Chapter 17

17-1 Given: F-1 Polyamide, b = 6 in, d = 2 in with n = 1750 rev/min, H nom = 2 hp, C = 9(12) =
108 in, velocity ratio = 0.5, K s = 1.25, n d = 1

V= d n / 12 = (2)(1750) / 12 = 916.3 ft/min

D = d / vel ratio = 2 / 0.5 = 4 in

D d 4 2
Eq. (17-1): d 2sin 1 2sin 1
3.123 rad
2C 2(108)

Table 17-2: t = 0.05 in, d min = 1.0 in, F a = 35 lbf/in, = 0.035 lbf/in3, f = 0.5

w = 12 bt = 12(0.035)6(0.05) = 0.126 lbf/ft

2 2
w V 0.126 916.3
(a) Eq. (e), p. 885: Fc 0.913 lbf Ans.
g 60 32.17 60

63 025H nom K s nd 63 025(2)(1.25)(1)

T 90.0 lbf · in
n 1750
2T 2(90.0)
F F1 a F2 90.0 lbf
d 2

Table 17-4: C p = 0.70

Eq. (17-12): (F 1 ) a = bF a C p C v = 6(35)(0.70)(1) = 147 lbf Ans.

F 2 = (F 1 ) a [(F 1 ) a F 2 ] = 147 90 = 57 lbf Ans.

Do not use Eq. (17-9) because we do not yet know f

F1 F2 147 57
Eq. (i), p. 886: Fi a
Fc 0.913 101.1 lbf Ans.
2 2
Using Eq. (17-7) solved for f ¢ (see step 8, p.888),
1 ( F1) a Fc 1 147 0.913
f ln ln 0.307
d F2 Fc 3.123 57 0.913

The friction is thus underdeveloped.

(b) The transmitted horsepower is, with F = (F 1 ) a F 2 = 90 lbf,

Chapter 17, Page 1/39

 ( F )V 90(916.3)
Eq. (j), p. 887: H 2.5 hp Ans.
33 000 33 000
H 2.5
nf s 1
H nom K s 2(1.25)
1 D d 1 4 2
Eq. (17-1): D 2sin 2sin 3.160 rad
2C 2(108)

Eq. (17-2): L = [4C2 (D d)2]1/2 + (D D + d d )/2

= [4(108)2 (4 2)2]1/2 + [4(3.160) + 2(3.123)]/2 = 225.4 in Ans.

3C 2 w 3(108 / 12)2 (0.126)

(c) Eq. (17-13): dip 0.151 in Ans.
2Fi 2(101.1)

Comment: The solution of the problem is finished; however, a note concerning the design
is presented here.

The friction is under-developed. Narrowing the belt width to 5 in (if size is available) will
increase f . The limit of narrowing is b min = 4.680 in, whence

w 0.0983 lbf/ft ( F1) a 114.7 lbf

Fc 0.713 lbf F2 24.7 lbf
T 90 lbf · in (same) f f 0.50
F ( F1) a F2 90 lbf dip 0.173 in
Fi 68.9 lbf

Longer life can be obtained with a 6-inch wide belt by reducing F i to attain f 0.50.
Prob. 17-8 develops an equation we can use here

( F Fc ) exp( f ) Fc
F1
exp( f ) 1
F2 F1 F
F1 F2
Fi Fc
2
1 F1 Fc
f ln
d F2 Fc
3C 2 w
dip
2Fi

which in this case, d = 3.123 rad, exp(f ) = exp[0.5(3.123)] = 4.766, w = 0.126 lbf/ft,
F = 90.0 lbf, F c = 0.913 lbf, and gives

Chapter 17, Page 2/39

 0.913 90 4.766 0.913
F1 114.8 lbf
4.766 1
F 2 = 114.8 90 = 24.8 lbf

F i = (114.8 + 24.8)/ 2 0.913 = 68.9 lbf

1 114.8 0.913
f ln 0.50
3.123 24.8 0.913

2
3 108 / 12 0.126
dip 0.222 in
2(68.9)

So, reducing F i from 101.1 lbf to 68.9 lbf will bring the undeveloped friction up to 0.50,
with a corresponding dip of 0.222 in. Having reduced F 1 and F 2 , the endurance of the
belt is improved. Power, service factor and design factor have remained intact.
______________________________________________________________________________

17-2 Double the dimensions of Prob. 17-1.

In Prob. 17-1, F-1 Polyamide was used with a thickness of 0.05 in. With what is available
in Table 17-2 we will select the Polyamide A-2 belt with a thickness of 0.11 in. Also, let
b = 12 in, d = 4 in with n = 1750 rev/min, H nom = 2 hp, C = 18(12) = 216 in, velocity
ratio = 0.5, K s = 1.25, n d = 1.

V= d n / 12 = (4)(1750) / 12 = 1833 ft/min

D = d / vel ratio = 4 / 0.5 = 8 in

D d 8 4
Eq. (17-1): d 2sin 1 2sin 1
3.123 rad
2C 2(216)

Table 17-2: t = 0.11 in, d min = 2.4 in, F a = 60 lbf/in, = 0.037 lbf/in3, f = 0.8

w = 12 bt = 12(0.037)12(0.11) = 0.586 lbf/ft

2 2
w V 0.586 1833
(a) Eq. (e), p. 885: Fc 17.0 lbf Ans.
g 60 32.17 60

63 025H nom K s nd 63 025(2)(1.25)(1)

T 90.0 lbf · in
n 1750
2T 2(90.0)
F F1 a F2 45.0 lbf
d 4

Table 17-4: C p = 0.73

Chapter 17, Page 3/39

Design variable: Belt width.
Use a method of trials. Initially, choose b = 6 in
dn (48)(380)
V 4775 ft/min
12 12
w 12 bt 12(0.042)(6)(0.13) 0.393 lbf/ft
wV 2 0.393(4775 / 60) 2
Fc 77.4 lbf
g 32.17
63 025H nom K s nd 63 025(60)(1.1)(1)
T 10 946 lbf · in
n 380
2T 2(10 946)
F 456.1 lbf
d 48
F1 ( F1) a bFaC pCv 6(100)(1)(1) 600 lbf
F2 F1 F 600 456.1 143.9 lbf

Transmitted power H
F (V ) 456.1(4775)
H 66 hp
33 000 33 000
F1 F2 600 143.9
Fi Fc 77.4 294.6 lbf
2 2
1 F Fc 1 600 77.4
f ln 1 ln 0.656
d F2 Fc 143.9 77.4

Eq. (17-2): L = [4(192)2 (48 48)2]1/2 + [48( ) + 48( )] / 2 = 534.8 in

Friction is not fully developed, so b min is just a little smaller than 6 in (5.7 in). Not having
a figure of merit, we choose the most narrow belt available (6 in). We can improve the
design by reducing the initial tension, which reduces F 1 and F 2 , thereby increasing belt
life (see the result of Prob. 17-8). This will bring f to 0.80

F Fc exp f Fc
F1
exp f 1

exp f exp(0.80 ) 12.345

Therefore
(456.177.4)(12.345) 77.4
F1 573.7 lbf
12.345 1
F2 F1 F 573.7 456.1 117.6 lbf
F1 F2 573.7 117.6
Fi Fc 77.4 268.3 lbf
2 2

These are small reductions since f is close to f , but improvements nevertheless.

Chapter 17, Page 5/39

 Hd Ha
4.36
1.25H nom
4.36
H nom 3.49 hp Ans.
1.25
______________________________________________________________________________

17-19 Given: H nom = 60 hp, n = 400 rev/min, K s = 1.4, d = D = 26 in on 12 ft centers.

Design task: specify V-belt and number of strands (belts). Tentative decision: Use D360
belts.

Table 17-11: L p = 360 + 3.3 = 363.3 in

Eq. (17-16b):
2

C 0.25 363.3 (26 26) 363.3 (26 26) 2(26 26) 2

2 2
140.8 in (nearly 144 in)

d , D , exp[0.5123 ] 5.0,
dn (26)(400)
V 2722.7 ft/min
12 12

Table 17-13: For = 180°, K 1 = 1

Table 17-14: For D360, K 2 = 1.10

Table 17-12: H tab = 16.94 hp by interpolation

Thus, H a = K 1 K 2 H tab = 1(1.1)(16.94) = 18.63 hp / belt

Eq. (17-19): H d = H nom K s n d = 60(1.4)(1) = 84 hp

Number of belts, N b

Hd 84
Nb 4.51
Ha 18.63

Round up to five belts. It is left to the reader to repeat the above for belts such as C360
and E360.

Chapter 17, Page 21/39

 63 025H a 63 025(18.63)
Fa 225.8 lbf/belt
n(d / 2) 400(26 / 2)
( Fa )d 225.8(26)
Ta 2935 lbf · in/belt
2 2

Eq. (17-21):
2 2
V 2722.7
Fc 3.498 3.498 25.9 lbf/belt
1000 1000

At fully developed friction, Eq. (17-9) gives

T exp( f ) 1 2935 5 1
Fi 169.3 lbf/belt
d exp( f ) 1 26 5 1

2 exp( f ) 2(5)
Eq. (17-10): F1 Fc Fi 25.9 169.3 308.1 lbf/belt
exp( f ) 1 5 1
F2 F1 Fa 308.1 225.8 82.3 lbf/belt
H a Nb 18.63 5
nf s 1.109 Ans.
Hd 84
Life From Table 17-16,
Kb 5 680
T1 T2 F1 308.1 526.6 lbf
d 26
Eq. (17-27):
b b 1
K K 9
NP 5.28 10 passes
T1 T2

9
Thus, N P > 10 passes Ans.

N P Lp 109 (363.3)
Eq. (17-28): t
720V 720(2722.7)

Thus, t > 185 320 h Ans.

______________________________________________________________________________

17-20 Preliminaries: D 60 in, 14-in wide rim, H nom = 50 hp, n = 875 rev/min, K s = 1.2,
n d = 1.1, m G = 875/170 = 5.147, d 60 / 5.147 11.65 in

(a) From Table 17-9, an 11-in sheave exceeds C-section minimum diameter and
precludes D- and E-section V-belts.

Decision: Use d = 11 in, C270 belts

Chapter 17, Page 22/39

 Decision #4: Choose C = 30.0 in.
______________________________________________________________________________

17-28 Follow the decision set outlined in Prob. 17-27 solution. We will form two tables, the
first for a 15 000 h life goal, and a second for a 50 000 h life goal. The comparison is
useful.

Function: H nom = 50 hp at n = 1800 rev/min, n pump = 900 rev/min, m G = 1800/900 = 2,

K s = 1.2, life = 15 000 h, then repeat with life = 50 000 h
Design factor: n d = 1.1
Sprockets: N 1 = 19 teeth, N 2 = 38 teeth
Table 17-22 (post extreme):
1.5 1.5
N1 19
K1 1.18
17 17
Table 17-23: K 2 = 1, 1.7, 2.5, 3.3, 3.9, 4.6, 6.0

Decision variables for 15 000 h life goal:

K s nd H nom 1.2(1.1)(50) 55.9

H tab (1)
K1K 2 1.18K 2 K2
K1K 2 H tab 1.18K 2 H tab
nf s 0.0197 K 2 H tab
K s H nom 1.2(50)

Form a table for a 15 000 h life goal using these equations.

K2 H' tab Chain # H tab nf s Lub

1 55.90 120 21.6 0.423 C'
1.7 32.90 120 21.6 0.923 C'
2.5 22.40 120 21.6 1.064 C'
3.3 16.90 120 21.6 1.404 C'
3.9 14.30 80 15.6 1.106 C'
4.6 12.20 60 12.4 1.126 C'
6 9.32 60 12.4 1.416 C'

There are 4 possibilities where n f s ≥ 1.1

Decision variables for 50 000 h life goal

From Eq. (17-40), the power-life tradeoff is:

Chapter 17, Page 32/39

 ( H tab ) 2.515 000 ( H tab ) 2.5 50 000
1/ 2.5
15 000
H tab ( H tab ) 2.5 0.618 H tab
50 000

Substituting from (1),

55.9 34.5
H tab 0.618
K2 K2

The H notation is only necessary because we constructed the first table, which we
normally would not do.
K1K 2 H tab K1K 2 (0.618H tab )
nf s 0.618[(0.0197) K 2 H tab ]
K s H nom K s H nom
0.0122 K 2 H tab

Form a table for a 50 000 h life goal.

K2 H'' tab Chain # H tab nf s Lub

1 34.50 120 21.6 0.264 C'
1.7 20.30 120 21.6 0.448 C'
2.5 13.80 120 21.6 0.656 C'
3.3 10.50 120 21.6 0.870 C'
3.9 8.85 120 21.6 1.028 C'
4.6 7.60 120 21.6 1.210 C'
6 5.80 80 15.6 1.140 C'

There are two possibilities in the second table with n f s ≥ 1.1. (The tables allow for the
identification of a longer life of the outcomes.) We need a figure of merit to help with
the choice; costs of sprockets and chains are thus needed, but is more information than
we have.

Decision #1: #80 Chain (smaller installation) Ans.

n f s = 0.0122K 2 H tab = 0.0122(8.0)(15.6) = 1.14 O.K.
Decision #2: 8-Strand, No. 80 Ans.
Decision #3: Type C Lubrication Ans.
Decision #4: p = 1.0 in, C is in midrange of 40 pitches

Chapter 17, Page 33/39