2SUPP SUPPLEMENTAL PROBLEM: COMPARING SPREADSHEET AND CALCULA

2-1. Obtain 20 measurements from two different organisms of the same species. e.g., the lengths of
20 mature leaves from each of two plants of the same species, or the diameters of toes/fingers from
2 people. Put data into 2 digits (e.g., 34 mm). Calculate, for each individual, these statistics:

1. COUNT (n) =
2. RANGE (from lowest =MIN to highest =MAX) =
3. SUM (Total); (note that SUM = nm) =
4. AVG or Mean (m) =
5. Standard Deviation (s) or =STDEV =
Note: this may be sigma sub n-1 on some calculators
Formula, without calculator; s = SQRT (SumX^2 - (SumX)^2/n)/(n-1)
6. Standard error of the mean (SEm) = s/(SQRT n) =
7. Coefficient of Variation (CV) = s/m in % =
8. Mean Square (MS) = (s^2) or =VAR =
9. Variance = MS * (n-1)/n or =VARP on EXCEL spreadsheets =
Variance is a population parameter, MS is a sample statistic; Variance = sigma^2, MS = s^2
When comparing two samples, calculate:
10. Mean Difference (MD) = m1 - m2 =
11. Standard error of difference (SEd) = SQRT (SE1^2+SE2^2) =
12. t = MD/SEd (Use Fisher's t table to test significance) =
Complete the ANOV, using this method for Hand Calculator:
13. COUNT X (n) = total of both trees =
14. SUM X (for both trees) =
15. Cf = (SUM X)^2/n =
16. SUM X^2 (for both trees) =
17. SS Total = SUM X^2 - Cf =
18. SS Trees = ((Sum X1)^2 + (Sum X2)^2))/20 - Cf =
19. SS Error = SS Total - SS Trees =
Note: MS = SS/df; F = ratio of MS values, normally comparing (e.g.) MStrees with MS Error

Complete the following ANOV Table:

Source df SS MS F
Total 39
Trees 1
Error 38
Note: A major time-saving in analysis occurs with spreadsheets!!
VARIANCES (=VARP) and Sums of Squares are simply calculated by:
Variances: Use @VAR function (=VARP on EXCEL)
n values: Use @COUNT function (=COUNTA on EXCEL)
SS = Sums of Squares = the product of =VARP * =COUNTA

2supp (continued) An example of data for questions above:

Plant 1 Plant 2 Plant 1 Plant 2

data data 1. Count 20 20
5 7 (Max) 7 9
6 6 (Min) 3 5
3 7 2. Range 3-7 5-9
7 7 3. SumX 107 140
6 6 4. Average 5.35 7
6 8 5. stdev 1.1821 1.1698
4 6 6. SE of mean 0.26433 0.26157
5 9 7. C.V. 22.0954 16.7114
5 7 8. MS 1.39737 1.36842
6 5 9. VAR 1.3275 1.3
4 8
7 7 10. MD 1.65
5 6 11. SEd 0.37187
6 9 12. t 4.437
5 7
7 6 (see 13, 14, etc below)
7 6
4 8
5 9
4 6
107 140 = Sums

13. COUNT X (n) = total of both trees = 40

14. SUM X (for both trees) = 247
15. Cf = (SUM X)^2/n = 1525.23
16. SUM X^2 (for both trees) = 1605
17. SS Total = SUM X^2 - Cf = 79.775
18. SS Trees = ((Sum X1)^2 + (Sum X2)^2))/20 - Cf = 27.225
19. SS Error = SS Total - SS Trees = 52.55

Source df SS MS F
Total 39 79.775
Trees 1 27.225 27.23 19.69
Error 38 52.550 1.38

Spreadsheet approach:
SS TOTAL = 79.775 (=VARP(Range)*n)
SS TREES = 27.225 (=VARP(SUMs)*2/20)
HEET AND CALCULATOR

.g., the lengths of

oes/fingers from

ith MS Error