MATERIALS QUALITY

CONTROL
AND
HYDROLOGY DIVISION
Quality Assurance (20 %)

 Concepts/Policies
 Materials
 Sampling and Testing
 Minimum Testing Requirements
 Miscellaneous
CONCEPTS /
POLICIES
Quality Control and Its Significance

QUALITY CONTROL FORMULA

HQ (M + W) = (HQ + E) S

WHERE:
HQ = High Quality
M = Materials
W = Work
E = Economical
S = Structure
 WHAT IS QUALITY CONTROL?
• Quality is degree of excellence. It is described by
such general item as: STABLE, DURABLE, RIGID OR
FLEXIBLE. Some equate it to cost, others to comfort.
However, quality for different individuals may vary
since it is influenced by factors such as: ECONOMICS,
AESTHETICS, SAFETY OR PERFORMANCE LEVEL.

• Quality control is checking for conformance to

requirements.

• is widely and increasingly used in the construction

industry.

• It is instituted during the course of construction as a

preventive tool, not as corrective measure. Preventive
measures are always more economical.
Quality Control is an essential part of
engineering practice and it’s vital to the development of
better public works, highways, or other infrastructures. It
is necessary when one party, the builder/contractor,
does the work for another party, the owner.

• The owner is the individual or company who needs for a

structure but does not have the ability to build it himself.
So he hires another party to do it for him.

• other party is the contractor, also an individual or

company, who builds for others.

• The two enter into contract, including the plans and

specifications which contain, among others, the agreed-
upon requirements and the compensation to be paid.
 WHAT IS CONTROL?

Control is to regulate. It is usually in

relation to weight, population, or prices.

It is instituted when there is a need to

check or regulate due to some important,
compelling reasons.
 WHAT IS ASSURANCE?
Assurance a degree of certainty. Quality assurance is the
function of the owner to verify that the work is done in
accordance with the specifications. Some call it acceptance
inspections.

In this concept, quality control is a system which involves the

joint but independent efforts of the owner and the contractor
to achieve the level of quality desired by the owner as
established in the project specifications. It is a check and
balance system.

The contractor’s task is to regulate, test and inspect his

procedures, equipment, materials and manpower so that the
completed facility will comply with the requirements.

The owner’s task is to verify that the contractor’s quality

control system is functioning and the completed structure or
part of the structure is of the specified quality.
 THE MODERN CONCEPT OF
QUALITY CONTROL

• In the past, quality control inspection in a construction

project was regarded as a police action to ensure
compliance and minimize neglect of the requirements.

• Recently, a new concept of quality control has

emerged.
It is a joint effort of the two parties involved and it calls
for a two-fold program, namely:
1. Quality control by the contractor
2. Quality assurance by the owner
 WHOSE RESPONSIBILITY IS QUALITY
CONTROL?

- The concept that quality control rests solely

on the Materials Engineer is wrong. Quality
control is the responsibility of everyone
involved in the construction. It is the
responsibility of the contractor’s engineers,
inspectors, technicians and laborers.
- Quality control is a team effort, it is like a
chain that a weakness in any one link will
cause the whole chain to fail, all parties
involved in the construction must do their
part in order to insure success of a quality
control program.
 QUALITY CONTROL
PROGRAM
The first step in quality control is the
preparation of the plan or program by the
contractor. He submits it to the owner or his
representative. The plan should include
provisions on how the work and materials
should inspect and the nature and amount
of testing work to be done. It should also
indicate whether a project quality control
laboratory will be set up to facilitate testing.
 Quality Control Program
1. Test to be done:
GPC – Grading, Plasticity, Compaction
D – Density
Q – Quality Test
IR – Inspection Report
ABR – Abrasion
CBR – California Bearing Ratio
SP.GR – Specific Gravity
2. Inspection:
Continuous quality control inspection on all items of work
shall be done as construction work progresses. Inspection
Report to be submitted as required.
3. A project quality control laboratory will be set up to facilitate
the work.
 THE 7 IMPORTANT
POLICIES
TO EFFECT QUALITY
CONTROL
COMPLIANCE
IN PROJECT
IMPLEMENTATION
1. M.C. # 38, series of 1981, Certificate of Quality
Control Assurance
2. M.C. #33, series of 1981, Provision of Laboratory
Facilities, Equipment and Personnel for Quality
Control and D.O #80, series of 1990, Inclusion of
the Minimum Materials Testing Equipment in the
Prequalification of Contractors
3. M.O #80, series of 1978, Accomplishment of
Logbook
4. M.O. #119, series of 1992, Thickness
Determination for Concrete and Asphalt Pavement
5. D.O. #55, series of 1989, submission of Materials
Quality Control Reports and other Related
Documents.
6. Accomplishment of Project Logbook
7. Availability of the following project
documents in the project site or field/
District/ Regional/Project Management
Office:
a. Approved Plans and Specifications
b. Program of Work with Detailed Estimates
c. Contract Documents
d. Change Order and/or Variation Order, if
applicable
e. Latest Statement of Work Accomplished
MATERIALS
SAMPLING
AND
TESTING
 Sampling and Testing of
Construction Materials (D.O. #13,
series of 1987)
To avoid problems that may arise as a
result of improper quality control and to
ensure high quality structures, the sampling
and testing of all construction materials for
government infrastructure projects shall be
undertaken as follows:

1. Samples should be taken from the

materials stocked at the plant/project sites;
2. For samples to be tested at the DPWH Field
Laboratory, sampling and testing should be
fully supervised by the Government
Materials Engineer;
3. Where the DPWH Regional and District
Laboratories do not have the facilities to
perform test on samples of construction
materials, testing shall be allowed in testing
laboratories/private institutions accredited
by the DPWH which have such testing
capabilities, provided that the testing shall
be witnessed by authorized government
representatives;
4. For small contract projects of the
Department located in remote areas where
the quantity of cement to be used is too
small and where there are no accessible
testing laboratories to check the quality of
the materials, exception on the
requirements for the performance of
laboratory test on cement prior to use may
be allowed, provided that trial mixes shall
be done for every batch of delivery and
that the mixes meet the concrete strength
requirements
5. Testing of steel bars by DPWH –
accredited Laboratories/Private
Institutions shall be allowed, provided that
the testing shall be witnessed by
authorized government representatives.
For small projects located in remote areas
where the quantity of steel bars is 10,000
kgs. or less, mill certificates may be used
as basis for the acceptance of the
material.
Materials Minimum Testing Minimum Qty./ Vol. of
Requirements Matls. For each
samples submitted
7. Reinforced Conc. Pipe 1 Sample per 50 pipes or 1 pipe (1 m length)
2% of no. pipes
8. Steel Pipe (Galvanized) 1 Sample per 500m length 2 pcs of 100 mm
long taken from
Both ends w/o
Thread.
9. Conc. Hollow Blocks 1 Sample per 10,000 units
a. Complete test 6 units
b. Strength 3 units
c. Moisture Content 3 units

10. Steel Bar 1 Sample per 10,000 kgs. 1 meter

11. Steel Sheet (Galvanized) 1 Sample per 10,000 sheets 1 sheet
12. Wire Strand (Strap) 2 meters
13. Gabions 1m x 2m
14. Paints 1 Sample per 100 cans 1 (4L can)
1 (20L can)
 Materials Minimum Testing Minimum Qty./ Vol. of
Requirements Matls. For each
samples submitted

15. Joint Filler (Pre-Mold) For every shipment 1 ( 400 mm x 400

mm)
16. Curing Compound For every Shipment 1 liter

17. Concrete Cylinder 1 Set of 4 cylinders 1 set of 3 cylinder

for every 75 cu,m. or day of pouring (6” x 12”)

18. Concrete Beam 1 Set of 3 beams for 1 set of 3 beams

every 75 cu,m .or day of pouring (6x6 “ x 21”)

19. Concrete Core 5 cores/km/lane

20. Asphalt Cores 1 core/100m/lane
21. Water Analysis
a. Chemical Analysis 500 ml
b. Sediment Analysis 500 ml
22. Structural Steel Sheet Reduced Section
(as prescribed)
 MINIMUM
TESTING
REQUIREMENTS
o The prescribed tests on the construction
materials to be used in a project based on
approved contract quantities.
o The requirements which specify the kind
and number of tests for each pay item of
works.
o It should emphasized that what are
specified are the minimum number of
testing only. Additional number of test can
be require to the materials if the owner/
inspector is in doubt of the quality of
materials or the finished structure.
Cement
for every 2000 bags or fraction thereof: Q-1
 F.A
for every 1,500 cu.m. or fraction thereof: Q-1
 C.A
for every 1,500 cu.m. or fraction thereof: Q-1
 Reinforcing Steel Bars
for every 10,000 kgs or fraction thereof: Q-1/size
Curing Compound
For every shipment: Q-1
 Asphalt Cement
for every shipment: Q-1
 RCPC
For every 50 pieces or fraction thereof: Q-1
(Strength, absorption and dimension)
 CHB
for every 10,000 pieces/size or fraction thereof: Q-1
 Paint
one 20 liters can for every 100 cans or fraction thereof: Q-1
 Gabion / Matress / Filter Fabric
for every shipment: Q-1
 Item 200 – Agg. Sub base Course
for every 1,500 cu.m. or fraction thereof: Abrasion – 1
for every 2,500 cu.m. or fraction thereof: CBR – 1
 Item 201 – Agg. Base Course
for every 1,500 cu.m. or fraction thereof: Q-1
for every 2,500 cu.m. or fraction thereof: CBR – 1
 Item 612 – Thermoplastic Paint (White and
Yellow)
for every 100 bags or fraction thereof: Q-1
 Minimum Testing Requirements;
(Commonly Used Materials)
 Item 103 (Structure Excavation) and Item
104 (Embankment)
for every 1,500 cu.m. or fraction thereof
1 – G, Grading Test
1 – P, Plasticity Test (LL, P.I, PL)
1 – C, Compaction Test
for each 500m of each layer of compacted fill or fraction
thereof at least one group of three in – situ density test.
The layer shall be placed not exceeding 200mm in loose
measurement or based on the result of compaction trials.
 Item 200 (Agg. Sub Base Course)
for every 300 cu.m or fraction thereof
1 – G, Grading Test
1 – P, Plasticity Test (LL, P.I, PL)

for every 1,500 cu.m or fraction thereof

1 – C, Compaction Test
1 – Abr, Abrasion Test
For each 500m of each layer of compacted fill or fraction
thereof at least one group of three in – situ density tests.
The layer shall be placed not exceeding 150mm in loose
measurement or based on the result of compaction
trials.

For every 2,500 cu.m. or fraction thereof

1 – CBR, California Bearing Ratio Test
 Item 201 (Agg. Base Course)
for every 300 cu.m. or fraction thereof
1 – G, Grading Test
1 – P, Plasticity Test (LL, P.I, PL)
for every 1,500 cu.m or fraction thereof
1 – C, Compaction Test
1 – Q, Quality Test
for each 500m of each layer of compacted fill or fraction
thereof at least one group of three in-situ density tests. The
layer shall be placed not exceeding in loose measurement
or based on the result of compacted trials.
 for every 2,500 cu.m. or fraction thereof
1 – CBR, California Bearing Ratio Test
 Fine and Coarse Aggregates
For every 75 cu.m or fraction thereof:
1 – G, Grading Test

For every 1,500 cu.m or fraction thereof:

1 – Q, Quality Test
 Rocks
For every 1,500 cu.m. or fraction thereof:
1 – Sp.gr, Specific Gravity
1 – I.R, Inspection Report
 Item 405 (Structural Concrete)
For every 75 cu.m. of concrete or fraction thereof for
each pouring day:
# - 1, Cylinder samples consisting of three (3) pieces to
be tested for Compressive Strength Tests
 Item 311 (PCCP)
for every 75 cu.m. of concrete or fraction thereof for each
pouring day:
## - 1, Beam samples consisting three(3) pieces to be
tested for Flexural Strength Test
 Item 500 (RCPC)
For every 50 pieces or fraction thereof: Q-1
(Strength, absorption and dimension)

For every 25 pieces or fraction thereof:

1 – I.R, Inspection Report

Alternative Requirement
1 – set consisting 3 concrete cylinder samples for not
more than 25 pieces cast in the field and
1 – Inspection Report for each size for not more than 25
pieces cast in the field.
MISCELLANEO
US
 Miscellaneous Concrete Products

CONCRETE HOLLOW BLOCK (CHB)

Specification:
Non Loading Bearing Concrete Masonry Unit
Strength Requirement
Individual 3.45 Mpa (500 psi) Min.
Average 4.14 Mpa (600 psi) Min.
Load Bearing Concrete Masonry Unit
Strength Requirement
Individual 5.50 Mpa (800 psi) Min.
Average 6.90 Mpa (1000 psi) Min.

Absorption 240 kg/m³ Max.

Moisture Content 45% Max.
Dimension 4”x 8”x 16 and 6”x 8”x 16

Sample Quantity 3 unit for strength

3 unit for moisture and absorption

Minimum Testing Requirement: Q-1 / 10,000 unit

ITEM 500 – REINFORCE CONCRETE
CULVERT PIPE
Joint mortar for concrete pipes shall
consist of one (1) part of volume of
Portland cement and two (2) parts of sand.
Mortar shall be used within 30 minutes
after its preparation.
Bedding – the conduit bedding shall
conform to one of the classes specified.
When no bedding class is specified the
requirements for Class “C” bedding shall
apply.
Class “A” bedding shall consist of a
continuous concrete cradle conforming to
the plan details.
Class “B” bedding shall consist of bedding
the conduit to a depth of not less than 30%
of the vertical outside diameter.
Minimum thickness of bedding materials
beneath the pipe – 100 mm.
Bedding material shall be sand or selected
sandy oil all of which passes 9.5 mm sieve
and not more than 10% of which passes a
0.075mm sieve.
Layer of bedding material shall be shaped to
fit the conduit for at least 15% of its total
height.
Class “C” bedding shall consist of bedding
the conduit to a depth of not less than 10%
of its total weight.
Pipe Corrugation Depth Minimum Bedding
Depth
10mm 25mm
25mm 50mm
50mm 75mm
Backfilling – Materials for backfilling on each
side of the conduit for the full trench width
and to an elevation of 300 mm above the top
of conduits shall be fine, readily compactible
soil or granular material. Granular backfill
material – 95% passing 12.5 mm sieve and
not less than 95% 4.75 mm sieve.
Strength determine by the result of Three
Edge Bearing Test for the load to produce a
0.03 mm crack.

Absorption Test – not to exceed 9% of the dry

mass
(sample should be free of visible crack)
 Miscellaneous Manufactured
Products
ITEM 404 – REINFORCING STEEL BARS
Reinforcing steel shall conform to the
requirements of the following
specifications:
Deformed Billet
Steel bars for - AASHTO M31
concrete reinforcement (ASTM 615)
Deformed Steel Wire
For concrete reinforcement - AASHTO M225
(ASTM A 496)
Cold – Drawn Steel wire - AASHTO M32
For concrete reinforcement (ASTM A 82)
Bar Reinforcement for concrete structures,
Nos. 3 through 11 shall be deformed.
Steel reinforcement when placed in the
work, shall be free of dirt, detrimental rust,
loose scale, paint, grease, oil, or other
foreign materials and injurious defects
such as cracks and laminations.
 Reinforcing Steel Bars (AASHTO M31)
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
Grade 40 Grade 60 Grade 75
Tensile Strength, 420 620 689
min., Mpa
Yield Strength.,
min., Mpa 280 420 517
Elongation in 200mm,
min., %
Bar Ø, mm
10 11 7
12,16,20 12 7
28,32 7
36 7 6
Bending Requirement – No cracking on
outside bent portion
Variation in mass, % - 6.0 max. under
nominal mass
Phosphorus content, % - 0.06 max.
 Deformation Requirement, mm
Nominal Cross –
Bar Ø Weight Sectional Max Ave. Min Ave. Max. Gap
Area Spacing Height

10 0.616 0.71 6.7 0.38 3.5

12 0.888 1.29 8.9 0.51 4.9

16 1.579 2.00 11.1 0.71 6.1

20 2.460 2.84 13.3 0.96 7.3

22 2.577 3.87 15.5 1.11 8.5

25 3.854 5.10 17.8 1.27 9.7

28 4.833 6.45 20.1 1.42 10.9

32 6.313 8.19 22.6 1.62 11.4

36 7.991 10.06 25.1 1.80 13.6

Sample quantity – 1 meter/size
Minimum Testing Requirement:
A. Bar reinforcement for concrete for every
10,000 kgs or fraction for each size
Q-1, Quality test for bending, tension and
chemical analysis
B. Wire and Wire mesh
Q-1, Quality Test
ITEM 509 – GABIONS
This item shall consist of furnishing and placing rock and
wire mesh basket (gabion), installed at the location
designated.

Gabion shall be constructed of wire mesh and shall be

supplied in various lengths and heights. The lengths shall
be multiples of 2,3, or 4 times the width of the gabion and
heights shall be equal to ½ or 1/3 of the horizontal width.
The horizontal width shall not be less than one (1) meter.

Gabion dimensions has a tolerance limit of ±3 %

The wire mesh shall be made of galvanized steel having a

minimum size of 3.05 mm diameter.
Tensile strength of the wire – 413.7 to 586.1 Mpa
Minimum Zinc coating of wire – 22.7 grams per 0.0929 m² of
uncoated wire (0.244 kg/m²)
Rock sizes ranging from 100 mm to 200mm
Filled gabions shall have a minimum density of 1400 kg/m³
Sodium Sulfate soundness loss shall not exceed 9% after 5
cycles.

The maximum linear dimensions of the opening shall not

exceed 11mm and the area of mesh opening shall not
exceed 51.6 cm³
Selvage wire diameter, Gauge 10 – 3.4 mm min.
Body wire diameter, Gauge 12 – 2.7 mm min.
Tie wire diameter – 2.2 mm min.
Minimum Testing Requirement: Q-1 for each shipment
Sample Quantity – 2m
ITEM 603 – GUARDRAIL
Four types of guardrail
1. Wire rope or wire cable - AASHTO M 30
2. Chain Link fabric - AASHTO M 181
3. Metal Beam Rail - AASHTO M 180
4. Timber rail
Timber guardrail shall be of the first group of Philippine
timber like, Ipil, Molave, Tindalo, or Yakal and shall be
well-seasoned, straight and free of injurious defects.
Timber/lumber well seasoned moisture content – 12 –
18%
Rough Lumber not less than 22%
Dress Lumber kiln dried not less than 14%
Guardrail post shall be either wood, steel or concrete.
Only one kind of post shall be used for any one
continuous guardrail.
The surfaces and sawed edges of untreated
or salt – treated guardrail shall be painted
with three coats of white pint to within 200
mm of the ground line. The first 200 mm
of posts above the ground shall be painted
with two coats of black paint.
For beam type guardrails, metal works not
galvanized shall be given one shop coat of
red lead, zinc chromate paint or any
approved fast drying rust inhibitive primer
and two field coats of white or aluminum
paint.
METAL BEAM RAIL (AASHTO M 180)
Classes:
1. Class “A” – Base metal nominal thickness of 0.105 in.
(2.67 mm)
2. Class “B” – Base metal nominal thickness of 0.135 in.
(3.43 mm)

TYPE:
Type 1 – Zinc coated, 1.80 ounces per sq. ft (550 G/m²)
min single spot.
Type 2 – Zinc coated, 3.60 ounces per sq. ft. (1100 G/m²)
min single spot.
Type 3 – Beams to be painted
Type 4 – Beams of corrosion resistant steel
Beams and transition sections:
Yield Point, min,. 50,000 psi (345 Mpa)
Tensile Strength, min, 70,000 psi (438 Mpa)
Elongation, in 2 inch (50mm), minimum, 12%

End and Buffer Sections:

Yield Point, min., 33,000 psi (227 Mpa)
Tensile Strength, min., 45,000 psi (310 Mpa)

Zinc Coated specimens:

Type 1 – 0.003 in. (0.08 mm)
Type 2 – 0.006 in. (0.15 mm)

Sheet width:
W beam – nominal width of 19 in. (483 mm)
Thrie beam – nominal width of 29 ½ in. (749 mm)
Permissible Tolerance of minus 1/8 in. (3.2 mm)
 Weight Coating
Min. check limit single Min. check limit triple
Type spot spot
Test oz/ft² g/m² Test oz/ft² g/m²

1 1.80 550 2.00 610

2 3.60 1100 4.00 1120

 Beam Sheet Thickness
Class A Class B

Tolerance Tolerance
under specified under specified
Type Thickness thickness no Thickness thickness no
limit for over limit for over
thickness thickness

In. In. In. In.

mm mm mm mm
1 0.108 0.009 0.138 0.010
2.74 0.23 3.51 0.25
2 0.111 0.009 0.141 0.010
2.82 0.23 3.58 0.25
3 0.105 0.009 0.135 0.010
2.67 0.23 3.43 0.25
4 0.105 0.009 0.135 0.010
2.67 0.23 3.43 0.25
Effective length of beam – 12’ – 6” or 25’ – 0” (3.80 m or
7.60 m)

Minimum Testing Requirement: Q-1 size for every shipment

ITEM 1013 – CORRUGATED METAL ROOFING

G.I. Sheet shall be cold rolled meeting ASTM A 153
Zinc Coating of not less than 0.381 kg/m² (1.25 oz/sq.ft)
Unless otherwise specified or shown on plan roofing sheet
shall be gauge 26 (0.48 mm thick)
Sheet shall weigh not less than 3.74 kg/m²

Sample Quantity – one sheet

Minimum Testing Requirement:
Q-1, for each lot of 2,500 sheets or fraction thereof.
Or Q – 1, for each 20 ton or fraction thereof
ITEM 606 – PAVEMENT MARKINGS
Composition of Pavement Marking Paint
Composition of Solvent
Material Composition by volume (%)

Raw tung Oil 15

Normal butyl Alcohol 17

Acetone cp (dimethyl ketone) 34

Denatural Alcohol (formula 34

#1)
The alcohol and acetone shall be first be
mixed then the oil added to form a clear
solution at 21° C.
Composition of Vehicle
Composition of Pigment
 Composition of Paint
Composition by weight (%)
Material
White Yellow

Pigment 42 – 45 23

Vehicle 55 – 58 77
 Grading of Ballotini shall be as follows:
U.S Standard Sieve Percent Passing
Mm Alternative by weight
1.18 No.16 100
0.850 No.20 65 - 75
0.600 No. 30 45 - 55
0.300 No. 50 15 - 25
0.180 No.80 0
Ballotini shall consist of beads of good quality,
optical clear, lead free glass with not less than
90% reasonably spherical and free from flaws.
Proportion of the Ballotini to paint: 500 gms/litre
of paint. Beads shall have a maximum of one (1)
percent of sharp angular particles and maximum
of ½ percent of foreign matter and shall be free
from flowing under normal condition.
Application of traffic paint to the pavement – 0.33 L/m². only round
or oval brushes shall be used of not exceeding 100mm in width.

Sample Quantity – 1 – (4-L) can or 20L Original

Min. Testing Req’ment :
Q-1, one 20L can for every 100 cans or fraction thereof.

ITEM 612 – REFLECTORIZED THERMOPLASTIC PAINT

Surface application of glass beads at a rate of not less than 350 g/l
of glass beads.
Materials Requirements:
1. Reflectorized Thermoplastic Pavement Material shall be
homogenously composed of pigment, filler resins and glass
reflectorizing spheres.
a. the thermoplastic Pavement material shall be available to both
white and yellow.
2. Glass beads (Pre-mix) shall be uncouted shall comply with the
following requirements:
Refractive Index, min. – 1.50
Spheres, Percent, min. – 90
Gradiation:
Sieve (mm) Mass Percent Passing
0.850 100
0.600 75 - 95
0.425 -
0.300 15 - 35
0.180 -
0.150 0-5
Composition:
The pigment, beads and filler shall be uniformly
dispersed in the resin. The material shall be free
from all skins, dirt and foreign objects and shall
with the requirement as specified in table 612.1.
The material shall readily extrude at a
temperature of 211 ± 7°C, from approved
equipment to produce a line 3.2 to 4.8 mm thick
which shall be continuous and uniform in shape
having clear and sharp dimensions.

Application of additional glass beads by drop-in

method shall be at rate of not less than 350 g/L
of glass beads.
 Table 612.1 – Composition Requirements
Component White Yellow
Binder, min. 18.0 18.0
Glass Beads
Min. 30 30
Max. 40 40

Titanium
Dioxide, min. 10.0 10.0
Chrome Yellow
Medium, min.

Calcium Carbonate and

Inert Filters 42.0 42.0
Max.
 Qualitative Requirements:
Property Requirement
White
Yellow
Specific Gravity, max. 2.15
Drying Time, minutes, max. 10.0
Bond Strength to Portland Cement Concrete
after heating for four (4) hours ±5 min. @ 1.24
218°C, Mpa, max.

Cracking Resistance @ low temp. after No cracks

heating for four (4) hours ±5 min. @ 218 ±
2°C, Mpa, max.
Impact Resistance after heating for four (4)
hours ±5 min. @ 218 ± 2°C, and forming test 115
specimens, mm/kg, min.

Softening Point after for four (4) hours ±5min.

@ 218 ± 2°C. 102.5 ± 9.5°C
Daylight reflectant @ 45 degrees 0 degree, %, 75 45
min.
Sample Quantity – 10 kg.
Min. Testing Requirements – Q-1 for every 100
bags or fraction thereof.
ASPHALT TECHNOLOGY
ITEM 301 (PRIME COAT) – shall consist of
preparing and treating an aggregate base
course with material in accordance with the
Plans and Specification, preparatory to the
construction of a bituminous surface coarse.

Materials Requirement:
Bituminous material shall either be Rapid
Curing (RC) Cutback Asphalt of Medium
Curing (MC) Cutback Asphalt.
Rapid Curing Cutback Asphalt
RC-70 RC-250 RC-800 RC-3000
Viscosity at 60°C 40-70 250-500 800-1600 3000-6000
Ductility, 5cm/min. at 25°C 100 100 100 100
Spot Test negative for all grades
Solubility, Trichlroethylene % 99 99 99
99

Medium Curing Cutback Asphalt

MC-30 MC-70 MC-250 MC-800 MC-3000
Viscosity at 60° 30-60 70-140 250-500 800-1600
3000-6000
Flashpoint, °C 38 38 66 66 66
Spot Test negative for all grades
Solubility, % 99 99 99 99 99
Minimum Testing Requirement:
For every 40MT or fraction thereof:
1-Quality Test
Other Requirement:
1. Prime coat shall be applied only to
surfaces, which are dry or slightly moist,
and it shall not be applied when the
weather is foggy or rainy.
2. Heating temperature – 180°C
3. Rate of application – 1 to 2 ltr.m²
ITEM 302 (TACK COAT) – shall consist of
preparing and treating an existing
bituminous or cement concrete surface
with bituminous material in accordance
with the Plans and Specification,
preparatory to the construction of a
bituminous surface course.
Materials Requirement:
Bituminous material shall either be Rapid
Curing (RC) Cutback Asphalt or Emulsified
Asphalt.
Rapid Curing Cutback Asphalt
RC-70 RC-250 RC-800 RC-3000
Viscosity at 60°C 40-70 250-500 800-1600 3000-6000
Ductility, 5cm/min. at 25°C 100 100 100 100
Spot Test negative for all grades
Solubility, Trichlroethylene % 99 99 99
99

Emulsified Asphalt
RS-1 RS-2 MS-1 MS-2 MS-2h SS-1 SS-2
Viscosity at 25°C 200 – 100 for all types of grades
Penetration, 25°
Solubility, % 97.5 for all type of grades
Minimum testing Requirement:
For every 40MT or fraction thereof:
1 –Quality Test
Other Requirement:
1. Tack coat shall be sprayed only so far in advance
on the surface coarse as will permit it to dry to a
“tacky” condition.
2. Heating temperature – 180°C
3. Rate of application – 0.2 to 0.7 ltr/m²

ITEM 303 (SEAL COAT) – shall consist of application

of bituminous material with or without application
of aggregate on an existing bituminous surface
course in accordance with the Plans and
Specifications.
Material Requirements:
Bituminous materials shall either be Asphalt
cement (Penetration Grade 120 - 150),
Rapid Curing (RC) or Medium Curing (MC)
Cutback Asphalt.
Rapid Curing Cutback Asphalt
RC-70 RC-250 RC-800 RC-3000
Viscosity at 60°C 40-70 250-500 800-1600 3000-6000
Ductility, 5cm/min. at 25°C 100 100 100 100
Spot Test negative for all grades
Solubility, Trichlroethylene % 99 99 99
99

Medium Curing Cutback Asphalt

MC-30 MC-70 MC-250 MC-800 MC-3000
Viscosity at 60° 30-60 70-140 250-500 800-1600
3000-6000
Flashpoint, °C 38 38 66 66 66
Spot Test negative for all grades
Solubility, % 99 99 99 99 99
Asphalt Cement (Penetration Grade 120 - 150)
Penetration at 25°CC, 1006. 5 sec. 120-150
Flashpoint 425 min
Ductility, 5cm/min, cm at 25°C 100 min
Solubility, % 99 min
Loss in heating, % 1.3 max
Penetration of residue, % of original46 min
Ductility of residue at 25°C, 5cm/min 100 min

Aggregate:
Maximum Size (Type 2) : 9.5mm (3/8”)
(Type 3) : 12.5mm (1/2”)
Mass % of wear retained in No. 10 sieve : 40 max
Other Requirement:
1. Seal coating operations shall not be started until the
bituminous surface is thoroughly compacted by
traffic and rolling, and in no event shall seal coat be
placed on newly constructed or reconditioned
surfaces in less than ten(10) days after such surface
is laid and opened to traffic.
2. Heating temperature – 180°C
3. Rate of application – 0.9 to 1.8 ltr/m²

Minimum Testing Requirement:

Asphalt:
For every 40MT or fraction thereof:
1 – Quality Test

Cover Aggregate:
For every 75m³/200kg or fraction thereof:
1 – Grading Test
ITEM 307 (BITUMINOUS PLANT MIX SURFACE
COURSE - GENERAL) – this item includes
general requirements that are applicable to all
types of bituminous plant mix surface course
and shall consist of constructing one or more
bituminous bound layers on a prepared
foundation in accordance with the
Specifications, and in commonly with the
lines, grades thickness and typical cross
sections shown on the Plans.

Material Requirements:
Bituminous material shall either be Asphalt
Cement, Rapid Curing (RC) or Medium Curing
(MC) Cutback Asphalt and Emulsified Asphalt.
Asphalt Cement:
Penetration Grade 40-50 60-70 85-100 120-150
200-300
Penetration at 25°C, 40-50 60-70 85-100 120-150
200-300
100g/sec
Flashpoint 450 min 450 min 450 min 425 min 200-300
Solubility, % 99 in all grades
Loss in Heating, % 0.8 max 0.8 max 1.0 max 1.3 max 1.5
max
Penetration of residue, 58 min 54 min 50 min 46 min
40 min
% of original
Ductility of residue at - 50 min 75 min 100 min
100 min
25°C, 5cm/min
Rapid Curing Cutback Asphalt
RC-70 RC-250 RC-800 RC-3000
Viscosity at 60°C 40-70 250-500 800-1600 3000-6000
Ductility, 5cm/min. at 25°C 100 100 100 100
Spot Test negative for all grades
Solubility, Trichlroethylene % 99 99 99
99

Medium Curing Cutback Asphalt

MC-30 MC-70 MC-250 MC-800 MC-3000
Viscosity at 60° 30-60 70-140 250-500 800-1600
3000-6000
Flashpoint, °C 38 38 66 66 66
Spot Test negative for all grades
Solubility, % 99 99 99 99 99
Emulsified Asphalt
RS-1 RS-2 MS-1 MS-2 MS-2h SS-1 SS-2
Viscosity 200-100 75-400 20-100 100min 100min 20-100 20-100
Settlement,
5 days, % 5 max 5 max 5 max 5 max 5 max 5 max 5 max
Stability, 1 day 1 max 1 max 1 max 1 max 1 max 1 max
1 max
Residue, by
Distillation, % 55 63 55 65 65 57
57
Penetration,
25°C, 100g, 5s 100-200 40-90
100-200
Ductility, 25°C,
5cm/min 40 for all grades
Solubility,% 9.7 for all grades
Aggregate:
It shall be uniformly graded from coarse to fine (25mm to
0.075mm). It crushed gravel is used, not less than 50 mass
percent of the material retained in 4.75mm (No.4) sieve shall
have a particles having at least one fractured face.

Maximum Size : 25mm (1”)

Durability Index : 35 min
Mass % of wear retained in No. 10 sieve : 45 max
Plasticity Index : 4 -10

Mineral Filler:
It shall consist of finely divided mineral such as rock dust, slag
dust, hydrated lime, hydraulic cement, fly ash or other suitable
mineral matter. It shall be free from organic impurities and at
the time of use, shall be sufficiently dry to flow freely.

Plasticity Index: 4 max

Hydrated Lime:
It shall be added to the mixture during the mixing operation in the
amount of 0.5 – 1.0 mass %, dry aggregate basis.

Other Requirement:
1. The mixture shall have a minimum compression strength of 1.4 Mpa.
2. The mixture shall have a mass percent voids with a range of 0.3 –
0.5 %.
3. The mixture shall have an index of Retained Strength of 70 min.
4. The proportion of bituminous material on the basis of total dry
aggregate shall be from 5.0 to 8.0 mass percent.
5. At least three (3) weeks prior to production, the Contractor shall
submit in writing a Job-Mix-Formula in order to determine an
economical blend and gradation of aggregates and asphalt, which
shall include percentage of aggregate passing each specified sieve
size, percentage of bituminous material added, temperature of the
mixture, kind percentage of additive to be used and the kind and
percentage of mineral filler to be used.
6. The mixture shall be placed at a temperature not less than 170°C
7. Compaction should be done while the mixture is still hot and
workable in order to attain the required density. The compacted
pavement shall have a required density to, or greater than 97% of
the laboratory compacted density.
Minimum testing Requirements:
Aggregate:
For every 75m³ or fraction thereof:
1- Grading and Plasticity Test
For every 1,500m³ or fraction thereof:
1- Quality Test

Bituminous Materials:
For every 40MT or fraction thereof:
1 – Quality Test

Bituminous Mix:
For every 40MT or fraction thereof:
1-Grading Test
Extraction
Stability Test
Laboratory Compaction

Hydrated Lime:
For every 100T or fraction thereof:
1-Quality Test

Mineral Filler:
For every 75m³ or fraction thereof:
1 – Grading Test
Completed Pavement:
For each full day’s operation:
Density and Thickness Test at least one(1) but not more than
three(3) samples shall be taken.

ITEM 308 (BITUMINOUS PLANT MIX SURFACE COURSE, COLD

LAID) – this item shall consist of constructing a bituminous
plant-mix surface course, laid cold, on the prepared base in
accordance with the Specifications, and in conformity with
the lines, grades thickness and typical cross sections shown
in the Plans.

Material Requirements:
Bituminous material shall either be Asphalt Cement, Rapid
Curing (RC) or Medium Curing (MC) Cutback Asphalt and
Emulsified Asphalt.
Asphalt Cement:
Penetration Grade 40-50 60-70 85-100 120-150
200-300
Penetration at 25°C, 40-50 60-70 85-100 120-150
200-300
100g/sec
Flashpoint 450 min 450 min 450 min 425 min 200-300
Solubility, % 99 in all grades
Loss in Heating, % 0.8 max 0.8 max 1.0 max 1.3 max 1.5
max
Penetration of residue, 58 min 54 min 50 min 46 min
40 min
% of original
Ductility of residue at - 50 min 75 min 100 min
100 min
25°C, 5cm/min
Rapid Curing Cutback Asphalt
RC-70 RC-250 RC-800 RC-3000
Viscosity at 60°C 40-70 250-500 800-1600 3000-6000
Ductility, 5cm/min. at 25°C 100 100 100 100
Spot Test negative for all grades
Solubility, Trichlroethylene % 99 99 99
99

Medium Curing Cutback Asphalt

MC-30 MC-70 MC-250 MC-800 MC-3000
Viscosity at 60° 30-60 70-140 250-500 800-1600
3000-6000
Flashpoint, °C 38 38 66 66 66
Spot Test negative for all grades
Solubility, % 99 99 99 99 99
Emulsified Asphalt
RS-1 RS-2 MS-1 MS-2 MS-2h SS-1 SS-2
Viscosity 200-100 75-400 20-100 100min 100min 20-100 20-100
Settlement,
5 days, % 5 max 5 max 5 max 5 max 5 max 5 max 5 max
Stability, 1 day 1 max 1 max 1 max 1 max 1 max 1 max
1 max
Residue, by
Distillation, % 55 63 55 65 65 57
57
Penetration,
25°C, 100g, 5s 100-200 40-90
100-200
Ductility, 25°C,
5cm/min 40 for all grades
Solubility,% 9.7 for all grades
Aggregate:
It shall be uniformly graded from coarse to fine (25mm to
0.075mm). It crushed gravel is used, not less than 50 mass
percent of the material retained in 4.75mm (No.4) sieve shall
have a particles having at least one fractured face.

Maximum Size : 25mm (1”)

Durability Index : 35 min
Mass % of wear retained in No. 10 sieve : 45 max

Mineral Filler:
It shall consist of finely divided mineral matter such as rock
dust, slag dust, hydrated lime, hydraulic cement, fly ash or
other suitable mineral matter. It shall be free from organic
impurities and at the time of use, shall be sufficiently dry to
flow freely.

Plasticity Index: 4 max

Hydrated Lime:
It shall be added to the mixture during the mixing operation in the
amount of 0.5 – 1.0 mass %, dry aggregate basis.

Other Requirement:
1. The mixture shall have a minimum compression strength of 1.4 Mpa.
2. The mixture shall have a mass percent voids with a range of 0.3 –
0.5 %.
3. The mixture shall have an index of Retained Strength of 70 min.
4. The proportion of bituminous material on the basis of total dry
aggregate shall be from 4.5 to 7.0 mass percent.
5. At least three (3) weeks prior to production, the Contractor shall
submit in writing a Job-Mix-Formula in order to determine an
economical blend and gradation of aggregates and asphalt, which
shall include percentage of aggregate passing each specified sieve
size, percentage of bituminous material added, temperature of the
mixture, kind percentage of additive to be used and the kind and
percentage of mineral filler to be used.
6. The compacted pavement shall have a required density equal to, or
greater than 97% of the laboratory compacted density.
Minimum testing Requirements:
Aggregate:
For every 75m³ or fraction thereof:
1- Grading and Plasticity Test
For every 1,500m³ or fraction thereof:
1- Quality Test

Bituminous Materials:
For every 40MT or fraction thereof:
1 – Quality Test

Bituminous Mix:
For every 40MT or fraction thereof:
1-Grading Test
Extraction
Stability Test
Laboratory Compaction

Hydrated Lime:
For every 100T or fraction thereof:
1-Quality Test

Mineral Filler:
For every 75m³ or fraction thereof:
1 – Grading Test
Completed Pavement:
For each full day’s operation:
Density and Thickness Test at least one(1) but not more than
three(3) samples shall be taken.

ITEM 310 (BITUMINOUS CONCRETE SURFACE COURSE, HOT

LAID) – this item shall consist of constructing a bituminous
concrete surface course, laid hot, on the prepared base in
accordance with the Specifications, and in conformity with
the lines, grades thickness and typical cross sections shown
in the Plans.

Materials Requirements:
Bituminous material shall either be Asphalt Cement, Rapid
Curing (RC) or Medium Curing (MC) Cutback Asphalt and
Emulsified Asphalt.
Asphalt Cement:
Penetration Grade 40-50 60-70 85-100 120-150
200-300
Penetration at 25°C, 40-50 60-70 85-100 120-150
200-300
100g/sec
Flashpoint 450 min 450 min 450 min 425 min 200-300
Solubility, % 99 in all grades
Loss in Heating, % 0.8 max 0.8 max 1.0 max 1.3 max 1.5
max
Penetration of residue, 58 min 54 min 50 min 46 min
40 min
% of original
Ductility of residue at - 50 min 75 min 100 min
100 min
25°C, 5cm/min
Medium Curing Cutback Asphalt
MC-30 MC-70 MC-250 MC-800 MC-3000
Viscosity at 60° 30-60 70-140 250-500 800-1600
3000-6000
Flashpoint, °C 38 38 66 66 66
Spot Test negative for all grades
Solubility, % 99 99 99 99 99
Aggregate:
It shall be uniformly graded from coarse to fine (25mm to
0.075mm). It crushed gravel is used, not less than 50 mass
percent of the material retained in 4.75mm (No.4) sieve shall
have a particles having at least one fractured face.

Maximum Size : 25mm (1”)

Durability Index : 35 min
Mass % of wear retained in No. 10 sieve : 45 max
Mineral Filler:
It shall consist of finely divided mineral matter such as rock
dust, slag dust, hydrated lime, hydraulic cement, fly ash or
other suitable mineral matter. It shall be free from organic
impurities and at the time of use, shall be sufficiently dry to
flow freely.

Plasticity Index: 4 max

Hydrated Lime:
It shall be added to the mixture during the mixing operation in
the amount of 0.5 – 1.0 mass %, dry aggregate basis.
Other Requirement:
1. The mixture shall have a minimum compression strength of 1.4
Mpa.
2. The mixture shall have a mass percent voids with a range of
0.3 – 0.5 %.
3. The mixture shall have an index of Retained Strength of 70 min.
4. The proportion of bituminous material on the basis of total dry
aggregate shall be from 5.0 to 8.0 mass percent.
5. At least three (3) weeks prior to production, the Contractor
shall submit in writing a Job-Mix-Formula in order to determine
an economical blend and gradation of aggregates and asphalt,
which shall include percentage of aggregate passing each
specified sieve size, percentage of bituminous material added,
temperature of the mixture, kind percentage of additive to be
used and the kind and percentage of mineral filler to be used.
6. The mixture shall be placed at a temperature not less than
170°C
7. Compaction should be done while the mixture is still hot and
workable in order to attain the required density. The compacted
pavement shall have a required density to, or greater than 97%
of the laboratory compacted density.
Minimum testing Requirements:
Aggregate:
For every 75m³ or fraction thereof:
1- Grading and Plasticity Test
For every 1,500m³ or fraction thereof:
1- Quality Test

Bituminous Materials:
For every 40MT or fraction thereof:
1 – Quality Test

Bituminous Mix:
For every 40MT or fraction thereof:
1-Grading Test
Extraction
Stability Test
Laboratory Compaction

Hydrated Lime:
For every 100T or fraction thereof:
1-Quality Test

Mineral Filler:
For every 75m³ or fraction thereof:
1 – Grading Test
Completed Pavement:
For each full day’s operation:
Density and Thickness Test at least one(1) but
not more than three(3) samples shall be
taken.
THANK YOU!