Preliminary CRM Plan - Harrison - 1stdraft PDF

MOUNT CALAVITE WILDLIFE SANCTUARY
Municipality of Paluan, Province of Occidental Mindoro
Deparment of Environment and Natural Resources

Community Environment and Natural Resources Office
Mamburao, Occidental Mindoro
CY 2014
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................i

LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................ ii
LIST OF ANNEXES ............................................................................................................. ii
I. INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................1
II. VISION STATEMENT .........................................................................................................3
III. PRESENT USE OF LAND, FOREST AND WATER ...................................................................3
Agriculture Land-Use: .............................................................................................................. 4
Forest Use: ............................................................................................................................... 4
Water and Wetland Use: ......................................................................................................... 6
General Resource and Land-Use:............................................................................................. 7
IV. ISSUES AND THREATS .................................................................................................... 10
Conservation Issues: .............................................................................................................. 11
Agriculture related Issues: ..................................................................................................... 12
General Issues: ....................................................................................................................... 12
V. ALLOWED AND NOT ALLOWED WITHIN THE DIFFERENT ZONES ...................................... 13
VI. FUTURE USES OF LAND AND RESOURCES ....................................................................... 14
VII. MECHANICS OF IMPLEMENTING THE PLAN .................................................................... 16
VIII. CONFLICT MANAGEMENT .............................................................................................. 18
IX. FUTURE ADJUSTMENTS OF MAPS AND PLAN ................................................................. 18
X. TASK AHEAD – MEETINGS, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TRAINING AND LIVELIHOOD RELATED
PROJECTS/ACTIVITIES .................................................................................................... 18
XI. AGREEMENT ON USE OF FOREST, LAND AND WATER ..................................................... 20
XII. COMMITMENTS ON THE PROTECTION AND CONSERVATION OF THE PA ......................... 21
REFERENCES .................................................................................................................. 22
ANNEXES ................................................................................................... 24
DENR Region 4B MIMAROPA

Community Environment & Natural Resources Office
i
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. MCWS Land Classification Based on PD 705.................................................3

Table 2. National Greening Program (NGP) Areas within MCWS .................................5
Table 3. Schools within Barangay Harrison. ..............................................................7
Table 4. List of Medicinal Plants Recorded in MCWS ..................................................8
Table 5. Problems and recommended solutions ...................................................... 10
Table 6. Future Land and Resource Uses Identified................................................. 15
Table 7. Plan of Action of Barangay Harrison .......................................................... 19
LIST OF ANNEXES
Annex 1. MCWS Administrative Boundary Map

Annex 2. History of Barangay Harrison
Annex 3. Photos of Participatory Planning Workshop
Annex 4. List of Future Plans of Barangay Harrison
Annex 5. MCWS Land Classification Map Based on PD705
Annex 6. Barangay Profile of Harrison for CY 2013
Annex 7. Map showing the NGP Sites within MCWS
Annex 8. Community Map showing the Existing Land and Resource Uses at MCWS
Annex 9. History of Paluan by Ka-Lahi
Annex 10. Barangay Harrison Disaster-Preparedness Audit Tool
Annex 11. Barangay Harrison Disaster Plan CY 2012-2015
Annex 12. Socio-Economic Profile of Paluan

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Community Resource Management Plan for Barangay Harrison
I. INTRODUCTION
Mt. Calavite Wildlife Sanctuary (MCWS) is found at the north western tip of
Mindoro Island. Mount Calavite is located at 13°28’54” North Lattitude and 120°24’11”
East Longitude in Barangay Harrison in the Municipality of Paluan, Province of
Occidental Mindoro.
The MCWS was formerly declared as a game refuge and bird sanctuary, by virtue
of Executive Order No. 9 on 28 January 1920. This declaration became the main basis
of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) to work out for the
proclamation of the MCWS as a protected area, under the wildlife sanctuary category, in
accordance with the Republic Act (RA) No. 7586, otherwise known as the National
Integrated Protected Areas Systems (NIPAS) Act of 1992. Presidential Proclamation (PP)
No. 292, issued on 23 April 2000, declared the Mount Calavite as protected area, under
the category of Wildlife Sanctuary, covering a total land area of 18,016.19 hectares.
Majority of MCWS’s land area lies in Brgy. Harrison, but some its portions are
also located in Barangay Alipaoy. Furthermore, some portions of MCWS are also within
Brgys. Mananao and Poblacion when the boundary map of the protected area is
overlayed to the Barangay Map of Paluan, Occidental Mindoro (source: Philiippine GIS
Data Clearinghouse http://www.philgis.org/freegisdata.htm). (See Administrative
Boundary Map on Annex 1).
Barangay Harrison has a total land area of 20,597.5600 hectares (source: CBMS
Census 2012) whicn is around 36.430%, morethan one-third (1/3) of the total land area
of Paluan Municipality. Around 92% (16,866 hectares) of MCWS is within the
administrative jurisdiction of Barangay Harrison, the reason why preliminary Community
Resource Management Plan (CRMP) is prepared for this community wherein almost
protected area occupants and buffer zone residents are situated.
The CRM Plan will describe the communities’ long term vision, aspirations and
commitments and the strategies for protection, rehabilitation, development and
sustainable utilization of the resources within the PA.
Barangay Harrison has the biggest population because it has the biggest land
area. However, it has low population density because the people are dispersed in the
sprawling land. There are 652 households in Barangay Harrison with a total population
of 3,302 individuals, 1,728 male and 1,574 female. More or less 70% of the populations
of Barangay Harrison are Indigenous People (IP) that belongs to Iraya Tribe of
Mangyan (Source: Harrison Barangay Profile 2013).

rpduquil/CRM Plan_Harrison_1stdraft 1|Page

The original name of Barangay Harrison was Pula. It came from the name given
by the indigenous people to a kind of worm found here. It also came from the color of
the soil near the seashore where sea vessels used to land. (See the History of
Barangay Harrison on Annex 2).
Pursuant to Under Rule 15 of DAO (DENR Administrative Order) No. 2008-26,

also known as “Revised IRR of RA 7586 or NIPAS Act of 1992” and under DAO 1999-13,
the survey and registration of protected area occupants (SRPAO) are mandated in all
declared protected areas under NIPAS to provide basis for the recognition of tenured
migrants. It was followed by the establishment and management of Community-Based
Program (CBP) in protected area pursuant to DAO 2002-02 and DAO No. 2004-32, “the
Guidelines on the Establishment and Management of Community-Based Program in
Protected Areas.” Under the Community-Based program, issuance of Protected Area
Community Based Resource Management Agreement (PACBRMA) to People’s
Organizations (PO’s) formed out of the tenured migrants and interested Indigenous
Peoples (IP’s) within the protected area. The PACBRMA shall be the tenurial instrument
to be issued to POs in all NIPAS sites, which has a term of twenty-five (25) years and
renewable for another twenty-five (25) years. After the issuance of PACBRMA, each PO
holder shall prepare their Community Resource Management Plan (CRMP) with the
assistance of the DENR, through the Protected Area Superintendent (PASu) and the
Community Environment and Natural Resources Officer (CENRO) concerned.
The DENR, through the PASu and CENRO, had initially conducted SRPAO at
Mount Calavite and Wildlife Sanctuary (MCWS) in CY 2011. Although, formation of PO’s
and issuance of PACBRMA for MCWS has not yet been accomplished, preparing the
Preliminary CRM Plan is initiated for Barangay Harrison, wherein larger or most part of
the protected area and its supposed buffer zone are situated. The preliminary CRM Plan
can be updated into individual CRMP of each PO when they were finally organized by
cluster and after the PACBRMA had already been issued to them.
On October 22, 2014, a Participatory Planning-Workshop for the preparation of

Community Resource Management Plan was conducted for the Protected Area
Occupants and Buffer Zone Residents of Mount Calavite Wildlife Sanctuary situated in
Barangay Harrison, Paluan, Occidental Mindoro. The workshop was held at the
Barangay Hall, So. Pamutusin, Harrison, Paluan, Occidental Mindoro. The workshop was
attended by forty-seven (47) participants (male-41 & female-6) and twelve (12)
facilitators and secretariat (male-9 & female-3). The participants were composed of
Barangay Officials, Sitio Leaders of Harrison, Leaders or Mayors of IP’s and
representative of Peoples Organization (PO) within the barangay (See Photos on
Annex 3 and Future Plans on Annex 4).


II. VISION STATEMENT
In the planning-workshop conducted on October 22, 2014, the participants were

able to express their longings, dreams and aspiration for their community future in
harmony with the natural resources found within the protected area. As an output, their
vission statement as a community living within the Mount Calavite Wildlife Sanctuary
was formed and conceptualized, as follows:
”A PEOPLE LIVING IN A COMMUNITY WITH BASIC FACILITIES AND

OPPORTUNITIES WHILE SUSTAINING THE INTEGRITY
OF ITS NATURAL RESOURCES.”
III. PRESENT USE OF LAND, FOREST AND WATER
The land classification of MCWS, being a declared protected area and component
of the NIPAS, is generally considered as a national park under the 1987 Philippines
Constitution. It should be noted that the Constitution provides for four major land
classifications and these are (a) Forest or Timberland; (b) Alienable and Disposable or
Agricultural Lands; (c) Mineral Lands; and (d) National Park.
Around 16,430.5282 ha, or 90% of MCWS is classified as forest/timberland and

only about 1,742.1604 ha, or 10%, is considered as alienable and disposable (A&D)
land using the land classification provided in the Revised Forestry Code or Presidential
Decree (PD) 705 of the Philippines (See on Table 1). Most of the alienable and
disposable lands are confined in the south-southeastern portion of MCWS (See Map on
Annex 5).
Table 1. MCWS Land Classification Based on PD 705
Land Classification Area (ha) Percentage

Forest/Timberland 16,430.5282 90.41%
Alienable and Disposable 1,742.1604 9.59%
Total 18,172.6886 100.00%
Based on PD 705, forest/timberland is referred to lands of the public domain,

which have been the subject of the present system of classification and determined to
be needed for forest purposes. However, some of the forestlands in MCWS are already
cogonal and agricultural areas. On the other hand, alienable and disposable lands are
define as lands of the public domain, which have been the subject of the present


system of classification and declared as not needed for forest purposes. These areas
can be used for residential and agricultural purposes.
Based on a 2011 satellite view from the Google Earth, the land cover classes of
MCWS have been classified and these were verified, through groundtruthing. This
activity resulted to the updated land cover map of MCWS, which shows, that the 72%
(11,830 ha) forest cover in 2003 has increased to about 77% (12,505 ha). The
grasslands significantly decreased from 2003 (22% or 3,581 ha) to the present (14% or
2,300 ha). Agricultural areas, however, increased from 27 ha in 2003 to approximately
33 ha at present. (Source: MFCFI MCWS-RSEA Final Report, March 2014).
The present land and resource uses of Mount Calavite Wildlife Sanctuary within
Barangay Harrison falls into four (4) major categories, agriculture land-use, forest use,
water and wetland use and general resource/land-use.
Agriculture Land-Use:
Based on their Barangay Profile of 2013 (See on Annex 6), Harrison has a total
of 112.3 hectares of agricultural land area. The main livelihood activities in Barangay
Harrison are agriculture and fisheries. Most of the alienable and disposal land and some
of the forest land of Barangay Harrison are devoted to agriculture for rice production.
Others are planted with various crops, such as vegetables and rootcrops.
Agricultural areas in MCWS are mainly found on its western portions and are
usually planted with rice throughout the year. The rice fields are generally concentrated
to flat sections close to the coast and in between hills and mountains. Other agricultural
areas are confined in gentle to moderate slopes. These areas are planted with cassava
(Manihot esculenta) and bananas. Some fruit trees, like jackfruit, mangoes and tubers,
are also grown in backyard farms and orchards.
Based on the imformant, there is a wide coconut plantation in So. Pinagbayanan.

Also, cashew trees can be found in So. Ulasan, So. Hinugasan and So. Ignonok.
Forest Use:
Mt Calavite is on a mountainous headland at the north-western tip of Mindoro

Island. Until recently the area was a wilderness, with the north and north-west sides
forested to the beach, but much of the forest has been cleared for agriculture. There
are now large tracts of cogonal grassland, with second growth lowland forest patches
confined to gullies and very steep slopes. (Source: Paluan CBMS Profile 2012).


“Kaingin” System: The estimated forestlands of the MCWS are about

16,430.5282 ha, or 90% of its total. However, there are forestlands subjected to
“kaingin” and already planted with fruit bearing trees and upland field crops.
Grasslands: The grasslands in MCWS are found in the western portions of the
PA, and usually planted with rice throughout the year. The rice fields are generally
confined in flat sections close to the coast and in between hills and mountains. Other
agricultural areas are situated in gentle to moderate slopes. (Source: MFCFI MCWS-
RSEA Final Report, March 2014).
Grazing Areas: Some of these grasslands are being used as pastureland or

grazing areas, locally known as “paligawan”, by Indigenous Peoples and Tenured
Migrants. Grasslands are being used as grazing areas mostly for the cattle and
carabaos. Grasslands appear to be important to a few individuals engaged in farming
free-ranging cattle from the lowlands to the higher elevations of MCWS. Some
communities, including the Iraya tribe of the Mangyan, practice small scale, or backyard
farming, of free-ranging cattle. To a number of community members, cogon grass
Imperata cylindrica appears to be an important local product as roof material for
temporary shelters in the field and their homes. Most residents also burn the grass
within their claim lots to initiate new growth of cogon grass for their goats, carabaos
and cattle. Clearings, created mostly from intentional burning of forest and grasslands,
intersperse between patches of native vegetation. (Source: MFCFI MCWS-RSEA Final
Report, March 2014). However, imformant revealed that their “paligawan” or grazing
area located at Binagyuhan of So. Hinugasan were planted by trees by the DENR under
the National Greening Program (NGP) implementation.
National Greening Program: One of the existing forest uses of MCWS is the
National Greening Program (NGP) being implementated within the Protected Area.
President Benigno S. Aquino III issued Executive Order No. 26 ordering the
implementation of the NGP as a government priority. The program shall plant 1.5 billion
trees covering about 1.5 million hectares by 2016. In MCWS, implementation of NGP
had started in CY 2011 with a total of 1,897 hectares area planted as of October 2014
(See on Table 2 and Map on Annex 7). Being a protected area, MCWS was planted
with indigenous species of trees such as narra, dungon, malabayabas, bani, malaruhat,
duhat, inyam, ipil alakaak and kamagong. (Source: DENR-CENRO Mamburao).
Table 2. National Greening Program (NGP) Areas within MCWS
YEAR Area (ha) Location

2011 40 So. Binagyuhan, Harrison, Paluan, Occidental Mindoro
2012 100 So. Binagyuhan, Harrison, Paluan, Occidental Mindoro


2013 600 So. Anduling/So. Patag Igme, Harrison, Paluan, Occ. Mdo.
2014 1,157 So. Aglimasan, Harrison, Paluan, Occidental Mindoro
Total 1,897
Integrated Social Forestry: There are 204 ha of land were distributed by DENR
under the Integrated Social Forestry (ISF) program to 106 beneficiaries in 1994. This
was undertaken to help conserve the remaining forest. The area covered by the ISF is
located in So. Hinugasan up to So. Igmanukan and So. Balimbing. The ISF agreement,
known as the Certificate of Stewardship Contract (CSC), spans 25 years, which
supposed to be renewable for another 25 years. The ISF sites will be included as part
Community-Based Program (CBP) areas pursuant to DAO 2002-02 and DAO No. 2004-
32, “the Guidelines on the Establishment and Management of Community-Based
Program in Protected Areas.”
Timber Products: Majority of the residents in Barangay Harrison use wood for
fuel. Wood is also used to build houses. This popular practice by the locals that add
pressures to the remaining natural resources in MCWS, since tree plantation for
commercial purposes is not yet popular in the area.
Water and Wetland Use:
Rivers: The freshwater ecosystems found in MCWS include ponds and numerous
networks of rivers and streams. There are a number of major river systems and creeks
emanating from MCWS. Major rivers identified in MCWS are the Binuangan River,
Hinugasan River, Igmanukan River, Aglimasan River, Talahib River, Ekbo River, Cagiban
River, Balacone River and Malugao River. These rivers were then used as focal points in
the delineation of 19 sub-watersheds in the PA. (Source: MFCFI MCWS-RSEA Final
Report, March 2014).
Rivers and streams are also sources of food, such as shrimps, palos, igat,
kayapaan (parang talangka), native hito, baglaw, pulaleng, barongis, yatip, baligwang
(susung malaki). (Source: MFCFI MCWS-RSEA Final Report, March 2014).
Wetland: A small pond – Igmanukan Lake close to Binagyuhan was observed to

be a roosting site for the threatened endemic Philippine Duck (Anas luzonica) and other
species of waterbirds. The surrounding vegetation of the pond is already converted to
rice paddies with few Nauclea trees, locally known as bangkal, left standing close to the
banks. (Source: MFCFI MCWS-RSEA Final Report, March 2014).
Water Supply: The surrounding lands of MCWS are all dependent on agriculture
as their main source of livelihood and food supply. Mindoro as a province ranks number
one in the Philippines in terms of rice and corn production. This translates into the

increase need for water for agricultural services particularly for rice fields. The main
sources of water for irrigation come from the rivers that drain from Mt. Calavite.
(Source: MFCFI MCWS-RSEA Final Report, March 2014).
Over the years, the demands for clean water and water for agriculture increases
as population also increase thus posing an imminent threat to the watersheds of MCWS.
Almost all the surrounding lowlands of MCWS were dedicated to agriculture and about
80% of it was into rice production. Corn was also a major agricultural product while a
small percentage of the agricultural sector dedicated to high value crop production e.g.
onions and vegetables. All of these demands water and local initiatives cater to
developing irrigation canals to facilitate agricultural production. This poses an increase
risk in further depleting the rivers and in turn the watersheds of MCWS. (Source: MFCFI
MCWS-RSEA Final Report, March 2014).
The protection of the remaining forests of MCWS would be critical in the

economic and agricultural development in the area. Watershed conservation strategies
are closely inter-linked with forest protection activities, habitat restoration, regulation of
water use, protection of wildlife and integrating the need for watershed and biodiversity
conservation in the education and awareness activities at the community level. (Source:
MFCFI MCWS-RSEA Final Report, March 2014).
General Resource and Land-Use:
Infrastracture Facilities and Utilities: The existing general land use of Barangay
Harrison includes community dwelling areas, road networks, bridges, lighthouse and
walking trails.
Community dwelling areas are place wherein basic facilities can be found such as
residential houses, school sites, Barangay Centers, churches, health centers, basketball
courts and other basic facilities.
School Buildings. There are nine (9) public and private schools found at
Barangay Harrison, seven (7) primary/elementary, one (1) preschool and one (1)
learning center. (See on Table 3).
Table 3. Schools within Barangay Harrison.

Location Type Number of School
So. Calangigan Primary/Elementary 1
So. Ignonok Primary/Elementary 1
So. Pinagbayanan Primary/Elementary 2
So. Pamutusin Primary/Elementary 1
Preschool/Daycare Center 1

So. Hinugasan Primary-Minority School 1

So. Ulasan Primary-Adventist Minority School 1
Learning Center 1
TOTAL 9
(Source: Barangay Profile of Harrison)
Housing and shelters. Barangay Harrison has a total of 652 households based on
the CBMS 2012., The 652 households based on the kinds of shelter, it was classified
into permanent (concrete, wood & G.I. sheet), semi-permanent (wood & G.I. Sheet)
and temporary (bamboo, sawali & nipa/cogon). According to the classification, there are
102 permanent, 100 semi-permanent and 450 temporary shelters. Based on the Survey
and Registration of Protected Area Occupants (SRPAO) conducted by the DENR in 2011,
a total of 284 households were initially recorded within the MCWS situated at
Barangaay Harrison. The 284 households were consist of 1,496 total individuals, 780
male and 716 female.
Homelots and Farmlots: Based on the results of SRPAO conducted in 2011,

initially there are 6,834 hectares of homelots and 102.981 hectares of farmlots, totalling
to 6,936.981 hectares are occupied by the protected area occupants within the MCWS.
Hunting: Some locals still undertake hunting of animals for food. Some of the
animals being hunted include wild pig, deer, labuyo (native chicken), papan (wild duck),
giant fruit bat, bayawak, imperial pigeons (ballot), punay, hornbill, lintoy, tiktik and
pugo, among others.
Collecting of Honey: The Mangyans also gather honey from the forest. Burning of
pukyutan to gather the honey sometimes causes forest fire.
Medicinal Plants: The indigenous communities use a variety of plants with

medicinal properties. Provided in Table 4 the list of plants frequently used for common
ailments, as mentioned by FGD respondents from Sitios Ulasan, Binagyuhan and
Pamuntusin. (Source: MFCFI MCWS-RSEA Final Report, March 2014).
Table 4. List of Medicinal Plants Recorded in MCWS
Growth
Local Name Uses
Habit
Tree Baligtarin Cough
Kalingog Cough, stomach ache
Amuyong (seed from a Stomach ache, acidity
tree)
Bayabas Diarhea, disinfectant of wounds


Growth
Local Name Uses
Habit
Tuay Bark is used for burns
Balite Water (sap) used for sprains
Putat Cough
Yapyap Burned and put in wounds
Kasoy Diarhea
Manga Diarhea
Abilo Nausea
Kalamansi Cough
Dayap Cough
Barokan Dagta is used an antipyretic and analgesic
like ‘Medicol’
Alamag Chills
Bayag ano Pigsa (boil)
Malungay Rabies, snake bite
Kaimito Diarhea
Duhat Diarhea
Awili Head ache
Anonang Pasma
Tuba Head ache, sprain (nabalian)
Sambong Nalulula
Vine Pugod Cough
Balingway (rattan) Stops bleeding for women who have given
birth
Shrub Sibukaw (sapang) Cough, pilay (sprain)
Herb Luya (Ginger) Stomach ache,
Luyang dilaw (turmeric) Boil, bukol
Lubigan Rabies, stomach ache, snake bite
Collecting of Pebbles: There are about 100 individuals, both IPs and non-IPs,
gathering pebbles from the coastal areas of Paluan. Outsiders buy the pebbles per
sack. The pebble gatherers are being encouraged by the DENR and the LGU to form
themselve into a cooperative and register with the Cooperatives Development Authority
(CDA).
Ecotourism: Tourism is fast emerging as a money-earner for Paluan. Foreign and

domestic back-packers frequent Calawagan Mountain Resort and other tourist
attractions. In the near future, it is expected that ecotourism will be Paluan’s premier
economic activity. Existing and potential tourist attractions in MCWS include Agbokbok
Falls, Ruins of Pinagbayanan Church (Claimed as the 1st Church in Occidental Mindoro)


and Mount Calavite Peak. Currently, the most popular route going to the peak is
through Ulasan, passing through the Mangyan community.
IV. ISSUES AND THREATS
In the participatory-workshop conducted, the participants listed down the

problems and recommended solutions associated on land and resource uses of Mount
Calavite Wildlife Sanctuary situated at Barangay Harrison, Paluan, Occidental Mindoro
classified into primary issues (See on Table 5). Also Community Mapping of Existing
Land and Resource Uses were undertaken during the workshop (See Community
Maps on Annex 8).
Table 5. Problems and recommended solutions

It was associated on land and resource uses of Mount Calavite Wildlife
Sanctuary situated at Barangay Harrison, Paluan, Occidental Mindoro.
ISSUES PROBLEMS RECOMMENDED SOLUTIONS
Conservation Issues
 Destruction Agbokbok Falls and  Restraining “kaingin” system
drying up of its water attributed adjacent to Agbokbok Falls
by kaingin  Refrain in doing “kaingin” system &
 Excessive “Kaingin” system of illegal logging
farming / slash and burn  Avoid or control “kaingin” system
 “Kaingin” system that triggers
droughts
Agriculture related
Issues
Farm Inputs  Lacking on fertilizers  Farm inputs and materials. They
 No planting Materials (seeds) should be granted with planting
 No insecticides, pesticides materials
 Asked assistance from D.A. for free
planting materials
Farm Equipment &  No Farm equipments (e.g.,  To be benefited with farm
Farm Animals handtractor, Sprayers) equipments
 No farm animals (e.g., Carabaos)  To be benefited with farm animals
Irrigation  No irrigation canals for the  Putting up proper irrigation canals
agricutural areas for the farmland
 Not enough irrigation for the  To be benefitted with waterpumps
ricelands  Assistance to farmers by putting
 Droughts. Not enough water for irrigations
the farmlands during dry season
Stray Animals and  Stray animals that destroys their  Seize the astray animals and put in

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ISSUES PROBLEMS RECOMMENDED SOLUTIONS
Grazing Areas planted rice and other field grazing areas

crops  Compliance with the policy on
 The grazing areas were planted astray animals being implemented
by the DENR under NGP by the barangay officials
program.  Designation of common grazing
areas for the concerned sitios
General Issues
Tenurial Issues  No land/farmlands  To have tenure over the land they
 No Housing occupied
 Ancestral Domain Claims of the  They should be granted with house
Mangyan-Iraya Tribe within the  Harmonization between the
MCWS domain claims, farmlots &
homelots acctually occupied by the
tenured migrants and A&D land.
Accessibity Issues  Bad farm to market roads to  Development of farm to market
bring products especially during roads to bring farm products
rainy season especially rice
 Rivers are not passable when  Construction of bridges
floods occur during rainy season
Vulnerability Issues  Farmland are covered by gravels  Putting up proper canals to avoid
that eroded from the river gravels covering the farmlands
during rainy seasons because  River banks protection and water
there is no proper water ways easement
 Farmlands were eroded due the
rivers that floods during rainy
season
Livelihood Issues  Lacking of jobs  Alternative livelihood opportunities
Health Issues  No toilets  Ask assistance from the R.H.U.
Conservation Issues:
There are varying perceptions of the various threats to conservation at MCWS

and its supposed buffer zones. Some of conservation issues on resource uses and
practices in MCWS are enumerated below.
 Timber poaching. Informants said that there are still timber poaching observed
within the MCWS. The culprits had temporarily stopped their poaching activities
when they noticed that DENR employees are in the area. Springs that are used by
the people for drinking are drying up. Trees that are being cut and logged include
ipil, amugin, anabitan, mulawin, lawaan, and kabolo for banca making. Also
informant said that poaching near the Agbokbok Falls was also observed.

 Slash and burn (Kaingin system). Mangyans consider kaingin as their indigenous
farming practice because of their nomadic existence. However, kaingin contributes
to the reduction of forest area. An informant said that there are kaingin farms in So.
Ignonok, near the Agbokbok Falls and nearby areas.
 Burning of honeycombs to gather honey. Honey gatherers are mostly Mangyans.
Sometimes, this activity leads to forest fires.
 Charcoal production. There are charcoal makers in the area and most of trees that
are made into charcoal were originated from naturally grow trees within the MCWS.
Agriculture related Issues:
The problems raised by participants of the participatory-workshop categorically

includes farm inputs, farm equipment and animals, irrigation system and stray animals
and loss of grazing areas.
Some participants, especially IP’s, raised as their problems the insufficient farm
inputs, such as planting materials, fertilizers and insecticides, as well as, pesticides.
They further raised the absence of farm equipments (e.g., handtractor, sprayers) and
farm animals (e.g., carbaos) for their farm lands.
Furthermore, among the problems raised, in relation to agricultural uses, were

the insufficient irrigation for their ricelands and even absence of it in some areas.
Insufficient water, even there are existing irrigation system, attributed by droughts
during dry weather conditions.
On the otherhand, astray animals is one of the priority issue raised by the
participants during the participatory planning-workshop. The stray animals, particularly
cows and carabaos, damaged and destroyed their field crops. They also identified the
loss of grazing areas as a problem for their animals being raised wherein their grazing
areas was planted with trees under the NGP implementation.
General Issues:
Land Tenure. One of the priority problems is the tenure related issue for the
lands being occupied and claimed by the Indigenous and Tenured Migrants. The most
controversial issue is the delineation made by the National Commission of Indigenous
People (NCIP) on the Ancestral Domains Claims of the Mangyan-Iraya Tribe within the
MCWS. According to informant, delineation made by NCIP in those areas pointed out by
the concerned IP leaders, which includes homelots and farmlots actually occupied by
tenured migrants, allienable and disposable lands and even karstic rock within the
seacoast.

Accessibility. Although there are existing roads going to Barangay Proper of

Harrison, it is bad and vey rough during rainy season. Also rivers with no bridge are not
passable when floods occur. During rainy season, it is hard to transport field products
into market. Moreover, some sitios are only accessible through foot trails and through
the sea by motorized boat going to coastal areas.
Vulnerability. Farmlands are vulnerable to floods, landslides and erosions.

Farmlands were eruded due to the rivers that floods during rainy seasons. The gravels
from the rivers were carried out into the ricelands by floods that covers the plantable
areas for field crops. These scenarios were attributed to the unprotected riverbanks and
the absence of irrigation canals in some farmlands.
V. ALLOWED AND NOT ALLOWED WITHIN THE DIFFERENT ZONES
Management Zoning should have been formulated for the protected area to
facilitate a flexible management. The scheme will likewise expedite the formulation of
prescriptive measures by the implementers. It also aims to protect sensitive or critical
habitats from any damaging activities.
Identification of management zones within the MCWS has not yet been
completed and designation of it has yet to be finalized by the PAMB in consultation with
the stakeholders.
As stipulated in the DENR Administrative Order (DAO) No. 2008-26, each

Protected Area shall be divided into two (2) management zones: the strict protection
zone and the multiple use zone consistent with its designated category.
Strict Protection Zone (SPZ) shall comprise natural areas with high biodiversity
value, closed to all human activities except for scientific studies and/or ceremonial or
religious use by the ICCs/IPs. It may include habitats of threatened species, or
degraded areas that have been designated for restoration and subsequent protection,
even if these areas are still in various stages of regeneration.
Multiple Use Zone (MUZ) shall comprise areas where the following may be
allowed consistent with the protected area management plan: settlement, traditional
and/or sustainable land-use, including agriculture, agro-forestry, and other income
generating or livelihood activities. It shall also include, among others, areas of high
recreational tourism, educational or environmental awareness values and areas
consisting of existing installations of national significance/interest such as development
of renewable energy sources, telecommunication facilities and electric power lines.

Due to the fact that Management Zones within MCWS has not yet been
completed and the identification of Community-Based Program (CBP) areas has yet to
be conducted, it is understood that the development of individual CRMP of each Cluster
Peoples Organization within Barangay Harrison shall be in consonance with
management prescriptions to be formulated for each zone. It is therefore assures that
the cluster PO’s will strictly observe the poliies and restrictions within the MCWS that
link with its management zones prescriptions.
The PO’s will assist the PAMB and PASu in the delineation of management zones
within the MCWS and will actively participate in the formulation of its management
prescriptions.
VI. FUTURE USES OF LAND AND RESOURCES
Although, delineation of CBP has not yet been conducted and cluster PO’s has
not yet been organized, the communities within Barangay Harrison represented by their
sitio and IP leaders had identified during the participatory planning-workshop the
various land and resource uses in the future. The concerned members of the
communities of Barangay Harrison shall partake with the DENR, through the PAMB and
PASu, the delineation and mapping of CBP areas within MCWS and its Buffer Zone. The
CBP areas delineated shall form part of the Protected Area Community Based Resource
Management Agreement (PACBRMA) to be entered by the and between the DENR and
the Clustered PO’s to be organized from among the tenured migrants Communities and
interested IP’s in MCWS and its Buffer Zones.
During the Participatory Planning-workshop for MCWS conducted on October 22,

2014, at Barangay Harrison, the communities agreed to group themselves into five (5)
clusters, to wit:
Cluster 1. So. Ulasan, So. Pula and So. Bulacan

Cluster 2. So. Pamutusin and So. Hinugasan including Igmanukan
Cluster 3. So. Calangigan, So. Binuangan and So. Ignonok
Cluster 4. So. Aglimasan, So. Agbakong and So. Itbo
Cluster 5. So. Pinagbayanan and So. Agbalite
As an output of community profiling and planning-workshop, the following land

and resource uses were identified for the future (See on Table 6).

Table 6. Future Land and Resource Uses Identified.
Future Land & Resoure Uses Description/Remarks

Community Dwelling Area – it includes This refers to the place wherein basic facilities can be found
homelots and community centers. such as residential houses, school sites, barangay centers,
health centers, churches, basketball courts, lighthouse and
other basic facilities
Farmlands - It is the farmlots actually This refers to areas for farming which includes ricefields,
occupied by the tenured migrants and agroforestry/fruit tree plantations (e.g., cashew, banana,
IP’s. coconut) and existing kaingin areas.
Small Water Impounding System (SWIS) These will serves as source of water for human consumption
- It is a small water impoundment human and for watering plants.
consumptions.
Irrigation System – Putting up of It includes irrigation canals for the farmlands. It also
irrigation-related facilities for the prevents floods to carry and scattered gravels to the
ricelands ricefileds.
Accessibility Facilities – It includes road A farm-to-market road for the communities to transport their
networks and bridges including access products easily. Establishment & developing of access trails
trails going to Barangay and Town Proper.
Grazing Area – An area to be designated It will serve as common grazing area for the domestic
as common grazing area animals, specifically carabaos and cows. Also, astray animals
will be placed in this area.
Production Forest – Plantation for fuel The local communities surrounding MCWS were largely
wood and timber production. dependent on fuelwood for cooking (firewood and charcoal)
and timber for building materials. The communities or PO’s
will be requesting the DENR and the PAMB to allocate land
for timber production and use of the local communities to
lessen the impact on the remaining forests habitats.
Ecotourism – refers to a form of There are many areas, within the MCWS situated at
sustainable tourism within a natural and Barangay Harrison, potential for recreational, educational and
cultural heritage area where community ecotourism activities that can be tapped by the communities
participation, protection and or PO’s as an alternative source of livelihood. It includes
management of natural resources, among others the following tourism products:
culture and indigenous knowledge and
practices, environmental education and  Mount Calavite Peak for Mountaineering. A majestic Mt.
ethics as well as economic benefits are Calavite wherein you can camp out at the heart of a 50-
fostered and pursued for the enrichment hectare plateau called “Matinggaran” wherein you can
of host communities and satisfaction of enjoy the panoramic view of Occ. Mindoro and nearby
visitors. province.
 Church Ruins. The ruin of Pinagbayanan church is
considered a heritage site. The church was constructed

Future Land & Resoure Uses Description/Remarks

in 1580 at the center of the created Parish of Calavite.
 Agbokbok Falls. It is an important inland wetland site
situated in the interior portion of southwestern coast at
MCWS. It has a wide fertile valley almost surruounded by
beautiful & hilly forest.
 Igmanukan Lake. It is a lake close to Binagyuhan which
was observed to be a roosting site for the threatened
endemic Philippine Duck Anas luzonica and other species
of waterbirds.
Medicines – The communities will be These plants will be used for common ailments of the
using a variety of plants with medicinal communities.
properties.
Reforestation under the National The communities or PO’s participation in the NGP being
Greening Program (NGP) – Involvement implemented by the DENR, especially in the NGP post
of the community in the NGP program of scenario after 2016. The communities are willing to partake
the DENR under the administration of His in the implementation of NGP as PO’s in the tree planting
Excellency, President Benigno S. Aquino activities, maintenance and protection of respective sites in
III. partnership with the DENR.
VII. MECHANICS OF IMPLEMENTING THE PLAN
Since this is a Preliminary CRM Plan for Barangay Harrison, it shall form part of
the barangay plans and programs to be implemented by the communities living therein
under the leadership and management of the barangay officials.
General Assembly. This draft CRM Plan will be presented to the concerned
communities, particularly those tenured migrants and IP’s living within MCWS. This can
be done through calling of General Assembly. This draft plan shall be translated in
Tagalog and to be presented to community members for validation. After the initial
presentation, the concerned communities will be given an ample time to discuss
internally among themselves. A final validation should be done after the community
have thoroughtly studied the draft CRMP and maps.
PO Formation by Cluster. As what agreed in the Participatory Planning Workshop,

the tenured migrants and interested IP’s of Barangay Harrison shall be formed into five
(5) clusters, listed as follows:
Cluster 1. So. Ulasan, So. Pula and So. Bulacan

Cluster 2. So. Pamutusin and So. Hinugasan including Igmanukan
Cluster 3. So. Calangigan, So. Binuangan and So. Ignonok
Cluster 4. So. Aglimasan, So. Agbakong and So. Itbo

Cluster 5. So. Pinagbayanan and So. Agbalite
Each cluster shall form themselves as a Peoples Organization with the assistance
of the PASu, as a lead, CENRO, LGU’s (Municipality of Paluan and Barangay Harrison),
NCIP and concerned NGO (e.g., MBCFI). The PO’s to be formed shall be assisted by the
abovementioned agencies/organizations in accomplishing the requirements and
registration with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), Cooperative
Development Authority (CDA), Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE), or other
registering agency.
Assistance in the Identification of CBP Areas. Each cluster PO’s formed shall
assist the DENR in the identification of Community Based Program (CBP) areas within
their respective areas. It is necessary in the preparation of preliminary map delineation
of the CBP sites within the allowable zones of the protected area and its buffer zones.
Application for PACBRMA. The concerned PO’s organized shall submit to the
PASu theeir application for the processing and approval of Protected Area Community-
Based Resource Management Agreement or PACBRMA. The PO’s shall seek the
assistance of the PASu and concerned agencies/organizations in the preparation of
requirements to be submitted.
Preparation of CRMP by Cluster PO’s. After the issuance of PACBRMA, the

concerned PO (PACBRMA Holder) shall prepare their individual CRMP by Cluster. The
PO’s will seek the assistance of the PASu and CENRO in the preparation of the CRMP
that should be consistent with the Protected Area Management Plan (PAMP).
Validation and Finalization of CRMP. The individual CRMP by Clustered PO shall

be presented to the PO members for validation. After the validation of the final version
of individual CRM Plans of the Cluster PO’s, the PAMB-MCWS shall be requested to
endorsed the plans through a board resolution to the DENR for affirmation of the
Regional Director of DENR R4B MIMAROPA and the DENR Secretary.
CRMP Dessimination. Each cluster PO, with the assistance of the PASu and
CENRO, shall dessiminate to their respective members the CRMP affirmed by the DENR
Regional Director and DENR Secretary. The clutered PO’s shall inform their barangay
leaders and other local government units to integrate their CRMP’s in their barangay
and municipal planning.

VIII. CONFLICT MANAGEMENT
In case that there are confilcts arises in the implementation of this preliminary
CRM Plan, a meeting among barangay leaders and concerned community members
shall be called by the Barangay Chairman to resolved such conflicts. The Barangay
Chairman may also invite, if necessary, the support of other agencies/organizations in
the government and private sectors.
IX. FUTURE ADJUSTMENTS OF MAPS AND PLAN
This preliminary CRM Plan, including its maps, should be updated soon as the
Management Zones of the Protected Area and the CBD areas had already been
delineated. This plan shall be updated and its maps shall be adjusted in the preparation
of individual CRMP of each clustered PO’s once their PACBRMA’s had alredy been issued
to them.
X. TASK AHEAD – MEETINGS, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TRAINING AND

LIVELIHOOD RELATED PROJECTS/ACTIVITIES
Issues and concerns that arise in the implementation of this plan shall always be
included in topics to be discussed during assembly meetings and sessions of the
Sanggguniang Barangay. This step will help the communities informed on any updates
and development of the plan and its implementation
The PASu and the CENRO and other concerned agencies shall be consulted for
any technical assistance and trainings for the effective implementation of this plan,
especially in the formations and registrations of cluster PO’s, and application for
issuance of PACBRMA , as well as in the preparation of individual CRM Plan.
With regards to plan of action associated on land and resource uses of Mount
Calavite Wildlife Sanctuary, some opportunities had been identified in relation to
livelihood related projects and activities (See Plan of Action on Table 7).

Table 7. Plan of Action of Barangay Harrison

It was associated on Land and Resource Uses of Mount Calavite Wildlife
Sanctuary
Plans of
Responsible
Opportunity Activity/ Problems/Issue Solution Strategy
Office/Unit
Strategy
Backyard 1. Enhance their Stakeholders, -Area for grazing -Designate an area

livelihood capacity in DENR D.A./ and forage of the of grazing and
Activities animal OMA, LGU animal. forage
breeding -Equal opportunity
for livelihood grants.
2. Introduce Stakeholders, -Adaptability of the -Conduct first

other livelihood D D.A./ OMA, project in the area feasibility study
projects LGU, DTI, -Technical know- regarding the project
DENR how on the project -Establish
marketability of the networking for the
project. market
Vast Forest 1. Protection of Stakeholders, -Persistence of -Reforestation

Area the forested DENR, D.A./ slash and burn activity
area OMA, LGU, activity -Continuous IEC
-illegal Loggers drive
-Drought to -Define the
watershed permanent
boundary zoning of
the area
-Creation and
mobilize
enforcement body
-Regular patrolling
and monitoring
activities
Major rivers 1. Protection of Stake holder, -Rivers -Define the river

and 19 Sub- river beds DENR, LGU sedimentation system
watershed shifting river system -Implement river
clogging of water bank protection
outlet rehab/planting of
trees
-Construction of
water system
covering the whole
Barangay for
domestic and farm
Plans of
Responsible
Opportunity Activity/ Problems/Issue Solution Strategy
Office/Unit
Strategy
used
2. Develop Stake holder Unsustainable use of - Delineation of

Ecotourism DENR, DOT, river beds & its rivers & its
Activities LGU watersheds watershed area
suitable for
sustainable tourism
Agricultural 1. Enhancement Stakeholders, -Lacking of farm -Subsidise farm

Products of production D.A./ OMA, inputs/costly inputs/develop
of their LGU, DENR scheme of
agricultural -Packing standard subsidy/payment
products
2. Develop -Conduct Training

marketing and for packaging
promotions for -Develop
the agri- standard/QC for all
products the product
Ecotourism 1. Develop an eco Stakeholders, -No regular trips -Develop access

Services tourism PAMB, DOT, going to the sites road and trips going
activities LGU, DENR -Market opportunity to the sites
-Promotion of the
(Church Ruins, ecotourism
Rivers/Falls/Lake,
Calavite Peak,
Camping/Hiking)
XI. AGREEMENT ON USE OF FOREST, LAND AND WATER
The Barangay Community of Harrison with respect on the use of forest, land and
water within the Mount Calavite Wildlife Sanctuary shall abide on the existing policies,
rules and regulations of the protectd area. Moreover, any activities and projects that the
community may undertake shall be in consonance with the PAMP and its Management
Zones Prescriptions.

XII. COMMITMENTS ON THE PROTECTION AND CONSERVATION OF THE PA
Commitments on the protection and conservation of the protected area shall be

reflected in the individual CRMP’s to be formulated by each clustered PO’s after the
issuance of tenurial instrument, which is the PACBRMA.

REFERENCES
BLI (Bird Life International). 2013. Important Bird Areas factsheet: Mount Calavite
Wildlife Sanctuary. Retrieved on 8 August 2013 from http://www.birdlife.org.
DENR-CENRO. 1997. Initial Protected Area Plan (IPAP) of Mount Calavite Game Refuge
and Bird Sanctuary, Paluan, Occidental Mindoro. DENR-CENRO Mamburao,
Occidental Mindoro.
DENR-CENRO. 2011. Survey and Registration of Protected Area Occupants (SRPAO).

Mount Calavite Wildlife Sanctuary, Paluan, Occidental Mindoro. DENR-CENRO
Mamburao, Occidental Mindoro.
DENR-CENRO. 2012. Agbokbok Waterfalls Development Plan, So. Agbokbok, Barangay

Harrison, Paluan, Occidental Mindoro. DENR-CENRO Mamburao, Occidental
Mindoro.
DENR-CENRO. 2014. National Greening Program Report. DENR-CENRO Mamburao,

Occidental Mindoro.
DENR-PAWB. 2009. Republic Act (RA) No. 7586, otherwise known as the National
Integrated Protected Areas Systems (NIPAS) Act of 1992 and the DENR
Adminstrative Order (DAO) No. 2008-26, the Revised Implementing Rules and
Regulations.
DENR-PAWB. 2013. DENR Adminstrative Order (DAO) 1999-49, the Guidelines in the
Identification, Development and Implementation of Livelihood Activities and
Opportunities for Qualifeid Protected Area Occupants.
DENR-PAWB. 2013. DENR Adminstrative Order (DAO) 2004-32, the Revised Guidelines
on the Establishment of Community-Based Program in Protected Areas.
DENR-PAWB. 2013. DENR Adminstrative Order (DAO) 2013-20, the Revised Guidelines
on the Survey and Registration of Protected Area Occupants.
DENR-PAWB. 2013. Facilitators’ Guide to the Preparation of Community Resource

Management Plan for the PACBRMA Holders.
DENR-PENRO. 2007. Protected Area Suitability Assessment for Mt. Calavite Game
Refuge and Bird Sanctuary. DENR-PENRO, Mamburao, Occidental Mindoro.
Foundation for the Philippine Environment and Mindoro Biodiversity Conservation

Foundation, Inc (MBCFI). 2014. Final Report: Mount Calavite Wildlife Sanctuary
Resource and Socio-Economic Assessment.
FPE (Foundation for the Philippine Environment). 2013. Mt. Calavite Wildlife Sanctuary
(MCWS). FPE eNews Volume No.6. Retrieved from www.fpe.ph/mt-calavite-
wildlife-sanctuary-mcws.
Google. History of Paluan, Occidental Mindoro. Occidental Mindoro History.

(https://sites.google.com/site/occidentalmindorohistory/historypaluan).
I am Mangyan Blogger. 2008. (http://www.mangyanblogger.com/2008/05/visit-

paluan.html).
I Love Paluan. 2008. (http://ilovepaluan.blogspot.com/).
Malayang III, Ben S., E. G. Oracion, J.T. Padin and P.B. Canlas. 2013. Mt. Calavite
Wildlife Sanctuary: Management Effectiveness and Capacity Assessment Report.
Department of Environment and Natural Resources - Protected Areas and Wildlife
Bureau and Deutsche GesellschaftfürInternationaleZusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH.
Municipality of Paluan. 2012. Community-based Management System (CBMS) Profile

2012, Paluan, Occidental Mindoro.
Municipality of Paluan. 2014. Socio-Economic Profile of the Municipality of Paluan.

Paluan, Occidental Mindoro.
PhilGIS Philippine GIS Data Clearing House. (http://www.philgis.org/freegisdata.htm).
TRIPOD. (tripod.com). (http://ka-lahi.tripod.com/paluan.html).
WIKIMAPIA. (http://wikimapia.org).
WIKIPEDIA, the free encyclopedia. (http://en.wikipedia.org).
WordPress. (http://resilientpaluanoccmin.wordpress.com/2013/06/25/barangay-disaster
-preparedness-profile/).

ANNEXES
Annex 1
ADMINISTRATIVE BOUNDARY MAP

Mount Calavite Wildlife Sanctuary
Paluan, Occidental Mindoro
Scale: 1:240000
LEGEND:
PA Boundary 0 >1 km
Barangay Boundary
Poblacion 1 - Mapalad
Poblacion 2 - Handang Tumulong
Poblacion 3 - Silahis Ng Pag-Asa N
Poblacion 4 - Pag-Asa ng Bayan
Poblacion 5 - Bagong Silang
Poblacion 6 - San Jose
Barangay Alipaoy
Barangay Harrison W E
Barangay Lumangbayan
Barangay Mananao
Barangay Marikit
Barangay Tubili Prepared by: EMS I/PASu ROBERT P. DUQUIL
S
History of Barangay Harrison Annex 2-1
HISTORY OF BARANGAY HARRISON

Situated in the Municipality of Paluan
Province of Occidental Mindoro
(Source: https://sites.google.com/site/occidentalmindorohistory/historypaluan)
The original name of this community (Barangay Harrison) was Pula. It came from
the name given by the indigenous people to a kind of worm found here. It also came
from the color of the soil near the seashore where sea vessels used to land.
A few families of indigenous people lived in this place during the Spanish
occupation of Mindoro. Due to the thick forest found on the hills surrounding this place,
it was made as a hideout of the individuals who did not want to subject themselves to
Spanish rule, refused to be baptized to the Catholic faith and who committed crimes
against the foreign invaders. They were called tulisanes by the Spaniards. In 1888, it
was mentioned in the report of a Spanish missionary that a group of tulisanes from this
community entered Poblacion, Paluan.
The indigenous people belonging to the Iraya tribe were the ones who gave the
names of the sitios of this place. Sitio Calangigan where the lighthouse is located at
present was named after the turtles or cala which used to lay eggs in the seashore of
this place. Sitio Hinugasan was named for its being the location of a river where the
Irayas washed the blood of the pigs which they used to offer to their anitos in order
that their gods would allow them to gather plenty of honey. Sitio Aglimasan was the
place where, for hours, they continuously drew muddy water from the newly dug wells
to make it clear and potable.
Two sitios of the indigenous people of Harrison were mentioned in the report
submitted by a missionary priest to the head of his congregation, during the Spanish
occupation. One of the sitios was Pamutusin which he visited in 1825 to convince the
Irayas to receive the Sacrament of Baptism. The second sitio was Ignonoc which was
created as a barrio by the foreigners and named as San Francisco.
During the Spanish regime, the families of Garcia, Felipe, Casil, Poblete,
Zambales, Castillo, Montemayor, Solomon, Villas and De Veas arrived in this
community. Majority of the said families came from the nearby island of Lubang. Aside
from farming and fishing, cutting of big trees from the nearby hills were their means of
livelihood.
During that time, there were plenty of tamaraw in Mt. Calavite, Paluan and the
American officials used to hunt there. One of them was Governor General Francis
Burton Harrison who sponsored the Filipinization Policy which gave Filipinos the chance
to govern their own country.
History of Barangay Harrison Annex 2-2
In 1914, the said official arrived at Pula. He was met by Municipal President
Estanislao Pag-ilagan who was the leader of Paluan during that time. Mun. Pres. Pag-
ilagan invited Gov. Harrison to visit the center of the municipality of Paluan before
hunting for tamaraw at Mt. Calavite. A grand celebration was held in Paluan as a
gesture of the warm welcome given by the people to the foreign leader.
Due to the historic visit of the governor general to Pula, when the community
was elevated to the status of a barrio in 1916, by virtue of a municipal resolution,
Harrison was registered as its official name.
When World War II broke out, the forest near Harrison was made as one of the
hideouts of the Filipino guerrillas. A group of Japanese soldiers sometimes visited the
barrio, especially during the period when they hunted for Major Phillip, the leader of the
group of Filipino-American guerrillas who were experts in operating communication
facilities.
In 1942, pilots of Japanese warplanes thought that MV Don Esteban, a cargo

ship of Dela Rama Shipping Lines was an American warship. They riddled the sea vessel
with machine gun bullets and bombed it until it sank.
After the war, a primary school was opened in Harrison. Many years passed
before it became a complete elementary school.
One of the problems of the municipal mayors of Paluan was how to construct the
road from the town’s center up to this community. Since Harrison is surrounded by hills
and it is far from the poblacion, the road could not be constructed due to insufficient
funds. However, projects like barangay hall, day care center, plaza and concrete stage
were constructed in this place.
Those who served as leaders of Harrison were Casamero Viaña, Amador

Tagumpay, Rudy Dimapilis, Apollo de Lara, Renato Ramos and Benito Cababay. The
leader of the barangay at present is Brgy. Captain Menardo Toriana.
Annex 3-1
Figure 8. Photos of the Participatory Planning Workshop

Held on October 22, 2014, at Barangay Harrison
Annex 3--2

Annex 3--3

Annex 3-4

Annex 3-5

Annex 3-6

Annex 3-7

Annex 3-8

List of Future Plans of Barangay Harrison Annex 4-1
LIST OF FUTURE PLANS OF BARANGAY HARRISON
The list of future plans associated on land and resource uses of Mount Calavite Wildlife
Sanctuary within Barangay Harrison identified by the participants/communities during the
Participatory Planning-Workshop held on October 22, 2014.
MGA MITHIING PANGARAP

(ASPIRATIONS)
 Pangarap kong magkaroon ng kuryente (24 hours na daloy ng kuryente) at pangarap ko

din pong magkaroon ng maayos na daan.
 Sana po ay pantay na bahagi ang mga katutubo at mangyan ng Barangay at mapigil ang
pagkasira ng kabundukan upang maranasan ng susunod na kabataan ang kaayusan,
kapakinabangan sa ating likas na yaman lalo na sa kagubatan.
 Umangat ang antas ng pamumuhay ng mga mamamayan ng Brgy. Harrison.
 Magkaroon ng mataas na paaralan para sa mga anak ng mga mamamayan.
 Manumbalik ang luntiang kulay ng ating kabundukan.
 Kalsada mula bukid hanggang bayan
 Patubig para sa tubig palayan
 Ang pangarap po naming mga katutubo na nakatira sa Sitio Ulasan at Bulakan na ang
lupa na aming tinataniman at lililnisin at sa ngayon ay doon namin kinukuha ang aming
ikinabubuhay ay maipagkaloob na sa ming mga katutubo at ng sa ganoon po ay umunlad
po naman ang aming pamumuhay pagdating ng araw.
 Ang aking pangarap sa aking mga anak ay mapag-aral kong lahat ang aming limang anak
sa tamang pamamaraan.
 Tungkol naman sa aming taga Sitio Pinagbayanan ay magkaroon kami ng matatag,
maayos at malinis na tubig na inumin tungo sa Sitio na kahit tag-init ay tuloy ang daloy.
 Maaring maiwasan ang pagsusunog ng gubat, ito ay mas mabuti.
 Sana po ay magkaroon kami ng malinins na inuming tubig sa aming pamayanan at
malayo kami sa sakit.
 Ang aking panagarap para sa Sitio pinagbyanan, habang ako ang Mayor ng Sitio ay
magkaroon kami ng matatag na tubig inumin sa Sitio kahit na magtag-init ay tuloy ang
daloy ng tubig sa Sitio.
 Panagarap ko po na magkaroon ng bahay pulungan ng pamunuang Sitio.
 Kami po na taga Sitio Aglimasan ay aming pangarap po makatapos ng pag-aaral ang
aming mga anak.
 Magkaroon ng dagdag na mga guro.
 Ang aking pong pangarap ay sana po lahat ng pangarap ng aking kabarangay ay matupad.
Annex 4. Future Plans of Barangay Harrison

List of Future Plans of Barangay Harrison Annex 4-2
BUOD NG MGA PANGARAP AT MITHIIN NG BARANGAY HARRISON
Ang mga pangarap at mithiin ng mga mamamayan ng Barangay Harrison ay umiinog sa

ilang bagay:
1. Maayos na daan at malinis na tubig inumin

2. Magkaroon ng mga anak na nakapagtapos at magkaroon ng mga paaralan
3. Magkaroon ng mga pananim na siyang ikinabubuhay nila
4. Isang bagay na isinasaalang-alang ang PA ng napapanatili at napapangalagaan
kaalinsabay ng pag-unalad ng kabuhayan ng mamamayan.
5. Makamit ang pangarap na hindi napagsasamantalahan ang MCWS na siyang
pinaggagalingan ng kinabubuhay at upang maabot ang pangarap
6. Nagkakaisa sa pangarap sa MCWS, isang pangarap na hindi makasarili
VISION:
“A PEOPLE LIVING IN A COMMUNITY WITH BASIC

FACILITIES AND OPPORTUNITIES WHILE SUSTAINING THE
INTEGRITY OF ITS NATURAL RESOURCES.”
(A vision conceptualized based on the longlist of aspirations

of the communities within Barangay Harrison)
Annex 4. Future Plans of Barangay Harrison

Annex 5
13°31'50" N
LAND CLASSIFICATION
Mt. Calavite Wildlife Sanctuary
Paluan, Occidental Mindoro
13°30'00" N
13°30'00" N
13°28'10" N
13°28'10" N
13°26'20" N
13°26'20" N
SCALE: 1:100000
LEGEND
13°24'40" N
MCWS PA Boundary
13°24'40" N
Alienable & Disposable Land
Timberland/Forestland
MCWS Buffer/Shoreline
Community Environment and
Natural Resources Office
DATA SOURCE:
13°22'50" N
13°22'50" N
Annex 6-1
Annex 6-2
Annex 6-3
Annex 6-4
Annex 6-5
Annex 6-6
Annex 6-7
Annex 6-8
Annex 7
Annex 8-1
Community Sketch Map of Barangay Harrison, Paluan, Occidental Mindoro
Annex 8-2
Community Map of Existing Land and Resource Uses
Barangay Harrison, Paluan, Occidental Mindoro
Annex 8-3
Cluster 1. So. Ulasan, Pula & Bulacan, Barangay Harrison
Annex 8-4
Cluster 2. So. Pamutusin & Hinugasan, Barangay Harrison
Annex 8-5
Cluster 3. So. Calangigan, Binuangan & Ignonok, Barangay Harrison
Annex 8-6
Cluster 4. So. Aglimasan, Agbakong & Itbo, Barangay Harrison
Annex 8-7
Cluster 5. So. Pinagbayanan & Agbalite, Barangay Harrison
Welcome to Ka-Lahi Homepage http://ka-lahi.tripod.com/paluan.html
Annex 9-1
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Mindoro
Paluan Occidental Mindoro
HISTORY
The poblacion of Paluan is known as LIPA, so called because of the abundance of “LIPA” along the
riverbanks. The village was made municipalities during the early part of the American regime. The
name was then changed to Paluan in the resolution of the Municipal Council of the town in
coincidence with the legend that Moro Pirated were all whipped “Palu” by the barangay chief. The
town of Paluan derived its name from the word “Palu”.The present Municipality of Paluan was also an
insignificant sition of the town of Calavite. It was only during the last quarter of the 16th century when
Calavite, a flourishing trade center along the China seas where wealthy Chinese Mandarines came to
trade was invade by Moro pirates. Many of the inhabitats were killed while they escaped to the nearby
island over from and to their settlement along the Pasig River known as Manila. Since the town of
Calavite was abandoned and depopulated by the native inhabitats. It was one Spanish Expedition to the
North then Calavite was divided. The missionaries establish the third convent here in the early part of
the 18th century. During the height of the Moro Piracy in the 19th century, it was again invaded and
repossesed by then it was left forever for fear of the pirates. By the third quarter of the 19th century,
the Spanish navy gained supremacy in the Philippine water. Believing in the strength of the navy some
prominent families from the town of Looc and Lubang headed by the Capt. Vicente Abeleda and Capt.
Pablo Tria began to settle in the sition in the Paluan. The promising economic security and peaceful
life of the first immigrants attracted either family from the neighboring islands to move south. The first
settlers established themselves at the present barrio of Lumangbayan, which they made the seat of their
government. Filipino Movement in Luzon influenced the late Capt. Mariano Abeleda, son of the
founder of this town and personal friend of Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo. The coincidence with the Cry of
Balintawak in 1896 this energetic and influenced liberate his people from Spanish oppression was
readily at his command. He ordered his men to take the priest as prisoner and burned all the record of
the church.. The revolutionary force increased the number as they move to the south. The parish priest
of Mamburao, Abra de Ilog, Sablayan, San Jose were taken to Paluan as prisoners. This revolutionary
movement started by Capitan Mariano assisted by his brother in law, Capitan Agustin Liboro found
fertile soil in all towns of big province, while the Philippines Republic was under general Emilio
Aguinaldo. When the early American Force come to the Local Government in Lumangbayan although
a village of Lipa, the present with a dence population. The administration of Paluan, Judge Adams,
during the American Military Rule, expanded the Agricultural Boundaries to practically where it is
today. In 1919 by virtue of the resolution of the Municipal Council of the Municipal Government was
transferred from the old town of Lumangbayan to Lipa where its today. On April 27, 1942, Capt. Ichi
of Japanese Imperial Forces arrived in Paluan with Gov. Felife S. Abeleda and confirmed the
appointment of local officials under the enemy occupation. Meanwhile, Guerilla was intensified in
Oriental Mindoro. Due to favorable geographical location, the U.S. Army Intelligence Bureau made
Paluan the springboard for naval communication, the operations to Australia where over all commnder
Gen. Douglas Mac Arthur stayed after the fall of Bataan. The party of Major Philips with the help of
the Guerilla and U.S. submarines within the vicinity destroyed enemy ships that entered and departed
from Manila Bay. Enemy spies detected the operation on Feb. 16, 1944. Enemy motor launches from
the province of the Batangas swammed Paluan Bay. Hardly had ringed around the town and
summoned all the people were asked to divulge Major Philip outpost and activities but not a lip
ventured to tell the truth. Right then that the crowd was deducted to the school for concentration,
which lasted for a month. The hunt for the American Officer terminated when he was caught and shot
to death in River in sitio Kabilugan about 10 kilometer North Abra de Ilog. This was still followed a
hunt for the guerilla unit that caused suffering on many people of Paluan. When the American
Liberation Forces landed in San Jose, Company 503rd paratrooper’s infantry was sent to Paluan and to
take the town from the hands of the enemies in the morning of Jan. 5, 1945 after a days combat. After
those years of hardship and uncertainly came rebirth of the socio economics and educational
advancement. Barely the year after the liberation, a group of civil spirited headed by Judge Jesus V.
Abeleda who was later elected Congressman for Occidental Mindoro and assisted by Mrs. Maura
Liboro, wife of the late Ex-Governor Cipriano Liboro organized as secondary school. That secondary
school has contributed some of the distinguished sons, which the province is now very proud of.
POLITICAL HISTORY
During the Spanish Regime the following person held positon as Capitan Municipal:
1. Agustin Liboro (1883 – 1885)
2. Mariano Abeleda (1885 – 1887)
3. Valintin Costa (1887 – 1889)
4. Jacinto Bernardo (1889 – 1891)
5. Leonardo Tria (1891 – 1893)
6. Mariano Ramos (1893 – 1895)
Republic of the Philippines 7. Jose Villar (1895 – 1897)
OCCIDENTAL MINDORO 8. Santiago Gonzales (1897 – 1899)
MUNICIPALITY OF 9. Macario Daseco (1899 – 1901)
PALUAN
Paluan had its presidents during the American Regime, the following:
Abelardo Pangilinan 1. Braulio Villaflores (1901 – 1903)
2. Mariano Tria (1903 – 1905)
Mayor 3. Jacinto Villar (1905 - 1907)
1 of 2 10/8/2014 4:47 PM
Welcome to Ka-Lahi Homepage http://ka-lahi.tripod.com/paluan.html
4. Lorenzo Abeleda (1907 - 1909) Annex 9-2

5. Mateo Tajonera (1909 - 1912)
6. Estanislao Pagilagan (1912 - 1915)
7. Luciano Fineza (1915 - 1918)
8. Fernando Cuisia (1918 – 1921)
9. Bernardino Velandria (1921 – 1924)
10. Francisco Tria (1924 – 1930)
11. Antonio Virola (1930 – 1933)
12. Mando San Agustin (1933 – 1936)
13. Vicente Sanchez (1936 – 1939)
Ed Barrientos
Vice-Mayor Including the Japanese occupation, the following were mayors:
1. Damaso Abeleda (1939 - 1950)
Sanguniang Bayan 2. Lope Trajeco (1950 - 1951)
3. Vedasto Pangilinan (1951 - 1955)
Velandria, Joe 4. Rosalio Tadalan (1955 - 1957)
5. Nestor Ableda (1957 - 1960)
6. Amado San Agustin (1960 – 1967)
Tinaliga, Tony 7. Pablo Quinones (1967 - 1986)
8. Rizal Pangilinan (1986 - 1988)
Torreliza, Ronaldo 9. Anacleto Terrenal (1988 – 1992)
10. Abelardo Pangilinan (1992 – 2001)
Crisostomo, Relly 11. Shirley Pangilinan (2001 – up to present)
Dueñas,JR
Diaz, Michael
Pedraza,Kikoy
Pls Click the Logo
[ Copyright © July, 2005 Ka-Lahi Tambayan.]

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Annex 10-1
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
NATIONAL BARANGAY OPERATIONS OFFICE
3/F, A. Francisco Gold Condominium II, EDSA cor. Mapagmahal Street, Diliman, Quezon City
Tel.: (02) 920-5476; 925-1137 to 1139; 925-0371; Fax: (02) 925-0328
DISASTER-PREPAREDNESS AUDIT TOOL

FOR BARANGAYS
BARANGAY: HARRISON
A. GENERAL INFORMATION
Region : IVB Province/HUC/ICC Occidental Mindoro

City/Municipality: PALUAN
Ne Name of Punong Barangay: BENITO C. CABABAY Contact No. 0915 333 8177
Barangay Category: IRA Share _____________
q Urban q Upland q Lowland ü Coastal
ü Rural ü Agricultural ü Fishing
Total Population (Latest Pop. & Source) ______
Total No. of HHs ________ Total No. of Families _______
EXPOSURE TO HAZARD
Please check all that apply:
ü Typhoon ü Tsunami q Others. Please specify.
ü Flood q Volcanic Eruption __________________
ü Landslide q Lahar
ü ü Earthquake
NUMBER OF POPULATION AT RISK:
NO. OF
HAZARDS POP. AT PREGNANT INFANT/ NO. OF NO. OF
RISK M F /ELDERLY CHILDR HHs FAMILIES
EN
Typhoon 2392 2117 1870 601 601
Flood
Landslide 450 235 225 20 78 90 90
Earthquake
Tsunami 600 300 250 30 120 120 120
Volcanic Eruption
Lahar
Others _____
B. DISASTER-PREPAREDNESS INDICATORS
Annex 10-2
INDICATORS Yes No REMARKS
I. ORGANIZATIONAL REQUISITES
1. Organization of Barangay DRRM Committee (BDRRMC) ü
1.1 Is there an organized Barangay Development Risk Reduction and
Management Committee (BDRRMC)? (Section 12, RA 10121)
IF the answer is NO, please state the reason why.

_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
1.2 Is the organization of BDRRMC supported with a Sangguniang ü
Barangay Ordinance? (Sec. 6, Rule 6, IRR of RA 10121)
1.3. Does the composition of BDRRMC include at least two (2) CSO ü
representatives from existing and active community-based
peoples organizations representing the most vulnerable and
marginalized groups in the barangay?(Section 12(d), RA 10121)
1.4 Does the BDRRMC conduct meeting to assess its preparedness ü
efforts?
2. Barangay DRRM Plan

2.1. Is there an existing BDRRM Plan (BDRRMP)? ü
2.2. Has the BDRRM Plan and budget been submitted to the local ü
sanggunian through the BDC? (Section 12c(7) of RA 10121)
2.3. Is the BDRRMP incorporated into the Barangay Development ü
Plan?
2.4. Is the BDRRMP included in the Annual Investment Program? ü
2.5. Is the BDRRMP conspicuously displayed? ü
3. Funding
3.1 Does the barangay allocate at least 5% of the estimated revenue ü
from regular sources as its Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Fund (BDRRMF)?
If yes, how much? 70,000.00
3. 2. Does the barangay allocate 30% of the BDRRM Fund as the ü No answer
Quick Response Fund (QRF) or stand-by fund for relief and
recovery program?
IF yes, how much?
3.3 Are there other sources of funds that could be tapped in times of ü
disaster?
Annex 10-3
3.4Is the BDRRMF utilized for disaster risk management activities ü
based on the BDRRM Plan?
3.5. Is the report on the utilization of the BDRRM Fund submitted to ü
COA, copy furnished the regional director of the OCD and the
Local Government Operations Officer of the DILG? (Section 12c
(24) of RA 10121)
II. RISK ASSESSMENT AND EARLY WARNING
1. Contingency Planning ü
1.1. Is there a local risk map in the barangay?
1.2 Is there an existing contingency plan to guide in preparedness ü
efforts?
Please specify.
Typ Typhoon ü Tsunami ü
Flood ü Landslide ü
Earthquake q Volcanic Eruption q
1.3. Is the community involved in the formulation of the Contingency No answer
Plan for:
Typhoon q Tsunami q
Flood q Landslide q
Earthquake q Volcanic Eruption
1.4. Is the Contingency Plan discussed during barangay assemblies? ü
1.5 Were there drills conducted to test the Contingency Plan? ü
If yes, what drill has been conducted? Please specify:
Typhoon ü Tsunami ü
Flood ü Landslide q
Earthquake q Volcanic Eruption q
1.6 Are disaster-related signage, markers and directional signs ü
displayed in strategic locations?
2. Early Warning System (EWS)
2.1 Is there an established community-based early warning system ü
for the identified hazard?
If yes, please specify.
ü Typhoon q Flood ü Tsunami
q Volcanic Eruption
q Earthquake q Others. Please specify
IF NO, please state the reason why.

______________________
2.2 Is the EWS linked to the higher LGUs/DRRMCs? ü
2.3. Is the community aware of the system and how it operates? ü
III. PUBLIC INFORMATION AND EDUCATION INITIATIVES

1. Are there related disaster information in the barangay in the form of ü
posters, flyers, newsletters, pamphlets, geo-hazard maps and the
like for the following?
q Typhoon q Tsunami :
q Flood q Volcanic Eruption
Annex 10-4
q Landslide q Lahar
q Earthquake q Others. Please specify.
2. Are basic information about floods, landslides, earthquakes, ü
tsunamis and other types of natural calamity disseminated to
enhance people’s awareness on disaster preparedness?
3. Has the local CSOs conducted fora or orientations on disaster ü
preparedness?
4. Has the barangay conducted fora or orientations with barangay ü
residents on matters to include the role of barangay in the PDRRM
Act?
IV. PREPAREDNESS FOR EFFECTIVE RESPONSE AND EARLY
RECOVERY
1. Barangay Operations Center ü
1.1 Is there a Barangay Operation Center?
1.2. Is this activated and manned in times of disaster? No answer
1.3. Is there a Hotline available to receive emergency calls? ü
1.4 Is a database maintained for the following? No answer
q Human resources
q Equipment
q Directories
q Location of critical infrastructure and their capacities
2. Evacuation Center ü
2. 1. Is there a designated evacuation center?
2.2. Please specify. ü
ü Barangay Hall ü Schools
q Multi-purpose Halls ü Church/chapel
q Gymnasium ü Others
Health Center
2.3. Can those evacuation centers accommodate the evacuees? ü
2.4. Is the barangay capable of making the following basic necessities
and facilities available at the evacuation center?
2.4.1 Potable drinking water ü
2.4.2 Food supply ü
2.4.3 Medicine Kits ü
2.4.4 Sleeping mats
2.4.5 Blankets
2.4.6 Pillows
2.4.7 Power Supply ü
2.4.8 Sanitary Toilets
2.4.9 Waste disposal facility
2.4.10 Mobile communication system
2.4.11 Recreation stuff for kids ü
2.4.12 Temporary Learning Spaces (TLS)
2.4.13 Kitchen/Cooking Area ü
2.4.14 Breastfeeding Area ü
2.5 Does the barangay have a bodega to accommodate the basic ü
materials, supplies and equipment needed for disaster?
Annex 10-5
2.6 Are there volunteers that could be tapped to assist in the ü
evacuation center?
2.7 Is a system in place for the security of evacuees? ü
3. Mobilization of Barangay Emergency Response Teams (BERTs) ü
3.1 Is there an organized BERT?
3.2 Have the BERTs undergone trainings for disaster preparedness No answer
and management?
3.3 Please specify the trainings attended by the BERTS.
_____
________________________________________________
3.4 Are there accredited community disaster volunteers (ACDVs)? ü
3.5 Are there other institutions (higher LDRRMOs, NGOs, CSOs, POs No answer
and private sectors) helping the barangay in times of calamity?
Please specify, if any, and the type of assistance provided.
3.5 Are there any collaborative undertakings with nearby barangay? No answer
3.6. Is there a transportation facility available for use by the search and ü
rescue teams or ACDVs?
3.7. Are there emergency equipment available at the barangay? ü
Please identify.
Motor Boat
Prepared by:
DOLORES PAEDONIO
Barangay Secretary
Noted by:
BENITO C. CABABAY
Punong Barangay
Date Accomplished: JUNE 10, 2012
OVER-ALL PERFORMANCE AVERAGE: 73.02

Annex 11-1
Annex 11-2
Annex 12-0
SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE 2014
MUNICIPALITY OF PALUAN
Province of Occidental Mindoro
Annex 12-1
Chapter 1
History of Paluan
I – DURING THE SPANISH REGIME
The old village of Paluan mentioned in history was Calavite. The

said village could be found near the sea at the north-westernmost part
of Occidental Mindoro. Its original name was kalawit, from the shape
of the mountain behind the settlement of the people.
In 1580, the island of Mindoro was a part of the Corregimiento of

Bonbon or Batangas. The missionaries belonging to the Franciscan
Order were the ones taking care of the spiritual welfare of the people
living inside the corregimiento. They created the Parish of Calavite and
constructed a big church at the center of the parish. The names of Fr.
Juan de Porras and Fr. Esteban Ortiz were mentioned as two
Franciscan friars who were assigned here. Among the duties of the
priests assigned on Calavite was to visit the people in other parts of
West Mindoro.
Aside from being the center of the Catholic faith, Calavite was
mentioned in history due to shipwrecks which oftentimes occurred in its
rough seas. Elders of the Iraya tribe still remember a Chinese ship which
sank at the sea near Calavite. The place where the waves brought the
remnants of the ship is now called Sitio Purao.
In 1613, six Spanish ships which were going to Terrenate,

Moluccas, loaded with rice, money and other supplies, sank near
Calavite. According to Fr. Francisco Collin, a Jesuit historian, the
passengers of the ship were saved with the assistance of St. Ignatius,
but according to Fr. Diego Aduarte, OP it was due to the help of the
Blessed Virgin.
In 1666, then Jesuit missionary but now St. Diego Luis de

Sanvictores, together with lay brother Donado Marcos dela Cruz, went
to Calavite during the last leg of their mission in Mindoro. They found
no priest in the parish, thus, they preached and baptized the people
whom they met. In the sitio of Paluan or Paloang, as it was written, they
were able to baptize forty adults.
The visit of Fr. Diego and his companion which was supposed to
last only for a few days lasted for weeks. It was due to the strong
easterly winds which made it dangerous for them to travel by sea.
Nevertheless, they were able to convince many zimarrones or
1|P a ge
Annex 12-2
Christians who were hiding in the mountains to live normally in the

lowlands.
It could be mentioned here that according to Dutch historian

Antoon Postma, the people called the sitio of Paluan as Paloang
because the farther the boat of a fisherman sails to the sea, the wider
the bay where he came from becomes. In the Tagalog dialect,
becoming wider is paluwang.
On the other hand, the old folks of Paluan believe the story that
the name of their village came from its being the place where the
pirates who were captured by their ancestors were severely whipped
as punishment for the crimes they committed against the people.
Whipping place in the Tagalog dialect is paluan.
When the island of Mindoro was placed under the spiritual care
of the Order of Augustinian Recollects, Fr. Diego dela Resureccion was
appointed as the parish priest of Calavite. Aside from visiting the far
flung places under the parish, like Ililin, Dongon, Tubili, Sto. Tomas,
Talasungan and Camurong, Fr. Diego founded also a community at
the foot of the nearby mountain of Minuangan. Seventy three (73)
houses were built at the said community and one hundred nineteen
(119) persons, including the indigenous people were converted to the
Catholic faith by the good missionary.
Work was very difficult for the Spanish missionaries during that
time. In order to reach a village, they walked for hours or days, rode on
horseback or sailboat. Their lives were always in danger due to the
attacks of Moro pirates. Many of them got sick of malaria and died.
Four of those who got sick & died were the missionaries assigned in
Calavite. They were Fr. Agustin dela Concepcion, Fr. Ignacio de San
Bernardo, Fr. Bernardo dela Santisima Trinidad and Fr. Francisco de San
Miguel.
One of the priests assigned in Calavite, Fr. Jose de San Agustin,

served as chaplain of the Spanish soldiers who manned the steamship
patrolling the sea between Palawan and Mindoro with the objective of
preventing the attack of Moro pirates to the villages under the
jurisdiction of the two islands.
Between 1730 up to 1734, great damage was brought by the

attacks of the pirates to Mindoro. They burned the convent of
Calavite. In addition, in two separate occasions, all the personal
belongings of the priests were lost when the pirates attacked and
carried all the things which might be of value to them.
2|P a ge
Annex 12-3
Despite the dangers brought by the pirates and the difficult living
condition of the people during that time, the Parish of Calavite grew.
In 1749, based on the census conducted by the Spanish government,
the total population of Sto. Tomas, Mamburao, Sta. Cruz, Dongon, Ililin,
Mangarin and Iling, the villages which comprised the Parish of Calavite,
during that time, reached two thousand one hundred ninety (2,190). It
appeared that during the said year, Calavite, the ecclesiastical
territory which was under the spiritual care of Fr. Francisco de San
Miguel, was the biggest parish in the whole island of Mindoro. It was
only disheartening to note that after ten years, less than one third of
the said number of people was left in Calavite.
In November 1742, the pirates attacked Calavite. Together with

his acolyte and the people, Fr. Francisco escaped to the mountains.
Nearing the mountain, the missionary thought that the distance
between them and the pursuing pirates was so great. He took a rest to
eat and pray. The acolyte who accompanied him hid in the nearby
bushes.
While praying, Fr. Francisco did not hear the pirate who
approached him from behind. The pirate speared him. He died
instantly.
The acolyte saw what happened to the missionary whom he

faithfully served. He even heard what the pirate said:
“A Spaniard killed my father. Now, I am killing a Spaniard.”
The mortal remains of Fr. Francisco were left in that place by his
companions who hid in the mountains. Many days have passed
before it was found by the Filipinos who gave it a decent burial.
In 1753, Fr. Agustin de Sto, Tomas de Villanueva was assigned in

Calavite. The life of the said missionary was always put at risk every
time he visited the different villages. In August 1754, he was almost
captured by the pirates at Dongon. His escape was considered as a
miracle.
The destructive attack of the pirates in Calavite was the reason

why the inhabitants of this village transferred to other places. The
authorities of the Order of Augustinian Recollects also decided to stop
the assigning of priests in this parish, after the period of service of Fr.
Damian dela Madre de Dios as parish priest, in 1767.
The former residents of Calavite transferred to Calapan and

Subaan, the town of San Teodoro at present. However, they continued
3|P a ge
Annex 12-4
visiting the ricefields which they left behind, during planting and harvest
season, despite the danger of being captured by the pirates.
The abandoned village of Calavite was transferred to the

spiritual care of the parish priest of Calapan. Sometimes, this place
was visited by the missionaries. In 1778, Fr. Jose dela Virgen del Olmo
was captured by the pirates at the sea near Calavite. Luckily, the
superior of the Order of Augustinian Recollects was quick in giving the
ransom money for the missionary that after a few months he was
released and allowed to return to Calapan.
When the Dutch soldiers tried to occupy Manila in 1780, the

battle between the Spanish and Dutch warships reached the sea of
Calavite.
In 1783, a group of indigenous people who was transferred to a

place near Calapan sent a petition to Corregidor Gregorio Ladero, the
administrator of Mindoro during that time. They attached to their
report the map of the once prosperous pueblo.
The Irayas were requesting that they be allowed to return to Calavite

for they found life difficult at Subaan, the town of San Teodoro at
present. According to the indigenous people, within the twenty year
period that they lived in another place, they were still going to Calavite
to get honey and beeswax which they used for paying government
taxes. In their travels to Calavite, their lives were in constant danger. A
few translated excerpts of the second petition go as follows:
“During these twenty years, the hardship we are suffering when it starts
to be month of April, is our going to Calawit, looking for the means to
pay our taxes to the Lord King (May the Lord God Protect Him)
and the subsistence of our families and other needs …
“And when we are going there (or coming back), many are captured
by the Moros, together with the beeswax and honey we collected,
and other important things we bring back to our homes. All of these
are being stolen by the Moros as well. Those captured have been
almost thirty people from Calawit.
“It is because of this deplorable situation we are in,that we are

begging and beseeching our Leader and Lord Don Gregorio Ladero,
Judge and Army Captain of this Island of Mindoro, taking care of all
those within his jurisdiction like our real father, who is saddened, and is
pitying us in our plight as long as we are staying here in Subaan, that
we may be free to return to our former homes.”
4|P a ge
Annex 12-5
Although Corregidor Ladero indorsed the petition to the office of

the Governor General in Manila, the said leader did not allow the
Irayas to return to their old settlement because the Spanish
government would find it difficult to defend them against the pirates
who continued to plunder Calavite.
The last official report about Calavite was made last 1791 by
Governor Ladero. The petition made by the indigenous people was
mentioned there.
Calavite was not indicated anymore in the map drawn by the

Spaniards in 1800. What would be seen by the travelers, who
happened to pass through this place during that time, were the ruins of
the big church.
With the disappearance of Calavite, Paluan which was one of its

sitios, was the community where people from other places settled.
Among the people who migrated to this place from the Island of
Lubang, particularly from Barrio Talaotao were the families of Capitan
Vicente Abeleda and Capitan Pablo Tria. The two leaders were the
acknowledged founders of Paluan.
Aside from farming, taking care of domesticated animals and

logging were the occupation of the people of Lubang who transferred
to Paluan. The carpenters of this place became famous as builders of
quality sea vessels. Sitio Ipol of Paluan was known during that time as
the place where sturdy and beautiful big sailboats were built. The
construction of this kind of sea vessels stopped only in 1980.
In an old Spanish document, it was mentioned that Sitio

Pamutusin was founded in 1829. It was also mentioned in another
document of 1843 that Paluan was one of the four mission stations
erected by the government.
In 1844, the authorities of the Catholic Church again sent a

missionary priest in Paluan, in the person of Fr. Miguel Caro del
Salvador. He was a secular priest. He took care of the spiritual welfare
of the people of Paluan for two years.
In the census conducted by the Spanish government in 1850, it

was learned that there were fifty four (54) houses in Paluan and its
population reached three hundred twenty five (325). It was mentioned
in the report of the priest assigned there that in this barrio, then a part
of the municipality of Lubang, a prison, convent, church and a
cemetery near the house of worship could be found.
5|P a ge
Annex 12-6
In the autobiography of Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo, he mentioned

that as a young man, he bought a big sailboat. He bartered goods
with the people of Lubang, Paluan, Sablayan and Mangarin. Fr. Julian
Llorente, the parish priest of Paluan became his friend. According to
records of the Catholic Church, Fr. Llorente was assigned in Paluan
from 1887 to 1894.
It was also mentioned in the autobiography of Gen. Emilio

Aguinaldo that he and his brother Crispulo have his big sailboat, called
San Bartolome, repaired in Paluan. They made it bigger so that it could
carry more weight than its former capacity of ten tons.
The general also mentioned that he was encouraged to put up

a pastureland in Paluan where he raised sixteen pregnant cows. The
number of cattle in his pastureland, increased but the animals
disappeared during the revolution.
Gen. Aguinaldo stopped bartering goods with the people in the

Island of Mindoro when Patricio Solis, his relative and one of the sailors
of his big sailboat accidentally fell to the sea between Golo Island and
Calavite Point. A few translated excerpts of the narration of the
general go as follows:
“A sudden gust of wind made the sails swing and it struck the rope
held by Patricio Solis. He lost his balance and fell to the sea. He
shouted ‘Wait’ and when he surfaced in the water I threw him a piece
of bamboo where he could hold on. Although the waves were big
and our sailboat almost capsized, we turned around to rescue him
but what bad luck! We did not see him anymore. Due to our great
sorrow on what happened, we stayed for three days at Calavite Point
but we’re not able to see his remains. May he rest in peace!
“Afterwards, we proceeded to Paluan to inform the authorities what

occurred and to request for the necessary document as proof on
what happened to our luckless companion and relative Patricio
Solis. We proceeded to Sablayan and Mangarin to look for a kind of
rattan, dye and some heads of cattle which we could bring back to
Cavite.
This was our last voyage to Mindoro. It lasted only for less than three
months and we immediately returned to our hometown . . . ”
In his years of bartering goods with the people of Mindoro, Gen.

Aguinaldo befriended Capitan Mariano Abeleda and Capitan Agustin
Liboro who both served as capitan municipal of Paluan. Capitan
Mariano Abeleda was the son of Capitan Vicente Abeleda, one of the
founders of Paluan.
6|P a ge
Annex 12-7
It was mentioned in a document of the Spaniard that Paluan

reached what would be considered as the apex of its prosperity in
1886. It was due to the great volume of trees cut & turned into logs in
this pueblo and transported to other provinces and countries.
The result of the census conducted in 1887 showed that the

population of Paluan was one thousand four hundred fifty four (1454).
Its highest population recorded during the Spanish regime was two
thousand eight (2008) in 1894.
When the Katipunan was founded, Capitan Mariano Abeleda

and Capitan Agustin Liboro joined the secret society. When the
Filipinos revolted against Spain in 1896, the two leaders formed the
group of revolutionaries in Occidental Mindoro. They captured Fr. Bruni
Capanagan, the parish priest of Paluan during that time. Capitan
Abeleda burned the records of the Catholic Church. They marched
towards the south and with the assistance of other members of the
revolutionary movement on other pueblos, they captured the Spanish
missionaries in Mamburao, Abra de Ilog, Sablayan, Magarang and
Mangarin. The two leaders imprisoned the priests in Paluan, let them
work under the intense heat of the sun and afterwards transferred them
to Taysan, Batangas.
In June 1898, the revolutionaries of Oriental Mindoro attacked

the seat of the Spanish government at Calapan. After a month of
fighting or in July 1898, the Spanish soldiers under the command of
Governor Rafael Morales surrendered to the Filipino revolutionaries at
the plaza of Calapan. General Emilio Aguinaldo declared Mindoro as
a free province and appointed Capitan Agustin Liboro as the governor
of the island.
The independence gained by the people of Mindoro lasted for three

years only. During the last part of 1901, the American soldiers attacked
the different towns of Mindoro. The Filipino revolutionaries resisted the
attack but they were defeated by the enemies. Mindoro was
occupied by the American soldiers.
Aside from Capitanes Abeleda and Liboro who served as leaders of

Paluan from 1883-1885 and 1885-1887, respectively, those who were
appointed as capitan municipal of this municipality and their
respective terms of office were Valentin Costa (1887-1889), Jacinto
Bernardo (1889-1891), Leonardo Tria (1891-1893), Mariano Ramos (1893-
1895), Jose Villar (1895-1897), Santiago Gonzales (1897-1899), and
Macario Daseco (1899-1901).
7|P a ge
Annex 12-8
II – DURING THE AMERICAN REGIME
The municipal officials of Paluan stated that this town was

created on January 5, 1901 by virtue of a resolution passed by the
members of the Municipal Council of Mamburao. When the
Americans occupied Mindoro, they appointed the chief executives of
the town. Even during the period that Paluan was reverted to its old
status as a barrio of Mamburao, the inhabitants continued to call the
appointed leaders of their place as municipal presidents. Those who
were appointed as municipal presidents of Paluan and their respective
terms of office are the following: Braulio Villaflores (1901-1903), Mariano
Tria (1903-1905), Jacinto Villar (1905-1907), Lorenzo Abeleda (1907-
1909), Mateo Tajonera (1909-1912), Estanislao Pag-ilagan (1912-1915),
Luciano Fineza (1915-1918), Fernando Cuisia (1918-1921), Bernardino
Velandria (1921-1924), Francisco Tria (1924-1930), Antonio Virola (1930-
1933), Amando San Agustin (1933-1936) and Vicente Sanchez (1936-
1939).
On January 4, 1905 by virtue of Act 1280 of the Philippine

Commission, Paluan was reverted to its former status as a barrio and
placed under the jurisdiction of Mamburao. However, in May 10, 1910,
by virtue of Executive Order No. 31 of Governor General Cameron
Forbes, Paluan was again created as a municipality. Mindoro
Administrator John Adams widened the land area under the jurisdiction
of this town.
In 1914, the historic visit of American Governor General Francis

Burton Harrison at the town of Paluan took place. The said leader
hunted for tamaraw at Mt. Calavite. He was met at the seashore of
Sitio Pula by the people of Paluan under the leadership of Municipal
President Estanislao Pag-ilagan. Due to that historic visit of the
governor general, the inhabitants of Sitio Pula agreed to rename their
settlement as Harrison once it was elevated to the status of a barrio.
In 1919, by virtue of the resolution approved by the municipal

council, the seat of the local government was transferred to Lipa, a
sitio which was named after a medicinal plant. Years later, the people
got used to calling the place Paluan. The former center of the town
was renamed Lumangbayan.
One of the distinguished sons of Paluan was Hon. Cipriano Liboro.

The said leader, like his father, Capitan Agustin Liboro also became the
governor of the whole island of Mindoro. He served from 1919 to 1925.
During his first term of office, he was elected as the president of the
League of Governors of the Philippines. He was also elected as one of
the delegates to the Constitutional Convention in 1934.
8|P a ge
Annex 12-9
Fr. Julian Dival mentioned in his report to Msgr. Alfredo Verzosa of

the Archdiocese of Lipa, Batangas that he visited Paluan in January
1925, and he was able to baptize sixty nine (69) adults. Five years
thereafter, or in 1930, Fr. Bernardo Roos, the SVD missionary who was
assigned in Looc, visited Lumangbayan and Lipa, the old name of the
center of the municipality of Paluan. He found in Lumangbayan a
wooden chapel which was built by the people and in Lipa he received
the document of the lot donated by a charitable Catholic faithful for
the chapel. Fr. Roos also mentioned in his report that the population of
Paluan was three thousand five hundred (3,500).
Since many ships sank at the sea near Calavite, a lighthouse was
built by American authorities in Sitio Calangigan, Harrison, Paluan in
1933.
III - DURING THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION OF MINDORO
In March 1942, after the outbreak of World War II, the Japanese
soldiers landed in Paluan. It was mentioned in a historical document
written by teachers that during that year, a ship owned by Dela Rama
Shipping Lines, named Don Esteban, was mistakenly identified by the
Japanese as an American warship. They riddled it with bullets and
dropped bombs on it until it sank at the sea of Paluan.
The Japanese soldiers occupied Paluan. On April 27, 1942

Captain Ishii and Mindoro Governor Felipe Abeleda arrived in Paluan
and confirmed the appointments of the municipal officials.
Paluan was one of the places where the group of guerrillas

under Major Esteban Beloncio recruited members. The said leader
arrived in this town on July 19, 1942 and encouraged the male family
members to continue the fight for freedom. Captain Alfonso Umali, the
military officer given by Major Beloncio the responsibility as leader of
the group of guerrillas in West Mindoro, also made frequent visits to this
town. The said captain married Alberta Villar, the daughter of one of
the leaders of this place.
Since Mt. Calavite was located at a strategic place in Paluan, it

was here where the communication experts led by Major Lawrence
Phillips installed their communication equipment on October 23, 1943.
Through the information sent by the experts from Mt. Calavite, together
with the messages relayed by the guerrillas of Lubang by means of
their radio transmitter in the island of Ambil, the American military
leaders were able to monitor the movements of Japanese warships in
9|P a ge
Annex 12-10
Manila Bay, including the vessels passing by the sea between Batangas
and Mindoro, known as Apo West Pass and Verde Island Passage. The
role played by the communication system at Calavite during the war
was very vital for through the information it sent to the headquarters of
the American navy, many warships of the enemies were destroyed by
American submarines.
Unfortunately, with the help of their spies, the Japanese soldiers

were able to find out the location of the radio transmitter of the
Americans. On February 16, 1944, a motorboat full of Japanese soldiers
from Batangas landed at the shores of Paluan and herded the people
of this municipality at the school building of the town’s center. They
searched for Major Phillips and in March 1944, they were able to kill the
said military officer, including some of his soldiers, while taking a bath at
Kabilugan River, Abra de Ilog.
On December 15, 1944 the liberating force of the U.S. led Allied
Forces under the command of Brig. Gen. William Dunckel landed at
the shores of the municipality of San Jose. Company B of the 503 rd
Paratroopers Infantry was sent to Paluan to liberate this town from
Japanese occupation. On January 5, 1945 after a day of fighting, the
combined forces of the American soldiers and Filipino guerrillas
defeated the Japanese Imperial Army stationed in this municipality.
Other soldiers of the enemies who escaped were encountered by the
guerrillas led by Lt. Pedro Nitura at Sitio Mananao.
The American soldiers made Lumangbayan as their

headquarters while they were pursuing the Japanese soldiers. They
constructed a wooden bridge over Paluan River. The structure
connected Lumangbayan and Lipa which are the old and new center
of the municipality of Paluan, respectively.
IV – AFTER WORLD WAR II
In 1946, a group of educators led by Judge Jesus Abeleda and

Mrs. Maura Liboro founded Paluan Academy, a secondary school for
the youth of this municipality. Judge Abeleda served as director of the
school for a number of years.
On November 15, 1950 when Mindoro was formally divided into

two provinces, Mayor Damaso Abeleda of Paluan was appointed by
then President Elpidio Quirino as the first governor of Occidental
10 | P a g e
Annex 12-11
Mindoro. He was succeeded by Judge Mateo Virola of Lubang who

served as governor on August 15, 1951.
During the election held on September 13, 1951 Judge Jesus

Abeleda, the founder of Paluan Academy and one of the sons of
Capitan Mariano Abeleda was elected as the first congressman of
Occidental Mindoro. He served as the representative of the province
to the Philippine Congress from that year up to 1953.
In 1956, another son of Paluan, Hon. Mariano Tajonera was

elected as governor of Occidental Mindoro. He stated in his
autobiography that during his administration, the construction of roads
in the different barrios of the province started.
A municipal hall was constructed for the local government of

Paluan when Hon. Nestor Abeleda was the mayor of the municipality.
It was converted into a building of the public market by Mayor
Amando San Agustin, who was elected in 1960. The said mayor
constructed a new municipal building, near the church of the Catholic
faithful. He also constructed a school building at the southern portion
of the town’s center and transferred there the classrooms of Paluan
Academy. The old building of the secondary school was converted
into a convent of the priest.
In the 1959 Elections, Governor Mariano Tajonera was defeated

by Atty. Arsenio Villaroza, his town mate. The said leader of the
province served as governor of Occidental Mindoro for more than
twenty (20) years.
Although those who were elected as congressmen and

governors of Occidental Mindoro were from Paluan, they did not
concentrate the implementation of the infrastructure projects in this
municipality. The construction of concrete roads and bridges in this
town was done gradually.
Aside from farming, fishing and logging, the people of Paluan

have no other sources of income. The total area of agricultural land in
this town was limited and time came when the sturdy species of trees in
the mountains were all felled. As a result, many families of Paluan
transferred to other towns of Occidental Mindoro, like Sta. Cruz and
San Jose where they saw greater opportunities for improvement.
The People of Paluan and the government joined hands to

improve the living condition of the people belonging to the Iraya tribe.
It was mentioned in the history written by German researcher Volker
Schult, that during the time when the late Hon. Cipriano Liboro was still
the governor of Mindoro, he convinced the American authorities to
11 | P a g e
Annex 12-12
rent for ten pesos a month, a house & lot at Anduyanan, a sitio located
east of Paluan. The house was used as a school for the children of the
indigenous people. A lowlander was appointed as teacher of the
Irayas. Aside from the lessons taught to pupils in the lowland, the
children of the Irayas were taught physical and environmental
cleanliness.
The rein of the municipal government was entrusted by the

people of Paluan to Mayor Pablo Quiñones in 1967. Among the
projects he implemented during his twenty eight (28) years reign as
municipal mayor of this town were the construction of the municipal
hall, improvement of Calawagan Resort and the road going to that
tourist spot, electrification of the town’s center, establishment of a
water system in Poblacion, converting Paluan Academy into Paluan
Municipal High School in 1973, and building concrete roads with the
help of Assemblyman Pedro Mendiola, Sr.
In 1979, during martial law period, the National Irrigation

Administration improved the communal irrigation system of the farmers
at Brgy. Alipaoy, Tubili and Sitio Pamutusin. At present, farmers of the
aforementioned places could plant palay in their farm during rainy
season.
After the peaceful EDSA revolution in 1986, Hon. Abelardo

Pangilinan was appointed as OIC Mayor of Paluan. Within the eleven
month period that he served this municipality, one of the projects he
implemented was the construction of a swimming pool at Calawagan
Resort.
In 1988, the rein of the municipal government was entrusted by

the people of Paluan to Mayor Anacleto Terrenal. The said mayor
constructed the second building for the public market and the
hanging bridge at Calawagan Resort. He also improved the natural
bathing place of the resort.
After the term of office of Mayor Terrenal, former OIC Mayor

Abelardo Pangilinan was again elected as the town’s chief executive.
He improved the new municipal building and built additional structures
in it. He also constructed the seawall from Barangay 1 up to Barangay
6, Poblacion.
In 1993, Paluan Municipal High School became Paluan National

High School. The government constructed new buildings for the
students of this educational institution.
The provincial officials helped the municipal mayor in the

implementation of the infrastructure projects. With the assistance of
12 | P a g e
Annex 12-13
former Congressman Jose Villarosa, barangay halls were constructed

at the different barangays, including the elementary school buildings
for the indigenous people. Governor Josephine Ramirez-Sato built
concrete bridges and enhanced portions of the main road from
Paluan to the municipality of Mamburao.
On May 1, 1998 Mayor Pangilinan was reelected as the chief

executive of Paluan. On January 5, 2001 he spearheaded the
celebration of the 100th Founding Anniversary of this municipality.
Among the numerous accomplishments he reported to the people
during the celebration was the award given to Calawagan River as the
Cleanest Inland Body of Water in the Philippines for three consecutive
years or from 1996 to 1998. In addition, Calawagan River was
enshrined in the country’s Clean and Green National Hall of Fame.
After holding office for nine consecutive years, Hon. Pangilinan

stepped down from his post and supported his wife Shirley, who ran
and won as mayor of Paluan during the May 2001 Elections. Mayor
Shirley Pangilinan continued implementing the projects of her husband
in this municipality.
On the May 10, 2004 Elections, Hon. Abelardo Pangilinan was again
elected as the municipal mayor of Paluan. When he took his oath of
office, he revealed his dream of making Paluan a favorite destination
of both local and foreign tourists, a dream which he said, he hopes to
realize during his administration.
Aside from the aforementioned leaders, those who served as

municipal mayors of Paluan, with their respective terms of offices are
the following: Lope Trajeco (1950-1951), Vedasto Pangilinan (1951-
1955) and Rosalio Tadalan (1955-1957).
13 | P a g e
Annex 12-14
Chapter 2
Physical and Natural Characteristics
Paluan is located in the northern tip of the Province of Occidental

Mindoro; lying along the northeast shore of Paluan Bay which is between
Pantocomi Point and Camias Point approximately seven (7) miles
Southeast of Cape Calavite. The town is straddled by rolling to steep
mountain ranges under the majestic shadow of Mt. Calavite and is
accessible by land and water transportation.
A. Location, Land Area and Political Subdivision
Paluan is located 175 kilometers (km.) southwest of Metropolitan

Manila, in the northern tip of the Province of Occidental Mindoro. It is
consists of twelve (12) barangays occupying a land area of 56,540.00
hectares (has.) It is contained in the quadrangle bounded by 13.45
North latitude and 120.13* Mindoro Strait and in the East by the
Municipality of Abra de Ilog and Mamburao. It is 31 kilometers (kms.)
away from Mamburao, the province’s capital.
14 | P a g e
Annex 12-15
Table________
Land area by Barangay
Land Area
Barangay % Distribution
(ha)
Barangay I - Mapalad 19.5986 .035
Barangay II - Handang Tumulong 2.1583 .004
Barangay III – Silahis ng Pag-asa 1.8558 .003
Barangay IV-Pag-asa ng Bayan 2.2324 .004
Barangay V-Bagong Silang 2.4112 .004
Barangay VI-San Jose 3.4837 .006
Total Urban Area 31.74 .056
Barangay VII-Lumangbayan 3,290.6100 5.820

Barangay VIII- Marikit 6,824.0800 12.070
Barangay IX-Tubili 12,093.5600 21.390
Barangay X-Alipaoy 8,768.0100 15.500
Barangay XI-Harrison 20,597.5600 36.430
Barangay XII-Mananao 4,934.4400 8.730
Total Rural Area 56,508.28 99.940
Total Land Area 56,540.0000 100.00
Source________
B. Land Cover and Classification
Table____
Land Cover
Land Cover Area (ha.) % Share
Inland Water 77.118 0.13639547
Mangrove Forest 3.829 0.00677220
Open Forest, Broadleved 2,618.15 4.630619031
*Other Land Cultivated, Annual Crop 1554.38 2.74916873
*Other Land Cultivated, Perennial Crop 27.052 0.047845773
Other Land Natural, Natural Grassland 13,584.56 24.02645914
Other Wooded , Grass 897.57 1.587495578
Other Wooded Land, Shrubs 35295.7 62.42607004
Others 2481.64 4.389175805
Total 56540
Source:________
Table_____
Land Classification
Classification Area %
Alienable / Disposable 9,351.716 16.54
Forest Reserve / Public Domain 47,188.284 83.46
56,540.000 100.00
15 | P a g e
Annex 12-16
C. Accessibility
Paluan is accessible via two common entry points. One is by land

travel of thirty one kilometers (31 kms.) from Mamburao. Second is by
sea travel from the neighboring towns such Mamburao, Abra de Ilog
and other nearby towns. The use of helicopter is also possible because
Paluan has a vast open area located in the eastern part of the town.
D. Geo Hazard
a. Flood
Barangays I- Mapalad, II-Handang Tumulong, III-Silahis ng Pag-

asa, IV-Pag-asa ng Bayan, V-Bagong Silang and VI-San Jose are low-
lying areas within the municipal proper of Paluan. These areas are
usually flooded during extreme rainfall events due to overflowing of the
downstream portion of Calawagan River and also due to direct
precipitation. Storm surges normally cause flooding along coastline of
these barangays.
Areas rated having high susceptibility are located in Barangays

Tubili, Alipaoy, Harrison, and Lumangbayan. Flood prone areas are
adjacent to active rivers in the municipality.
Table____
Flood Susceptibility
Rating Area % Land Area

Low flood susceptibility 510.510476 0.90%
Moderate flood 1,349.695129 2.39%
susceptibility
High flood 1,470.56195 2.60%
susceptibility
Table___
Flood Susceptibility Rating
High flood Areas likely to experience flood heights of greater

susceptibility than 1.0 meter and/or flood duration of more than
three days. These areas are immediately flooded
during heavy rains of several hours; include
landforms of topographic lows such as active river
channels, abandoned river channels and areas
along river banks that are prone to flashfloods.
16 | P a g e
Annex 12-17
Moderate flood Areas likely to experience flood heights of 0.5 to 1.0

susceptibility meters and/or flood duration of 1-3 days. These
areas are subject to widespread inundation during
prolonged and extensive heavy rainfall or extreme
weather condition. Fluvial terraces, alluvial fans, and
infilled valleys are areas moderately subjected to
flooding.
Low flood Areas likely to experience flood heights of less than
susceptibility 0.5 meter and/or flood duration of less than 1 day.
These areas include low hills and gentle slopes. They
also have sparse to moderate drainage density.
b. Landslide
Table___
Landslide Susceptibility Location and Rating
Location Landslide Remarks

Susceptibility
Bagong High Erosional process due to surface runoff
Sikat, Tubili from a creek is active in this area of the
barangay affecting the provincial road;
however, erosion has been mitigated by
drainage canal recently constructed
along the road. Identified as prone to small
or medium-size landslide is the moderate
to steep slope that bounds the western
side of a small community in Bagong Sikat.
Minor earth flow materials coming from the
creek were observed along the provincial
road in the area.
Igsuso, High Landslide prone areas were identified
Tubili along the provincial road cuts. Landslides
Bulalacao, High in the form of debris fall and rock fall were
Tubili observed along the provincial road.
Calansan, High Landslide prone areas were delineated
Alipaoy along the moderate to steep slopes along
Agbalite, High the shoreline.
Alipaoy
Hinugasan, High
Unstable slopes were identified along the
Harrison newly constructed road
Proper, High Minor landslides were observed along the
Harrison provincial road within the barangay
proper. The road cut is composed of highly
weathered and fractured rock
Source: MGB Geohazard Assessment Result, June 2013
17 | P a g e
Annex 12-18
E. Climate
Existing Climate Situation
Based on modified Coronas climate classification, Paluan

belongs to Type I Climate with distinct dry and wet season; wet from
June to November and dry during the rest of the year. Average rainfall
is recorded at 2,398.1 millimeters, highest rainfall of 492.9 millimeters
occurs during the month of August with the highest number of
recorded rainy days. Driest season occurs in January with lowest rainfall
of 3.7 millimeters. Average annual humidity is seventy seven percent
(77%). Lowest temperature of 22.3 ˚C is observed in the month of
February.
Projected Climate Situation
Based from PAG-

ASA report on Climate
Change in the
Philippines there will be
seasonal increase and
decrease in
temperature. By 2020
temperature will
increase by .9 to 1.1,
hence hottest months
would be March, April and May (MAM) at 29.4 0C from 28.3 of the
observed baseline (1971-2000). The same pattern will be observed by
2050. About 31.50C is expected during the warmest months. In the
same year, there will
change in rainfall
pattern, DJF will have
slight increase in rainfall
in 2050. June, July and
August (JJA) will remain
to be the most wet
months in both 2020
and 2050. With regards
to extreme events,
there will be increasing number of days with maximum temperature
greater than 350C with consequently increasing number of dry days.
18 | P a g e
Annex 12-19
Table_____
Summary of Projected Climate Changes (2020-2050)
General Changes Specific Changes

Climate Seasonal Pattern
Expected Expected
Variables of Change
on Climate Changes and Reference Period
Warmer during months
2020- .9 to 1.1 of MAM and slightly
2050- 1.8-2.1 warm during months
Temperature Increase of SON
Decrease in Rainfall
from Dec.-May with a
slight increase during
2020- -14.3 to 13.6
SON. Increase in
Rainfall is expected
Seasonal increase during JJA
and decrease By 2050 there will be
change in rainfall
pattern. Largest
increase in rainfall will
2050- -2.4-26.7 occur during JJA
Rainfall followed by DJF
Dry season will be
expected during MMA
and slightly dry during
SON
From an observed data
1971-2000
Increasing no. of Days 2020- 1773 days w/
with Tmax>350C
with more than 35 0 2050- 3410 days w/
Celsius Tmax>350C
2020- 7010 days of dry

Increasing Number of days
Dry Days 2050- 7128 days of dry
days
Extreme 2020- 5 days with rainfall

Events Decreasing no. of >200mm
days with 2050 - 14 days w/ rainfall
rainfall < 200mm >200mm
Source: PAG-ASA Regional report on Climate Change in the Philippines, February 2011
Base station- San Jose Occidental Mindoro
19 | P a g e
Annex 12-20
F. Topography and Slope
The town is straddled by rolling to steep mountain range under the

majestic shadows of Mt. Calavite, which offers the best panoramic view of
Occidental Mindoro and the neighboring Island.
Areas with a slope 0-3% comprise 5733.16 hectares (has.) or 10.14% of

the total land area which is suited for agricultural production. Areas with
accounted for a slope of 3-8 percent comprises 28 percent. Restricted
development areas having a slope of 18 percent and above based on PD
705 (Revised Forestry Code) comprises more than 68 percent. Data shows
that Paluan is largely mountainous areas having steep slope.
Table_____
Slope Distribution
Percent
Slope Description Area
Share
Level to gently
0-3% sloping 5,733.16 10.14
Gently sloping to
3-8% undulating 15,831.20 28
8-18% Undulating to rolling 4,099.15 7.25

Rolling to moderately
18-30% Steep 7,350.20 13
30-50% Steep 599.32 1.06
>50% Very Steep 38,599.86 68.27
56,540.00
Source: BSWM, 2010
G. Soil Characteristics/Composition
Based from soil suitability analysis of Occidental Mindoro conducted by

the Bureau of Soil and Water Management (BSWM) 2010, there 12 types of
soil in the locality. Most prominent among the soil types is the Buguey Sand
which covers about 46.65 percent of the land area followed by Tilik Rocky
Phase which accounted for about 37.60 percent.
Based on BSWM Report (Land Use Assessment for Potential Agri-Environment

Development and Investment, 2010) hereunder are the characteristics of soil
type found in Paluan:
20 | P a g e
Annex 12-21
Buguey sand, 0-3 percent slope; (BgM): This unit occurs on level to
nearly level beach ridges and swales of the saline intruded estuarine
plain. Dominant soil characteristics of this unit are similar to the
representative pedon described for Buguey Series. This unit is suitable
for coconut.
Baler silty clay loam, 0-3 percent slope, (BaM): The soil units on level to
nearly level overflow basin of the infilled valleys. The soil characteristics
of these soil units are similar to the typifying pedon described for the
Baler series. It includes some areas bordering the coastal plain with a
surface layer of 0-13 centimeters with light brownish gray silty clay
brown. It has a shallow Bwg horizon of 32 centimeters with light olive
brown to gray silty clay loam to sandy loam and underlained with dark
gray sand Cg horizon. Those soil units have a general land use of
paddy rice during wet season and onion and garlic and other cash
crops during dry season. These soil mapping units are located at
Barangays Balikyas, Burol, Ambil, Agkawayan, Bulacan and Talaotao.
Tilik rocky phase, 8-18 percent slope, severely eroded, rocky, Tkr03:
This soil mapping unit covers the undulating to rolling low metamorphic
hills. The soil characteristics are similar to the representative pedon
described in the soil mapping unit TkrP3 (Pedon 9). Rock outcrops,
quartzite stones and boulders are scattered on the surface with few to
common schists and quartzite fragments within the pedon. It is
increasing in volume with increasing depth reaching 80 centimeters
from the soil surface. Due to the low fertility level of this soil, small trees
and grasses are abundant in the area. It also includes small areas
without soils that can be classified as miscellaneous land types. These
soil-mapping units are identified in Barangay Balikyas, Burol,
Agkawayan, Kanluran and Bulacan.
Tilik rocky phase, 18-30 percent slope, severely eroded, rocky, TkrP3:
This soil mapping unit covers the rolling to moderately steep high
metamorphic hills. The soil characteristics are similar to the typifying
pedon described for the series except changes in volume of rock
outcrops. They are prone to severe erosion due to its rolling to steep
slopes and less vegetation cover. The unit is dominantly shrubs and
grasses with scattered fruit trees such as mango, cashew and duhat.
Depressions with gently sloping to undulating relief are marginally
suitable for banana such as saba and lacatan.
Tilik rocky phase, 30-50 percent slope, severely eroded, rocky,TkrQ3:

This soil mapping unit occurs on steep high metamorphic hills. The soil
21 | P a g e
Annex 12-22
mapping unit TkrQ3 is similar to the typifying pedon no. 4 and soil
mapping unit TkrO3 described for the Tilik Series. The surface soil is 16
centimeters thick, sandy clay loam, soil structures are strong coarse
subangular blocky and soil consistencies are slightly sticky and slightly
plastic when wet and firm when moist. B horizons are 62 centimeters
thick clay loam with common quartzite and schist fragments. Soil
structures are strong coarse subangular blocky and soil consistencies
are slightly sticky and slightly plastic when wet and firm when moist. This
mapping unit is not suitable (N) for any field crop and marginally
suitable (S3) for tree crops, and suitable (S1) for forest.
Buayan sandy loam, 0–3 percent slope, moderately flooded (BuMf2):

This mapping unit includes on level to nearly level saline intruded
estuarine plain of the coastal landscape. This unit is formerly
mangroves, which are developed for fishponds and salt bed. The soils
are grayish sandy loam to loam and subsurface generally sandy
throughout reaching more than 150 centimeters. Also, the soil
characteristics are similar to the soil of the swamps and mangroves. It
includes small areas of beach ridges and swales.
Buayan sandy loam, 0 – 3 percent slope, severely flooded (BuMf3): This

mapping unit covers level to nearly level saline intruded estuarine plain
of the coastal landscape. The soil characteristics are similar to the
typifying pedon described in the BuMf2 but has uncontrolled severe
tidal flooding. The landscape is mixed forest mangrove species and
some parts are nipa palms. This unit includes small areas of beach
ridges and swales and small areas converted to fishponds and salt
beds.
Catanauan Silt Loam, 0-3 Percent Slope, (CaM): This mapping unit
occurs on nearly level to nearly level decantation basin of the narrow
alluvial plain. Its soil characteristics in the upper and lower terraces
does not differ wide enough to separate from other series and soil
types. Other distinguishing feature of these soils is the presence of ash
fall from the surface or sometimes buried at shallow layer in some
places. The soil characteristics of this mapping unit are similar to the
typifying pedon described for Catanauan silt loam except for small
areas with grayish surface layer and frequently saturated with saline
water during high tide. The land uses are dominantly paddy rice during
wet season and patches of vegetables during dry season. Other
suitable crops for this soil types are root crops such as peanut, onions
and garlic, and wide varieties of fruits and leafy vegetables during dry
22 | P a g e
Annex 12-23
season. These soil mapping unit are located on Barangay Guitna,

Kanluran and Bonbon.
Table ______
Soil Classification
Area Percent
Soil Type Crop Suitability Location
(ha.) Share (%)
Alimodian Clay 0.58900803 Rice, Corn,
Loam 333.03 vegetables and
Baler Silty Clay 2.069199129 Fruit Trees
Loam 1,169.93
8.817143453 Vegetables and
Banto Silty 4,985.21 Fruit Trees
Bantog Clay 0.537959295 Rice, Corn and
Loam 304.16 Vegetables
0.079057262 Coconut
Beach Sand 44.70
Onion,
Buayan Sandy 0.009696145 rootcrops, rice
Loam 5.48 and corn
46.65763746 Rootcrops and
Buguey Sand 26,380.23 coconut
Vegetables, fruit
Catanuan Silty 2.45067656 trees, rice and
Clay Loam 1,385.61 corn
0.070059144
River Wash 39.61
0.363311851
Tilik Clay Loam 205.42
37.60507908
Tilik Rocky Phase 21,261.91
Umingan Clay 0.75117259
Loam 424.71
Total 56,540.00
Source: Bureau of Soils and Water Management, MAO
H. Erosion
Soil erosion is a natural occurrence affected by topography and also

aggravated by human activities.
Erosion is susceptible in watershed especially in high mountain ridges

due to the practice of slash and burn system (kaingin). The ebbs and flows of
riverbanks affect rice fields, especially in Barangay Alipaoy.
23 | P a g e
Annex 12-24
Percent Share
Erosion (%)
No Erosion 5449.778823 0.096388023
Slight Erosion 45774.86009 0.809601346
Moderate 3263.244165 0.057715673
Severe 2052.116919 0.036294958
Total 56540.0000
I. Natural Resources
a. Mineral Resources.
There are metallic deposits of copper chromites and nickel chromites

at barangays Tubili, and Marikit, and non-metallic such as Talk Asbestos. Isle
and ornamental stone in Barangay Mananao. (See Map ___)
b. Water Resources
1. Inland:
Paluan is home to the

famous Calawagan River, dubbed
as the Cleanest Inland Body of
Water in the Philippines. A winner
for three (3) consecutive years; it
has become a Hall of Fame
Awardee from the Department of
the Interior and Local Government
(DILG) for the Clean & Green
Program. The water source of the
river is the the Batinglay falls. Calawagan Mt. Resort, Paluan, Occidental Mindoro
A test made by the Department of Science

and Technology (DOST) showed that the river’s
rushing water has no Coli form and its heterotrophic
plate count is 65ml. The acceptable levels for
bacterial colony units per milliliters of samples for
schools drinking water not exceed a hundred.
Therefore, the river’s water is cleaner than the water
in the household tap, which is already chlorinated.
In support to agriculture, Communal Irrigation

such as Calawagan, Alipaoy Communal Irrigation
Calawagan Communal Irrigation System System, Tungloy Harrison Irrigation and Tubili
24 | P a g e
Annex 12-25
Communal Irrigation System provides water for almost 600has of agriculture

area.
2. Sea:
Paluan lies along the Verde Island Passage Marine Corridor. A total of
121,500.0650 has. comprises its water territory.
Based on the assessment result of the team for Socio-Demographic

and Coral Assessment of the coastal areas of Paluan, Occidental Mindoro
released on August 4, 2006, the average percentage of live soft coral is lower
than that of live hard coral. The lowest values registered were 1.53% in
Barangay Mananao and 2.2% in Barangay Marikit and Harrison.
Table____
Territorial Water
Proposed MPA / Sanctuary 10.0000

Ship Shelter Area 200.0000
Diving Site other than MPA 35.00
Available for other marine activities 111,500.0650
Total Water territory 121,500.0650
The shoreline of Paluan is approximately 60 kms long from Barangay

Tubili in the southwest to Barangay Mananao in the northeast, encompassing
the coastal communities of 10 out of 12 barangays. Paluan Bay is a rich
fishing ground for migratory school of fishes and other marine resources. Tuna,
blue marlin and malasugui are common marine resources.
Mahabang Buhangin Reef is located at Barangay Tubili and fronting a

beach resort. The reef structure community has many small canals and
sloping. On top and under the corals are plenty of “crown thorns”. The live
coral cover categorized as good is about 57.7%. The areas were dominated
with massive and branching corals. The reef fishes are plenty.
Tambo reef is located at So. Tambo, Barangay Mananao, it has a

good live coral cover with a total of 52.76% there are lobster and moray eel
and sightings of manta ray in the deeper part of the reefs.
Lumangbayan reef is located at Paluan Town. The reef site has also a
good live coral cover about 54.80%.
There are live corals in So. Igsuso and in Barangay Marikit, with an area
each more than 30 hectares.
25 | P a g e
Annex 12-26
c. Forest
Mt Calavite is on a
mountainous headland at the north-
western tip of Mindoro Island. Until
recently the area was a wilderness,
with the north and north-west sides
forested to the beach, but much of
the forest has been cleared for
agriculture. There are now large
tracts of cogonal grassland, with
MINDOR
second growth lowland forest
patches confined to gullies and very
steep slopes.
O
Mt. Calavite houses the 18,600.16 has Mt.
Calavite
BIODIVE
Wildlife Sanctuary established by
Proclamation 292 of His Excllency Joseph E. Estrada
on April 23, 2000. There have been recent reports of
RSITY
sightings of the Mindoro
endemic Tamaraw (Bubalus
mindorensis) in Mt Calavite
National Park.
Mindoro Hawk-Owl
(Ninox mindorensis)
The rapid
assessment presented
by Mindoro Biodiversity
Conservation
Foundation, Inc. on
September 2013 shows
109 bird species which Male Scarlet-collared Flowerpecker
includes Philippines Ducks or
Anas Luzonica (Philippine Endemic Species),
Scarlet Collared Flower Pecker or Dicaeum
Retrocinctum (Mindoro Endemic) and Mindoro
Hawk-Owl or Ninox Mindorensis (Mindoro
Endemic). They also inveterate the existence on
Striped-faced fruit bat
Mt. Calavite Wild Life Sanctuary of 14 confirmed
and 9 unconfirmed species of Bats including 5 species of fruit bats, 1 species
of ghost bat, 2 species of round-leaf bats, 1 species of horseshoe bat and 5
species of evening bats. Also presented are 8 amphibians in which 4 of them
are endemic in the Philippines, 2 are endemic in Mindoro and 1 is a native
species. 13 species of reptiles and 4 unidentified species of damselflies are
also part of Mt. Calavite biodiversity.
26 | P a g e

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MOUNT CALAVITE WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Municipality of Paluan, Province of Occidental Mindoro

Deparment of Environment and Natural Resources

TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................i

DENR Region 4B MIMAROPA

Table 1. MCWS Land Classification Based on PD 705.................................................3

Annex 1. MCWS Administrative Boundary Map

DENR Region 4B MIMAROPA

DENR Region 4B MIMAROPA

rpduquil/CRM Plan_Harrison_1stdraft 1|Page

Pursuant to Under Rule 15 of DAO (DENR Administrative Order) No. 2008-26,

On October 22, 2014, a Participatory Planning-Workshop for the preparation of

DENR Region 4B MIMAROPA

rpduquil/CRM Plan_Harrison_1stdraft 2|Page

II. VISION STATEMENT

In the planning-workshop conducted on October 22, 2014, the participants were

”A PEOPLE LIVING IN A COMMUNITY WITH BASIC FACILITIES AND

III. PRESENT USE OF LAND, FOREST AND WATER

Around 16,430.5282 ha, or 90% of MCWS is classified as forest/timberland and

Table 1. MCWS Land Classification Based on PD 705

Land Classification Area (ha) Percentage

Based on PD 705, forest/timberland is referred to lands of the public domain,

DENR Region 4B MIMAROPA

rpduquil/CRM Plan_Harrison_1stdraft 3|Page

Based on the imformant, there is a wide coconut plantation in So. Pinagbayanan.

Mt Calavite is on a mountainous headland at the north-western tip of Mindoro

DENR Region 4B MIMAROPA

rpduquil/CRM Plan_Harrison_1stdraft 4|Page

“Kaingin” System: The estimated forestlands of the MCWS are about

Grazing Areas: Some of these grasslands are being used as pastureland or

Table 2. National Greening Program (NGP) Areas within MCWS

YEAR Area (ha) Location

DENR Region 4B MIMAROPA

rpduquil/CRM Plan_Harrison_1stdraft 5|Page

Water and Wetland Use:

Wetland: A small pond – Igmanukan Lake close to Binagyuhan was observed to

rpduquil/CRM Plan_Harrison_1stdraft 6|Page

The protection of the remaining forests of MCWS would be critical in the

General Resource and Land-Use:

Table 3. Schools within Barangay Harrison.

rpduquil/CRM Plan_Harrison_1stdraft 7|Page

So. Hinugasan Primary-Minority School 1

Homelots and Farmlots: Based on the results of SRPAO conducted in 2011,

Medicinal Plants: The indigenous communities use a variety of plants with

Table 4. List of Medicinal Plants Recorded in MCWS

DENR Region 4B MIMAROPA

rpduquil/CRM Plan_Harrison_1stdraft 8|Page

Ecotourism: Tourism is fast emerging as a money-earner for Paluan. Foreign and

DENR Region 4B MIMAROPA

rpduquil/CRM Plan_Harrison_1stdraft 9|Page

IV. ISSUES AND THREATS

In the participatory-workshop conducted, the participants listed down the

Table 5. Problems and recommended solutions

ISSUES PROBLEMS RECOMMENDED SOLUTIONS

DENR Region 4B MIMAROPA

ISSUES PROBLEMS RECOMMENDED SOLUTIONS

Grazing Areas planted rice and other field grazing areas

There are varying perceptions of the various threats to conservation at MCWS

DENR Region 4B MIMAROPA

Agriculture related Issues:

The problems raised by participants of the participatory-workshop categorically

Furthermore, among the problems raised, in relation to agricultural uses, were

DENR Region 4B MIMAROPA