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The most common risk of using parenteral
nutrition is developing catheter infection. Other
risks include blood clots, liver disease, and bone
disease.
It is essential to maintain clean tubing, needles,
catheters, and other equipment to minimize these
risks.
TPN requires water (30 to 40 mL/kg/day),
energy (30 to 45 kcal/kg/day, depending on energy
expenditure),
amino acids (1.0 to 2.0 g/kg/day, depending on the
degree of catabolism),
essential fatty acids,
vitamins, and
minerals
Normally, 2 L/day of the standard solution is needed
Solutions may be modified based on laboratory results,
underlying disorders…
Calculate requirements for water (30 to 40 mL/kg/day),
energy (30 to 45 kcal/kg/day, depending on energy
expenditure), amino acids (1.0 to 2.0 g/kg/day, depending
on the degree of catabolism), essential fatty acids, vitamins,
and minerals
Plasma glucose should be monitored every 6 h until
patients and glucose levels become stable. Fluid
intake and output should be monitored continuously.
When patients become stable, blood tests can be
done much less often.