Pump:

“A pump is a device used to move fluids, such as liquids, or slurries. It increases

the mechanical energy of the fluid.”

The additional energy can be used to increase -

Velocity (flow rate)

Pressure

Elevation
Selection Criteria:
 Inlet conditions
 Required flow rate
 Differential pressure

Positive displacement Pumps:

A positive displacement pump makes a fluid move by trapping a fixed amount
and forcing (displacing) that trapped volume into the discharge pipe. Some
positive displacement pumps use an expanding cavity on the suction side and a
decreasing cavity on the discharge side. Liquid flows into the pump as the
cavity on the suction side expands and the liquid flows out of the discharge as
the cavity collapses. The volume is constant through each cycle of operation.

1. Reciprocatory pumps:

A. Piston Pump:
B. Diaphragm Pump:
 2. Rotary pumps:
C. Screw pump:

D. Gear pump:

E. Lobe pump:
F. Vane pump:

Dynamic pumps:
• Dynamics pumps are used to transport fluids by the conversion of
rotational kinetic energy to the hydrodynamic energy of the fluid flow.
 • The rotational energy typically comes from an engine or electric motor.
The fluid enters the pump impeller along or near to the rotating axis and
is accelerated by the impeller, flowing radially outward into exit.

Centrifugal pump:

Mechanical effeciency of pumps:

= power delivered by pump into fluid / power input to pump
= Pa / Pi
Where:
Pa = ha.W
Ha = energy transferred per newton of fluid
And W = weight of fluid
Also,
W = r. Q
SO
Pa = haꝨQ