COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
CENTRAL PHILIPPINE UNIVERSITY
Jaro, Iloilo City, Philippines
Tel No: 63 (33) 3291971 loc 1084
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Experiment No. 1:
Calorimetry
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Experiment No. 1: Calorimetry
OBJECTIVES
1. To perform simple calorimetry experiment.
2. To use calorimetric results to calculate the heat released or changed in a reaction.
THEORY and APPLICATIONS
The word calorimetry was from the Latin word calor meaning heat, and the Greek word metry
meaning to measure. Calorimetry is the process to measure the amount of heat released or absorbed
during a chemical reaction. There had been different ways and methods in order to measure heat, and
since the birth of calorimetry in the late 18th century, a large number of techniques have been developed.
At first, the techniques were based on simple temperature measurement methods, but in present, advances
in technology have enabled users to collect data and maintain samples under conditions that were not
possible before. Using the calorimetric results, it can determine whether a process is exothermic (releases
heat) or endothermic (absorbs heat). It also plays a pivotal role in in measuring the heat effect of a
physical process such as melting, evaporation and dehydration.
Coffee cup calorimeters are used to measure changes that take place in solution. Coffee cup
calorimetry is conducted under constant pressure or isobaric conditions. When a reaction taking place in
the calorimeter is open to the atmosphere, the device can measure the enthalpy change directly. We can
assume that the polystyerene cup itself does not contribute to the overall heat absorption. We are treating
the walls of the cup to be as perfectly adiabatic or heat is equal to zero.
MATERIALS & EQUIPMENT
0.5 , 1 , 2 M of HCl Styrofoam cups (3)
0.5 , 1 , 2 M of NaOH Thermometers (2)
Beakers
Scissors/Cutter
Stopwatch
PROCEDURE
1. Prepare the materials needed. Take extra precaution by using laboratory gown and gloves.
2. Draw tables (see Data and Results) to record the data of the initial temperature and the temperature
for every 30 seconds (until four minutes) of each chemical and the combined chemicals.
3. Prepare 2 Styrofoam cups. Nest the first Styrofoam cup over the other. As an insulating cover, cut a
little bit from a Styrofoam cup that will cover enough the other 2 cups (like a shaker). Make sure you
can still open it so you can pour the chemicals later.
4. Make two holes on the top of the cup to put the thermometer and the stirrer.
5. Take 50 ml of a Sodium Hydroxide and Hydrochloric Acid with concentration of 0.5M. Put it in two
separate beakers and measure the temperature of both mixtures. Write the data.
6. Pour NaOH and HCl together to the Styrofoam cup. Quickly and carefully close the Styrofoam cup
with the other Styrofoam and put the thermometer in. Count the initial temperature.
7. Stir the combined chemicals slowly with the stirrer and record the temperature changes for 240
seconds (four minutes).
8. After 240 seconds, pour the combined chemicals out of the Styrofoam cups.
9. Repeat step 5-12 for 1M and 2M, but make sure you’ve washed the Styrofoam before repeating the
steps. See Figure 1.
DIAGRAM
Figure 1. Calorimetry Experiment Setup
DATA AND RESULTS
Table 1. Initial temperature of HCl and NaOH
Molarity TEMPERATURE
HCl NaOH
0.5M
1M
2M
Table 2. Temperature of combined chemicals during reaction.
Time (in seconds) 0.5M 1M 2M
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
240
COMPUTATIONS
1. Determination of mass of water. (Assume mass of water equal to mass of combined chemicals). Take
density of water equal to 1 g/ml.
2. Determination of heat absorbed by water (i.e. solution). Use specific heat capacity of water equal to
4.184 J/g °C.
3. Determination of number of moles of reactants.
4. Determination of heat of reaction.
HCl + NaOH H2O + NaCl ΔHrxn = ? (in J/mol reactant)
FORMULAS:
Mass, m = density x volume
Number of moles, n = molarity in moles per liter x volume in liter
Heat, q = mcΔT
ΔHrxn = -q
COMPUTATIONS
OBSERVATION AND DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
Post-lab Questions:
1. Why is it important that these reactions be run in a styrofoam cup (as opposed to a beaker)?
2. There is a flaw in the setup of this experiment. Somewhere, heat was absorbed by an object that was
not measured by our tests. Identify the object/s that absorbed the remaining heat energy.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCES
Calorimetry. (2016). Retrieved on May 9, 2018 from
[Link]
Calorimetry. Retrieved on May 14, 2018 from
[Link]
Calorimetry. Retrieved on May 14, 2018 from
[Link]
McCord. Calorimetry. Retrieved on May 14, 2018 from
[Link]
Thermodynamics. Retrieved from
[Link]
m.
Tsamara, A. (2013). Calorimetry experiment. Retrieved on May 9, 2018 from
[Link]
