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L1 Temperature and Heat
L1 Temperature and Heat
Note:
T = ___0C = ___0F
T = ___C0 = ___F0
T i =450 C
When two objects have the same T f =750 C
temperature, they are said to be in 0
Δ T =T f −T i =30C
thermal equilibrium. When object A is
in thermal equilibrium with object T and
object B is in thermal equilibrium with
It has been observed that materials expand L = change in length
when their temperatures increase (and L0 = initial length
contract when their temperatures = coefficient of linear expansion
decrease). This behavior is referred to as T = change in temperature
Thermal Expansion.
For area expansion, use linear expansion
a. Linear Expansion to calculate the change in area.
Δ L=L 0 α Δ T
b. Volume Expansion expands with temperature as we would
expect.
If all dimensions of a solid expand with
temperature, then the volume of that solid READING ASSIGNMENT
must also expand. • thermal stress
Δ V =V 0 β Δ T
β=3 α
EXAMPLE 1
V = change in volume On a hot day, an oil trucker loaded 37,000L of
V0 = initial volume diesel fuel. He encountered cold weather
= coefficient of volume expansion where the temperature was 23.0K lower when
he delivered his entire load. How many liters
T = change in temperature
of fuel did he deliver? The coefficient of
volume expansion for diesel fuel is
Volume expansion is the only meaningful 9.50 x 10-4/C0 and the coefficient of linear
expansion parameter for liquids. expansion for the steel truck tank is
11 x 10-6/C0.
It is interesting to note that water does not V 0 =37,000 L
behave like other liquids. Between 00C Δ T =−23.0 K
and 40C, water actually contracts with −4
β=9.50 x 10 /C
0