CARE OF MOTHER, CHILD, ADOLESCENT

PEDIATRICS LECTURE
INFANT GROWTH & DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES

MONTH GROSS MOTOR FINE MOTOR TIME REFLEXES LANGUAGE PLAY

DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT FADE

- Large reflex actions - Keeps hands - Small cooing - Enjoys watching

1 fisted sounds face of primary
- Able to follow caregiver
objects to - Needs play time in
midline with eyes prone position
- Musical mobiles

- Holds head up - Demonstrates - Grasp reflex - Differentiates - Enjoys bright-

2 when prone social smile fading cry; different colored mobiles
cries for - Rattles
different needs

- Holds head and - Follows objects - Landau reflex is - Laughs out loud - Spends time
3 chest up when past midline with strong - Squeals with looking at hand
prone eyes pleasure (hand regard)
- Tummy time
(prone) important
when client is
awake
- Small blocks

- Turns back to front - Stepping, tonic - Very talkative - Needs space to

4 - No longer has head neck, extrusion - Cooing, practice turning
lag reflexes are babbling, and - Playpen or sheets
- Bears partial weight fading gurgling on the floor for
on feet rolling over

- Should turn readily - Tonic neck - Says some - Handles rattles

5 front to back and reflex fading simple vowels well
back to front - Plastic rings
- Blocks
- Squeeze toys
(small enough to
handle, but big
enough for them
not to swallow)

- Beginning to show - Use palmar grasp - Moro and tonic - Learns the art of - Enjoys bathtub
6 ability to sit neck reflex imitating toys
have faded - Rubber rings for
teething

- Reaches out to be - Transfers objects - Imitates vowel - Likes objects that

7 picked up hand to hand sounds well are good size for
- First tooth (central transferring
incisor) erupts

- Sits securely without - Enjoys

8 support manipulation,
rattles, and toys of
different textures

BOC | 1
 9 - Creeps or crawls
(abdomen off floor)
- Pulls self to standing
10
- Cruises (walks with
11 support)
- Stands alone; some
12 infants take their first
step
MONTH VISION
- Able to regard an object
1 at midline
- Able to follow moving
2 objects
- Binocular vision (ability to
fuse two images into
one)
- Able to follow an object
3 across or past the midline
- Hand regard (hold their
hands in front of their
face)
- Able to recognize
4 familiar objects
5 localize sounds
- Capable of organized
6 depth perception
- Use pincer grasp
(thumb and
finger) to pick up
small objects
- Holds cup and - Landau reflex
spoon well fades
- Helps to dress
(pushes arm into
sleeve)
HEARING
- Quiets momentarily on
a distinctive sound
- Hearing awareness
becomes acute
- Turn their head to
locate a sound
- Able to hear a
distinctive sound and
turn and look at the
source of sound
- Demonstrates ability to
downwards and to the
sides
- Able to locate sounds
above them
- Speaks first
word: dada,
mama, yaya
- Masters another
word: bye or no
- Says two or
more words
with meaning
EMOTIONAL
- Social smile - Simple reflex activity
- Readily smiles at the - Primary circular reaction
sight of parent’s face
- Laughs out loud
- Unaware of actions they
- Cries when enjoyable
interaction and
entertainment leaves
- Recognizes primary
caregiver
- Shows displeasure
when an object is
taken away from
them
- Aware of the - Secondary circular
difference between
people who care for
them and strangers
- Needs safe space
for creeping
- Enjoys toys that go
inside each other
- Interested in pots
and pans that
stack
- Plays games like
patty-cake and
peak-a-boo
- Cruising is the
main activity
- Likes toys that fit
inside each other
- Nursery rhymes or
music
- Will like to pull toys
as soon as walking
begins
COGNITIVE
(explores objects by
grasping them with the
hands or mouthing them)
can cause and which
happen independently
reaction (realization of
what they can cause
and repeat the action
they have just caused)
BOC | 2
 - Pat own image in a
7 mirror
- Transfers toys from hand
to hand
8 reaches its height –
9 the tone of voice
- Object permanence
10 (awareness that an
object out of sight still
exists)
- Cruises (walks with
11 support)
- Stands alone; some
12 infants take their first step
- Shows obvious fear of
strangers
- Cry when taken
away from parents
- Fear of strangers
“eight-month
anxiety” or stranger
anxiety
- Aware of changes in
- Cries when scolded
- Senses displeasure of
parents
- Can recognize their - Object permanence
names (aware that objects and
- Listens acutely when people out of sight still
spoken to exist)
- Can easily locate - Overcomes fear of - Reproducing new events
sounds in any direction strangers (deliberately perform
and turn toward it - Alert and responsive actions and repeat
when approached them)
- Plays interactive
nursery rhymes and
rhythm games
- Dance with others
- Like being at the
table for meals and
joining family
activities
BOC | 3