Republic of the Philippines

IIEE-UAE CHAPTER, DUBAI, UAE

BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
REGISTERED ELECTRICAL ENGINEER Licensure Mock Examination

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following questions. Mark only one answer for each item by
shading the box corresponding on the letter of your choice on the answer sheet provided. STRICTLY, NO ERASURES
ALLOWED. Use pencil No. 1 only.
MULTIPLE CHOICES

1. The root mean square (r.m.s) value of ac is the same as:

a. instantaneous value b. average value c. effective value d. maximum value

2. Determine the resistance of a bus bar made of copper if the length is 10 meters long and the cross-section is 4 x
4 cm2. Use 1.7241 micro ohm-cm as the resistivity:
a. 2.121 x 10-4 ohm b. 4.312 x 10-4 ohm c. 3.431 x 10-5 ohm d. 1.078 x 10-4 ohm
L (10mx100cm/m)
L = ρ = 107.75x10-8 ( ) = 107.75x10-6 ohm or 1.078x10-4 ohm
A (4x4)

3. A load of 10 ohms was connected to a 12-volt battery. The current drawn was 1.18 amperes. What is the internal
resistance of the battery? (Rojas problem#31)
a. 0.35 ohm b. 0.20 ohm c. 0.25 ohm d. 0.30 ohm

4. A battery is formed of five cells joined in series. When the external resistance is 4 ohms, the current is 1.5 A and
when the external resistance is 9 ohms, the current falls to 0.75 A. Find the internal resistance of each cell:
(Rojas problem#34)
a. 0.5 ohm b. 1.0 ohm c. 0.2 ohm d. 0.3 ohm

5. The r.m.s value of sine wave is equal to:

a. 0.637 mx. value b. 0.506 max. value c. 0.707 max. value d. 1.414 max. value

6. Two 115-volt incandescent lamps A and B are connected in series across a 230-volt source. If lamp A is rated 75
watts and lamp B is rated 50 watts, determine the current drawn by the series connection: (Rojas problem#41)
a. 0.52 A b. 0.64 A c. 0.48 A d. 0.57 A

7. The greatest value attained during one half of the cycle is called the:
a. peak value b. average value c. r.m.s value d. effective value

8. The reluctance of a non-magnetic circuit is 12 units. How much flux will be set up if surrounded by a coil 600
turns carrying a current of 3 A? (Rojas problem#148)
a. 150 b. 16.67 c. 50 d. 200

9. The voltage applied across the resistor was reduced by 50%. The power consumed by resistor will reduced by:
a. 75% b. 50% c. 25% d. 100%

10. A solenoid 30 cm long is wound with 300 turns. What is the value of its field strength inside the solenoid, when
the coil is carrying a current of 2 amperes? (Rojas problem#150)
a. 1500 AT/m b. 2000 AT/m c. 1800 AT/m d. None of these

11. A non-magnetic ring having a cross sectional area of 10 cm2 is uniformly wound with 300 turns of a given wire. If
a current of 1 A is passed through the coil, 2.4µWb of flux is generated inside the ring. Determine the average
diameter of the ring:
 a. 50 cm b. 42 cm c. 48 cm d. 54 cm

12. A coil with 150 turns is wound over a 200 cm a cylindrical iron core whose relative permittivity is 250. If a current
of 2 A is pass through the coil, determine the flux density in the core:
a. 0.04 T b. 0.07 T c. 0.12 T d. 0.10 T

13. A magnetic ring (relative permittivity = 800) has a mean radius of 10 cm and a cross sectional area of 5 cm2. An
air gap measuring 1.5 mm is cut in the ring. Determine the required mmf in order to produce a flux of 0.25 mWb
in the air gap:
a. 890 b. 920 c. 909 d. 972

14. What is complex expression for a given alternating current i=250 sin (wt + 25 degrees)?
a. 227 + j106 b. 227 – j106 c. 160 + j75 d. 160 - j75

15. A 110 V dc motor draws current of 30 A and is located 500 ft. from the power source. What is the supply voltage
if the diameter of the copper wire is 0.25 inch? Resistivity is 10.4 ohm-cmil per ft.:
a. 119 V b. 117 V c. 121 V d. 115 V

16. A series loop contains the following circuit elements in order: a 8-volt source, a 2 kΩ resistor, a 1-V source and a
7 kΩ resistor. What is the power absorbed by the 3 kΩ resistor?
a. 12 mW b. 1.2 mW c. 0.12 mW d. 1.2 W

17. a 20 ohm resistor is connected in parallel with a variable resistor R. The parallel combination is then connected in
series with a 4 ohm resistor and connector across a 240 V source. Determine the minimum value of R if the power
of R is equal to the power taken by the 4 ohm resistor.
a. 7.95 ohms b. 8.40 ohms c. 7.64 ohms d. 6.87 ohms

18. Electric pressure in an electric circuit is also called:

a. resistance b. power c. voltage d. energy

19. The inverse capacitance is called:

a. reluctance b. conductance c. susceptance d. elastance

20. A 100,000 ohm voltmeter is used in measuring the insulation resistance of a motor. When connected in series
with insulation across a 230-volt line, the instrument reads 1 volt. What is the insulation resistance of the motor:
a. 25.1 MΩ b. 25.0 MΩ c. 24.9 MΩ d. 29.4 MΩ

21. A 12 V battery of 0.05 ohm resistance and another battery of 12 V and 0.075 ohm resistance supply power to a 2
ohm resistor. What is the current through the load?
a. 5.85 A b. 5.63 A c. 5.72 A d. 5.91 A

22. Permeability in a magnetic circuit corresponds to ____ in an electric circuit:

a. resistance b. resistivity c. conductivity d. conductance

23. Three inductors, 20,30 and 40 mH are connected in series, determine the equivalent inductance:
a. 9 mH b. 90 mH c. 0.125 mH d. 900 mH

24. Two capacitors 30 and 50 micro-farad are connected in series, what is the total capacitance:
a. 40 micro-farad b. 18.75 micro-farad c. 20 micro-farad d. 300 micro-farad

25. The tungsten filament lamp has its filament wire of length 3.89 cm and 0.01 mm in diameter. The resistivity is
5.55x10-8 ohm meter at 20OC. What is the resistance at 20OC:
a. 15 ohms b. 27.5 ohms c. 20 ohms d. 60 ohms
26. A 4-pole wave-wound armature has 144 slots with two coil sides per slot, each coil having two turns. If the flux
per pole is 20 mWb and the armature rotates at 720 rpm. What is the induced voltage?
a. 138.24 V b. 34.96 V c. 69.12 V d. 276.48 V
PΦNZ
E = Given:
60a P=4
-3
4 (20x10 )(720)(144x4) Φ = 20x10-3 Wb
= 60 (2x1)
N = 720
Z = 144 slots x 4 (cond/slot)
E = 276.48 V a = 2m (wave)

27. A 440-volt, 75 HP shunt motor has an armature resistance of 0.185 ohm and a field resistance of 350 ohms. The
current drawn at full load is 135 amperes. What is the back emf in volts?
a. 415.26 b. 398.30 c. 394.78 d. 417.12

Eb = Vt – IaRa – Ifrf
Given:
Ia = I L - I F IL = 135 A
440 VF = 440 V
= 135 – 350 RF = 350 Ω
Ra = 0.185 Ω
Ia = 133.74 A

Eb = 440 – 133.74 (0.185)

Eb = 415.26 V

28. A dc motor takes an armature current of 105 amp at 480 volts when running at 720 rpm. The resistance of the
armature circuit is 0.2 ohm and the field resistance is 96 ohms. What is the torque developed in the armature?
a. 668 N-m b. 610 N-m c. 752 N-m d. 639 N-m
Pdev EbIa
T = 2π
= 2πN

Pdev = EbIa
= (Vt-Iara) x Ia
= [4480 – 105(0.2)] x 105
Pdev = 48,195 W or N-m/s
48,195 N-m/s
T = rev min rad
2π (720 )(1 s)(2π )
min 60 1rev

T = 639.2 N-m

29. A motor has a nameplate rating of 15 hp & 1160 rpm. Solve for the rated torque:
a. 103.6 lb-ft b. 67.9 lb-ft c. 121.4 lb-ft d. 123.3 lb-ft
2πTN
HP = lb.ft
33,000
hp.min

HP x 3,300
T = 2π
lb.ft
15 HP x 3,300
hp.min
= rad rev
2π (1160 )
rev min

T = 67.9 lb.ft
30. The type of the motor that does not have a commutator is:
a. repulsion motor b. induction motor c. dc shunt motor d. ac series motor
31. If the air gap of an induction motor increased the:
a. magnetizing current will decrease b. magnetizing will increase
c. power factor will increase d. power factor will decrease

32. A three phase induction motor rotates at 3510 rpm at normal voltage and frequency of 60 Hz. What is the motor
slip in percent?
a. 3.5% b. 4% c. 2.5% d. 3%
NR = 3,510 rpm
120f
NS =
P
120(60)
P ≈ 3510
≈ 2.1 = 2.0
120(60)
NS = 2
= 3,600 rpm

NS – NR
%Slip = NS
x 100%
3,600 – 3,510
= 3,600
x 100%
%Slip = 2.50%
33. A 3-phase induction motor has rotor resistance and standstill reactance of 0.1 ohm and 3.5 ohm per phase
respectively. The rotor emf at standstill is 60 volts per phase, for a slip of 5%. What is the power developed?
a. 1.7 HP b. 75 HP c. 10 HP d. 15 HP
RPD = 3I22RLOAD
ER
I2 = ZR
sE2 0.05 (60)
I2 = = = 14.88 A
√R22+(sX2)2 √(0.1)2+(0.05x3.5)2

1-0.05
RLOAD = ( )(0.1) = 1.9 Ω
0.05

RPD = 3 (14.88)2(1.9)
1
= 1,262.1 W x 746
RPD = 1.7 HP

34. An Induction motor are often braked rapidly by a technique known as “plugging” which is the reversal of the
phase sequence of the voltage supplying the motor. With a 4 poles is operating at 1750 rpm from an available
infinite bus at 60 Hz. Two of the supply leads are suddenly interchanged. What is the new slip and rotor current
frequency?
a. 1.97 & 118 Hz b. 0.97 & 58 Hz c. 0.027 & 2 Hz d. 0.078 & 4 Hz
120(60)
NS = 4
= 1,800 rpm Due to plugging

1800 –(−1750)
%Slip = x 100%
1800

%Slip = 1.97%

fR = s x f = 1.97 x 60 = 118 Hz
35. A 3 phase, 6 pole, 50 hz induction motor develops 3.73 kW at 960 rpm. What will be the stator input if the stator
loss is 280 Watts?
a. 4165 W b. 4500 W c. 4615 W d. 3855 W
 120(50)
NS – N R ( )– 960
%Slip = NS
x 100% = 6
120(50) x 100% = 40% = 0.04
6

RPD 3.73
RPI = = = 3.885 kW
(1-s) (1-0.04)

SPI = RPI + SCL + SIL = 3.885 + 0.28 = 4.165 kW

36. The advantage of synchronous motor over a wound rotor motor is that:
a. its speed does not depend on the frequency of the supply
b. the power factor may be varied
c. it has no brushes to contend with
d. its speed may be more readily controlled

37. The advantage of induction motor over synchronous motor:

a. they can be made to operate at leading power factor
b. their speed can be easily varied over a wide range
c. they can be constructed with wider air-gap induction motor
d. they usually operate at higher efficiency

38. Type of armature winding in which the coil ends are connected to commutator segments equal to the distance
between poles or 360𝑒 𝑜 :
a. long shunt b. wave winding c. lap winding d. short shunt
39. The distance between two adjacent pole or the distance between the center lines of the adjacent North and South
Pole. It is always equal to 180𝑒 𝑜 :
a. pole pitch b. back pitch c. coil pitch d. front pitch
40. If is the distance between the segments to which the two ends of a coil are connected:
a. pole pitch b. back pitch c. commutator pitch d. front pitch
41. The magnetic of the voltage generated is directed proportional to the rate which flux is being cut:
a. Faraday’s law b. Lenz’ law c. Ohm’s law d. Kirchhoff’s law

42. Losses due to armature drop copper loss at the armature:

a. eddy current loss b. iron loss in armature c. hysteresis loss d. variable loss

43. The speed of DC motor is controlled by varying the:

a. frequency b. armature winding current c. voltage d. resistance

44. The speed of AC motor is controlled by varying the:

a. frequency b. armature winding current c. voltage d. resistance

45. A 440 V shunt motor has armature resistance of 0.8 Ω and field resistance of 200 Ω. Determine the back e.m.f.
when giving an output of 7.46 kW at 85% efficiency:
a. 422.32 V b. 425.80 V c. 454.20 V d. 462.15 V
Output power 7.46x103
Motor input current = % efficiency
x V= 0.85
x 440 = 19.95 A
V 440
Ish = R = 220 = 2.2 A,

Ia = Iin – Ish =19.95 – 2.2 = 17.75 A

Eb = V – IaRa
= 440 – (17.75 x 0.8)
Eb = 425.80 V
46. A dc motor takes an armature current of 110 A at 480 V. The armature circuit resistance is 0.2 Ω. The machine
has 6 poles and the armature is lap connected with 864 conductors. The flux per pole is 0.05 0.05 Wb. Calculate
the speed:
a. 636 rpm b. 3816 rpm c. 106 rpm d. 458 rpm

Eb = V - IaRa = 480 – (110 x 0.2) = 458 V

Φ = 0.05 W
Z = 864
Note for lap wound armature, P = a
PΦNZ
Eb = 60a
(6)(0.05)(864)(N)
458 = (60)(6)
N = 636 rpm
47. A 220 V dc shunt runs at 500 r.p.m. when the armature current is 50 A. Calculate the speed if the torque is
doubled. Given that Ra = 0.2 Ω:
a. 525 rpm b. 575 rpm c. 476 rpm d. 434 rpm
Ta2 Ia2 Ia2
= Ta2 = 2Ta1 2= Ia2 = 100
Ta1 Ia1 50

Eb1 = V - Ia1Ra = 220 – (50 x 0.2) = 210 V

Eb2 = V - Ia2Ra = 220 – (100 x 0.2) = 200 V
N2 E
N1
= Eb2
b1

Eb2 200
N2 = Eb1
(N1) = 210 x 500 = 476 rpm

48. A dc series motor takes 40 A at 220 V and runs at 800 r.p.m. If the armature and field resistance are 0.2 Ω and
0.1 Ω respectively and the iron and friction losses are 0.5kW, find the torque developed in the armature. What is
the output of the motor:
a. 9780 W b. 7820 W c. 8800 W d. 8300 W
Eb = V - Ia(Ra+Rse) = 220 – 40(0.2+0.1) = 208 V
(208)(40)
Ta = 1 = 99.3 N-m
2π (800)( )
60

Total loss = Copper loss + Iron and friction loss

= 402 x 0.3 + 500
Total loss = 980 W
Motor power input = V x Ia = 220 x 40 = 8,800 W
Motor power output = Motor Input – losses = 8,800 – 980 = 7820 W
49. One dc motor drives another dc motor. The second dc motor when excited and driven:
a. also runs as a motor b. runs as a generator c. will not run d. will be damaged

50. A 500 V shunt motor runs at its normal speed of 250 r.p.m. when the armature current is 200 A. The resistance
of armature is 0.12 ohm. Calculate the speed when a resistance is inserted in the field reducing the shunt field to
80% of normal value and the armature current is 100 A:
a. 205 rpm b. 304 rpm c. 488 rpm d. 320 rpm

Eb1 = V - (Ia1 x Ra) = 500 – 200 x 0.12 = 476 V

Eb2 = V - (Ia 2x Ra) = 500 – 100 x 0.12 = 488 V
 N2 Eb2 Φ1
= =
N1 Eb1 Φ2
N2 488 Φ
250
= 476 = 0.8Φ1
1

N2 = 320 rpm
51. In a 4 pole, 35 slot dc armature, calculate the coil span:
a. 6 b. 8 c. 10 d. 12
slots 35
Coil span = poles = 4
≈ 8.75 = 8.0 .. it is customary to drop fractions.

52. The power input to the rotor of a 440 V, 50 Hz, 6 pole, 3 phase induction motor is 100 KW. The rotor emf is
observed to make 120 cycles per minute. Calculate the rotor copper loss per phase:
a. 3/3 kW b. 1/3 kW c. 4/3 d. 6/3 KW
f’= sf = 120/60 = s x 50, s =0.04
Total rotor copper loss = s x P2 = 0.04 x 100 = 4 kW
4
Copper loss/phase = 3 kW

53. An induction motor runs at 1150 rpm. What is the frequency of the rotor?
a. 1 Hz b. 19 Hz c. 57.9 Hz d. 2.5 Hz
NFL =1150 rpm Ns = 1200 rpm
1200 - 1150
S= = 0.04167
1200

FR = s x f = 0.04167 x 60 = 2.5 Hz
54. The stator windings when supplied with 3 phase currents, produced a ________ :
a. current b. magnetic flux c. electromotive force d. power
55. A dc motor can be looked upon as dc generator with the power flow:
a. reduced b. reversed c. increased d. modified

56. When the speed of an alternator increases, the frequency:

a. decreases b. remains the same c. increases d. changes
57. For synchronizing 3 phase alternators, the additional requirement is that the phase rotation:
a. must be the same b. is clockwise c. anti-clockwise d. none of these

58. Synchronization of alternators means:

a. connecting alternators in series b. transferring load from one alternator to another
c. connecting alternators in parallel d. adjusting the excitation of the alternators

59. What kind of rotor is most suitable for turbo-alternators (which are designed to run at high speed):
a. salient pole type b. synchronous type c. non salient pole type d. both a and c

60. A dc generator rated 9.6 kW, 240 Volt; 80 rpm has an armature resistance of 0.1 ohm and field resistance of 240
ohms. When used a motor from 250 volts what is the speed with the same line current:
a. 774 b. 827 c. 786 d. 857
As Generator
Eb = V + IaRa
V 9600 240 V
Ia = Irated + R = 240
+ 240 Ω = 40 +1 = 41

Eb = 240 + (41 x 0.1) = 244.1

 KΦ1N1 = 244.1
244.1
Φ1 = KN1

As Motor
V 9600 240 V
Ia = Irated - R = 240
- 240 Ω = 40 -1 = 39

Eb = 240 - (39 x 0.1) = 246.1

246.1 Φ1 240
Φ2 = KN2
, Φ2
= 250 ,

244.1
250Φ1 246.1 250 x ( )
Φ2 = 240
= KN = 240
K800
2

240 x 246.1
N2 = = 774 rpm
250 x 0.305

61. A hydraulic turbine turning at 200 r/min is connected to a synchronous generator. If the induced voltage has a
frequency of 60 Hz, how many N and S pole pairs does the rotor?
a. 18 b. 30 c. 36 d. 48
120f 120 (60)
P= = = 36 poles or 18 pairs of N&S poles
N 200

62. In wye connected synchronous generator, the voltage per phase percentage of the voltage between the lines is:
a. 33% b. 58% c. 80% d. 100%

63. A 3 phase synchronous generator produces an open circuit line voltage of 6928 V when the dc exciting current is
50 A. The ac terminals are then short circuited, and the three line currents are found to be 800 A. Calculate the
synchronous reactance per phase:
a. 3 Ω b. 5 Ω c. 10 Ω d. 12 Ω
EL 6928
Eo = = = 4000 V
√3 √3
Eo 4000
Xs = = =5Ω
I 800

64. In an alternator, for a coil having a span of 2/3 of pole pitch, the coil span factor will be:
a. 0.866 b. 0.707 c. 0.6 d. 0.2
Coil pitch 2 O O
ρ = slot pitch = 3 x 180 = 120
ρ 120O
Pitch factor (kp) = sin 2 = sin 2
= 0.866

65. An alternator on open circuit generates 360 Volts at 60 Hz when the field current is 3.6 Amp. Neglecting
saturation, determine the generated emf at a frequency of 30 Hz and a field current of 3 Amp:
a. 240 V b. 300 V c. 160 V d. 150 V
E = f (If)
E1 f1(If1)
E2
= f1(If2)

360 60 x 3.6
E2
= 30 x 3.0

E2 = 150 V
66. A three phase wye connected synchronous machine has a stator with 2000 turns per phase. What rotor flux
would be required to produce of voltage of 5 kV line to line:
a. 6.5 mWb b. 8.4 mWb c. 5.4 mWb d. 7.8 mWb
EΦ = 4.44 ΦpNf
 EL 5

Φp = √3
4.44 Nf
= √3
4.44 x 2000 x 60
= 5.418 mWb

67. A single phase generator with full load current of 450 amperes at 2400 volts has 0.08 ohms resistance and
synchronous reactance is 2.8 ohms. Determine the voltage regulation in percent at 75% power factor lagging:
a. 55 b. 41 c. 64 d. 75
Eb = V + IaRa
EΦ = 2400 + (450-cos-1(0.75)(0.08+j2.8)
= 2400 + 126046.954
EΦ = 338815.77
EΦ - VΦ 3388 - 2400
%VR = VΦ
= 2400
= 41 %

68. Two alternators, operating in parallel, supply 2500 kW to a load at lagging pf of 80%. If one machine delivers
1000 kW at 95% power factor, what is the kVA of the other machine:
a. 75.4% b. 70.7% c. 69.6% d. 65.5%
Pout = P1 + P2
2500 1000
0.8
cos-1(0.8) = 0.95
cos-1(0.95) + S2

S2 = 312536.869O - 1052 18.1949O

S2 = 215445.87O
pf = cos 45.87 = 0.696 = 69.6%

69. The sole purpose of a commutator in a dc generator is to:

a. increase output voltage b. reduce sparking at brushes
c. provide smoother output d. convert the induced ac to dc

70. In dc generator the ______ rotates and the field system is stationary:
a. stator b. rotor c. armature d. poles

71. In large capacity ac generator, the moving part is:

a. brushes b. pole c. armature d. frame

72. Calculate the pitch factor for 36 stator slots, 4 poles, coil span, 1 to 8:
a. 0.90 b. 0.92 c. 0.94 d. 0.96

Coil span = (8-1) = 7 slots

36
fall short slots ( )-7
 = 180O x slots/pole
= 180O x 4
36 = 40O
( )
4

 40O
Pitch factor (kp) = cos = cos = 0.94
2 2

73. Calculate the distribution factor for a 36 slots, 4 pole, single layer, 3 phase winding:
a. 0.86 b. 0.90 c. 0.93 d. 0.96

slots 36
number of slots per pole per phase (n) = pole x phase = 4 x 3 = 3

180O 180O
angular displacement (β) = = = 20O
slot/pole 36/4
20
sin n (β/2) sin (3) ( )
distribution factor (Kd) = n sin β/2
= 20
2
= 0.96
3 sin ( )
2
74. For a 3 phase winding with 6 slots per pole per phase and with coil span of 15 slot, value of pitch factor is:
a. 0.851 b. 0.966 c. 0.951 d. 1.05
15
Coil pitch ( )
ρ = slot pitch
= 6
3
x 180O = 150O
ρ 150O
Pitch factor (kp) = sin = cos = 0.966
2 2

75. Open circuit test on transformer is conducted to determine:

a. hysteresis losses b. copper losses c. core losses d. eddy current losses

76. Short circuit test on transformer is conducted to determine:

a. hysteresis losses b. copper losses c. core losses d. eddy current losses

77. The 2300V primary winding of a 60 Hz transformer has 4800 turns. Calculate the mutual flux:
a. 1.8x10-3 maxwells b. 1.8x105 maxwells c. 1.08x10-3 maxwells d. 1.28x105 maxwells
E = 4.44fNΦ
2300 1x108 maxwell
Φ = 4.44x 60 x 4800 = 1.8x 10-3 Wb x 1 Wb
= 1.8x105 maxwells

78. A certain 10 kVA, 60 cycle transformer with primary voltage rating 2400 volts, secondary 240 volts. The primary
is wound with 1100 turns and the secondary with 110 turns. Calculate the rated secondary current:
a. 41.7 A b. 4.17 A c. 417 A d. 83.4 A
Ep Is
= Ip = I L =
10 kVA
= 4.167 A
Es Ip 2400
1100 Is
=
110 4.167

Is = 41.67 ≈ 41.7 A

79. A single phase, 440/110 volt transformer takes a no load of 5 A mp at 0.25 p.f. lagging. If the secondary
supplies a current of 100 A at 0.8 p.f. lagging. Estimate the primary current:
a. 32 A b. 22 A c. 25 A d. 29 A
Ep Is
=
Es Ip

440 100 -36.869O

110
= 4.167

Ip = 25 -36.869O
At no load [at no load (open circuit) condition current is always add on the primary (high side)]
Ip = 25 -36.869O + 5 -75.52O
Ip = 29 -43.036O A

80. A 100 kVA, 60 Hz, 2200/220 V transformer is designed to operate at a maximum flux density of 1 T (Tesla) and
an induced voltage of 15 volts per turn. Determine the cross-sectional area of the core:
a. 0.0432 m2 b. 0.0563 m2 c. 0.0236 m2 d. 0.0128 m2
2
1Tesla = 1 Wb/m
E = 4.44fNΦ
2200
Φ= 2200 V = 0.0563 Wb
4.44x 60 x
15 V/turn

0.0563 Wb
A= 1 WB/m2
= 0.0563 m2
81. A transformer can have zero voltage regulation at: A single phase, 50 kVA, 4400/220 V, 60 Hz transformer has a
primary resistance and secondary winding resistance of 3.45 ohms and 0.009 ohm respectively. Calculate the
equivalent resistance referred to primary:
a. 12.42 Ω b. 9.84 Ω c. 7.05 Ω d. 3.46 Ω

Rep = rp + a2 rs
4400 2
Rep = 3.45 + ( 220
) (0.009) = 7.05 Ω

82. A 500 kVA, 13200/2400 V, 60 Hz, single phase transformer has a 4% reactance and 1% resistance. Calculate
the impedance referred to HV winding:
a. 3.48 + j13.94 b. 4.86 + j12.56 c. 6.53 + j11.87 d. 6.23 + j12.85
(Ep)2 (13200)2
ZB = S
= 500,000
= 348.48 Ω

Zpu = √r2+x2 = √(0.01)2+(0.04)2 = 0.0412 pu

x 0.04
Φ = tan-1 ( r ) = tan-1 (0.01 ) = 75.9638O

ZA = ZB (Zpu) = (348.48)(0.041275.9638O) = 14.3574 75.9638O = 3.48 + J13.94 Ω

83. A 2000 kVA, 34500/240 V, 60 Hz, 3 phase oil filled transformer connected wye-delta has impedance of 5.75%.
Determine the impedance referred to primary in ohms:
a. 25.1 b. 42.8 c. 53.5 d. 34.2
V 34500
VΦ ( L) ( )
ZB = = √3
S = √3
2000X103 = 595.124 Ω
IL [ ] [ ]
√3(IΦ) √3(34500)
Z
Zpu = ZA
B

ZA = ZB (Zpu) = (559.124)(0.0575) = 34.22 Ω

84. Scott connections are used to convert ________ supply:

a. 3-phase to DC b. 3-phase to 2-phase c. 3-phase to 3-phase d. 3-phase to single phase

85. A 5 kVA transformer has the normal voltage rating of 1100/110 V. With the low voltage winding short circuited,
it is found by experiment that 33 V is required to circulate rated full load current and the corresponding power
input is 85 Watts. Find the percent regulation when the load takes rated current at power factor of 80% lagging:
a. 2.84% b. 2.18% c. 3.95% d. 2.72%
%IR = Percent Resistance
P 85
%IR = S sc = 5000
= 0.017%
rated

Srated(Re) Srated(Re)
%IR = (V)2
0.017% = (V)2 Psc = (Isc)2(Re) Isc = √
85
= 4.544 A
4.114
2 2
%IR(V) 0.0174% (1100)
Re = = = 4.114 Ω
Srated 5000

Vsc 2 33
Xe = √Ze2 - Xe2 = √(
Isc
) - Xe2 = √( 4.544 )2 - (4.114)2 = 5.9817 Ω

VR = Ia [(Re x cos Φ) + (Xe x sin Φ)]

5000
= 1100 [(4.114 x 0.8) + (5.9817 x 0.6)]

VR = 31.274 V
 31.274
%VR = x 100% = 2.84%
1100

86. In a balance three phase voltage, Vbn = 120-90O, what is Vcn using ABC sequence:
a. -103.9 - j60 b. -60 - j103.9 c. -103.9 + j60 d. 0 - j120

Vcn = 120-90-120O
= 120-210O
Vcn = 120150O = -103.9+j60

87. In a balanced 2 phase voltage system, the line to line voltage is:
a. equal to Iph b. 2 x Iph c. √2 x Iph d. √3 x Iph

88. The wye connected 3-phase ABC voltage source has Vc = 230 Vrms with 150 degrees angle. Find the line to line
voltage Vab:
a. 208 + j120 V b. 360 + j208 V c. 199.2 +j345 V d. 398.4 + j0 V

VcN = 230150O
Vab = VaN + VNb
= VaN - VbN
= 23030O - 230-90O
Vab = 199.2 + j345 V

89. A balanced star connected load is supplied from a symmetrical three phase 440V system. It draws current of 40
A at 0.866 power factor lagging. The total power taken by the load will be:
a. 13.2 kW b. 30.4 kW c. 26.4 kW d. 40.4 kW

PT = √3 VLILPF
= √3 (440)(40)(0.866)
PT = 26.4 kW

90. The secondary of a transformer bank is wye-grounded, it has a balance voltage and the balanced load. The
voltage to ground is 132 V and its line current is 40 A. What is kVA of the load:
a. 9.1 b. 19.2 c. 27.4 d. 15.84

VG = VLN = 132 V
IL = Iph = 40 A
3 x VLN x Iph 3 x 132 x 40
P = 1000
= 1000
= 15.84 kVA

91. A balance 3 phase load consumes a total power of 100 kW at a power factor of 0.6 lagging; the line voltage
being 1000 V. Determine the values of the impedance components per phase assuming delta connection of
resistance and reactance in series:
a. 10.8 + j14.4 b. 12 + j16 c. 9.6 + j12.8 d. 13.5 + j5.6
PT = √3 VL IL PF
100,000
IL = = 96.225 A
√3 (1000)(0.6)
Vph 1000
Zph = Iph
= = 18 Ω
(96.225/√3 )

= 18 cos-1 (0.6) = 18 53.13O

Zph = 10.8 + j14.4Ω
92. Two watt meters connected to measure the power input to a balanced 3 phase circuit indicate 2500 W and 500
W respectively. What is the power factor:
a. 0.355 b. 0.555 c. 0.455 d. 0.655
W1 - W 2 2500 - 500
θ = tan-1 [√3 W1 + W 2
] = tan-1 [√3 2500 + 500
] = 49.11O

PF = cos 49.11O = 0.655

93. On a 3 phase balance delta connected load supplied a 240 VAC, the watt meter reading are 1710 and 3210.
What is the current:
a. 11.84 A b. 20.86 A c. 13.38 A d. 12.82 A
W1 - W 2 1710 - 3210
θ = tan-1 [√3 W1 + W 2
] = tan-1 [√3 1710 + 3210
] = -27.84O

PF = cos 49.11O = 0.8843

PT 1710+3210
IL = = = 13.38 A
√3 (VL)(PF) √3 (240)(0.8843)

94. Loss from resistance of copper wire in windings of transformer (I 2R), where R is winding resistance:
a. flux leakage loss b. copper loss c. eddy current loss d. hysteresis loss

95. The core of the transformer conducts electricity and acts like a single turn shorted secondary. The current that
flows in the core is called __________:
a. flux leakage loss b. copper loss c. eddy current loss d. hysteresis loss

96. When the current reverses, magnetic alignment of the core also reverses, but the magnetic domains are a little
behind. Energy is needed to get the magnetic domains aligned and to turn them around. This energy, which is
not available in the secondary is called:
a. flux leakage loss b. copper loss c. eddy current loss d. hysteresis loss

97. In balanced 2 phase system, the total power is:

a. 1.414(VL)(IL)(PF) b. 1.414(VL)(IN)(PF) c. 2(VL)(IN)(PF) d. 2(VL)(Iph)(PF)

98. A balanced three phase wye connected source has using positive phase sequence, VCA=230 Vrms with 90
degrees angle. Determine VBC:
a. 230 + j0 V b. -199 –j115 V c. -115 –j199 V d. –j230 V

VCA = 23090O
VBC = 23090O+120O = 230210O = 230210O = -199 –j115 V

99. In balanced three phase wye connected source has using ACB phase sequence, VAB=381 V rms with 60 degrees
angle. determine VCN:
a. 190.5 – j110 V b. -110 + j190.5 V c. -190.5 –j110 V d. –j220V

VAB = 38160O
VBA = 38160O+180O=240O
VCB = 381360O=0O

3810O - 30O 381-30O

VCN = = = 220-30O = 190.5 –j110 V
√3 √3

100. In a balanced delta connected load with ABC sequence, the phase BC current is 20 cis20O amperes. Find the
current at line C:
a. 22.27 + j26.54 A b. -22.27 + j26.54 A c. -22.27 – j26.54 A d. 22.27 –j26.52 A

IC = ICA + ICB
 = ICA – IBC
IC = 20-100O - 2020O = -22.27 –J26.54 A

101. The secondary of a 3 phase transformer bank is connected delta, the line to line voltage is 480 V, the midpoint of
the winding between terminal A & B is grounded. What is the voltage across terminal C & the ground:
a. 240 V b. 277 V c. 720 V d. 416 V

VCG = VCB + VBG

1
= VCB - VBA
2
1
= (48060O) - 2 (4800O)
VCG = 416 V

102. A balance 3 phase load consumes a total power of 100 kW at a power factor of 0.6 lagging; the line voltage
being 100 V. Determine the values of the impedance components per phase assuming delta connection of
resistance and reactance in series:
a. 10.8 + j14.4 b. 12 +j16 c. 9.6 + j12.8 d. 13.5 +j5.6

PT = √3 (VL)(IL)(PF)
PT 100,000
IL = = = 96.225 A
√3 (VL)(PF) √3 (1000)(0.6)

VΦ 100,000
ZΦ = IΦ
= 96.225 = 18 Ω
√3
ZΦ = 18cos-10.6 = 1853.13O = 10.8 +j14.4 Ω

103. A symmetrical three phase 240 volts supplies a balanced delta connected load of 8 –j6 ohms per phase. Using
ABC sequence with VAB as the reference voltage, what is the line A current:
a. -25 + j32 A b. 24.9 6+ j33.2 A c. 16.3 – j38.2 A d. 41.27 + j4.97 A

240-30O
VAN
IA = ZΦ
= 10-36.87
√3
O = 41.57 6.87 A = 41.27 j4.97 A
3

104. A three phase 4 W, Wye connected system with 220 V per phase is connected to three loads; 10 Ω, 2020O Ω
and 12-35O Ω to phases 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Find the current in the neutral line (assume the phasing 1-3-
2):
a. 22.9-18.8O A b. 22.918.8O A c. 3.12167O A d. 13.08167O A

IN = I1 + I2 + I3
VΦ1 VΦ3 VΦ2
= + +
Z1 Z3 Z2
220 0O 220 -120O 220 120O
= 10
+ O + 20 20O
12 -35
IN = 22.9-18.8O

105. The power input to 440 V, 3 phase load is measured by two wattmeter method, the readings are 25,750 W and
7,200 W, the latter was obtained after reversing its current coil. What is the power factor of the load:
a. 0.72 b. 0.30 c. 0.63 d. 0.25

W1 - W 2 25750 - (-7200
θ = tan-1 [√3 ] = tan-1 [√3 ] = 71.994O
W1 + W 2 25750 - 7200

PF = cos 71.994O = 0.309

106. A balance Y-connected load of 30 +j10 ohms per phase is connected to a 3 phase 208 V, 60 Hz supply.
Determine the value of each capacitor in µF which will yield to unity power factor:
a. 88.4 b. 8.84 c. 26.5 d. 2.65
XL 10
L
C = R 2 + X 2 = (30)2 2f
+ (10)2
= 377
1000
= 26.5 µF
L L

107. The purpose of a breather in a transformer is to:

a. provide cooling to the winding b. takes insulting oil from the conservator
c. provide insulation to the winding d. extract moisture from the air

108. A transformer having a 360 turn primary winding takes 150 W in power and 1.4 A in current at an input voltage
of 230 V. Determine the no load power factor:
a. 0.606 b. 0.866 c. 0.466 d. 0.528

PNL = (VNL)(INL)(PFNL)
PNL 150
PFNL = (V = (230)(1.4) = 0.466
NL)(INL)

109. A transformer is rated 500 kVA, 4800/480 V, 60 Hz when operated as a conventional two winding transformer.
This transformer is to be used as a 5.28/4.8 kV step down autotransformer in power distribution system. In the
autotransformer connection, what is the transformer’s rating when used in this manner:
a. 5 MVA b. 6 MVA c. 5.5 MVA d. 6.5 MVA
HV 5280
Capacity Autotransformer = V (Old kVA rating) = 480
(500 kVA) = 5,500 kVA
SERIES

110. In a Scott connection, calculate the values of the line currents in Amperes on the 3300 volts, 3 phase side if the
load on the 2-phase side are both 300 kW at 100 V and 70.7% lagging p.f.:
a. 157.2 b. 148.5 c. 145.2 d. 85.7

2Φ 3Φ
300 kW (2)
S= = 848,656.29 W
0.707
848,656.29
IL = = 148.5 A
√3(3300)

111. What is the RMS value of sinusoidal voltage of a maximum value 200 volts:
200
a. V b. 200 V c. √2 x 200V d. √3 x 200 V
√2

112. A 50 kVA, 2200/220 V, 60 Hz transformer has a core loss determine by the open circuit test, of 350 W and the
copper loss at rated current of 630 W, determined by short circuit test. Find the efficiency at three fourths (3/4)
of rated load 80% power factor:
a. 97.7 % b. 97.6% c. 98.2% d. 98.8%

SL cos θ (0.75)(50)(0.8)
ηT% = SL x 100% = 0.75 SFL 2 x 100% = 97.71%
SL cos θ + PCUFL ( )2+PK (50)(0.8)(0.75) + 0.63 ( ) + 0.35
SFL SFL

113. A 120/180 V auto-transformer draws power at 120 V and supplies power to a 2 kW load at 180 V with a p.f. of
0.80 lagging. An additional load of 1 kW is supplied at unit p.f. from the 60 V winding. What is the current drawn
from the 120 V supply line:
a. 26 b. 30 c. 28 d. 32
2 1
ST = 0.8 -cos-1(0.8) + 1
-cos-1(1) = 3.354 -26.57O kVA
 ST 3354 VA
IP = = = 27.95 A
VP 120

114. A 2000 kW, 2400 V, 75% p.f. load is to be supplied from a 34500 V, 3 phase line through a single bank of
transformers. Give the primary and secondary voltages in volts of the transformer for wye-wye connection:
a. 20000/1380 b. 34500/2400 c. 20000/13500 d. 1380/20000
Y-Y
34500
VPΦ
a= = 2400
√3
= 19,918/1385 ≈ 20000/1380 V
VsΦ
√3

115. The hysteresis loss in a 6,600 V, 60 Hz transformer is 480 W. What will be the loss when the transformer is
connected to a 6,900 V, 40 Hz source:
a. 558 W b. 657 W c. 520 W d. 417 W
Steinmetz index:
Ph = k1 f(E/f)1.6 = k1 f0.6E1.6
Ph2 E2 f1
Ph1
= ( E )1.6( f )0.6
1 2

E2 f1
Ph2 = Ph1 ( E )1.6( f )0.6
1 2

6900 60
= 480 ( 6600 )1.6( 40 )0.6

Ph2 = 657 W

116. A 5 kVA transformer is supplying lighting load. It would in a normal day’s run, operate at full load 10 hrs. and
perhaps at half load 12 hrs. during the rest day there would be no load on the transformer. The iron loss is 150
watts and the full load copper loss is 200 watts. Find the all-day efficiency of the transformer:
a. 92.8% b. 972.% c. 96.2 % d. 98.6%
WOUT
%ADE = W + WCO + WCU
x 100%
OUT

(10)(1)(5 kVA) + 12 (1/2)(5 kVA)

= [(10)(1)(5 kVA) + 12 (1/2)(5 kVA) + (1)2(10)(200) + (1/2)2(12)(200) + 150(24)] x 100%

80,000
= (80,000)+(2600)+(3,600) x 100%

%ADE = 92.8%

117. Which of the following is the least efficient power plant?

a. diesel b. gasoline c. coal fired d. combined cycle

118. The net energy required of a certain country in year 2030 was approximately 3x106 GWh. What is the equivalent
value in quad?
a. 12.42 b. 10.24 c. 124.2 d. 102.4

3413 btu 1 quad

Energy = 3x106 GWhr = 3x109 kWhr x 1 kWhr
x 1x1015 btu = 10.24 quad

119. A 100 MW power plant has a heat rate of 2.88x106 Calories per kWh. It is base load plant and runs at full load
24 hrs. a day. How many tons of coal is needed per day?
a. 250 b. 625 c. 830 d. 960

Where:
LF = Load Factor
AL = Average Load
 MD = Maximum Demand

AL
LF =
MD
cal 24 hr
AL 100x103 kW x 2.88x106 x
kWhr day
MD = = btu 252 cal lb = 960 tons/day
MD 13,000 x x 2200
lb btu ton

120. Depreciation charges are high in the case of what power plant:
a. windmill plant b. hydro-electric plant c. diesel plant d. thermal plant

121. A hydroelectric plant generates 100 MW at an available head of 200 m and at an overall efficiency of 75%. What
quantity of water in cubic meter per second is required?
a. 68 b. 122 c. 1220 d. 26

PO = Q x W x H x η
PO 100x106 Nm/s
Q= = = 67.95 m3/s ≈ 68 m3/s
WHη 9810 N/m3 x 200 m x 0.75

122. Which of the following generating station has the minimum running cost?
a. nuclear power b. thermal plant c. diesel plant d. hydro-electric plant

123. The maximum tidal head available for a proposed tidal power station is 7 m. What must be the area of the tidal
bay to generate an average of 1,200 MW of power?
a. 112 km2 b. 102 km2 c. 126 km2 d. 121 km2

Pdev = 0.219 A x H2
Pdev 1,200 MW
A= = = 111.82 km2 ≈ 112 km2
0.219 x H2 0.219 x (7)2

124. A power plant has a maximum demand of 15 MW. The annual load factor and capacity factor are 50% and 40%
respectively. Determine the reserve capacity of the plant:
a. 7530 kW b. 3750 kW c. 5730 kW d. 3075 kW

Where:
IC = Installed Capacity
MD = Maximum Demand
RC = Reserve Capacity

IC = MD + RC
AL 15 (0.5)
RC = IC – MD = - MD = - 15= 3.75 MW
CF 0.4

125. A power plant is said to have a use factor 48.5% and a capacity factor of 42.4%. How many hours did it operate
during the year?
a. 7568 hours b. 1102 hours c. 7658 hours d. 8000 hours

Where:
TEP = Total Energy Produced
PUF = Plant Use Factor
IC = Installed Capacity
Sr = Service Hour
Pr = Period in year (24 x 365 days = 8760 hr)

TEP TEP
PUF = CF =
IC x Sr IC x Pr

Hence:
TEP CF x IC x Pr CF x Pr 0.424 x 8760
Sr = = = = = 7658 hrs
PUF x IC PUF x IC PUF 0.485
126. Which of the following power plant will take least time in starting from cold condition to full load condition?
a. nuclear power b. steam turbine c. gas turbine d. hydro-electric

127. To produce one kWh a power plant burns 0.9 lb of coal with a heating value of 13,000 BTU per lb. What is the
heat rate of the plant?
a. 6250 BTU/kW-hr b. 11,700 BTU/kW-hr c. 9,500 BTU/kW-hr d. 8,700 BTU/kW-hr

BTU lb BTU
Heat Rate (HR) = 13,000
lb
x 0.9
kWh
= 11,700 kWh

128. With which of the following is enthalpy associated:

a. coal b. electrostatic filter c. steam d. oil

129. The current loads of four circuits are as follows: Circuit 1 – 25 A, Circuit 2 – 38 A, Circuit 3 – 18 A, Circuit 4 – 45
A. The diversity factor is 1.5. What is the minimum ampacity of the feeder conductor?
a. 126 Amp b. 189 Amp c. 84 Amp d. 152 Amp

Div. F = Diversity Factor

Sim. MD = Simultaneous MD
MD = Maximum Demand DIVERSITY FACTOR
∑ MD
Div.F =
Sim. MD
∑ MD (25 + 38 + 18 + 45)
Sim. MD =
Div. F
=
1.5
= 84 Amp

130. The power customer has four circuits of 220 volts, three-phase. The circuits have the maximum demand as
follows: Circuit 1 – 35 A, Circuit 2 – 46 A, Circuit 3 – 72 A, Circuit 4 – 57 A. The diversity factor is 1.5; the load
factor is 50%. Determine the maximum kVA demand on the customer?
a. 46 kVA b. 26.5 kVA c. 80 kVA d. 53 kVA

∑ MD
Div.F =
Sim. MD
∑ MD (35 + 46 + 72 + 57)
Sim. MD = = = 140 Amp
Div. F 1.5

Maximum Demand = √3 (140) (220) =53 KVA

131. A power plant having three turbo-alternators rated 25 MVA, 0.9 p.f., 10 MVA, unity p.f. and 20 MVA, 0.85 p.f.
has a maximum demand of 40 MW. What is the utilization factor of this power plant?
a. 0.88 b. 0.90 c. 0.81 d. 0.73

MD 40 MW
UF = = = 0.81
IC (25 MVA)(0.9) + (10 MVA)(1) + (20 MVA)(0.85)

132. Estimate the average power output of a wind turbine having a blade diameter of 35 ft. if the wind velocity ranges
from 10 to 30 mph:
a. 3.014 kW b. 81.364 kW c. 24.22 kW d. 42.20 kW

Pgen = 2.46x10-3 x D2 x V3 P(INPUT) wATTS = 0.00246D2V3

-3 2 3
Pgen1 = 2.46x10 x (35) x (10m/hr) = 3,013.5 W = 3.01 kW
Where D is diameter in feet
Pgen2 = 2.46x10-3 x (35)2 x (30m/hr)3 = 81,364.5 W = 81.36 kW v is wind velocity in miles/hour
Pgen1 + Pgen2 3.01 + 81.36
Power Ave. =
2
=
2
= 42.20 kW

133. In fission, energy is produced when______:

a. chemical compound splits into its constituents b. nuclear particles split
 c. nuclear particle combine d. molecules combine

134. Reheat cycle in steam power plant is used to:

a. Utilize heat of flue gases b. increase thermal efficiency c. improve condenser performance d. reduce loss
of heat

135. A 69kV line has a horizontal configuration. The distance between adjacent conductor is 6 ft. What is the
geometric mean distance of the line:
a. 6 ft. b. 8.5 ft. c. 10.4 ft. d. 7.6 ft.
3 3
Deq = GMD = √D12D23D31 = √6 x 6 x 12 = 7.56 ft.

136. What is the GMR of three strands conductor of radius 1 mm of an individual strand:
a. 2.1 mm b. 2.304 mm c. 1.46 mm d. 1.723 mm
4
GMR = DS = √(0.778r)3(2r)6 = 1.46 mm

137. A single phase transmission line is 50 km long, consist of two solid round conductor, each of 0.9 cm in diameter,
the conductor spacing is 2.5 m. Calculate the inductance per conductor:
a. 46 mh b. 56 mh c. 66 mh d. 76 mH

D 250 cm
L = 2x10-7 ln H/m = [ 2x10-7 ln ] (50,000)m = 66 mH
0.778r 0.778 (0.9/2) cm

138. A 500 kV three phase transposed line is composed of one ACSR 1272, 45/7 Bittern conductor per phase with
horizontal conductor configuration, 35 ft spacing. The conductors have diameter of 1.345 in and GMR is 0.5328
in. Find inductance per km:
a. 1.38 mH/km b. 1.43 mH/km c. 1.56 mH/km d. 3.46 mH/km
3 3
Deq = GMD = √D12D23D31 = √35 x 35 x 70 = 56.7 ft.
1 ft
DS = 0.5328 in = 0.0444 ft
12 in
44.1
L = [ 2x10-7 ln ] (1000m/km) (1000 mH/H) = 1.38 mH/km
0.0444

139. A three phase transposed distribution line is designed with equilateral spacing of 12 ft. It is decided to build the
line with horizontal spacing D31=2D12=2D23. What should be the spacing between adjacent conductors in order
to obtain the same inductance as the original design:
a. 9.52 ft b. 9.64 ft c. 9.50 ft d. 9.60 ft
3 3 3
Deq = 12 = √D12D23D31 = √D x D x 2D = √2D3
2D3 = 123
3 123
D = √ 2 = 9.52

140. A three phase 60 Hz transposed transmission line has a flat horizontal spacing configuration. The line reactance
is 0.486 ohm per km. The conductor geometric mean radius is 2.0 cm. Determine the spacing D in meter:
a. 10 m b. 15 m c. 18 m d. 20 m
3 3 3 3
Deq = 12 = √D12D23D31 = √D x D x 2D = √2D3 = D3 √2
3
D √2
0.486 Ω/m X 1000m/km = 2  (60) [ 2x10-7 ln ]
2x10-2 m

D = 10 m
141. A 5 miles three phase line has an equilateral spacing of 4 ft. The conductor has GMR of 0.01688 ft and resistance
of 0.303 ohm per mile. What is the impedance:
a. 1.515 +j3.46 b. 1.515 +j3.32 c. 1.515 +j0.002 d. 0.505 +j3.32
RL = 0.303 Ω/mi x (5 mi) = 1.515 Ω/Φ
4
XL = 2  (60) [2x10-7 ln ] Ω/m x (5 mi x 1609 m/mi) = 3.32 Ω/Φ
0.01688

ZL = RL + jXL = 1.515 +j3.32 Ω/Φ

142. What arrester nominal rating shall be used in 34.5 kV grounded system:
a. 22 kV b. 27 kV c. 35 kV d. 42 kV
34.5
kV rating = 1.35 VLN = 1.35 ( ) = 26.89 ≈ 27 kV
√3

143. A 220 kV three phase transmission line is 40 km long. The resistance per phase is 6 ohms per phase and the
inductance per phase is 20 ohms per phase. The shunt capacitance is negligible. Determine the voltage
regulation when supplying 381 MVA at 0.8 power factor lagging at 220 kV:
a. 12.4% b. 13.6% c. 15.8% d. 19.4%
VSN θVSN = IR θR ZL θR + VSN 0O
381X103 kVA 220X103 kVA
= -cos-10.8 [6+j20Ω] + 0O
√3 x 220 kV √3

VSN = 144,350.66 4.95O V/Φ

220
144.35 -
%VR = 220
√3
= 13.65%
√3

144. A 10 km long single phase line has an impedance of 2.5 +j4.33 ohms per phase. The line supplies 316.8 kw load
at 3.3 kV, 80% power factor lagging. Determine the loss:
a. 12 kW b. 18 kW c. 36 kW d. 108 kW
316.8 kW
IR = = 120 A
3.3 kV (0.8)

PLOSS = 3 IR2RL (for 3 phase) PLOSS = IR2RL (for single phase)

PLOSS = IR2RL = (120)2(2.5) = 36,000 W or 36 kW

145. A 69 kV, 16 km, 3 phase transmission line has an impedance of 0.125 +j0.4375 ohm per km. Determine the
transmission efficiency when the line delivers 70 MVA to a load at 64 kV with 80% pf lagging:
a. 98.75% b. 95.90% c. 96.47% d. 98.2%
70x103 kVA
IR = = 631.48 A
√3 x 64 kV
PR
η= X 100%
P R + 3 IR2 R L
70x106(0.8)
= X 100%
70x106(0.8) + 3(631.48)2(0.125x16)

η = 95.9%

146. The ABCD constants of a 60 Hz, 3 phase long transmission lines are as follows: A=D=0.8771.57O,
B=191.6279.1O, C=0.001290.4O. This supplies 100 MW load at 230 kV with 90% power factor. What is the
sending voltage:
a. 248 kV b. 245 kV c. 269 kV d. 238 kV
VSN = A VRN + B IR
230x103 100x106
= (0.8771.57O)( 0O) + (191.6279.1O)( -cos-10.9)
√3 √3 x 230x103(0.9)
 VSN = 155.36 kV 17.23O kV
VS = √3 (155.36) = 269 kV

147. Which of the following equipment is used to limit short-circuit current level in substation:
a. isolator b. coupling capacitor c. lightning switch d. series reactor

148. The capacitive reactance of a 100 km, 23kV line is 1200 ohms. What is the capacitance per km:
a. 2.2 micro-farad b. 220 micro-farad c. 2.2x10-8 farad d. 12 farad
ohms 1
=
km 2fC

1200 1
=
100 2  (60) C

C = 2.2 x10-4 farad per 100km

Hence: C = 2.2 x10-6 farad/km

149. In a certain circuit analysis, the bases choses are: 69 kV and 100 MVA. What is the ohmic resistance:
a. 47.6 ohms b. 7.5 ohms c. 23.8 ohms d. 5 ohms
(69 kV)2
ZB = = 47.61 ohms
100 MVA

150. The percent impedance of a line is 6% at 34.5 kV and 100 MVA bases. What is the ohmic impedance:
a. 2.32 ohms b. 0.71 ohms c. 3.0 ohms d. 1.20 ohms
(34.5 kV)2
ZB = = 11.9025 ohms
100 MVA

ZA = ZB (ZPU) = 11.9025 (0.06) = 0.71 ohms