wave LINAC can accelerate electrons up to . . . .

a) 103KeV
b) 103MeV
c) 103GeV
d) 103TeV

252: In electrostatic generator, which are moved downward by the conveyor

belt?

a) Atoms
b) Negative ions
c) Positive ions
d) None of these

253: LINAC consists of cylindrical electrodes with . . . . . length?

a) Fixed
b) Increased
c) Decreased
d) All

254: Synchrotrons have its energy limit due to

a) Energy
b) Relativistic mass
c) Radiation emission
d) Velocity