Chapter IV

Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

This chapter involves analysis, presentation and interpretation of the gathered

data.

Table 5: Characteristics of Oyster Shell

Sample Color Size

1 SW 7746 5” x 3.5”

Rushing River

2 SW 7545 5.5” x 3”

Pier

Table 5 shows the characteristics of the oyster shell used as an additive in the

concrete mixture. The 1st oyster shell has the color of SW7746 “Rushing River” with the

size of 5” x 3.5”. And the 2nd oyster shell has the color of SW 7545 “Pier” with the size of

5.5” x 3”.

Table 6: Moisture Content

CRUSHED OYSTER SHELL

Wet 330 (g)

Dry 220 (g)

Moisture Content (%) 33.33 %

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Table 6 shows the moisture content of the crushed oyster shell. The weight of the

wet crushed oyster shell weighed 330 grams. After the sample was dried up, it weighed

220 grams. With the given weight data of wet and dried crushed oyster shell, the moisture

content was determined and it has the moisture content of 33.33 percent (%).

Table 7: Plastic Limit

PLASTIC LIMIT

Sample 1 2

Weight of Dry sample + 45.8 (g) 50.0 (g)

container (g)

Weight of Wet sample + 51.3 (g) 56.6 (g)

container (g)

Weight of container 29.4 (g) 29.4 (g)

Weight of water 5.5 (g) 6.6 (g)

Weight of Wet sample 21.9 (g) 27.2 (g)

Weight of Dry sample 16.4 (g) 20.6 (g)

Water Content 33.54 % 32.04 %

Average (PL) 32.79 %

Table 7 shows the plastic limit of the crushed oyster shell. There were two samples

to tested for plastic limit. And the data gathered for the plastic limit for both samples are

weight of dry sample together with the container and it weighed 45.8 grams for the 1st

sample and the 2nd sample weighed 50.0 grams. For the weight of the wet sample together

with the container for both samples, it weighed 51.3 grams for the 1st sample and 56.6
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grams for the 2nd sample. The weight of the container is the same for both samples and it

weighed 29.4 grams. The weight of the wet samples without the containers are 21.9 grams

for 1st sample and 27.2 for 2nd sample. And for the weight of the dry samples, it weighed

16.4 grams for 1st sample and 20.6 for the 2nd sample. For the water content for both

samples, the 1st sample has 33.54 percent (%) and the 2nd sample has 32.04 percent (%).

And for the average plastic limit for both sample it resulted to 32.79 percent (%).

Table 8: Consistency Test

Sample Slump Type of Slump

Conventional Concrete Mixture 4.7 cm True

Concrete Mixture w/ 10% 5.2 cm True

Concrete Mixture w/ 15% 5.7 cm True

Concrete Mixture w/ 20% 6.1 cm True

Table 8 shows the consistency test for the concrete mixture for this experimental

research. The consistency of a concrete mixture is determined through its slump. For the

conventional concrete mixture, it has 4.7 cm slump. And for the concrete mixture with 10%

additive of crushed oyster shell, it has 5.2 cm slump. Followed by the concrete mixture

with 15 % additive, it has 5.7 slump and the last concrete mixture with 20 % additive has

a slump of 6.1 cm. and they are all considered as a True Slump.
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Table 9: Compressive Strength Test (7 DAYS CURING)

7 Days Curing Max. Load Strength Strength

Kilo Mega Pascal Pounds per

Newton (MPa) square inch

(KN) (PSI)

Conventional 90.65 5.0 720

Concrete Mixture

Concrete Mixture 99.89 5.5 790

w/ 10 %

Concrete Mixture 120.29 6.6 960

w/ 15 %

Concrete Mixture 131.34 7.2 1040

w/ 20 %

Table 9 shows the results of the 7 days curing compressive strength test. For the

conventional concrete mixture, its maximum load capacity in terms of kilo newton (KN) is

90.65, its strength in terms of mega Pascal (MPA) is 5.0 and in terms of pounds per square

inch (PSI) is 720. For the concrete mixture with 10% additive, its maximum load capacity

in terms of (KN) is 99.89, its strength in terms of (MPa) is 5.5 and for the strength in terms

of (PSI) is 790. The concrete mixture with 15% additive has a maximum load capacity of

120.29 in terms of (KN) and has a 6.6 strength in terms of (MPa) and has a strength of 960

in terms of (PSI). And for the concrete mixture with 20% additive, its maximum load
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capacity in terms of (KN) is 131.14, its strength in terms of (MPa) is 7.2 and it has the

strength of 1040 in terms of (PSI).

Graph 1: Compressive Strength Test (7 DAYS CURING)

7 Days Curing
1200

1000 1040
960

800
790
720
600

400

200

120.29 131.34
90.65 5 99.89 5.5 6.6 7.2
0
Conventional Concrete Concrete Mixure w/ 10% Concrete Mixure w/ 15% Concrete Mixture w/
Mixture Additive Additive 20% Additve

Maximum Load (KN) Strength (Mpa) Strength (PSI)

The graph presents the comparison of the strength of the four (4) samples. The

samples are the conventional concrete mixture, concrete mixture w/ 10% additive, concrete

mixture w/ 15% additive and concrete mixture with 20% additive. This graph showed the

increasing strength of the samples.

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In terms of maximum load capacity (KN) between the conventional concrete

mixture that has 90.63 KN and the concrete mixture w/ 10% additive that has 99.89 KN,

making 9.26 KN difference. And between concrete mixture w/ 10% additive that has 99.89

KN and the concrete mixture w/ 15% additive that has 120.29 KN, making 20.4 KN

difference. And between concrete mixture w/ 15% additive that has 120.29 KN and the

concrete mixture w/ 20 % additive that has 131.34 KN, making 11.05 difference.

In terms of Strength in (MPa) between the conventional concrete mixture that has

5.0 MPa and the concrete mixture w/ 10% additive that has 5.5 MPa, making 0.5 MPa

difference. And between concrete mixture w/ 10% additive that has 5.5 MPa and the

concrete mixture w/ 15% additive that has 6.6 MPa, making 1.1 MPa difference. And

between concrete mixture w/ 15% additive that has 6.6 MPa and the concrete mixture w/

20% that has 7.2 MPa, making 0.6 MPa difference.

In terms of Strength in (PSI) between the conventional concrete mixture that has

720 psi and the concrete mixture w/ 10% additive that has 790 psi, making 70 psi

difference. And between concrete mixture w/ 10% additive that has 790 psi and the

concrete mixture w/ 15% additive that has 960 psi, making 170 psi difference. And between

concrete mixture w/ 15% additive that has 960 psi and the concrete mixture w/ 20% that

has 1040, making 80 psi difference.

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Table 10: Compressive Strength Test (14 DAYS CURING)

14 Days Curing Max. Load Strength Strength (PSI)

(KN) (MPA)

Conventional 242.0 13.3 1930

Concrete Mixture

Concrete Mixture 318.0 17.5 2540

w/ 10 %

Concrete Mixture 364.0 20.1 2910

w/ 15 %

Concrete Mixture 368.0 20.3 2940

w/ 20 %

Table 10 illustrates the results of the 14 days curing compressive strength test. For

the conventional concrete mixture, its maximum load capacity in terms of kilo newton

(KN) is 242.0, its strength in terms of mega Pascal (MPA) is 13.3 and in terms of pounds

per square inch (PSI) is 1930. For the concrete mixture with 10% additive, its maximum

load capacity in terms of (KN) is 318.0, its strength in terms of (MPa) is 17.5 and for the

strength in terms of (PSI) is 2540. The concrete mixture with 15% additive has a maximum

load capacity of 364 in terms of (KN) and has 20.1 strength in terms of (MPa) and has a

strength of 2910 in terms of (PSI). And for the concrete mixture with 20% additive, its

maximum load capacity in terms of (KN) is 368.0, its strength in terms of (MPa) is 20.3

and it has the strength of 2940 in terms of (PSI).

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Graph 2: Compressive Strength Test (14 DAYS CURING)

14 Days Curing
3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
Conventional Concrete Concrete Mixture w/ Concrete Mixture w/ Concrete Mixture w/
Mixture 10% Additive 15% Additive 20% Additive

Maximum Load (KN) Strength (Mpa) Strength (PSI)

The graph demonstrates the comparison of the strength of the four (4) samples. The

samples are the conventional concrete mixture, concrete mixture w/ 10% additive, concrete

mixture w/ 15% additive and concrete mixture with 20% additive. This graph demonstrates

the increasing strength of the samples.

In terms of maximum load capacity (KN) between the conventional concrete

mixture that has 242.0 KN and the concrete mixture w/ 10% additive that has 318.0 KN,

making 76.0 KN difference. And between concrete mixture w/ 10% additive that has 318.0

KN and the concrete mixture w/ 15% additive that has 364 KN, making 46 KN difference.
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And between concrete mixture w/ 15% additive that has 364 KN and the concrete mixture

w/ 20 % additive that has 368 KN, making 4.0 difference.

In terms of Strength in (MPa) between the conventional concrete mixture that has

13.3 MPa and the concrete mixture w/ 10% additive that has 17.5 MPa, making 4.2 MPa

difference. And between concrete mixture w/ 10% additive that has 17.5 MPa and the

concrete mixture w/ 15% additive that has 20.1 MPa, making 2.6 MPa difference. And

between concrete mixture w/ 15% additive that has 20.1 MPa and the concrete mixture w/

20% that has 20.3 MPa, making 0.2 MPa difference.

In terms of Strength in (PSI) between the conventional concrete mixture that has

1930 psi and the concrete mixture w/ 10% additive that has 2540 psi, making 610.0 psi

difference. And between concrete mixture w/ 10% additive that has 2540 psi and the

concrete mixture w/ 15% additive that has 2910 psi, making 370.0 psi difference. And

between concrete mixture w/ 15% additive that has 2910.0 psi and the concrete mixture w/

20% that has 2940.0, making 30.0 psi difference.