VIERNES, ERICSON C.

CE-5B
CE-593

FERDINAND E MARCOS(1965-1986)
During his term (1965-1986) He put in the major trunk-line road networks
within the country, linking them from Luzon to the Visayas, and then to
Mindanao. These networks were essential in bringing down the cost of
transportation, thereby raising the prospects of commerce throughout the
affected regions of the country. In his two terms in office, he concentrated on a
network of roads, simply designed and inexpensive school buildings, and
irrigation systems that also built farm-to-market roads. He improved the older
networks of national roads that connected provinces, and rehabilitated them
with durable construction. A lot of these projects eased the transport
bottlenecks within provinces and across provinces, and improved intra-island
travels within the big islands. He linked these with airport constructions.
HERE ARE SOME EXAMPLES OF HIS PROJECTS.
 North Luzon Expressway
The North Luzon Expressway (NLE or NLEx), formerly known as the North
Diversion Road and Manila North Expressway (MNEX), is a 4 to 8-lane
limited-access toll expressway that connects Metro Manila to the
provinces of the Central Luzon region in the Philippines. It is a component
of Expressway 1 (E1) of the Philippine expressway network, Circumferential
Road 5 (C-5) and Radial Road 8 (R-8) of Manila's arterial road network. It
was built in the 1960s.
 San Juanico Bridge
A Part of the Pan-Philippine Highway, the San Juanico Bridge stretches
from Samar to Leyte across the San Juanico Strait in the Philippines. Its
longest length is a steel girder viaduct built on reinforced concrete piers,
and its main span is of an arch-shaped truss design. With a total length of
2.16 kilometers (1.34 mi), it is the longest bridge in the Philippines spanning
a body of seawater. Construction commenced in 1969 over San Juanico
Strait from Cabalawan, Tacloban City to the municipality of Santa Rita,
Samar, with completion in 1973.

CORAZON C AQUINO(1986-1992)
Although there are great projects completed and presented by Marcos,
Aquino still inherited a very distorted economy. The Philippines owed about
US$28 billion to foreign creditors. Borrowed money had not promoted
development, and most of it had been wasted on showcase projects along
Manila Bay. Emphasis was given to the integrated planning of airport and air
navigation facilities between government agencies and carrier operators. Most
accomplishments were in general airport improvement. Airport terminals were
constructed while runways were strengthened and extended. Modern air
navigation and communications facilities were installed in 52 airports and sites
while fire-rescue equipment were bought for 45 airports. Master plans for the
Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) and the Mactan International Airport
(MIA) were completed and approved along with a civil aviation masterplan. On
August 1988, Executive Order No. 333 was issued revoking the one-airline policy
allowing a healthy and regulated competition in the industry (Austria, 2000).

FIDEL V. RAMOS(1992-1998)
During his term activities or projects are intensification of transport safety
program, upgrading of NAIA and exploration of former military base lands for
use as potential site for transport-related industrial complexes.
Executive Order 219 (issued in 1995) deregulated the air transport industry
by eliminating restrictions on domestic routes and frequencies and government
controls on airfares. The following year four new airlines entered the market.
These were Cebu Pacific Air, Air Philippines, Asian Spirit and Mindanao Express.
As a result of lower airfares and more flights, domestic air travel grew rapidly.
However, although EO 219 called for the selection of two international carriers to
be official carriers for the country, PAL remained as the defacto official carrier.
Among the major infrastructure projects implemented were the Mactan-
Cebu, General Santos, Subic and Clark Airports. During this period, the first BOT
project in Philippine aviation, the NAIA International Passenger Terminal
(Terminal 3) was awarded to private investors. Safety in air travel was boosted
because of the completion of packages for air navigation
modernization projects.

JOSEPH EJERCITO ESTRADA(1998-2001)

He has no major project related to transportation but during his term he
focused on Upgrading thirty-seven airports to international standards was given
priority and so was the development of aircraft movement areas, terminal
buildings and air navigation facilities.
Construction of NAIA Passenger Terminal 2 was finished. The runway of the
Davao International Airport was upgraded and extended to 3,000 meters. NAIA
International Passenger Terminal 3 started construction and the modernization of
18 airports under the Air Navigation Facility Project was completed.
Estrada envisioned the construction of the PNR Southern Line and Northrail
through private sector participation. He also planned a study on the feasibility of
Mindanao, Sorsogon and Panay Railways. Sole achievement in this area was the
completion of the modernization of the Commuter Line South Project. In 2000
the rehabilitation of PNR’s rolling stock was implemented. Among those repaired
or rehabilitated were 16 passenger/baggage cars, 2 locomotives, 4 railcars and
5 freight cars.

GLORIA MACAPAGAL ARROYO(2001-2010)

President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo's administration built more new,
massive, better infrastructure and rehabilitated, repaired or finished
uncompleted ones.
The Subic-Clark-Tarlac Expressway is a prime example of building better roads. It
createswealth as the flagship of the Subic-Clark corridor, The P28-billion Subic-
Clark-Tarlac Expressway is one of the 39 projects completed in 2007.
Iloilo International Airport is the airport serving the province of Iloilo in
the Philippines, including its capital city, Iloilo City, the regional center of
the Western Visayas region. It opened its doors to commercial traffic on June 14,
2007 after a decade of planning and construction, replacing Mandurriao
Airport in Mandurriao, Iloilo City which had been in service for over seventy
years. As a result, the new airport inherited its IATA and ICAO airport codes, as
well as its position as the fourth-busiest airport in the Philippines, from its
predecessor. It is the first airport in both Western Visayas and the island
of Panay to be built to international standards, and it is also considered to be
the primary gateway into the region.

BENIGNO AQUINO(2010-2016)
Some projects of the administration are:
TPLEx The project involves the design, financing, construction, operation
and maintenance by the private sector of an 89.31 km expressway from Tarlac
City, Tarlac to Rosario, La Union. The project is divided into three (3) sections
namely:
Section 1 – Tarlac City to Rosales, Pangasinan
Section 2 – Rosales Pangasinan to Urdaneta City, Pangasinan
Section 3 – Urdaneta City, Pangasinan to Rosario, La Union

NAIA EXPRESSWAY, PHASE II The NAIA

Expressway (NAIAEx, NAIAx and Ninoy Aquino International Airport Expressway) is
an 11.6-kilometer (7.2 mi) elevated expressway system in Metro Manila,
Philippines, which links the Metro Manila Skyway to the Ninoy Aquino
International Airport (NAIA) and Entertainment City. It runs along Andrews
Avenue, Electrical Road and NAIA Road connecting the Skyway to Ninoy
Aquino Avenue, Macapagal Boulevard, Jose Diokno Boulevard and the Manila–
Cavite Expressway. The roadway is the first airport expressway in the Philippines
which opened in September 2016.[2] It is located in the cities
of Pasay and Parañaque. The entire expressway is designated as Expressway
6 (E6) of the Philippine expressway network.

RODRIGO DUTERTE(2016-PRESENT)
In his first 3 years, 17 airport projects were finished. Two international
airports have been built, namely the Lal-lo International airport in Cagayan and
the country’s first eco-airport, the Bohol-Panglao International airport. Future
airports in Bicol and Bulacan are being constructed. The Common that will soon
connect four major rail lines have also started construction. Point-to-point buses
now have 37 routes, compared to only two routes in 2015. The administration
revived the ferry operations from Davao to Manila