© 2019 IJRAR March 2019, Volume 6, Issue 1 www.ijrar.

org (E-ISSN 2348-1269, P- ISSN 2349-5138)

SMART SAFETY HELMET

1
K.Sai Sampath, 2Belvin Benny, 3K.Avinash, 4M.Rama krishna
123
Students Deparrtment of EEE, ALIET, Andhra Pradesh, India.
4
Assistant Professor of Department EEE, ALIET, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Abstract :

An accident is an unexpected and fearful situation which can occur because of innumerable reasons. Careless driving is the major
reason for such accidents. Even with a lot of road safety rules, accidents don't seem to have come to an end. In most of the
countries wearing a helmet is recommended by the law and in many places, they are not strictly followed. To overcome this
situation we are introducing a smart protection technique. Sma.S.H., which ensures the rider a safe journey. This system has
promising features like alcohol restriction, impact distress information, and enhanced sound amplification system.

This life-saving technology will ensure the safe journey of the user.

I. Introduction
SMA.S.H. is the short version of 'Smart Safety Helmet'.
Helmets are usually recommended to bike riders for their safety. Through this project of ours, we try to incorporate a new,
developed and smart solution to head injuries occurring in bike accidents. In this project, the helmet acts as the transmitting part
and bike work as the receiving part. The signals generated in the helmet is transmitted to the bike with the help of RF Transmitter
and the RF Receiver fixed to the bike receives the signal and controls the bike and thus it's possible to avoid drunk n drive, make
sure the person has worn his helmet and also to get him the required help in case of any accidents.
In this paper, each component used is explained in detail with the necessary diagrams and circuits

Arduino Board:

Arduino board is the heart of this project and all the components are connected to it. In this project, two Arduino boards are used an
Arduino Uno and a Nano. The Arduino Nano is fixed to the helmet and used for sending signals to the bike. The bike has an
Arduino Uno connected to it, which receives and processes the information received from the helmet. The components connected
to Arduino are MQ3 sensor, push button., RF transmitter, RF receiver, piezo Vibration sensor And GSM module, Motor, and LCD
display.
The connections to the Arduino board are as shown below

Fig1: Arduino Connections

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MQ3 Sensor:

MQ3 sensor is used for alcohol detection, this sensor has a smooth and faster response and can detect the presence of alcohol
from 0.05 mg/L to 10 mg/L. The operating voltage of this sensor is 5V.
SnO2 is used as the sensitive material in the sensor, which has a lower conductivity in thin air and with the increase in the
concentration of alcohol the conductivity also increases. MQ3 sensor is highly sensitive to alcohol and has good resistance to
smoke, vapour and gas. The sensor can provide both analogue and digital output. The MQ3 sensor is connected to the Arduino
Nano and then to the RF Transmitter. The Bike engine will start only after the sensor detects zero alcohol presence. The sensor is
placed near the mouth of the rider for much efficient performance. The figure below shows the connections of the MQ3 sensor to
the Arduino and also the functional block diagram

Fig(2a):Arduino to MQ3 sensor

Fig(2b):MQ3 sensor block diagram

Push Button:

The push button is one of the crucial parts of this project, it ensures that the rider has worn his helmet by acting as a switch.
The push button is placed at the top part of the helmet in a way that the push button gets pushed only when the helmet is placed
properly on the head. The helmet then sends a signal to the bike allowing to start the engine, the bike turns off immediately as the
helmet is removed thus it's not possible to start the bike without wearing the helmet. A backup facility is placed on the bike in
case of any damage to the circuit or when the battery charge is less.
The push button is connected to the Arduino Nano and then to the RF Transmitter. The connection diagram is as shown below

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Piezo Vibration sensor:

This sensor comes in handy when we have sense sudden shock or pressure. In this project, the piezo vibration sensor is used to
detect the accident. The pressure caused when the helmet hits somewhere is recognized by the sensor, as this sensor converts the
mechanical pressure into electrical output.
The sensor is connected wirelessly to a GSM Module placed in the bike. In case of an accident, a signal is transmitted from the
piezo vibration sensor to the GSM Module with the help of RF Transmitter and Receiver. The GSM Module immediately sends a
message to a few emergency numbers indicating that the rider has met with an accident.
The connection diagram of the vibration sensor to the Arduino is as shown below.

Fig(3): Piezo vibration sensor

Fig(3a): Block diagram of Piezo vibration sensor

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GSM Module:

The GSM module is connected to the bike in order to send messages to an emergency number when an accident takes place
The module receives information from the piezo vibration sensor through an RF transmitter and receiver. The module requires a
+5v supply and is compatible with Arduino. A Sim card is installed to the module, which is used to send the message. In this
project, the message will be sent to the nearest hospital and also to the person's relatives and thus making sure he gets immediate
treatment. A GPS module can also be added to this helmet to inform the exact location of the accident.
GSM module has other applications such as Home automation, security systems and vehicle tracking and they are mostly used to
create a wireless communication between microcontrollers and other devices and instruments. The connection diagram of a GSM
module to Arduino is as shown below.

Fig(4): GSM Module

CONCLUSION:
The smart helmet is a one-stop solution for bike accidents caused by not wearing the helmet. The Technologies used in this
helmet like the alcohol sensor and vibration sensor can be very helpful and also life-saving. This system is very easy to use and
cost effective.

REFERENCES

[1] Hemendra Kumar, Mohit Kumar, Pratik Kumar, Mahiban Lindsay.” SMART HELMET FOR TWO WHEELER DRIVERS”
International Journal of Engineering Research And Advanced Technology (IJERAT) ISSN: 2454-6135 [Volume. 02 Issue.05,
May-2016]
[2] www.arduino.cc
[3] www.github.com

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