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Answers To SOM
Answers To SOM
Problem #1
x 10500 psi, Tensile
y 5500 psi
xy 4000 psi
3 0
Principal stresses:
x y x y
2
1, 2 xy2
2 2
Substitute values from above yields:
1 11444 psi
2 6444 psi
The maximum shear stress is determined by these two principal stresses as:
Max( max,12 , max,13 , max,23 )
1 2 1 3 2 3
max,12 max,1,3 max,23
2 2 2
11444 6444
max 8944 psi
2
Note that the other maximum shear stresses are less than this value.
Problem #2
Problem #3
2000 lb
6 ft
Q
20000 lb
4.5 ft 4.5 ft
The 2000 lbs creates a bending stress at Q that is tensile and is equal to:
Mzy
x
Iz
Where
M z 2000 * 4.5 * 12
d
y 2
2
d 4
Iz
64
Substituting into the bending formula, we get
x 17188 psi
The stress due to the axial load is compressive and is equal to:
F 20000
x' 1591 psi
A (2) 2
The total stress is:
17188 1591 15600
Problem #4
D a
c
b 7/8
y
3/8
1.5
Location of centeroid:
Ay 2 Aa y a Ab yb
1.125 y 2(.375)(.75) .375(.5)
y 0.667
The area moment of inertia:
I z 2I a I b
1
Ia (.25)(1.5) 3 .375(.75 .667) 2
12
1
I b (1.5)(.25) 3 .375(.667 .375 .125) 2
12
The answer is:
I z 0.158 in 4
The stress at D is:
M z c 10000 * (0.833)
57200 psi
Iz 0.158
note that c=1.5-0.667=0.833
Form Problem # 3, the normal stress on the surface is 15600 psi. The state
of stress is shown below:
xy
x
Problem #7
30”
20”
The forces in the upper portion (Fu) and lower portion (FL) are:
KU KL
FU F FL F
KU K L KU K L
Where
EA EA
KU and KL
30 20
Substituting into the force expressions:
1
30 2
FU F (800) 320 lbs
1 1 5
30 20
3
FL F 480
5
The maximum stress is (480/0.5)=960 psi
Problem #8
4 ft 6 ft
The torque is divided according to torsional stiffnesses. In this case the left
supports picks us (6/10)=0.6 of the torque and the right support takes 0.4 of
the torque.
Problem #9
y-bar
Cross-section
yc
The stress is
VQ
IZb
Finding the centroid is as before:
2 * 4 * (2 4 1)
y 3.5
2(2 * 4)
The area moment of inertia is:
1 1
I (2)(4) 3 (2)(4)(3.5 2) 2 (4)(2) 3 (2)(4)(5 3.5) 2 49.3
12 12
Q is
Q (2)(4)(5 3.5) 12
and
VQ V (12)
11 V 90.4 lbs
I Z b 49.3(2)
Problem #10
Y
VQ 250 * (1 * 6)(4.5)
11.8 psi
IZb 285.6(2)
Problem #11
Problem #12
The critical point is the inner radius. The tangential stress is:
P P
Pi ri 2 Po ro2 ri 2 ro2 o 2 i
t r
ro2 ri 2
2ro2 2(0.875)2
t Po 2 2 11200 * 45733 psi
ro ri 0.8752 0.6252
The state of stress is simple – just this tangential stress which is also the
principal stress. From theory, we know that there are no shear stresses on
these surfaces when the stress element in oriented with radial edges.
x
Problem #S14
E 207 *103 R 20 ri 0 ro 40
The answer is P=50.4 Mpa.
12”
6”
1000 1000
# S15 # S16
Problem #S15: Using the impact formula and simplifying for h>>:
2hk 2 * 1 * 2.5 * 10 6
Fe W (1000) 70.7 * 10 3
lbs
W 1000
AE 1 * 30 * 10 6
K 2.5 * 10 6
L 12
Problem #S16: The two bars form a pair of two springs in series. The
equivalent spring is:
K1 K 2 A1 A2 E 1(2) 30 *10 6
Ke ( ) ( ) 33.3 *10 6 lb / in
K1 K 2 A1 A2 L1 1 2 6
2hk 2 * 1 * 3.33 * 10 6
Fe W
(1000) 81.6 * 103 lbs
W 1000
max 81.6 ksi
Problem #17
d 4 (1.5) 4
A r 2 1.767 and I .2485
64 64
I
and k .375
A
Since the slenderness ratio is larger than the limit, the Euler formula applies:
SF=20438/5655 = 3.6
l 18
82
k 0.0288
.60
We have to use the Johnson Formula:
SyL 1
2
1 68000 *18 2
Pcr A S y 0.668000 ) 24975 lbs
30 *10 6 2 (.219)
(
2k CE
24975
SF 4.42
5655
Tr 16T 16 * 20000
12732.4 psi
J d 3 (2) 3
.58S y .58 * 50000
FS 2.27
12732.4
Based on MST:
.5S y
FS 2
Problem #S19
3 2 2 ri 2 ro2 1 3 2
t ( 2
)(ri ro 2 r )
8 r 3
.26 3 .211 1 3(.211) 2
t ( ) 2 ( )(2 * 52 32 (3) )
386 8 3 .211
t .0147 2
Since this is a principal stress and the other principal stress is zero (radial
stress is zero on the inner radius), we equate this stress to Sut.
0.0147 2 30000
1428 rad / sec 13600 rpm
Problem #S21
The question in this problem is the factor of safety against eventual fatigue
failure. First we calculate the maximum nominal shear stress:
Tr 56(103 )(10)
35.6 Mpa
J 4
(20)
32
We would apply the fatigue stress concentration factor to the nominal stress
to get the actual stress
1.48(35.6) 52.8 Mpa
The need to find the VonMises stress and compare it to strength
v, a 3 2 91.4 Mpa
On the strength side, the estimate of the endurance limit of the rotating
bending fatigue specimen is half of the tensile strength for steels:
Se' (0.5)518 259 Mpa
Applying the correction factors to estimate the endurance limit of this part:
Se (0.9)(0.78)(256) 182 Mpa
The factor of safety is:
182
n 2
91