1

BO15-003.xmcd

ABB AB Rapport
R BO15-003
Report Reg Sida - Page
Från - From Datum - Date
Författare - Author 1/26
PPHB/BOD 2015-02-09 Ordernr - Ref.No.
Ulf Åkesson
Utredning, teoretisk
X undersökning -Analysis,
Godkännare - Approv ed by theoretical investigation
Tom my Borg
Slutrapport
X Final report
Antal textsidor - No of text pages
LTB145D1 24
Load combinations Antal bilagor - No of supplements
2
Breaker type: LTB72,5D1 3-pole FSA
Dim ension print: 1HSBDG00001-329
Zone: 0.5 g according to IEEE 693 2005
________________________________________________________________________________
Sammanfattning - Summary

Load com binations calculation is carried out according to IEC 62155 and IEEE 693 2005.
TThe circuit breaker is equipped with porcelain insulators and ηsupport fram e.
LC1: Design pressure 100%, Mass 100%, Normal wind 30%, Static term inal load 100%
and Impact at operation 100%.
Extrem e load cases:
LC2: Design Pressure 100%, Mass 100%, Ice load 100%, Norm al wind 110%, Static terminal load 100%
and Impact at operation 100%.
LC3: Design Pressure 100%, Mass 100%, High wind 100%, Static terminal load 100%
and Impact at operation 100%.
LC4: Design Pressure 100%, Mass 100%, Short circuit load 100%, Normal wind 100%, Static term inal
load 100% and Im pact at operation 100%.
LC5: Design Pressure 100%, Mass 100%, Earthquake load 100%, Norm al wind 10%, Static terminal
load 100 % and Impact at operation 100 %.

Basic loads:
Horizontal earthquake acceleration 0.5 g Short circuit current 40 kA Norm al wind 34 m/s
Static term inal loads according to IEC Ice 20 mm High wind 46 m/s
Maximum bending moment on the post insulator occurs under short circuit condition and
maximum bending moment on the support frame occurs under earthquake condition:
Calculated Minim um Safety factor Allowed IEEE 693 2005
bending moment failing load Calculated For com bined loads
Nm Nm
M
3 3 1
Breaking chamber M5x = 3.8 ´ 10 M = 11.0 ´ 10 = 2.9 SE = 2.0
1 1 M5x 1
2732 2118-BL 1
M
2
3 3 = 2
Post insulator M4y = 10.0 ´ 10 M = 20.0 ´ 10 M4y SS = 2.0
2 2 2 2
1HSB422732-G
M
3 3 3
Support fram e M5x = 39.2 ´ 10 M = 100.0 ´ 10 = 2.6 SE = 1.5
3 3 M5x 3
1HSB425422-VP 3
Maximum foundation load occurs under earthquake condition:
Bending mom ent Transversal forces Vertical f orce
Nm Direction x N Direction y N N
3 3 3 3
Foundation M5x = 39.2 ´ 10 T5x = 12.8 ´ 10 T5y = 12.1 ´ 10 T5z = 21.3 ´ 10
3 3 3 3
Result:
The breaker is well suited to withstand above specified combined loads.
 2

BO15-003.xmcd

Content:

1 Introduction

2 Specification of equipment

3 Individual mechanical loads

3.1 Dead weight
3.2 Dead weight from ice load on conductor
3.3 Dead weight from ice load on breaker
3.4 Design pressure according to IEC 62155
3.5 Normal wind load on equipm ent
3.6 High wind load on equipm ent
3.7 Normal wind load on conductor without ice
3.8 Normal wind load on ice loaded conductor
3.9 High wind load on conductor
3.10 Static terminal load
3.11 Im pact load due to operation
3.12 Short circuit load transversal to conductor
3.13 Earthquake load

4 Load combinations

5 Summary of calculated loads

6 Calculation of safety factors for insulators and support frame

7 Foundation load

8 Foundation bolts

Appendix 1 - Dimension print 1HSBDG00001-329

Appendix 2 - General dimensions used in calculation
 3

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1 Introduction

Load com binations calculation is carried out according to:

IEC 62155 and IEEE 693 2005.
The different m echanical loads on the circuit-breaker are individually calculated and after that combined into
actual load combinations.

The following load combinations are considered.

Norm al load case:
LC1: Design pressure 100%, Mass 100%, Normal wind 30%, Static term inal load 100%
and Impact at operation 100%.

Extrem e load cases:

LC2: Design Pressure 100%, Mass 100%, Ice load 100%, Norm al wind 110%, Static terminal load 100%
and Impact at operation 100%.
LC3: Design Pressure 100%, Mass 100%, High wind 100%, Static terminal load 100%
and Impact at operation 100%.
LC4: Design Pressure 100%, Mass 100%, Short circuit load 100%, Normal wind 100%, Static term inal
load 50% and Im pact at operation 100%.
LC5: Design Pressure 100%, Mass 100%, Earthquake load 100%, Norm al wind 10%, Static terminal
load 70% and im pact at operation 100%.

Specified mechanical loads:

v = 34 m /s Norm al wind

vh = 46 m /s High wind

t = 20 mm Ice thickness

Fthy = 750 N Static horizontal terminal load transversal to line

Fthx = 1250 N Static horizontal terminal load along line

Ftz = 1000 N Static vertical terminal load

Fyimp = 1000 N Horizontal load at operation

Fzimp = 12000 N Vertical load at operation

Isc = 40 kA Short circuit current

ahr = 16.00 m /s2 Horizontal earthquake acceleration

Based on 0.5 g horizontal acceleration and damping
of critical dam ping ζ=0.02.

2 Specification of equipment.

Circuit-breaker of type: LTB72,5D1 3-pole operated with FSA mechanism

Dim ension print: 1HSBDG00001-329 See appendix 1 and 2.
 4

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3 Individual mechanical loads

3.1 Dead weight

m = 138 kgs 1 Breaking unit

1

m = 112 kgs 1 Post insulator

2

m = 177 kgs Link gear

3

m = 170 kgs Operating mechanism

4

m = 160 kgs 1 Support frame

5

Total dead weight affecting one support frame

2 æ mi × 3 ö 4 m
å å
i
mtot := ç ÷+ +m
è 2 ø 2 5
i=1 i=3

2
mtot = 7.1 ´ 10 kgs Total dead weight

Centre of gravities according to appendix 2.

h = 4.499 m Height to centre of gravity of breaking unit

1

h = 3.117 m Height to centre of gravity of post isolator

2

h = 2.298 m Height to centre of gravity of link gear

3

h = 1.702 m Height to centre of gravity of operating mechanism

4

h = 1.103 m Height to centre of gravity of support fram e

5

3.2 Dead weight from ice load on conductor according to IEC 62271-1

Lc = 1.3 m Length of conductor bound to equipment

Dc = 100 mm Diameter of conductor

t = 20 mm Thickness of ice

QI := π× éë( Dc + t) - Dc ùû × 10
2 2 -6
× 900× t N/m Ice load

Qicez := QI× Lc× 2 N Ice load on terminals

Qicez = 646.9 N Vertical load from ice on term inal of one breaker pole
 5

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3.3 Dead weight from ice load on breaker according to IEC 62271-1

Extra weight in kgs due to ice:

mice =
i = i
1 23.2 Ice on one breaking unit
2 24.1 Ice on one post insulator
3 33.4 Ice on pole beam
4 50.5
Ice on operating m echanism
5 67.7
Ice on one support fram e

3.4 Design Pressure according to IEC 62155

5
Pdes = 7 ´ 10 Pa Design pressure

p =
1 Breaking cham ber insulator
2 Post insulator

Ds = m Sealing diam eter

p
0.200
0.160

Do = m Outer diam eter

p
0.225
0.190

Di = m Inner diameter
p
0.175
0.130

(× Dop)2 + (Dip)2
( p)
π 2
Mdes := Pdes × × Ds
p 32 Do
p

Mdes = 993 Nm Equivalent bending moment on breaking chamber insulator due to design
1
pressure
Mdes = 491 Nm Equivalent bending moment on post insulator due to design pressure
2
 6

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3.5 Normal wind load on equipment

v = 34 m /s Norm al wind speed

cc := 0.9 Drag factor, cyli ndrical surface

cp := 1.3 Drag factor, flat surf ace

A = 0.40 m2 Frontal area of breaking unit

1

A = 0.33 m2 Frontal area of post insulator

2

A = 0.77 m2 Frontal area of link gear

3

A = 0.58 m2 Frontal area of operating mechanism

4

A = 0.37 m2 Frontal area of support fram e

5

B = 0.41 m2 Side area of breaking unit

1

B = 0.33 m2 Side area of post insulator

2

B = 0.10 m2 Side area of link gear

3

B = 0.48 m2 Side area of operating mechanism

4

B = 0.49 m2 Side area of support fram e

5

Load due to normal wind [X direction]:

2
Qwx := 0.625× v × A × cc
1 1
2
Qwx := 0.625× v × A × cc
2 2
2
Qwx := 0.625× v × A × cp
3 3
2
Qwx := 0.625× v × A × cp
4 4
2
Qwx := 0.625× v × A × cp
5 5

Qwx = 262 N Load in X direction on one breaking unit due to normal wind
1

Qwx = 217 N Load in X direction on one post insulator due to normal wind
2

Qwx = 723 N Load in X direction on link gear due to normal wind

3

Qwx = 545 N Load in X direction on operating mechanism due to

4
normal wind
Qwx = 348 N Load in X direction on one support fram e due to normal wind
5
 7

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Load due to normal wind [Y direction]:

2
Qwy := 0.625× v × B × cc
1 1
2
Qwy := 0.625× v × B × cc
2 2
2
Qwy := 0.625× v × B × cp
3 3
2
Qwy := 0.625× v × B × cp
4 4
2
Qwy := 0.625× v × B × cp
5 5

Qwy = 267 N Load in Y direction on one breaking unit due to normal wind
1

Qwy = 217 N Load in Y direction on one post insulator due to normal wind
2

Qwy = 94 N Load in Y direction on link gear due to norm al wind

3

Qwy = 451 N Load in Y direction on operating mechanism due to

4
normal wind
Qwy = 460 N Load in Y direction on one support fram e due to norm al wind
5

Heights to locations where loads on the equipm ent will be calculated

L = 5.204 m Height to upper terminal

0

L = 3.837 m Height to bottom of breaking unit

1

L = 2.417 m Height to bottom of post insulator

2
 8

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Bending mom ent due to normal wind [X direction]:

1 ( 1 1)
Mwx := Qwx × h - L
1

Mwx := Qwx × (h - L ) + Qwx × ( h - L )

2 1 1 2 2 2 2
2
æ Qwx × h × 3 ö +
4 æ Qwxi × hi ö
Mwx :=
3 å ç
è i i 2÷
ø å ç
è 2 ø
÷ + Qwx5× h5
i=1 i=3

Mwx = 173 Nm Bending mom ent in X direction on one breaking unit due to
1
normal wind
Mwx = 697 Nm Bending mom ent in X direction on one post insulator due to
2
normal wind

Mwx = 4460 Nm Bending mom ent in X direction on one support fram e due
3
to normal wind

Bending mom ent due to normal wind [Y direction]:

1 ( 1 1)
Mwy := Qwy × h - L
1

Mwy := Qwy × (h - L ) + Qwy × ( h - L )

2 1 1 2 2 2 2
2
æ Qwy × h × 3 ö +
4 æ Qwyi × hi ö
Mwy :=
3 å ç
è i i 2÷
ø å ç
è 2 ø
÷ + Qwy5× h5
i=1 i=3

Mwy = 177 Nm Bending mom ent in Y direction on one breaking unit due to
1
normal wind
Mwy = 707 Nm Bending mom ent in Y direction on one post insulator due to
2
normal wind
Mwy = 3813 Nm Bending mom ent in Y direction on one support f ram e due
3
to normal wind
 9

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3.6 High wind load on equipment

Load due to high wind [X direction]:
2
Qwhx := 0.625× vh × A × cc
1 1
2
Qwhx := 0.625× vh × A × cc
2 2
2
Qwhx := 0.625× vh × A × cp
3 3
2
Qwhx := 0.625× vh × A × cp
4 4
2
Qwhx := 0.625× vh × A × cp
5 5

Qwhx = 479 N Load in X direction on one breaking unit due to high wind
1

Qwhx = 397 N Load in X direction on one post insulator due to

2
high wind
Qwhx = 1324 N Load in X direction on link gear due to high wind
3

Qwhx = 997 N Load in X direction on operating mechanism due to

4
high wind
Qwhx = 636 N Load in X direction on one support fram e due to high wind
5

Load due to high wind [Y direction]:

2
Qwhy := 0.625× vh × B × cc
1 1
2
Qwhy := 0.625× vh × B × cc
2 2
2
Qwhy := 0.625× vh × B × cc
3 3
2
Qwhy := 0.625× vh × B × cp
4 4
2
Qwhy := 0.625× vh × B × cp
5 5

Qwhy = 488 N Load in Y direction on one breaking unit due to high wind
1

Qwhy = 397 N Load in Y direction on one post insulator due to

2
high wind
Qwhy = 119 N Load in Y direction on link gear due to high wind
3

Qwhy = 825 N Load in Y direction on operating mechanism due to

4
high wind
Qwhy = 842 N Load in Y direction on one support fram e due to high wind
5
 10

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Heights to locations where loads on the equipm ent will be calculated

L = 5.204 m Height to upper terminal

0

L = 3.837 m Height to bottom of breaking unit

1

L = 2.417 m Height to bottom of post insulator

2

Bending mom ent due to high wind [X direction]:

1 ( 1 1)
Mwhx := Qwhx × h - L
1

Mwhx := Qwhx × ( h - L ) + Qwhx × ( h - L )

2 1 1 2 2 2 2
2
æ Qwhx × h × 3 ö +
4 æ Qwhxi × hi ö
Mwhx :=
3 å ç
è 1 i 2÷
ø å ç
è 2
÷ + Qwhx5× h5
ø
i=1 i=3

Mwhx = 317 Nm Bending mom ent in X direction on one breaking unit due to
1
high wind
Mwhx = 1276 Nm Bending mom ent in X direction on one post insulator due to
2
high wind
Mwhx = 8547 Nm Bending mom ent in X direction on one support fram e due
3
to high wind

Bending mom ent due to high wind [Y direction]:

1 ( 1 1)
Mwhy := Qwhy × h - L
1

Mwhy := Qwhy × ( h - L ) + Qwhy × (h - L )

2 1 1 2 2 2 2
2
æ Qwhy × h × 3 ö +
4 æ Qwhyi × hi ö
Mwhy :=
3 å ç
è i i 2÷
ø å ç
è 2 ø
÷ + Qwhy5× h5
i=1 i=3

Mwhy = 323.1 Nm Bending mom ent in Y direction on one breaking unit due to
1
high wind
Mwhy = 1294 Nm Bending mom ent in Y direction on one post insulator due to
2
high wind
Mwhy = 6920 Nm Bending mom ent in Y direction on one support f ram e due
3
to high wind
 11

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3.7 Normal wind load on conductor without ice

v = 34 m /s Norm al wind

cc = 0.9 Drag factor, cyli ndrical surface

Ac := Lc× Dc× 0.001× 2

Ac = 0.3 m2 Frontal area of conductor

Transversal load due to normal wind on c onductor:

2
Qwno := .625× v × cc × Ac

Qwno = 169.1 N Norm al wind load on conductor per term inal

Bending mom ent due to normal wind from on conductor:

( 1 1) 2
1
Mwno := Qwno× h - L ×
1

Mwno := Qwno× (h - L )
2 1 2
3
Mwno := Qwno× h ×
3 1 2

Mwno = 56 Nm Bending mom ent in Y direction on one breaking unit due to

1
normal wind on conductor
Mwno = 352 Nm Bending mom ent in Y direction on one post insulator due to
2
normal wind on conductor
Mwno = 1141 Nm Bending mom ent in Y direction on one support f ram e due
3
to normal wind on conductor
 12

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3.8 Normal wind load on ice loaded conductor

v = 34 m /s Norm al wind
cc = 0.9 Drag factor, cyli ndrical surface

Ac := Lc× ( Dc× 0.001 + t× 0.001) × 2

Ac = 0.3 m2 Frontal area of conductor

Transversal load due to normal wind on iced conductor:

2
Qwice := .625× v × cc× Ac N Norm al wind load on iced conductor

Qwice = 202.9

Bending mom ent due to normal wind from iced conductor:

( 1 1) 2
1
Mwice := Qwice× h - L ×
1

Mwice := Qwice× ( h - L )
2 1 2
3
Mwice := Qwice× h ×
3 1 2

Mwice = 67.2 Nm Bending mom ent in Y direction on one breaking unit due to
1
normal wind on conductor with ice
Mwice = 422 Nm Bending mom ent in Y direction on one post insulator due to
2
normal wind on conductor with ice
Mwice = 1369 Nm Bending mom ent in Y direction on one support f ram e due
3
to normal wind on conductor with ice
 13

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3.9 High wind load on conductor

At high wind it is considered that no ice loading exists.

vh = 46 m /s High wind

cc = 0.9 Drag factor, cyli ndrical surface

Ach := Lc× Dc× 0.001× 2

Ach = 0.3 m2 Frontal area of conductor

Transversal load due to high wind on c onductor:

2
Qwhno := .625× vh × cc × Ach N High wind load on conductor

Qwhno = 309.5

Bending mom ent due to high wind on conductor:

( 1 1) 2
1
Mwhno := Qwhno× h - L ×
1

Mwhno := Qwhno× ( h - L )
2 1 2
3
Mwhno := Qwhno× h ×
3 1 2

Mwhno = 102 Nm Bending mom ent in Y direction on one breaking unit due to
1
high wind on conductor
Mwhno = 644 Nm Bending mom ent in Y direction on one post insulator due to
2
high wind on conductor
Mwhno = 2088 Nm Bending mom ent in Y direction on one support fram e due
3
to high wind on conductor
 14

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3.10 Static terminal load according to IEC 62271-100

The static terminal load due to weight and type of connection will be added to all load cases.
Static term inal load due to wind and ice are separately calculated in other paragraphs.

Fthy = 750 N Horizontal load transversal to line

Fthx = 1250 N Horizontal load along line

Ftz = 1000 N Vertical load

Lb = 0.255 m Distance from centre line to end of terminal flange

Bending mom ent along line due to static term inal load:

( 0 1) + Ftz× Lb
MFthx := Fthx× L - L
1

MFthx := Fthx× (L - L ) + Ftz× Lb

2 0 2

MFthx := ( Fthx× L + Ftz× Lb) ×

3
3 0 2

MFthx = 1964 Nm Bending mom ent in X direction on one breaking unit due to
1
static terminal load
MFthx = 3739 Nm Bending mom ent in X direction on one post insulator due to
2
static terminal load
3
MFthx = 10.140 ´ 10 Nm Bending mom ent in X direction on one support fram e due to
3
static terminal load

Bending mom ent transversal to line due to static terminal load:

( 0 1)
MFthy := Fthy× L - L
1

MFthy := Fthy× ( L - L )
2 0 2
3
MFthy := Fthy× L ×
3 0 2

MFthy = 1025 Nm Bending mom ent in Y direction on one breaking unit due to
1
static terminal load
MFthy = 2090 Nm Bending mom ent in Y direction on one post insulator due to
2
static terminal load
MFthy = 5855 Nm Bending mom ent in Y direction on one support fram e due to
3
static terminal load
 15

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3.11 Im pact load due to operation

The bending mom ent at the support frame and bottom of post insulator due to operational impact
is added to all load com binations.
Fyimp = 1000 N Horizontal force at operation

Fzimp = 12000 N Vertical f orce at operat ion

Mimp = 1500 Nm Bending mom ent on structure at operation

3.12 Short circuit load transversal to conductor

The electromagnetic force between interrupters is calculated by the following formula:

K := 2.95 Engineering factor

Isc = 40 kArms Max. three phase fault current

Lph = 1.500 m Spacing between phases

a := 1 Support factor

(
Lsc := L - L
0 1 ) + Lb×2 + Lc×2 m Interrupter length and part of conductor length

2
Isc
Fscy := 0.2 × K× × a× Lsc N Electromagnetic force on equipm ent
Lph

Fscy = 2818

Bending mom ent due to short circuit:

hsc = 4.5 m Height to centre of conductor under short circuit

(
Mscy := Fscy× hsc - L
1 1)

Mscy := Fscy× (hsc - L )

2 2

Mscy = 1865 Nm Bending mom ent in X direction on one breaking unit due to
1
short circuit load
Mscy = 5866 Nm Bending mom ent in X direction on one post insulator due to
2
short circuit load
 16

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3.13 Earthquake load

fnatural = 2.8 Hz Fundamental m ode

ζ = 0.02 Damping of critical dam ping

ah = 5.0 m /s2 Horizontal acceleration

av = 2.5 m /s2 Vertical acceleration

ahr = 16.00 m /s2 Horizontal acceleration response

avr = 8.00 m /s2 Vertical acceleration response

Load on each mass due to horizontal earthquake acceleration:

Feh := ahr × m
i i

Load on each mass due to vertical earthquake acceleration:

Fev := avr × m
i i

Bending mom ent due to earthquake acceleration:

Meh := Feh × h - L
1 1 (1 1 )
Meh := Feh × h - L
2 1 (1 2 ) + Feh2×(h2 - L2)
2
æ Feh × h × 3 ö +
4 æ Fehi × hi ö
Meh :=
3 å ç i i 2÷
è ø å ç
è 2 ø
÷ + Feh5× h5
i=1 i=3

Meh = 1462 Nm Bending mom ent on one breaking unit due to

1
horizontal earthquake acceleration
Meh = 5851 Nm Bending mom ent in on one post insulator due to
2
horizontal earthquake acceleration
3
Meh = 31.672 ´ 10 Nm Bending mom ent in on one support fram e due to
3
horizontal earthquake acceleration
 17

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4 Load combinations

LC1 (see definition clause1):

Horizontal loads [X direction]:

T1x := Qwx × 0.3 + Fthx
1 1

T1x := T1x + Qwx × 0.3

2 1 2
Qwx + Qwx
3 æ 3 4 ö
T1x := T1x × + ç + Qwx ÷ × 0.3
3 2 2
è 2 5
ø

Horizontal loads [Y direction]:

(
T1y := Qwy + Qwno × 0.3 + Fthy
1 1 )
T1y := T1y + Qwy × 0.3
2 1 2

3 æ Qwy + Qwy 3 4 ö
T1y := T1y × + ç + Qwy ÷ × 0.3 + Fyimp
3 2 2
è 2 ø
5

Bending moment [X direction]:

M1x := Mdes + Mwx × 0.3 + MFthx
1 1 1 1

M1x := Mdes + Mwx × 0.3 + MFthx

2 2 2 2

M1x := Mwx × 0.3 + MFthx

3 3 3

Bending moment [Y direction]:

1 (
M1y := Mdes + Mwy + Mwno × 0.3 + MFthy
1 1 1 ) 1

2 (
M1y := Mdes + Mwy + Mwno × 0.3 + MFthy + Mimp
2 2 2 ) 2

3 (
M1y := Mwy + Mwno × 0.3 + MFthy + Mimp
3 3 ) 3

Vertical loads [Z direction]:

T1z := m × 9.81 + Ftz
1 1

T1z := T1z + m × 9.81

2 1 2
4 æ mi × 9.81 ö
å
3
T1z := T1z × + ç ÷ + m5× 9.81 + Fzimp
3 2 2
è 2 ø
i=3
 18

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LC2 (see definition clause1):

Horizontal loads [X direction]:

T2x := Qwx × 1.1 + Fthx
1 1

T2x := T2x + Qwx × 1.1

2 1 2

3 æ Qwx + Qwx 3 4 ö
T2x := T2x × + ç + Qwx ÷ × 1.1
3 2 2
è 2 ø
5

Horizontal loads [Y direction]:

(
T2y := Qwy + Qwice × 1.1 + Fthy
1 1 )
T2y := T2y + Qwy × 1.1
2 1 2
Qwy + Qwy
3 æ 3 4 ö
T2y := T2y × + ç + Qwy ÷ × 1.1 + Fyimp
3 2 2
è 2 5
ø

Bending moment [X direction]:

M2x := Mdes + Mwx × 1.1 + MFthx
1 1 1 1

M2x := Mdes + Mwx × 1.1 + MFthx

2 2 2 2

M2x := Mwx × 1.1 + MFthx

3 3 3

Bending moment [Y direction]:

1 (
M2y := Mdes + Mwy + Mwice × 1.1 + MFthy
1 1 1 ) 1

2 (
M2y := Mdes + Mwy + Mwice × 1.1 + MFthy + Mimp
2 2 2 ) 2

3 (
M2y := Mwy + Mwice × 1.1 + MFthy + Mimp
3 3 ) 3

Vertical loads [Z direction]:

1 (
T2z := m + mice × 9.81 + Qicez + Ftz
1 1 )
T2z := T2z + m + mice × 9.81
2 1 ( 2 2 )
4 é ( mi + micei ) × 9.81ù
ú + ( m5 + mice5) × 9.81 + Fzimp
å
3
T2z := T2z × + ê
3 2 2
ë 2 û
i=3
 19

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LC3 (see definition clause1):

Horizontal loads [X direction]:

T3x := Qwhx + Fthx
1 1

T3x := T3x + Qwhx

2 1 2
Qwhx + Qwhx
3 3 4
T3x := T3x × + + Qwhx
3 2 2 2 5

Horizontal loads [Y direction]:

T3y := Qwhy + Qwhno + Fthy
1 1

T3y := T3y + Qwhy

2 1 2
Qwhy + Qwhy
3 3 4
T3y := T3y × + + Qwhy + Fyimp
3 2 2 2 5

Bending moment [X direction]:

M3x := Mdes + Mwhx + MFthx
1 1 1 1

M3x := Mdes + Mwhx + MFthx

2 2 2 2

M3x := Mwhx + MFthx

3 3 3

Bending moment [Y direction]:

M3y := Mdes + Mwhy + Mwhno + MFthy
1 1 1 1 1

M3y := Mdes + Mwhy + Mwhno + MFthy + Mimp

2 2 2 2 2

M3y := Mwhy + Mwhno + MFthy + Mimp

3 3 3 3

Vertical loads [Z direction]:

T3z := m × 9.81 + Ftz
1 1

T3z := T3z + m × 9.81

2 1 2
4 æ mi × 9.81 ö
å
3
T3z := T3z × + ç ÷ + m5× 9.81 + Fzimp
3 2 2
è 2 ø
i=3
 20

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LC4 (see definition clause1):

Horizontal loads [X direction]:

T4x := Qwx + Fthx× 0.5
1 1

T4x := T4x + Qwx

2 1 2
Qwx + Qwx
3 3 4
T4x := T4x × + + Qwx
3 2 2 2 5

Horizontal loads [Y direction]:

T4y := Qwy + Qwno + Fthy× 0.5 + Fscy
1 1

T4y := T4y + Qwy

2 1 2
Qwy + Qwy
3 3 4
T4y := T4y × + + Qwy + Fyimp
3 2 2 2 5

Bending moment [X direction]:

M4x := Mdes + Mwx + MFthx × 0.5
1 1 1 1

M4x := Mdes + Mwx + MFthx × 0.5

2 2 2 2

M4x := Mwx + MFthx × 0.5

3 3 3

Bending moment [Y direction]:

M4y := Mdes + Mwy + Mwno + MFthy × 0.5 + Mscy
1 1 1 1 1 1

M4y := Mdes + Mwy + Mwno + MFthy × 0.5 + Mscy + Mimp

2 2 2 2 2 2

M4y := Mwy + Mwno + MFthy × 0.5 + Mimp

3 3 3 3

Vertical loads [Z direction]:

T4z := m × 9.81 + Ftz× 0.5
1 1

T4z := T4z + m × 9.81

2 1 2
4 æ mi × 9.81 ö
å
3
T4z := T4z × + ç ÷ + m5× 9.81 + Fzimp
3 2 2
è 2 ø
i=3
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LC5 (see definition clause1):

Horizontal loads [X direction]:

T5x := Qwx × 0.1 + Fthx× 0.7 + Feh
1 1 1

T5x := T5x + Qwx × 0.1 + Feh

2 1 2 2
4 æ Qwxi × 0.1 ö 4 Feh
å å
3 i
T5x := T5x × + ç ÷ + Qwx5× 0.1 + + Feh
3 2 2
è 2 ø 2 5
i=3 i=3

Horizontal loads [Y direction]:

1 (
T5y := Qwy + Qwno × 0.1 + Fthy× 0.7 + Feh
1 ) 1

T5y := T5y + Qwy × 0.1 + Feh

2 1 2 2

é 2 æ Qwyi × 3 ö 4 Qwy ù
ê + Qwy + Qwnoú × 0.1 + Fthy× 0.7 ...
å å
i
T5y := ç ÷ +
3 ê è 2 ø 2 5 ú
ëi = 1 i=3 û
2
é 2 æ Fehi × 3 ö 4 Feh ù
+ ê + Feh ú + Fyimp
å å
i
ç ÷+ 2
ê è 2 ø 2 5ú
ëi = 1 i= 3 û
Bending moment [X direction]:
M5x := Mdes + Mwx × 0.1 + MFthx × 0.7 + Meh
1 1 1 1 1

M5x := Mdes + Mwx × 0.1 + MFthx × 0.7 + Meh

2 2 2 2 2

M5x := Mwx × 0.1 + MFthx × 0.7 + Meh

3 3 3 3

Bending moment [Y direction]:

1 (
M5y := Mdes + Mwy + Mwno × 0.1 + MFthy × 0.7 + Meh
1 1 1 ) 1 1

2 2 (
M5y := Mdes + Mwy + Mwno × 0.1 + MFthy × 0.7 +
2 2 ) 2 (Meh2)2 + Mimp2
3 (
M5y := Mwy + Mwno × 0.1 + MFthy × 0.7 +
3 3 ) 3 (Meh3)2 + Mimp2
Vertical loads [Z direction]:
T5z := m × 9.81 + Ftz× 0.7 + Fev
1 1 1

T5z := T5z + m × 9.81 + Fev

2 1 2 2

é 2 æ mi × 3 ö 4 æ mi ö ù
ê ç ÷ + m5ú × 9.81 + Ftz× 3 × 0.7 ...
T5z :=
3 ê å ç
è 2 ø
÷+ å è2 ø ú 2
ëi = 1 i=3 û
2
é 2 æ Fevi × 3 ö 4 Fev ù
ê + Fev ú + Fzimp
å å
i
+ ç ÷ +
2
ê è 2 ø 2 5ú
ëi = 1 i=3 û
 22

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5 Summary of calculated loads

Horizontal loads [N]: k := 1 , 2 .. 3

Norm al Ice High Short Earth-
X
wind wind circuit quake
T1x = T2x = T3x = T4x = T5x =
k= k k k k k
1 1.3·103 1.5·103 1.7·103 886.9 3.1·103
2 1.4·103 1.8·103 2.1·103 1.1·103 4.9·103
3 2.4·103 3.7·103 5.0·103 2.6·103 12.8·103

Norm al Ice High Short Earth-

Y
wind wind circuit quake
T1y = T2y = T3y = T4y = T5y =
k= k k k k k
1 880.7 1.3·103 1.5·103 3.6·103 2.8·103
2 945.8 1.5·103 1.9·103 3.8·103 4.6·103
3 2.6·103 4.1·103 5.2·103 7.5·103 12.1·103

Bending moment [Nm]:

Norm al Ice High Short Earth-
X
wind wind circuit quake
M1x = M2x = M3x = M4x = M5x =
k= k k k k k
1 3.0·103 3.1·103 3.3·103 2.1·103 3.8·103
2 4.4·103 5.0·103 5.5·103 3.1·103 9.0·103
3 11.5·103 15.0·103 18.7·103 9.5·103 39.2·103

Norm al Ice High Short Earth-

Y
wind wind circuit quake
M1y = M2y = M3y = M4y = M5y =
k= k k k k k
1 2.1·103 2.3·103 2.4·103 3.6·103 3.2·103
2 4.4·103 5.3·103 6.0·103 10.0·103 8.1·103
3 8.8·103 13.1·103 16.4·103 9.4·103 36.3·103

Vertical loads [N]:

Norm al Ice High Short Earth-
Z
wind wind circuit quake
T1z = T2z = T3z = T4z = T5z =
k= k k k k k
1 2.4·103 3.2·103 2.4·103 1.9·103 3.2·103
2 3.5·103 4.6·103 3.5·103 3.0·103 5.2·103
3 20.5·103 23.2·103 20.5·103 19.7·103 21.3·103
 23

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6 Calculation of safety factors for insulators and support frame

Minim um failing loads for insulators and support fram e:

3
M = 11.0 ´ 10 Nm Minim um value of breaking cham ber insulator and top of post insulator
1

3
M = 20.0 ´ 10 Nm Post insulator 1HSB422732-G
2

3
M = 100.0 ´ 10 Nm Support fram e 1HSB425422-VP
3

Allowed safety factors according to IEC 62155

Safety factors direction x: IEEE 693 2005

Norm al Ice High Short- Earth- Norm al Ice High Short Earth
wind wind circuit quake wind wind circuit quake

M M M M M
k k k k k
= = = = = SN := SI := SH := SS := SE :=
k= M1x M2x M3x M4x M5x k k k k k
k k k k k
1 3.7 3.5 3.4 5.1 2.9 2.1 1.2 1.2 2.0 2.0
2 4.5 4.0 3.6 6.5 2.2 2.1 1.2 1.2 2.0 2.0
3 8.7 6.6 5.4 10.5 2.6 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.5

Safety factors direction y: Allowed safety factors according to IEC 62155

IEEE 693 2005

Norm al Ice High Short- Earth- Norm al Ice High Short- Earth
wind wind circuit quake wind wind circuit quake

M M M M M
k k k k k
= = = = = SN := SI := SH := SS := SE :=
k= M1y M2y M3y M4y M5y k k k k k
k k k k k
1 5.3 4.8 4.5 3.1 3.4 2.1 1.2 1.2 2.0 2.0
2 4.5 3.8 3.3 2.0 2.5 2.1 1.2 1.2 2.0 2.0
3 11.3 7.7 6.1 10.7 2.8 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.5
 24

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7 Support frame foundation loads

Vertical Horizontal Horizontal Horizontal Horizontal
direction z [N] direction x [N] direction y [N] direction x [Nm] direction y [Nm]
3 3 3 3 3
LC1 T1z = 20.5 ´ 10 T1x = 2.4 ´ 10 T1y = 2.6 ´ 10 M1x = 11.5 ´ 10 M1y = 8.8 ´ 10
3 3 3 3 3

3 3 3 3 3
LC2 T2z = 23.2 ´ 10 T2x = 3.7 ´ 10 T2y = 4.1 ´ 10 M2x = 15.0 ´ 10 M2y = 13.1 ´ 10
3 3 3 3 3

3 3 3 3 3
LC3 T3z = 20.5 ´ 10 T3x = 5.0 ´ 10 T3y = 5.2 ´ 10 M3x = 18.7 ´ 10 M3y = 16.4 ´ 10
3 3 3 3 3

3 3 3 3 3
LC4 T4z = 19.7 ´ 10 T4x = 2.6 ´ 10 T4y = 7.5 ´ 10 M4x = 9.5 ´ 10 M4y = 9.4 ´ 10
3 3 3 3 3

3 3 3 3 3
LC5 T5z = 21.3 ´ 10 T5x = 12.8 ´ 10 T5y = 12.1 ´ 10 M5x = 39.2 ´ 10 M5y = 36.3 ´ 10
3 3 3 3 3

8 Foundation bolts.
Maximum load on support frame foundation bolts:

Tz := Tx := Ty := Mx := My :=
i i i i i

T1z T1x T1y M1x M1y

3 3 3 3 3
T2z T2x T2y M2x M2y
3 3 3 3 3
T3z T3x T3y M3x M3y
3 3 3 3 3
T4z T4x T4y M4x M4y
3 3 3 3 3
T5z T5x T5y M5x M5y
3 3 3 3 3

Axial load and stress for M24 bolts; Load case 1 to 4:

Axial loads [N] Axial stress [N/m m 2] Shear stress X [N/mm 2] Shear stress Y [N/m m 2]

Faz :=
Tz
i
+
(
max Mx , My
i i ) σz :=
Faz
i
τx :=
Tx
i
τy :=
Ty
i
i 4 2× db i 352.490 i π 2 i π 2
× 21.185 × 21.185
4 4
Faz = σz = τx = τy =
i i i i
19.5·103 55.2 6.8 7.5
24.6·103 69.8 10.6 11.5
28.5·103 80.8 14.1 14.8
16.8·103 47.8 7.5 21.3
54.3·103 N 154.2 N/m m 2 36.4 N/m m 2 34.2 N/m m 2

Equivalent stress:

σe :=
i (σzi)2 + 3×éë(τxi)2 + (τyi )2ùû
match( max( σe) , σe) = ( 5 ) Load case that yields the highest load on foundation bolts

max( σe) = 176.8 N/m m 2

For size M24 foundation bolts a material with yield point larger than se shall be used.
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