CHANGE MANAGEMENT

CHANGE MANAGEMENT
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CHANGE MANAGEMENT
CHANGE MANAGEMENT
W HO M OV E D MY C HE E SE ?
TOL ER AN C E OF C H AN G E AN D UN C ERT AI NTY
JOI N I NG T HE B AN D W AG O N
A D A PTI N G C H ANG E F O R G RO WT H - OV E R CO MI NG
I NHI B I TI O N
INTRODUCTION
Excellence is defined as a quality of being
extremely good in something. Achieving
excellence in a particular field or anything
depends on many factors. Performing well in
a field with simple challenges does not count
as being excellent. Being good in
performance when the circumstances are
unfavourable shows the achievement in
excellence. Let us see about how to excel
while there are changes in circumstances and
how to manage those changes to our favour.

CHANGE MANAGEMENT
CHANGE MANAGEMENT – WHAT

IS IT?
Change management is a systematic
approach to dealing with change, from
the perspective of an individual level. The
purpose of change management is to
implement strategies for effecting change,
controlling change and helping to adapt to
change. Such strategies include having a
structured procedure for requesting a
change, as well as mechanisms for
responding to self-made requests. In
general, people does not likely to change.
Because, they are afraid that they may
fail.
There are different ways to deal with change
around, and it is dealt in the following
sections.
WHO MOVED MY CHEESE?

ABOUT WHO MOVED MY CHEESE
“Who Moved My Cheese?” is an
enlightening, amusing, and life-changing
book written by Dr. Spencer Johnson. The
main premise of this book is anticipating
change as a daily way of life.
This charming parable explores the lives of
four characters whose “cheese” has been
moved. “Cheese” in this instance, meaning
anything - a job, a relationship, anything
that can be a source of comfort and security.
How would you react if your cheese was
moved? As human beings it’s natural for us
to view change as a threat or to be afraid of
change, especially when it comes
unexpectedly. We tend to put our guard up
and go back to what we know, avoiding
change like the plague.
‘Who Moved My Cheese?’ illustrates the

importance of being able to deal with
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unexpected change, but in such a relatable

manner that you can read it in one sitting
and walk away with a wealth of knowledge
that will forever alter the way you live your
life. After reading this book, the overall
message we can carry is, “Trust your
instincts, don’t wait, and make small
changes that can make a big difference”
FEATURES OF WHO MOVED MY

CHEESE
Following are some of the features of ‘Who
Moved My Cheese’.
 Kaizen way
While Kaizen translates just to "good
change" and doesn't really have much
implied meaning beyond that, in
productivity circles the term means
"constant, continual improvement." Put
simply, every aspect of an organization
should, at all times, strive to do what it does
better. This method inspires to change
oneself by taking small steps and by
putting little efforts for the biggest
change.
 Change and Anticipate change
Become more alert with what’s happening
around you. Be more observant and engage
regularly with your mentors and other
people you trust to elicit feedback and
suggestions on how you can improve
yourself.
 Monitor Change and adapt change
Expect things to change and look for the
slow signs. “Smell the cheese often so you
see when it’s going old”. Is it getting harder
to adjust for new change? Are you not
putting enough effort to change? Is the
change for good? Sometimes it’s subtle signs
that are not always easy to see, but
important to notice.

CHANGE MANAGEMENT
 Be ready to quickly change

Trust your instincts, don’t wait, and make
small changes that can make a difference.
Usually, we know when things are not going
just right, but we choose to ignore it.
Instincts are powerful signs and messages we
get and they are usually right on. Respect
them, stop and evaluate them and act on
them to make small subtle changes that do
make a difference.
 Change again and enjoy it
Be ready and stay ready to adapt to change.
When Sniff and Scurry moved on when their
cheese moved, Hem and Haw both decided
to wait it out and hope that their cheese
would return instead of moving on and
finding new cheese and adapting to change.
Often, we don’t want things to change
because we fear it, but we feel free and the
best when we are moving rather than staying
stuck. “Movement in a new direction helps
you find new cheese”.
“Who Moved My Cheese” talks about change

and adapting to change. The next step is to
know whether to be liberal to unexpected
change or trying to be zero tolerant towa rds
change.
TOL ER AN C E OF C H AN G E AN D UN C ERT AI NTY

TOLERANCE – WHAT IS IT?
Tolerance can be defined as a fair and
objective attitude towards those whose
lifestyle differs from yours.
FEATURES OF TOLERANCE
The level of tolerance in your life can be
attributed to levels of happiness and
contentment, as many researchers have
pointed out; however, the same researchers
appear to struggle when examining
paradoxical questions such as,
1. 'Are tolerant people more happy, or
2. Are happy people more tolerant?'
Take a moment to think about your lifestyle:
your behaviors, actions, thoughts, and
environment. Now think about someone
else's. Chances are there are some aspects of
CHANGE MANAGEMENT
other people's lives which annoy you. Many

people are surrounded by others who appear
to be 'incompetent' and 'annoying'.
Understanding tolerance can help shift
our attitudes toward others, leading us to
a more productive and happy life.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
TOLERANCE AND INTOLE RENCE
TOLERANCE INTOLERANCE
The ability or Unwillingness to

willingness to accept views, beliefs,
tolerate the existence or behaviour that
of opinions or differ from one’s
behaviour that one own.
dislikes or disagrees
with.
The capacity to
endure continued
subjection to An inability to eat a
something such as a food or take a drug
drug or without adverse
environmental effects.
conditions without
adverse reaction.
For Example: For Example:
Most people build a Many children are
tolerance to certain affected by gluten
drugs over time. intolerance.
CERTAINTY AND UNCERTAINTY

Certainty is perfect knowledge that has
total security from error, or the mental state
of being without doubt. It is total continuity
and validity of all foundational inquiry, to
the highest degree of precision. Something
is certain only if no skepticism can occur.
Uncertainty
Many things around us exhibit a clear
relationship between cause and effect. When
the relation between cause and effect is not
clear, it leads to uncertainty.
There are two broad types of uncertainty:
1. Cause driven uncertainty
In such situations, it is unclear what actions
must be taken to produce a desired result.
2. Effect driven uncertainty

CHANGE MANAGEMENT
In such situations, it is unclear what effects

a specific action will have.
SYMPTOMS OF UNCERTAINTY
If you can’t stand having uncertainty in your
life, you are probably doing things that are
designed to either remove all uncertainty in
daily life situations or you are outright
avoiding uncertain situations.
Some of the behaviors that people do when
they are intolerant of uncertai nty include:
 Seeking excessive reassurance from
others
This might be asking friends or family their
opinion on a decision that you have to make.
 List-making
As a way of eliminating uncertainty, some
people will make long and detailed “to do”
lists, sometimes several lists every day.
 Double checking
For example, calling loved ones repeatedly
to “make sure” that they are okay, or re -
reading emails several times to check that
they are perfect and that there are no
spelling mistakes.
 Refusing to delegate tasks to others
Many people who are intolerant of
uncertainty will not allow anyone either at
work or at home to do certain tasks; this is
because they cannot be “sure” that it will be
done correctly unless they do it.
 Procrastination/avoidance
Because being uncertain can cause anxiety,
some people simply procrastinate or avoid
people, places, or situations. If you do not
do something, then you don’t have to feel
uncertain.

CHANGE MANAGEMENT
 Distraction
Many people who are intolerant of
uncertainty keep themselves “busy” most of
the day; that way, they don’t have the time
to think about all the uncertainty in life.
These are the typical behavio rs of uncertain

people. These require a lot of time and
energy. Needing to be certain about
everything can often take the fun out of life,
since surprises or unexpected events become
something threatening. Also, if you avoid or
procrastinate, you might miss out on a lot of
good opportunities in life simply because of
a dislike of uncertainty.
The prevalence of uncertainty can be
identified by the above symptoms. It is
evident to know whether to be tolerant or
intolerant to uncertainty.
BENEFITS OF TOLERANCE TO
UNCERTAINTY
One must follow this ‘Mantra’ to enjoy the
uncertainty the way it comes in our way.
“Don’t overthink- Move forward- Embrace
the chaos”.
 Allows to discover oneself and to change
the thoughts and feelings around
uncertainty.
 One becomes resourceful and resilient as
an individual.
 Avoids time consuming, tiring, and
uncomfortable behaviours.
So from the above benefits it is essential for
us to know the ways in which we can exhibit
tolerance to uncertainty.
STEPS TO BE TOLERANT TO
UNCERTAINTY
The best way to learn to become more
tolerant of uncertainty is to start acting “as
if” you are tolerant of uncertainty. That is,
you can change your behavior around
uncertainty, and this will eventually help you
to change your thoughts and feelings around
uncertainty. Following are the steps to be
tolerant to uncertainty.
 Make a List of Behaviors

CHANGE MANAGEMENT
Start by writing down all of the things that

you do to try to feel more certain, or to get
around or avoid uncertainty. A good way to
compose this list is to be a detective in your
daily life: notice when you are feeling
anxious, and what it is that you do to try to
feel less anxious.
 Rank Them According to Anxiety
It is best to start small. That way, you are
more likely to do it, and to succeed. If you
pick something too difficult, you might be
unable to do it, and you probably won’t want
to try it again. With this in mind, look at the
behaviors that you do that might be easier
to try to change. You can then rank your
behaviors on a scale from 0 (“no anxiety at
all”) to 10 (“extreme anxiety”) by imagining
how anxious you would become if you could
not do them.
 Practice Tolerating Uncertainty
Once you have a list of behavio rs that you
do to reduce or avoid uncertainty, then start
picking small items that you can do to
practice tolerating uncertainty. Try to do at
least three things a week.
 Write It Down
If you write things down, you will be able to
see all the work that you did in facing
uncertainty, and as you keep practic ing, you
will see how things that you once thought
were difficult in the beginning are now much
easier.
 Record What Happened
If you are taking some risks and not being
100% certain in your life, there is the chance
that things will not go perfectly. When you
allow some uncertainty in your life,
sometimes things go wrong. For this reason,
it is important to write down the outcome of
your tolerating-uncertainty exercises, and
what you did to cope.
 Build Momentum
When you feel comfortable with the small
steps that you have taken to tolerate
uncertainty, gradually try more difficult
things. Look for opportunities to tolerate
uncertainty in daily life.
But there are some people who are
Intolerant to uncertainty

CHANGE MANAGEMENT
Dealing with uncertainty is an unavoidable

part of daily life. Because we can’t see the
future, we can never be certain about what
exactly is going to happen day to day. Some
people are okay with having a lot of
uncertainty in their lives, and other people
cannot stand even a small amount of
uncertainty.
Anxious people, particularly those adults
who worry excessively, are more likely to be
very intolerant of uncertainty. They will
often try to plan and prepare for everything
as a way of avoiding or eliminating
uncertainty. Obviously, it is normal, and
even common, for most people to be a bit
uncomfortable with uncertainty.
On the other hand we tend to have the habit

of accepting changes if someone has already
experienced the pros and cons of it. If we
find that pros are more in number or if it
suits us we tend to blindly follow them
without knowing what exactly is our
requirement. To excel in all facets of life,
you need to overcome this.
OV E R CO MI NG HE R D M ENT ALI T Y
HERD MENTALITY – WHAT IS IT?
Herd mentality, or mob mentality, describes
how people are influenced by their peers to
adopt certain behaviors. Examples of the
herd mentality include stock market trends,
superstition and home décor. Social
psychologists study the related topics of
group intelligence, crowd wisdom, and
decentralized decision making.
LIMITATIONS OF HERD
MENTALITY
Following are some of the limitations of
persisting with Herd Mentality.
 It is not always good to be in Herd.
 Herd Mentality influences the crowd and
restricts one to explore.
 Make a person bound to follow some
typical thing which is being followed by the
crowd of the people.

CHANGE MANAGEMENT
 Because of this herd mentality, unique

decisions of an individual gets
overshadowed.
 In some cases herd helping this can
lead to "crowd wisdom".
 But in many cases, such common mimicry
kills the real robot analysis that would come
from a confrontation of various information
and ideas.
 Mostly people acquire Herd Mentality
in order to avoid feeling ‘left behind
from’ the group.
Therefore it is essential to overcome Herd
mentality even though it has some benefits.
 When more people are involved in the herd
following something, the group effect builds
the team work.
 They try and make it better than the
original thing.
 People may tend to follow some cult,
which might be extremely good for the
society. This builds the quality of
acceptance.
 Herds can push the marketing and sales
efforts to new heights, so it’s important to
explore how to find, motivate and engage
them as part of your overall marketing and
outreach plan.
On a productive front, Herd mentality will
never get you the desired results for a
greater percentage. So your focus must be in
trying to overcoming it in most of the times.
STEPS TO OVERCOME HERD

MENTALITY
One can overcome the tyranny of the herd
mentality by adopting the following traits
and improving them by practicing them on a
regular basis. Self-awareness is very
important in overcoming herd mentality.
1. Courage
It is very difficult to upset or to disappoint
your fellow companions in the journey of
life - family, friends, partner, colleagues - it
is hard to see them suffer or even insult you
just because you decided to do something
that contradicts their expectations from you.

CHANGE MANAGEMENT
2. Logic
The thing which usually convince people to
put their beliefs into something and to to
certain deeds is logic. The more logically
correct and believable a belief is, the more
convince-able it would become to other
people which are exposed to this logical
structure.
3. Responsibility
Standing all by yourself against the masses
and their beliefs is not an easy thing.
Regardless of the reason that made you wish
to overcome their mentality, it is all your
“fault” for being against the popular beliefs
and practices.
4. Skepticism
This is the most fundamental aspect of being
a black sheep: the fact that one is in
disagreement with a certain or a set of
subjects and the execution of issues.
JOI N I NG T HE B AN D W AG O N
JOINING THE BANDWAGON
A bandwagon is a float or wagon in a parade
that encourages people to jump aboard and
enjoy the music that is being played. The
principle was used from the 19th century in
political campaigns to link candidates with
the notion of having fun and to paint those
who are not 'on the bandwagon' as missing
out.

CHANGE MANAGEMENT
This principle was extended to imply joining

of any group, in particular those who are
voting for a party. The term also has become
overused and can be used as a pejorative,
indicating that people are joining in just
because of the bandwagon effect rather than
from any real ideological conviction.
HOW IT OCCURS?
People follow bandwagon process when,
 They see some new idea or product and
wonder if they should adopt it, evidence of
others enjoying and having fun is highly
influential.
 Numbers are important for the bandwagon
effect to take hold.
 If we see three people on the bandwagon
and know that hundreds have not joined,
then the reverse effect will take place and
we will be loath to join.
 If, on the other hand, we see the wagon
nearly full with lots of people we know or
admire, then we will desperately try to grab
the 'final' places.
 Once bandwagons have enough
participants they are often self -sustaining
and people get on board for social rather
than ideological reasons.
 Bandwagons often have limited lifetimes
and eventually run out of steam.
 People will quickly abandon the 'sinking
ship' if they see others leaving.
 Building the early bandwagon may require
ideological appeals, but then when we see
desirable others in a group we feel the pull
of social proof and seek to join in.
 A deeper need that drives the bandwagon
effect is the need to belong.
 When we see a desirable group, we want to
join in.

CHANGE MANAGEMENT
 Expectations and promise are important in

the assumption of being a 'winner' of some
kind.
To get people to adopt a new product or

idea, show them how others are 'on board'
and having a good time together. You can
also highlight how not joining in means
being left behind, left out and generally
being in an undesirable state of rejection and
loneliness.
STEPS TO GET RID OF
BANDWAGON EFFECT
Follow the steps to get rid of the bandwagon
effect.
 Have the courage in taking a step out of
norm.
 Stick to what you like or dislike, regardless
of who feels otherwise.
 Be bold to know what is right and what
isn’t right without giving much thoughts to
public opinion.
 Allow your own principles to govern the
parliament of your heart.
 Equip yourself with knowledge to know
where to draw lines between religious
fanaticism and your personal service to God.
The limitations of blindly following others
and resistant to changes are dealt so far. As
an individual we either fall in herd category
wherein we follow a random path or we
restrict ourselves from achieving greatness.
Both the behaviours are not advisable.
Therefore it is essential to know the
following section.
A D A PTI N G C H ANG E F O R G RO WT H – OV E R CO M I NG
I NHI B I TI O NS
INHIBITION – WHAT IS IT?
An inhibition is a force that prevents
something from happening and often comes
from you yourself. Shy people are often said
to suffer from inhibitions. Some
inhibitions are good, such as the one that
prevents us from choking the life out of
people we dislike.

CHANGE MANAGEMENT
LIMITATIONS OF INHIBITED
PERSON
Following are some of the limitations of
inhibited persons.
 They shy away from spontaneity and any

activity that involves letting their body go
joyously free, like dancing, singing,
boisterous celebrating, sex, even fighting.
 There are social inhibitions that constrain
all activities like this to "appropriate" times
and locations.
 A personally inhibited person is one who
shows up at the appropriate time and place
with a desire to participate, and then is
unable to for no external reason , or a person
who avoids those times and places even
though s/he would like to participate but is
afraid of the frustration and embarrassment
of not being able to.
 Inhibition can cause all other strong
feelings to modulate into anger and
belligerence, beca use of all of them, these
are the easiest ones to express and act on.
 Inhibited people tend to blame others for
what they can't do or have a lot of trouble
doing. There's also a certain resentment
toward people who don't have a problem
doing those things.
Based on the above limitations it is evident
that one must take necessary action in
getting rid of inhibitions.
STEPS TO OVERCOME
INHIBITIONS
Most of the people are inhibited rather than
prohibited. At times this can create a victim
mentality that can limit people dramatically.
Here is how you can ensure you are not
inhibiting yourself.
CHANGE MANAGEMENT
 Assess the situation.

 Face the situation.
 Realize the importance of assessing the
situation.
 Stay true to who you are.
 Lose control and stop being uptight.
 Volunteer and participate.
 Don't go overboard.
Practising the above steps will help you in

getting rid of your inhibitions and you will
be open to adapting to changes.
ADAPTING CHANGE FOR

GROWTH
Change happens whether we want it to or
not. Some people welcome change and find
ways to turn the unexpected into an
opportunity for growth. Others become
frightened and simply react. How we handle
the inevitable changes in life is key to living
a life without fear. The right attitude can
mean the difference between allowing
unexpected life changes to keep us from
achieving our goals or dealing with the
changes and growing because of them.
When we are confronted with unforeseen

changes in our lives, our first response may
be to either run away from it or fight against
CHANGE MANAGEMENT
it. Run or fight is an inborn survival instinct

that occurs when we feel threatened. Fueled
by adrenaline, the run or fight r esponse is
exhausting and leaves us feeling
overwhelmed. However, there are steps we
can take to gain control of our fear, embrace
the challenge and turn adversity into an
avenue for success.
Unexpected changes often take us by
surprise. We may feel as if we have lost our
foundation and or are swimming against a
rip tide. But change can give birth to our
greatest life successes if we open ourselves
up to the possibility.
M AK E S UR E Y O U R EV I S E
 Change management- adapting,
anticipating, accepting and enjoying the
change again and again.
 Certainty and uncertainty
 Symptoms of uncertainty
 Steps to be tolerant to uncertainty
 Adapting change for the growth
 Steps to overcome inhibitions

CHANGE MANAGEMENT - TOLERANCE AND ADAPTING

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