MIDTERM EXAMINATION

Number Theory
Master of Science in Teaching Mathematics
nd
2 Sem., S.Y. 2018-2019

Instructions:
 Use bond papers (A4 or Letter size) for your answer. Use 1 sheet for every item to be organized.
 Write only your ID number on each of the pages of your papers.
 Write only on the front pages. Paginate your papers at below right. Box the pagination with format “Page ___ of ___”.
 Write legibly and in organized manner. If possible, avoid erasures.
 Show all solutions relevant in solving the problem.
 Submit on July 14, 2019.

Mathematical Induction

1. Prove that the sum of the squares of the integers from 1 to 𝑛, that is
𝑛
𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛 + 1)
∑ 𝑗 2 = 12 + 22 + 32 + ⋯ + 𝑛2 =
6
𝑗=1
2. Show that if 𝑎 is an integer, the 3 divides 𝑎3 − 3.

Properties of Integers, Divisibility and Number Systems

3. True or False. Justify your answer (You may present counter examples.)
a. The set of natural numbers ℕ is closed under subtraction.
b. The set of negative numbers ℤ− is closed under multiplication
c. There is no integer 𝑥 such that for any 𝑎 ∈ ℤ, 𝑎 < 𝑥 < 𝑎 + 1.
d. For any 𝑘 ∈ ℤ, 2𝑘 − 1 is odd.
e. The set of numbers 𝑥 such that 𝑥 is a multiple of 3 is closed under addition.
4. Present a trick to determine if a given number if divisible by 7. Show at least 3 examples.
5. Convert the following number into base 10 (decimal system) ⟹ 122348
6. Convert 122348 to hexadecimal system (base 16).

Greatest Common Divisors

7. Use Euclidean Algorithm to solve for (4312, 2205).

8. Find 𝑥 and 𝑦 such that 4312𝑥 + 2205𝑦 = (4312, 2205)
9. What is the GCD and LCM of 2856, 1020 and 3150?

Linear Diophantine Equations

10. A postal clerk has only Php14.00 and Php21.00. What combination/s of these may be used to mail a
package requiring postage of exactly Php777.00?

Prepared by:

NARGLORIC C. UTANES
Instructor II
 FINAL EXAMINATION

Number Theory
Master of Science in Teaching Mathematics
nd
2 Sem., S. Y. 2018-2019

Instructions:
 Use bond papers (A4 or Letter size) for your answer. Use 1 sheet for every item to be organized.
 Write only your ID number on each of the pages of your papers.
 Write only on the front pages. Paginate your papers at below right. Box the pagination with format “Page ___ of ___”.
 Write legibly and in organized manner. If possible, avoid erasures.
 Show all solutions relevant in solving the problem.
 Submit on July 20, 2019.

Linear Congruence

1. Construct the Cayley table of ℤ7 over the operation of multiplication.

2. Find the inverse, if any, of the following:
a. 4 (𝑚𝑜𝑑 7)
b. 8 (𝑚𝑜𝑑 10)
c. 9 (𝑚𝑜𝑑 13)
d. 11 (𝑚𝑜𝑑 17)
e. 3 (𝑚𝑜𝑑 12)
3. Solve for 𝑥 in the linear congruence 3𝑥 + 2 ≡ 5𝑥 + 4 (𝑚𝑜𝑑 11)
4. Prove that if 𝑎 ≡ 𝑏 (𝑚𝑜𝑑 𝑚) and 𝑐 ≡ 𝑑 (𝑚𝑜𝑑 𝑚), then 𝑎𝑐 ≡ 𝑏𝑑(𝑚𝑜𝑑 𝑚)

Chinese Remainder Theorem

5. The three children in a family have feet that are 5 inches, 7 inches, and 9 inches long. When they
measure the length of the dining room of their house using their feet, they each find that there are 3
inches left over. How long is the dining room?

Number Theoretic Functions

6. Consider the number 𝑛 = 1764
a. How many numbers are relatively prime to 𝑛?
b. How many divisors does 𝑛 have?
c. What is the sum of the divisors of 𝑛?
7. Find the remainder when 31001 is divided by
a. 15
b. 19

Prepared by:

NARGLORIC C. UTANES
Instructor II
ID No.: Date:
Subject: Number Theory Exam:

Item No. _____

Page ____ of ____