PRESTRESSED CONCRETE DESIGN

Introduction to Prestressed Concrete

Design
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Definition of Terms
Prestressed Concrete
•- concrete in which there have been introduced internal
stresses of such magnitude and distribution that stresses
resulting from external loads are counter-acted to a desired
degree.
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Definition of Terms
Cast – in – Place Concrete
• - concrete cast in its final position

Pre – Cast Concrete

• - concrete member formed in the plant site or even at the
job site but not in its final position

Insitu Composite
• - concrete member consisting of the pre-cast and cast-in-
place members
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Definition of Terms
Bonded Tendon
• - Prestressing tendon that is bonded to concrete either
directly or through grouting

Anchorage
• - In Post-Tensioning, a device used to anchor tendon to
concrete member
• - In Pre-tensioning, a device used to anchor tendon during
the hardening of concrete
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Definition of Terms
Tendon
• - Steel element such wire, cable bar, rod or strand, or a
bundle of such elements, used to impart prestressed to
concrete.

Jacking Force
• - In Prestressed Concrete, temporary force exerted by
device that introduces tension into prestressing tendons.
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Definition of Terms
Effective Prestress
• - Stress remaining in prestressing tendons after all losses
have occurred, excluding effects of dead load and
superimposed load.

Pretensioning
• - Method of Prestressing in which tendons are tensioned
before concrete has hardened.
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Definition of Terms
Post - Tensioning
• - Method of Prestressing in which tendons are tensioned
after concrete has hardened.

Curvature Friction
• - Friction resulting from bends or curves in the specified
prestressing tendon profile.
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Definition of Terms
Wobble Friction
• - In Prestressed concrete, a friction curved by unintended
deviation of prestressing or duct from its specified profile.
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Reinforced Concrete
vs
Prestressed Concrete
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Advantages of Prestressed
Concrete over Reinforced
Concrete
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Advantages of PS Concrete
over RC
Structural Advantage
- Prestressed concrete is more suitable for structures of long
span and those carrying heavy loads because of the higher
strength of materials employed. Prestressed concrete
structures are more slender and hence more adaptable to
architectural design and they do not crack under working
loads. The deflection is reduced under dead loads and live
loads because of the cambering effect of prestress.
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Advantages of PS Concrete
over RC
Durability
- Durability of concrete depends upon the corrosion of steel
which is responsible for chemical attack thus resulting to
disintegration of concrete. Prestressed concrete is more
durable because of its lesser amount of steel.
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Advantages of PS Concrete
over RC
Safety
- Prestressed concrete when properly designed has the ability
to resist shock, impact loads and repeated working loads.
Prestressed concrete gives also ample warming before
impending collapse
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Advantages of PS Concrete
over RC
Economy
- Prestressed concrete is more economical when heavy load
or long spans are encountered
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Methods of Tensioning Wires

or Tendons
a) Mechanical prestressing by means of jacks
b) Electrical prestressing by application of heat
c) Chemical prestressing by means of expanding cement
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Losses of Prestress in Pre –

Tensioning Members
a) Elastic shortening of concrete
b) Creep and shrinkage in concrete

c) Creep in steel
d) Frictional Losses
e) Losses due to anchorage slippage and deformations
f) Creep and shrinkage in concrete
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Prestressed Concrete

Frey – Fil: The Industrial

Plant and its Products
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The Difference
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Materials
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Tendons
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Parts of a Tendon
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Sheathing used in Tendons

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Equipment
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Heavy Equipment that Lifts the Pre –

Cast Concrete Beams and Columns
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Truck Mixers
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Products
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Pre – Cast Columns

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Glass Fiber Reinforced

Concrete (GFRC)
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Reference:
Benaim, R. (2008). The Design of prestressed
concrete bridges. Oxfordshire, UK: Taylor & Francis.
Hurst, M. K. (2002). Prestressed concrete design.
CRC Press.
Naaman, A. E. (1982). Prestressed concrete analysis
and design: fundamentals. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Nawy, E. G. (1996). Prestressed concrete: A
fundamental approach.
Raju, N. K. (2006). Prestressed concrete. Tata
McGraw-Hill Education.