Paradigm 15

Paradigm® 15
Release Notes
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5,563,949; 5,629,904; 5,838,564; 5,892,732; 5,930,730 (RE 38,229); 6,055,482; 6,092,026; 6,430,508; 6,819,628; 6,820,043;
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Published May 25, 2015

Contents
Paradigm® 15
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Infrastructure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Supported Platforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
License Manager Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Data Management and Import/Export . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Epos Data Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
New Features and Enhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Fixed Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Formation Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Geolog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Highlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
New Features and Enhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Fixed Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Interpretation and Visualization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
GeoSec 2D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Fixed Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
SeisEarth and Explorer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Fixed Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
StratEarth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Fixed Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
VoxelGeo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Fixed Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Stratimagic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Fixed Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
SKUA-GOCAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Fixed Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Seismic Processing and Imaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Echos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Highlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
New Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Fixed Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Deleted Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Deprecated Modules Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
GeoDepth and EarthStudy 360 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Fixed Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Seismic Reservoir Characterization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Vanguard and Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Paradigm® 15 Release Notes iii

Fixed Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Well Planning and Drilling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Sysdrill Designer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
New Features and Enhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Known Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
iv Release Notes Paradigm® 15

Introduction
Paradigm is pleased to provide you with the Paradigm® 15 release, the latest version of our software that delivers
Advanced Science for Everyone. We are always proud to announce a new product release to our customers,
and the release of Paradigm 15 is even more special than usual. This past year has been eventful for our industry,
and despite pessimistic projections for 2015, Paradigm has continued to invest in research and development to
provide you, our users, with the tools you need to extract the maximum value from your assets in a high-risk
environment. Paradigm 15, the high-definition platform of excellence, reflects not only our commitment to provide
advanced science solutions to everyone, but also aims at enhancing interconnectivity with other vendors’
platforms. Paradigm 15 is a major step toward our goal of enhancing efficient communication and cooperation
among geoscientists, data administrators, and third-party software users.
The following products are included in Paradigm 15:
• EarthStudy 360®- Full azimuth imaging and characterization
• Echos®- Seismic data processing
• Explorer™ - Time-to-depth conversion
• GeoDepth®- Velocity determination, modeling and imaging
• Geolog®- Formation evaluation
• GeoSec® 2D - Structural restoration, balancing and forward modeling
• Probe®- Amplitude versus offset/angle analysis and interpretation
• SeisEarth® - Multi-survey regional to prospect interpretation
• SKUA-GOCAD™ - Integrated earth modeling
• StratEarth®- Geologic interpretation
• Stratimagic®- Seismic facies classification
• Sysdrill® Designer - Embedded well planning
• Vanguard®- Seismic inversion and property determination
• VoxelGeo®- Voxel-volume interpretation
• WAM - Web Asset Manager
With this release, we have taken another step forward in cross-domain integration by increasing the types of data
that can be exchanged between GeoDepth and SKUA-GOCAD. This technology advancement enables velocity
volumes and geologic formation volumes created in SKUA-GOCAD to be used in Illumination, GeoDepth
migrations, and tomography workflows, ensuring quicker convergence while honoring the complete geology with
no simplifications.
Paradigm® 15 Release Notes 1

In Paradigm 15, SeisEarth users will benefit from new Quantitative Seismic Interpretation modules, including an
embedded colored inversion utility. Performed on the fly, this is a quick and reliable inversion method that uses
seismic and well data frequency to invert data and output relative acoustic impedance. All interpreters will have
access to this utility in the Paradigm 15 package.
Interpreters will also benefit from a new assisted fault-horizon contact feature, which facilitates a more “traditional”
approach to fault polygon creation, but in 3D, and reduces the number of steps needed to QC and generate fault
traces on maps.
A very attractive new technology is the interactive Paradigm Global Velocity Model Builder. Launched from 3D
Canvas, this module can generate on the fly velocity models based on several velocity sources. The display
controls the structure constraints. This is an excellent solution for testing scenarios of velocity models related to
time-to-depth conversion.
SKUA-GOCAD users will benefit from the work done toward high-definition interpretation and modeling.
Paradigm 15 enables the construction of flow simulation grids for ever more complex geology, such as highly
compressive overturned structures. This release also delivers a revamped, easy-to-use variogram analysis tool for
capturing crucial multiple-scale variability. Lastly, sequential 3D restoration (Kine3D®-3) introduces a compaction
option that uses a depth-to-porosity relationship, producing better reconstruction results where heterogeneous
formations exist.
With the release of Geolog 7.3 – Paradigm 15, our industry-leading formation evaluation solution has been
empowered with new tools, such as interactive log splicing, support for processing data from new image logging
tools, and the ability to handle dual-pore systems in Core Analysis. In Facimage, improved computational
performance and a new interactive dendrogram display for AHC classification brings a new perspective to
analyzing electrofacies. Additionally, we are now exposing our automated testing infrastructure to customers
developing their own Geolog plug-ins, so that they can embed tests for their own code, to validate performance
and ease migration to new versions of our software. Cross-domain integration is emphasized by the direct use of
SKUA-GOCAD surfaces in the Geolog Geosteer module, making it easier to use the high-definition reservoir
model during drilling.
For our Processing and Imaging solution users, support for OVT gathers in GeoDepth opens new horizons for 3D
tomography and AVAZ workflows. Additionally, our tomography toolbox has been enriched with time-preserving
and VSP tomography capabilities. Time-preserving tomography imposes well information/geological constraints
while remaining loyal to the structure and seismic in a flexible way. VSP tomography offers an additional constraint
to tomography, to improve the accuracy of produced subsurface models.
The high-fidelity Echos Reverse Time Migration and modeling application has been enhanced to include variable
density for both isotropic and TTI models, for a better representation of the effects of wave propagation in the
subsurface. Enhancements to the orientation analysis and QC capabilities involved in the effective separation of
horizontal components have been complemented by a new functionality for the separation of shear wave
components.
In terms of connectivity, Paradigm 15 expands the communication between Epos and Petrel as well as between
Petrel and the stand-alone versions of Geolog, SKUA-GOCAD, Stratimagic and VoxelGeo.
Paradigm product development is carried out in collaboration with our customers, with the main goal of enhancing
the user experience and outcomes. We encourage you to explore the many new features of Paradigm 15, and we
look forward to your continued suggestions for improving our product lines.
2 Release Notes Paradigm® 15

Infrastructure
Supported Platforms
Processors
• Intel x64 architecture processors (x86_64)
Operating Systems
• 64-bit Windows 7
• 64-bit Windows 8.1 and above
• 64-bit Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.3 and above
• 64-bit Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.0 and above
The latest, fully patched versions of any particular release stream are recommended. Please see the
Paradigm® 15 Installation Guide for additional details, such as per product variations from the above.
Please note that for Paradigm 15.5, scheduled for release in the second half of 2015 we intend to move the
minimum supported Linux OS version to Red Hat Enterprise 6.5 and above and that the Paradigm 15.5 version will
not be supported on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 release stream.
License Manager Requirements

Paradigm 15 requires an upgraded License Manager built with FlexNet Publisher 11.12. This version of FlexNet
Publisher adds support for Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2. For information about how to install and set
up the license manager, see the Paradigm 15 Installation Guide.

Data Management and Import/Export
Epos Data Management
New Features and Enhancements

ASCII Import
• Importing interpretation data from IHS Kingdom - You can now easily import horizon picks and fault picks
from IHS Kingdom and other third-party applications into Epos in GeoQuest Card Image 7 format. Epos reads
this format without requiring any customization. Picks from multiple horizons and multiple surveys can be
imported at the same time. A user editable survey-to-survey 'mapping' table facilitates the assignment of 2D
lines and 3D surveys with different naming syntaxes between the different databases. Users can select
whether to load the data by X Y coordinates or by inline/crossline numbering.
Coordinate System Service (CSS)
• Support has been added for the following coordinate systems: Poland Zone 03 TM - Pulkovo 1942 (easting
3500000), Poland 15 E TM - Pulkovo 1942 (easting: 500000), and Poland CS92 - WGS 1984.
• Alias support has been added for Energistics Unit and Measurement names to the Epos CSS database.
Epos Applications Control Panel
• Site backup utility - A new site backup utility is now available that allows you to run backup on multiple hosts
in parallel.
• Path templates defined in the Session Manager are now available for use in the Restore and Database Copy
utilities.
• Additional CLI scripts - The following CLI scripts have been added:
 PG_epos_rename_study - Allows you to rename a study. You can rename one study at a time.
Limitation: You should not use the Rename Study command line for a survey that is assigned to a project
and contains Stratimagic data. This is because the reference in the project to the Stratimagic data is not
updated.
 PG_epos_segment_clone - Useful when it is needed to duplicate an existing segment in order to use it
with a newer version, without overwriting the existing/old segment.
 build_ftable - New options for updating the statistics on all volume types, including velocity, seismic and
gathers. The statistics gathered include min- and max- attribute value, and a histogram of data values
within the volumes.
 PG_pns_manage_auth_clients - For managing IP filtering information in PNS. It allows you to block
access to certain PNS servers by creating a list of only authorized hosts.

• Restoring a project
 Comments that were included in the backup files during the backup procedure now appear in the Register
in PNS dialog box when restoring a project. This can be useful if users wish to, for instance, provide lists of
Epos Users/Administrators for archiving and restoration purposes.
 You can now restore or copy a study with the same access and modify permissions that were set when the
project was backed up. You do this by toggling on the Restore with Original Permissions option in the
Register in PNS dialog box. This will be especially useful for customers with significant numbers of users per
project/survey.
• Backing up a project - The backup utility now lists all of the databases referenced by a project in the log file
when the project is backed up, even if project-only backup mode is selected.
Interpretation Data Manager
• Creating unassigned faults - You can now create an unassigned fault by toggling on the Unassigned Fault
option in the Create New Fault dialog box. For information on picking unassigned faults, see “Unassigned Fault
Picking” on page 35.
• Project synchronization - Project Synchronization (Import Data from ESDB) now supports synchronization
between a project and surveys with different coordinate systems. The data is converted to match the target
CRS.
Paradigm Session Manager
• Creating path templates - Creation of path templates for well data, drilling data, and Geolog application data
has been added (Customize > Path Setting Template).
• Defining plotters - The Plotting dialog box has been redesigned to allow easy definition of plotters. The plotter
you define can be selected from the Plot Preview window in applications. In addition, you no longer have to
define the output directory for the plot files you create. The output directory is now selected directly in the Plot
Preview window.
• AutoPicker has been removed from Tomography and is now launched from the Imaging/Tomography tab in
the Paradigm Session Manager. As in previous versions, AutoPicker is also available from 3D Canvas
(Analysis > Prestack AutoPicker).
• Prestack Interpreter (Accessories tab) has been phased out.
• The following new applications have been added to the Paradigm Session Manager:
 3D Gather Viewer (Accessories tab).
 AutoPicker (Imaging/Tomography tab). You can also access AutoPicker directly from 3D Canvas.
 3D Grid Tomography - Well Tie (Imaging/Tomography tab).
 3D Model Based Tomography - Time Preserving (Imaging/Tomography tab).
• GeologBasic (Borehole Data Management and Analysis for the Generalist) has been added as a companion
product to SeisEarth.

• Product selection - A new Quantitative Seismic Interpretation entry was added to the product selector. It
includes the following two products:
 QSI - AzFP for Reservoir Geophysics - Azimuthal Fracture Properties Analysis for Reservoir Geophysics.
 QSI - RFP for Reservoir Geophysics - Rock Fluid Properties Analysis for Reservoir Geophysics.
The Advanced Prestack Interpretation add-on to SeisEarth was renamed to: QSI - RFP for Interpretation.
Petrel-Epos Connectivity
• The Epos Connector plug-in has been ported to Petrel1 2014.
• The Petrel connectivity has been extended to Paradigm’s stand-alone Stratimagic, VoxelGeo, and
SKUA-GOCAD. The stand-alone products use the same RESQML file-based transfer mechanism as Epos.
• New data types such as 3D seismic volumes, pick properties, structural grids, well lithology logs, facies maps,
volumes, and stratigraphic grids can now be shared between Paradigm and Petrel.
• A Refresh Tree button reloads the data in the selected RESQML file. It means that you can use and reuse the
same file for data transfer without having to reselect it each time.
• Petrel’s triangle meshes can be exported to Epos as either fault or horizon type T-Surfaces. The Export
Triangle Meshes as Type: Fault or Horizon option is automatically proposed when a triangle mesh is
detected among the items selected for export to Paradigm.
Note: A list of data types that can be exchanged between Paradigm applications and Petrel is available in the
Knowledge Base at www.pdgm.com/support.
PNS
• Paradigm 15 services support starting services when Kerberos authentication is used.
• An advanced "store_study" function has been added to the PNS utility allowing study and skeleton creation or
replacement based on the contents of a text file. The operation will allow indicating an existing skeleton to use
as default for values not explicitly indicated.
SEG-Y Import/Export
• Batch loading multiple 3D SEG-Y files to a single brick file - It is now possible to batch load multiple 3D
SEG-Y files to a single brick file. This is done in Load New File mode in the SEG-Y Import dialog box. The
brick file expands while loading to include all the data in the SEG-Y files you selected. Previously, such batch
loading was available only for trace files.
• Batch loading multiple 3D SEG-Y files to multiple files - It is now possible to batch load multiple 3D SEG-Y
files of the same or different data types into Epos. A separate file is created for each SEG-Y file you load. This
is done in Load Multiple Data Types mode in the SEG-Y Import dialog box. The data type, subtype, and name
of each Epos file is set by the user. Previously, such batch loading was available only for 2D files.
1. Petrel is seismic to simulation software available from Schlumberger.

• Editing the EBCDIC header when exporting to SEG-Y format - You can edit the EBCDIC header easily
when exporting files to SEG-Y. The EBCDIC header window that opens when you click the Edit EBCDIC
button now works like a standard text editor in Insert mode. You can type, delete, or use the right-click Copy
and Paste options. If the text goes beyond the allowed 80 characters and 40 rows, it is colored in red. You can
preview the text using the Crop to EBCDIC Size button.
Vertical Function Data Manager
• You can now copy mute data from one 2D line to another. This option can be used when the mute file contains
only one mute function. The copied mute is saved to the first CMP in the line.
• You can now view 2D pencil files in the Vertical Function Data Manager. Previously, only 3D pencil files could
be viewed.
• When exporting vertical functions in VFNDEF format, you can now include the X,Y coordinates in the vertical
function headers.
WAM
• You can now launch the predefined and user-defined WAM queries in a shell using the Representational State
Transfer (REST) technology. WAM provides you with your user key and URL base, located in the Preferences
page.
• The WAM Administrator can now configure proxy settings. This means that WAM users who work on a network
configured to access internet through a Proxy can now use external WMS and WFS services.
The proxy configuration is carried out using the Proxy Settings tab added into the GIS Administration page. The
WAM Administrator toggles the Use Proxy button to Yes, then enters the Host, and Port, plus the Username
and Password of an authorized user:
The Proxy settings are saved into the WAM Administrator’s user preferences.
• You can now access WMS sites requiring authentication. This extends the number of sites available to add
layers into the WAM GIS application.
The WMS connection parameters have been enriched with user and password fields. These authentication
parameters are located in the Add Layer dialog box:
• You can now configure the WAM instance on Linux to work with a custom Apache distribution. We highly
recommend using one of the following Apache distributions:
 Httpd 2.2.3
 Httpd 2.2.15
 Httpd 2.2.27
Other versions of Httpd, though potentially compatible, are not officially supported.

Well Data Manager
Raster Logs
• New support for array constants - To support Raster Log depth registration storage, we added support for
generic "Array Constants". Under this expansion of the data model, all numeric constants can be multi-
valued (have an array of repeat values), or be single valued (only one repeat value). The new Array Constants
dialog box supports general editing/viewing of multi-valued constants. Currently "Array Constants" are
only used by Epos to store Raster Log image Depth registrations.
Logs
• You can now deactivate well logs in the Logs > Log Data tab by right-clicking on an active log in the Log Table
and selecting Deactivate.
Domain Conversion
• Create Position set from Directional set - You can now create a position set from a Directional survey for a
group of wells in batch mode.
• Comments - Comments are now enabled in the Checkshot Domain Conversion table. We have provided an
easy method to enable you to enter comments when working in the Well Data Manager’s Domain Conversion
> Check Shot tab. The Table Layout dialog box enables you to view two comment columns that you can
manually edit.
Well Lists
• Exporting well lists - Well lists can now be exported to an ASCII file. The well lists can then be imported into
other projects which have the same wells using the ASCII Import utility. The export operation is done in the
Well List tab by right-clicking on a well list and selecting Export to ASCII.
• Creating well lists - Well lists can now be created from the Markers tab in addition to all the other tabs.You
can now also assign an interpreter to the new well list. A new List Input Wells button was added to provide the
user with a list of all the wells that are in the new well list.
Well Markers
• Creating marker sets to be used in third-party software - When you create a new marker and save it to a
new set, you can now select the set's Management Style, which determines the metadata stored in the set’s
header. If you want to use the markers you are creating in Epos in OpenWorks or GeoFrame, you need to
select the Management Style that is compatible with the third-party style. This option is also available in 3D
Canvas and BaseMap when creating new markers.
• Display of Preferred Time and Preferred TVD values - The Well Markers Table can now display two
additional columns: Preferred Time and Preferred TVD. The values in these columns are according to the
settings in the Well Data Domain Conversion and Time & TVD Markers Settings dialog box opened from the
Customize menu in the Well Data Manager. This enables you to view the values as they are in the application
windows.
• Sending markers from the Well Data Manager to the Well Log window - You can now send markers
automatically from the Well Data Manager to the Well Log window. This is only relevant when working with a
Well Log window that is opened from the Well Data Manager. If you create a new marker or change a marker

name in the Well Data Manager, to display it in the Well Log window, select the marker in the Well Markers
table in the Markers > Markers for Well tab, right-click and select the new option Load Markers into Log
Window. The marker automatically appears in the Display Elements of the Well Log window. This option is
also accessed from the Markers > Markers for Feature tab.
Well Data Servers
Recall 5.4 Well Server
• This is the initial release built with Paradigm 15 Services.
Note: Two Recall 5 license features are required: STANDARD_SYSTEM along with a DEVKIT feature. The
DEVKIT feature is required for all non-Landmark Recall applications including the Paradigm well server.
GeoFrame 2012 Well Server
• The third-party Well server name format (full display name) has been aligned with the format already used for
the Epos Well server.
• The template file diagnostic output is now enabled whenever the DBSTRACE parameter is set to non-zero.
The output is written to a log file having the same name and location as the startup script except that it is
terminated with a log file instead of .tmp. This is typically in the /tmp or /var/tmp directory.
• Support has been added for service startup when Kerberos authentication is used.
OpenWorks R5000.8.1 and R5000.8.3 Well Server
• The maximum length of Checkshot survey names has increased from 24 to 50 characters.
• Support has been added for the version of the survey name when storing a new checkshot set that references
an existing survey name.
• Support has been added for platform information. Set data kind is PLATFORM.
• Support has been added for platform slot information. Set data kind is SLOT.
• Template file diagnostic output is now enabled whenever the DBSTRACE parameter is set to non-zero. The
output is written to a log file having the same name and location as the startup script except that it is terminated
with a log file instead of .tmp. This is typically in the /tmp or /var/tmp directory.
• Support has been added for the version of the survey name when storing a new synthetic set that references
OpenWorks R5000.10.1 Well Server
• The maximum length of Checkshot survey names has increased from 24 to 50 characters.

• Support has been added for the version of the survey name when storing a new checkshot set that references
• Support has been added for platform information. Set data kind is PLATFORM.
• Support has been added for platform slot information. Set data kind is SLOT.
• Template file diagnostic output is now enabled whenever the DBSTRACE parameter is set to non-zero. The
output is written to a log file having the same name and location as the startup script except that it is terminated
with a log file instead of .tmp. This is typically in the /tmp or /var/tmp directory.
• Support has been added for the version of the survey name when storing a new synthetic set that references
Fixed Problems
ASCII Import
• NAN values are now honored when importing well markers.
• When importing casing, the well data set DEPTH log (the top depth of the wellbore interval to which the casing
string was installed) is now imported.
Epos Applications Control Panel
• The Fix References utility no longer fails when the table is long.
• When the database is upgraded from previous releases, in some cases error messages about database
upgrade failure appeared. This has been fixed.
• On Windows machines, the command line PG_epos_relocate_data_paths now updates the

PGA_WindowsAlias with the correct Windows paths.
Coordinate System Service (CSS)
• A problem with datum shift selection so that direct solutions have preference over indirect concatenated
solutions has been fixed.
• A problem about the polyconic map projection operation that had a formula error which caused an erroneous
reverse conversion longitude result has been fixed.
• A CRS conversion problem from Brazil Polyconic to UTM CRS is fixed. Previously, 2D picks were shifted when
displayed in Section window and T-surfaces were shifted in 3D Canvas display relative to the picks.
Permissions Manager
• Access permissions for a well database are now shown correctly in the Permissions Manager when the
DBS_PERM_READ value is set to <your_value_here>.

PNS
• When using external config area with pns_config_defs configuration file, all segments are now
automatically detected. Previously, only one segment was automatically detected.
Project/Survey Manager
• Attaching a well database no longer gives a message that the attachment cannot be done.
• 2D lines could not be deleted when they had a large amount of picks. This is fixed.
SEG-Y Import/Export
• SEG-Y Export now exports the exact maximum depth range when the vertical units are Foot and the Other
units in the Project/Survey Manager are Imperial.
• Direct SEG-Y mode no longer hangs when loading a very large file of shot gathers and customization includes
customizing shot number and inline/crossline numbers.
Seismic Data Manager
• When copying linked 2D files, Seismic Data Manager no longer crashes.
• When creating a filled volume with output sort order Inline Slice or Xline Slice from a large volume without
decimating the vertical axis, Seismic Data Manager no longer crashes.
Session Manager
• YPF Bundles are now available for selection from Product Selection.
• Base Synthetics is included in GeoDepth licenses.
• The color filter in the Open Project/Survey dialog box now works.
Shared Memory
• Files with int16100 format are now loaded correctly to shared memory.
• In the Load to Shared Memory dialog box, the min/max values of a velocity volume are now shown in the same
units as the Convert field and in the histogram.
WAM
• If an indexing process is already underway, a refresh no longer interrupts it. Previously, if the WAM
administrator pressed the F5 (refresh) key whilst on the Indexing Generation Status page, the indexing
operation restarted.
• The values are now translated correctly when attaching a survey in imperial units. Previously, the project was
set with the wrong bounding box, depth and velocity values.

• The worker properties script has been corrected. Previously, an error in this script produced error messages
stating that the amount of data provided in the request exceeded the capacity limit.
• The messages logged during the WAM configuration are now much clearer. Previously, confusing error
messages lead the user to believe that the configuration was not being carried out correctly.
Well Data Manager
• A saved or edited Classification Table in StratEarth is now updated in the Well Data Manager after clicking
Reload Data.
Well Data Servers
GeoFrame 2012 Well Server
• A problem with truncation of a log set comment items so that an error is not produced if truncation occurs has
been fixed.
OpenWorks R5000.8.1 and R5000.8.3 Well Server
been fixed.
• A problem that caused the original set name to be lost when storing synthetic data has been fixed.
• A problem that could cause newly created well list creation to fail without being any error message has been
fixed.
OpenWorks R5000.10.1 Well Server
been fixed.
• A problem that caused the original set name to be lost when storing synthetic data has been fixed.
• A problem that could cause newly created well list creation to fail without being any error message has been
fixed.

Formation Evaluation
Geolog
Highlights
The Geolog 7.3 – Paradigm 15 highlights are in line with the Geolog vision; to continue to set the standard for
Petrophysical and well-centric Geological interpretation by making advanced science available to everyone.
Miscellaneous
Geolog to Petrel Data Connector
Geolog-Link plug-in is the Geolog to Petrel data connector which provides a direct data transfer link between
Geolog and the Petrel seismic to simulation software. Geolog-Link plug-in displays Geolog data in a way that is
familiar to Petrel software users.
Geolog-Link plug-ins for Petrel 13 and Petrel 14 are provided with Geolog 7.3 – Paradigm 15.
The Geolog-Link plug-in MSI installer, Installation and User Guides PDFs are stored in the following locations:
Program Files\Paradigm\Geolog7.3\install\petrel_geolog_link_2013 and

\petrel_geolog_link_2014
Note: Unless you have a GeologFullSet licence, a new licence (GEOLOG_PETREL_LINK) is required to run
Geolog-Link plug-in on Geolog 7.3 – Paradigm 15. Please contact your local Paradigm Sales
representative for details.
Enhancements to Geolog-Link plug-in include:
• Import – Geolog to Petrel

 checkshot data (new in Geolog 7.3 – Paradigm 15)
• Export – Petrel to Geolog

 well location (new in Geolog 7.3 – Paradigm 15)
 formation tops (new in Geolog 7.3 – Paradigm 15)
 computed wireline logs (new in Geolog 7.3 – Paradigm 15)
Well
Facimage
Data normalization has been improved and normalization parameters can now be changed interactively.

Performance improvements have been made to the AHC clustering method. Additionally, memory requirements of
AHC clustering algorithms have been dramatically reduced such that much larger models can now be processed
without running out of memory.
AHC model building can now be completed in a single step. A dendrogram has been added to show the hierarchy
of models. Additionally, the number of clusters in the AHC model can now be dynamically adjusted after the model
is built.
Fig. 1: Dendrogram of AHC model generated using Ward method
Log Splicing Utility
The new Logs Splice utility allows the splicing of multiple logs from different sets. The logs to be spliced can have
different names in different sets. Splice depth points can be automatically defined or graphically inserted and
moved in the layout preview. The layout preview shows which set is used for each interval between the splice
points to create the output log. The output log is updated in real time as the splice depth points are moved.

Fig. 2: New interactive Splice Log window
Multimin
• Multimin Model
 New functionality to collapse and resize tables has improved the User Interface, to maximize the amount of
useful information on the screen.
 On the Formulation tab, the Log/Value methods are now automatically set depending on the text entered.
 The new Extra Output Logs tab added to the model editor enables you to specify extra post-Multimin
processing output logs.

Fig. 3: Multimin Model – Extra Output Logs tab
• Nimble Analysis
 Easier specification of the model for volumes and the model for response optimization.
 The color-coding of cells which cannot be optimized.
Photo Importer
Import a single photo, define an associated depth and attach a description, where available. These single photos
can then be displayed in a Photo track in Layout.
Pore Pressure Prediction
The Pore Pressure Prediction modules now allow for interval processing. The primary purpose of running per
interval is to show compaction trends to be different across different intervals, for oil fields and sedimentary basins
where the burial history is complex. The well data is zoned to match strata with same compaction behavior and the
pore pressure gradients modeled on this basis.

Compaction Trend Analysis – a new automatic regression option is available for the RT, SP_GR_VSH, FLAG and
DRILLING calculation methods in which the intercept/gradient for the normal compaction trend log are calculated
and saved to the database. As a result, when the Display/Refresh compaction trend xplots step is run, the
crossplots will now display the Line of Regression with the saved Intercept and Gradient. If these values are
changed on the crossplot, the module automatically gets the updated values (if Autorun is On and OPT_NC_FIT is
switched to MANUAL, the program will automatically update trend logs).
Fig. 4: Compaction trend crossplot per interval.
Raster Logs
You can now save and reload a Raster log editing session.
Stereonet
Automatic clustering and saving of cluster statistics is now available.

Fig. 5: Automatic dip cluster generation

Miscellaneous
Geolog-Link plug-in (Petrel Connector)
• Geolog–Link plug-in provided with Geolog 7.3 – Paradigm 15 is compatible with Petrel 13 and Petrel 14.
• Importing CHECKSHOT data from Geolog to Petrel.
• Exporting well location, formation tops and computed wireline logs from Petrel to Geolog.
• A table detailing the transfer data types has been added to the Geolog–Link plug-in User Guide.

Shared
Database
• The ability to store files, such as well related documents in the database has been added. An entry is added to
the WELL_HEADER Comments for each file inserted. Double-clicking the file name in the Comments table of
the Text view will open the file using the associated viewer or prompt for suitable editing software.
User Interface
• The Geolog icon has been upgraded to a higher resolution.
• Tile, Stack and Snapshot options have been added to Floating windows.
• The Geolog Preferences text editor capabilities have been extended to include highlighting for matching
brackets.
• Line numbers and highlighting of the current line number are now shown in the Text File view. And you can
now print a file opened in a Text File view.
• The [Del] keyboard shortcut is now only available for the Edit > Delete menu item, in views that do not use
tables as their content, basically the graphical views.
• The Files window has a new menu item for opening the selected file or directory in Windows Explorer.
• Added support for 4K or high-DPI monitors in Windows 8 and above.
• The highlight of the focus cell has been made clearer on Windows, Linux platforms and 4K monitors.
• In the table menu, Reset Cell(s) to Default has been renamed to Clear with [Del] as the shortcut key.
• There is now an additional method of editing a cell; when you press the [Backspace] key, the cell will enter edit
mode and will also delete the existing text.
• Cycle menu items have been removed from the context menu of tables using row-select mode.
• Copy, paste, reset, and fill menu items have been removed for row-select mode and list-type tables.
General
• tp_evaluate and the Highlight window now correctly write to continuously interpolated logs when an input set
has interpolation = TOPS.
• An explanation of the Common Bed Boundary Model is now provided in the Geolog Help at General Menu >
General > General > Tools > Block.
• The Semblance Analysis Processing and Picking documentation in the Full Wave Sonic help has been
expanded.
• Table sorting in the Configuration Editor has been improved. Find and Replace functionality has also been
added.
• An updated version (TCL 8.6.1) of the Tcl/Tk Reference in PDF is available in the Geolog Help at Reference >
TCL/TK Reference > TCL/Tk Commands.

• Two sample scripts have been added to the {INSTALLATION}\doc\examples directory:
 Bulk conversion of cgm files to a nominated image file format, bulk_convert_to_image.tclsh
 Batch loads flat ascii files, batch_load_ascii_files.tclsh
• The feature added in Geolog 7.2 – Paradigm 14.1, where the unit system was stored and retrieved from a well
constant in the WELL_PROJECT has been removed in Geolog 7.3 – Paradigm 15. The unit system used is
specified by the value set in the PG_UNIT_SYSTEM environment variable.
Artist
• CGM version 3 files produced by other software packages contain the transparent cell color element. While
Geolog fully supports the CGM version 1 standard, the additional functionality to read and write the transparent
cell color element has been introduced so that cell arrays with transparency can be accommodated.
• A new zoom option is provided for images for when the DPI of an image is different to the screen DPI. This
option is available for image formats; JPG, PNG and TIFF.
Geosteer
• Setting the display of the Reference and Log Grids is now available for the gs_section track.
• Added pick editing support for layouts using segmented TST or TVD as the primary scale reference.
• Scale Track References can now be easily changed between TST and TVD segments. Added ability to select
a log segment (e.g., REFERENCE.TVDSEG_S1_UP) of a geosteering well as the Reference for a Scale track
in a layout. This enables the viewing and comparison of modeled logs with LWD logs for a TVD/TST Reference
log segment, in a vertical layout.
• Display an extra Dips set on the Geosteer Section track.
• Pick Edit now has an auto-correlation feature allowing fast, easy pick insertion and modification.
• The feedback message shown when creating a new geosteering well using an offset well without a TVD/TST
reference log, has been changed to "Unable to find REFERENCE LOG in WELL".
Project
Export
• Sample scripts to export logs labeled without version numbers have been added to the File Exporter section of
the Geolog Help.
Mapsheet
• You can now select multiple wells in a Mapsheet and use the right-click > Start Section Program option to
view the selected wells in the Line of Section view.

Well
3D Model
• A Color log can now be used when generating a new 3D Model.
• 3D Model creation by importing directly from a Gocad project file.
Borehole Processing and Analysis
• Support added for:

 the Antares slim-hole micro-resistivity imager tool.
 the Schlumberger NGI tool, which is a replacement for the Dual OBMI tool.
 the Baker Atlas UltrasonicXplorer acoustic image tool.
• New module added to the Borehole Image Processing suite which allows for automatic and/or manual bad
button correction.
Core Analysis
• Johnson and Skelt-Harrison equations are now available in the built-in equation list.
• Bi-modal and tri-modal pore networks equations are now available in the built-in equation list.
• A new Show Connections option in Core Analysis corrections view, to draw lines between uncorrected and
corrected points.
Determin
• Added more information to the help for the shale_gas module (available via Petrophysics menu >
Unconventionals > Shale > Gas Volumes).
• Added environmental corrections for standard Weatherford wireline tools; GR, AFD, CNT, DLL & STI.
• DSL and KTH have been added as options to the Baker Spectralog corrections.
• Added crossplots with contractor specific functions to the Petrophysics menu.
• The module help for the Schlumberger Greenbook Compensated Neutron tool modules, evs_cna and
evs_cnapor has been updated.
• Caliper correction removal has been added using the chart lookup from evs_tnph.
Facimage
• Memory requirements for building Facimage STM models have been dramatically reduced. It is now possible
to build STM from training data with 20,000 or more samples.
• Facimage AHC cluster Model

 Facimage Supervised Qualitative Diagnostics now runs much faster.

 The default AHC aggregation criteria is now Ward's method. Ward's method is now much faster than
Centroid
 Performance of Facimage AHC clustering algorithms has been improved. Ward's aggregation criteria is now
particularly fast, even with Mahalanobis metric.
 Memory requirements of Facimage AHC clustering algorithms have been dramatically reduced. Much larger
models can now be processed without running out of memory.
 Facimage AHC method now computes the entire hierarchy of models in a single model building step. The
number of clusters in the AHC model can now be dynamically adjusted after the model is built.
 Facimage AHC method now computes and displays a dendrogram showing the hierarchy of models.
• Normalization
 A new Normalization tab is available in Facimage allowing direct visualization of the normalized space used
for building models. The normalization parameters can be changed interactively.
 Log normalization options are now identical for all Facimage model types.
 Mahalanobis and Variance metrics are now available for all model types. There is no longer a drop in
performance when using Mahalanobis or Variance metrics.
 A new Histogram normalization mode that normalizes the training data based on percentile values is
available for all models.
Launcher
• Print and Report items added to the Module Launcher File menu.
• A new Auto Update checkbox has been added.

When Auto Update is toggled ON, the well is automatically updated with the module's input constants and
intervals when the module is run. In the Well application, the well is also automatically updated with the module's
input constants and intervals when you type data into the module launcher's table. This feature of immediate
update of the well constants and intervals was introduced in Geolog 7.
When Auto Update is toggled OFF, then the well update (with the module's input constants and intervals) does
not occur. The only data that is written when the module is run are the items defined as output or as input/output,
and are written as part of the processing of the module output. This is similar to the way Geolog 6.7.1 behaved.
The Update Data button is however still available if you want to update the well with the input constants and
intervals displayed in the module launcher table.
• Processing time for data intensive processing modules such as tp_smooth can now be shortened when
multiple CPU cores are utilized in parallel. A Parallel checkbox is displayed and toggled ON (default) for these
modules.
• The ability to specify the maximum number of CPU cores to use for parallel processing has been added to the
Geolog preferences.
Layout
• The Properties log list can now be expanded vertically.
• Print to file functionality can now handle spaces in output filename.

• Graphical Tools
 For a new output set created using the Depth Shift tool, the depth reference will contain the comment
"Depthshifted based on SET.LOG". When a Shift set is created, a comment will be added to the Shift set logs,
indicating the SET.LOG the depth shifts were calculated on.
 A Show/Hide Sinusoid button has been added to the Edit Dips dialog box so you can quickly see how the
apparent dip sine wave fits the geological event being picked.
 A Process all logs option has been added to the Depth Shift, Clear Logs and Split Logs commands. When
selected, all the logs in the Input Set will be processed.
• Array Data Viewer

 Increased font size for X-Axis label display.
 Signal-to-Noise (S/N) ratios are displayed on the Array Data Viewer when formatted echo signal and echo
noise logs are present.
 Parameters for both NMR experiment processing sequence types (D_T2 and T1_T2) can now be viewed/
modified via the Array Data Viewer (ECHO_SIGNAL).
Line of Section
• The option to specify a level from the selected scheme so that all the intervals in that level will be available for
interpretation, has been added. This is for attaching points to and shaping the interwell areas, so that even if an
interval does not occur in the well data, if it is in the level of the scheme, it will be available for use.
• A new tool to separate boundaries where boundaries coincide with zero interval thickness.
• Point entry is now easier, so that when a point is not inserted directly on a boundary line, the closest boundary
line will attach to the control point.
• Control over point size has been added.
• Select All Points option has been added.
• Added capacity for fixed widths between well displays, to match functionality available in Geolog 6.7.1 of a
reference grid background for cross-sections with fixed separation of wells.
• Added functionality to create polyline (multiple point) line of sections.
Loglan
• More information about the Visible and Tab Label fields has been added in the Loglan help.
Multimin
• Multimin Model
 The default Simandoux equation "Method" (or "Version") has changed from Simandoux to Schlumberger.
 The "Neutron log excavation effect correction" checkbox is now always available when a Neutron log is
chosen (no oil or gas fluid volume required).
 "Neutron log excavation effect correction" now includes Isolated & Parallel volumes.

 "Neutron log excavation effect correction" involves calculation of factor k based on volumes of Quartz,
Dolomite & Calcite. If none of these volumes is chosen => k:=1.
 Reimplemented mid-interval depth property results; FT, FP, CWB, CW, SALW, SALMF, OILSG (and CWBT,
CWBS for Dual Water, if entered by user).
 Added Log/Value option for all clays in Formulation/Volume Log Responses (except for CT & CXO).
 In Formulation/ Volume Properties, all parameters for clays now have Log/Value options.
 On the Formulation tab, the Log/Value method is now automatically set depending on text entered. In
addition, '-' reverts to default value, ' ' (empty) reverts to default log or value (dependent on current method).
 The Formulation tab now has splitter bars and table expand/collapse buttons.
 Extra Outputs Logs tab added to the model editor enabling you to specify extra post-Multimin processing
output logs.
A new output Volume Log from linear combinations of volumes computed by individual models. The volume
multiplier cells accept both constant and alpha values so either fixed or externally-sourced variable
multipliers can be used.
On the Methods tab, if an input model log is to be active or not. The default value is Yes, and, in this case,
logs are used by Multimin as in previous versions. If a log is specified as not being active, it will appear in
the Synthetic Logs table on the Extra Output Logs tab. A synthetic log will be computed from the computed
model volumes using the responses for the non-active log(s) as entered in the Formulation”/”Volume Log
Responses.
 Method columns are now hidden by default.
 Uncertainty and Method columns have been added to the Volume Log Responses table.
 Tooltips added to all relevant tables, indicating possible methods (Value or Log, Value only, Log only).
 Bound water volumes added for Archie LINEAR & NON-LINEAR saturation equations.
 For both Archie and Dual Water LINEAR & NON-LINEAR saturation equations:
The Method cell for Saturation Factor (w) is grayed out with no Value/Log shown.
(w) is calculated according to the formula W = 0.75*M + 0.25*N.
If either or both of the Methods cells for Cementation Exponent (m) and Saturation Exponent (n) are changed
to Log then the Saturation Factor (w) Parameter value is calculated on a frame-by-frame basis according to
the same formula. The value shown in the (w) "Parameter" cell remains unchanged.
For LINEAR options, only W is used (see doc describing linearization of Dual Water and Archie saturation
equations). Neither M nor N are used in the minimization, -they are just for the derivation of W.
For NON_LINEAR options, W (derived from M & N) is used to minimize to a linear solution before switching
to the non-linear which reverts to M & N.
• Multimin Analysis
 Multimin Analysis now offers options Use finest and Use coarsest for Sampling Log. Set to Use finest by
default.
 Save as... option added to Values button on Multimin Analysis interface. Closing the interface will no longer
open a Save dialog box (consistent with Module Launcher).
 The resizing of parameters space and interval/range value column in Analysis is now being retained.

 Multimin processing now ceases for wells where all unit conversions cannot be performed, consistent with
Module Launcher.
• Nimble Analysis
 Added MM_MODEL (Model for volumes from Input Set) to Range Parameters.
 Comment for MODEL_INVERSE changed to "Model for parameter optimization".
 Save as... option added to Values button on Nimble Analysis interface. Closing the interface will no longer
open a Save dialog box (consistent with Module Launcher).
 Responses cells for non-linear and pseudo-linear equations, as well as CXO and CT, are not selectable for
response optimization.
NMR
• Formatting and processing of CMR station logs.
• Loading existing launcher spec files in the 2D Inversion module, and sub-setting experiment sequences has
been removed. The sub-sequences step has been moved to the Data Formatting stage; the advisory
sequences are now loaded by default in the formatting modules, and saved in the database as Geolog
standard constants.
• Tool type removed from 2D Inversion module.
• The inversion map types, DT2_DE and DT2_GTE have been replaced with D_T2.
• Predefined layouts have been modified to accommodate changes introduced with this release.
• Estimate Fluid Properties module now outputs four scalar logs to represent two points (T2,D) of the oil line on
the D-T2 map.
• Map 2D Viewer
 The fluid logs output from the Estimate Fluid Properties module are now loaded (rather than constant values)
in the 2D Map track and Map 2D Viewer. The fluid lines can now be moved when loaded.
 The image map now displays using the same colormap as the 2D Map track.
 A bulk shift can be applied for the selected processing range, so the change at one depth position in the
Map2d Viewer will be applied to the entire processing range.
 When stacking is applied to array data, the current depth or depth range is now displayed in the Map 2D
Viewer, along with the outputs of Sxo, Soil etc.
 Fluid regions can now be defined using polygons in Map 2D Viewer.
 Print functionality has been added to the Map 2D Viewer (and Array Data Viewer).
Pay Summary
• Pay Summary Analysis now offers Use finest (default) and Use coarsest options for the Sampling Log.
• When the report file name prefix field of Pay Summary is left blank a report will now not be generated.
• New Pay Model vshale-only specification file(s) have been added to the Geolog Installation/specs directory;
vshale-only_imperial, vshale-only_metric, vshale-only_mixed.

Photo Importer
• Added ability to import single images and add a comment and depth to an image.
Pore Pressure Prediction
• Interval processing is now available for Pore Pressure Prediction modules.
Raster Log
• Support has been added for saving and loading an edit session for the Raster Log document view.
Stereonet
• Automatic clustering of dips is now available.
• Further selection options; Select All Dips, Deselect All Dips and Select Cluster have been added to the Define
Cluster dialog box.
• An option has been added to display the rose diagram in cluster color(s) when Cluster mode is enabled.
• Rotation parameters (rotation angle and rotation axis) or log used to rotate dips are now stored in the
database.
Text
• Improved performance for all bulk cell operations.
Text Importer
• Automatic guess at number of header rows has been improved to cover more situations.
Wellpath
• The Wellpath synchronized position marker is now available in the Wellpath Section view.
Xplot
• The position indicator between views has been extended in the Frequency and Xplot views, to include axis
expression using identical and near-identical log names. The crosshairs display is still only activated when
identical or near-identical log names are in both views.
Fixed Problems
Artist
• Restored constrained (Horizontal, Vertical and 45 degree) drag that was lost when adding between application
drag support in Geolog 7.1.
• Translation of strings now occurs between TCL UTF-8 character set and the 8-bit system character set.

• With particular settings, a blank Adobe PDF file could be produced from the Layout view using the File:PDF
driver. A generalized routine has been introduced to prevent this type of problem for a series of settings.
• The Printer: PDF Document Writer was implemented where a layout or image could be output to a PDF
document in a paginated format. For the first release of this document writer only standard paper sizes were
supported. This latest release now supports custom paper sizes for PDF output up to a maximum of 200
inches per page.
Audit Trail
• Fixed typo in an error message displayed when attempting to change audit trail in a Text view.
Borehole Image Processing
• tp_speedcorrect_apply module has been changed to ensure that it uses the full extent of the input logs, the
DEPTH_OFFSET_TOOL parameter removed, and the Geolog Help revised.
Core Analysis
• Core Analysis now stores FWL_OIL, FWL_GAS and GOC constants in the input set header.
Correlation
• Fixed bug where opening a Correlator file from the recent menu would result in the correlation opening in the
Section application.
• Fixed bug where Correlator behaved incorrectly when the correlation was flattened on a given pick and then
the display scale changed.
• Pressing F5 now refreshes Correlator allowing externally modified data to be seen without restarting Well.
Database
• Hydrogen Index (HI_XXX) units have been corrected from V/V to CATEGORY_LESS.
• When Geolog applications are run from the Paradigm Session Manager they now use the EPOS application
folder attached to the EPOS project, not the folder attached to the well database.
Determin
• Fixed bug in the Morris-Biggs option of perm_wyllie_rose Loglan which caused output to be missing.
• The reporting in Microsoft Excel spreadsheets generated from the determin_mc module is now sensitive to the
PG_UNIT_SYSTEM environment variable.
• Previously, an invalid interval range was listed in the Microsoft Excel report generated from the determin_mc
module. The correct processing range is now shown in the Interval field.

Facimage
• It is now possible to use EFAC as a model/associated log name making it easier to feed the output of one
model into another model using default names.
Frequency
• Frequency now stores constants in the set header for points.
General
• Fixed bug where previously certain names, aliased to a name with a base name fail to find its loginfo file. For
example, VOUI and VXOI aliased to VOL_VOIL and VOL_XOIL, failed to resolve to VOL.
• Text Importer in Connect now works the same as in Project. It will create a well and load constants in a single
pass, which can be read immediately by Well Data Manager after a File > Reload Data menu command.
• Evaluate dock widget no longer writes values between selected intervals when the Between Intervals
checkbox is unchecked.
• The Configuration Editor now allows you to select which loginfo file(s) you wish to edit or view. At least one
option must be selected and this will usually be the loginfo file based on your current unit system. If the file
loginfo.loginfo is found in any of the searchlist directories then it will be merged with the appropriate base
loginfo file (based on current unit system) and chosen as the initial selection. When you click Save or are
prompted to save any changes to the LogInfo document view, only the currently selected loginfo file(s) will be
saved.
Geosteer
• Geosteer Section drawing bugs fixed in vertical segmented views.
GUI
• Fixed bug where common Microsoft Office files could not be opened from the Files window.
• Menus are checked before saving so that their names are all unique throughout the tree. The custom menu
now respects hierarchy even if the names are the same.
• Fixed bug where entering an invalid value in Loglan shows an error balloon but advances the cursor to the next
cell.
• Fill now uses correct unit handling. Previously, only the first cell in a multi-cell fill operation was correctly
converted to the projects preferred unit.
• Fill operations in tables can now can be performed in blocks. Previously, you could only fill in single column or
single row.
• Fixed bug where the selected visual style was not being applied correctly.
• Fixed bug where the visual style defined in the Preferences dialog box was not being saved.

• Support added for cut and paste when using mui_dialog and mui_select in tcl scripts.
• Fixed bug were the text combo-box list entries were not being translated according to the current character set
translation on windows.
• Move and Select table menus now appear according to selection mode (single or multiple) and behavior (cell
or row selection).
• Screen values that contain an "or" are now handled correctly in macro recording and playback.
Launcher
• An Auto Update checkbox has been added. When Auto Update is toggled ON, the well is automatically
updated with the module's input constants and intervals when the module is run. In the Well application, the
well is also automatically updated with the module's input constants and intervals when you type data into the
module launcher's table. This feature of immediate update of the constants and intervals in a well was
introduced in Geolog 7.
When Auto Update is toggled OFF, the well update (with the module's input constants and intervals) does not
occur. The only data that is written when the module is run are the items defined as output or as input/output,
and are written as part of the processing of the module output. This is similar to the way Geolog 6.7.1 behaved.
The Update Data button is however still available if you want to update the well with the input constants and
intervals displayed in the module launcher table. Note that when constants and intervals that appear in the
module launcher's table are edited in another view (e.g., Xplot, Text) then the launcher table is updated with the
new values.
In addition, a new environment variable, PG_LAUNCHER_AUTO_UPDATE controls the default setting of the
Auto Update checkbox. If not set or set to "true" then the Auto Update checkbox default setting is ON. When set
to "false" then the Auto Update checkbox default setting is OFF.
• Array constants are now output from module launcher correctly instead of as a single value.
Layout
• Fixed bug where the values specified in the Minimum and Maximum fields on the Map2D track had no effect
upon the data displayed.
• Fixed bug where tracks with accumulating lithology would not display correctly in some situations.
Wireline track shading using a colormap matches an image track, shading using a color log matches a lithology
track.
• Wireline log curve colormap shading has been changed from using the left and right track limits to using curve
min and max values so that when the track scales are changed the coloring stays the same.
• Fixed bug where Layout would not maintain its current depth when the display scale was changed.
• A photo displayed in a photo track will now resize when the track width is increased.
• Graphical editing commands now use the correct unit string for the new generated log curves.

Miscellaneous
• Unit conversion factor for BCF/MI^2 in volume_area.units has been corrected from 9.14e-08 to 10940000.
• Removed recording of FILE_SELECTOR during macro recording of adding a function to a Xplot.
• Units for LV (Langmuir Value), GAS (Shale gas) and GC (Gas contact) have been changed from M3/K to M3/
TONNE.
• Units M3/TONNE have been added to the volume_mass.units spec file.
Module
• Fixed bug where tp_array_sonic_loadspec crashed the Well application when loading spec file with multiple
wells selected.
• OPT_RHO_MISS parameter has been removed from Overburden Pressure module (obpress.lls) and Pore and
Fracture Pressure module (ppp_porefrac_pressure).
• REFERENCE.DEPTH is now the default sampling log in obpress.lls.
• Protection has been added for loading Geolog Ascii files that do not conform properly to the specification.
• Fixed bug that caused a crash in tp_fill when horizontal fill type was used for empty logs.
Multimin
• Fixed bug in verification process when using XRD/IR, ECS or INES equations.
• Fixed bug and message generated where models created in Geolog 7.1 and Geolog 7.2 may be affected by
inadequate machine precision and cause a crash.
• Fixed bug where a model that functioned in Geolog 7.1 did not function in Geolog 7.2 as expected.
• In Nimble module, removed error message for empty output set. Output Set text box permanently cleared.
• For Dual Water models, (w) is now recalculated when the model is loaded, according to the formula W =
0.75*M + 0.25*N. Any existing value (w) in the model is ignored. A Log name for (w) can still be provided for
backwards compatibility. In general, (w) should be considered as an internal value only.In Nimble module,
removed error message for empty output set. Output Set text box permanently cleared.
• Results improved for non-linear equations and models with a BAD condition number.
• Fixed bug with created sets if the depth in the reference set has a coarse sampling rate.
• Fixed error in Juhasz saturation calculation.
Pay Summary
• The harmonic mean logs for zone sets produced from Pay Summary were previously invalid; they now match
the equivalent values given in the report.

• Fixed problem where pay was not detected if multiple non-contiguous pay frames occur within the maximum
separation.
• Fixed bug where Geolog would crash when running a Pay Summary with TVD as the primary reference.
• Fixed a bug in Pay Model caused by inserting an extra cutoff log with a log name that was not in the loginfo file.
• Cutoff and curve log names can now be entered in the format SET.LOG. If a set name is not entered it is
assumed that LOG is in the default set.
• Previously, tp_paysummary module crashed if too many curves and all three output sets were selected (not
enough memory allocated). Memory allocation has been increased to accommodate every possible curve.
Petrel Link
• A dummy vertical well path (Down to Total Depth) is generated for wells that do not contain a valid directional
data set.
Project
• Fixed problem loading DLIS files without a DEPTH log (no frames were loaded).
• Fixed crash when loading a DLIS file containing a channel set with no data.
• Fixed bug where File Exporter removed content from the comment in a constant when it encountered
parentheses(). File Exporter now substitutes parentheses() with brackets[].
• Various improvements to the DLIS export and import functionality.
• Some improvements have been made to the way range intervals are sorted when multiple wells are selected.
Text
• The number of decimal places will now not be set until a log contains some data values.
• Where there is no Loginfo default, real numbers entered as log values for a new log now display correctly.
• A quotation mark " is no longer special and does not need to be prefixed with a backslash \. Only linefeed
translated to and from require the special \n sequence.
• Row selection is no longer lost when left or right clicking in other columns in the table.
• Fixed bug where Text view did not behave correctly when manually editing alpha values that did not have an
associated depth reference
Text Importer
• Delimiters, headers and logs (if specified) are now redetermined when loading a new template with the Load
Template button.
• Text Importer can now load files with up to 1,048,576 lines.

Well
• Improvements have been made to the way range intervals are sorted when multiple wells are selected.
• In Log Filter, quotes are now supported to handle filtering for values with spaces. For example, when applying
a filter of SOURCE: "Multimin Analysis".
Wellpath
• Fixed bug where the depth increment would not respond to user input in Wellpath 3D mode.
Xplot
• Xplot now stores constants in the set header of the set containing the controlling log for points, lines, Pickett
plots and Thomas Stieber diagrams.
• Fixed bug where Xplot points set in interval mode would revert to default position after previously being set.
• Handling of graphically removing data in Xplot has been improved when the X and Y axes are loaded from
different sets.

Interpretation and Visualization
GeoSec 2D
Fixed Problems
Epos Wells
• A problem with imported well markers having wrong depths has been fixed. The problem appeared for the
projects with imperial units only, and it was connected with the improper unit conversion.
Copy Well
• Previously, the Copy Well operation could result in a new well with the wrong well head (improper values of
Depth, Dip, and Dip Azimuth). Such a defect could in turn affect subsequent well operations like well
projection, etc. This problem has been fixed.
Online Help
• A description for the IHF format for T-Surfaces has been added to the Appendices > IHF File Format section.
SeisEarth and Explorer

Shared Features
Some new features and enhancements are shared among multiple SeisEarth and Explorer applications.
Working with Fault-Horizon Contacts (structural interpretation)
Fault-horizon contacts facilitate simple structural interpretation workflows for identifying the intersections between
horizons and faults. The primary purposes of this are to enable QC while interpreting, to identify the spatial
locations of hangingwall cutoffs (HWC) and footwall cutoffs (FWC), and to aid in the automatic and manual creation
of fault outlines for structural map generation.
You can interactively create, display, and edit fault-horizon contacts in the interpretation windows.
Fault-horizon contacts can be manually drawn in 3D Canvas, and they can be calculated by on-demand automatic
batch calculation in 3D Canvas or Section. Fault-horizon contacts can be used in BaseMap to automatically
calculate fault outlines, and/or guide manual outline picking ("snap to contacts").

These are the main steps you can take in a fault-horizon contacts workflow:
• Create fault-horizon contacts

 Manual creation of fault-horizon contacts in 3D Canvas. The contact points can be drawn on any visible
object or seismic data using the Draw Contact Points tool . The Draw Contact Points tool is available
when there is an active horizon pick.
 Batch calculation of fault-horizon contacts in 3D Canvas or Section is done from the Interpretation >
Calculate Fault-Horizon Contacts utility in which you define the input horizons and faults.
The created contacts are displayed automatically in all opened interpretation windows and can be saved.
• Edit fault-horizon contacts

 Change Role (High/Low/Center) or Type (Hangingwall/Footwall) (available in 3D Canvas).
 Reassign to faults (available in 3D Canvas and BaseMap).
 Delete (available in 3D Canvas and BaseMap).
• Display fault-horizon contacts

 When created, the fault horizon contacts are displayed automatically in 3D Canvas, Section, and BaseMap.
When you open horizon picks, the contacts are opened automatically with the picks they belong to. The
symbol and colors of the contacts can be set according to their Role (High/Low/Center) or their Type
(Hangingwall/Footwall). In BaseMap and Section, when you place the cursor on a fault-horizon contact, a
hint appears that includes the fault name, horizon name, contact type, role, and source (manual or
calculated).
The fault-horizon contacts preferences for 3D Canvas and BaseMap include a Synchronize visibility of
Fault-Horizon contacts and parent horizon option that couples the display of fault-horizon contacts with
the parent horizon, such that if you hide the display of the parent horizon, the derivative fault-horizon contacts
are also hidden. Default is off (Preferences > Global Settings > Data Display).
 The Restrict Faults mode in BaseMap allows you to display the intersection points between horizon picks
and fault picks in BaseMap without explicitly drawing or calculating fault-horizon contacts. By pressing the
[R] shortcut key, or the Restrict Fault button in BaseMap, intersection points are calculated and displayed
between all visible fault picks and all visible horizon picks. These intersection points are for display purposes
only, but can be used to provide a visual QC of interpretations as they are made, and facilitate the manual,
unguided, picking of fault outlines. In this restrict faults mode, the fault-horizon intersections are calculated
and displayed in BaseMap on the fly and are updated automatically while picking or editing the horizon picks
in 3D Canvas.
• Create fault outlines from fault-horizon contacts in BaseMap

It is possible to "stream" the drawing of fault outlines in 3D Canvas while only displaying, and picking on fault-
horizon contacts. In BaseMap, you can choose to "snap to" contacts when picking fault outlines, or use the
Create Fault Outlines option to create outlines directly from the fault-horizon.
A fault-horizon contact alway has an associated horizon surface, even if that horizon surface is empty, i.e., without
any interpretation. A fault-horizon contact is also always associated with a fault surface, in order to facilitate
correlation of faults, and management of the contact objects. In the case of manually picked contacts, the default
fault surface will be "Undefined". You can select to reassign contacts graphically later in the workflow. In the case of

batch calculated contacts, the associated fault surface will be that of the fault pick from which the contact was
calculated.
A fault-horizon contact has a Role (High/Low/Center), and a Type (Hangingwall/Footwall/Undetermined. By

default, when you manually draw fault-horizon contacts the role of a fault-horizon contact is not yet defined as High
or Low, and is created as Center. The newly drawn contact point is displayed with a symbol defined according to its
Role, which is by default a circle colored blue. You can set the role while picking or change it later. The type of a
fault-horizon contact is initially not defined as Hangingwall or Footwall, and is created as type Undetermined. You
can change the type later to Hangingwall or Footwall. You can change to display the symbol by Type.
Interprocess Communication (IPC) enables the simultaneous viewing and sending of data between 3D Canvas,
BaseMap and Section, such that if enabled, when creating or calculating new fault-horizon contacts, reassigning,
deleting, or changing a role/type of fault-horizon contacts in one application, the other applications are updated if
the same horizon picks are open.
All fault-horizon contacts are listed in the Interpretation Data Manager.
Fig. 6: Fault-Horizon Contact display in 3D Canvas
Unassigned Fault Picking
Paradigm 15 introduces the concept of "Unassigned Faults". Picking an Unassigned Fault is useful when there is
no correlation between the fault picks and, therefore, the fault name or assignment is not important at that moment.
You can quickly pick many unassigned fault sticks and later reassign them to specific faults. In contrast to this,

picking an Assigned fault is based on the assumption that you know the name of the fault and that the fault sticks
are correlated.
The Create New Fault dialog box now includes an Unassigned Fault toggle which when toggled on appends the
prefix Unassigned_ to the new fault surface to define it as unassigned. Once you created an unassigned fault you
can start picking it and the picks will belong to this unassigned fault. It is possible to create multiple Unassigned
Fault surfaces (each with a different suffix), thereby enabling you to differentiate between different types of
unassigned fault, e.g Eastward dipping vs Westward dipping, or reverse vs normal.
You can reassign unassigned fault picks to a named fault using the Reassign Fault Picks & Horizon Polylines to
Horizon/Fault wizard. You can toggle on the Enable only Unassigned Fault Picks selection option to limit the
selection to unassigned faults only. This prevents you from mistakenly selecting other fault picks.
Features that assume correlation between the picks are disabled when working with unassigned picks. For
example, there is no automatic join between picks that are close to each other, there is no projection of fault picks
between lines, and you cannot apply FaultTrak, or create a T-Surface/offset T-Surface, unless you reassign the
picks to a named fault.
Global Velocity Model Building
A new Global Velocity Model-Based Time/Depth Conversion utility that can be launched from 3D Canvas,
BaseMap, and the Interpretation Data Manager is now available. This utility significantly simplifies and/or replaces
a number of steps in velocity modeling workflows, not least by removing requirements to create Formation Tables
for simple structurally constrained workflows.
The utility provides a simple, one-window interface for creating global velocity models which define the velocity in
each point of the project, in 3D space. The new utility provides an easy, flexible, and robust way to define a global
velocity model and QC it on the fly using a preview option in 3D Canvas. After saving the global velocity model you
can use it for scaling seismic data, domain conversion of well data or as a time-depth function in the Synthetics
Utility.

A global velocity model need not be a physical volume on the disk, but is usually defined as a set of references to
horizon grids and a velocity source for each layer in the subsurface. It is therefore 'data light' and easy to store and
modify.
In this utility you can also build velocity volumes on disk or perform model-based scaling from time to depth and
from depth to time for model horizons or for various interpretation data: horizons, faults, picks, T-Sets and T-
Surfaces. Global velocity models can also be used for domain translation of well data in the absence of checkshot
or time-depth information for individual wells.
Structurally constrained global velocity models in the time, time migrated, or depth domains can be created from
pre-calibrated velocity sources constrained by graphically selected interpretations, with structural juxtaposition
criteria defined by the user. The horizon grids that define the structure can be interpretation or 3D model grids. You
can also create structurally unconstrained models utilizing one velocity data source.
You can create and save several velocity models to a project, and for each model, should you wish, you can
update the Formation Table and build a 3D model when you save.

Fig. 7: Global Velocity Model-Based Time/Depth Conversion utility

Fig. 8: Dominance Table
Fig. 9: Preview of the global velocity model in 3D Canvas
Time Preserving Tomography (Model Simulations)
See “3D Model Based Tomography” on page 90.

Culture Data
• Support for point data in culture Shapefiles - Point data in culture Shapefiles is now supported. The points
are displayed in BaseMap and 3D Canvas. Additional parameters have been added to the properties in order
to support customization of the points (size, symbol, color). Point data is supported only for registered
Shapefiles (Data > Register Culture) and not for Shapefiles that are imported.
Miscellaneous
• The following new color palettes have been added to the predefined color palettes:
 8 circular greyscale color palettes, suitable for displaying azimuthal data - simulating different light
orientations.
 Azimuthal_From_North color palette is now used as the default for all azimuth-related data - volumes and
maps.
 BedForm color palette suitable for use with Standard Amplitude or Cosine of Instantaneous Phase attributes.
 Orange_Brown_Blue color palette - the 'flipped' version of Blue_Brown_Orange.
 RedYellowWhiteBlueGreen color palette - a version of 'Start Up' but with colours for both polarities.
 Gamma color palette - a colour palette for use with Gamma Ray logs.
• All predefined color palettes are now 256 colors. Previously, some only comprised of 56 colors.
2D Canvas
• You can now select horizons from the Display Elements Manager to constrain crossplots.
• You can now display trace header information in all panels at once by selecting the new Apply to all panels
check box in the Display Trace Header dialog box.
• Enhancements were made to the AVO Plot window. See “AVO Plot Window Display Improvements” on
page 45.
3D Canvas
Seismic Visualization
• Lock/Unlock Block Geometry mode - A new Lock/Unlock Block Geometry option is available in the Block
Properties > Geometry tab and the Active Block/3D Traverse toolbar for block manipulation. This is available
when the block is being displayed as a box or in volume rendering mode.
When Lock Block Geometry is active, the 'thickness' of the block is preserved when the block is being moved
using the manipulator tool, slider bar, mouse wheel or hotkeys, i.e., both 'front' and 'back' faces of the block
move together.
This enables users to define thick slabs of optically stacked data in volume rendering mode and scan through
volumes to identify, for instance, fault alignments, flat spots and/or stratigraphic features. It will be particularly
useful for visualizing flattened volumes.
The following enhancements were made:
 In locked mode, the Group buttons in the Block Properties > Geometry tab are insensitive.

 Once locked, all manipulation operations (Active Block/3D Traverse toolbar and Block Properties >
Geometry tab sliders, mouse wheel, arrow keys, key pad, manipulator) move the whole block. If unlocked,
only a single face moves.
 While in Lock Block Geometry mode it is still possible to use the manipulator handles to interactively modify
the dimensions/thickness of the block.
Fig. 10: Lock Block Geometry mode

• Active Direction button influences - The Active Direction button influences the Active Block/3D Traverse
toolbar, the arrow keys, the mouse wheel, and the [1-6] shortcut keys. The Active Direction button on the
Active Block/3D Traverse toolbar appears also in the Geometry tab of the Block Properties dialog box, such
that the Active Direction can now be changed per block. The behavior of the arrow keys, mouse wheel, slider
and the numeric shortcut keys ([1], [3], [4], [6]) is now consistent in that they all move only a single visible face
of the block and not the full block. This facilitates scanning of a volume even when in box, inline/crossline or
cross mode. To move the entire block using these methods, for instance when optically stacking a flattened
volume, a new Lock/Unlock Block Geometry button is available when displaying a block in Box or Volume
Rendering display mode.
• Support annotation on both sides of a seismic object - A new Show Annotation on Both Sides toggle
has been added to the Annotation tab of the Block/3D Traverse Properties dialog box.
• New linear RGB color palettes for the RGB merge mode (seismic data) - Three of the newly-added color
palettes are made available to users through the RGB merging options in BaseMap, Section and 3D Canvas.
The Linear_ Red, Linear_Green, and Linear_Blue color palettes, when combined, produce a blended image
with more contrast than the Red, Green and Blue color palettes which are still available for use in the
applications, according to users' needs and preferences.
• Enhanced performance of seismic data extraction on grids/picks - The speed of extraction and display of
attributes from seismic volumes, particularly those resident in shared memory has been significantly improved,
enabling a much more interactive approach to stratal slicing, for instance through interactive shifting of horizon
picks mapped with seismic using the "Extract from Volume" method.
• New Min / Max window limits in 3D Propagator - In previous versions, the Propagator min/max window size
in 3D Canvas was based on a multiple of the input volume's vertical sample size which could make
parameterization difficult on volumes with high sample rates, e.g., site survey volumes. In Paradigm 15, we
have removed this limitation, so that data with any vertical sample rate can be used for propagation. The upper
limit for window size is now +- 150 ms in the time and time migrated domains, and +- 150 m or +-500 ft in the
depth domain, regardless of the nature of the input volume.
Well Data
• Cumulative production display (geological mapping) - In 3D Canvas, you can display cumulative
production data for the wells in your project as pie charts. Multiple pie charts can be displayed for each set/
zone. You can select the location of the pie chart in the display (well top/bottom/center, or next to a zone or a
marker).
Each slice of the pie chart represents a constant written in a PROD_WELL set of the well. You can select which
production constants will be displayed, and the color of each constant. The name and value of each constant is
displayed as a label, either at a selected location (e.g., top, center, or bottom of the well), or automatically at an
optimal location. You can color the labels by a single user-defined color, or according to the pie constant colors
that you selected.
The well set names and the constants can be viewed in the Cumulative Production tab of the Well Properties
dialog box for the selected well. You set the display properties for the cumulative production data in this tab. The
values can be also be viewed in the Cumulative Production tab of the Well Data Manager.
Fig. 11 shows a well with two zone locations: WELL (colored white) and Zone1 (colored blue). The pie charts
are displayed next to the respective zone (on the right side, in the middle of the zone). The GAS_CUM constant
(label and pie slice) is shown in red, OIL_CUM constant is shown in green, and WAT_CUM constant is shown
in blue. The size of each pie chart is proportional to the total production values of all the displayed sets, such
that the most productive set has a larger pie chart.

Fig. 11: Displaying Cumulative Production data in 3D Canvas
• Support smoothed interpolation method for curve/disk logs that are displayed as blocked ribbon -
When you select a numeric log and the display style is set to Blocked Ribbon, you can select to interpolate
between the sampled values using the new Linear interpolation method. In this interpolation method, the
colors between any two consecutive log points will be smoothed in a linear way showing the full ribbon
between these points.
• Display only the intersection points when restricting wells - Well intersections with time/depth slices can
be displayed in Restrict mode with a symbol. You select which symbol to use, and the symbol size and color in
the Well Properties > Wellbore tab. In this tab you toggle on the Intersection Points and then use Restrict
mode to limit the display to show only wells that intersect the displayed seismic and lie within the Horizontal
Distance or Vertical Distance defined in Preferences > Global Settings > Data Display > Wells > Restrict
Mode.

Fig. 12: Displaying well intersections with the trajectory displayed
Shortcuts and Info Area Improvements
• Shortcut key enhancements - The [i] shortcut key which was previously used to show/hide 2D intersections
is now used to switch between the seismic interpolation modes for the Block/3D Traverse or 2D Section under
your cursor.
You can now activate the block/3D Traverse under the cursor using the [a] shortcut key. This is the same
shortcut key used to activate horizon and fault picks from the display area.
• New entry for Info Area in Display Elements - In order to make it more accessible, the option to toggle the
3D Canvas Info Area on and off has been moved to the Display Elements Manager. This also "frees up" the [i]
shortcut key for another purpose (it is now used to cycle between the interpolation modes used for seismic
display).
• Full scene antialiasing label removed from Info Area- The Full scene Antialiasing line was removed from
the Info Area.
Preferences Enhancements
• Orientation - The Orientation branch in the Preferences dialog box was moved from Data Display to UI/
Display.

Prestack Data in 3D Canvas
• Accessing mute and velocity parameters from the display area - You can now the access the Mutes and
Velocity Parameters dialog box by right-clicking on a mute function in the display area or in the Display
Elements Manager. In previous versions, you could only access the Mutes and Velocity Parameters dialog box
from the Analysis menu.
• Opening moveouts - For a given range, moveouts can be loaded and displayed only when the gathers in this
range are loaded (although the gathers do not have to be displayed – unchecking a gather in the Display
Elements Manager does not remove the relevant moveouts from the display area). When trying to load
moveouts for a range in which no gathers are loaded, or for a range that includes such a sub-range, the
moveouts will be loaded and displayed automatically after the gathers are loaded in that range/sub-range.
• Opening moveouts from the display area - You can now open moveouts from the display area by right-
clicking on a pencil point and selecting Pencil > Open Moveout. If the pencil is colored by a QC moveout
attribute, the corresponding moveout version will be loaded automatically. If the pencil is colored by any other
attribute, the Select Version dialog box appears and you can select any of the available versions.
• Displaying offsetX and offsetY attributes - The Status Bar can now display the offsetX and offsetY attributes
from the seismic header of Offset-Vector Tile (OVT) gathers. To view these attributes, in Preferences > Global
Settings > UI/Display > Status Bar > Blocks & 3D Traverses, select the offsetX/offsetY from the Available
Attributes area and click the Down arrow.
• Setting search distance for opening active file - When opening the active file when you do not explicitly set
the loading range, you can now set the Search Distance when out of Active File Range in Customize >
Preferences > Global Settings > Prestack Data to a maximum value of 1000. In previous versions the
maximum value was 100.
• Additional moveout properties - You can now select a line style in the Moveout Properties dialog box for
displaying moveout.
• Some enhancements were made to the AutoPicker. For details, see “AutoPicker and RMO QC Attributes” on
page 91.
• The AutoPicker is now also accessed from the Imaging/Tomography tab in the Paradigm Session Manager.
Pencils
• You can now apply a user-defined range to all displayed pencils (including the current pencil) with the same
attribute type by toggling on User Defined in the Pencils Properties dialog box, setting the range, and then
clicking the Apply All button .
Gather Conditioning
See “Gather Conditioning Utility” on page 93.
AVO Plot Window Display Improvements
• The axes name has been added to the graph in the AVO Plot window.
• You can now use the [f] shortcut key to freeze curves and the [u] shortcut key to unfreeze curves in the AVO
Plot window.

• It is now easier to see AVO curves of a specific gather displayed in another prestack data panel, for example
before and after preconditioning. The AVO plot now works in multi-panel mode. Curves selected in one panel
are now automatically tracked in other panels from the same seed point. With one click, you can compare AVO
curves at the same location in several data sets or in conditioned results.
• In the new multi-panel mode, curves of minimized panels are not displayed.
BaseMap
Fault-Horizon Contacts
See “Working with Fault-Horizon Contacts (structural interpretation)” on page 33 for a general overview of fault-
horizon contacts.
Display
• Opening and displaying vertical functions and mute functions - BaseMap now supports opening and
display of all vertical function and mute types, and sending of all types to the Vertical Functions window.
• Log display - Changes made to the Classification Table in Well Data Manager are now reflected in the log
displayed in BaseMap. Previously, the log had to be reloaded in order to view the changes.
• DDS well display - When displaying DDS wells (engineering wells created in Sysdrill Designer) you can now
view wells intersecting with opened grids. This is done by toggling on Intersections with Opened Grids in the
default properties for DDS Well (Customize > Preferences > Default Properties > DDS Well).
• Scale bar - The default units for the scale bars in 3D Canvas and BaseMap now correspond to the unit display
preferences set by the user, e.g., you will see a scale bar in kilometers if your unit display preferences are set
to metric. Previously, both metric and imperial units were shown by default. It is still possible to display both
imperial and metric scale bars side-by-side via the scale bar Properties tab.
Mapping
• Fracture intensity vector maps - The creation and display of vector maps has been improved. You can now
easily create vector maps by selecting Mapping > Create Anisotropic Vector Maps. This new utility enables
you to create vector maps from any pair of grids in which one map describes the orientation of the vector and
the other describes the strength of the vector. The common use of this option is to create fracture intensity
vector maps from output AVAZ analysis.
In addition, more display properties were added. You can now use display properties to customize the vectors
width, size, color, grid, and more. The default direction of the displacement vectors is Axial Azimuth (slow
direction). You can customize the display using the display properties to show fracture direction. You can color
the vectors by azimuth direction or by intensity. You can also use a histogram and rose diagram to view the
azimuth/intensity distribution and filter the values from the display using the histograms.
• Mathematical operations - Users can now define a polygon set as an areal constraint for the output from
mathematical operations in the BaseMap.
Multi-line Interpretation Scaling
• You can now scale picks for multiple lines using active velocity sections.

Section
Fault-Horizon Contacts
Most additional functionality in the Section window in this release is associated with fault-horizon contacts. Please
see “Shared Features” on page 33.
Unassigned Fault Picking
• You can now pick unassigned faults. See “Unassigned Fault Picking” on page 35.
DDS Objects
• You can now edit drilling data in the Section window, but interactive picking of objects is not yet supported. In
the BaseMap window, picking is now disabled for casings, intervals, and comments.
Vertical Functions
• Coloring by set - In the Vertical Functions window, you can now color a vertical function by Set. This feature
enables you to compare functions of the same type extracted from different volumes or functions of different
sets. This works for velocity and non-velocity functions.
• Mutes and non-velocity functions can now be opened and edited in the Vertical Functions window. Newly
supported function types include:
 Residual Moveout (Time, Time Migrated, Depth domains)
 Relative Residual Velocity - stacking (Time domain)
 Relative Residual Velocity - RMS (Time Migrated, Depth domains)
 Relative Residual Velocity - Interval (Time Migrated, Depth domains)
 Anisotropy - Eta Effective (Time, Time Migrated, Depth domains)
 Residual Anisotropy - Epsilon (Time Migrated, Depth domains)
 Residual Anisotropy - Delta (Time Migrated, Depth domains)
• Showing/hiding selected functions - You can now show/hide selected functions by selecting one or more
functions in View > VF & Intersections Display Control > Vertical Functions tab, by selecting one or more
functions, right-clicking, and selecting Show Selected Functions or Hide Selected Functions.
• Adding/deleting rows in Vertical Function Values Table - You can now add/remove rows in the Vertical
Function Values Table by selecting Edit > Vertical Function Values, and right-clicking on a row and selecting
Add Row or Delete Row.
• Editing improvement - You can now edit the time and depth (y-axis) values with the Draw tool. Previously,
you could only edit the velocity (x-axis) values associated with an existing point in time or depth, not the
position of that point along the time/depth axis.
• Prompt to save vertical functions before creating velocity section/volume - A message is now displayed
when you select Options > Create Velocity Section/Volume and transformed data is being displayed that
has not been saved to the database. The message will prompt you to save the displayed vertical functions with
the following message: "Create velocity section does not perform on the fly transformations and works only

with vertical functions from the database. Do you want to save displayed transformed vertical functions?" If Yes
is selected, then the Save Vertical Functions dialog box appears. After you save the displayed functions, the
Velocity Section or the Create Velocity Volume dialog box is displayed.
• Calculate Gradient usability improvements - The following improvements have been implemented in the
Set Gradient Parameters dialog box.
 Average Gradient and V0 will be always calculated.
 In the Save Gradient dialog box, you have the option to save as an average or as grid/control points. Each
gradient layer is independent, so you have to select a horizon from the Select Horizon table to save the
gradient.
• If the Bottom of the gradient layer is a formation, the Save dialog box will have the formation selected by
default.
• The Top and Bottom options include: Grid, Picks, Single Marker, Markers (only available if at least one log is
displayed), Constant, where picks are 2D and 3D, and marker is a single marker.
Well Log Window
• Enhanced performance - Infrastructure has been improved to enhance performance of the Well Log window
for this release.
• Activating logs - You can now activate logs and save the active log using the context menu Activate Log and
Activate Log and Save options in the Log Selection dialog box.
• Log transformations - An option was added to the log filtering tool accessed by selecting Options >
Interactive Transformations > Filter Log. You can now filter the depth referenced logs in time by using the
active checkshot. The conversion from depth to time is done on the fly, when the Implicit Conversion from
Depth to Time option is toggled on. The result is scaled back to depth.
• Band-pass filter - The possibility to apply a Band Pass filter has been added to the Filter Log utility. Users will
now specify a frequency range (min/max frequency), instead of one max frequency cut value, as it was in the
previous release.
• Template Manager - Standard templates were updated and improved to include the new options available in
the Log Display Properties dialog box. New templates were added as well, for example a new template for
colored inversion is used by default with the new Colored Inversion utility. See “Colored Inversion” on page 97
for information on this utility. Another new template is "ADDITIONAL TRACKS". It contains some example
tracks which users can copy and paste to their own template. Note that templates in user or project levels are
not changed.
• The Filter Log dialog box now provides the possibility to remove linear trend prior to the filtering operation. The
linear trend is put back into the output result, after filtering. You remove linear trend by selecting Options >
Interactive Transformations > Filter Log > Remove Linear Trend Before Filtering.
Display
• Magnify tool - The Magnify tool now has three modes. As a Magnify tool it magnifies the horizontal
and vertical display in all panels. As a Vertical Magnify tool it magnifies the vertical display in all panels. The

new Vertical & Horizontal (Active) display mode enables you to magnify the display vertically in all panels, and
horizontally only for the active panel.
• Curve properties - The Curve Properties dialog box (right-click on a log and select Log > Log Display
properties) has several new options that enhance the display of the logs:
 When you change the palette in the Section window, if the palette is set to the new From Log option in the
Curve Properties dialog box, the fill of the seismic segment will display in that color. If it is set to From
Template, the log will display in the color assigned in the template.
 A track in the Well Log window can display up to 99 traces when the space tracing is 1. You can now specify
the number of traces displayed in the track using the Mode option. Use the new Fixed Offset option to
specify the number of traces in a track or use the Display All to display all traces of the log in a track.
 You can now specify the space between traces in the display by using the Trace Spacing option.
 You can now set the amplitude of the trace in the display using the Amplifier option.
 When the Display Style is set to Mirror Image, you now set the display of the baseline to display in a different
color. A new Show Baseline option has been added along with a Color Selector button for the user to select
in which color the baseline should appear.
• Track properties - You now change the background color of a track in the Well Log window using the new
Color option in the Track Properties dialog box.There is also a new Reset to Default Color button that
restores the original color.
• Switching domains - The Well Log window now preserves the view when switching from one domain to
another. The min and max z value displayed will be converted from one domain to the other, using conversion
laws (active time depth law for example when switching from Depth to Time). The consequence is that the
portion of logs visible in the window will be kept without having to click on the Fit to View button.
• Working with templates - When creating a new template you can now specify the number of empty tracks
you want in the template.
Creating and Editing Markers
• You can now create markers and save them in Epos directly in the Well Log window using the new Create/Edit
Marker button or the new File > Create/Edit Marker option.

When creating new well markers you can now manually enter the reference number or graphically select it in
the display using the new Create/Edit Marker button or the File > Create/Edit Marker option. When selected,
this option enables you to place the cursor directly in the track at the desired location. You can name the marker,
select its display color, set its reference value and specify other parameters such as set name and log name. In
addition you can create a new marker set with any Reference Domain with no need to convert, or you can add
new markers to an existing well set. In this case they will use the existing reference domain
• Markers can now be moved in the Well Log window using the new Create/Edit Marker button or the File
> Create/Edit Marker option.You can now quickly edit the marker reference value by clicking on the marker in
the Well Log window display (or by right-clicking in the Display Elements on the marker and selecting Edit) and
setting the desired reference value in the Edit Marker dialog box. If you right-click and select Save As you can
create a new marker with the same or different reference value and name.

• Markers can now be created in the Well Log window using horizon grids. Markers are extracted at the
intersection of the grid and well path. You save the grid as a marker by right-clicking on the grid in the Well Log
window display or in the Display Elements and selecting Save As Marker.
Well to Seismic Calibration (Synthetics Utility)
• The velocity source can now be selected from a global velocity model, meaning that any global model of any
type (volume, map based, etc.) can be used directly from the Synthetics Utility for Well Time-Depth, when for
example checkshots are not available. In the Input/Output tab, under Input > Well Time-Depth there is a new
option to select the Global Velocity Model associated with the project in which you are working.
• It is now possible to edit the TIME_SHIFT constant in the Input/Output tab. The value entered in the new
Input > Well Time-Depth > Apply Bulk Shift field will be set as a constant of the calibrated TIMEDEPTH set.
• Poisson Ratio is now a direct output of the Synthetics Utility. Logs can be saved by toggling on Poisson’s
Ratio in the Parameters tab under Output Data Types.
Automatic Fault Extraction (AFE) (Add-On)
• The new Recover Faults option in the Utilities tab enables you to recover faults created when a Link Vectors
job stops prematurely. When a Link Vectors job stops prematurely, any faults that have been created are stored
in the Faults/.raw_converted directory. You can export these faults to VoxelGeo or Epos, but they will not
be named according to their size. The Recover Faults option reads faults in the Faults/.raw_converted
directory, renames them according to their relative size, then outputs the renamed faults to the directory
specified for output.
• Options in the Workflow tab have been rearranged to make optional QC output file selection easier.
Seismic Attributes (Add-on)
• All Trace Processing attributes are now available for on the fly computation when Seismic Attributes is
launched from 3D Canvas.
• The ability to perform Colored Inversion has been added to Seismic Attributes under a new Attribute type
called Impedance Attributes. Colored Inversion allows a user to create a simple impedance estimation based
on matching well and seismic frequency characteristics. See “Colored Inversion” on page 97 for more
information.
• Additional Curvature Attributes have been added: Most Positive Curvature, Most Negative Curvature,
Minimum Curvature, Mean Curvature, Gaussian Curvature, Shape Index, and Curvedness have been added
to the existing Major and Minor Principal Curvatures (k1 and k2, respectively), Maximum Curvature, and Dip
Curvature.
• You can now run Dip Steered Enhancement on 2D data in the internal dip computation mode.
• The toggle for the 2D/3D button has been removed from the user interface. You can select any attribute type
for 2D processing, but you will receive an error when you launch the calculation if the attribute is not available
for 2D processing. Structural Attributes and Curvature Attributes are not available for 2D processing.
• You can now execute a single complex trace attribute within any Trace Processing work flow. For example, you
can now filter a dataset then run signal envelope in a single step instead of performing each step separately.

• Some attributes require processing in time domain, e.g., bandpass filter for which corner frequencies are
applied in hertz. Depth data will be automatically converted to time domain, filtered, then returned to depth
domain using a constant velocity which the user can supply.
• The attribute portion of the name for the Dip Steered Enhanced volume has been changed from Smoothed to
DSE.
Sysdrill Designer (Add-on)
See “Sysdrill Designer” on page 101.
Shared Applications
See also enhancements in the following:
• “Epos Data Management” on page 4
Fixed Problems
2D Canvas
• You can now open angle stacks as gathers and use them in gather conditioning in the same manner as
prestack data. Major fixes have been made to AVO inversion, stacking, and crossplotting to enable the use of
angle stacks in gather conditioning.
• Picking of maximum and minimum mutes is now disabled in panels that display the results of gather
conditioning operations when the results differ in the Z axis or gather axis (depth vs. time migrated, offset vs.
angle).
• In the Open Prestack Data and Open Poststack Data dialog boxes, the Survey list is now disabled when
geometry is synchronized for all panels . Also, the Survey list is now enabled when all panels are empty.
• When selecting 2D/3D prestack data, you can now easily define the inline and crossline range to be displayed.
3D Canvas
Building Solid Models
• Error messages that appeared during solid model creation were eliminated, so the solid model can be built.
Data Display
• When 3D Canvas is opened in Single Survey mode, 3D picks in Restrict mode are no longer displayed dotted.
• The vertical annotation of a block no longer disappears when the block is placed near the survey bounding
box.
• The annotation box in time domain no longer shows depth values after being resized.

• The problem is fixed of no cursor readout in some areas in Perspective View mode on 2D sections (in the case
of a big project and a small 2D survey).
• The display quality of draped culture over the grid when a survey is very small in size relative to a project is no
longer poor.
Flattening
• After flattening, if creating a new block in Flattened View, 3D Canvas no longer crashes.
Interpretation
• When creating a new horizon and giving it a new class name, this class name is now available when creating a
new fault (and vice versa).
• The horizon list in the Propagator dialog box now updates and does not show a horizon that was deleted while
the dialog box is open.
• FaultTrak now keeps the output fault selection when it is rerun after adding input fault picks.
• When using the Clean Area Around Fault Interactively option and then using the Threshold option in the
picks properties, applying the threshold to picks data now works.
• T-Surfaces created from polylines in Auto Detect mode are no longer created with choppy or concaved edges.
Scaling
• When scaling picks of several faults (or horizons) together and giving them a new class name, the scaled picks
are now saved correctly.
Sessions
• When loading a saved session with empty blocks, the block mode is now restored.
• The visibility (on/off) of traverses is now saved in the session.
• 3D traverses of another Epos User now open with the correct visibility and do not appear empty when opened
from a session.
• The general picking parameters (Track Mode, Stop at Fault. etc.) are now saved in the session.
• 3D Canvas now opens from a session if the session contains data from a survey which is no longer attached to
the project.
• Prestack data toggled off in the Display Elements Manager and saved to a session is no longer restored as
visible.
Spectrum Analysis
• Clicking the Delete button in the Spectrum Analysis dialog box no longer causes 3D Canvas to crash.

Wells
• When the same marker name exists in several sets and those markers are selected to be displayed, the
markers no longer become unselected after reloading wells.
• Deleting a well in Well Data Manager opened from 3D Canvas no longer causes communication problems
between Well Data Manager and 3D Canvas.
BaseMap
• When a large amount of interpretation data is loaded into BaseMap, there is no longer a cursor lag between 3D
Canvas (or Section) and BaseMap.
• When creating contours fails because of the shape of a map boundary or fault outlines, a message now
appears suggesting to decimate the boundary or outline.
• If the same horizon picks and fault outlines are loaded in two separate panels, and gridding is performed in one
panel, BaseMap no longer crashes.
• Opening any dialog box by right-clicking on the drawing area while the Select Object popup menu is open, no
longer locks the mouse.
• In 2D Propagator, when a confirmation message appears asking if you want to continue when some of the
seed points are placed on non-selected lines, the Yes/No buttons now work as expected.
Picking, Editing, and Extracting
• When touching the edge of a fault pick while picking an outline, BaseMap no longer crashes.
• Editing user defined culture using the Draw tool and switching to the Line Selection tool no longer causes
BaseMap to crash.
• Pasting to survey boundary now overwrites the existing boundary.
• Planimeter polygons now stay closed after editing.
• Pasting an object to be a survey or project boundary now overwrites the existing boundary.
• When editing a fault outline with the Draw tool and changing to the Line Selection tool, BaseMap no longer
occasionally crashes.
• Setting an inline and crossline step in the Create Horizon Picks from Grid dialog box now produces continuous
picks along the specified inlines and crosslines.
Wells
• The well database is no longer scanned for markers when Display Markers is toggled Off in the Markers
Properties tab.
• The Crossplot utility now lists all active wells that have a specific log type.
• Opening drilling data (created in Well Designer) in more than one panel no longer causes BaseMap to crash.

• In the Select Wells by Criteria dialog box, when writing an expression with log type in parenthesis, the word
END is no longer added automatically before the log type.
Data Display
• In a large regional project, displaying a small (survey-based) amplitude grid zooming out no longer causes the
grid to look pixelated.
• When displaying culture is several BaseMap panels, closing a panel, editing the culture and saving the edits no
longer causes BaseMap to crash.
Display Properties
• The symbol color of intersections with opened grids now displays correctly when defined by the user.
• The settings in the X-Y Grid Properties dialog box are now applied correctly to the X or Y Axis for which they
were set.
Plotting
• The color scale in the Plot Preview window now shows the same range as the BaseMap display.
• The settings made to the printer and paper size are now saved automatically for the next session.
BaseMap Displays
• A Rebuild Saved Displays option for rebuilding the catalog of BaseMap displays was added to the Open
Display dialog box (File > Displays > Open). This option rebuilds the list of saved displays and should be used
if a display is missing from the list.
• The displays list no longer gets corrupted when the Open Display and Save Display dialog boxes are opened
together. These dialog boxes now replace each other.
• Displays that are saved in 2011.2 and which included log properties now open after upgrading to 2011.3p3.
• Opening a display that contains T-set data that no longer exists, no longer causes the application to crash.
Sessions
• A crash that occurred in a specific case where BaseMap was opened together with 3D Canvas from a session
was fixed.
• When opening a session saved in 2011.2, the Contours labels now open correctly.
Scaling
• Scaling 2D picks from time to depth using a solid model as the velocity source no longer causes BaseMap to
crash.
Line Selection
• Pressing the scroll controls now has an effect in BaseMap only when the VCR tool is sensitive.

• General line selection in a 3D survey is now recognized as a 3D Traverse by the VCR tool.
Section
• When the displayed seismic volume is outside the defined range of the Animation & Tab Settings dialog box,
clicking the Tab Forward/Tab Back buttons now take you to the nearest Start/End tab location. In previous
releases when a user clicked the tabs, the limits were ignored.
• Using the scroll controls to manipulate the VCR while Autoload wells on line change is on, no longer causes
Section window to crash.
• You can now enter more than 5 digits into the Trace Scale field (defined when Real Trace Spacing is toggled
on) in the Section Properties > Section Parameters tab.
• The Start Inline value set in the Animation & Tab Settings dialog box is now honored.
Crossplot
• When using a viewing convention that is not the default, Crossplot now marks the correct parts of the seismic.
Interpretation
• Vertical picks can now be drawn for faults and multi-value horizons when Snap mode is off.
Wells
• The color of the text background for a marker name can now be changed.
• After changing marker properties, toggling on more markers no longer causes the properties to revert back to
default.
Plotting
• Sending the plot directly to a plotter from the Plot Preview window now works. Previously, it failed with the
error: “CGM file PG_USER_TMPDIR cannot be created”.
• Ticks along axes are now plotted.
• Flipped sections are now plotted correctly.
Geostatistical Mapping
• You can now re-define the display geometry of the primary data.
• Scroll bars were added to the Open Data dialog boxes that can be used if part of the dialog box is hidden.
• When re-opening the Uncertainty Analysis window, it no longer comes up blank.
• Saving a probability model with non-default step of inline/crossline grid geometry now produces a valid grid.
• The irrelevant error message "The data you want to load is outside data type range" no longer appears when
loading primary data of the type seismic amplitudes.

Licensing
• Basic Synthetics license is now included in GeoDepth configurations.
Vertical Functions Window
• Velocity calculation from checkshots now uses the reference for time and depth from the well.
• After deleting capture points, the panels are no longer zoomed out.
• When opening model grids, the Vertical Functions window no longer crashes.
Volumetric Calculations
• Gross Rock Volume is now correctly calculated for gas volumes.
Well Log Window
• Creating new well markers now enables setting the management style of the new marker to Epos, OpenWorks
or GeoFrame. This enables you to create well markers that will automatically be stored in the selected third
party repository, ensuring that the management style of the marker is compatible with the target repository.
• Basic track properties - Track width, margins, etc. are now easily saved in templates. Panel properties are
also saved in Preferences, so the user will find the same properties displayed when closing and reopening the
application, even if the template was not saved.
Well to Seismic Calibration (Synthetics Utility)
• When creating synthetic gathers, the application no longer crashes.
• Synthetics are now saved when you select File > Save Display in the Section window.
• The units of velocity values are now according to the display units set in the Paradigm Session Manager
(Customize > Display Units).
StratEarth

Foundation
• The Variogram Analyzer is completely redesigned to improve the user experience for both beginning and
advanced users. For more information, see “Variogram Analyzer” on page 65.
• You can now include a macro inside another macro. The included macro will operate like a regular command
on which you can tag parameters.

Fig. 13: Macro to compute distance to wells, using a built-in macro to compute distance to curves
• You can now access the various statistics computed by using the Compute Property Statistics command.
After using a variable to store the multiple statistics computed (myvar for example), you can use functions like
myvar.minimum or myvar.P10 to access respectively the minimum and the tenth percentile. Previously, only
the full array was available and you had to use array indexes to extract the relevant statistic.
• You can now create and manipulate resource tables inside a macro by using JavaScript API functions. For
example, you can read columns and rows from the table or save computed results in a spreadsheet format.
• You can now access object information available in the object’s SQL tables inside a macro by using JavaScript
API functions.
• Running a macro by using a table to define the values of the macro parameters works now in a single-scenario
mode. Previously, this command worked only in a multiple-run uncertainty mode.
• More built-in macros are available in this version, for example:

 ClassifyWells: Creates well lists from horizontal, vertical, and deviated wells.
 RescaleProperty: Rescales object properties between minimum and maximum values.
 CreateIndexPRopertiesOnGrid: Creates explicit properties for I, J, and K on grids.
• You can now shift the depth of a log by using Well commands > Property - Edit > Depth Shift Logs.
• You can now select a variogram resource object in the geostatistics commands available on the menu bar.
Previously, variograms could be selected only as files.
• When resting the pointer over an object in the 3D viewer, you can now press Z on the keyboard to hide the
object. You can do this operation on multiple objects in a sequence. You can press SHIFT+Z to show the
hidden objects again in reverse sequence.
• The neigh () function that uses the neighbor cell values in a property script is now available for objects of type
2D-Grid.
Data Importing and Exporting
You can now import IHS 298 production data files by using File > Import > Well Data > IHS 298 Production File.
Both fixed-length (.98f) and comma delimited (.98c) formats are supported.
Sharing Data with Epos
• Curves can now be saved to Epos as a map boundary.

• Interpretation map boundaries can now be opened from Epos.
Map, Cross Section, and Well Section
• Production data can now be displayed on a map by zone or by well.
• Projected wells in a cross section view can now be limited to display only an interval of the well based on
markers, depths, or log names.
• You can now turn on labels for markers assigned to horizon and fault features in the left and right margins of
well sections.
• Display of marker correlation lines in well sections can now be turned off even after markers are assigned to
features.
• You can now flip the orientation of a cross section 180 degrees by using Horizontal Flip on the Cross
Section toolbar.
• You can now display track labels vertically.
• You can now export a file with log values at markers.
Fixed Problems
Foundation
• Tagging of file selectors in commands is improved through the use of a unique variable type FileName and the
management of the multiselection flag.
• You can now undo changes to the style of objects. Because of this improvement, many undo operations will be
available that were previously erased as soon as a style change occurred.
• You can now create a color map from a facies classification.
• You can now search for wells inside a polygon in the 3D Viewer.
• Seismic data sent from 3D Canvas is now received.
• Active reporting unit templates are now consistent for upgraded projects.
• Markers with special characters in Epos that are modified in StratEarth now save back to Epos without
underscores replacing the special characters.
• When you load an object or open a project with an object that is farther than 500 km from the coordinate
system origin, you are presented with a warning message. The severity of this message has been downgraded
from a critical error to a warning. Receiving this message does not mean that the project is corrupted or
prevent you from loading the object. Because the object is far from the project origin, operations performed

with this object, especially those involving the object geometry such as displaying it, may lead to issues with
numerical imprecision and poor results.
• Ghosting (copying) of raster logs now more closely resembles the original raster image.
• While a view is flattened, moving markers by right-clicking a marker and selecting Flatten at Horizon Marker
now updates the flattening as expected.
• A user-controlled filter is now available for reducing overlapping annotations in annotation tracks.
• Ghosted (copied) logs now always have correctly located resize handles.
• Logs filled with discrete log fill are no longer black in CGM output when one of the wells does not have the
chosen discrete log.
• In cases where scale track labels are inverted in cross sections, you can now flip the labels.
Well Correlation and Stratigraphic Analysis
• In well sections, distance between wells is accurately updated now in both cases of removing a well and hiding
a well.
• In view settings for a well section, you can now select specific two-way time (TWT) curves.
VoxelGeo

Data Exchange with Petrel
You can now easily transfer interpretation data between VoxelGeo and Petrel for fast synchronization of VoxelGeo
and Petrel projects. Data exchange is done through RESQML dataset transfer using the Epos Connector Plug-In
for Petrel software. This plug-in is installed on Petrel and also enables transfer of Epos, Stratimagic, and
SKUA-GOCAD data.
You can exchange data with Petrel when VoxelGeo is running stand-alone or in an Epos environment. Running
VoxelGeo stand-alone in conjunction with Petrel enables you to directly utilize VoxelGeo’s superior volume
visualization and interpretation capabilities on data from Petrel without the Epos database.
Exchanging data with Petrel via RESQML is a licensed feature in VoxelGeo. The license file must include the
VOXELGEO_RESQML_LINK token.
Running VoxelGeo Stand-Alone
You can run VoxelGeo as a stand-alone application outside of an Epos environment. Stand-alone mode does not
require PNS Services or a Paradigm Database. This mode enables workflows that utilize the strength of individual

Paradigm applications in conjunction with non-Paradigm applications. Stand-alone VoxelGeo is optimal for
importing and exporting data through RESQML datasets.
On Windows, you can launch VoxelGeo stand-alone by selecting VoxelGeo Session Manager in the Start menu
or Apps view, or by double-clicking the program shortcut on the Windows Desktop if this option was selected during
installation. VoxelGeo stand-alone uses the same licenses as VoxelGeo embedded in Epos.
Additional Enhancements
• The Export to Stratimagic utility is now available on Windows when you run VoxelGeo as a stand-alone
application. The utility also remains available on Linux. You can access the utility by selecting Export to
Stratimagic in the VoxelGeo Main Menu, or by clicking the Export to Stratimagic Database button in a
View window.
• When you use the -vg_standalone -v command to launch VoxelGeo, the -v argument now also prints the
path to the VoxelGeoLicenseInfo.conf file in standard out. The path information can be helpful during
debugging.
• All predefined color palettes are now 256 colors. Previously, some only comprised 56 colors.
Fixed Problems
Loading Data
• Using the Edit on Load option to clip the value range for a 32-bit floating point volume no longer causes
display corruption when the volume remains 32-bit in memory.
• On Windows platforms, the Open Objects dialog box now opens more quickly when there are large numbers of
.xyz, .ihf, and/or .vgs files in the survey.
• VoxelGeo no longer crashes when you load a microseismic volume in which the Confidence and Measurement
have the same value.
• In the Edit Volume Coordinates dialog box, full V axis label information is now displayed up to the full limit of 15
characters. Previously, the label was truncated.
• In the Edit Volume Coordinates dialog box, you can now view and edit coordinate information when the View is
not open, though it must have been open at least once in the session.
Saving Sessions
• VoxelGeo now displays a warning message when you save an Epos session that includes a VoxelGeo volume
that has not been saved to disk. For example, this can occur when volumes are sent from a block roamed from
disk in 3D Canvas. Sessions with references to unsaved volumes may not load successfully. If this problem
occurs, load the volume to shared memory and relaunch your VoxelGeo session.

View Window
• The Display objects immediately when checked preference is now applied correctly when you open the
Display Elements Manager separately from the views via the Seismic Manager (File > Display Elements).
You can access this preference in the View Settings tab in the Preferences dialog box by selecting General >
Display Elements. VoxelGeo rerenders objects based on the preference setting in each view, so you can
display objects immediately in one view and only after cursor movement in another view.
• In a multiple volume view, the volume used to create a polygonal surface from Paintbrush Picking now defaults
to the volume currently selected for picking. If needed, you can select a different volume before you create the
surface.
• When you change the volume/color association in a volume fusion view, VoxelGeo now updates color bar
ranges to correctly reflect the volume value range.
• Arbitrary planes with a dip of less than 0.5 degrees now remain where they were defined and no longer
become flat when you edit parameters.
Color Palettes
• VoxelGeo no longer crashes when you use the Color Palette editor to import color palettes with more than 256
colors.
Subvolume Detection
• The polygon selected as a spatial limit in a subvolume detection step is now persistently listed in the Detection
Criteria dialog box. Previously, the last polygon added in the session was listed.
• In a subvolume detection step that has been run, you can now change the polygon used as a spatial limit by
selecting another polygon in the Detection Criteria dialog box and clicking OK or Apply. Previously, you had to
clear the Polygon Limit check box, select another polygon, then reselect the check box.
• Indexing volumes in a multi-body detection step no longer results in indexing samples outside of the selected
bodies.
2D/3D Crossplots
• On Windows platforms, VoxelGeo no longer crashes when you calculate a crossplot with three volumes and
the Surface check box selected in the 2D/3D Crossplot dialog box.
• In the 2D/3D Crossplot dialog box, you can no longer select Multiple in the Min Surface and Max Surface
lists. The Multiple option was listed in error when more than one surface was opened in a VoxelGeo session.
VoxelAnimator
• Very low opacity settings are now handled correctly by VoxelAnimator.

Stratimagic

Petrel Connectivity
Note: Available with stand-alone Stratimagic.
• Stand-alone Stratimagic and Petrel can now share data. Data is conveyed using an RESQML epc shuttle file
whose contents respect the RESQML transfer protocol. The workflow implemented enables you to export 3D
seismic volumes and 3D seismic horizon picks from Petrel into Stratimagic, classify the data and then export
the facies maps and volumes back into Petrel.
Petrel projects are multiple domain whereas stand-alone Stratimagic projects are single domain. The data
imported must be in the same domain as the Stratimagic project otherwise it cannot be imported.
The Petrel Import option is located in the File menu.
The Export to Petrel options are located in the Facies data tree menus and are also available in the context
menus on their graphical representations.
Stratimagic uses the Epos Connector plugin to communicate with Petrel.
Stand-alone Stratimagic
• Stand-alone Stratimagic is now available on Windows. The main aim of porting the stand-alone version to
Windows is to implement the Petrel <> Stratimagic data connectivity.
• Project creation has been simplified for the Windows version of stand-alone Stratimagic. The read/write
database is created automatically upon project creation.
• The Database menu is not required for the Windows version, it has been removed from the Windows
Stratimagic Session Manager.
• You can now create projects in US Customary feet.
• The Create from Third Party Project option has been removed from the Linux stand-alone Stratimagic. Third-
party projects are created using the Create option.
• A Delete option has been added into the project management tools. It enables you to physically remove the
project and its read/write database from disk. The read/write database is only removed if it is not referenced by
another project.
New Look and Feel
• A Fit to View (Project Area) option, well-known by experienced Epos users, has been implemented. The
supplementary linked window functionality has now also been added. Double-clicking the Fit To View icon now
applies the Fit To View to all viewers in the active page.
• The [Esc] key usage has been extended. [Esc} now closes the current tool canceling the operation in process.

Strengthened Integration with Epos
• You can now customize the behavior of your mouse wheel to perform different actions which include vertical
scroll, horizontal scroll, zoom in and out and move VCR.
• The behavior of the Epos compliant shortcut keys 1 and 3 in Stratimagic was the opposite to the behavior in
other Epos applications. The 1 shortcut now opens the previous vertical/horizontal slice and the 3 shortcut now
opens the next vertical/horizontal slice.
• Selecting palettes is now carried out directly from the Properties dialog. A scroll wheel opens a pull-down list
containing all your user palettes. You can select a predefined, site or survey/project palette by opening the
Palette Selector dialog box with the Palette button.
Optimized Classification Workflow
• Each time you copy a facies, you can now also copy its interval. The Copy Interval option is located in the
Copy Facies dialog. By default it is toggled off to avoid the number of intervals being multiplied inadvertently.
• You can now edit the interval offset during the facies classification workflow. The edition can be done manually
using the spin boxes or interactively with the vertical adjustment tool on an open seismic gadget viewer
containing a projection of the relevant interval.
Editing the shift parameters resets the training and propagating buttons and enables you to reclassify your
facies. To preserve the coherency of other facies, the interval shift edition is only authorized if the interval is
exclusive to the facies being classified.
Miscellaneous
• Spectral Decomposition cannot be performed in the depth domain. An error message is issued when depth
domain data is detected at the start of the processing.
Fixed Problems
• The domain selection for Seismic Well Calibration (NexModel) has been completely reviewed and
homogenized with Stratimagic. This selection is no longer carried out after launching NexModel. In previous
versions of NexModel, there was a Domain selection menu.

Now, when we start NexModel from the Paradigm Session Manager, a dialog box is displayed and the user
selects the domain as in Stratimagic. The domain selected is saved in the user preferences and retrieved in the
next NexModel session.

Modeling
SKUA-GOCAD

Foundation Modeling
Variogram Analyzer
• The Variogram Analyzer is completely redesigned to improve the user experience for both beginning and
advanced users.
Improvements include:
 Workflow-like user interface to guide you
 Smart preselected settings to compute the experimental variograms
 User interface that adapts to continuous and discrete properties
 Possibility to select external distribution for normal score data transformation
 Variogram map computation
 Automatic variogram fitting, including the automatic fitting of zonal anisotropies
 Recommended sill values extracted from the data
 Reporting of ranges in actual coordinates when performing a UVW transformation
 Possibility to fix any model parameters when modeling the variogram
This improvement affects both the automatic variogram fitting and the interactive variogram plots editing.
 More effective editing of ranges and sill in the plot
 Better management of multiple structure variogram models
• Improvements to variogram display include:

 Legend display on the plot
 Display of key variogram parameters like the histogram of number of pairs, recommended cumulative sill,
and range of all modeled structures.
 Filtering of the experimental variogram points given a minimum number of pairs

Fig. 14: Example of variogram plots

Macro Commands
• You can now include a macro inside another macro. The included macro will operate like a regular command
on which you can tag parameters.
Fig. 15: Macro to compute distance to wells, using a built-in macro to compute distance to curves
• You can now access the various statistics computed by using the Compute Property Statistics command.
After using a variable to store the multiple statistics computed (myvar for example), you can use functions like
myvar.minimum or myvar.P10 to access respectively the minimum and the tenth percentile. Previously, only
the full array was available and you had to use array indexes to extract the relevant statistic.
• You can now create and manipulate resource tables inside a macro by using JavaScript API functions. For
example, you can read columns and rows from the table or save computed results in a spreadsheet format.
• You can now access object information available in the object’s SQL tables inside a macro by using JavaScript
API functions.
• Running a macro by using a table to define the values of the macro parameters works now in a single-scenario
mode. Previously, this command worked only in a multiple-run uncertainty mode.
• More built-in macros are available in this version, for example:

 ClassifyWells: Creates well lists from horizontal, vertical, and deviated wells.
 RescaleProperty: Rescales object properties between minimum and maximum values.
 CreateIndexPRopertiesOnGrid: Creates explicit properties for I, J, and K on grids.
Additional Enhancements
• You can now shift the depth of a log by using Well commands > Property - Edit > Depth Shift Logs.
• You can now manually change the classification of SGrid objects to a geological model, flow model, or basin
model by using SGrid commands > Tools > Set Classification.
• You can now select a variogram resource object in the geostatistics commands available on the menu bar.
Previously, variograms could be selected only as files.
• When resting the pointer over an object in the 3D viewer, you can now press Z on the keyboard to hide the
object. You can do this operation on multiple objects in a sequence. You can press SHIFT+Z to show the
hidden objects again in reverse sequence.
• The neigh () function that uses the neighbor cell values in a property script is now available for objects of type
2D-Grid.

• You can now import IHS 298 production data files by using File > Import > Well Data > IHS 298 Production
File. Both fixed-length (.98f) and comma delimited (.98c) formats are supported.
• You can now import INTERSECT .obsh production history files by using File > Import > Well Data >
INTERSECT OBSH History File.
• You can now export a geologic grid as ECLIPSE 1D format by using File > Export > GeologicGrid >
ECLIPSE ASCII 1D Grid.
• You can now exchange multiple data types simultaneously with Petrel 2014 software through the RESQML
standard file format (.epc). The commands to import and export data are available from the File menu.
 File > Import > Petrel Data Through RESQML
 File > Export > Petrel Data Through RESQML
The Epos Connector Plug-in for Petrel is available and needs to be installed and used in Petrel to import and
export the RESQML files. For information about installing and using the plug-in, see these topics in the
Paradigm 15 Help:
 Installation and Configuration > Installation Guides > Epos Connector Plug-In for Petrel
 Data Management and Import/Export > Exchanging Data Between Epos and Petrel
The documents are also available in the plug-in installation path and from the Paradigm Customer Support
Portal at www.pdgm.com/support (Downloads & Documentation page).
These data types can be exchanged:
SKUA-GOCAD data Petrel data
Well data
Well, including well path, attributes, and constants Well (including well path, header, and
Header imported as Well constants and attributes. attributes)
Well markers Well tops
Well logs, including continuous and discrete logs Well logs
Check shot (Well log) Check shot survey
Well annotations Well annotations
Fault and horizon interpretation data (requires data associated with Fault or Horizon features)
Fault sticks (Curves) Fault interpretation (sticks)
Horizon (2D-Grid or Curves) and associated continuous and Horizon interpretation, multi-z
discrete properties interpretation (curve)

SKUA-GOCAD data Petrel data
Triangulated surface (Surface) and associated continuous and Triangle mesh

discrete properties
Seismic data (requires 3D data associated with a Survey feature)
Seismic survey (Voxet) Seismic survey
3D volume (Voxet) and properties, including seismic, velocity, 3D seismic, velocity, and other attributes
and other continuous and discrete properties
Imported facies volume also creates associated classification
and color map resources.
3D grid data
Stratigraphic grid (SGrid) including flow-simulation grids and 3D grid

associated continuous and discrete properties
Note: Importing and exporting does not support object regions.
The following enhancements are available for users running SKUA-GOCAD™ from the Paradigm Session
Manager.
• Dip, azimuth, velocity, and formation volumes are now saved to Epos. GeoDepth users can benefit now from
SKUA-GOCAD structural and stratigraphic model building capabilities in the depth imaging workflow because
the volumes now include all required information.
 You can create dip and azimuth cubes by using Voxet commands > Compute > SKUA Model Curvature.
 You can create a formation volume from a SKUA stratigraphic model for saving to Epos by using Voxet
commands > Interpretation > Transfer Stratigraphy and Geologic Time from SKUA Model. This
command associates a SKUA rock classification with the formation volume. When you send the formation
volume to Epos, a new formation table is automatically created in the Interpretation Data Manager.
 When saving the volume to Epos, you need to select the appropriate Epos data type. For more information,
see the SKUA-GOCAD – Paradigm 15 Help.
• Curves can now be saved to Epos as a map boundary.
• Interpretation map boundaries can now be opened from Epos.
• Production data can now be displayed on a map by zone or by well.
• Projected wells in a cross section view can now be limited to display only an interval of the well based on
markers, depths, or log names.

• You can now turn on labels for assigned marker and fault features in the left and right margins of well sections.
• Display of marker correlation lines in well sections can now be turned off even after markers are assigned to
features.
• You can now flip the orientation of a cross section 180 degrees by using Horizontal Flip on the Cross
Section toolbar.
• You can now display track labels vertically.
• You can now export a file with log values at markers.
SKUA Structure and SKUA Stratigraphy and Fault Analysis
• Mismatch between the SKUA model stratigraphy and input data has been reduced an average of 15 percent
for a same fault block resolution. This improvement is more visible for the horizons modeled in sequences
containing three or more units or units with intraformational data.
Paradigm 14.1p1 Paradigm 15
Fig. 16: Comparison of stratigraphy built from top, bottom horizon and intraformational patch
In this example, the median error in relation to input data for the intraformational patch was reduced by 34
percent.
• When modeling the fault network, you can now customize the fitting factor per fault.

• In the Checking Fault Throw task, you can now display and check fault throw quality on several faults at the
same time.
Note: If you do not see the traces of horizons on the fault, display the UVT model, which is under SKUA Model
in Display Elements.
• In the Honoring Well Data task, the Adapt to mismatch method was optimized so you can test several
distances of influence very quickly.
After you fit horizons to markers a first time, you can change the maximum radius and rerun the computation
instantaneously. However, if you change an option for fitting to markers such as ignoring missing marker status
or edit the markers, the subsequent computation takes as long as the first computation.
• When you ignore horizon data near faults, you can now specify the side of the fault (hanging wall or footwall)
on which to ignore data.
The Ignore Bad Points Only option was removed.
• In the Honoring Well Data task, a new quality control command is now available for checking the status of
missing markers. The command compares the missing marker status information on the wells with the SKUA
model horizon geometry. For instance, if a horizon H1 is marked as unreached but SKUA-GOCAD detects that
the horizon crosses the well anyway, the workflow sends an issue report.
• You can now use open unconformity curves as input data for horizon modeling. These curves force the horizon
to intersect the unconformity. However, unlike closed curves, open unconformity curves do not define any area
in which the horizon must be present or not. Therefore, the unconformity contours on modeled horizons might
be honored less with this method.
These curves might be used in cases where the erosion or baselap stops at a fault, as shown in the following
figure.

Yellow horizon modeled without erosion curve
Yellow horizon modeled with open erosion curve
Perspective view Top view
Fig. 17: Application example of an open erosion curve on a horizon that is not eroded
symmetrically along a fault
When using an open unconformity curve, you will get this message by entering the Modeling Horizon task panel:
"#Error: Region has not been created - hint: make sure the curve is closed." Disregard the message if you really
intend to use an open unconformity curve.
2D Restoration (Kine3D-2)
• New tools are available on the View toolbar for checking a balanced cross section: Show Length , Show
Thickness , and Check Section Lengths .
• You can now display wells and well markers on a balanced cross section.
• You can now rotate the mouse wheel to zoom the view of a balanced cross section.
Sequential 3D Restoration (Kine3D-3)
• Decompaction is now available for SGrid-based models in Kine3D®-3.
• Computed properties on kinematic models can now be transferred to SKUA models.

Interpretation Modeling
A new option in Probe/Slicer Editor is available: fading. You can use this option to balance the display of the first
two corendered properties.
Equivalent fading for both properties. Same result (right) as previous version.
Semblance property highlighted
Fig. 18: Effect of fading option in Probe/Slicer Editor on corendering display
Velocity Modeling and Time-Depth Conversion
You can now create a Curve object from a Velocity Function object.
Data and Trend Analysis (Formerly Reservoir Data Analysis)
The Reservoir Data Analysis Workflow has been renamed Data and Trend Analysis. The new name reflects the
broader usage of this workflow, which is not only limited to reservoir data but can also be used to analyze other
types of data like velocity, for example.

Flow Simulation Grid
• To simplify the alignment of pillars, a new feature to automatically align the pillars along the fold axis is
available. This method can be combined with classic alignment methods along surfaces.
Align gridding along fold main axis (minimal Align gridding along fold main axis and fault
deformation)
Fig. 19: Grid shown in cross section; colors show fault blocks
With this option, you can now build flow simulation grids in extremely folded environments (see the following
figure). Some best practices for building overturned structures are given in the Help for the task panel.
Fig. 20: Flow simulation grid in overturned structure environment
• Performance is improved when rebuilding the flow simulation grid. This improvement mainly affects grids with
many faults.
Unless the structural model is modified, the algorithm reuses pieces of information from the previous
computation to reduce the building time. For example, on a 300,000-cell grid with 100 faults and 5 units, the
building time decreased from 4 hours to 30 minutes for the second construction. With this improvement, it
becomes simpler to test different cell resolutions or different alignment parameters for building a grid.
Production Data Analysis
• You can now change the plotted production data on the fly without needing to close the plot window. A
dockable dialog box to select the productions, scenarios, and objects is accessible from the plot toolbar.

• Production plot operations are now much faster. This improvement includes the creation of the plot, editing the
style of the production curves and plot axis, zoom operations, and so on.
Fixed Problems
Foundation Modeling
Macro Commands
• Tagging of file selectors in commands is improved through the use of a unique variable type FileName and the
management of the multiselection flag.
Additional Fixed Problems
• You can now undo changes to the style of objects. Because of this improvement, many undo operations will be
available that were previously erased as soon as a style change occurred.
• You can now create a color map from a facies classification.
• No-data values appeared in the created compartmentalization property after applying merge operations. This
problem has been fixed.
• Creating compartments by using the Fault Blocks and Reservoir Zones operation is now much faster. In
some conditions, creating the compartmentalization property is 30 times faster.
Performance is improved for loading and managing flow simulation data, including loading and statistics
computation of grid properties and well production data.
The following fixes are available for users running SKUA-GOCAD from the Paradigm Session Manager.
• Seismic data sent from 3D Canvas is now received.
• Active reporting unit templates are now consistent for upgraded projects.
• Markers with special characters in Epos that are modified in SKUA-GOCAD now save back to Epos without
underscores replacing the special characters.
• When you load an object or open a project with an object that is farther than 500 km from the coordinate
system origin, you are presented with a warning message. The severity of this message has been downgraded
from a critical error to a warning. Receiving this message does not mean that the project is corrupted or
prevent you from loading the object. Because the object is far from the project origin, operations performed
with this object, especially those involving the object geometry such as displaying it or creating fault blocks
from the SKUA Structure & Stratigraphy Workflow, may lead to issues with numerical imprecision and poor
results.

• Ghosting (copying) of raster logs now more closely resembles the original raster image.
• While a view is flattened, moving markers by right-clicking a marker and selecting Flatten at Horizon Marker
now updates the flattening as expected.
• A user-controlled filter is now available for reducing overlapping annotations in annotation tracks.
• Ghosted (copied) logs now always have correctly located resize handles.
• Logs filled with discrete log fill are no longer black in CGM output when one of the wells does not have the
chosen discrete log.
• In cases where scale track labels are inverted in cross sections, you can now flip the labels.
SKUA Structure and SKUA Stratigraphy and Fault Analysis
• Feedback to users is improved when horizons are crossed by intraformational data, leading to low geologic
time gradient in one sequence.
• Unexpected fault network rebuilding no longer occurs. The problem resulted from unit conversion issues
related to fault network resolution settings when working with projects in which reporting units were different
from the project units.
• Reporting units in workflow task panels are now consistent.
2D Restoration (Kine3D-2)
You can now add objects to the Balanced Cross Section Workflow by dragging them from the standard Display
Elements into a balanced cross section window. Previously, you could only add objects to the workflow by using a
browser in the Edit Tools task.
Sequential 3D Restoration (Kine3D-3)
• The Kinematics toolbar now appears when you double-click on a kinematic model.
• Constraints normal to 2D regions and borders no longer give error messages that normals are not correctly
oriented.
• For faults that do not intersect the base of the model, contacts are no longer needed between the fault and the
base of the model.
• When configuring Code_Aster, you no longer need to choose a version of Code_Aster.
• Degenerated hexahedras for SGrids with erosions and unconformities are now correctly restored.
• The display attributes of strain tensors have been improved.
• The Sequential 3D Restoration Workflow now automatically computes a dynamic property called label at each
restoration event, simplifying the addition of new movement constraints.

• The export of TemisFlow data structures is now in real-world coordinates.
• ToolTips for faults in the Define Kinematic Constraints task panel are corrected and improved.
Well Correlation and Stratigraphic Analysis
• In well sections, distance between wells is accurately updated now in both cases of removing a well and hiding
a well.
• In view settings for a well section, you can now select specific two-way time (TWT) curves.
SKUA Structure Uncertainty
In the SKUA® Structure Uncertainty Workflow, some issues with volume computation are fixed that occurred in
models with unconformities.
Reservoir Risk Assessment (Jacta)
You can now compute cell-to-cell connectivity based on property thresholds on geologic grids. Split cells along
faults are properly accounted for to ensure connectivity across faults.
SKUA Flow Simulation Grid
Alignment issues that occurred when using a trend surface and straight pillar are fixed.
LGR and Upscaling
You can now upscale properties from a geologic grid to any SGrid object. Previously, properties could be upscaled
only to flow simulation grids generated from the same SKUA model as the geologic grid.

Seismic Processing and Imaging
Echos
Highlights
With this version, we continue with significant updates to the Echos infrastructure to better align the product with
the Epos infrastructure. In particular:
• The Echos Monitor, which controls the trace flow between modules has been rewritten in C++.
• The Echos specific development kit components have been integrated into the OpenGeo Development Kit.
Note: For customers developing their own Echos processing modules these infrastructure changes will require
a review and update of those modules.
We also continue with our integration with the Epos velocity model repository system. To support the use of
common set of velocity analysis tools and utilities with this release:
• The Constrained Velocity Inversion utility will now be included with Echos.
• The Echos Velocity Navigator will now be included with Echos.
Fig. 21: Velocity Navigator
We also continue to upgrade and enhance the geoscience in the product. This release includes:

• Improved support for the analysis, quality control and processing of multi-component seismic data with a new
module, SWPLIT, for shear wave splitting analysis and correction; and additional analysis and quality control
functionality in the ROTATE module.
• A new module for signal enhancement, RNA, that uses a 2D shearlet transform to separate signal and noise.
• A new module, MOTIONC, for receiver motion compensation for towed cable marine acquisition. A
functionality that is now appearing in many service processing flow requirements.
• A significant update to the Echos Reverse Time Migration module, which now includes support for variable
density models for both modeling and migration. The module can now also be used for poststack migration and
modeling.
Fig. 22: An example of Echos Reverse Time Migration
New Applications
Constrained Velocity Inversion
• The GeoDepth Constrained Velocity Inversion utility is now available with Echos.
Velocity Navigator
• The GeoDepth Velocity Navigator is now available with Echos.
MKDATA
• MKDATA is an input program. It creates the input data according to user specification. It is used to facilitate
checking the job input prior to processing seismic data. MKDATA replaces DUMIN, and when used with
SYNDATA replaces GENRATE.

MOTIONC
• MOTIONC is a module for receiver motion compensation for towed marine acquisitions.
RNA
• RNA enhances signals by attenuating the random noise present in seismic gathers. RNA uses a 2D shearlet
(curvelet) transform and thresholding the energy below a user given random noise level.
Seismic Job Launcher
• A new Seismic Job Launcher replaces XJOB.
SWSPLIT
• A new module, SWSPLIT, performs shear wave splitting analysis (S1/S2) and correction of the Radial/
Transversal components.
AGC
• AGC has been rewritten for speed and accuracy.
• AGC now incorporates TSCALE and DESCALE functionality.
ALT
• ALT has been discontinued in favor of the safer ECHOS_MODULE_PATH approach used in OpenGeo.
BALANCE
• BALANCE has been redesigned. Some minor issues with parameter handling were corrected during the
redesign.
• BALANCE now allows interpolation between N 3-tuples of the form (PKEY1, PKEY2, SKEY).
• BALANCE now incorporates TSCALE and DESCALE functionality.
CMPDMO, CVA, CVELDEF, DATUMS, ETADEF, MIG3D, NMO. REGLO, and VELDEF
• Modules modified to use the UNITS global variable or DAengMtrEnglish and DAengMtrMetric instead of
subroutine MON_GETIJI.

DISCO
• Two new disco command line arguments added, minwt and maxseg, to allow control of parallelization. This
restores some flexibility in user control of the parallelization of Echos batch jobs.
DSIN
• CCP and CMP now will be interpreted as CDP.
DSOUT
• CCP and CMP now will be interpreted as CDP.
• DSOUT now supports data sorted by module SORT with keys inline/xline.
FKKF
• FKKF can now handle prestack data.
FMTIN
• FMTIN can now handle disk data whose records are separated by CRLF. Latitude/longitude trace headers are
now negative when the latitude is in the southern hemisphere and longitude is in the western hemisphere.
GHOSTX
• The method for searching for deghosting filter parameters has been improved to provide for a significant
reduction in the time taken to estimate those filter parameters, resulting in an overall improvement in the
throughput of the module.
GEOMLD
• The documentation was updated to include the format of the headers produced by the module.
GOUT
• The validity checks on the trweight trace header have been improved to help prevent NaN errors.
INTRP5D
• The throughput performance of the module was significantly increased.
• A new parameter has been added, RECIPRC, for reciprocity.
• An enhancement has been made in the way parameters NWINIL and NWINXL are used in dividing the input
data into horizontal windows. Previously, the output pattern was used as a frame for the windows, whereas,
now the input trace area is used. This should provide more balanced trace distribution among windows.

Job Select
• The default file mask used in the Job Select dialog box was modified to be consistent with prior releases and to
look for the file ending in dat.
• The sort order of jobs presented in the Job Select dialog box was changed to be alphabetical.
Parallel Exec
• Parallel Exec was modified to use shared memory segments for data transfer on a local host rather than
sockets.
PHOPT
• PILOT list now uses PDS format. Parameter FILENAM has been deleted. There is a new parameter, LABEL,
to specify the PDS dataset label.
PRINT
• PRINT has been enhanced to include functionality from modules HISTORY and TABLE.
Production Window
• The Trace Monitor has been replaced to use the Seismic Job Performance Monitor > Job Details window to
provide a monitoring display.
ROTATE
• ROTATE now has a new option to help users perform orientation analysis and quality control of the data. The
analysis may be performed on gated areas of the data.
RTM
• Variable density for modeling and migration options for Isotropic and TTI cases has been implemented.
• The user now has the option to select the depth step type for reverse time propagation with the DRC option.
The options are DRC500, DRC250, and DRC100.
• Poststack migration option is implemented by introducing the PREPOST parameter. Poststack migration
utilizes the one-way wave equation and the prestack migration is still the two-wave equation.
SDB2SURVEY
• CDP Event/Attributes can now be output into the survey from the seismic database.

SORT
• A new parameter, LASTTR, has been implemented to determine if the last trace should be included in the
ensemble or not.
SPECBAL
• The module was redesigned.
Spreadsheet
• Support has been added for SPS Revision 2.1 format.
• The user can now type in column numbers in the Receiver and Relation File columns.
STATICT
• The PILOT parameter now uses PDS files. VDS files are no longer used. The parameter FILENAM has been
deleted and LABEL has been added.
SYNDATA
• The SYNDATA module now consolidates the data generation functions and parameters of the following
modules: GENDAT, GENRATE, and SYNDATA.
TAPEDB
• TAPEDB's command structure has been updated to use the new hyphen (-) style of command line parsing.
TAPEOPT
• Support for the slash (/) command delimiter has been deprecated. The hyphen (-) parameter delimiter must be
used. The standard Linux command line syntax must now be used in parameter specification. In particular, the
use of the equal sign (=) is no longer supported in parameter specification. For example,
Paradigm 14.x
TAPEOPT /tapefile=tape_filename
Paradigm 15.0
TAPEOPT -tapefile tape_filename
• Long file names can be specified using multiple TAPEOPT lists. For example,
TAPEOPT -tapefile /path/to/long/name/123

TAPEOPT 456/segy

TRATTR
• TRATTR can now also generate the amplitude spectrum attribute of seismic traces.
Fixed Problems
Base Map
• The Send Line, Velocities, Attributes, and Send buttons have been removed.
DESCALE
• A problem which resulted in invalid values and amplitude spikes under certain conditions (i.e., specific
processors) has been fixed.
DISCO
• For parallel jobs, NORMAL COMPLETION will be issued by the last parallel segment and not the first as in
previous releases.
• Disco jobs no longer crashes if ECHOS_SJPM_DIR is defined to a location without write privileges.
DSIN
• The secondary key can now be floating point when changing the sort order.
• A problem with the changing of the sort order, where the secondary key was not set correctly into the G axis
has been fixed.
DSOUT
• A problem with DSOUT improperly setting units to international feet for seismic data has been fixed. Depth
units were being set to "US Survey Foot".
EBLOAD
• A problem with the FNAME parameter being too short in the Echos Production Window has been fixed.
EchosEnv
• A correction to the search path for XAPPLRESDIR was made to improve interaction with third-party
applications using that environment variable.
FBSOL
• The Send option has been removed.

FSLOAD
• A problem that appeared when the input data contained 64-bit trace headers has been fixed.
GEOM2D
• A problem with the option SCATTER giving incorrect results has been fixed.
• The SCATTER option would occasionally create a first cdp = 0 has been fixed.
GEOMLD
• Parameters DSLINE and DRLINE have been changed from integer to floating point.
• A problem with the INTERP option on the NAVFILE list where updated headers were incorrect has been fixed.
• A problem when tolerance = 0 navigation search can get into an infinite loop and hang has been fixed.
• A problem with the interaction between the module and the Spreadsheet handling of SHTLINE, RECLINE,
SHOTSTN, and RECSTN has been fixed.
• A problem with the interaction of the module with the check job option has been fixed.
GIN
• A problem parsing long strings that span two or more TAPEOPT lists has been fixed.
HDRCNT
• A problem with getting incorrect results from the AMEANZ operation has been fixed.
• A problem with a memory leak in the Trace library used by the module HDRCNT has been fixed.
HEADDEL
• A minor problem with the warning information printed when trying to delete an undefined trace header has
been fixed.
HEADPUT
• HEADPUT does not fail now when ATTRI with the INTERP option is selected, if there are multiple entries that
belong to the same surface location.
• The GRIDPIC list card now works correctly for picks and grids.
IF
• A problem when the IF module reported an incorrect error message if double precision headers were given has
been fixed.

INTRP5D
• A problem with the use of the module on seismic datasets with limited azimuthal/offset distribution of input data
across the data reconstruction region has been fixed. Limitations in the INTRP5D implementation that could
result in unexpected zeroed regions in the output data were corrected by changes to the underlying data
reconstruction library. This was discovered on marine data with a small number of recording cables.
ISDBUTL
• ISDBUTL can now copy database files when it is launched from the GSM.
Job Cloner
• A problem where a blank line in a csv file would cause Job Cloner to hang has been fixed.
Monitor
• A problem with the conversion of old (pre-Paradigm 14) format trace header names where the names differed
only by a dash "-" and an underscore "_" has been fixed.
NAVDSK
• Latitude/longitude trace headers are now negative when latitude is in the southern hemisphere and longitude is
in the western hemisphere.
Parallel Exec
• Jobs that do not parallelize will issue a message and run as a regular sequential run. Previously, the job did not
print a message and returned to the command line.
PREPARE
• A problem on the DBGATE list where the corresponding repeat would not appear when the DBGATE list was
inserted has been fixed.
RADNPAR
• A problem where the last gather output could be all zero traces when NENSM > 1 has been fixed.
SEGD
• A problem in SEGD with multiplexed data where the test for SOS (start-of-scan) could yield a false positive has
been fixed.

Seismic Job Performance Monitor
• The Production Window is now connected to the Seismic Job Performance Monitor and the interactive job
monitoring in Echos now using a Seismic Job Performance Monitor window.
• A problem with the launching of the Cluster Performance Monitor from the Seismic Job Performance Monitor
has been fixed.
SJPM
• A problem with SJPM hanging when a user had longer than 8 characters in their user name has been fixed.
SMACMS
• An issue with the handling of data in low fold areas has been fixed.
• A problem when the first sample is not time 0 (ZSTART) has been fixed.
Spectral Analysis
• A problem with Power Spectrum DB not displaying correctly in Spectral Analysis has been fixed.
Spreadsheet
• A problem where the Copy button would lose its button-like appearance has been fixed.
• The cell value range has been increased.
• The Send button has been removed.
• A problem where the job deck saved by Spreadsheet could have number fields containing more than 8
characters has been fixed.
SRMA
• A problem which would cause a crash for 2D data if INLINE/XLINE values were 0 or if X-axis increment was
undefined has been fixed.
STACK
• A problem with the handling of the coherency-weighted stacking option, the COH list, has been fixed.
• A problem with STACK hanging when the ATRIM method was selected has been fixed.
• A problem with the performance of parallel jobs has been fixed.
Stacking Chart Utility

STATAVG
• A check has been restored to ensure input is in CDP-ordered.
TAPOUT
• A problem that appeared when the input data contained 64-bit trace headers has been fixed.
Trace Header
• A problem with the display of trace header information for very large datasets has been corrected.
TRMATH
• A problem where an extra trace could be output for each gather by TRMATH has been fixed.
Velocity Utility
View Data
• When traces have hertz as the unit, View Data now displays the right annotation.
• Correlation Analysis now displays correct results when the selected area was a short time gate.
• A problem that View Data wasn't properly labeling a certain case for time slices in which time increment is not
the original sampling rate or the start time is not from 0 has been fixed.
• The Global Parameters dialog box options in Spectral Analysis for Freq Axis are now being saved.
• A problem when the Analysis > Trace Header were displaying incorrect values has been fixed.
• A problem with the use of Analysis-> Header Analysis potentially causing a crash has been fixed.
• A problem with Overlay handling when viewing datasets with different start times has been fixed.
• A problem with the handling of legacy (short form) survey names which could potentially cause a crash if a
survey was populated with data from other Epos applications before Echos was used, was resolved.
WEMA
• A problem which could result in the appearance of noise in the output data has been fixed.
Deleted Modules
The following modules have been deleted: ALT, DUMIN (functionality now included in MKDATA), ENVELOPE
(functionality now included in TRATTR), GENDAT (functionality now included in SYNDATA), HISTO, HISTORY
(functionality now included in PRINT), RECON, TABLE (functionality now included in PRINT).

Deprecated Modules Notice
With the introduction of MKDATA, the GENRATE module will be removed in the next release. MKDATA may be
used in conjunction with SYNDATA to replace the GENRATE functionality. SYNDATA has been enhanced to
incorporate the GENRATE functions.
The updated versions of AGC and BALANCE modules now incorporate the TSCALE and DESCALE functionality.
TSCALE and DESCALE modules will be removed in the next release.
GeoDepth and EarthStudy 360

3D CRP Ray Tracing and 3D Ray Tracing Attribute Filter Application (Illumination)
• The Output Per Azimuth option has been removed from the 3D CRP Ray Tracing application and added to
the 3D CRP Ray Tracing Attribute Filter application.
3D Gather Viewer
• KMig3D 3D X-Y (OVT) gathers in Time Migrated/Depth Migrated domains and EarthStudy 360 LAD (5D)
gathers in vertical time can be viewed in the new 3D Gather Viewer. It can be opened from the Paradigm
Session Manager or OVT gathers loaded via the SEG-Y Import/Export utility. The 3D Gather Viewer is still
available from the Velocity Navigator for viewing EarthStudy 360 - Direction and Reflection Angle Gathers.
3D Grid Tomography
• VSP Tomography (Add-On) - Incorporating VSP data into the tomographic inversion process can yield very
accurate results (updates), especially in the updating of the anisotropic parameters. VSP seismic data (picked
first/direct arrivals) holds superior information than reflection seismic data as it avoids the depth vs. velocity
ambiguity problem. Grid-based Tomography now supports first arrival VSP data, which can be used alone or
together with regular reflection seismic data (CIG's).
Grid-based Tomography uses point-to-point ray tracing to converge from the receivers in the borehole to the
surface acquisition. The application supports multiple wells within a single inversion. In addition, there is an
advanced interactive VSP ray tracing QC tool, allowing visualizing the first arrival VSP rays that are used in the
Tomography inversion.
The first arrival VSP data is an input to the grid-based tomography in 'Build' stage, and is supplied via an ASCII
text file with a strict format (see details in help). This input file contains all the sources' and receivers' coordinates
as well as the first arrival traveltimes (no picking of first breaks events is done within the application).
Smoothing plays a very important role when using VSP data, especially when running with VSP data alone. In
such a case, the VSP rays illuminate a localized cone around the well, and not all the target area as in regular
Tomography with reflection seismic data. The smoothing constraints (which are applied within the inversion
itself) are used to extrapolate the tomographic updates to the entire target area. For this to happen, large
smoothing factors should be used, and choosing the Smoothing factor along structure option is recommended.
VSP Tomography is available as an add-on to 3D Grid-based Tomography.

• In the Solve stage, Smoothing and Sensitivity Factors can now be defined per formation (if a formation volume
is defined as input) or per depth.
• Default Update limits in Grid Tomography have been modified as follows:

 1 = relative residual velocity: -0.25 < alpha < 0.25
 2 = delta: -0.1 < delta < 0.3 (this limits the updated delta values)
 3 = eta: -0.1 < eta < 0.5 (this limits the updated eta values)
3D Model Based Tomography
• Time Preserving Tomography (Model Simulations) - Time Preserving Tomography (TPT) is an efficient and
accurate application to simulate different scenarios of isotropic/anisotropic velocity-depth models which are
consistent (in a least-square manner) with a given background (reference) model. TPT inputs consist of the
background model and a set of parameters' perturbations. These perturbations represent the way the user
wants to perturb the background model. TPT output is the perturbed model that preserves the traveltimes of all
rays shot on the one hand, and the input perturbations on the other hand.
Throughout the seismic imaging workflows, this type of operation is performed with different levels of accuracy.
The most robust (less accurate) and simple approach is the preservation of vertical time of the main horizons.
In this case, the velocity-depth model at each location is assumed to be 1D (ignoring lateral velocity variations)
and is transformed to vertical time. Velocity parameters can be then perturbed and then transformed back to
depth with the vertical velocity component of the new (perturbed) velocities. The time preserving tomography is
a more accurate method (assuming real lateral varying 3D models) which makes it possible to obtain perturbed
models that preserve traveltimes of rays (zero offset up to a given finite offset) traced throughout the background
model. Thus, flat reflectors along common image gathers (CIG) generated by the background velocity model
will remain flat using the perturbed velocity models.
The already released, grid-based well-tie (or mis-tie) tomography is Paradigm's first implementation of time
preserving tomography. In this case, the input for the TPT includes a background velocity model and depth mis-
ties obtained, for example, from discrepancy between well markers and the corresponding seismic based
horizons. The new TPT can be considered as a generalization approach, where in addition to mis-ties, the input
can include all types of the anisotropic velocity parameters (e.g., axial velocity, and Thomsen delta and epsilon
parameters). There are several other advantages in TPT over the existing implementation like performance
improvements and weighting option for the perturbations' constraints.
The TPT is a useful tool for both depth imagers and interpreters. During the depth imaging workflows, it provides
the ability to set external structural and stratigraphic geological constraints and to extend the realization of the
anisotropic model description in a consistent manner. Interpreters can simulate many "legal" model scenarios
which can also help in uncertainty and risk analysis.
Time Preserving Tomography is available as a maintenance upgrade for users that have 3D Layer Tomo
License (Model-Based Tomography) and for Explorer MV and Explorer SGMV users.
• Model-Based Tomography now supports OBC data.
• By default, no velocity/anisotropy update is performed by Model-Based Tomography for points located below
the deepest model map (the values remain as they were before the Tomography run). However, it is possible to
extrapolate the updates of the deepest formation down to the bottom of the volume by selecting Extrapolate
Update (Vertically) in the Update tab of the Solve Matrix GUI, or by adding -vert_extrap to the script.

• Smoothing the depth updates in Model-Based Tomography overburdens the inversion with unnecessary
constraints. Smoothing the velocity and anisotropy updates is enough. Therefore, smoothing will not be
performed on the depth updates anymore.
• In the Solve stage, Smoothing and Sensitivity Factors can now be defined per formation or per depth.
Additional Enhancements for Both 3D Grid and Model Based Tomography
• Usability enhancement - The workflow for converting from isotropic to Anisotropic models using Tomography
has been made easier. Users no longer need to input zero Epsilon/Delta volumes for the isotropic models. The
user now selects the input model (ISO, VTI, TTI) and output model (ISO, VTI, TTI) types. The following
conversions are allowed: ISO -> VTI, or ISO ->TTI.
• The AutoPicker functionality has been removed from the Tomography Build dialog boxes. AutoPicker is now a
separate application that is launched from the Paradigm Session Manager and 3D Canvas.
• In Paradigm 15, azimuthally-based sectorized gathers created from OVT gathers, can be used in Multi-
Azimuth Tomography. Offset Vector Tiles (OVT) gathers can either be created by the Paradigm Kirchhoff
migration or imported using the SEG-Y Import. The OVT gather can then be azimuthally sectored and used as
input to 3D Tomography.
AutoPicker and RMO QC Attributes
• Prestack Autopicking for RMO is now a separate utility launched from the Session Manager. It is no longer
embedded in the Build Tomography GUI.
• The 1D AutoPicker (Plane Wave Destructor) algorithm has been improved.
• The value "0" in the -apstackratio parameter is no longer allowed in Autopicker.
• The user has the option to rerun the AutoPicker with modified parameters on areas that have been masked. A
typical workflow would be to run the AutoPicker, view the results using the QC Attribute in 3D Canvas, and
mask out low quality RMOs from the pencil file.
• Multi-azimuth workflow with multiple files:

 You can define a separate input mute file for each depth gather file.
 A dedicated QC Moveout group is calculated for each gather file separately. A mask can be applied to each
of these groups.
• First/Last trace QC attributes are now available for EarthStudy 360 Reflection Angle Gathers.
• There has been a change to the way the semblance QC attribute is calculated. It is now normalized by the
number of traces up until the mute function. Previously, the normalization did not take the mute into account. If
no mute exists, results will be the same as previous versions.
Create Pencils
• The Create Pencils application has some changes to the user interface.
• Now supports extracting of velocity/delta/epsilon mis-tie maps for the Time Preserving Tomography workflow.

• Additional attributes like mis-ties can be added to an existing pencil files.
• You can now save all the Create Pencils UI settings into a script, and run this script in Batch mode.
EarthStudy Imager/CRAM
The EarthStudy Imager has undergone a significant upgrade to allow for greater computational flexibility, ease of
use, performance and image quality. The main improvements are:
• The distribution of computational load is far more flexible. The strict linkage between memory use and CPU
utilization has been decoupled allowing for a wider range of CPU to memory ratios to run.
• A varying calculation grid (pencil sampling) with depth has been introduced. This results in significant
improvements in runtimes (up to a factor of 5 in large, deep datasets) while maintaining high imaging quality.
The same feature allows for greater quality in the shallow region.
• The parallelization has been upgraded so the EarthStudy 360 Imager will run optimally on systems with a large
number of threads/cores per node (including the new generation of Intel clusters).
• Dramatic reduction in migration parameters in the GUI, with the GUI being redesigned to include the following
tabs: Inputs, Outputs, Parameters, Performance and Advanced. Please refer to the Paradigm 15 Online
Help for the new parameter set.
• Duplication of parameter functionality has been reduced. For example, the parameters giving the maximum
result angles (primary axis angle) and secondary axis angle have been removed. The maximum values of the
opening and dip angles (irrespective of result types), are determined from the LAD angles.
• Many parameters that are very rarely used but that circumstances may require have been hidden to reduce
clutter and are now available via the batch mode only.
• The work-group setup is now automatic allowing for easier setup of runs. This is more so due to the large
variety of clusters available to the clients.
• Ray-properties (1-way and 2-way) are not available in Paradigm 15 but can be generated using the WEyeMig
executable accessible in batch mode only.
• Output reflection and direction angle gathers can be written in a single run, effectively halving the run time
when running for both diffraction imaging and AVAZ.
• The interpolation scheme for creating fine grid result gathers from the coarse grid computational results has
been improved with the time corrections being taken to 2nd Order. This improves the seismic results, reducing
sampling artifacts.
• The environment variables have been either cancelled or added to the regular parameter set.
• The reciprocity has been turned on as default.
• 3D illumination scaling of the seismic result has been cancelled and the 5D which is the default is retained.
• The extrapolation overlap functionality has been extended to allow it to change as a function of the lateral
sampling (therefore depth).
• The input data apertures are allowed to change with depth.

Gather Conditioning Utility
• Gather Conditioning now prompts you to select a single gather on the same seismic line.
• A workflow that is automatically calculated when a line is loaded now appears in the Workflow QC tab with the
same name as the workflow name that you initially set in the Operation tab in Workflow mode.
• The View Muted Gather mode in 2D Canvas and 3D Canvas controls whether the active mute is applied in the
display of the application. In the Gather Conditioning utility, there is a separate Apply Mute option which
controls whether the mute is applied in the Gather Conditioning workflow. Previously, the View Muted Gather
mode controlled both the display and the Gather Conditioning utility.
Kirchhoff Migration
• An option to apply mute on input time gathers has been added.
• HPC Monitor is now available for Kirchhoff migrations to better monitor the progress.
• Aperture can be defined per depth level in the inline and crossline directions.
• There is an option to remove zero amplitude traces at the far offsets in the output gathers. Using this option,
zero amplitude far offset traces are not written to the output gather file.
• KMig3D memory estimation without a traveltime file - There is a new option in the TravelTime application to
produce only the header of a traveltime file. This allows for TravelTime and KMig3D applications to give their
memory estimation before each of the applications is run.
• Additional statistics have been added to the log file.
• New command line argument, -db_index, has been added for defining seismic output path.
• In 3D Kirchhoff migration, topography scanning is now disabled in cases where data is ready for imaging and
doesn't need statics correction reversal.
SKUA-GeoDepth Integration
Integration of the industry’s leading solutions for velocity modeling and structure & stratigraphic model building use
SKUA’s structural and stratigraphic framework to generate volumes of dip, azimuth, velocity, and geologic
formation to facilitate the update of velocity models. The geologically and stratigraphically-constrained velocity
volumes created in SKUA can be used to perform full azimuth illumination, RTM forward modeling, grid
tomography, and seismic imaging.
Velocity Navigator
• CVS support - Velocity/Residual Velocity/Residual Moveout and Eta Analysis using Common Velocity Stacks
(CVS) is now supported in Velocity Navigator. CVS are calculated using the Gather Processing dialog. The
CVS are calculated in batch for a range of Inlines/CMPs. The user can then display the CVS stacks in a
dedicated panel. The display can be set by selecting Customize > User Interface Preferences > Calculation
Preferences > Auxiliary Panel and set the Auxiliary Panel working mode to CVS.
The display aperture of each mini-stack can be set manually in the User Interface Preferences.

Velocity function picking can be performed directly on the semblance display or on the mini-stacks. When
picking is performed on the semblance display, the velocity function is displayed on the mini-stacks and vice-
versa.
CVS is available for Offset gathers for the following analysis types:
 Stacking and RMS Velocity Analysis.
 Relative Residual Velocity, Residual Moveout and Eta analysis in Time, Time Migrated and Depth Domains.
• Display nearest vertical function - In the Vertical Functions list, the nearest vertical functions can now be
displayed at each location according to the number of functions set in the vertical function range. The number
of vertical functions to be displayed can be set by selecting View > Vertical Function List > Show Nearest
VFs.
• Vertical function display properties - You can now change vertical function line display properties by
selecting Customize > Velocity Navigator Parameters > Display Preferences > Vertical Velocity. You can
select color, line thickness, and style of the current vertical function and the nearest displayed vertical functions
selected Vertical Function List.
• On/off mutes - In the Velocity Navigator, you can now open and apply On/Off to mutes that were created in
Echos. Note: On/Off mutes cannot be applied to options opened from the Seismic Data Creation menu in the
Time Analysis domain.
• OVT gathers and spiral offset gathers - You can display these types of 3D gathers now in the Velocity
Navigator. Using the Gather Processing tool, the gathers can be sectored, where each azimuth sector is saved
in a separate file. The sectored gather file can be used as input to the 3D Tomography or FastVel/AVAZ
Fracture Analysis workflow. Residual Moveout Analysis and additional processes are not supported for these
gather types.
• Line selection in BaseMap - You can now select the CMP/CRP location displayed in the Velocity Navigator
using the Line Selection tool in BaseMap. For 3D data, the Velocity Navigator will be updated according to the
selected inline and crossline. For 2D data, the CMP location should be picked using the [Ctrl] key.
MultiAzimuth/EarthStudy 360 Fracture Analysis
See “FastVel and AVAZ Inversion” on page 97.
Multi-line Interpretation Scaling
See “Multi-line Interpretation Scaling” on page 46.
Global Velocity Model-Based Time/Depth Conversion
See “Global Velocity Model Building” on page 36.
Shared Applications
• “2D Canvas” on page 40

• “BaseMap” on page 46
• “Crossplot Utility” on page 97
• “FastVel and AVAZ Inversion” on page 97
• “Section” on page 47
• “Seismic Attributes (Add-on)” on page 50
• “Vertical Functions” on page 47
• “Well Log Window” on page 48
Fixed Problems
EarthStudy 360/CRAM Migration
• When starting EarthStudy 360 GUI from a script (WEyeStarter), the LAD table flag (-lad_table_switch)
setting is now loaded correctly into the GUI.
Gather Conditioning Utility
• The parameters for Gardner and Mudrock relations and significance level are now saved correctly in the
Gather Conditioning utility, both in the Workflow QC tab and in Batch mode when run from 2D Canvas.
• Gather Conditioning now keeps all trace headers.
• Gather Conditioning now uses Infiniband when running on a cluster.
• Saving log files (including WARNING level) and work files in Gather Conditioning is now possible.
• Gather conditioning of large datasets on a cluster now runs without causing the application to crash.
3D Common Shot Full Wave Migration
• When SRD is defined above the Topography surface, topography is now handled correctly.
3D Kirchhoff Migration
• Allows users the ability to specify the path for writing results by using the -db_index parameter in the script.
2D Kirchhoff Migration
• 2D Kirchhoff migration can now run 16100 format from Echos.

• Documentation was updated regarding stretch mute values in 2D Kirchhoff.
3D Tomography
• The tables for converting the old smoothing factors to new ones (appearing in the terminal printouts on Solve
runs) now show the correct values.
• Direct tomography now runs with decimated ray tracing.
Constrained Velocity Inversion (CVI)
• In Constrained Velocity Inversion the allowed decimation limit was increased from 5 to 10 times the Inline/
crossline step defined in the survey.
• When Formation Volume is selected in Interpolation mode, Constrained Velocity Inversion no longer crashes.
• Velocity update now works correctly when the data has floating datum and a formation volume is used as input.
EarthStudy 360 Illuminator
• A memory problem was fixed so that the geometry filter now runs.
• The ray attribute filter now works with multi-value T-Surfaces as input.
EarthStudy 360 Imager
• A memory leak when running two-way ray properties creation was fixed.
Seismic/Attribute Scaling
• Scaling and resampling data in 2D surveys no longer corrupts files.
Velocity Navigator
• Ray Migration now recognizes the active formation.
• Velocity Navigator now opens if there are no formations defined in the Formation Table.
• The Copy Nearest CMP/CRP VF option in the Preferences dialog box now copies vertical functions from the
closest crosslines (General Preferences > Vertical Function > Copy Nearest CMP/CRP VF).
• Horizon Migration in the Velocity Navigator algorithm was improved to fit complex models.
• 2D Model Based Tomography now runs when the input data has steps.

Seismic Reservoir Characterization
Vanguard and Probe

Colored Inversion
• The new Colored Inversion utility opened from the Section window and the new Impedance Attributes option
in the Seismic Attributes application provide a new seismic inversion functionality. Seismic Inversion is the
process used to turn amplitudes into elastic properties. However it is a process which requires time, as well as
skill in many domains, such as basic petro-physics, rock-physics and reservoir geophysics. Colored inversion
is a quick-look method that produces an inversion based on the observation that AI (Acoustic Impedance)
spectra decrease log-linearly with frequency. In Colored Inversion you create an operator to match seismic
spectra with Acoustic Impedance spectra. It is a technique suitable for all interpreters, which is sometimes
used instead of the full inversion process. It also provides results to which all inversion results should be
compared.
Crossplot Utility
• Horizon selection - You can now select horizons from the Display Elements Manager to constrain crossplots
in 2D Canvas and 3D Canvas.
• Setting crossplot properties - You can now set the display of the crossplot with a user-defined symbol and a
scalable or fixed symbol size.There is a new Crossplot Properties dialog box that is accessed by right clicking
in the Display Elements on the crossplot or in the crossplot display and selecting Properties. These new
options enable you to better view the crossplot, especially when working in multi-plot mode.
• Setting polygon color - A new option enables you to set the color for polygons by right-clicking on the
polygon in the Display Elements or in the Crossplot display and selecting Change Color. You can also set the
properties of the polygon display, meaning the line thickness and style by right-clicking on the polygon and
selecting Properties.
FastVel and AVAZ Inversion
The main enhancements in FastVel and AVAZ Inversion relate to improvements of input data by re-binning, and
improvements of algorithm to work on a limited number of azimuth sectors. Additional improvements were also
included:
• Improved algorithm of on the fly sectorization (re-binning) of EarthStudy 360 gathers.
• Added a Use Averaging option for the sectorization (re-binning) process, to further improve binning. Re-
binning can reduce aliasing noise apparent on EarthStudy 360 gathers and help reduce artifacts on FastVel
and AVAZ Inversion.

• Enable FastVel and AVAZ Inversion work on re-binned data - In previous versions, FastVel and AVAZ
Inversion always worked directly on the original (spiral) gathers, so the benefits of data enhancement due to
partial stacking was not available. For this purpose, the sectorization was moved from the panel right-click
menu to the Precondition Parameters dialog box.
• Improved algorithm for FastVel and AVAZ Inversion on Multi Azimuth sector data - Now even three
sectors can be used for the analysis.
• Added a new preconditioning operation Azimuth-angle Mute that enables you to specify angle-azimuth zones
which you want to mute. This is a very important enhancement because often when working with 3D gathers
some zones may be very noisy which may bias the data, as this is not random noise related to azimuth.
• FastVel algorithm was improved by improving the algorithm of internal interpolations of azimuths.
• Improved algorithm to avoid getting points with “negative ”.
• New reliability constraints were added to FastVel. This greatly helps the user to control reliably thresholds.
• Reliably thresholds were added to AVAZ Inversion.
• FastVel algorithm was enhanced with two more parameters: Extra Iterations - which allows more iterations
after updating the thresholds, and Automatic Stop, which allows the program to stop iterations automatically
and possibly save computation time.
• New Preconditioning module Mute by Continuity. This is an automatic mute procedure applied based on
event continuity. Discontinues parts of the data will be muted.
• Enable mute on sectored data.
• GUI was improved with more parameters consistency and hints.
• Improved algorithm of extract along horizon to be better suitable for azimuths extraction (azimuth are cyclic so
averaging of values gave wrong results when extracting azimuth maps).
• Generation and display of fracture intensity vector maps has been greatly improved. See “Mapping” on
page 46.
Geostatistical Volume/Section Creation
• The Geostatistical Section Creation and Geostatistical Volume Creation applications have been combined into
a single user interface redesigned to improve usability by enabling you to create a geostatistical volume or
section in one application. The application is now called Geostatistical Volume/Section Creation.
• The Semivariogram user interface has been improved to include axies unit information and label. Values in
axes are now represented as follows, for example: 10000000 is represented as 1E7 or 1*10^7.
Prestack Maximum Likelihood Inversion (PMLI)
Paradigm 15 provides a big improvement to PMLI. Users can now input different wavelets per angle. PMLI will
provide the angle range it requires. Each wavelet will be scaled by its scaling factor.

Spectrum Analysis
• New feature when Auto Apply is on in the Spectrum Analysis tool - When you capture a polygon to
display seismic spectrum calculated in it, and then move to another line, the previous spectrum is dynamically
replaced by the spectrum of the same projected polygon on the new line shown. Since the spectrum works on
prestack seismic also, then in 3D Canvas what causes this dynamic change is the offset/angle plane slicing.
When it is changed (by animation or any other action) the spectrum will be dynamically updated.
• A new Load Spectrum from a File button enables you to load a spectrum from a file in which it was previously
saved.
• New Linear Line tool - You click and drag the mouse to draw a linear line, then double click to finish drawing.
The line properties are then shown in a Linear Relationship Data table. You can use the table to add or edit
your linear lines.
Well Log Window
See “Well Log Window” on page 48.
Shared Applications
• “BaseMap” on page 46
• “Section” on page 47
• “Seismic Attributes (Add-on)” on page 50
• “Vertical Functions” on page 47
Fixed Problems
2D Canvas
• Issues encountered when using angle stacks as inputs for gather conditioning have been fixed. AVO Inversion
now works on angle stacks, on the fly and in batch.
Automatic Residual Velocity Analysis
• Anisotropic analysis of time migrated azimuth sectors now gives proper Delta Alpha values.
• Applying of anisotropic volumes on data.

• The Save Preconditioned Gather option now saves all gathers.
• Amplitude, Semblance and Sparse picking in FastVel now correctly affects the analysis.
FastVel and AVAZ Inversion
• The history file in FastVel now stores the anisotropy parameters.
• Fixed a problem that AVAZ Inversion using background constraints provided results only between 0-90
degrees.
• Fixed a problem in reliability calculation, for minimum possible reliability.
• In the interactive mode, anisotropic curves are no longer displayed outside the reliability zone (no
interpolations and extrapolations). Interpolation through non-reliable zones used to cause bias in the data.
• Sparse picking now affects analysis of gathers in FastVel.
• Amplitude and Semblance thresholds now affect analysis of gathers in FastVel.
• You can now save preconditioned gathers of time migrated merged sectors.
Prestack Maximum Likelihood Inversion (PMLI)
• PMLI amplitude factor for wavelet is now saved in workflow parameters.
Well Log Window
• The Save Log option now offers the possibility to increment the log version.

Well Planning and Drilling
Sysdrill Designer

• You can now edit drilling project settings and wellbore default planning parameters in the Settings tab in the
DDS Well Editor dialog box. The name of the tab has been changed from Details to Settings.
• The new Name well list in the DDS Well Editor dialog box enables you to select a different well to edit without
opening additional instances of the DDS Well Editor. To populate the well list, [Ctrl]/click or [Shift]/click to select
multiple wells in the Display Elements Manager, then right-click and select Edit to open the DDS Well Editor.
You can use the green Previous and Next buttons to move between wells in the editor or select a well from the
Name list.
• When duplicating a well, you can now define the offset using the new Distance and Direction (from North)
fields in the Duplicate Target dialog box.
• In the Section window, you can now edit DDS objects using Drilling menu options and Well Design object
context menus. Interactive picking of objects is not supported in the Section window. In the BaseMap window,
picking has been disabled for casings, intervals, and comments.

Known Issues
A list of known issues for Paradigm 15 is available from the Paradigm Customer Support Portal at
www.pdgm.com/support.

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Published May 25, 2015

Paradigm® 15 Release Notes iii

iv Release Notes Paradigm® 15

The following products are included in Paradigm 15:

• EarthStudy 360®- Full azimuth imaging and characterization

• Echos®- Seismic data processing

• Explorer™ - Time-to-depth conversion

• GeoDepth®- Velocity determination, modeling and imaging

• Geolog®- Formation evaluation

• GeoSec® 2D - Structural restoration, balancing and forward modeling

• Probe®- Amplitude versus offset/angle analysis and interpretation

• SeisEarth® - Multi-survey regional to prospect interpretation

• SKUA-GOCAD™ - Integrated earth modeling

• StratEarth®- Geologic interpretation

• Stratimagic®- Seismic facies classification

• Sysdrill® Designer - Embedded well planning

• Vanguard®- Seismic inversion and property determination

• VoxelGeo®- Voxel-volume interpretation

• WAM - Web Asset Manager

Paradigm® 15 Release Notes 1

2 Release Notes Paradigm® 15

• Intel x64 architecture processors (x86_64)

• 64-bit Windows 8.1 and above

• 64-bit Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.3 and above

• 64-bit Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.0 and above

License Manager Requirements

Paradigm® 15 Release Notes 3

Epos Data Management

New Features and Enhancements

Coordinate System Service (CSS)

Epos Applications Control Panel

4 Release Notes Paradigm® 15

Interpretation Data Manager

Paradigm Session Manager

• Prestack Interpreter (Accessories tab) has been phased out.

Paradigm® 15 Release Notes 5

• The Epos Connector plug-in has been ported to Petrel1 2014.

• Paradigm 15 services support starting services when Kerberos authentication is used.

1. Petrel is seismic to simulation software available from Schlumberger.

6 Release Notes Paradigm® 15

Vertical Function Data Manager

Paradigm® 15 Release Notes 7

8 Release Notes Paradigm® 15

Well Data Servers

Recall 5.4 Well Server

• This is the initial release built with Paradigm 15 Services.

GeoFrame 2012 Well Server

OpenWorks R5000.8.1 and R5000.8.3 Well Server

OpenWorks R5000.10.1 Well Server

Paradigm® 15 Release Notes 9

• NAN values are now honored when importing well markers.

Epos Applications Control Panel

• On Windows machines, the command line PG_epos_relocate_data_paths now updates the

Coordinate System Service (CSS)

10 Release Notes Paradigm® 15

Seismic Data Manager

• When copying linked 2D files, Seismic Data Manager no longer crashes.

• Base Synthetics is included in GeoDepth licenses.

Paradigm® 15 Release Notes 11

Well Data Manager

Well Data Servers