CHAPTER 3 - Near the school was a house of an old
painter, named Juancho
EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA AND BIÑAN
CHARACTERS:
 Doña Teodora – First non-formal teacher
 Maestro Celestino – First Private Tutor
 Maestro Lucas Padua – Second Private Tutor
 Maestro Leon Monroy – Tutor in Spanish and
Latin (Former classmate of Don Francisco)
 Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz – First formal
teacher
 Pedro – Teacher’s son; a bully
 Juancho – old painter
 Arturo Camps – a Frenchmen and a friend of
Don Francisco
 GOMBURZA – leaders of the secularization
movement
 Jose Alberto – a rich Biñan ilustrado; Jose’s
Uncle
 Antonio Vivencio del Rosario –
Gobernadorcillo of Calamba help the lieutenant
arrest Doña Teodora
 Don Francisco de Mercaida and Don Manuel
Mazano – Most famous lawyer in Manila defended
Doña Teodora in Court.
 Carromata – mode of their transportation
 Talim – the steamer that Jose rode.
EVENTS:
 Jose learned prayers and alphabet on her lap at
the age of 3
 at the age of 5, Doña Teodora noticed her son
showed an inclination to be an artist
 at the age of 8, Jose wrote a tagalong poem titled
“Sa Aking Mga Kababata”
 After Monroy’s death, Jose was sent by his
parents to Biñan
 In June 1869, he left Calamba for Biñan to enroll.
- He was accompanied by Paciano
- Lived at his aunt’s house
 First day in Biñan School
- The school was in the house of the teacher,
Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz
- It was a small nipa hut about 30 meters from
the home of Jose’s aunt
- Paciano was also under the teacher before
 Painting Lessons in Biñan
- Juancho freely gave him lessons in drawing
and painting became his apprentices with
Jose Guevarra
 Daily Life in Biñan
- Hears mass at 4am or studies lesson before
going to mass
- Goes to orchard to look for mabolo to eat
- Breakfast
- Goes to class at 10am
- Lunch break
- Goes back to school at 2pm
- Goes home at 5pm
- Pray with cousins
- Studies lessons and draw a little
- Has supper
- Prays again
- Plays in the street when moon is bright
- Sleeps
 Best Student in School
- Jose beat all the Biñan boys in Spanish,
Latin, and other subjects
- His classmates were jelous of him
- They told lies to discredit him
- As a result, the teacher had to punish Jose
 End of Biñan Schooling
- Jose received a letter from Saturnina,
informing the arrival of the steamer Talim
which would take him from Biñan to
Calamba.
- He thought that he would not returned to
Biñan
- He prayed in the town church, collected
pebbles as souvenier, and bade farewell to
his teacher and classmates
- On December 17, 1872, he left Biñan and
passage on steamer Talim
- He met Arturo Camps, a Frenchman and a
friend of his father, who took care of him
 Martyrdom of Gom-Bur-Za
- On January 20, 1872, about 200 Filipino
soldiers and workmen rose in violent mutiny
because of the abolition of their usual
privileges
- 2 days later, it was suppressed by
reinforcements from Manila
- On February 17, 1872, Fathers Gom-Bur-Za
was executed
- Their martyrdom was deeply mourned by
the Rizal family
 - Paciano was enraged by th execution of
Burgos, his friend, teacher, and housemate.
He quit his studies and returned to
Calamba.
- He told Jose about the heroic story of
Burgos
- The martyrdom of Gom-Bur-Za inspired
Jose to fight the evils of Spanish tyranny
and redeem his oppressed people
- Later in 1891, he dedicated his second
novel, El Filibusterismo, to Gom-Bur-Za
 Injustice to Hero’s Mother
- Before June of 1872, Doña Teodora was
suddenly arrested on a malicious charge
that she and her brother, Jose Alberto,
tried to poision the latter’s wife
- Jose Alberto had just returned from a
business trip in Europe and found out that
his wife was living with another man and
abandoned their home and children.
- He planned to divorce her
- Doña Teodora persuaded him to forgive
his wife
- The family trouble was settled and Jose
Alberto lived again with his wife
- However, the evil wife filed a case in court
accusing her husband and Doña Teodora
of attempting to poison her
- The lieutenant and the gobernadorcillo,
Antonio Vivencio del Rosario, arrested
Doña Teodora
- The lieutenant forced her to walk from
Calamba to Santa Cruz (capital of Laguna
Provincee), a distance of 50 km
- When she arrived at Santa Cruz, she was
immediately imprisoned
- She spent 2 and a half years in the prison

MORAL LESSON:
Never run away from a fight

APPLICATION:
Avoid a fight if at all possible. But never run away from a
fight. Physically running away from a fight only encourages
the aggressor to chase you down and beat the crap out of
you.

Like what Jose did when he was still schooling in Biñan, he

challenged and accepts fight with his classmates
physically, but there’s a time that he chose to fight with his
pen than with his fist.