Chapters 8-10 Exam Review Questions

Exam Review Questions

Chapters 8-10

1. Statement (a) is incorrect because the Central Limit Theorem applies to X . The population
might not be normal and taking a larger sample of observations will not make the sample
normal.
Statements b and c are correct.

2. a. Consistent
b. Efficient
c. Unbiased

3. a. Not true. We should use z instead of t when we do not know σ.

b. True. It is conservative to use t whenever σis unknown,regardless of n.
c. Not true. Using t instead of z widens the confidence interval.

s
4. a. d.f.= 8, t.025= 2.306, so x �t gives(13.14 ,16.36)
n
b. Use t instead of z because you don’t know σ.

p (1 - p )
5 a. n = 200, z = 1.96, p = 28/200 = .14,so p �z gives (.092 , .188)
n
b. np= 28 > 10 and n (1 −p) = 172 > 10.
2
�z �
c. Using z = 1.645 and E =±.03 the formula n = � �p (1 - p ) gives n = 363 (using p = .14
�E �
for πfrompreliminary sample) or n = 752 (using π = .50 if wewant to be very
conservative)

.05(1 - .05)
6. a. True. = .05
100
b. True. Assuming π = .50 gives the greatest size sample.
c. Not true. Normality may be assumed becausenp= 17.5 > 10 and n(1−p)=232.5> 10.

7. b. Type I error is rejecting a true H0.

8. b. z.025= ± 1.960

9. a. H0: µ≥ $ 56, H1: µ< .56.

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Chapters 8-10 Exam Review Questions

55.82 - 56
= = -1.636
b. Using x = 55.82, σ= 0.75 (known), and n = 49, weget zcalc 0.75 .
49
c. z.05= −1.645.
d. Fail to reject (but a very close decision)

10. a. H0: µ≤ 60, H1: µ>60.

67 - 60
= = 2.333.
b. Using x = 67, s = 12, and n = 16, we get tcalc 12
16
c. For d.f.=n − 1 = 15, t.025=2.131.
d. RejectH0.

11. a. True. The level of significance αis the probability of committing Type I error.
b. True. As the sample size increases, critical values of t.05 increasebecause the
d.f.increase, gradually approaching z.05.
c. Not true. When σis unknown, it is conservative to use z.05 instead of t.05 in a hypothesis
test for µ. It is not conservative becausez is greater than t, all other things being equal.

.87 - .85
= = 1.252
12. a. H0: π≤ .85, H1: π> .85, p = 435/500 = .87,zcalc .85(1 - .85) , z.05=1.645.
500
Because 1.252 < 1.645 there is not a significant increase.
b. nπ = (500)(.85) = 425 > 10 andn (1 − π) = (500)(.15) = 75 > 10.

13. a. Independent samples, unknown variances, tcalc= 22.034 (regardless whether equal or
unequalvariances assumed);
b. two-tailed test, t.025= 62.0739 (if equal variancesassumed, d.f.= 22) or t.025= 62.0796 (if
unequalvariances assumed, d.f. 5 21);
c. Reject H0: µ1=µ2 in favor of H1: µ1≠µ2.

14. H0: π1≤π2, H1: π1>π2, p1= 150/200 = .75,p2= 140/200 = .70, p = .725, zcalc= 1.120, z.025=
1.96. Colorado is not significantly greater.

15. a. Paired t-test

b. d.f.=n −1 =4, left-tailed test, t.10=−1.533
c. tcalc=−1.251 >−1.533. Fail to reject H0. Second exam scores are not significantly
greater.

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Chapters 8-10 Exam Review Questions

16. a. Not true. Ceteris paribus, a larger p-value makes it more likely that H0 will not be
rejected.
b. True. The p-value shows the risk of Type I error if we reject H0 when H0 is true.
c. True. In making a decision, we compare the p-value with the desired level of
significance α.

17. a. Fcalc=s12/s22 = (142)/(72) =4.00.

b. α/2 = .05/2 = .025, FL= 0.2123 (d.f.= 7, 11)and FR= 3.7586 (d.f.=7, 11). Reject H0: σ12 =
σ22.