SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM -

The Electronic Structure Of Atom

ESSAY QUESTION
FORM 4
CHAPTER 2 : THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM
STRUKTUR ATOM
SUBTOPIC : The Electronic Structure Of Atom
Susunan Elektron Bagi Atom

1 Diagram 1 shows an atom of element X.

The letter used is not the actual symbol of the element.

DIAGRAM 1

a) Describe the atom shown in Diagram 1

b) Another atom of element X has 2 neutrons
i) Compare this atom with the atom in Diagram 1
[4 marks]
A
ii) Write the symbol for this atom in the form of Z X
[2 marks]
Graph 2 shows the heating curve of element X.

GRAPH 2
c) Describe Graph 2 in terms of states of matter, particle arrangements and changes in
energy.
[10 marks]

2. (a) Carbon-14 is one isotope of carbon. It has 8 neutrons.

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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM -
The Electronic Structure Of Atom

Karbon-14 adalah satu isotop karbon. Ia mempunyai 8 neutron.

(i) Draw and describe the atomic structure of carbon-14.

Lukis dan huraikan struktur atom bagi karbon-14.

Aras sederhana [4 marks/ markah]

(ii) Give one example of another

isotope of carbon.
A
State the number of neutron in
the isotope. Z X
Write the symbol of the isotope
in the form
Berikan satu contoh lain isotop
karbon.
A
Nyatakan bilangan neutron
dalam isotop itu. Z X
Tuliskan simbol bagi isotop itu
dalam bentuk
Aras sederhana [3 marks/ markah]

(b) Diagram below shows the set-up of apparatus to determine the melting point of
naphthalene.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menentukan takat lebur
naftalena.

Naphthalene
Naftalena

Substance X
Bahan X

The Table below shows the melting point and boiling point of naphthalene, substance
P and substance Q.
Jadual menunjukkan takat lebur dan takat didih bagi naftalena, bahan P dan bahan
Q.

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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM -
The Electronic Structure Of Atom

Substance Melting point Boiling point

Bahan Takat lebur (ºC) Takat didih (ºC)
Naphthalene
80 218
Naftalena
P 0 100

Q -97 65

Which substance P or Q is suitable to be used as substance X in Diagram

above. Explain your answer.
Bahan yang manakah P atau Q adalah sesuai digunakan sebagai bahan X
dalam Rajah di atas. Terangkan jawapan anda.
Aras tinggi [2 marks/ markah]

(ii) Explain why naphthalene is not heated directly with a Bunsen burner.
Terangkan mengapa naftalena tidak dipanaskan secara teus dengan penunu
Bunsen.
Aras tinggi [1 mark/ markah]

The Graph below shows the cooling curve of naphthalene.

Graf di bawah menunjukkan lengkung penyejukan bagi naftalena.

Temperature, ° C
Suhu

Freezing point
Takat beku 80

Time, s
t1 t2 t3 t4 Masa

Describe the Graph above in terms of states of matter, particle arrangements

and changes in energy.

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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM -
The Electronic Structure Of Atom

Huraikan Graf di atas dari segi keadaan jirim, susunan zarah dan perubahan
tenaga yang berlaku semasa proses penyejukan.
Aras sederhana [10 marks/ markah]