KANHA MAKHAN MILLENNIUM SCHOOL

PRACTICE QUESTIONS – 2018-19

CLASS – XII – CHEMISTRY
Chapter – 1 Solid State

Very Short Answer Type Questions. [1 Mark]

1. Why are crystalline solids anisotropic?
2. What is the formula of a compound in which element Y form sccp lattice and ‘X’ occupy 1/3rd of tetrahedral
voids.
Short Answer Type Questions.[2 Mark]
3. An element with molar 27 g mol-1 forms a cubic unit cell with edge length 4.05 x 10-8 cm. if the density is 2.7
cm-3, what is the nature of cubic unit cell?
4. An element with density 11.2gm cm-3 forms a fcc lattice with edge length 4 x 10-8 cm. Calculate the atomic
mass of the element. (Given : NA = 6.022 1023 mol-1).
5. Copper crystallizes into an fcc lattice with edge length 3.61 x 10-8 cm. Calculate the density of copper.
[Give cu = 63.5 g mol-1, NA = 6.022x 1023 mol-1)
6. An element ‘X’ crystallizes in fcc structure. 208 g of it has 4.2832 x 1024 atoms. Calculate the edge length of
unit cell, if density of ‘X’ is 7.2 cm-3.
Short Answer Type Questions. [3 Mark]
1. Examine the given defective crystal:
X+ Y- X+ Y- X+
- - +
Y O Y X Y-
X+ Y- X+ O X+
Y- X+ Y- X+ Y-
Answer the following questions:
i) Is the above defect stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric?
ii) Write the term used for this type of defect. Give an example of the compound which shows this type
of defect.
iii) how does this defect affect the density of the crystal?
2. a) What type of semiconductor is obtained when silicon is doped with boron?
b) What type of magnetism is shown in the following alignment of magnetic moments?

c) What type of point defect are produced when AgCl is doped with CdCl2?
CHAPTER – 2 SOLUTIONS
Very Short Answer Type Questions. [1 Mark]
1. Two liquids A and B boil at 1450C and 1900C respectively. Which of them has a higher vapour pressure at
800C?
2. Which as the highest freezing point:
i) 1 M glucose b) 1 M NaCl c) 1 M CaCl2 d) 1 M AIF3
3. What would be the value of van’t Hoff factor for a dilute solution of K2SO4 in water?
4. What possible value of ‘i’ will it have if solute molecules undergo association in solution?
Short Answer Type Questions. [2 Mark]
1. Define the following terms:
i) Mole fractions
ii) Isotonic solutions
iii) Van’t Hoff factor
iv) Ideal solution
2. 18 g of glucose, C6H12O6, is dissolved in 1 kg of water in a saucepan. At what temperature will water boil at
1.103 bar? (Kb for H2O is 0.52 K kg mol-1)
3. 1.0 g of non-electrolyte solute dissolved in 50.0 g of benzene lowered the freezing point of benzene by 0.40 K.
The freezing point depression constant of benzene is 5.12 K kg mol-1. Find the molar mass of the solute.
 4. A 1.00 molal aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid (CCl3COOH) is heated to its boiling point. The solution
has the boiling point of 100.18 0C. Determine the van’t Hoff factor for trichloroacetic acid.
(Kb for water = 0.512 Kg mol-1)
Short Answer Type Questions. [3 Mark]
1. What mass of ethylene glycol (molar mass = 62.0 g mol-1) must be added 5.50 kg of water to lower the
freezing point of water to lower the freezing point of water from 0 0C to -10.0 0C (Kf for water = 1.86 K kg
mol-1)
Long Answer Type Questions. [5 Mark]
1. a) State Raoult’s law for a solution containing volatile components. Name the solution which follows Raoult’s
law at all concentrations and temperature.
b) Calculate the boiling point elevation for a solution prepared by adding 10 g of CaCl2 to 200 g of water. (Kb
for water = 0.512 K kg mol-1, Molar mass of CaCl2 = 111 g mol-1)
2. a) Define the following terms:
i) Molarity ii) Molal elevation constant (Kb)
b) A solution containing 15g urea (molar mass = 60 g mol-1) per litre of solution in water has the same
osmotic pressure (isotonic) as a solution of glucose (molar mass = 180 g mol-1) in water. Calculate the mass
glucose present in one litre of its solution.
3. a) Non-ideal solutions exhibit either positive or negative deviations from Raoult’s law. What are these
deviation and how are they caused?
b) What mass of NaCl (Molar mass = 58.5 g mol-1) must be dissolved in 65g of water to lower the freezing
point by 7.50 0C? The freezing point depression constant, Kf for water is 1.86 k Kg mol-1. Assume van’t Hoff
factor for NaCl is 1.87.

CHAPTER – 3 ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Very Short Answer Type Questions. [1 Mark]
1. Represent the galvanic cell in which the reactions is
Zn(s) + Cu2+(aq) Zn2+(aq) + Cu(s)
2. How much charge in Faraday is required for the reduction of 1 mol of Ag+ to Ag?
3. What mass of zinc (II) ion will be reduced by 1 mol of electrons?
Short Answer Type Questions. [2 Mark]
1. a) Following reaction occur at cathode during the electrolysis of aqueous silver chloride solution:
Ag+(aq) + e- Ag(s); E0= + 0.80 V
+ -
H (aq) + e ½H2(g); E0 = 0.00V
On the basis of their standard reduction electrode potential (E0) values, which reaction is feasible at the
cathode and why?
b) Define limiting molar conductivity. Why conductivity of an electrolyte solution decreases with the decrease
in concentration?
2. Determine the values of equilibrium constant (Kc) and G for the following reaction:
0

Ni(s)  2Ag   Ni2 (aq)  2Ag(s), E 0  1.05V(1 F  96500 C mol 1 )

3. The conductivity of 0.20 M KCl at 298 K is 0.025 S cm-1. Calculate its molar conductivity.
4. Calculate the time to deposit 1.27 g of copper at cathode when a current of 2 A was passed through the
solution of CuSO4. (Molar mass of Cu = 63.5 g mol -1, 1 F = 96500 C mol-1)
Short Answer Type Questions. [3 Mark]
1. a) Calculate  r G 0 for the reaction:
Mg(s) + Cu2+(aq) Mg2+(aq) + Cu(s)
Given E cell = + 2.71 V, 1 F = 96500 C mol -1
0

b) Name the type of cell which was used in Apollo space programme for providing electrical power.
2. What is corrosion? What are the factors which affect corrosion? CO2 is always present in natural water.
Explain its effect (increases,stop or no effect) on rusting of Fe.
Long Answer Type Questions. [5 Mark]
1. a) State Faraday’s first law of electrolysis. How much charge in terms of Faraday is required for the reduction
of 1 mol of Cu2+ to Cu?
b) Calculate emf. of the following cell at 298 K:
Mg(s) | Mg2+ (0.1 M) | |Cu2+ (0.01)| Cu(s)
(Given E0Cell = + 2.71 V, 1 F = 96500 C mol-1)
2. a) State Kohlrausch law of independent migration of ions. Write an expression for the molar conductivity of
acetic acid at infinite dilution according to Kohlrausch law.
3. b) Give  m for acetic acid.
0

Give that  m (HCl) = 426 S cm2 mol-1

0

 0m (NaCl) = 126 S cm2 mol-1

 0m (CH3COONa) = 91 S cm2 mol-1
CHAPTER – 4 CHEMICAL KINETICS
Very Short Answer Type Questions. [1 Mark]
1. Why does the rate of a reaction not remain constant throughout the reaction process?
2. Calculate the overall order of a reaction which has the rate expression
3
a) Rate = k [A]½[B]½ b) Rate = k [A] 2 [B]-1
3. Following graph is plot of the rate of reaction vs concentration of the reactant. What is the order of the
reaction?

Rate

Concentration
Short Answer Type Questions. [2 Mark]
1. The reaction 2 NO2  F2  2 NO2 F involves the following steps:
NO2  NO2 K
N 2 O4 ( Fast )
N2O4  F2  2NO2F(Slow)
Write the rate law. Calculate the overall order of the reaction and what is the rate determining step?
2. Define half life of a reaction. Write the expression of half-life for
i) zero order reaction and ii) first order reaction
3. What do you understand by the rate law and rate constant of a reaction? Identify the order of a reaction if
the units of its rate constant are:
4. i) L-1 mol s-1 ii) L mol-1 s-1
5. The rate constant for a first order reaction is 60 s-1. How much time will it take to reduce the
concentration of the reactant to 1/10th of its initial value?
Short Answer Type Questions. [3 Mark]
1. For the reaction:
2NO(g) + Cl2(g) 2NOCl(g),
The following data were collected. All the measurements were taken at 263 K.
Exp. No. Initial [NO] (M) Initial [Cl2](M) Initial rate of
disappearance of
Cl2(M/min)
1 0.15 0.15 0.60
2 0.15 0.30 1.20
3 0.30 0.15 2.40
4 0.25 0.25 ?
a) Write the expression for rate law.
b) Calculate the value of rate constant and specify its units.
c) What is the initial rate of disappearance of Cl2 in experiment no. 4?
 2. The following data were obtained during the first order thermal decomposition of SO2Cl2 at a constant
volume.

SO2Cl2(g)  SO2 (g) + Cl2 (g)

Experiment Time/second/-1 Total Pressure/atm

1 0 0.4
2 100 0.7

Calculate the rate constant.

(Given log 4 = 0.6021 & log2 = 0.3010)

Long Answer Type Questions. [5 Mark]

1. a) Define the following terms:
i) Activation energy ii) Rate constant
b) A first order reaction takes 10 minutes for 25% decomposition. Calculate t½ for the reaction. [Given log
2 = 0.3010, log 3 = 0.4771, log 4= 0.6021)
2. a) What is rate of reaction? Write two factors that affect the rate of reaction.
b) The rate constant of a first order reaction increases from 4 x 10-2 to 8 x 10-2 when temperature changes
from 270C to 370C. Calculate the energy of activation (Ea). log 2 = 0.3010, log 3 = 0.4771, log 4 = 0.6021)
3. a) For a reaction A + B P, the rate is given by Rate = k[A] [B]2
i) How is rate reaction affected if the concentration of ‘B’ is doubled?
ii) What is overall order of reaction if ‘A’ is present in large excess?
b) A first order reaction takes 23.1 minutes for 50% completion. Calculate the time required for 75%
completion of this reaction. log 2 = 0.301 log 3 = 0.4771, log 4 = 0.6021
CHAPTER – 5 SURFACE CHEMISTRY
Very Short Answer Type Questions. [1 Mark]
1. What is the effect of temperature on chemisorption?’
2. Out of BaCl2 and KCl, which one is more effective in causing coagulation of a negatively charged
colloidal Sol? Give reason.
3. Name the temperature above which the formation of micelles take place.
4. Give one example each of lyophobic sol and lyophilic sol.
5. Write the name of the state of (i) dispersed phase (ii) dispersion medium in the case of butter.
6. Write the dispersed phase and dispersion medium in smoke.
Short Answer Type Questions. [2 Mark]
1. Write the difference between physisorption and chemisorption with respect to the following:
i) Specificity ii) Temperature dependence iii) Reversibility iv) Enthalpy change
2. a) What happens when a freshly precipitated Fe(OH)3 is shaken with water containing a small quantity of
FeCl3?
b) Why is finely divided substance more effective as an adsorbent?
3. What is the difference between a colloidal solution and emulsion? What is the role of emulsifier in
forming emulsion?
Short Answer Type Questions. [3 Mark]
1. What are the characteristics of the following colloids? Give one example of each:
i) Multi-molecular colloids ii) Lyophobic sols iii) Emulsions
2. Explain the following:
a) Same substance can act bot has colloids and crystalloids.
b) Artificial rain is caused by spraying slat over clouds.
c) When beam of light is passed through a colloidal sol, the path of the beam gets illuminated.
3. Give reasons for the following observation:
a) A delta is formed at the meeting point of sea water and river water.
b) NH3 gas adsorbs more readily than N2 gas on the surface of charcoal.
c) Powdered substances are more effective adsorbents.
 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
CHAPTER – 1 HALOALKANES AND HALOARENES

Very Short Answer Type Questions. [1 Mark]

1. What happens when bromine attack CH2  CH  CH2  C  CH ?
2. Write the structure of the following compound: 2 –(2-chlorophenyl) -1-iodoethane.
3. Identify the products A and B formed in the following reaction:
CH3  CH 2 - CH  CH - CH3  HCl  A  B
4. Which would undergo SN2 reaction faster in the following pair and why?
CH3- CH2 – Br and CH3 – CH2 – I
5. A solution of KOH hydrolyses CH3CHClCH2CH3 and CH3CH2CH2CH2Cl. Which one of these is more
easily hydrolysed?
6. Which will react faster in SN2 displacement, 1-bromopentane or 2-bromopentane and why?

Short Answer Type Questions. [2 Mark]

1. i) CH3Cl  KCN  ?
Cl
+ CH3Cl 3  ? ?
AlCl
ii)
2. Identify the compounds A,B, C and D in the following sequence of reaction:
Conc.H 2 SO4
C2H5OH A HBr

 B KOH
  C I
( aq )
 D
2 , NaOH

443K
yellow ppt.

3. Cyanide ion acts as an ambident nucleophile from which end it acts as a stronger nucleophile in aqueous
medium? Give reason for your answer.

4. What are ambident nucleophiles? Explain with example.

5. Explain why: 3
i) the dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than that of cyclohexyl chloride?
ii) alkyl halides, though polar, are immiscible with water?
iii) Grignard reagents should be prepared under anhydrous conditions?

Short Answer Type Questions. [3 Mark]

1. Write the IUPAC name of the following compounds:

CH3

i) CH3 – C – CH – CH3

CH3Cl

ii) CH3 – CH – CH2 – CH == CH2

Cl
CH3

iii) CH3CH==CH – C – CH3

Br

2. Complete the following chemical equations:

reduction
i) CH3CH2Cl NaCN
(A) (B)
Ni/H 2
 ii) C6H5N2Cl + H3PO2 + H2O 
O
||
LiAlH 4
iii) R – C – NH2
H 2O
3. What happens when:
i) Chlorobenzene is treated with Cl2/FeCl3,
ii) Ethyl chloride is treated with AgNO2,
iii) 2-bromopentane is treated with alcoholic KOH?
Write the chemical equation in support of your answer.

4. a) Write a chemical test to distinguish between:

i) Chlorobenzene and Benzyl chloride
ii) Chloroform and Carbon tetrachloride.
b) Why is methyl chloride hydrolysed more easily than chlorobenzene?
5. How would you convert the following:
i) Prop-1-ene to 1-fluoropropane ii) Chloro Benzene to 2-choloro toluene
iii) Ethanol to propane nitrile

6. Write the following reaction

i) Finkelstein Reaction ii) Swartz Reaction iii) Wurtz Fitting Reaction

iv) Sandmeyer Reaction v) Wurtz Reaction

Chapter – 2 Alcohol, Phenol & Ether

Very Short Answer Type Questions. [ 1 Mark]
1. Write the IUPAC name of the given compound:
CH3- CH-CH2-O – CH2-CH3
|
CH3
2. Which the IUPAC name of the following isomers is more volatile:
o-nitrophenol or p-nitrophenol.
3. Arrange the following in decreasing order of their acidic character:
i) CH3 O - -OH, ii) O2N - - OH, iii) C6H5OH.

4. Name a compound which is used as antiseptic as well as disinfectant.

5. Write the chemical equation for the preparation of phenol from benzene using oleum and sodium
hydroxide.
6. Convert anisole to p-Bromoanisole.
7. Write the structure of the following compound : 2-methyl-2-ethoxypentane.

Short Answer Type Questions. [ 2 Marks]

1. Write the equations involved in the following reactions:

i) Reimer-Tiemann reaction ii) Kolbe’s reaction
iii) Williamson Synthesis iv) Friedal craft acetylation of anisole
2. Write chemical equations when:
i) Ethyl chloride is treated with aqueous KOH.
ii) Chlorobenzene is treated with CH3COCl in presence of anhydrous AlCl3.
3. Write the structural formulae of the organic compounds ‘A’, ‘B’, ‘C’ and ‘D’ in the following sequence of
reactions:
4.
' A'CH3 MgBr H

2O
 CH3  CH 2  CH  CH3 Conc.H
2SO 
4  B 
Br2
C alc.KOH
  ' D'
|
OH
 5. How would you obtain:
i) Picric acid (2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol) from phenol,
ii) 2-Methylpropene from 2-methylpropanol.
6. Write the reactions and the conditions involved in the conversion of:
a) Propene to 1-Propanol b) Phenol to Salicyclic acid

Short Answer Type Questions.[ 3 Marks]

1. Account for the following:

i) The boiling point of ethanol is higher than that of methanol.
ii) Phenol is a stronger acid than an alcohol.
iii) The boiling points of ethers are lower than isomeric alcohols.
2. How do you convert the following:
i) Phenol to anisole ii) Propan-2-ol to 2-methylpropan-2-ol
iii) Aniline to phenol
3. a) Write the mechanism of the following reaction:

2CH3CH2OH 
H
CH3CH 2  O  CH 2 CH3
b) Write the equation involved in the acetylation of Salicyclic acid.
4. Give two reactions that show the acidic nature of phenol. Compare its acidity with that of ethanol.
5. Write the mechanism of acid dehydration of ethanol to yield ethene.
6. Write the mechanism of the reaction of HI with Methoxyethane.
7. Predict the product of following
i) CH3-CH = CH2 i) B2H6
ii) 3H2O2/OH
Br2(aq)
ii) C6H5 – OH
iii) CH3CH2 OH Cu/573K

Long Answer Type Questions. [5 Marks]

1. a) Give reason for the following:

i) o-nitrophenol is more acidic than o-methoxyphenol.
ii)C-O bond in phenol is much shorter than ethanol.
b) Give chemical test to distinguish between the following pair of compounds.
i) Ethanol and phenol ii) Methanol and propan-2-ol
iii) Phenol &carboxylic aced
c) Write IUPAC name of the following:
C6H5O-CH-C4H9
|
CH2
|
CH3
2.a) Predict the major product of acid catalyzed dehydration of
i) 1-Methyl cyclohexanol
ii) Butan – 1 – ol
b) While separating a mixture of ortho and para-nitrophenol by distillation, name the isomer which will
be steam volatile. Give reason.
 Chapter – 3 Aldehyde, Ketone and Carboxylic Acid
Very Short Answer Type Questions. [1 Mark]
1. Write IUPAC name of the following compound:

O
||
CH3 – C – O – CH – CH3
|
CH3
2. Write the structure of 4-chloropentan – 2 – one.
3. Write the structure of p-Methylbenzaldehyde molecule.
4. Arrange the following in increasing order of acidic character:
HCOOH, ClCH2COOH, CF3COOH, CCl3COOH
5. Write the IUPAC name of :
OCOCH3

H3C CH3

6. Write the IUPAC name of the following:

O
||
CH3 – C=C-CH==CH-C-OH

Short Answer Type Questions. [2 Marks]

1. Write the chemical equations to illustrate each of the following reactions:

i) Acylation reaction ii) Resenmund reduction
2. Write the reagents required in the following reactions:
a) CH2=CH-CH2OH 

?
CH 2  CH  CHO
CH 3  COOH 

?
CH 3  CONH 2
b)

Short Answer Type Questions. [3 Marks]

1. Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of their property as indicated:

i) Acetaldehyde, Acetone, Di-tert-butyl ketone, Methyl tert-butyl ketone (reactivity towards HCN)
ii) CH3CH2CH(Br)COOH, CH3CH(Br)CH2COOH, (CH3)2CHCOOH,CH3CH2CH2COOH (acid
strength.
iii) Benzoic acid, 4-Nitrobenzoic acid, 3, 4-Dinitrobenzoic acid, 4-Methoxybenzoic acid (acid
strength)
2. Predict the products of the following reactions:
2 N  NH2
CH3  C  O H  ?
(a)KMnO 4 /KOH
i) | ii) C6 H 5  CH3  O ?
(b)H 
CH3
Br
2/FeBr
 2  ?
iii) COOH

3. How are the following conversions carried out?

 i) Ethylcyanide to ethanoic acid
ii) Butan-1-ol to butanoic acid
iii) Benzoic acid to m-bromobenzoic acid.
Long Answer Type Questions.[5 Marks]
1. a) Describe (i) Aldol condensation ii) Cannizaro’s reaction
b) Describe a chemical test to distinguish between
i) Ethanal and Propanal ii) Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone
iii) pentan-2-one and pentan-3-one
2. a) Account for the folloiwng:
i) CH3CHO is more reactive than CH3COCH3 towards reaction with HCN.
ii) Carboxylic acid is a stronger acid than phenol.
b) Write the chemical equations to illustrate the following name reactions:
i) Wolff-Kishner reduction
ii) Aldol condensation
iii)Cannizzaro reaction
3. Account for the following:
i) Cl-CH2COOH is a stronger acid than CH3COOH.
ii) Carboxylic acids do not give reactions of carbonyl group.
b) Write the chemical equations to illustrate the following name reactions:
i) HVZ Reaction ii) Kolbe’s reaction
c) Out of CH3CH2 – CO – CH2 – CH3 and CH3CH2 – CH2 – CO – CH3, which gives iodoform test?
Chapter – 4 Compound Containing Nitrogen – Amines
Very Short Answer Type Questions.[1 Mark]
1. Give the IUPAC name of H2N – CH2 – CH2 – CH = CH2.
2. What is the structure and IUPAC name of the compound, allyl amine?
3. Why is an alkylamine more basic than ammonia?
4. Which of the two is more basic and why?
NH2NH2

OR

CH3

5. Arrange the following in increasing order of basic strength:

C6H5NH2, C6H5NHCH3, C6H5CH2NH2
6. Write one reaction that can be used as a test for primary amines.
7. Arrange the following in increasing order of basic strength:
Aniline, p-Nitroaniline, p-Toludine
8. How will you convert aniline to iodobenzene?
9. Identify A and B in each of the following processes:
reduction
i) CH 3CH 2Cl   A
NaCN
B
Ni / H 2
C 6 H 5 NH 2
ii) C 6 H 5 NH 2   A
NaNO / HCl
B
OH 
10. How will you bring about the following conversions?
a) Nitrobenzene to Phenol b) Aniline to Chlorobenzene
Short Answer Type Questions.[ 3 Marks]
1. Give the structure of A, B and C in the following reactions:
LiAlH 4 HNO2
i) CH 3 Br KCN
 A  B C
273K
 Br2  KOH
3  NaOH
ii) CH 3COOH  A   B CHCl
  C
NH 3

2. Complete the following reaction equations:

i) O
||
LiAlH 4
R - C - NH 2
H 2O
ii) C6H5N2Cl + H3PO2 + H2O 
iii) C6H5NH2 + Br2 (aq) 
Long Answer Type Questions.[5 Marks]
1. An aromatic compound ‘A’ of molecular formula C7H7ON undergoes a series of reactions as shown below.
Write the structures of A,B , C, D and E in the following reactions:
NaNO2  HCl
2 
(C7 H 7 ON ) A Br  C6 H 5 NH 2
KOH
B CH
3CH
2
 C
OH

273
CHCl3 + NaOH KI

D E

2.a) Illustrate the following reactions giving suitable example in each case:

i) Ammonolysis ii) Coupling reaction iii) Acetylation of amines

b) Describe Hinsberg method for the identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines. Also write the
chemical equations of the reactions involved.