Urdu Letters, Names and Transliteration

initial: a, i, u
‫ا‬ alif medial/final: ‫ر‬ dāl d ‫ؼ‬ t̤o’e t̤ ‫ه‬ nūn ġhunnā ṅ
ā

‫آ‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ؽ‬ ‫و‬

alif ā (only w, v, ū,
ḍāl ḍ z̤o’e z̤ wā’o
madd initial) o, au

‫ب‬ be b ‫س‬ ẕāl ẕ ‫ؾ‬ ʿain ʿ ‫ہ‬ choṭī he h

‫ة‬ pe p ‫ش‬ re r ‫ؿ‬ ġhain ġh ‫ھ‬ do cashmī he ẖ

‫ت‬ te t ‫ص‬ ṛe ṛ ‫ـ‬ fe f ‫ء‬ hamză ʾ

‫ث‬ ṭe ṭ ‫ض‬ ze z ‫ف‬ qāf q ‫ی‬ choṭī ye y, ī

‫ج‬ ṡe ṡ ‫ط‬ żhe żh ‫ق‬ kāf k ‫ے‬ baṛī ye e, ai

‫ح‬ jīm j ‫ظ‬ sīn s ‫ك‬ gāf g

‫خ‬ ce c ‫ع‬ šhīn šh ‫ل‬ lām l

‫د‬ baṛī ḥe ḥ ‫غ‬ ṣvād ṣ ‫م‬ mīm m

‫ذ‬ ḳhe ḳh ‫ػ‬ ẓvād ẓ ‫ن‬ nūn n