0 Xmin X Xmax pmin p1 pmax

T t
Slope p1 (-ve)

Construction of tau-p Transform

 0 Xmin X Xmax pmin p1 p2= 0 pmax

T t

Slope p2
(=0)

Construction of tau-p Transform

 0 Xmin X Xmax pmin p1 p2= 0 p3 pmax

Slope p3 (+ve)

T t

Construction of tau-p Transform

 0 X Xmax 0 p pmax

T t

Point in T-X at X = 0 Horizontal line in t-p

 0 X Xmax 0 p pmax

T t

Dipping line in t-p

Point in T-X at X > 0 Dip = -Dp.X s/p-trace
 0 X Xmax 0 p pmax

T t

Line in T-X Point in t-p

 0 X Xmax 0 p 1/V pmax

T t

Hyperbola in T-X Ellipse in tau-p

X 2 t 2
p 2

TX  T0  2
2 2

V

t0 1 2
2
V
1
 X

P M1 M2
Z

Primary (P) and multiples (M1, M2, …) have

same p value.
Arrival times of multiples are multiples of
primary arrival time – i.e they are periodic.
Multiples with the same p value arrive at
offsets that are multiples of primary offset.
 0 p pmax 0 p pmax

t t

Travel-times for each Accumulated travel-times.

multiple are identical to As expected, multiples are
primary travel-time. periodic at each p value.
 0 1/V4 1/V3 1/V2 1/V1 pmax 0 1/V4 1/V3 1/V2 1/V1 pmax

V1

V2

t t
V3

V4

Accumulated travel-times.
Travel-times for each
Each curve intersects the
primary form an ellipse.
curve above at the Critical
Offset.
 It’s an Imperfect World
• The Radon transform assumes offsets
continue indefinitely in both directions
• A finite offset range introduces artefacts
• The ends of a curve, or line, that covers a
finite offset range act like points.
• These generate lines in t-p space with
slopes –Dp*Xmin and –Dp*Xmax,, respectively