Step 1: Form table of

corresponding values y = x2
of x and y x=0 y = 02 y=0
Satisfying the equation x=1 y = 12 y=1
y = x2 x=2 y = 22 y=4
Step 2: Choose the scale on x = –1 y = (–1)2 y=1
x axis, 1 cm = 1 unit x = –2 y = (–2)2 y=4
y axis, 1 cm = 1 unit.
Step 3: Plot the points (0, 0);
(1, 1); (–1, 1); (2, 4)
and (–2, 4) on graph
sheet.
Step 4: Join the points by a
smooth curve.
Step 5: Draw the straight line
y = 4 Parallel to x-axis
Step 6: From the intersecting
points of the curve and
the line y = 4, draw
perpendiculars to the
x axis
Step 7: Roots of the equations are x = +2 or x = –2

The graph of a quadratic polynomial is a curve called ‘parabola’

Example 1 : Draw a graph of y = 2x2 and find the value of 3 , using the graph.
Step 1: Form the table of
corresponding values of
x and y satisfying the
equation y = 2x2
Step 2: Choose the scale on x x 0 1 –1 2 –2 3
y 0 2 2 8 8 6
axis, 1 cm = 1 unit and
(x, y) (0, 0) (1, 2) (–1, 2) (2, 8) (–2, 8) ( 3 ,6)
y axis, 1 cm = 1 unit
Step 3: Plot the points (0, 0);
(1, 2) (–1, 2); (2, 8) and
(–2, 8) on graph sheet.

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Step 4: Join the points by a
smooth curve

Step 5: Draw the straight line

y = 6 Parallel to x-axis.

Step 6: From the intersecting

points of the curve and
the line y = 6, draw
perpendiculars to the
x-axis.

Step 7: Value of 3 = ± 1.7

x = –1.7 or x = + 1.7

Example 2 : Draw a graph of y = x2 and y = 2-x and hence solve the equation
x2 + x – 2 = 0
Step 1: Form the table of x 0 1 –1 2 –2
corresponding values of y 0 1 1 4 4
x and y satisfying the (x, y) (0, 0) (1, 1) (–1, 1) (2, 4) (–2, 4)
equation y = x2
x 0 1 –1 2 –2
Step 2: Form the table of
corresponding values of y 2 1 3 0 4
x and y satisfying the (x, y) (0, 2) (1, 1) (–1, 3) (2, 0) (–2, 4)
equation y = 2 – x.
Step 3: Choose the scale on x
axis 1 cm = 1 unit and
y axis, 1 cm = 1 unit.
Step 4: Plot the points (0, 0);
(1, 1); (–1, 1); (2, 4)
and (–2, 4) on the graph
sheet.
Step 5: Join the points by a
smooth curve.
Step 6: Plot the points (0, 2) ;
(1, 1); (–1, 3); (2, 0)
and (–2, 4) on graph
sheet
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Step 7: Join the points to get a line.
Step 8: From the intersecting
Curve and the line, draw
perpendiculars to the
x-axis
Step 9: Roots of the equation are ∴ x = 1 or x = –2

Example 3 : Solve the equation

Method I : x2 – x – 2 = 0 x 0 1 –1 2 –2

Split the equation y 2 1 1 4 4

y = x2 and y = 2 + x (x, y) (0, 0) (1, 1) (–1, 1) (2, 4) (–2, 4)

Step 1: Form the table of

corresponding values x
and y satisfying the x 0 1 2 –1 –2
equation y = x2 y 2 3 4 1 0
Step 2: Form the table of (x, y) (0, 2) (1, 3) (2, 4) (–1, 1) (–2, 0)
corresponding values x
and y satisfying the
equation y = 2 + x
Step 3: Choose the scale on
x axis, 1 cm = 1 unit
y axis, 1 cm = 1 unit
Step 4: Plot the points (0, 0);
(1, 1); (–1, 1); (2, 4)
and (–2, 4) on the graph
sheet.
Step 5: Join the points by a
smooth curve
Step 6: Plot the points (0, 2);
(1, 3) (2, 4); (–1, 1) and
(–2, 0) on the graph
sheet.
Step 7: Join the points to get a
straight line
Step 8: From the intersecting
points of Curve and the
line, draw the perpendi-
culars to the x-axis.
Step 9: Roots of the equation are x = –1 or x = 2

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Method II : x 0 1 –1 2 –2
Step 1: Form the table of y –2 –2 0 0 4
corresponding values of (x, y) (0, –2) (1, –2) (–1, 0) (2, 0) (–2, 4)
x and y satisfying
equation y = x2 – x – 2.
Step 2: Choose the scale on x
axis 1 cm = 1 unit and
y axis 1 cm = 1 unit.
Step 3: Plot the points (0, –2);
(1 –2); (–1, 0); (2, 0)
and (–2, 4) on the graph
sheet.
Step 4: Join the points to form
a smooth curve
Step 5: Mark the intersecting
points of the curve and
the x – axis.
Step 6: Roots of the equations are x = –1 or x = 2

Exercise : 5.9
A. 1) Draw the graph of y = x2 and find the value of 7
2) Draw the graph of y = 2x2 and find the value of 3
1 2
3) Draw the graph of y = x and find the value of 10
2
B. 1) Draw the graph of y = x2 and y = 2x + 3 and hence solve the equation
x2 – 2x – 3 = 0
2) Draw the graph of y = 2x2 and y = 3 – x and hence solve the equation
2x2 + x – 3 = 0
3) Draw the graph of y = 2x2 and y = 3 + x and hence solve the equation
2x2 – x – 3 = 0

C. Solve graphically
1) x2 + x – 12 = 0 2) x2 – 5x + 6 = 0 3) x2 + 2x – 8 = 0
4) x2 + x – 6 = 0 5) 2x2 – 3x – 5 = 0 6) 2x2 + 3x – 5 = 0

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