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∆f
f
f1 f2 f3 f M −1 fM
∆f = 1
TN
f
f1 f2 f3 f N −1 fN
N
Bandwidth W ≈ N ⋅ ∆f =
TN
In OFDM the spectrum (frequency) is divided into overlapping but
orthogonal subcarriers. Each sub-carrier is independently modulated
by M -QAM. The minimum subcarrier separation is 1/TN , where
TN is the OFDM symbol length.
OFDM can be simply looked upon as a combination of amplitude,
phase and frequency modulation techniques.
EE456 – Digital Communications Ha H. Nguyen
Communication Services using OFDM
Wireless Wireline
ADSL and VDSL broadband access
IEEE 802.11a, g, n (WiFi) Wireless LANs
via POTS copper wiring
MoCA (Multi-media over Coax
IEEE 802.15.3a Ultra Wideband (UWB) Wireless PAN
Alliance) home networking
IEEE 802.16d, e (WiMAX), WiBro,
PLC (Power Line Communication)
and HiperMAN Wireless MANs
IEEE 802.20 Mobile Broadband
Wireless Access (MBWA)
DVB (Digital Video Broadcast) terrestrial TV
systems: DVB -T, DVB -H, T-DMB, and ISDB-T
DAB (Digital Audio Broadcast) systems:
EUREKA 147, Digital Radio Mondiale,
HD Radio, T-DMB, and ISDB-TSB
Flash-OFDM cellular systems
3GPP UMTS & 3GPP@ LTE (Long-Term Evolution),
and 4G
OFDM is spectrally efficient, tolerates environments with
high RF interference, works well in harsh multi-path
environments and can be elegantly implemented with
IFFT/FFT modules.
EE456 – Digital Communications Ha H. Nguyen
Implementation of OFDM
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+
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rb bits/sec
X
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cos ( 2π f ct )
Y [1]
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)
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