ULD Regulations Workshop

Doha 11 March 2013

Welcome and Introduction

Sponsored by:
LIAO, Zhi Yong 廖志勇
IATA Cargo
ULD Panel and Subgroups

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3
Today’s ULD Operations

Regulated

Un-regulated Un-regulated
5
6
 Next Steps
↗ Create ULD Training Task Force
↗ Establish IATA ULD standard training programs
↗ Integrate ULDR requirements into IOSA/ISAGO/IGOM
↗ Liaise with ICAO, EASA and CAAs
↗ Cooperate with ISO/SAE
↗ Create the ULD control receipt (UCR/LUC) in XML format
↗ Promote the use of IATA standard ULD ID Codes
↗ Your wish list?

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 ULD in the air

An introduction to ULD Regulations workshop

WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 1 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon

Accidents caused by ULDs do occur
and severe damage to aircraft much more often
 Primary concern: restraint
Ê The essential function of all ULDs in the air is: cargo
restraint!

WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 3 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon

 Nearly as important: contour

Maintaining the 
maximum contour 
throughout flight
also is essential

WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 3 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon

The too often overlooked reality is :
ULDs in flight are part of the aircraft

Ê Aircraft flight safety regulations also apply, as for

any other aircraft part, and are defined in:
Ê ICAO Annex 6, Operation of aircraft
Ê ICAO Annex 8, Airworthiness of aircraft
Ê and the derived national CAA regulations

WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 3 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon

Examples of applicable national CAA regulations:
State / Authority China Europe Japan USA
CAAC EASA JCAB FAA
Area concerned

Airworthiness
Aircraft airworthiness CCAR-25 CS-25 14 CFR Part 25
Standard Part 3

ULD design / tests

CTSO C90 ETSO C90 JTSO C90 TSO C90
and approval

Carrier certification and Civil Aeronautics Act

CCAR-121 EU-OPS 1 14 CFR Part 121
operations Chap VI & VII

CCAR-43 EASA Part M Civil Aeronautics Act 14 CFR Part 43

Maintenance of approved
equipment CCAR-145 EASA Part 145 Art 20 14 CFR Part 145

(technical requirements of regulations in most cases identical)

WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 4 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon
ULDs specific guidance
Ê All these are applicable but general regulations
Ê The only regulatory guidance material specific to ULDs is:

FAA Advisory Circular AC 120-85 of 2005

Air cargo operations
developed after a major accident where cargo operations
and ULDs were instrumental.

WCS 2013 Regulation track – ULD / 5 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon

 Excerpts from AC 120-85
220. TYPES OF ULDS AND OTHER RESTRAINT DEVICES.
a. Certified ULDs. Certified ULDs should meet the requirements of TSO-C90, Cargo Pallets, Nets, and
Containers; STC requirements, if applicable; or other FAA-approved certification requirements. The air
carrier should have on file an FAA approval letter, certificate, or other certifying document, such as a
conformance certificate provided by the ULD equipment manufacturer, for all of its certified ULDs.
b. Uncertified ULDs. The air carrier should have documentation from the ULD equipment manufacturer
stating to which design criteria the ULD is manufactured. These design criteria may be industry
standards such as Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Aerospace Standard (AS) 1677, General
Requirements for Uncertified Cargo/Baggage Containers; International Standards Organization (ISO)
publication no. 4118, Non-certified Lower-deck Containers for Air Transport; International Air Transport
Association (IATA) ULD Technical Manual (UTM) 50/7; or other FAA-accepted standard.
c. Cargo Nets. Most air carrier weight and balance manuals recognize a TSO cargo pallet/net as a primary
restraint for unitized cargo. A cargo net is the only restraint device that conforms to the shape of the
cargo while providing restraint in all directions so that the load is spread to the net fittings and pallet
edge rails. Deviation from the use of approved cargo pallet/net as a primary restraint may require the
cargo to be airplane compartment restrained, if loaded in a compartment certified for compartment
restraint, or restrained by cargo straps or other approved devices as provided in the airplane’s weight
and balance manual or STC supplemental weight and balance manual. The air carrier manual should
have policies and procedures in place to address this issue.
 Excerpts from AC 120-85 (contd)
221. DETERMINING IF A ULD IS COMPATIBLE WITH THE AIRPLANE IT IS TO BE LOADED ON. It is critical
to the safety of flight for the air carrier to have procedures in place to confirm that each ULD loaded
aboard an airplane is compatible with the airplane regardless of whether the air carrier or a vendor of
the air carrier owns the ULD. Not all ULDs are FAA-approved as compatible with all airplanes. Therefore,
an air carrier should have procedures to:
a. Ensure certified and uncertified ULDs are compatible with the airplane and do not present a hazard to
the airplane.
b. Ensure uncertified ULDs meet either UTM 50/7, AS 1677, or ISO 4118, or another FAA-accepted
standard.
c. Inform employees and vendors loading airplanes converted from passenger to all-cargo by an STC that
it could be subject to ULD requirements that differ from other STC conversions or production airplane
configurations in the air carrier fleet.
f. Ensure approved ULD limitations are maintained in the manual. An air carrier should base these
limitations on data from applicable airplane weight and balance manuals, STC supplemental weight and
balance manuals, or other FAA-approved sources. The limitations should identify which ULDs are
compatible with specific airplanes and should be easily accessible by all affected persons.

223. PURCHASE OF AN UNCERTIFIED ULD. When purchasing new or used uncertified ULDs, the air
carrier should:
a. Obtain the manufacturer’s current CMMs and illustrated parts list, subsequent manual revisions,
service letters, or SBs.
b. Verify that the manufacturer establishes clearly defined and tested serviceability limits in accordance
with IATA, SAE, or ISO standards.
 Excerpts from AC 120-85 (contd)
227. PROCEDURES FOR MAINTAINING AND REPAIRING ULDs. An air carrier should have procedures for
the maintenance and repair of certified and uncertified ULDs. The procedures should be the same for
both types of ULDs, except for establishing appropriate damage limits and specific repair procedures.
230. RETURNING A ULD TO SERVICE. An air carrier should have procedures for repairing unserviceable
ULDs and approving them for return to service. As required by part 43, only appropriately trained and
FAA-certificated airmen are authorized to return a ULD to service. The airmen should return ULD
equipment to service under the requirements of the applicable CMM or air carrier instructions. FAA-
approved repair stations operating under 14 CFR part 145 should return ULDs to service in accordance
with air carrier procedures.
237. PERFORMING CHECKS BEFORE USING ULDS OR OTHER CARGO RESTRAINT DEVICES. An air
carrier should perform an operational check for damage before using ULDs (that is, movement or
buildup) and other restraint devices, and a final serviceability check before loading cargo aboard the
airplane.
238. PURPOSE OF OPERATIONAL CHECKS. Operational checks are not intended to determine a ULD’s
airworthiness. Instead, they are performed to ensure the ULD or other restraint devices do not have
obvious damage greater than their damage limits. An air carrier should not use ULDs or other restraint
devices with damage greater than damage limits specified.
239. INDIVIDUALS WHO MAY PERFORM OPERATIONAL CHECKS. FAA-certificated airmen do not have to
perform operational checks. Air carriers should train, qualify, and authorize personnel to perform
serviceability checks. The air carrier procedures should identify who performs these checks and when.
(and much more …)
 Four main regulated fields

Ê Aircraft type approval

(Type Certificate, Weight & Balance Manual = W&BM)

Ê Airline / carrier approval (Air Operator Certificate = AOC)

Ê ULD design approval (TSO authorization or STC)
Ê Continued airworthiness (inspection, maintenance)

WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 6 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon

 1. Aircraft type approval
Ê Each aircraft is certified (Type Certificate, STC) by
one or several authorities
Ê This includes approval of its Weight & Balance
Manual, that defines what is allowable or not as
regards aircraft loading
Ê The W&BM forms the basis for carriers to develop the
required Operating Instructions
WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 7 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon
2. Carrier approval
Ê Each carrier’s operation is approved and controlled
by its CAA under an Air Operator Certificate (AOC)
Ê The AOC and regulations require the carrier to
maintain appropriate Operating Instructions
Ê The AOC holds the carrier responsible even when its
operations are sub-contracted

WCS 2013 Regulation track – ULD /8 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon

 3. ULD approval
Ê Certified ULDs design and airworthiness are
approved by the CAA under Technical Standard
Order (TSO) C90, or more seldom a Supplemental
Type Certificate (STC), marked on the unit
Ê Contrary to frequent misconceptions, «Non-certified»
containers also need approval, but indirectly, by
meeting requirements of the approved W&BM, under
carrier responsibility
WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 9 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon
4. Continued airworthiness (ICA)
Ê The ULD manufacturer must provide an approved Component
Maintenance Manual (CMM)
Ê The ULD must be inspected prior to loading, and may be
loaded only if it is in a condition meeting CMM (ODLN)
minimum requirements
Ê If not, it must be repaired by an authorized agent and re-
approved prior to return to service

WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 10 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon

 How does it all fit together ?

WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 11 Presented by: Jean‐Jacques Machon
 Who is responsible / liable ?
Ê The manufacturer, for demonstrating to the Authority
that the ULD meets the applicable requirements, and
justifying the contents of the CMM, including damage
limits
Ê The operator/carrier, for … everything else ! Its
mandatory Operating Manual and quality control are
the keys.

WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 12 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon

The industry’s problem
Ê But can the operator/carrier do everything ?
Ê In today’s world, most ULD activities are performed by
other parties: shippers, cargo terminal operators,
ground services providers, forwarders, brokers, sales
agents, ground transportation providers …
Ê All are supposed to work under the carrier’s Operating
Instructions, but how many carriers ?
WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 13 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon
Industry’s solution:
a single set of regulations
for all parties involved
conforming to all legally
applicable regulations

WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 14 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon

Who can the ULDR help ?
All industry stakeholders:
Ê Carriers
Ê Airport cargo & ramp handling organizations
Ê Forwarders & cargo agents
Ê Shippers & consignees who handle ULDs
Ê ULD manufacturers & repair agencies
Ê and … the Authorities themselves !

WCS 2013 ULD workshop /15 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon

 Carriers will be able to:
Ê Reduce their Operations Manual to specific data,
W&BM derived and other if needed
Ê Satisfy sub-contractors training requirements
through IATA approved training programs
Ê Satisfy their sub-contractors quality control
obligations through ULDR compliance checks that
can be mutualized

WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 16 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon

Cargo terminal and ground handlers:
Ê Can have a single ULD operating requirements set
instead of as many as customer airlines, except for
specific data derived from W&BM
Ê Can use a single IATA endorsed training and
qualification program for all their customers
Ê Can improve quality and develop systematic quality
control on known bases
WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 17 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon
 ULD manufacturers can:
Ê Refer for design to more precise ULD technical
requirements common to all customer airlines
Ê Use industry approved operating conditions
Ê Ease Component Maintenance Manual (CMM)
development and definition of intended use where legally required
Ê Overall, benefit from better defined liability

WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 18 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machonn

 What’s new in the ULDR ?
The ULDR are much more than revamping the former
IATA ULD Technical Manual. Additions include :
ÊList of the applicable airworthiness regulations
ÊOperators & others regulatory responsibilities
ÊTraining requirements for all parties concerned
(contd)

WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 19 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon

Ê Aircraft limitations
Ê Procedures for repairs
Ê Revised ULD general technical requirements
Ê Revised and new Technical Specifications
Ê Operating Specifications intended to be used by carriers to develop their
own Operations Manual, or by handlers who do not have any

Ê Handling guidelines

WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 20 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon

 And what is to come ?
Enhanced 2nd edition will include:
Ê New Technical Specifications
Ê New Operating Specifications
Ê Improved more user friendly layouts
All improvement suggestions are welcome

WCS 2013 Regulation track – ULD / 21 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon

 Last but not least: training
Training is the essential component. To support the
ULDR, IATA plans to develop for 2014 :
ÊULD training programs in modules fitting the various
functions and jobs
Êincluding « Train the trainer » for instructors
Êaccreditations / endorsements for training schools
and carriers courses

WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 22 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon

Some suggested workshop discussions
Ê Feedback on ULDR 1st edition’s sections
Ê Can ULDR Operating Specifications be directly used
for carriers Operations Manuals ?
Ê Which additional OS would be priorities ?
Ê What about a standard format for aircraft or carrier
specific data, e.g. W&BM ?
(contd)

WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 22 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon

Ê Is some form of ULD registration needed to keep SS
o
40/1 Appendix A updated, and how ?
Ê Would one-page factsheets for most common ULD
types be a help ?
Ê What relationship is sought between ULDR and
training material ?

WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 22 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon

 Thank you for your patience,
and have a safe flight home !
WCS 2013 ULD workshop / 23 Presented by: Jean-Jacques Machon
ULD on the Ground- Ensuring
Continued Airworthiness
IATA ULD Regulations Workshop
Doha March 11 2013
Ê Part 1-Background for the IATA ULD
Regulations
Ê Part 2- Features of the IATA ULD
Regulations
Ê Part 3- Applying the IATA ULD
Regulations - Ensuring Continued
Airworthiness

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Part 1.
Background of the
IATA ULD
Regulations
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41
42
ULD and Risk

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44
45
Part 2.Features of
the IATA ULD
Regulations
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 Airworthiness & Flight Safety Regulations

Air Operator Certificate Any party involved in

Airlines shall comply with ULD operations shall
civil aviation regulations to comply with civil
ensure safety operations. aviation regulations.

Bridging the Gap

The Air Cargo
CAAs Airlines ULD Regulations
Industry*
* Shipper, Cargo Sales Agent, Freight Forwarder, Ground Transportation Service Provider, Ground Service Provider, Cargo Terminal
Operator, Airport, Consignee, ULD OEMs, ULD Repair Station, ULD Pooling/ Leasing Provider, Post Office, CAA, etc.
Force for Change

OUT IN
Ê Tribal Knowledge Ê Clarity
Ê Make Do Ê Definitions
Ê Get By Ê Reliability
Ê Good enough Ê Standards
Ê Unpredictability Ê Repeatability

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 Deliverables
BACK OFFICE BENEFITS OPERATIONAL BENEFITS
Ê ULD airworthiness compliance Ê Control of damage/injury to
Ê Ready made standard for Ê Personnel
reference in: Ê ULD
Ê Procedures manuals Ê Aircraft
Ê Handling and other contractual Ê Cargo
agreements Ê Enhanced reliability in ULD
Ê Global training standard and operations
content. Ê Seamless asset control
Ê ULD Regulations integrated into
other IATA documents and
processes
Ê ISAGO
Ê IGOM
Ê IOSA

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 ÊSection 8-Documentation

New Material ÊOperational documentation (

Transfer of ULD)
ÊDocumentation supplied with
new ULD and Spare Parts
Ê Sections 1-Applicability
ÊULD Repair station
Ê Operator’s Responsibilities
documentation
Ê Other Parties’ Responsibilities
ÊRequirement for Operating
Ê Training Requirements Instructions to be contained in
Ê Section 2-Limitations CMM
Ê Build up and loading limitations ÊSection 9- Handling
Ê Other limitations ÊGeneral
Ê Section 3-Classification ÊContinuing Airworthiness
Ê Certified ULD ÊStorage of ULD
Ê Non Certified ULD ÊTransport and Movement in ULD
Ê ULD accessories
Operations area
Ê Section 7-ULD Operating Specifications ÊTransport and Movement of
ULD- On Airport
Ê ULD acceptance standards
ÊTransport and Movement of
Ê Aircraft containers operation
ULD-Off Airport
Ê ULD weighing
ÊTransfer of ULD
Ê ULD C of G control
ÊBuildup and Breakdown of ULD
Ê ULD protection wrapping
ÊRequirements for special
purpose ULD

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 Structure follows IATA Dangerous Goods layout
IATA ULD Regulations
Ê Section 1- Applicability
Ê Section 2- Limitations
Ê Section 3- Classification
Ê Section 4- ULD Identification
Ê Section 5-Technical
specifications
Ê Section 6-ULD Operating
specifications
Ê Section 7- ULD Marking
Ê Section 8 – Documentation and
Message specifications
Ê Section 9- Handling
Ê Section 10-Technical
recommendations
IATA Dangerous Goods
Regulations
Ê Section 1- Applicability
Ê Section 2- Limitations
Ê Section 3- Classification
Ê Section 4- Identification
Ê Section 5-Packing
Ê Section 6-Packaging specifications and
performance tests
Ê Section 7- Marking and labeling
Ê Section 8 – Documentation
Ê Section 9- Handling
Ê Section 10-Radioactive material
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Part 3.
Ê Applying the IATA ULD Regulations - Ensuring
Continued Airworthiness
Ê 1. Training
Ê 2. Responsibility
Ê 3. Handling
Ê 4. Others

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1.6Training

KEY

1.Training 1. Operating staff employed by such organizations but not directly involved in any ULD
handling;
2. Operating staff involved in ULD handling;
3. Staff employed in a supervisory and/or administrative position;
4. Staff responsible for management of ULD operations;
5. As applicable to the responsibilities of the staff in accordance with 1.6.2.

Notes: 1) Training requirements apply to wholly employed or contracted personnel.

2) The organizations and categories of personnel identified in Table 1.6.A are not all
encompassing. Personnel employed by or interacting with the aviation industry in areas
such as General Sales Agent (GSA) and General Sales and Service Agent (GSSA),
except when acting in a capacity identified in Table 1.6.A, should be provided with ULD
training in accordance with 1.6.2.
3) See hereafter for training levels required and summarized description of contents of the
ULD Regulations Sections.
4) A subjects based minimum training syllabus is provided in Table 1.6.B for application.

Level Description. Staff category

ULD Awareness Awareness training for persons working around ULD 1, 5
ULD Basic Basic training for persons working with ULD 2
ULD Intermediate Comprehensive training of all operational aspects of ULD 3
ULD Management Complete training of all Regulations 4

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 Organizations
Organizations directly involved in Organizations owning
indirectly involved in
ULD operations ULD
ULD operations

ULD Regulations
Airport Authorities,
sections
Operators, Operators, ULD Customs Authorities,
Applicability
Ground Handlers, Freight forwarders, Leasing / Rental Aircraft manufacturers,
1) 2) 3) Post Offices, Shippers & consignees, service providers, ULD CLS manufacturers,
Ground transportation services Outsourcing service ULD manufacturers,
providers, etc... providers, etc... ULD Repair stations,
etc...

See KEY 1 2 3 4 5
1. Applicability of
ULD X X X X X
Regulations

2..Limitations X X X X
3. Classification X X X X X
4. Identification X X X X
5. Technical
Specifications X X

6. Operating
Specifications X X X X

7. Marking and
labelling X X X

8. Documentation X X X

9. Handling X X X X X
10. Unitization X X

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 Operators ( Airlines)

2. Responsibilities
Operators
Ê 1.4.2 Specific Responsibilities
Ê STATE VARIATIONS: none.
Ê OPERATOR VARIATIONS: none.
Ê As specifically regards Unit Load Devices, carriers (operators) responsibilities include ensuring that:
(a) all Unit Load Devices to be loaded aboard aircraft are Authority approved or conform to alternate specific rules stated in the aircraft's Weight & Balance Manual;
(b)new units are subjected to a First Article Inspection (FAI) prior to being put in service in order to verify their conformity with airworthiness approval and industry
specifications;
( c) where a pallet and net are used, they are compatible with each other;
(d) each Unit Load Device is inspected prior to and after build-up, and a Unit Load Device in a non-airworthy condition is not loaded aboard an aircraft;
(e) all applicable limitations and restrictions are met, including nature of contents, weight and load distribution, maximum allowable damage, and any aircraft specific
rules;
(f) any special load items are identified and dealt with in accordance with the Rules. Any dangerous goods shall be accepted and loaded in full compliance with the IATA
Dangerous Goods Regulations;
(g) the maximum Unit Load Device centre of gravity offset limits are not exceeded;
(h) all items of load are adequately restrained inside / on the Unit Load Device;
(i) the applicable Security and Customs control requirements are met;
(j) the Unit Load Device is weighed with the required accuracy prior to being loaded on an aircraft, and the weight is transmitted to Load Control in order to be taken into
account in the flight's loading documents;
(k) the Unit Load Device tag is signed after closure and weighing by a qualified responsible agent;
(l) the Unit Load Device is handled and stored during ground handling and transportation on appropriate equipment and with appropriate methods so that no damage
occurs;
(m) the Unit Load Device is loaded on a compatible aircraft position and meets all limitations and restrictions applicable to that position;
(n) Unit Load Device repairs are performed by qualified staff in accordance with applicable general civil aviation rules and repair procedures defined through its Authority
approval, and a release certificate is delivered and filed to confirm the unit is airworthy again;
(o) all personnel and supervising personnel in charge of any of the above receives appropriate training;
Ê (p) the necessary instructions are provided to all sub-contractors or other parties that either handle, transport or build-up the Unit Load Devices of the carrier
(operator);
Ê (q) an operational Quality Control system is maintained by the carrier (operator) to monitor the effectiveness of the above, and performs regular audits at the
locations concerned.

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Other Parties’ Responsibilities
A. Top Level Authorities
Ê Civil Aviation Authorities
Ê Airports
Ê Customs
Responsible for providing an operating environment for ULD that
recognizes and supports compliance and best operating
practices for ULD across the entire airline and air cargo industry

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3/17/2013
B. Manufacturers and Support Providers
Ê Aircraft/Cargo Loading System Manufacturers
Ê Unit Load Devices Manufacturers
Ê Unit Load Devices Repair Stations
Ê Unit Load Devices Services Providers
Responsible for providing products and services
for ULD that enable compliance and best
operating practices for ULD across the entire
airline and air cargo industry
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3/17/2013
C. Participants in Air Cargo Operations
Ê Cargo Terminal Providers
Ê Ground Service Providers
Ê Freight Forwarders/ Customs Brokers
Ê Cargo Sales Agents
Ê Post offices
Ê Shippers
Ê Consignees
Ê Ground Transportation Service Providers
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3/17/2013
 Operational responsibilities
Ê Fulfill specified operators responsibilities where
contracted and required to do so by the operator
Ê Meet the training requirements of the ULD Regulations
Ê Meet the ULD storage requirements of the ULD
Regulations
Ê Provide access to their operations for audit by operators.
Ê Additionally recommended to have ISO 9001 or
equivalent
* Do not apply to all functions, see ULD Regulations for specific
requirements
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3/17/2013
1.4 Responsibilities
 

Simplified chart of Operator and Other Parties Responsibilities extracted  from the IATA ULD Regulations 
   

Operator 
 Operators 
Cargo Terminal 
Handlers 
Ground  
Customs Brokers 
forwarders / 
Freight 
Agents 
Cargo Sales 

Post Offices 

Shippers 

Consignees  
Service Providers 
Transportation 
Ground 
  The table below contains a condensed version of IATA ULD Regulations Section 1.4 Operator’s Responsibilities and 1.5 Other Parties’
Responsibilities. For the purpose of this presentation the contents is condensed and is for illustration purposes only, refer to the actual 
publication for the full contents of Operator and Other Parties’ responsibilities. Responsibilities for Civil Aviation Authorities, 
Aircraft/Cargo Loading Systems Manufacturers, Unit Load Device Manufacturers, Unit Load Devices Repair Station, Unit Load Device 
Services Providers are not shown for sake of brevity. Airport responsibilities are shown separately. 
 
a  All ULD to be loaded aboard aircraft are Authority Approved or  X
conform to the alternate specific rules stated in the aircraft WBM 
b  New units are subject to an FAI before entering service  X
c  Where a pallet and net are used they are compatible with each  X X X  X
other 
d  Each ULD is inspected prior to and after build up and any ULD in  X X X  X X X
non‐ airworthy condition is not loaded aboard an aircraft 
e  All applicable limitations and restrictions are met including nature  X X X  X X X
of contents, weight and load  distribution, maximum allowable 
damage and any aircraft specific rules 
f  Any special load items are identified and dealt with in accordance  X X X  X X X
with the regulations 
g  The maximum ULD centre of gravity offset limits are not exceeded X X X  X X X
h  All units of load are adequately restrained inside/on the ULD X X X  X X X
j  The ULD is weighed with the required accuracy before being  X X X X  X X X
loaded on an aircraft and the weight is transmitted to load  
control. 
k  The ULD tag is signed after closure and weighing by a qualified  X X X  X X X
responsible agent 

60
 

   

Operator 
Terminal 
Cargo 
Handlers 
Ground  
Customs 
forwarders / 
Freight 
Agents 
Cargo Sales 

Post Offices 

Shippers 

Consignees  
n Service 
Transportatio
Ground 
l  The ULD is handled and stored during ground handling and  X X X  X X X X X
transportation on appropriate equipment and with appropriate 
methods so that no damage occurs 
m  The ULD is loaded on a compatible aircraft position and meets all  X X  
limitations and restrictions applicable to that position 
n  ULD Repairs are performed by qualified staff in accordance with  X  
applicable general civil aviation rules and a release certificate is 
delivered and filed to confirm the unit is airworthy again 
o  All personnel and supervising personnel in charge of any of the  X  
above receives appropriate training 
p  The necessary instructions are provided to all sub‐contractors and  X  
any other party that either handle, transport or build‐up the ULD 
of the carrier( operator) 
q  An operational QC system is maintained by the carrier ( operator)  X  
to monitor the effectiveness of the above and performs regular 
audits at the locations concerned. 
  The Operators instructions received from the carrier are filed,  X  
available and updated 
  All personnel and supervising personnel receives training  X X X  X X X
appropriate to the tasks performed. 
  Full access is guaranteed to enquiries or audits from the carriers  X X X  X X X
QC dept 
  Sufficient and proper ULD storage capacity is available X X X  X X X

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3. Handling
Ê Poor handling of ULD will almost certainly lead to
damage
Ê Damage to ULD will almost certainly lead to non
airworthiness
Ê A Non airworthy ULD is not acceptable for flight

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Ê Section 9 Handling
Ê Continuing Airworthiness
Ê Storage
Each Section split into:
Ê Transport & Movement in ULD
Operations Area ÊGeneral
Ê Transport and Movement of ULD-On ÊTraining Requirements
Airport ÊFacilities and Equipment
Ê Transport and Movement of ULD-Off ÊProcedures and Practices
Airport ÊExceptions
Ê Transfer of ULD ÊOthers
Ê Buildup and Breakdown
Ê Requirements for Special Purpose
ULD

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4. Others
Ê OEM Documentation
Ê AHM 911 (Appendix C)

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IATA ULD Regulations
Ê Comprehensive coverage of all aspects of ULD
management and operations in a single manual.
Ê Applicable to all air and ground ULD related activity
Ê A common design and operating standard for the entire
air cargo industry
Ê A vehicle for handling new developments

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3/17/2013
 Global, Industry Wide, Consistent
Airworthiness and Operational Serviceability
TRAINING
IATA ULD REGULATIONS

ONLYSERVICEABLE &
RESPONSIBILITIES AIRWORTHY ULD ON THE
AIRCRAFT

SPECIFICATIONS

PROCEEDURES

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Because ULD Hold up Half the Sky !

Thank You

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