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1.

Ajinkya (2006)
1 𝜀
= −1.7372 [𝑙𝑛 (3.7𝐷+1.257 )]
𝑅𝑒√𝑓
√𝑓

Rao and Kumar approximation (2007)

1 (2𝜀⁄𝐷 )−1
= 2𝑙𝑜𝑔 ( )
√𝑓 ((0.444 ∗ 0.135𝑅𝑒)/𝑅𝑒)𝐹(𝑅𝑒)

Vatankhah and kouchakzadeh (2009)


−2

𝑓 = (𝑎𝑙𝑛 (𝑑⁄ 𝑆 ))
(𝑆 − 0.28)𝑆+0.98

Donde

𝑎 = 0.8686, 𝑑 = 0.4587𝑅𝑒, 𝑆 = 0,1240(𝜀⁄𝐷) ∗ 𝑅𝑒 + 𝑙𝑛(0.4587𝑅𝑒)

Papaevangelou correlation (2010)

0.2479 − 0.0000947(7 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔(𝑅𝑒))4


𝑓= 2
𝜀 ⁄𝐷
(𝑙𝑜𝑔 ( + 7.366⁄𝑅𝑒 0.9142 ))
3.615

Ghanbari–Farshad–Rieke’s correlation (2011)


−2.169
1.042
𝜀 ⁄𝐷
𝑓 = ((−1.52 ∗ 𝑙𝑜𝑔 (( ) )) + (2.731⁄𝑅𝑒)0.9152 )
7.21

Cojbasic zarko and dejan Brkic (2013)

1 5
= −2𝑙𝑜𝑔 ((𝜀 ⁄3.7106𝐷) −
√𝑓 𝑅𝑒

4.795
∗ 𝑙𝑜𝑔 ((𝜀 ⁄3.8597𝐷) −
𝑅𝑒

0.8795
4.9755
∗ 𝑙𝑜𝑔 ((𝜀 ⁄3.8597𝐷 )0.9685 + ( ) )))
206.2795 + 𝑅𝑒

Ali R. Vatankhah formula (2014)


2
2.51⁄𝑅𝑒 + 1.1513 ∗ 𝛿
𝑓=( )
𝛿 − (𝜀 ⁄𝐷 )/3.71 − 2.3026 ∗ 𝛿 ∗ 𝑙𝑜𝑔(𝛿)

Donde
6.0173
𝛿=
𝑅𝑒(0.07 ∗ (𝜀 ⁄𝐷) + 𝑅𝑒 −0.885 )0.109

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