CHAPTER 43 & 44 TRAT DR.

HOLDER
1. With its blood supply and nerve supply intact skeletal muscle is
highly resistant to disturbances that might compromise its function:

 True 
 False Answer false 


2. Which of the following attaches skeletal muscle to bone 


a.Tendon
b. ligament
c. bursa
d. mesentery
e. all of the above
answer tendon

3. Which of the following crystallized mineral substances make up

about 65% of the matrix of bones?

a. Sodium, iron selenium 


b. Phosphate carbonate and magnesium and calcite 


c. Potassium, fluoride and copper 


d. Zinc, sulfur, and chloride 


e. Hydroxyapatite formed in two stages initiation and

proliferation 

f. Inorganic make up 65% calcium and phosphate minerals

Answer E

4. A ________________ or _____________ is the connection point

between adjacent bones that may be fibrous or cartilaginous
Answer articulation or joint

5. The osseous tissue that forms the skeleton and the muscle tissue of
skeletal muscle are substantially the same because form have a close
functional relationship

a. True 


b. False 


c. Only in males 


d. Only in females 


Answer false
6. The ________________ (osteoclast, osteocyte, osteoblast) cells are
large multinucleated and are derived from hematopoietic stem cells
and not mesenchymal cells as are the _____________(osteocyte,
osteoblast, osteoclast) cells.
Answer osteoclast , osteocyte
7. Remodeling is a ____________________ in which existing bone is
resorbed and new bone is laid down to replace it

a. Four phase process 


b. Six phase process 


c. Two phase process 


d. Onephaseprocess 


e. Three phase process 


Answer three phase process

8. During isotonic contraction the muscle maintains
_______________

a. Constant length as the tension is increased 
 (isometric)

b. Constant length as the tension is increased, but as the muscle

contracts the limb does not move 
 (isometric)

c. An arm or leg is pushed against an immovable object. The

muscle contracts, but the limb does not move 
 (isometric)

d. The muscle does work such as in lifting a load

e. The muscle maintains a constant tension as it moves


f. All of these are correct 


Answer the muscle does work such as in lifting a load

9. When bone is resorbed during the process of growth and repair

the original bone

a. Is replaced 


b. Hardens 


c. Is removed 


d. Issynthesized 


e. All of these 


Answer is replaced

10. Essentially, bone disorders are derived from

a. Infections 


b. Tumorgrowth 


c. Abnormal ossification 


d. Imbalanceinboneremodeling 


e. All of the above 


Answer all of the above
11. The most common cause of toxic myopathies is ______________ (
Alcohol abuse, poliomyelitis, nyastagmus, all three of these)
Answer Alcohol abuse

12. Improper reduction of immobilization of a fractured femur most

likely results in which of the following after

a. The muscles around the fracture site are weak 


b. The fracture requires 6 to 8 weeks of physical therapy 


c. The skin under the cast is dry and flaky 


d. The bone is not straight 


e. All of these are found

Answer all of these are found

13. _________________ Fractures usually occur in individuals who

engage in a new activity that is strenuous and repetitive.

a. Stress 


b. Greenstick 


c. Insufficiency 

d. Pathologic 


e. None of these 


Answer stress
 

14. Muscle membrane abnormalities include

a. Myotonia


b. Periodic paralysis


c. Both


d. Neither


Answer Both
 

15. Rhabdomyosarcoma is

a. A malignant tumor of striated muscle 


b. Usually found in muscles of the tongue, neck, larynx and nasal

cavity 


c. Usually found in muscles of the vulva, heart and axilla 


d. Highly malignant with rapid metastasis 


e. All of these 

Answer a malignant tumor of striated muscle



 16. Bone handling of calcium is not directly, associated with

which of the following?
a. The exchangeable calcium pool which can be released in
response to PTH 


b. Vitamin D, cholecalciferol, which essentially is a hormone

produced in the skin 


c. Calcitriol which promotes bone deposition 


d. Calcitonin from the thyroid which suppresses osteoclast

activity 


e. Blood and bone phosphorus levels 


Answer blood and bone phosphorus levels

17. A tear in a ligament is known as a

a. Fracture 


b. Strain 


c. Disunion 


d. Sprain 

e. None of these 


Answer strain

18. Bone formation (ossification) involves

a. Deposition of inorganic crystals in the organic matrix of a
preformed cartilage model 


b. Deposition of organic crystals in an inorganic matrix of a

preformed cartilage model 


c. Binding of dissimilar components that interact at the

molecular level 


d. The red and the yellow bone marrow and the chemicals they
secrete 


e. None of these 


Answer Deposition of inorganic crystals in the organic matrix of a

preformed cartilage model

19. Osteoporosis in this disease cortical bone becomes more porous

and thinner, making bone weaker and prone to fracture
20. Osteomalacia this is a metabolic disease characterized by
inadequate and delayed mineralization of osteoid in mature compact
and spongy bone
21. Osteomyelitis this is a bone infection most often caused by
bacteria but can also be caused by fungi, parasites and viruses. In
this disease disease the infection can be from exogenous sources as
well as endogenous sources
22. Gout this disease is characterized by a high level of urate ions in
the plasma 23. Osteoarthritis Despite its name this disease has only a
minimal inflammatory
component and actually begins in the articular cartilage of the joint
24. A(n) _______________ fracture is a fracture at a site of a
preexisting bone abnormality, usually by a force that would not
normally cause a fracture

a. Idiopathic 


b. Incomplete 


c. Pathologic 


d. Greenstick 


Answer pathologic


25. Hydroxyapatite found in bone consist of which of the following

a. The epiphyseal path and the subsequent growth plate 


b. Cartilageendboneprecursor 


c. Calcium phosphate carbonate, magnesium, sodium and

hydroxide attached to collagen 

d. Damagedtrabecula 


e. All of these 


Answer c.Calcium phosphate carbonate, magnesium, sodium and

hydroxide attached to collagen
26. Which bone cells are responsive to parathyroid hormone,
produce osteocalcin when stimulated by 1, 25 – dihydroxyvitamin D,
and synthesize osteoid?

a. Osteoclasts 


b. Osteocytes 


c. Fibrocytes

d. Osteoblasts 


e. All of these respond to PTH 


Answer osteoblasts

27.

a. 


b. PO4 levels 


c. PTH levels 

d. All of these 


e. A and c but not b 


Answer all of these

28. The muscle cramp is an involuntary prolonged contraction of the

muscle sarcolemma
True
False
Answer false

29. Muscular dystrophy is used to denote a group of rare diseases

characterized by progressive degeneration of muscle tissue
True
False
Answer true