EARLY EDUCATION IN

CALAMBA AND BIÑAN

Chapter 3
How did you learn the
alphabet?
The Hero’s First Teacher

 Doña Teodora was Jose’s first

non-formal teacher
 On her lap, Jose learned
prayers and the alphabet at the
age of three
Private Tutors of Rizal

 Maestro Celestino was Jose’s

first private tutor
 Maestro Lucas Padua was the
second private tutor
 Maestro Leon Monroy became
the hero’s tutor in Spanish and
Latin. He was a classmate of
Don Francisco.
The Uncles of Rizal

 Uncle Jose Alberto

– gave wise
direction in the
studies of Jose
 Uncle Gregorio –
instilled into the
mind of Jose the Jose Alberto

love for education

The Uncles of Rizal

“Work hard and perform every

task very carefully; learn to be
swift as well as thorough; be
independent in thinking; and
make visual pictures of
everything.”
– Uncle Gregorio
The Uncles of Rizal

 Uncle Manuel Alberto – seeing

Jose was frail in nature,
concerned himself with the
physical development of his
nephew
 He also taught Jose the love for
open air and admiration for the
beauty of nature
Jose Goes to Biñan

 Maestro Leon died five months

later and Jose was sent to a
private school in Biñan.
 June 1869 – Jose goes to Biñan
with Paciano
 Carromata – the mode of
transportation
 Aunt’s house – where Jose
lodged
First Day in School
First Day in School

 Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz

– formal teacher
 Rizal described Maestro
Justiniano as tall, thin, long-
necked, sharp-nosed, with a
body slightly bent forward
 The school was in Maestro
Justiniano’s house
 Taught Latin and Spanish
First School Brawl

 Pedro (the teacher’s son) –

wrestling
 Andres Salandanan – arm
wrestling
Painting Lessons in Biñan

 Old Juancho – freely gave Jose

painting and drawing lessons.
 Jose Rizal and his classmate
Jose Guevarra became
apprentices of Old Juancho
Daily Life in Biñan

Jose’s daily routine:

 Hears mass at 4 a.m. or studies
lesson before going to mass
 Goes to orchard to look for
mabolo to eat
 Breakfast

 Goes to class at 10 a.m.

 Lunch break
Daily Life in Biñan
Daily Life in Biñan

 Goes back to school at 2 p.m.

 Goes home at 5 p.m.
 Prays with cousins
 Studies lessons, then draws a
little
 Has supper
 Prays again
Daily Life in Biñan

 Plays in the street if moon is

bright
 Sleeps
Best Student in School

 Jose surpassed his classmates

in Spanish, Latin and other
subjects
 His older classmates were
jealous and squealed to the
teacher whenever he had fights
 Jose usually received five or six
blows while laid out on a bench
End of Biñan Schooling

 December 17, 1870 – Jose left

Biñan
 Talim – the steamer that Jose
rode
 Arturo Camps – a Frenchman
and a friend of Don Francisco,
he took care of Jose during the
trip
Martyrdom of GOMBURZA

 January 20, 1872 – Cavite

mutiny
 February 17, 1872 – Fathers
Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos
and Jacinto Zamora were
implicated and executed
 The GOMBURZA were leaders
of the secularization movement
The GOMBURZA
Martyrdom of GOMBURZA

 The martyrdom of the three

priests inspired Rizal to fight the
evils of Spanish tyranny
 Letter to Mariano Ponce
“Kung wala ang 1872, wala ngayon Plaridel o
Jaena o Sanciangco ni matatapang na kolonya ng mga
Pilipino sa Europe: kung wala ang 1872, si Rizal ay
isang Heswita ngayon, at sa halip na isinulat ang Noli
Me Tangere, ay yaong kabaligtaran ang isinulat. Sa
harap ng mga kawalang – katarungan at kalupitan
noong ako’y bata pa, ang aking diwa ay nagising at
isunumpa sa sariling maipaghihiganti ko balang araw
ang maraming biktima, at dahil ito ang nasasa isip,
Martyrdom of GOMBURZA
Nag-aral ako ng mabuti, at mababasa ito salahat ng
aking mga ginawa at isinulat. Balang araw, bibigyan
ako ng Diyos ng pagkakataong maisakatuparan ang
aking pangako.”

 In 1891, Rizal dedicated his

second novel El Filibusterismo
to GOMBURZA
Injustice to the Hero’s Mother

 In 1872, Doña Teodora was

arrested on a malicious charge
that she aided his brother Jose
Alberto in trying to poison his
wife
 Jose Alberto planned to divorce
his wife because of her
unfaithfulness
Injustice to the Hero’s Mother

 Jose Alberto’s wife connived

with the Spanish lieutenant of
the Guardia Civil and filed a
case against Rizal’s mother and
to her husband.
 Antonio Vivencio del Rosario –
gobernadorcillo of Calamba,
helped the lieutenant arrest
Doña Teodora
Injustice to the Hero’s Mother

 50 kilometers – Doña Teodora

was made to walk from
Calamba to the provincial prison
in Santa Cruz
Injustice to the Hero’s Mother

 Don Francisco de Marcaida &

Don Manuel Mazano – most
famous lawyers of Manila,
defended Doña Teodora in court
 After 2 ½ years – the Royal
Audiencia acquitted Doña
Teodora
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