stripping efficiency abaca fiber

ratio of the total dry weight (moisture content of 14%) long and slender natural filament of abaca plant
of the fiber extracted to the abaca stalk (Fig. 1)
potential fiber content of abaca tuxies, expressed inpart of abaca plant which consist of several layers of leaf sheath
percent
extraction loss
difference between the potential fiber content of abaca
tuxies and dry weight
(moisture content of 14%) of the actual fiber extracted
using abaca stripper, expressed
in percent

fiber quality
refers to the physical properties such as tensile strength,
length, color and texture
(fineness and coarseness) of fibers extracted
grade
indicator of the quality or the characteristics of the
physical property of a fiber
output capacity
fresh weight of the output fiber extracted from the
abaca stripper per unit time, kg/h
overall height Figure 1. Abaca stalk
distance between the horizontal supporting plane
surface and the horizontal plane abaca stripper
touching the uppermost part of the stripping machine mechanical device used for extracting primary fibers by
NOTE: All parts of the abaca stripper projecting upwards scraping action from blade
are contained between these two planes. and stripping block
bacnis method
overall length method that uses bolo to partially cut (leaving the upper
distance between the vertical planes at the right angles layer 1 mm to 2 mm thick
to the median plane of the uncut) crosswise the middle of the inner portion of the
abaca stripper and touching its front and rear leaf sheath to be able to extract
extremities locnit method
NOTE: All parts of the stripper, in particular, method that uses tuxying knife to thrust one side of the
components projecting at the front and at the rear are leaf sheath and make a cut
contained between these two planes. Where an between the upper and the inner portions of the
adjustment of components is possible, it shall be set at material to be able to extract the
minimum length. tuxies
overall width parenchymatous material
distance between the vertical planes parallel to the
median plane of the machine, each soft tissue or non-fibrous material attached to the fiber
plane touching the outermost point of the stripper on its
respective side stripping
NOTE: All parts of the stripper projecting sidewards are extracting the fiber from abaca tuxies using abaca
contained between these two planes. stripper
potential fiber content stripping block
summation of the weight of extracted fiber using manual part of the abaca stripper that provides friction and
or mechanical abaca stripper where raw materials are being
and unextracted fiber manually obtained locked in position during fiber extraction
running-in period stripping efficiency
preliminary operation of the machine to make various ratio of the total dry (moisture content of 14%) weight
adjustments prior to the of the fiber extracted to the
conduct of test until the operation is stable. potential fiber content of abaca tuxies, expressed in
percent
potential fiber recovery stripping knife
ratio of fresh weight of fiber extracted and the total metal plate, non-serrated or serrated, that provides
fresh weight of input abaca tuxies stripping action
to the abaca stripper, expressed in percent
 tuxy hearth
the outer layer of abaca leaf sheath which contains the fire resistant surface located at the heating chamber of the
primary fiber biomass furnace
shredding efficiency
tuxying ratio of the weight of the input biomass materials less
separating the outer layer from inner layer of leaf unshredded biomass materials, to the
sheath which is at most 1.8 mm of total weight of the input biomass materials to the shredder,
abaca leaf sheath either by locnit method (using tuxying expressed in percent
knife) or bacnis method input capacity
(using bolo) weight of biomass material fed into the shredder,
expressed in kilogram per hour
burning efficiency unshredded
ratio of the actual and the theoretical heating value of fuel, biomass material that is not totally cut into strips
expressed in percent biomass shredder
furnace efficiency machine used to cut biomass materials into strips
ratio of the heat transferred and heat available in biomass
furnace, expressed in percent
latent heat of vaporization
heat absorbed by a unit mass of a material at its boiling
point in order to convert the materialinto a gas without
temperature change
overall height
distance between the horizontal supporting plane surface
and the horizontal plane touching
the uppermost part of the biomass furnace.
NOTE: All parts of the biomass furnace projecting upwards
are contained between these two planes.
overall length
distance between the vertical planes at the right angles to
chipping section
the median plane of the biomass
part of a shredding machine which is used to cut or sliced
furnace and touching its front and rear extremities.
twigs or small branches of trees
NOTE: All parts of the biomass furnace, in particular,
into small and uniform sizes called chips
components projecting at the front and at the rear are
NOTE: This is auxiliary component of some biomass
contained between these two planes. Where an adjustment
shredder
of components is possible, it shall be set at minimum
hopper
length.
part of the biomass shredder where the biomass
overall width
materials to be cut are loaded
distance between the vertical planes parallel to the median
prime mover
plane of the machine, each plane
electric motor or internal combustion engine used to
touching the outermost point of the biomass furnace on its
drive the biomass shredder
respective side.
input capacity
NOTE: All parts of the biomass furnace projecting side
weight of biomass material fed into the shredder,
wards are contained between these two planes.
expressed in kilogram per hour
sensible heat
shredding efficiency
heat absorbed or evolved by a substance during a change of
ratio of the weight of the input biomass materials less
temperature that is not
unshredded biomass materials,
accompanied by a change of state
chip
heating system efficiency
thin slice of material with thickness of about 4 mm
ratio of actual and theoretical heat supplied by the fuel to
chipping machine
the furnace, expressed in percent
chipper
biomass
size reduction machine either power or manually
organic materials used as renewable source of energy like
operated which is used to cut or slice root
wood chips, corncobs and rice
crops or banana into small thin pieces called chips (see
hulls, etc.
Figure 1)
biomass furnace
chipping capacity
enclosed structure for intense heating by fire using any
amount of material that can be processed per unit time,
biomass like woodchips, corncobs and
kg/h
rice hulls as fuel
 cutterhead
cutting rotor devices intended to slice the crop into
chips with reasonable consistency within a range of
optional settings
discharge chute
opening through which chipped material is thrown out
flywheel type
type of chipping machine with knives mounted radially
with the cutting edges describing a
plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation (see Figure 2)
guard
component intended to provide protection for the operator
or bystander from injury
drum type
knives on cylindrical mountings such that the cutting
edges of the knives are essentially
parallel to the axis of rotation (see Figure 3)
coconut husk
fibrous covering of a coconut fruit comprising of 30%
fiber and 70% parenchymatous
cells
coconut coir
slender and elongated fibrous materials extracted from
coconut husk
coconut peat
fine and powder-like particles parenchymatous cells
that are extracted from the coconut husk
coconut coir decorticator
machine to crush matured coconut husk through impact
or beating action to separate coco
fiber and coconut peat from the husk
decorticating efficiency
ratio of the weight of the input coconut husk partially
and totally undecorticated coconut husk
to the total weight of the input coconut husk to the
decorticator, expressed in percent
coir quality
refers to the physical and morphological (e.g. tensile
strength, maturity, color, fiber length
and cleanliness) properties of fibers extracted
input capacity
weight of coconut husk fed into the decorticator expressed
in kilogram per hour
overall height
distance between the horizontal supporting plane surface
and the horizontal plane touching
the uppermost part of the decorticator
NOTE: All parts of the decorticator projecting upwards are
contained between these two planes.
overall length
distance between the vertical planes at the right angles to
the median plane of the decorticator
and touching its front and rear extremities
NOTE: All parts of the decorticator, in particular,
components projecting at the front and at the rear are
contained between these two planes. Where an adjustment
of components is possible, it shall be set at minimum
length.
overall width
distance between the vertical planes parallel to the median
plane of the machine, each plane
touching the outermost point of the decorticator on its
respective side
NOTE: All parts of the decorticator projecting sidewards
are contained between these two planes
undecorticated
portion of the coconut husk that is partially crushed and
totally crushed
desiccators
container where oven-dried samples are cooled without
affecting its moisture content
crude oil production rate
quantity of crude oil that the expeller can extract per unit
of time, expressed in kilogram per
hour

overall height
distance between the horizontal supporting surface and
the horizontal plane touching the
uppermost part of the oil expeller
NOTE All parts of the oil expeller projecting upwards are
contained between these two planes.
overall length
distance between the vertical planes at the right angles to
the median plane of the oil expeller
and touching its front and rear extremities
NOTE All parts of the oil expeller, in particular,
components projecting at the front and at the rear are
contained between these two planes. Where an adjustment
of components is possible, it shall be set at minimum
length.
overall width
distance between the vertical planes parallel to the median
plane of the oil expeller, each
plane touching the outermost point of the oil expeller on its
respective side
NOTE All parts of the oil expeller projecting laterally are
contained between these two planes.
purity
amount of input test material free of foreign matter
expressed as percentage of the total
weight of the sample
wet copra meal
copra residue that pass through the expeller barrel
together with the crude oil but is filtered by
the perforated screen placed at the entrance of the crude
oil chute
choke
permit a final adjustment of pressure and capacity in
order to correct variations in the raw
material and to secure the lowest possible oil content of
the copra meal residue
copra
dried coconut meat from which oil is extracted
copra meal
residue collected after extracting oil from milled copra
crude oil
freshly extracted coconut oil containing moisture, fiber,
resins, colors, etc. from copra
expeller barrel
barrel or cage consists of a heavy cradle-type frame into
which flat steel bars are set edgewise
around the periphery, therefore parallel to the worm shaft
functioning as a screen
extraction chamber
part of the oil expeller where the extraction process occurs
input capacity
weight of input test material per unit loading time into the
hopper/intake pit, expressed in
kilogram per hour
oil expeller
motor-driven extrusion type machine capable of extracting
crude oil from copra for use in
cooking, soapmaking, or as ingredient in other foods such
as baked or fried goods
primemover
electric motor, or internal combustion engine used to run
the oil expeller
worm shaft
a kind of a screw which has the double task of conveying
the raw material through the
pressure chamber formed by the barrel, and at the same
time of exerting a pressure on It
mechanically damaged parchment coffee
ratio of the total weight of damaged parchment coffee to
the total weight of sample,
expressed in percentage
input capacity
weight of coffee cherry fed into the pulper per unit of time,
expressed in kilogram per hour
output capacity
weight of parchment coffee collected at coffee outlet per
unit time, expressed in kilogram per hour
overall height
distance between the horizontal supporting plane surface
and the horizontal plane
touching the uppermost part of the pulper machine
NOTE: All parts of the coffee pulper projecting upwards are
contained between these two planes.
overall length
distance between the vertical planes at the right angles to
the median plane of the
pulper and touching its front and rear extremities
NOTE: All parts of the coffee pulper, in particular,
components projecting at the front and at the rear
are contained between these two planes. Where an
adjustment of components is possible, it shall be set
at minimum length.
overall width
distance between the vertical planes parallel to the median
plane of the machine, each plane touching the outermost
point of the pulper on its respective side
NOTE: All parts of the coffee pulper projecting sidewards
are contained between these two planes.
separation loss
ratio of the total weight of the parchment coffee that comes
out to the pulp discharge
to the total input weight of coffee cherry to the pulper,
expressed in percentage
pulping efficiency
ratio of total weight of parchment coffee collected at all
outlets to the total coffee cherry input to the machine,
expressed in percentage
pulping recovery
ratio between the total weight of parchment coffee
collected at the main outlet to the total weight of input
coffee cherry to the machine, expressed in percentage
unpulped loss
ratio of the total weight of unpulped coffee cherry to the
total input weight of coffee cherry to the pulper, expressed
in percentage
 scattering loss parchment coffee
ratio of the total weight of the parchment coffee that fell final output product when the coffee cherry has
around the base of coffee pulper to the total coffee cherry undergone pulping process
input to the machine, expressed in percentage by main parchment coffee outlet
weight part of machine where parchment coffee are collected
purity pulp outlet
ratio of the total weight of parchment coffee free of foreign part of machine where pulps are collected
matters to the total weight of sample expressed in pulp
percentage red or green thin fleshy outer layer of the coffee cherry
coffee pulper aspirator
machine to remove and separate the soft pulp of ripe coffee cleaner that uses air to separate lower density material
cherry without making from the corn kernels/corn grits such
any damage to the parchment coffee as floured corn, germ and bran
coffee cherry bulk density
ripened fruits of coffee shrubs (see Fig. 1) ratio of the weight (kg) of the corn kernels, to its volume
(m3)
degerminated corn kernels
shelled corn kernels where the germ and pericarp have
been removed
feed rate
weight of the corn kernels fed into the corn mill per unit
of time
foreign matter
impurity
any matter which is not corn kernels/corn grits or
fragment of corn kernels/corn grits
sand, gravel, dirt, pebbles, stones, lumps of earth, clay,
mud, weeds and other crop seeds
input capacity
weight of corn kernel per unit loading time into the
hopper/intake pit, expressed in kilogram
per hour
laboratory sieve shaker
equipment with definite shaking motion used to sort the
size of the milled materials using
flute standard screen sieves
thread like component of rotating cylinder of the milling capacity
pulping chamber quantity of corn kernels that the corn mill can process to
flute inclination produce corn grits per unit of time
angle of inclination of the rubber coated flutes output capacity
input capacity weight of the milled corn collected per unit of time
weight of coffee cherry fed into the pulper per unit of precleaner
time, expressed in kilogram perhour auxiliary device of the corn mill that removes foreign
output capacity material
weight of parchment coffee collected at coffee outlet per primemover
unit time, expressed in electric motor, or gasoline-fed, or diesel-fed engine used
kilogram per hour to run the corn mill
pulping purity
process of removing and separating the skin and pulp of ratio of the weight of clean corn kernels, to the total
coffee cherry weight of uncleaned corn kernels,
mucilage expressed in percent
slimy layer found between the pulp and adhering to the sifter
parchment oscillating screen wire mesh or perforated metal sheet,
parchment moving in back-and-forth direction, permitting smaller
endocarp of the coffee cherry, lies between the fleshy particles to fall through the openings and larger
part (or pulp) of the cherry and particles to remain on top
coffee bean
 bran germ
“tahop” “sungo”
coarse powder from outer covering of the corn kernel embryo of the kernel removed during the degermination
removed during the milling process process
by-product grit # 20
refers to corn grit # 20 and # 24, floured corn, germ and corn grit by-product with particle size between 0.70 mm
bran to 0.85 mm
by-product recovery grit # 24
ratio of the weight of by-products, to the total weight of corn grit by-product with particle size smaller than 0.70
corn kernel input, expressed in mm
percent input capacity
NOTE It is calculated as: weight of corn kernel per unit loading time into the
hopper/intake pit, expressed in kilogram
per hour
main product
corn kernels refers to corn grit # 10, #12, #14, #16, and # 18
shelled corn of either dent or flint varieties main product recovery
corn grits ratio of the weight of corn grits, to the total weight of
milled corn kernels where the outer covering and germs corn kernel input, expressed in percent
have been removed and with particle size of not less than NOTE It is calculated as:
0.86 mm
grit #10
milled corn kernels with particle size between 1.8 mm to
2.0 mm
moisture content
grit # 12 amount of moisture in the corn kernels expressed as
milled corn kernels with particle size between 1.5 mm to
percent of the total weight of the sample,
1.7 mm
wet basis
grit # 14 NOTE calculated as:
milled corn kernels with particle size between 1.2 mm to
1.4 mm
grit # 16
milled corn kernels with particle size between 1.10 mm
to 1.19 mm
grit # 18 Where:
milled corn kernels with particle size between 0.86 mm Mo = initial mass in grams of the test portion
to 1.09 mm M1 = mass in grams of the dry test portion
conditioning roller mill
rewetting of dried corn kernels to about 18% to 22% major component of the corn mill used to reduce corn
moisture content and tempering it to kernels into corn grits.
make the pericarp and the germ more pliable and easier actual field capacity
to remove actual rate of being able to harvest corn in a given area
corn mill per unit of time
equipment used to produce corn grits using the dry NOTE: Total operating time which includes the time
milling process spent for turning at the headland, adjustment, repair and
degerminator troubleshooting of
machine used to remove the germ and pericarp from the the machine
corn kernel corn (Zea mays)
degerminator efficiency cereal grass belonging to the Poaceae family
ratio of the weight of degerminated corn kernel sample, corn ear
to the initial weight of the sample, fruit of the corn plant with husk
expressed in percent single-row side-mounted corn picker
dry milling machine attached to the side of tractor designed for
process of reducing the corn kernels into pieces of grits, picking corn
germ and pericarp with or without conditioning conveyance efficiency
floured corn measures the ability of the corn picker to deliver the
fines “tiktik” fine powder by-product of corn milling harvested corn ear to the collecting bin
process