1. A 20MVA, 11kV, 3-phase, 50 Hz generator has its neutral earthed through a 5% reactor.

It
is in parallel with another identical generator having isolated neutral. Each generator has
a positive sequence reactance of 20%, negative sequence reactance of 10% and zero
sequence reactance of 15%. If a line to ground short circuit occurs in the common bus-
bar, determine the fault current.

Solution: Fig 1 shows the two generators in parallel. The generator 1 has its neutral earthed
through a reactance (=5%) whereas generator 2 has ungrounded neutral. The earth fault is
assumed to occur on the red phase. Taking red phase as the reference, its phase e.m.f.
ER=11×103/√3=6351V. For a line to ground fault, the equivalent circuit will be as shown in

fig2(a) which further reduces to the circuit shown in Fig. 2(b).

 The percentage reactances in Fig.2(b) can be converted into ohmic values as under:
(Voltage∈kV )2
X1=%reactance × ×10
base kVA
112
=20× 3 ×10
10 ×20
=12.1Ω
112
X2=15× ×10
10 3 ×20
=0.9075Ω
112
Xo=25× ×10
10 3 ×20
=1.5125 Ω
3⃗
ER 3 ×6351
Therefore Fault current, ⃗IR = =
⃗
X 1+ ⃗
X 2 +⃗
X0 j12.1+ j0.9075+ j1.5125
19053
=
j14.52
=-j1312.19 A