 Carburetion

The process of breaking up the fuel into minute particles and mixing it with air
is called “Carburetion”. This term is mostly used in the internal combustion
engine, which has low compression ratio and which use highly volatile liquid
fuels such as petrol.

The process of breaking up fuel in minute particles is known as “Atomization”. A

carburetor is a device where all the carburetion takes place.

 Scavenging
“Scavenging” is the process of removing burnt exhaust gases from the
combustion chamber of the engine cylinder.
In four-stroke cycle engine, the piston pushes the burnt gases to exhaust
manifold during its exhaust stroke.
In the two-stroke cycle engine, a blast of fresh charge is made to enter at higher
Velocity into a combustion chamber at the end of working stroke and thus
drives out burnt exhaust gases.

 Compensation
“Compensation” is the process of providing additional fuel or reducing the fuel
by certain means. It will correct the mixture strength to meet the varying nature
of speeds and load on the engines.
This process is mostly used in simple carburetor especially used for
automotive purposes.

 Firing Order
The sequences in which firing or power impulses occur in an internal
combustion engine are called “Firing Order”. This term, firing order should be
such that there is always a proper balance and it does not cause vibrations.

 Detonation
Some sudden and violent knocks are experienced in internal combustion
engine at sometimes. These knocks are known by “Detonation”.
This term is set up by a high-pressure wave giving a loud pulsating noise as it
strikes against the cylinder walls, cylinder head, and piston.
It should be noted that detonation is not pre-ignition but something, which
occurs after the spark, has started the ignition.
  Doping
The process of adding a small quantity of Tetraethyl lead to suppressing the
detonation in a petrol engine is the terms called “Doping”.
If the tetraethyl lead used in a large proportion, there are chances of engine
damage. Because of the deposition of lead oxide in the combustion chamber.

 Diesel Knock
A high-pressure wave set up in compression ignition engine (Diesel Engine),
which causes knocks. So, this knock is called as “Diesel knock“.
It badly affects the engine efficiency and power drop; also engine runs very
rough due to diesel knock.

 Dissociation
If a mixture of gases is heated to a very high temperature, the vibrating
molecules of different gases make violent encounters.
Resulting in splitting up of the compound molecules into smaller molecules
which recombine to form their compound molecules as the temperature
lowered.
The phenomenon is called “Dissociation”. The dissociation is mainly due to
breaking up of carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide and oxygen.
 Supercharging
The process of increasing the weight or density of air-fuel mixture or
compressed air, induced into the cylinder during the induction stroke is the
terms known as “Supercharging”.
This is achieved by a separate compressor and known as supercharger or
blower.

 Turbulence
When the atomized fuel injected into the combustion chamber of compression
ignition engine may be burnt efficiently there should be a high relative velocity
between the air and fuel so that a thorough mixing takes place. Hence this is
achieved by “Turbulence”.