BOX CULVERT DESIGN

Calculation for 1.4m x 1.5m RCC box culvert :

Size of Culvert = 1.4 m x 1.5 m
Span of culvert 10 m
Culverts will be designed for Class “A” loading as per IRC standards for road with 10 m width and above.
` = 6.8 t
Super imposed load(assuming 2 tyres) = 3.4 t
Grade of Concrete = M 25
Grade of Steel = Fe 415
SBC at 1.5m depth = 20 t/m2
Density of Soil = 18 kN/m3
Angle of Repose (Ø) = 30 deg
Unit weight of concrete = 25 kN/m3

Assumed thickness of slab as = 150 mm

Weight of top slab (W1) = 3.75 kN/m2

Super imposed load (W2) = 4.39 kN/m2

Total weight on top slab (W) = 8.14 kN/m2

Weight of two vertical walls (W3) = 12.375 kN/m

Surcharge = 20 KN/m2
Considering one metre run of culvert, Pressure intensity on the base slab

= {[(W * h) + W3] / h}

= 15.64 kN/m2

Loading diagram

1
5
0
0

m
m

1400mm
Weight of bottom slab will be directly counteracted by the corresponding ground reaction.
At any depth (h) from top slab, lateral pressure intensity (p)

p = {W1 x [1-sin Ø/1+sin Ø)] + 18000 h{1-sin Ø/1+sin Ø)]}

At level at top slab (h) = 0m

p = 14.39 kN/m2

At level at bottom (h) = 1.9 m

p = 48.59 kN/m2

Considering one metre run of the culvert and each member as a separate fixed member, Fixed end moments are:
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN METHODOLOGY:

The RCC box culvert will be designed as per the guidance provided in the civil technical specification. Earth pressure
for all under ground water storage structure shall be taken as at rest. In addition to earth pressure the vehicular traffic
load as per the IRC specification of Class "A" shall be taken into account. Manual load calculations are made and
analysed using the software STAAD pro for the loadings, bending moments and shear forces and design/detail shall be
made as per the manual calculation
Bending Moments

Considering maximum misspan section of slab for bending moment (M) = 7.532kNm
For top slab;
Assuming the depth of slab as 150mm with effective cover of 25mm.,
Depth available = 150-25 = 125 mm
Mu = 7.532 x 1.5 = 11.298 kNm
Mu,lim = b x d^2 x Q = 1000 x 125^2 x 3.45
= 53.9063 kNm < 11.3 kNm Hence depth is OK
Percentage reinforcement (Pt) = Mu/bd^2
= 11.3 x 10^6/1000 x 125^2
= 0.589248
Percentage tension reinforcement (pt) from SP16
Pt = 0.17%
Considering Minimum area of reinforcement 0.12%
Therefore area of reinforcement = (Gross area of slab x 0.12)/100
= (1000 x 150 x 0.12)/100
= 180 mm2
Area of reinforcement with Pt = 0.17% = (1000 x 125 x 0.17)/100
= 212.5 mm2

Providing 12mm Ø bars, Spacing = (113.04 X 1000)/212.5

= 531.953 mm Say 200 mm c/c spacing

Providing dist. bar as 10mm Ø bars, Spacing =(78.5 X 1000)/180

436.111 Say 150 mm c/c spacing
For bottom slab and side walls;
Assuming the depth of slab as 150mm with effective cover of 25mm.,
Depth available = 150-25 = 125 mm
Mu = 8.213 x 1.5 = 12.3195 kNm
Mu,lim = b x d^2 x Q = 1000 x 125^2 x 3.45
= 53.9063 kNm < 12.32 kNm Hence depth is OK

Percentage reinforcement (Pt) = Mu/bd^2

= 12.32 x 10^6/1000 x 125^2
= 0.78848
Percentage tension reinforcement (pt) from SP16
Pt = 0.229%

Considering Minimum area of reinforcement 0.2%

Therefore area of reinforcement = (Gross area of slab x 0.2)/100
= (1000 x 150 x 0.2)/100
= 300 mm2
Area of reinforcement with Pt = 0.229% = (1000 x 125 x 0.229)/100
286.25 mm2
Providing 12mm Ø bars, Spacing = (113.04 X 1000)/300
= 376.8 mm Say 200 mm c/c spacing
Providing dist. bar as 10mm Ø bars, Spacing =(78.5 X 1000)/300
= 261.667 mm Say 150 mm c/c spacing

Check for Shear:

Shear force
 Shear force (V) = 32.168 kN
Max Vu = 1.5 x V = 48.252 kN
Shear stress (ζv) = Vu/(b x d) = 386.02 kN/m2
ζc, = 470.86 kN/m2

Therfore ζc > ζv , Hence safe under shear

sin Ø/1+sin Ø)]}

nd moments are:

tion. Earth pressure

e the vehicular traffic
ns are made and
design/detail shall be

Hence depth is OK
m c/c spacing

m c/c spacing
 Hence depth is OK

m c/c spacing

m c/c spacing